A landscape topography waterproof root isolation and air-permeable drainage integrated construction device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of landscape topography waterproof root isolation and air-permeable drainage integrated construction device, belong to landscape topography construction technical field.From bottom to top, it includes waterproof root isolation base plate layer, intermediate support layer and top filter screen layer in sequence, and unit structure is formed by setting isolation frame around, and splicing structure is equipped outside isolation frame.Waterproof root isolation base plate layer is made of continuous bottom plate and longitudinal flow guide ridge, longitudinal drainage channel is formed between adjacent flow guide ridge, and horizontal exhaust passage is formed between the top surface of flow guide ridge and the lower surface of top filter screen layer.Intermediate support layer is arranged in drainage channel, including spindle-shaped air-permeable support column and root isolation baffle, airflow passage and suction hole are arranged in support column and covered with waterproof air-permeable film sleeve, and evaporation fin with pneumatic spring leaf is arranged at the side vertex of column body;Root isolation baffle is provided with root resistance sharp cone and forms air isolation zone.The application realizes drainage and air-permeable layered independence, physical double root isolation does not need chemical root inhibitor, unit splicing construction is convenient, and has waterproof root isolation, drainage and air-permeable function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landscape topography construction technology, specifically to an integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage in landscape topography. Background Technology

[0002] In modern urban landscape greening projects, waterproofing, root barrier, drainage, and soil aeration are core technical aspects. Existing technologies often use waterproof membranes combined with chemical root inhibitors. However, chemical root inhibitors are prone to loss and ineffectiveness, and can pollute the soil. Damaged membranes are easily punctured by roots, leading to waterproofing failure. Drainage and aeration structures are separated, allowing only passive drainage, while aeration channels are easily blocked, preventing continuous and stable air exchange. In low water volumes, water stagnation in the channels causes dampness and mold, while in high water volumes, drainage efficiency is low and active aeration is impossible. The structures are mostly split and layered, making construction cumbersome, prone to misalignment and deformation, resulting in poor overall integrity and high maintenance costs. It is difficult to simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of waterproofing, root barrier, drainage, aeration, and adaptive adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problems of existing landscape greening devices, such as easy failure of root waterproofing and poor drainage and ventilation functions.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides an integrated construction device for waterproofing and ventilating drainage in landscape terrain. The device includes, from bottom to top, a waterproofing base plate layer, a middle support layer, and a top filter layer. An isolation frame is fixedly installed on the outer perimeter of the device to form a unit structure. The isolation frame is provided with a splicing structure on the outside.

[0006] The waterproof root barrier substrate layer includes a continuous base plate and a plurality of longitudinal guide ridges disposed on the continuous base plate. A longitudinal drainage channel is formed between adjacent longitudinal guide ridges. The height of the longitudinal guide ridges is lower than the height of the intermediate support layer. A transverse exhaust channel is formed between the top surface of the longitudinal guide ridges and the lower surface of the top filter layer.

[0007] The intermediate support layer is located within the longitudinal drainage channel. The intermediate support layer includes a breathable support column and a spacer baffle. An axial airflow channel is opened inside the breathable support column, and a suction hole communicating with the airflow channel is provided on the side wall of the breathable support column.

[0008] Preferably, the continuous base plate is made of high-density polyethylene, the longitudinal guide ridges extend continuously in the longitudinal direction and are arranged at equal intervals in the transverse direction; the top filter layer is made of high-strength polyester filament needle-punched geotextile, and the top filter layer is bonded and fixed to the upper end of the breathable support column.

[0009] Preferably, the breathable support column includes a spindle-shaped column with a spindle-shaped cross-section, and the inner wall and top of the airflow channel are covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the root-separating baffle includes a vertical baffle, the vertical baffle having a transverse air-guiding gap on the side near the top filter layer, the side surface of the vertical baffle having a root-blocking cone, and air isolation zones forming on both sides of the root-separating baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the spindle-shaped column is fixedly provided with evaporation ribs at its side apex. The evaporation ribs include hidden ribs, a polyester short fiber needle-punched cloth covering layer covering the surface of the hidden ribs, and a pneumatic spring sheet. The pneumatic spring sheet is a highly elastic polyester sheet, one end of which is fixed in the mounting groove opened in the hidden ribs, and the other end is a free swing end.

[0012] Preferably, the isolation frame includes a frame body, and the lower parts of the two sides of the frame body that are perpendicular to the longitudinal guide ridge are provided with longitudinal drainage holes that communicate with the longitudinal drainage channel, and the upper parts of the other two sides of the frame body are provided with transverse exhaust holes that communicate with the transverse exhaust channel.

