Layered water filtering type foundation pit construction water draining and guiding device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of foundation pit dewatering and drainage, and discloses a layered water filtering type foundation pit construction drainage and water guide device, which comprises a shunt drainage channel, a water storage well, a hierarchical water filtering assembly, a water power transmission assembly and an intermittent air jet blockage cleaning assembly. The shunt drainage channel is arranged at the inner bottom of the foundation pit base body, and the water storage well is arranged at the intersection of the two shunt drainage channels. The hierarchical water filtering assembly comprises three hierarchical water filtering nets which are detachably connected to the inner side of the water storage well from top to bottom. The intermittent air jet blockage cleaning assembly comprises two groups of fixed cylinders which are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the water storage well. The shunt drainage channel is arranged at the inner bottom of the foundation pit base body, and the water storage well is arranged at the intersection of the channel. The dispersed seepage water at the bottom of the foundation pit can be quickly guided and collected, the gradient filtering structure of the three hierarchical water filtering nets in the inner side of the water storage well can realize the step-by-step interception of different particle size of silt, and the load of the filter layer can be effectively dispersed, and the blockage rate of the single filter net can be delayed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit dewatering and drainage technology, specifically a layered filtration type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of deep foundation pits, to ensure dry working conditions at the bottom of the pit and prevent quicksand and slope stability problems caused by groundwater, drainage from sump pits is the most widely used dewatering method in the engineering field. The conventional approach is to excavate sump pits at the bottom of the pit, and use drainage trenches at the bottom to collect groundwater seeping from the pit walls and bottom into the pits. The water is then pumped out of the pit using submersible pumps or other equipment. To prevent silt and sand carried by the water from damaging the pump impellers and clogging the drainage pipes, a filter structure is usually installed in the sump pit to filter the seepage water; this is an essential component of the foundation pit drainage system.

[0003] Early water collection well filtration structures mostly used single-layer filter screens to intercept solid debris in the water through a single filtration process. However, in engineering applications, it was found that a single-layer filter screen had to simultaneously handle sediment of all particle sizes, from coarse sand to silt. This concentrated filtration load led to rapid clogging of the mesh, especially in sandy and silty soil layers. Often, the permeability would significantly decrease after a short period of operation, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning. To address this issue, the industry gradually developed a layered filtration technology. This involves vertically installing multiple stages of filter screens with progressively smaller pore sizes within the water collection well. Different stages intercept sediment of corresponding particle sizes; large particles of sand and gravel are retained by the lower coarse filter screens, while fine particles of sediment are filtered step-by-step by the upper fine filter screens. This method effectively extends the overall clogging cycle of the filter screens by dispersing the filtration load, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning. It is currently a relatively mature technical solution for foundation pit drainage devices.

[0004] However, long-term engineering practice has shown that layered filtration structures can only delay the clogging process and cannot fundamentally prevent filter layer siltation. Especially for horizontally arranged filter structures, silt will continue to settle on the filter surface under gravity, and fine particles will gradually embed into the mesh and combine with organic matter in the water to form a hardened layer. As the operating time accumulates, the permeability of the filter layer will continue to decline, and eventually manual dismantling and cleaning will still be required. However, the space in deep foundation pits is limited, and manual dredging is not only inefficient but also poses certain safety risks. In addition, dewatering operations must be suspended during dredging, which affects the continuity of construction.

[0005] Therefore, a solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a layered filtration type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device, which is installed in the foundation pit body, including a diversion drainage channel, a water storage well, a graded filtration component, a hydraulic transmission component and an intermittent air jet unblocking component;

[0008] The diversion and drainage channel is located at the bottom inner part of the foundation pit, and the water storage well is located at the intersection of the two diversion and drainage channels;

[0009] The graded water filtration assembly includes a three-stage graded water filtration screen that is detachably connected to the inside of the water storage well from top to bottom;

[0010] The intermittent jet cleaning assembly includes two sets of fixed cylinders symmetrically fixed to the outside of the water storage well. A sealed piston body is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the sealed piston body. An air inlet pipe and a connecting pipe are respectively connected to the outer surface of the fixed cylinder. An air jet distribution pipe is connected to the end of the connecting pipe. A number of nozzles facing the graded water filter are connected to the outer surface of the air jet distribution pipe.

