A method, system and device for eliminating mis-touching of a pile penetration error

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of probe testing, and provides a cast-in-place pile sediment penetration false touch elimination method, system and equipment. According to the local penetration load and the local penetration position, a continuous adjacent verification unit group reaching a verification pressure in the depth window is determined, and the penetration conditions of the adjacent verification units outside the two ends of the group are determined. When the annular range of the continuous adjacent verification unit group is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and the adjacent verification units outside the two ends do not reach the verification pressure in the depth window and cross the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing position is excluded as a local hard object false touch position, and the probe is controlled to retreat. After the candidate blocked position is obtained, the support range and stability around the candidate blocked position are further verified, and the verification result is used for selection and subsequent penetration control of the candidate position, so that the influence of the local hard object block on the detection result is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of probe testing, specifically relating to a method, system, and equipment for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of bored piles, drilling debris and unremoved residues may accumulate at the bottom of the hole, forming sediment. The condition of this sediment affects subsequent concrete pouring and the load-bearing performance of the pile foundation. Therefore, detecting sediment at the bottom of the hole before pouring is a crucial step in construction quality control. For boreholes filled with water or mud, penetration testing can help determine the location of the sediment bottom by observing the displacement and resistance response of the probe as it enters the sediment.

[0003] In the prior art, patent document CN101705677A discloses a method and device for automatic detection of penetration-type sediment thickness. This method determines the top surface of the sediment through pre-compression, uses a hammering method to penetrate the sediment, records the penetration depth and the corresponding number of hammer blows, and determines the sediment thickness based on the inflection point of the curve relating these two factors. This method provides a technical approach to identify the bottom surface of sediment using penetration response. However, analysis of its determination mechanism shows that the curve change mainly reflects the change in penetration resistance along the probe's testing path; the response of a single path is insufficient to directly indicate the support range around that location.

[0004] In the field of electric penetration testing, patent document CN105971034A discloses a pressure-tilt type sediment thickness gauge and its measurement method. This method utilizes the relative change in motor operating current to reflect the change in probe force, and combines the relationship between the tilt angle and the probe extension length to assist in determining the sediment interface. This scheme increases the mutual verification between different physical responses, but its detection information mainly targets probe obstruction and probe posture changes; further determination is still needed to determine whether the obstruction location corresponds to a stable support with a certain spatial range. To improve the coverage of measurement points, patent document CN113295125A discloses an array-type sediment thickness detection device, system, and detection method. Other detection rods are arranged circumferentially around the central detection rod, and displacement data of each detection rod is collected. Patent document WO2016178684A1 also discloses hole bottom force and displacement detection, independent sensing operation, and a movable ring structure. The above scheme shows that multi-point arrangement and force-displacement measurement can provide detection information at different locations, but simply increasing the number of detection locations or summarizing the results of each measurement point does not necessarily solve the problem of distinguishing between local hard objects and the bearing interface at the bottom of the hole.

[0005] When localized gravel, hard soil clumps, or agglomerates are present in the sediment, the probe may experience increased resistance before reaching the bottom of the sediment. Directly determining the bottom location based on this riskes premature triggering. Localized hard objects with a certain lateral dimension may also simultaneously support multiple adjacent testing sites, causing multiple measuring points to exhibit load-bearing responses at similar depths. Therefore, relying solely on changes in resistance at a single point, or the number of measuring points reaching the load-bearing condition, is insufficient to fully determine whether the response corresponds to a limited localized obstruction or a larger area of ​​support that meets the testing requirements. Furthermore, the penetration loading itself may alter the stress state of the localized hard object and the surrounding sediment. A previously stable response at a testing site may change during subsequent loading. If subsequent judgments continue to rely on previous conclusions without considering changes in support state and displacement, an already unstable response may continue to be used as a valid basis. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system and equipment for eliminating accidental contact of sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles is provided, the method comprising the following steps: The penetration depth of the probe into the sediment is measured and the penetration load is collected. The candidate bearing position is determined based on the response to the increase of the penetration load. Multiple verification units, which are arranged around the probe and can move independently along the axis, are driven to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position, and the local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit are collected. Based on the local penetration load and local penetration location, determine the continuous adjacent verification unit group that reaches the preset verification pressure within the depth window, as well as the penetration status of the adjacent verification units at both ends of the group. When the circumferential range of the consecutive adjacent verification unit group is less than the preset continuous bearing range, and both outer adjacent verification units do not reach the preset verification pressure within the depth window but cross the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing position is excluded as a local hard object accidental contact position, and the probe is controlled to retract.

[0008] To address the issue of premature triggering of single-probe tests due to localized hard obstruction, the method described in this invention combines the continuous bearing range of the periphery and the penetration status on both sides to eliminate abnormal locations. In the calculation example, the central probe triggers at 70 mm, but only two adjacent units on the periphery form a bearing, with a coverage ratio of 0.25, and both units on both sides pass through the window under low pressure, thus eliminating this candidate location. The principle is to reduce the misjudgment of isolated hard responses as the bottom surface of sediment by utilizing the spatial difference between local support and the peripheral penetrable area.

[0009] Furthermore, the position of the top surface of the sediment is determined by the pre-compression plate, and this position is used as the common position reference for the probe and each verification unit; the position of the top surface of the sediment is the position of the lower surface of the pre-compression plate when the displacement change of the pre-compression plate within the preset observation period does not exceed the top surface stability threshold under the action of the preset top surface pre-pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, the median value of the penetration load of the probe in the first penetration section is used as the load reference. When the penetration load exceeds the sum of the load reference and the preset load increment and continues to reach the preset trigger duration, the penetration position corresponding to the starting point of the continuous section is determined as the candidate bearing position.

[0011] Furthermore, each verification unit is arranged circumferentially along the annular carrier and is connected to the annular carrier through an axial guide portion; the probe passes through the axial through hole of the annular carrier, and the sum of the end pressure areas of each verification unit is greater than the end pressure area of ​​the probe.

[0012] Furthermore, the product of the difference between the concrete density and the mud density in the borehole and the preset initial concrete column height is taken as the preset verification pressure, and the product of this pressure and the pressure-bearing area at the end of each verification unit is taken as the verification load of the corresponding verification unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the local penetration load is obtained by the load sensor in the force path of the corresponding verification unit; the local penetration position is obtained by adding the position of the annular carrier relative to the common position reference, the axial displacement of the corresponding verification unit relative to the annular carrier, and the installation offset.

[0014] Furthermore, the verification units that reach the preset verification pressure within the depth window are subjected to load maintenance to obtain the trigger position and the continued penetration amount within the preset load maintenance period; the verification units whose load maintenance pressure is not lower than the preset verification pressure, whose absolute value of the difference between the trigger position and the candidate bearing position does not exceed the preset position tolerance, and whose continued penetration amount does not exceed the preset displacement tolerance are determined as valid verification units, and the continuous adjacent verification unit group is composed of the valid verification units.