[0013] Preferably, the waterproof and breathable membrane cover is composed of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene waterproof and breathable membrane and a polyester non-woven protective layer.

[0014] Preferably, the splicing structure includes a male fastener and a female fastener, which are respectively disposed on adjacent sides of the isolation frame. The male fastener and the female fastener are fastened to each other to achieve splicing and fixing between adjacent unit structures.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the above invention has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Long-lasting and stable waterproof root barrier. This invention forms a complete waterproof barrier through a high-density polyethylene continuous base plate of the waterproof root barrier substrate layer, effectively preventing water seeping downwards from the upper part and protecting the safety of the lower building structure. At the same time, the continuous base plate has excellent puncture resistance, which can effectively resist the puncture of plant roots. Combined with the physical barrier of the root barrier baffle and the biological root-suppressing effect of the air isolation strip, it achieves dual physical and biological root barrier, eliminating the need to add chemical root inhibitors and avoiding the problems of chemical root inhibitor loss and failure and soil pollution.

[0017] (2) Drainage and ventilation are independent and do not interfere with each other. The present invention adopts a layered independent structural design of longitudinal drainage channel and transverse ventilation channel. The drainage channel extends longitudinally and the ventilation channel extends transversely. The two are arranged in layers in space and do not cross each other, realizing the independent operation of drainage and ventilation functions. This effectively avoids the problems of mutual interference between drainage and ventilation and easy blockage of channels in traditional structures.

[0018] (3) Synergistic effect of drainage and aeration. This invention utilizes the principle of fluid mechanics by setting up a spindle-shaped aeration support column and suction holes on the side wall. When water flows through the spindle-shaped column, it generates flow around the column and local pressure reduction, forming a negative pressure zone at the suction holes, resulting in passive entrainment. Under large-volume drainage conditions, this mechanism draws gas from the upper soil to the lateral exhaust channel and discharges it, while promoting the entry of fresh air into the deeper soil layers. This enhances drainage and improves soil aeration, achieving a synergistic effect of drainage and aeration.

[0019] (4) Adaptive humidity regulation and accelerated evaporation. The present invention uses evaporation ribs and their polyester short fiber needle-punched cloth covering layer to absorb water trapped in the channel by the capillary action of the fiber gaps, thereby expanding the evaporation area; the pneumatic spring moves slightly with the airflow to accelerate the evaporation of water, thereby achieving adaptive humidity regulation under low water volume and internal humid conditions, reducing the humidity inside the device and avoiding dampness and mold caused by water retention.

[0020] (5) Modular splicing and convenient construction. This invention forms standardized unit modules through the splicing structure of isolation frames and male and female fasteners. Each unit is fixed to the other by interlocking male and female fasteners. During construction, the unit structures only need to be spliced ​​and laid in sequence, without the need to lay each functional layer layer by layer, which greatly simplifies the construction process, shortens the construction cycle, and ensures the overall structural strength and stability, while keeping the later maintenance cost low. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The invention, its features, shape, and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the full-layer drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same layers. The drawings are not drawn to scale; the focus is on illustrating the gist of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated construction device for waterproofing and ventilating drainage of landscape terrain in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view of the structure.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof root barrier substrate layer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathable support column in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spacer baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the evaporation fin structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction of the longitudinal drainage channel and the transverse exhaust channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the four isolation frames being spliced ​​together in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The component names corresponding to each number in the diagram are as follows:

[0032] 1. Waterproof root barrier substrate layer; 101. Continuous base plate; 102. Longitudinal guide ridge; 2. Intermediate support layer; 201. Breathable support column; 2011. Spindle-shaped column; 2012. Airflow channel; 2013. Suction hole; 2014. Waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve; 202. Root barrier baffle; 2021. Vertical baffle; 2022. Transverse air guide gap; 2023. Root barrier cone; 203. Evaporation rib; 2031. Hidden rib; 2032. Polyester short fiber needle-punched cloth covering layer; 2033. Pneumatic spring; 3. Top filter layer; 4. Isolation frame; 401. Frame body; 402. Longitudinal drainage hole; 403. Transverse exhaust hole; 404. Male fastener; 405. Female fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a construction device for waterproof root barrier and breathable netting in landscape terrain. Specifically, the device includes a waterproof root barrier base plate layer 1, an intermediate support layer 2, and a top filter layer 3 from bottom to top. An isolation frame 4 is fixedly installed on the outer perimeter of the device to form a unit structure. A splicing structure is provided on the outside of the isolation frame 4 so that multiple devices can be spliced ​​and laid.