[0011] The hydraulic transmission assembly includes a drive impeller, a rotating shaft, and an eccentric reciprocating transmission unit. The drive impeller is arranged in the direction of water discharge corresponding to the diversion channel. The drive impeller is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The eccentric reciprocating transmission unit is driven between the rotating shaft and the movable rod.

[0012] Preferably, the eccentric reciprocating transmission unit includes a mounting shell, an eccentric drive turntable, a drive block, and a movable frame. The mounting shell is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the water storage well. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting shell through a bearing. The eccentric drive turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft. The drive block is fixedly disposed at the eccentric position of the eccentric drive turntable. The movable frame has a movable groove inside, and the drive block is slidably embedded in the movable groove. The side of the movable frame is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod.

[0013] Preferably, both the intake pipe and the connecting pipe are equipped with one-way valves, and the two one-way valves are in opposite directions, so that when the movable rod drives the sealing piston to reciprocate, an intermittent cycle of negative pressure intake and high pressure exhaust is formed inside the fixed cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a rack plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame, a drive gear is engaged on one side of the rack plate, and a trigger lever is fixedly connected to the outside of the drive gear.

[0015] Preferably, two sets of mounting seats are fixed on the outer bottom of the water storage well corresponding to the swing path of the trigger lever. The mounting seats have mounting grooves inside, and the trigger lever is elastically connected inside the mounting grooves through a return spring. A trigger switch is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the trigger lever. When the trigger lever swings to the corresponding position, the trigger lever is pressed and slids along the mounting groove, thereby triggering the trigger switch.

[0016] Preferably, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the top center of the water storage well, and two sets of electromagnetic adsorption drive components are provided on both sides of the partition plate. A cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the electromagnetic adsorption drive component. The lower surface of the cleaning plate is in contact with the upper surface of the uppermost graded water filter screen. The trigger switch is electrically connected to the electromagnetic adsorption drive component and is used to control the electromagnetic adsorption drive component to be energized and drive the cleaning plate to slide along the surface of the graded water filter screen to remove sludge.

[0017] Preferably, two sets of pump bodies are provided on the top of the foundation pit. The output end of the pump body is fixedly connected to a transport pipe one, and the input end of the pump body is fixedly connected to a transport pipe two. The end of the transport pipe two extends to the top of the mounting shell for transporting the filtered water outward.

[0018] Preferably, the air jet pipe is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the water storage well, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly arranged along the length of the air jet pipe, with the spray direction of the nozzles obliquely corresponding to the mesh surface of the graded water filter, so as to form a reverse air flushing and clogging effect.

[0019] Preferably, the pore size of the three-stage graded water filter screen decreases sequentially from top to bottom, forming a gradient filtration structure of coarse filtration, medium filtration, and fine filtration, so as to intercept silt particles of different sizes in the water body step by step.

[0020] This invention provides a layered filtration-type drainage and water guiding device for foundation pit construction. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention, by setting up diversion and drainage channels at the bottom of the foundation pit and setting up water storage wells at the intersection of the channels, can quickly guide and collect the scattered seepage water at the bottom of the foundation pit. Combined with the gradient filtration structure of the three-stage graded water filter screen inside the water storage well, it can achieve the step-by-step interception of silt of different particle sizes, effectively disperse the load of the filter layer and delay the clogging rate of a single filter screen. At the same time, relying on the potential energy of the water flow in the diversion and drainage channels, the impeller is driven to rotate. The eccentric reciprocating transmission unit drives the piston air circuit structure to generate intermittent high-pressure airflow. Through the jet air distribution pipe and nozzle, it forms a reverse pulse air jet on the graded water filter screen, which can effectively loosen and peel off the fine particles of silt embedded in the mesh.