[0015] Furthermore, each verification unit is driven by an independent loading mechanism; the first valid verification unit to complete verification is used as the initial carrying segment, and the depth window remains unchanged during this round of verification. While maintaining the local penetration pressure of each verification unit within the current bearing section within the load-bearing range, the adjacent verification units at both ends of the current bearing section are driven to penetrate sequentially along the two circumferential directions. When an adjacent verification unit meets the valid verification unit condition, it is incorporated into the current carrying segment and continues to expand; when an adjacent verification unit completes verification but does not meet the condition, the expansion in the corresponding circumferential direction is terminated, and it is recorded whether it has crossed the lower boundary of the window without reaching the verification pressure within the depth window. After both circumferential expansions have terminated, if the circumferential range of the resulting bearing segment is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both adjacent verification units on the outer sides have records of crossing the lower boundary of the window, then the candidate bearing position is excluded and the probe is controlled to retract; expansion stops when all verification units are incorporated, and the same verification unit is counted only once.

[0016] To address the issue of multiple adjacent elements simultaneously supported by hard objects, where the total number of effective elements alone is insufficient to determine the support range, this method maintains the existing section load and verifies it step-by-step to both sides within a fixed depth window until the section boundary is found. In the calculation example, the expansion of the 70 mm candidate location stops at 2 elements, while the 100 mm candidate location forms 6 consecutive effective elements, with coverage ratios of 0.25 and 0.75, respectively. This approach ensures that the load range is determined by the actual adjacency verification process and avoids the splicing of responses at different depths caused by step-by-step movement of the depth window.

[0017] Furthermore, during the loading of adjacent verification units, the maximum continued penetration amount of each verification unit in the merged section relative to its original trigger position is continuously obtained; when any of the maximum continued penetration amounts exceeds the preset displacement tolerance, the current round of false trigger judgment is stopped and the verification unit is controlled to revert to retest, and the displacement calculation benchmark of the merged unit is not reset due to the addition of a new unit.

[0018] To address the issue of potential omissions in assessments due to existing support settlement after the addition of adjacent loads and the possibility of resetting to zero in stages, this method continuously calculates the cumulative maximum settlement at the original trigger position of each element. If the maximum settlement is exceeded, the assessment for that round is terminated. In the calculation example, the element settled successively by 0.30 mm and 0.30 mm, each stage within the 0.50 mm tolerance, but the cumulative settlement of 0.60 mm exceeded the limit. By maintaining the displacement reference unchanged, unstable elements can be prevented from continuing to participate in the continuous load assessment.

[0019] Furthermore, the method also includes: determining the position of the top surface of the sediment using a pre-compression method; when the circumferential range of the continuous adjacent verification unit group reaches the preset continuous bearing range and the unit within the group passes the load-bearing verification, determining the median value of the trigger position of the unit within the group as the bottom surface position of the sediment, and determining the sediment thickness based on the axial distance between the bottom surface position and the top surface position of the sediment; the load-bearing verification includes checking that the maximum continued penetration amount of each unit from the original trigger position does not exceed the preset displacement tolerance.

[0020] This invention also provides a system for removing accidental contact during the penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles. The system includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for removing accidental contact during the penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles. This system can run on computing devices such as desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and cloud data centers. The runnable system may include, but is not limited to, processors, memory, and server clusters. The processor executes the computer program within the following system modules: The measurement and acquisition module is used to measure the penetration amount of the probe into the sediment and acquire the penetration load, and to determine the candidate bearing position based on the response of the increase of the penetration load. The unit acquisition module is used to drive multiple verification units that are arranged around the probe and can move independently along the axis to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position, and to acquire the local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit. The adjacent verification module is used to determine, based on the local penetration load and local penetration position, a group of consecutive adjacent verification units that reach the verification pressure within the depth window, as well as the penetration status of the adjacent verification units at both ends of the group. The control exclusion module is used to exclude the candidate bearing position as a local hard object accidental contact position when the circumferential range of the continuous adjacent verification unit group is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and the adjacent verification units at both outer ends do not reach the verification pressure within the depth window but cross the lower boundary of the window, and control the probe to retract.

[0021] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product: An electronic device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in a cast-in-place pile and the methods for each step thereof.

[0022] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in a cast-in-place pile and the steps thereof.

[0023] A computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles and the methods for each step thereof.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a method, system, and device for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles. It measures the penetration depth of the probe into the sediment and collects the penetration load. Based on the response to the increase in the penetration load, it determines candidate bearing positions. Multiple verification units, arranged around the probe and capable of independent axial movement, are driven to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position. The local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit are collected. Based on the local penetration load and local penetration position, a group of consecutive adjacent verification units that reach the verification pressure within the depth window is determined, along with the penetration status of adjacent verification units at both ends of this group. When the circumferential range of the group of consecutive adjacent verification units is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both adjacent verification units at both ends have not reached the verification pressure within the depth window but have crossed the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing position is eliminated as a local hard object accidental contact position, and the probe is controlled to retract. This invention can further verify the support range and stability around a candidate obstruction position after the probe test obtains the position, and use the verification results for candidate position selection and subsequent penetration control, thereby reducing the impact of local hard object obstruction on the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments shown in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of a method for eliminating accidental contact with sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles. Figure 2 The diagram shows the system structure of a system for removing accidental impact of sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0028] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to the present invention. The following is a summary of the method. Figure 1 This invention describes a method, system, and equipment for eliminating accidental contact with sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] This invention proposes a method for eliminating accidental contact with sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles, the method specifically including the following steps: The penetration depth of the probe into the sediment is measured and the penetration load is collected. The candidate bearing position is determined based on the response to the increase of the penetration load. Multiple verification units, which are arranged around the probe and can move independently along the axis, are driven to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position, and the local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit are collected. Based on the local penetration load and local penetration location, determine the consecutive adjacent verification unit groups that reach the verification pressure within the depth window, as well as the penetration status of the adjacent verification units at both ends of the group. When the circumferential range of the consecutive adjacent verification unit group is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both outer adjacent verification units do not reach the verification pressure within the depth window but cross the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing position is excluded as a local hard object accidental contact position, and the probe is controlled to retract.

[0030] Furthermore, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, this embodiment proposes to obtain candidate bearing positions on the penetration path through probe testing, and then use multiple verification units arranged around the probe to detect the bearing response around the candidate position. When the detection results show that the candidate position only forms a local support that does not meet the preset circumferential range, and both of its outer regions can continue to penetrate, the candidate position is excluded and the probe is controlled to retract. Sediment thickness calculation is a further application after verification.