[0035] like Figures 1-3As shown, the waterproof root barrier substrate layer 1 includes a continuous base plate 101 and multiple longitudinal guide ridges 102 disposed on the continuous base plate 101. The continuous base plate 101 is made of high-density polyethylene, thus possessing excellent waterproof and impermeable performance, puncture resistance, weather resistance, and structural load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the continuous and seamless overall structure forms a complete waterproof barrier, effectively preventing water seepage from the upper part and protecting the safety of the lower building structure and foundation layer. It also resists the penetration of plant roots, forming a physical root barrier protection at the bottom layer. The longitudinal guide ridges 102 extend continuously longitudinally and are arranged at equal intervals laterally on the upper surface of the continuous base plate 101, such as... Figure 8 As shown, a longitudinal drainage channel is formed between adjacent longitudinal guide ridges 102. The height of the longitudinal guide ridges 102 is lower than the height of the intermediate support layer 2, so that a continuous transverse exhaust channel is formed between the top surface of the longitudinal guide ridges 102 and the lower surface of the top filter layer 3, providing space for gas circulation inside the device. The longitudinal guide ridges 102 also serve as reinforcing ribs of the continuous base plate 101, which can significantly improve the overall structural rigidity and deformation resistance of the waterproof base plate layer 1, and prevent the device from deforming and collapsing under load.

[0036] like Figures 3-7 As shown, the intermediate support layer 2 is disposed within the longitudinal drainage channel and includes several breathable support columns 201, spacer baffles 202 connecting adjacent breathable support columns 201, and evaporation fins 203. The lower end of the breathable support column 201 is supported on the continuous base plate 101, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top filter layer 3. The breathable support column 201 includes a spindle-shaped column 2011, and the cross-section of the spindle-shaped column 2011 is spindle-shaped. The spindle-shaped column 2011 has an axial airflow channel 2012 inside, and several suction holes 2013 connected to the airflow channel 2012 on its side wall. The inner wall and top of the airflow channel 2012 are covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve 2014. The waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve 2014 is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene waterproof and breathable membrane composite polyester non-woven fabric protective layer, which has excellent air permeability and water impermeability. It allows gas to pass freely through the airflow channel 2012 and suction holes 2013, while effectively blocking water, soil particles and plant roots from entering the channel, preventing the channel from being blocked, and ensuring the long-term stable and effective ventilation function. Therefore, the interior of the waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve 2014 forms a cylindrical space that accommodates air circulation. The function of the airflow channel 2012 is to serve as a vertical gas passage between the soil layer and the lateral exhaust channel, realizing continuous exchange between the deep soil layer and the outside atmosphere, and ensuring soil aeration.

[0037] The root barrier 202 includes a vertical barrier 2021. A transverse air guide gap 2022 is provided on the side of the vertical barrier 2021 near the top filter layer 3. A root-blocking cone 2023 is provided on the side surface of the vertical barrier 2021. An air isolation zone is formed on both sides of the root barrier 202. The root-blocking cone 2023 physically punctures and blunts the root tip and guides the root system to bypass it. Together with the air isolation, it forms a physical and biological dual root barrier structure. Evaporation ribs 203 are fixedly installed at the side apex of the spindle-shaped column 2011. The evaporation ribs 203 include hidden ribs 2031. The surface of the hidden ribs 2031 is covered with a polyester short fiber needle-punched cloth layer 2032. Multiple mounting grooves are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the surface of the hidden ribs 2031. Multiple pneumatic springs 2033 are fixedly installed in the mounting grooves. The pneumatic springs 2033 are made of highly elastic polyester sheets. One end is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting groove, and the other end is a free end, which can swing freely under the action of airflow or water flow to accelerate the evaporation rate.

[0038] The top filter layer 3 is a high-strength polyester filament needle-punched geotextile, which is bonded to the upper end of the breathable support column 201 to prevent soil blockage, provide primary root isolation, and allow water and air to pass through.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the isolation frame 4 includes a frame body 401, made of high-strength aluminum alloy profile or high-density polyethylene profile. Longitudinal drainage holes 402 connect to longitudinal drainage channels, and transverse vent holes 403 connect to transverse vent channels. A splicing structure is provided on both sides of the frame body 401. Specifically, the splicing structure includes male fasteners 404 and female fasteners 405 set on the upper surface of the frame body 401. The male fasteners 404 and female fasteners 405 are correspondingly set on adjacent sides of the isolation frame 4 and interlock to achieve fastening and fixing between unit structures. Figure 9 As shown, there are four isolation frames fixed by four snap-fit ​​connections, achieving seamless splicing of multi-unit structures.