[0022] 2. This invention utilizes an electromagnetic adsorption drive to propel the cleaning plate against the surface of the graded filter screen, enabling mechanical scraping of thick layers of mud and floating sludge accumulated on the screen surface. This, combined with intermittent air jet cleaning of the deep mesh, forms a complementary and synergistic dual-layer cleaning system, significantly improving the comprehensiveness and thoroughness of filter layer cleaning. Simultaneously, the cleaning action is triggered by a mechanical linkage between a rack and pinion plate, a drive gear, and a trigger lever. The cleaning trigger frequency is automatically matched to the seepage volume of the foundation pit; the greater the water volume, the higher the cleaning frequency, ensuring the continuity and stability of the foundation pit drainage operation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion and drainage channel structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the graded water filter structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the jet air distribution pipe structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting base of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] The components include: 1. the foundation pit; 2. the diversion and drainage channels; and 3. the water storage well.

[0032] 41. Grading filter screen; 42. Divider plate; 43. Cleaning plate; 44. Electromagnetic adsorption drive component;

[0033] 5. Install the casing;

[0034] 61. Pump body; 62. Transport pipe one; 63. Transport pipe two;

[0035] 71. Movable rod; 72. Fixed cylinder; 73. Air inlet pipe; 74. Connecting pipe; 75. Air jet distribution pipe; 76. Nozzle;

[0036] 81. Movable frame; 82. Movable slot; 83. Drive block;

[0037] 91. Rack plate; 92. Drive gear; 93. Trigger lever;

[0038] 10. Drive impeller; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Mounting base; 13. Trigger rod; 14. Mounting slot; 15. Return spring; 16. Trigger switch. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8This invention provides a layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device, which is integrally arranged inside the foundation pit base 1. Its core components include diversion drainage channels 2, water storage wells 3, a tiered filtration assembly, a hydraulic transmission assembly, an intermittent jet cleaning assembly, a mechanical trigger linkage assembly, an electromagnetic scraping assembly, and a pumping and drainage assembly. The foundation pit base 1 is the main body of the foundation pit excavated and formed during building construction. Two diversion drainage channels 2 are integrally excavated and formed at the bottom of the foundation pit base 1. The two diversion drainage channels 2 are recessed downwards to form the water storage wells 3. The inner walls of the diversion drainage channels 2 are... The cement mortar anti-seepage plastering treatment can guide the groundwater seeping from the sidewalls and bottom of the foundation pit to converge into the water storage well 3 along a set path, avoiding local water accumulation and ensuring the efficiency of seepage collection and the stability of flow. The water storage well 3 has a square frame structure. The inner wall of the water storage well 3 is equipped with annular support grooves corresponding to each filter layer. The three-stage graded water filter screen 41 is detachably snapped into the corresponding grooves from top to bottom. The independent snap-fit ​​assembly method facilitates the individual disassembly, replacement and maintenance of each filter screen without disassembling the entire filter structure, making it suitable for the foundation pit site. For rapid operation and maintenance, the pore size of the three-stage graded water filter 41 gradually decreases from top to bottom along the upward direction of water flow. The pore size of the lower graded water filter 41 is the largest, prioritizing the interception of large-diameter gravel and coarse sand in the water. The middle graded water filter 41 intercepts medium-diameter silt, and the pore size of the upper graded water filter 41 is the smallest, filtering fine-particle silt and suspended impurities inside the water. By relying on the graded interception method, the filtration pressure of a single filter screen is dispersed, avoiding the concentrated blockage of impurities of all sizes in the same filter layer, effectively slowing down the overall clogging speed of the filter screen. A partition plate is vertically fixed at the center of the top of the water storage well 3. 42. The partition plate 42 is arranged along the width of the water storage well 3, dividing the water filtration area at the top of the water storage well 3 into two independent sludge cleaning stations on the left and right. Two sets of electromagnetic adsorption drive components 44 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the partition plate 42. A cleaning plate 43 is horizontally fixed on the outside of each set of electromagnetic adsorption drive components 44. The bottom of the cleaning plate 43 is attached to the upper surface of the top-level graded water filter screen 41. A wear-resistant rubber scraper is bonded to the bottom surface of the cleaning plate 43. The scraper is in close contact with the surface of the filter screen to ensure the effect of scraping off the surface mud and mud skin. The rubber material will not scratch the mesh structure of the graded water filter screen 41.