[0031] In this embodiment, the probe, also known as the central probe, belongs to the same component. The annular verification assembly includes an annular carrier and multiple verification units arranged circumferentially therearound. Each verification unit can move independently axially relative to the annular carrier. The sum of the end pressure areas of the multiple verification units is greater than the end pressure area of ​​the central probe, thus forming a dual-scale detection structure that combines localized central penetration with larger-scale peripheral verification.

[0032] The candidate bearing position is the location corresponding to the pre-set increase in penetration load response of the central probe. Before completing the peripheral verification, this location is not directly identified as the bottom surface of the sediment. The localized hard objects include gravel, hard soil clumps, or agglomerates that can locally obstruct the probe. The term "false contact removal" means removing candidate positions that meet the removal criteria from the current round of bottom surface candidates and performing a corresponding retraction operation. It does not mean removing the hard object from the borehole, nor does it mean determining the specific material of the hard object using this method.

[0033] Preferably, to unify the variable representation, this embodiment uses a variable body followed by several markers within parentheses to represent variables with additional markers. The superscript position within the parentheses indicates that no additional marker is set at the corresponding position, and does not indicate that the variable value is zero. The markers within the parentheses are only used to distinguish variables and do not represent exponentiation, multiplication, or division. For example, F(0,i) represents the minimum load of the i-th verification unit, where i is the unit number; p(0,v) represents the verification pressure, where v is the verification purpose marker; z(0,c) represents the candidate load position, where c is the candidate position marker. For variables that change over time, the time independent variable is recorded after the semicolon, for example, f(0,i;t) represents the local penetration load of the i-th verification unit at time t. Variables that do not require additional markers directly use their body, for example, N represents the total number of verification units, and C represents the circumferential load continuity parameter.

[0034] The physical meaning, acquisition method, and usage conditions of each variable are explained below. Load is expressed in Newtons (N), pressure in Pascals (Pa) or kilopascals (kPa), and position and displacement in millimeters (m). Data used in the same formula should first have their units standardized.

[0035] In some embodiments, optionally, a detection bracket, a preload plate, a center probe, an annular verification assembly, a drive assembly, a sensor assembly, and a controller may be employed. The center probe and the annular carrier may be connected to the detection bracket via axial drive mechanisms. Each verification unit has a contact end and an axial rod connected to the contact end, the axial rod passing through a guide sleeve in the annular carrier and having its circumferential rotation restricted by an anti-rotation structure.

[0036] Preferably, the contact ends of each verification unit adopt a fan-shaped annular structure, with a gap between adjacent contact ends required for independent movement. Each axial rod is connected to an electric lead screw actuator or a hydraulic actuator with an independent control valve. A load sensor is placed in the force transmission path of the corresponding verification unit, and a displacement sensor is used to detect the axial displacement of the verification unit relative to the annular carrier. The actuators and sensors can be arranged in layers along the axial direction to accommodate the spatial constraints formed by the circumferential arrangement of the contact ends.

[0037] Independent axial movement of each verification unit means that when one verification unit is obstructed, the other verification units can still continue to move within their respective allowable strokes. For verification units that have already achieved effective load-bearing capacity, the actuators use pressure feedback control; for units yet to be verified, the actuators use speed-limited propulsion control. Each unit is equipped with mechanical limits and control stroke limits.

[0038] Furthermore, each kinematic pair is equipped with a mud-proof sleeve, a mud-scraping seal, and a suitable pressure compensation structure. Before measurement, calibration is performed based on the working fluid pressure, the self-weight of the force transmission structure, buoyancy, and sealing friction to obtain corrected parameters for load and displacement. In this embodiment, the end-pressure area is the projected area of ​​the contact end along the axial direction, not the actual microscopic contact area between the gravel and the end face, which is difficult to measure directly. The pressure obtained by dividing the end load by this projected area is the nominal end-face pressure.

[0039] The detection bracket is used to provide penetration reaction force. In some embodiments, a counterweight bracket with sufficient effective underwater weight and a large-area support plate can be used, and an in-hole guide structure can be used to assist in maintaining attitude. Before loading, it should be verified that the available axial reaction force can withstand the planned simultaneous loading of the verification unit load, the center probe holding load, and the motion resistance, and design margins should be reserved.

[0040] During loading, the position and tilt angle of the support are monitored. Measurements are stopped when the support moves upward, the support continues to sink, or the tilt angle changes beyond the set tolerance. Support movement that cannot be reliably compensated for is not included in the penetration amount of the probe or verification unit.

[0041] The controller uses a unified clock to record the center probe position, center probe load, ring carrier position, relative displacement of each verification unit, local load, and orientation of the detection components. The sampling period is matched to the maximum penetration speed to ensure that the displacement increment between adjacent sampling moments does not exceed the resolution required for position determination. When filtering is used, the impact of filtering delay on trigger position determination should be compensated.

[0042] In an embodiment with a sediment top surface measurement function, a pre-compression plate is lowered to the sediment surface and a preset top surface pre-pressure is applied. When the displacement change of the pre-compression plate within a preset observation period does not exceed the top surface stability threshold, the position of its lower surface is determined as the sediment top surface position.

[0043] The top surface preload is denoted as P(0,0), which is a force and its unit is Newtons (N); the top surface position of the sediment is denoted as z(0,0). When using this top surface as a common position reference, z(0,0) is set to zero, and the direction along the detection axis towards the bottom of the hole is taken as the positive direction. The top surface preload and the verification pressure used in the verification unit are set separately and cannot be mixed.

[0044] When performing false trigger elimination alone, the calibrated position of the fixed detection bracket can be used as a common position reference, because the comparison between the candidate position and the peripheral response uses the relative position under the same reference. When further output of sediment thickness is required, the position of the top surface of the sediment should be obtained.

[0045] The real-time end position of the i-th verification unit can be calculated using the following formula: z(0,i;t)=z(0,R;t)+u(0,i;t)+b(0,i) Where z(0,R;t) is the axial position of the annular carrier relative to the common position reference, obtained by the carrier position detection component; u(0,i;t) is the axial displacement of the i-th verification unit relative to the annular carrier, obtained by the corresponding displacement sensor; b(0,i) is the mounting offset between the end face of the unit and the zero position of the displacement sensor, calibrated by a coplanar calibration plate. The three position quantities use the same positive axial direction.

[0046] The real-time end position of the center probe is denoted as x(0,p;t), obtained by combining the reading of the center probe displacement sensor with the installation offset. The penetration amount of the center probe in this round of measurement is denoted as d(0,p;t), calculated by the following formula: d(0,p;t)=x(0,p;t)-x(0,p;t(0,0)) Where t(0,0) is the starting time of this round of penetration. The penetration amount represents the axial displacement from the starting position of this round, which is not the same as the absolute hole depth, nor is it the same as the number of drives.