[0040] Working principle: During construction, the unit structure is assembled and laid on the landscape greening base layer. Planting soil is backfilled and plants are planted on top of the filter layer 3. During use, the top filter layer 3 blocks soil particles and most roots from seeping down. Penetrating roots are physically blocked when they contact the root barrier 202, and their growth is inhibited upon contact with the air isolation zone, achieving double root isolation. This, combined with the continuous base plate 101, forms a long-lasting waterproof root barrier. Excess water in the soil seeps into the longitudinal drainage channel through the top filter layer 3, converging along the channel to the longitudinal drainage hole 402 for discharge, achieving efficient drainage. The transverse exhaust channel and transverse exhaust hole 403 connect to the outside, working with the airflow channel 2012 to achieve continuous gas exchange between the soil and the outside atmosphere. The waterproof and breathable membrane cover 2014 prevents water and soil from entering the channel, ensuring unobstructed airflow. Under low water volume and internally humid conditions, the polyester short fiber needle-punched fabric covering layer 2032 adsorbs and retains accumulated water through capillary action and expands the evaporation area. The pneumatic spring sheet 2033 moves slightly with the airflow to accelerate water evaporation, reduce the internal humidity of the device, and achieve adaptive humidity regulation. Under high water volume drainage conditions, the water flows around the spindle-shaped column 2011, creating a flow around the column and a local pressure reduction. This creates a passive suction effect at the suction hole 2013, drawing the gas in the upper soil to the horizontal exhaust channel and discharging it. At the same time, it promotes the entry of fresh air into the deeper soil layers, enhancing drainage while improving soil aeration, and achieving synergistic effects of drainage and ventilation.

[0041] Those skilled in the art should understand that variations can be implemented by combining existing technology with the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here. Such variations do not affect the essence of the present invention and will not be elaborated here.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in a conventional manner in the art. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the present invention. This does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention's technical solutions still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction device integrating waterproofing, root barrier, and breathable drainage for landscape topography, characterized in that, The device comprises, from bottom to top, a waterproof base plate layer, a middle support layer and a top filter layer. An isolation frame is fixedly installed on the outer perimeter of the device to form a unit structure. The outside of the isolation frame is provided with a splicing structure. The waterproof root barrier substrate layer includes a continuous base plate and a plurality of longitudinal guide ridges disposed on the continuous base plate. A longitudinal drainage channel is formed between adjacent longitudinal guide ridges. The height of the longitudinal guide ridges is lower than the height of the intermediate support layer. A transverse exhaust channel is formed between the top surface of the longitudinal guide ridges and the lower surface of the top filter layer. The intermediate support layer is located within the longitudinal drainage channel. The intermediate support layer includes a breathable support column and a spacer baffle. An axial airflow channel is opened inside the breathable support column, and a suction hole communicating with the airflow channel is provided on the side wall of the breathable support column.

2. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous base plate is made of high-density polyethylene, and the longitudinal guide ridges extend continuously in the longitudinal direction and are arranged at equal intervals in the transverse direction; the top filter layer is made of high-strength polyester filament needle-punched geotextile, and the top filter layer is bonded and fixed to the upper end of the breathable support column.

3. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The breathable support column includes a spindle-shaped column with a spindle-shaped cross-section, and the inner wall and top of the airflow channel are covered with a waterproof and breathable membrane sleeve.

4. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The root-separating baffle includes a vertical baffle, and a transverse air-guiding gap is provided on the side of the vertical baffle near the top filter layer. The side surface of the vertical baffle is provided with a root-blocking cone, and an air isolation zone is formed on both sides of the root-separating baffle.

5. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spindle-shaped column is fixedly provided with evaporation ribs at its side apex. The evaporation ribs include hidden ribs, a polyester short fiber needle-punched cloth covering layer covering the surface of the hidden ribs, and a pneumatic spring sheet. The pneumatic spring sheet is a highly elastic polyester sheet. One end of the pneumatic spring sheet is fixed in the mounting groove opened in the hidden ribs, and the other end is a free swing end.

6. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation frame includes a frame body. The lower parts of the two sides of the frame body, which are perpendicular to the longitudinal guide ridge, are provided with longitudinal drainage holes that connect to the longitudinal drainage channel. The upper parts of the other two sides of the frame body are provided with transverse exhaust holes that connect to the transverse exhaust channel.

7. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain according to claim 3, characterized in that, The waterproof and breathable membrane cover is composed of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene waterproof and breathable membrane and a polyester non-woven protective layer.

8. The integrated construction device for waterproofing, root separation, and breathable drainage of landscape terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing structure includes a male fastener and a female fastener, which are respectively disposed on adjacent sides of the isolation frame. The male fastener and the female fastener are fastened to each other to achieve splicing and fixing between adjacent unit structures.

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