[0041] Two sets of intermittent jet cleaning components are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the water storage well 3. Each set of intermittent jet cleaning components includes a fixed cylinder 72, a movable rod 71, a sealing piston body, an air inlet pipe 73, a connecting pipe 74, a jet air distribution pipe 75, and a nozzle 76. The fixed cylinder 72 is horizontally welded to the outer wall of the water storage well 3. The interior of the fixed cylinder 72 is hollow, forming a sealed air chamber. The sealing piston body is slidably and sealingly assembled in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 72. The center of the outer end face of the sealing piston body is rigidly connected to the end of the movable rod 71. The movable rod 71 passes through the outer end cap of the fixed cylinder 72. The end cap is equipped with a... A sealing oil seal is installed to prevent high-pressure gas from leaking out of the air chamber and to ensure the air chamber is sealed during piston reciprocating motion. The fixed cylinder 72 has two connecting ports. One connecting port is vertically connected to the air inlet pipe 73, and the other connecting port is horizontally connected to the connecting pipe 74. Each of the air inlet pipe 73 and the connecting pipe 74 is equipped with a one-way valve. The two one-way valves have completely opposite directions of conduction. The one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe 73 only allows external air to flow into the fixed cylinder 72 in one direction, and the one-way valve inside the connecting pipe 74 only allows the high-pressure airflow inside the fixed cylinder 72 to be transported outward in one direction.

[0042] The end of the connecting pipe 74 away from the fixed cylinder 72 extends to the inner side of the water storage well 3 and connects with the air jet distribution pipe 75. The air jet distribution pipe 75 is arranged in a ring around the inner wall of the water storage well 3, and is bent to fit the contour of the square well body to ensure that the airflow covers no dead corners and avoids blind spots for clearing blockages at the corners of the square well. Multiple sets of installation holes are evenly opened on the pipe wall of the air jet distribution pipe 75. Each set of installation holes corresponds to a different spray angle for sealing and assembling the nozzle 76. One set of nozzles 76 sprays obliquely upwards towards the lower surface of the graded water filter screen 41. The high-pressure airflow penetrates the screen in the reverse direction from the water inlet side to the water outlet side. The holes create a pulsed air hammer effect, directly impacting the fine particles of silt and mud clumps embedded inside the mesh, loosening and peeling them off. Another set of nozzles 76 sprays obliquely downwards towards the sedimentation groove at the bottom of the water storage well 3. The periodically sprayed airflow fluidizes and disturbs the sediment at the bottom, preventing it from becoming compacted and hardened over time, keeping the sediment loose and suspended. This facilitates subsequent discharge with the water flow or centralized cleaning, reducing the difficulty of well bottom dredging. Relying on the intermittent pulsed air supply mode formed by the reciprocating motion of the piston inside the fixed cylinder 72 and the cooperation of the one-way valve, the nozzles 76 deliver... The airflow is not continuous aeration, but rather exhibits a periodic alternation between high-pressure impact and static settling. During the jetting phase, the high-intensity pulsed airflow not only clears the filter screen and fluidizes the sediment, but also peels away the anaerobic biofilm attached to the filter screen surface and the inner wall of the well through the shearing action of the air bubbles. At the same time, it introduces oxygen into the water, disrupting the living environment of anaerobic microorganisms and fundamentally slowing down the formation rate of biological slime and filter layer compaction, significantly extending the maintenance-free cycle of the filter screen. During the jetting intervals, the water returns to a relatively static state, and the sediment stirred up by the airflow can be replenished under the action of gravity. The water settles to the bottom of the well and does not remain suspended in the water, thus reducing the filtration load on the graded filter screen 41. This effectively avoids the drawbacks of continuous aeration schemes, which can easily lead to water turbidity and filter screen overload. At the same time, the intermittently jetting upward airflow creates a local airlift effect in the water storage well 3, which can drive the water in the well to form an upward flow trend. Under the conditions of small pit seepage and low natural filtration flow velocity, it can effectively improve the flow efficiency of water passing through the graded filter screen 41, alleviate the problem of easy sediment settling and clogging under low flow velocity, and further enhance the water drainage and guiding capacity of the device under small water volume conditions.