[0047] The control center probe penetrates downwards at a limited speed, collecting its calibrated penetration load f(0,p;t). In the previously penetrated section where load triggering has not yet occurred, the median value of the effective load data is taken as the load reference f(0,b).

[0048] When the applied load satisfies the following formula and continues to reach the preset trigger duration T(0,c), a candidate trigger is determined: f(0,p;t)>f(0,b+Δf Where Δf is the load increment threshold, determined based on no-load noise, transmission friction, and sediment preparation tests. The start time of the aforementioned continuous section is denoted as t(0,c), and the corresponding candidate load-bearing position is: z(0,c)=x(0,p;t(0,c)) The load of the central probe is represented by f(0,p;t), and the load of the i-th peripheral verification unit is represented by f(0,i;t). They belong to different measurement channels. If no available prior load reference segment exists, the reference is not re-established using the already blocked high load data, but the current round of candidate position identification is stopped and a retest is performed.

[0049] In some embodiments, the center probe load is obtained directly from a force sensor. In other embodiments, it is obtained by conversion from the calibrated drive current. Within the applicable range of linear calibration, the following can be used: f(0,p;t)=K(0,I)×[I(0,p;t)-I(0,0)] Where I(0,p;t) is the real-time drive current obtained by the current detection component, I(0,0) is the no-load baseline current under the same speed and transmission conditions, and K(0,I) is the current-axial force conversion factor obtained from the load calibration. When the linear applicable range is exceeded, the calibration lookup table relationship for the corresponding working condition is used. The uncalibrated instantaneous current peak value cannot be directly used as the end face pressure.

[0050] After obtaining the candidate load-bearing location, the center probe is switched to force-limiting hold or slightly retracted and then held to prevent it from continuing to load and significantly compressing the local hard object. The position of the annular carrier is then adjusted so that the remaining independent stroke of each verification unit can cover the depth window near the candidate load-bearing location.

[0051] The depth window is denoted as W(0,c) and is defined as follows: W(0,c)=[z(0,c)-δ(0,z),z(0,c)+δ(0,z)] Where δ(0,z) represents the position tolerance. The upper boundary of the window is z(0,c)-δ(0,z), and the lower boundary is z(0,c)+δ(0,z). During the same round of peripheral verification, the candidate carrier position and window boundary remain unchanged, and the window does not move step by step due to changes in the trigger position of newly added adjacent verification units. Example 2

[0052] Based on the aforementioned structure and candidate position identification method, this embodiment implements load-preserving verification and bidirectional adjacency expansion for the peripheral verification unit.

[0053] First, the verification pressure p(0,v) is obtained. In a preferred configuration, the reference verification pressure can be calculated based on the unit weight difference between the concrete and the drilling mud in the borehole, as well as the preset initial concrete column height. p(0,v)=[γ(0,c)-γ(0,m)]×h(0,0) The reference verification load corresponding to the i-th verification unit is: F(0,v,i)=p(0,v)×A(0,i) Wherein, γ(0,c) is the concrete unit weight, and γ(0,m) is the borehole mud unit weight, obtained from material volumetric weight measurement or construction material records, respectively; h(0,0) is the preset initial concrete column height determined according to the first pouring plan; A(0,i) is the end projected area of ​​the i-th verification unit, obtained from drawing dimensions or end dimension verification. In F(0,v,i), v and i together constitute the purpose and unit label of the second position, indicating the reference verification load of the i-th unit.

[0054] When the density is expressed in kilonewtons per cubic meter and the height in meters, the pressure calculation result is in kilopascals. When calculating and verifying the load, the pressure is uniformly converted to Pascals and the area is uniformly converted to square meters, and the unit of the resulting force is Newtons.

[0055] The i-th verification unit is controlled to advance at a limited speed, and its real-time nominal pressure is: p(0,i;t)=f(0,i;t) / A(0,i) Where f(0,i;t) is the real-time axial load obtained and calibrated by the corresponding load sensor. This pressure is used for real-time triggering and window crossing judgment.

[0056] When the unit pressure first reaches p(0,v), record the trigger time t(0,i) and trigger position z(0,i), where: z(0,i)=z(0,i;t(0,i)) The system then switches to pressure feedback control to maintain the unit pressure within a preset load range of p(0,v) to p(0,v) + ε(0,p). ε(0,p) is the pressure control bandwidth determined based on the actuator's pressure regulation capability, and the control target is set within this range.

[0057] Preferably, several lower pressure levels are applied before the final verification pressure is reached to observe the response and reduce loading impact. The response at the lower pressure levels does not replace the load-holding judgment at the final verification pressure.

[0058] The preset load retention period is denoted as T(0,h). The minimum local load during the period from the trigger time t(0,i) to t(0,i)+T(0,h) is denoted as F(0,i). The maximum positive increment of the unit position relative to the original trigger position during the same period is denoted as Δs(0,i).

[0059] The two quantities mentioned above were obtained according to the following rules: F(0,i) = the minimum value of f(0,i;t) during the load preservation period; Δs(0,i) = the maximum value obtained by comparing [z(0,i;t) - z(0,i)] with zero during the load maintenance period.

[0060] The maximum positive increment is used instead of the net difference between the end and start positions of the load-bearing system to avoid underestimating the continued penetration caused by the element sinking first and then rebounding.

[0061] The minimum nominal pressure under load is denoted as p(0,i), and its calculation method is as follows: p(0,i)=F(0,i) / A(0,i) p(0,i) represents the minimum pressure during the load holding period, while p(0,i;t) represents the real-time pressure; the two have different uses. Preferably, the trigger position, load, and continued penetration amount should all come from the same trigger event, and data from different penetrations should not be spliced ​​together for judgment.

[0062] Furthermore, to utilize load-bearing level, positional consistency, and load-bearing stability for verification, the effective state e(0,i) of the i-th element is defined. For elements that have completed the specified verification and whose data is valid, the following joint condition is adopted: F(0,i) / A(0,i)≥p(0,v); |z(0,i)-z(0,c)|≤δ(0,z); Δs(0,i)≤δ(0,s).

[0063] When all three conditions are met, e(0,i) = 1; when the conditions are not met after verification, e(0,i) = 0. Here, δ(0,s) is the allowable amount of continued penetration under load, determined based on a load-displacement comparison test.

[0064] e(0,i) represents the logic state generated by the controller based on physical measurements, not the physical quantity directly measured by the sensor. The three conditions respectively constrain the load-bearing level, trigger depth, and load deformation.

[0065] Preferably, for units that have not yet completed loading, have not yet completed load holding time, or have experienced data anomalies, no valid or invalid conclusion is assigned. The valid state of such a unit is empty, and its processing status is recorded. Specifically, for units that have not reached the verification pressure within the depth window and have already crossed the lower boundary of the window, e(0,i) = 0 is assigned, and their trigger position and load holding penetration amount are recorded as inapplicable, without being filled with a value of zero.

[0066] In the basic testing method, based on the pressure and position records of each unit, a continuous group of adjacent verification units that form a load-bearing response within the window can be obtained, and the penetration status of the outer units at both ends of the group can be obtained. When the continuous segment is less than the preset range, and both outer units on both sides pass through the window below the verification pressure, the central candidate position is excluded.

[0067] In some embodiments, the rigid object has sufficient lateral dimensions to support multiple adjacent units simultaneously. Therefore, by maintaining the existing section load and gradually loading adjacent units, feedback is obtained on the two side boundaries of the load-bearing section and whether the original support remains stable under the new load.

[0068] Each verification unit is numbered sequentially from 1 to N along the circumference, with number N adjacent to number 1. Verification can be performed one by one according to a pre-set inspection sequence, and the initial bearing section S is established based on the first valid verification unit to complete verification.

[0069] Preferably, if multiple units complete valid verification simultaneously, the initial unit is determined according to a preset numbering priority rule. If all units fail to form a valid state, an initial bearing section is not established, and a retest command is generated; this situation is not directly judged as the presence of a local hard object.

[0070] After the initial load-bearing section is established, the pressure of each verification unit within the section is kept within the preset load range. The adjacent verification units on the outer sides of the two circumferential ends of the section are then used as the loading targets for the next step.

[0071] Preferably, an alternating sequence of advancing one step in the first circumferential direction and advancing one step in the second circumferential direction is adopted. The next adjacent unit in that direction is only loaded after the current adjacent unit has been verified and incorporated into the segment. After one direction terminates, another direction can continue to expand.

[0072] When an adjacent verification unit meets the valid verification unit condition, it is merged into the current carrying segment, and the verification of adjacent units at both ends of the updated segment continues. When an adjacent verification unit completes verification but does not meet the conditions, the corresponding circumferential expansion is terminated, and it is recorded whether a window crossing event has occurred for that unit.

[0073] For adjacent cells that have not yet been verified, the expansion in the corresponding direction is paused, and valid cells further away are not incorporated into the current segment without crossing that cell. For cells that have already been verified, the existing records and necessary verification results from this round are used, and they are not counted again as cells that have not yet been verified.

[0074] When the expansion fronts in two directions meet, the same verification unit is counted only once. When all verification units are incorporated, a closed segment is formed and expansion stops. When both directions are blocked by non-valid units, the resulting segment is a continuous segment containing the selected initial unit, but it is not necessarily the largest valid segment in the entire circumference; other valid segments distributed at intervals with it do not participate in this round of counting.

[0075] Furthermore, in implementations where each verification unit corresponds to the same circumferential angle interval, the number of different verification units within the current continuous segment is denoted as N(0,c), and a circumferential bearing continuity parameter is defined: C = N(0,c) / N Where N is the total number of verification units. C represents the coverage ratio of continuous segments calculated according to the partition resolution, and does not represent the actual contact area ratio of the end face, nor does it represent that support evidence has been obtained at the gaps between each unit.

[0076] Let the preset continuity threshold be denoted as C(0,0). The minimum number of continuous units required is the integer obtained by rounding up the product of N and C(0,0). The representative circumferential angle of the corresponding segment is the product of 360 degrees and C.

[0077] For unequal angle partitions, the angle range of the partition should be obtained by summing the angle intervals represented by each unit in the continuous segment, rather than directly using the unit quantity ratio to replace the angle ratio.

[0078] Define a window crossing marker g(0,i). Under normal position detection and loading conditions, if the i-th verification unit crosses z(0,c) + δ(0,z) and its real-time nominal pressure within the entire window does not reach p(0,v), then g(0,i) = 1. If verification is completed but the crossing condition is not met, g(0,i) = 0; if data is insufficient, this marker is empty.

[0079] Window crossing determination uses real-time pressure records within the window, not pre-existing load data. e(0,i) = 0 is not equivalent to g(0,i) = 1. For example, excessive load subsidence can render a cell ineffective, but it does not necessarily lead to low-pressure window crossing.

[0080] After both circumferential expansions have terminated, if the circumferential range of the continuous segment is less than the preset continuous bearing range, and the adjacent verification units at both ends of the segment have the aforementioned window crossing records, then the candidate bearing position is excluded as the local hard object accidental contact position, and the central probe is controlled to retract.

[0081] When using quantity proportions, the above range conditions are: 0 < C < C(0,0).

[0082] If two directions correspond to the same boundary cell, the same crossing record of that cell can be referenced, but it will not be counted repeatedly in the consecutive cell count. When all cells are incorporated, expansion stops, and the above-mentioned local hard object exclusion condition is no longer met.

[0083] To address the potential for interference responses from instantaneous pressure surges, obstruction at varying depths, and continued subsidence after load holding, this embodiment simultaneously defines the bearing pressure, trigger position, and load holding displacement. In the calculation example, the pressure of the first unit is 25.5 kPa, the position deviation is zero, and the penetration depth is 0.18 mm, satisfying the criteria of 25 kPa, 2 mm, and 0.50 mm, respectively. These three conditions collectively screen stable supports near the same depth, providing a consistent data basis for subsequent continuous segment assessments. Example 3

[0084] This embodiment further performs continuous monitoring of the existing load-bearing section under the action of newly added adjacent loads.

[0085] After each unit completes its initial load verification, it maintains its original trigger position and does not reset its displacement zero point due to the loading or incorporation of adjacent units. The maximum continued penetration amount of the i-th incorporated unit from its original trigger time to the current verification time is denoted as D(0,i;t(0,f)), where t(0,f) is the current verification or decision time.

[0086] D(0,i;t(0,f)) is calculated as the maximum value obtained by comparing the position difference z(0,i;t) - z(0,i) with zero over the entire time interval from t(0,i) to t(0,f).

[0087] D(0,i;t(0,f)) and Δs(0,i) use the same original trigger position reference, but their observation times are different. Δs(0,i) only evaluates the initial load holding time, while D(0,i;t(0,f)) evaluates the cumulative displacement history from the initial trigger to the current extension stage.

[0088] Any merged cell satisfies: D(0,i;t(0,f))>δ(0,s) At this point, the current round of error detection and interface confirmation is terminated, progress is stopped, and the verification unit is retracted for retesting. This termination operation takes precedence over the determination of circumferential range and lateral crossing conditions.