[0043] A housing 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer side of the water storage well 3. A rotating shaft 11 is horizontally mounted inside the housing 5 via bearings. One end of the rotating shaft 11, near the diversion channel 2, extends to the outlet of the channel and is coaxially fixed to a drive impeller 10. The blades of the drive impeller 10 face the direction of the incoming water inside the diversion channel 2. During the seepage flow, the blades are continuously impacted, causing the drive impeller 10 and the rotating shaft 11 to rotate synchronously. An eccentric drive turntable is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 11 inside the housing 5. A drive block 83 is vertically fixed at the eccentric position of the eccentric drive turntable. A movable frame 81 is horizontally arranged inside the housing 5. A long, narrow movable groove 82 is provided in the middle of the frame 81. The drive block 83 is slidably embedded in the movable groove 82. The outer end face of the movable frame 81 is rigidly fixed to the end of the movable rod 71 away from the fixed cylinder 72. When the rotating shaft 11 drives the eccentric drive turntable to rotate continuously, the drive block 83 makes a circular motion and slides back and forth along the inside of the movable groove 82, thereby driving the movable frame 81 to move horizontally back and forth. The movable frame 81 pulls and pushes the movable rod 71 at the same time, realizing the reciprocating linear sliding of the sealed piston body in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 72, thereby continuously generating intermittent high-pressure jet airflow, and the jet frequency is automatically matched with the water flow rate.

[0044] A rack plate 91 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the movable frame 81. A drive gear 92 is rotatably mounted below the rack plate 91 at a corresponding position. The teeth of the drive gear 92 mesh with the teeth of the rack plate 91. A trigger lever 93 is radially fixed to the outer end face of the drive gear 92. When the movable frame 81 moves horizontally back and forth, the rack plate 91 moves horizontally and horizontally in sync. Through the meshing of the teeth, the drive gear 92 rotates back and forth. The trigger lever 93 swings in a fan shape in sync with the drive gear 92, thus periodically completing the mechanical triggering action. The triggering rhythm is also automatically linked with the seepage volume. Two sets of mounting seats 12 are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the water storage well 3, below the swing path of the corresponding trigger lever 93. A mounting groove 14 is vertically opened inside the mounting seat 12. A return spring 15 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting groove 14. The top of the return spring 15 is supported by a connecting rod. The trigger lever 13 can slide vertically along the inner wall of the mounting groove 14. The trigger switch 16 is fixed to the bottom wall of the mounting groove 14. The trigger switch 16 is electrically connected to the two sets of electromagnetic adsorption drive components 44 through a waterproof cable. When the trigger lever 93 swings to the lower stroke, the end of the lever presses down on the trigger lever 13. The trigger lever 13 compresses the return spring 15 downwards. The bottom end of the lever touches the trigger switch 16, and the circuit is connected. The electromagnetic adsorption drive component 44 is energized and generates magnetic attraction, which pulls the cleaning plate 43 to slide horizontally and scrape the mud on the surface of the filter screen. When the trigger lever 93 swings upwards and disengages from the trigger lever 13, the return spring 15 releases its elastic force and pushes the trigger lever 13 upwards. The trigger lever 13 separates from the trigger switch 16, the circuit is broken, the electromagnetic adsorption drive component 44 is de-energized, and the cleaning plate 43 automatically resets, waiting for the next trigger cycle.