[0089] To address the issue of some units becoming unstable during subsequent loading even when the required number of continuous segments has been met, this embodiment places the termination of the assessment when the cumulative settlement exceeds the limit before determining the coverage area and boundary. Using a calculation example of 0.30 mm plus 0.30 mm, even if the number of segments meets the requirement, the assessment will still be terminated when the cumulative settlement reaches 0.60 mm. The principle behind this is to ensure that the continuity conclusion is based on the still-valid support response, preventing previously obtained valid states from being used for confirmation after instability.

[0090] For example, suppose a unit initially settles by 0.30 mm under load, and then settles by another 0.30 mm after an adjacent unit is loaded, with an allowable displacement tolerance of 0.50 mm. If the load is reset to zero after each new load is applied, and neither displacement exceeds the tolerance, the maximum cumulative settlement is 0.60 mm when the original trigger position is maintained, which is sufficient to trigger termination.

[0091] Furthermore, before confirmation, at least one pre-set load-maintaining time period is set to check that the pressure of each unit in the section still meets the load-maintaining requirements, and to check that the cumulative maximum continued penetration from the original trigger position does not exceed the displacement tolerance.

[0092] By maintaining the existing section load, gradually loading adjacent units, and continuously monitoring the original position benchmark, local settlement or bearing changes occurring under the new load can be fed back to the control process. Whether this process is superior to static continuous section statistics under specific soil sample conditions should be determined in conjunction with control tests. Under ideal conditions where the responses of each unit do not affect each other, the two methods may yield the same final section results. Example 4

[0093] This embodiment illustrates the data type, generation conditions, and control applications of the detection results.

[0094] The controller establishes a detection record for each round of candidate locations. The record includes the measurement point number, round number, candidate bearing location, original data index, result field R, cause field, and action field. The measurement point number and round number are integers or unique strings; the location is a numerical value with units; and the result field R is an integer enumeration.

[0095] The initial value of R is 0, indicating that the current round is still in the process of collecting or validating data. This value does not indicate the presence of gravel or that the candidate location has been validated.

[0096] R = 1 indicates that the candidate location has passed the specified continuous load verification; R = 2 indicates that the condition for excluding accidental contact with a local hard object is met; R = 3 indicates that the current round has ended due to insufficient evidence or anomalies and needs to be retested.

[0097] Each verification unit has a separate processing status q(0,i). q(0,i) equal to 0 indicates data collection is pending or verification is in progress, equal to 1 indicates the specified verification has been completed, and equal to 2 indicates a device or data anomaly has occurred. The processing status is generated by travel records, load keeping time, window traversal records, and device feedback.

[0098] Logical values ​​are assigned to e(0,i) and g(0,i) according to the corresponding rules only when q(0,i) equals 1. When q(0,i) does not equal 1, both are empty, and empty values ​​are not converted to an invalid state.

[0099] When an existing section becomes unstable, a sensor malfunctions, the support moves beyond its limits, the travel is insufficient, or the verification timeout occurs, R should be set to 3 first, the advancement should be stopped, the unloaded and the speed limited for retraction should be reduced, the cause should be recorded, and then retesting or repair should be carried out.

[0100] While each unit completes loading and holding as planned, R remains at 0, and data acquisition continues as specified, without outputting the final bottom position or thickness.

[0101] When bidirectional expansion is completed, continuous segments are smaller than the preset range, window crossings occur in both external units, and existing segments have not become unstable, R is set to 2, the excluded candidate positions are recorded, and the center probe is driven to retract.

[0102] Once the expansion is complete, the continuous segments reach the preset range, and all segment units pass the load-keeping verification, R is set to 1. In implementations that include thickness calculation functionality, this result is used to allow subsequent thickness calculations to be performed.

[0103] For rounds that have ended but do not meet the above two substantive conclusions, such as the inability to establish an initial segment, insufficient boundary evidence, or location exceeding the tolerance, set R to 3, save the data, and perform a rollback retest, without directly assigning a gravel material label.

[0104] The cause field records situations such as no valid initial unit, pressure runaway, missing position data, excessive cumulative settlement, insufficient stroke, or excessive measurement time. The action field specifies whether to continue acquisition, roll back, remeasure, or calculate the allowable thickness. The controller executes the corresponding action through the driver interface; when personnel need to adjust the measurement point, a measurement point adjustment request can be output after the rollback is completed.

[0105] The timeout for a single validation test should cover the planned advance time, pressure stabilization time, and load holding time. The retraction distance, maximum stroke, maximum penetration speed, and allowable number of retests should be pre-configured based on actuator parameters and model tests.

[0106] As an example of process settings, a propulsion speed of 1 mm per second, a unit verification timeout of 20 seconds, a retraction distance of 5 mm, and a maximum of two retests at the same point can be used. These values ​​are settings to be verified by the prototype and do not represent optimal operating parameters. If a valid conclusion cannot be reached after reaching the allowed number of retests, the automatic loop should stop and the specific reason should be output.

[0107] When R equals 2, only the candidate positions for that round and their associated trigger conclusions are removed; the original sensor records are retained. When R equals 0 or 3, the thickness field is empty, zero millimeters is not output, and the thickness from the previous round is not considered a valid result for the current round. When R equals 1 but the top surface of the sediment has not yet been obtained, only the verification pass result is output, and the thickness field remains empty. Example 5

[0108] This embodiment can be used to illustrate the follow-up measurement after accidental touch exclusion and the thickness calculation after verification. After the candidate position is excluded, the control center probe retracts with limited force and penetrates again. The response formed by the peripheral unit where the window crossing occurred at a deeper position can be recorded and used as a reference for deep search.

[0109] A new candidate location is established based on the load response at a deeper location only when the central probe can actually cross the original candidate location, and peripheral verification is re-executed. If the central probe is blocked again at the original candidate location, the measurement along that path is stopped, the detection component is retrieved, and the measuring point is adjusted. After relocation, the positional reference is re-established; if thickness calculation is required, the top surface of the sediment is re-acquired.

[0110] The central probe, annular carrier, or all verification units are not required to forcibly penetrate impenetrable hard objects. If the independent travel is insufficient, the carrier approaches an obstacle, or the reaction force exceeds the allowable range, a retraction or repositioning test should be performed. Responses at deeper, peripheral locations cannot be directly identified as the bottom of the sediment without a new round of verification.

[0111] After the candidate position passes the continuous load verification and the load retention check is completed, the median value of the trigger position of each unit in the effective section is taken as the representative sediment bottom position z(0,b).

[0112] The location of the bottom of the sediment was obtained in the following manner: z(0,b) = the median value of each z(0,i) in segment S.

[0113] The axial sediment thickness h(0,a) is: h(0,a)=z(0,b)-z(0,0).

[0114] The location of the sediment bottom surface here is a measurement estimate obtained under specified verification conditions and is not used to prove that it belongs to a certain type of natural stratum or meets the design bearing capacity level. The obtained thickness corresponds to the top surface of the sediment after the specified top surface preload.

[0115] Furthermore, the tilt angle θ of the detection axis relative to the vertical direction is obtained by a tilt sensor. If the attitude change during measurement does not exceed a preset tolerance, the vertical thickness h can be calculated. h = h(0,a) × cos(θ).

[0116] Before substituting angles into cosine calculations, the angle units should be standardized. When the orientation of the detection component changes significantly, do not use a single tilt angle to project the entire stroke; instead, stop outputting the thickness and perform orientation adjustments or retesting.

[0117] Furthermore, the elevation difference caused by the tilt of the detection ring should be controlled to ensure it does not exceed the allowable range of the depth window. The influence of tilt should not be masked by arbitrarily increasing the position tolerance. The representative bottom surface position only corresponds to the current measuring point and does not represent the maximum or minimum sediment thickness of the entire pile bottom. Example 6

[0118] This embodiment uses hypothetical operating conditions to illustrate the above judgment and calculation process. The annular verification component has 8 verification units, each representing a 45-degree circumferential interval. The inner and outer envelope diameters of the annular contact end are 16 mm and 50 mm, respectively. Considering unit gaps and end machining, the projected area of ​​each unit's end is set to 200 square millimeters. The diameter of the central probe is set to 8 mm, and its end face area is approximately 50.27 square millimeters. The total pressure-bearing area of ​​the outer units is 1600 square millimeters, which is larger than the end face area of ​​the central probe.

[0119] Assuming the concrete unit weight is 22 kN / m³, the mud unit weight is 12 kN / m³, and the initial concrete column height is assumed to be 2.5 meters, then the reference verification pressure is: p(0,v)=(22-12)×2.5=25 kPa.

[0120] The area of ​​each verification unit is converted to 0.0002 square meters, and the corresponding reference verification load is: F(0,v,i)=25000×0.0002=5 N.

[0121] The load holding pressure range is set to 25 to 27 kPa, corresponding to a unit load range of 5.0 to 5.4 N. When all 8 units are held simultaneously, the maximum total load is 43.2 N. The support reaction force should also take into account the center probe load, transmission resistance, and design margin.

[0122] The position tolerance δ(0,z) is set to 2 mm, the load displacement tolerance δ(0,s) is set to 0.50 mm, the load holding time T(0,h) is set to 5 seconds, and the continuity threshold C(0,0) is set to 0.75. The minimum number of continuous units is the product of 8 and 0.75, rounded up, which is 6 units, corresponding to a 270-degree partition coverage area.

[0123] First, assuming the central probe forms a candidate load response at 70 mm, the candidate depth window is 68 to 72 mm.

[0124] Unit 1 was triggered at 70.0 mm, with a minimum load of 5.10 N and a maximum penetration depth of 0.18 mm. Its minimum nominal pressure was 25.5 kPa, and its positional deviation was zero. All three conditions were met, therefore Unit 1 was valid and was the first to complete the verification.

[0125] The second element was triggered at 70.4 mm, with a minimum load of 5.06 N and a maximum penetration depth of 0.23 mm. Its pressure, position, and displacement all met the validity conditions; therefore, the second element was valid.

[0126] The highest nominal pressure inside the window of Unit 8 was 18.0 kPa. Penetration continued to the end face to 72.6 mm, but the verification pressure was still not reached, resulting in window penetration. Similarly, the highest nominal pressure inside the window of Unit 3 was 19.0 kPa. Penetration continued to the end face to 72.5 mm, but the verification pressure was still not reached, resulting in window penetration as well.

[0127] Using Unit 1 as the initial segment, verification is performed in the order of the leading edge of Units 2, 8, and 3. Unit 2 is incorporated into the segment, and Units 8 and 3 terminate the expansion in two circumferential directions, respectively. Units 4 through 7 are not required for boundary determination of this segment in this round, and their data retains the unverified label.

[0128] The resulting continuous segment includes the first and second units, and the number of continuous units is 2. Therefore: C = 2 / 8 = 0.25.

[0129] The ratio is less than 0.75, and window crossings occur on both sides of the boundary unit. Therefore, the candidate position at 70 mm is excluded, and the center probe is controlled to retract, so 70 mm is not used as the confirmed thickness.

[0130] In some embodiments, an additional round of candidate positions is set at 100 mm, and the depth window is 98 to 102 mm. This round can belong to an independent model condition, or it can belong to a new round of measurement established after the center probe has actually passed the original obstruction position, without presuming that the probe can necessarily pass through the previous hard object.

[0131] When the fourth unit completes the valid verification first, its trigger position is 100.1 mm, the minimum load is 5.12 N, and the continued penetration under load is 0.18 mm.

[0132] The trigger position of Unit 5 is 100.2 mm, the minimum load holding capacity is 5.06 N, and the further penetration depth is 0.25 mm; the trigger position of Unit 3 is 100.0 mm, the minimum load holding capacity is 5.08 N, and the further penetration depth is 0.22 mm.

[0133] The trigger position for element 6 is 99.9 mm, the minimum load holding capacity is 5.10 N, and the further penetration depth is 0.21 mm; the trigger position for element 2 is 99.8 mm, the minimum load holding capacity is 5.10 N, and the further penetration depth is 0.20 mm; the trigger position for element 7 is 100.3 mm, the minimum load holding capacity is 5.04 N, and the further penetration depth is 0.24 mm. All of the above elements meet the valid verification conditions.

[0134] When the first unit penetrates to 102.5 mm and the eighth unit penetrates to 102.4 mm, and neither of them reaches the verification pressure within the entire window, they respectively constitute the passage through the two side windows.

[0135] Starting with unit 4 as the initial segment, verify units 5, 3, 6, 2, 7, 1, and 8 in sequence. This results in a continuous segment containing units 2 through 7, with a total of 6 consecutive units.

[0136] Further settings were implemented, ensuring that the minimum pressure of each of the six units during the final load test was no less than 25 kPa, and the cumulative maximum subsidence from their original trigger positions did not exceed 0.35 mm; in this case, all units passed the test. At this point: C = 6 / 8 = 0.75.

[0137] This ratio reaches the continuity threshold. The six trigger positions, when ordered, are 99.8, 99.9, 100.0, 100.1, 100.2, and 100.3 mm, with a median value of: z(0,b)=(100.0+100.1) / 2=100.05 mm.

[0138] If the top surface of the sediment is at zero, the axial thickness is 100.05 mm. When the inclination angle is stable at 2 degrees, the vertical thickness is: h = 100.05 × cos(2 degrees) ≈ 99.99 mm.