[0045] Two sets of pump bodies 61 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top surface of the foundation pit 1. The pump bodies 61 adopt a waterproof submersible pump structure, which is suitable for the working conditions of the foundation pit being wet and watery. The input end of each set of pump bodies 61 is sealed and connected to the second transport pipe 63. The second transport pipe 63 extends vertically downward to the clear water area at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water storage well 3, which can draw clean water that has been filtered by the three-stage water filter screen 41. The output end of the pump body 61 is sealed and connected to the first transport pipe 62. The first transport pipe 62 extends outward to the sedimentation tank or municipal drainage network outside the foundation pit, so as to realize the continuous discharge of filtered water, stabilize the groundwater level inside the foundation pit, and ensure the dry construction conditions at the bottom of the pit.

[0046] Working principle: Groundwater and construction seepage within the foundation pit 1 collect along the slope of the pit bottom and first enter the diversion and drainage channels 2 located at the bottom of the foundation pit 1. The two diversion and drainage channels 2 guide and collect the dispersed seepage from the pit bottom, uniformly transporting it to the water storage well 3 at the intersection of the two channels, completing the initial collection and directional drainage of the seepage. After entering the water storage well 3, the water flows from bottom to top along the well cavity, passing through a three-stage graded filter screen 41 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Since the pore size of the three-stage graded filter screen 41 decreases from top to bottom, it forms a gradient filtration layer of coarse filtration, medium filtration, and fine filtration. Large-diameter gravel and coarse sand particles in the water flow are first intercepted by the lower coarse filtration layer, while medium-diameter silt and fine-particle mud are successively filtered by the middle and upper filter layers. Interception, through a graded interception mode matching particle size, avoids rapid clogging of a single filter layer, while ensuring the cleanliness of the effluent water and preventing sediment from entering the subsequent drainage system and causing pipe wear and siltation. As the water flows through the diversion channel 2 into the storage well 3, the continuously flowing water impacts the drive impeller 10 positioned in the outlet direction of the channel, using the water's own kinetic energy to drive the impeller 10 to rotate continuously. The drive impeller 10 drives the coaxially fixed rotating shaft 11 to rotate synchronously. The rotational motion of the rotating shaft 11 is converted into linear reciprocating motion through an eccentric reciprocating transmission unit. When the rotating shaft 11 rotates, it drives the eccentric drive disc at its end to rotate synchronously. The drive block 83, fixed at the eccentric position of the eccentric drive disc, moves in a circular motion with the disc. The moving block 83 is slidably embedded in the movable groove 82 inside the movable frame 81. As the driving block 83, which performs circular motion, slides back and forth along the movable groove 82, it drives the movable frame 81 to perform uniform linear reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction. This, in turn, causes the movable rod 71 to reciprocate and extend synchronously. During the reciprocating and extending motion of the movable rod 71, it drives the sealed piston body inside the fixed cylinder 72 to slide synchronously along the inner wall of the cylinder. This, combined with the two sets of one-way valves arranged in opposite directions inside the intake pipe 73 and the connecting pipe 74, creates an intermittent cycle of negative pressure intake and high pressure exhaust inside the fixed cylinder 72. When the sealed piston body is pulled outward with the movable rod 71, the volume of the air chamber inside the fixed cylinder 72 increases and a negative pressure is formed. At this time, the one-way valve inside the intake pipe 73 opens in the forward direction, allowing the air to escape. Air is drawn into the cylinder chamber. The one-way valve on the connecting pipe 74 closes in the reverse direction to prevent backflow. When the sealed piston is pushed inward with the moving rod 71, the volume of the chamber decreases, and the internal air is compressed to form a high-pressure airflow. At this time, the one-way valve on the intake pipe 73 closes in the reverse direction, and the one-way valve on the connecting pipe 74 opens in the forward direction. The high-pressure airflow is transported along the connecting pipe 74 to the inside of the jet air distribution pipe 75, and then obliquely sprayed onto the mesh surface of the graded water filter screen 41 through several nozzles 76 evenly distributed along the jet air distribution pipe 75. Due to the periodic intermittent characteristics of the reciprocating motion of the sealed piston, the airflow output by the nozzles 76 is a pulsed intermittent jet. The high-pressure airflow impacting in the reverse direction can penetrate the mesh of the graded water filter screen 41, loosening and peeling off the fine particles of mud and sand embedded in the mesh.Meanwhile, the turbulent shear force generated by the airflow prevents sediment from continuously depositing and hardening on the filter screen surface; and the intermittent jetting mode allows sufficient sediment settling time between jets, allowing the washed-off sediment to slide down the well wall under gravity and settle at the bottom of the water storage well 3, preventing it from re-adhering to the filter screen surface due to continuous turbulence. This ensures effective cleaning without interfering with the normal water filtration process.

[0047] During the horizontal reciprocating motion of the movable frame 81, the rack plate 91 fixed to the bottom of the movable frame 81 moves synchronously with the movable frame 81. The rack plate 91 drives the drive gear 92 to reciprocate through tooth meshing. The trigger lever 93 fixed to the outside of the drive gear 92 swings synchronously with the gear, further converting the linear reciprocating motion into a swing-type trigger action. When the trigger lever 93 swings to the corresponding position, its end presses against the trigger rod 13 fixed to the mounting base 12 at the bottom of the outside of the water storage well 3, causing the trigger rod 13 to slide down along the mounting groove 14 and compress the return spring 15 until the bottom of the trigger rod 13 touches the trigger switch 16, completing the output of a trigger signal. Upon triggering, the control circuit is activated, energizing the electromagnetic adsorption drive unit 44 located on both sides of the partition plate 42 and generating magnetic attraction. This drives the cleaning plate 43 to slide laterally along the surface of the uppermost graded filter screen 41. The lower surface of the cleaning plate 43 scrapes away the mud and thick floating mud accumulated on the surface of the filter screen. This, combined with the air jet cleaning, forms a synergistic cleaning system that removes deep mesh air jets and surface mud, further enhancing the anti-clogging effect of the filter screen. When the trigger lever 93 swings away from the trigger position with the drive gear 92, the spring force of the reset spring 15 pushes the trigger lever 13 upward to reset, and the trigger switch 16 interrupts the circuit. The electromagnetic adsorption drive unit 44 is de-energized and drives the cleaning plate 43 back to the initial position, waiting for the next trigger cycle.

[0048] After being purified by the three-stage water filter screen 41, the clean water is collected in the upper cavity of the water storage well 3. Two sets of pumps 61 installed at the top of the foundation pit 1 continuously pump the clean water in the water storage well 3 through the second transport pipe 63, and then transport it to the municipal drainage system or sedimentation tank outside the foundation pit through the first transport pipe 62, so as to continuously lower the groundwater level inside the foundation pit and maintain the dry construction environment at the bottom of the pit.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A layered filtration-type drainage and water guiding device for foundation pit construction, installed within the foundation pit base (1), characterized in that, Includes diversion drainage channel (2), water storage well (3), graded water filtration assembly, hydraulic transmission assembly and intermittent jet cleaning assembly; The diversion drainage channel (2) is located at the bottom of the foundation pit (1), and the water storage well (3) is located at the intersection of the two diversion drainage channels (2). The graded water filtration assembly includes a three-stage graded water filtration screen (41) that is detachably connected to the inside of the water storage well (3) from top to bottom. The intermittent jet cleaning assembly includes two sets of fixed cylinders (72) symmetrically fixed to the outside of the water storage well (3). The inside of the fixed cylinder (72) is sealed and slidably connected to a sealing piston body. The outside of the sealing piston body is fixedly connected to a movable rod (71). The outer surface of the fixed cylinder (72) is respectively connected to an air inlet pipe (73) and a connecting pipe (74). The end of the connecting pipe (74) is connected to a jet air distribution pipe (75). The outer surface of the jet air distribution pipe (75) is connected to a number of nozzles (76) facing the graded water filter (41). The hydraulic transmission assembly includes a drive impeller (10), a rotating shaft (11), and an eccentric reciprocating transmission unit. The drive impeller (10) is arranged in the direction of water discharge of the diversion channel (2). The drive impeller (10) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11). The eccentric reciprocating transmission unit is driven between the rotating shaft (11) and the movable rod (71).

2. The layered filtration type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric reciprocating transmission unit includes a mounting shell (5), an eccentric drive turntable, a drive block (83), and a movable frame (81). The mounting shell (5) is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the water storage well (3). The rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting shell (5) through a bearing. The eccentric drive turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (11). The drive block (83) is fixedly set at the eccentric position of the eccentric drive turntable. The movable frame (81) has an movable groove (82) inside. The drive block (83) is slidably embedded in the movable groove (82). The side of the movable frame (81) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod (71).

3. The layered filtration type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the intake pipe (73) and the connecting pipe (74) are equipped with one-way valves. The two one-way valves are in opposite directions so that when the movable rod (71) drives the sealing piston to reciprocate, an intermittent cycle of negative pressure intake and high pressure exhaust is formed inside the fixed cylinder (72).

4. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable frame (81) is fixedly connected to a rack plate (91), a drive gear (92) is engaged on one side of the rack plate (91), and a trigger lever (93) is fixedly connected to the outside of the drive gear (92).

5. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two sets of mounting seats (12) are fixed on the outer bottom of the water storage well (3) corresponding to the swing path of the trigger lever (93). The mounting seat (12) has an installation groove (14) inside. The installation groove (14) is elastically connected to the trigger lever (13) through a return spring (15). The bottom of the trigger lever (13) is provided with a trigger switch (16). When the trigger lever (93) swings to the corresponding position, the trigger lever (13) is pressed and slid along the installation groove (14), thereby triggering the trigger switch (16).

6. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A partition plate (42) is fixedly connected to the top center of the water storage well (3). Two sets of electromagnetic adsorption drive components (44) are provided on both sides of the partition plate (42). A cleaning plate (43) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the electromagnetic adsorption drive component (44). The lower surface of the cleaning plate (43) is in contact with the upper surface of the uppermost graded water filter screen (41). The trigger switch (16) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic adsorption drive component (44) and is used to control the electromagnetic adsorption drive component (44) to be energized and drive the cleaning plate (43) to slide along the surface of the graded water filter screen (41) to clean sludge.

7. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two sets of pump bodies (61) are provided on the top of the foundation pit base (1). The output end of the pump body (61) is fixedly connected to a transport pipe one (62), and the input end of the pump body (61) is fixedly connected to a transport pipe two (63). The end of the transport pipe two (63) extends to the top of the mounting shell (5) for transporting the filtered water to the outside.

8. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air jet pipe (75) is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the water storage well (3), and a number of nozzles (76) are evenly arranged along the length of the air jet pipe (75). The spray direction of the nozzles (76) is obliquely aligned with the mesh surface of the graded water filter (41) to form a reverse air flushing and clogging effect.

9. A layered filtration-type foundation pit construction drainage and water guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter pore size of the three-stage graded water filter (41) decreases from top to bottom, forming a gradient filtration structure of coarse filtration, medium filtration and fine filtration, so as to intercept mud and sand particles of different sizes in the water body step by step.

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