[0139] In another experimental condition, only units 1, 3, 5, and 7 are valid. Although the total number of valid units is 4, these units are separated by invalid units and cannot be combined into a continuous segment. Therefore, the continuity parameter of the selected initial segment cannot be directly calculated by dividing 4 by 8.

[0140] In another experimental condition, the boundary element settled more than 0.50 mm under load, but no low-pressure window crossing occurred. Even if the current continuous segment has less than 6 elements, it is not directly considered a local hard object accident, but a retest command is generated. This situation can be used to illustrate that the valid state and the window crossing mark have different uses.

[0141] Furthermore, the location tolerance should be determined in conjunction with sensor error, installation calibration error, sampling displacement step distance, and allowable interface fluctuations; the load-holding displacement tolerance and load-holding duration should be determined through comparative tests on sediment, hard objects, and underlying strata; the continuity threshold should be determined in conjunction with the detection ring size, number of zones, and the scale of the hard objects to be excluded. All parameters are fixed before the start of a round of verification, and the desired conclusions are not forced through temporary threshold adjustments.

[0142] The prototype verification can be set up with uniform sediment at a known bottom position, single hard objects of different sizes and eccentricities, multiple hard objects, inclined bottom surfaces, and weak bottom surfaces. Three methods are compared: initial triggering of the central probe, statistical analysis of continuous sections after synchronous acquisition, and bidirectional expansion under load. The number of false confirmations, the number of retests required, the number of loading cycles, the final position deviation, and the displacement changes of existing sections under the new load are recorded.

[0143] This method yields support evidence with finite radius and finite circumferential resolution. Verification may still be possible when large hard objects cover the area within a set range, multiple hard objects form a continuous support, or cemented sediment remains stable under a set load. However, tilting, unevenness, or a weak borehole bottom may prevent the formation of confirmatory results. Therefore, results should be interpreted in conjunction with stratigraphic data, other measuring points, and necessary additional testing methods.

[0144] By fixing the candidate depth window, maintaining existing section loads, implementing bidirectional adjacency expansion, determining effective states, and detecting cross-windows on both sides, the exclusion of candidate positions can be based on traceable peripheral load evidence. Furthermore, maintaining the original trigger position benchmarks for each unit and continuously monitoring cumulative settlement can prevent units that have already become unstable after the addition of new loads from continuing to participate in section determination. The aforementioned physical acquisition, calculation rules, and driving actions together constitute the false trigger exclusion process.

[0145] In some embodiments, the system for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles can run on any computing device, such as a desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, or cloud data center. The computing device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles. The runnable system may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory, and a server cluster.

[0146] An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for removing accidental impact of sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of a system for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps described in the embodiment of the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles. The processor executes the computer program within the following system modules: The measurement and acquisition module is used to measure the penetration amount of the probe into the sediment and acquire the penetration load, and to determine the candidate bearing position based on the response of the increase of the penetration load. The unit acquisition module is used to drive multiple verification units that are arranged around the probe and can move independently along the axis to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position, and to acquire the local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit. The adjacent verification module is used to determine, based on the local penetration load and local penetration position, a group of consecutive adjacent verification units that reach the verification pressure within the depth window, as well as the penetration status of the adjacent verification units at both ends of the group. The control exclusion module is used to exclude the candidate bearing position as a local hard object accidental contact position when the circumferential range of the continuous adjacent verification unit group is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and the adjacent verification units at both outer ends do not reach the verification pressure within the depth window but cross the lower boundary of the window, and control the probe to retract.

[0147] In order to better unify the linear relationship and probabilistic connection between physical quantities with different units of measurement, dimensionless processing can be performed on different physical quantities.

[0148] Preferably, all undefined variables in this invention, if not explicitly defined, can be manually set thresholds.

[0149] The aforementioned system for eliminating accidental contact during the penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles can operate on computing devices such as desktop computers, laptops, handheld computers, and cloud data centers. This system includes, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that the examples described are merely illustrations of a method, system, and device for eliminating accidental contact during the penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles, and do not constitute a limitation on such a method, system, and device. The system may include more or fewer components, combinations of certain components, or different components. For example, the system may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0150] The present invention also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product: An electronic device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in a cast-in-place pile and the methods for each step thereof.

[0151] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in a cast-in-place pile and the steps thereof.

[0152] A computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles and the methods for each step thereof.

[0153] The term "electronic device" is intended to refer to various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. Electronic devices can also refer to various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0154] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0155] The program code used to implement the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a standalone software package partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0156] In the context of this invention, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media can include, but are not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0157] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0158] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as a data server), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., an application server), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with embodiments of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet.

[0159] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. Client-server relationships are created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other.

[0160] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete component gate circuits, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the aforementioned system for preventing accidental contact during the penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles, connecting various sub-areas of the system via various interfaces and lines.

[0161] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or modules. The processor, by running or executing the computer program and / or modules stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory, realizes various functions of the method, system, and equipment for eliminating accidental contact during the penetration of grouting piles. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0162] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0163] This invention provides a method, system, and device for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles. Based on the local penetration load and location, it determines a group of consecutive adjacent verification units that reach the verification pressure within a depth window, as well as the penetration status of adjacent verification units at both ends of this group. When the circumferential range of the group of consecutive adjacent verification units is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both adjacent verification units at both ends have not reached the verification pressure within the depth window but have crossed the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing location is excluded as the location of accidental penetration by a local hard object, and the probe is controlled to retract. This allows for further verification of the surrounding support range and stability after obtaining the candidate obstruction location, and the verification results are used for candidate location selection and subsequent penetration control, thereby reducing the impact of local hard object obstruction on the detection results.

[0164] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for eliminating accidental contact with sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles, characterized in that, The method includes: The penetration depth of the probe into the sediment is measured and the penetration load is collected. The candidate bearing position is determined based on the response to the increase of the penetration load. Multiple verification units, which are arranged around the probe and can move independently along the axis, are driven to penetrate into the depth window corresponding to the candidate bearing position, and the local penetration load and local penetration position of each verification unit are collected. Based on the local penetration load and local penetration location, determine the consecutive adjacent verification unit groups that reach the verification pressure within the depth window, as well as the penetration status of the adjacent verification units at both ends of the group. When the circumferential range of the consecutive adjacent verification unit group is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both outer adjacent verification units do not reach the verification pressure within the depth window but cross the lower boundary of the window, the candidate bearing position is excluded as a local hard object accidental contact position, and the probe is controlled to retract.

2. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position of the top surface of the sediment is determined by the pre-compression plate, and this position is used as the common position reference for the probe and each verification unit. The position of the top surface of the sediment is the position of the lower surface of the pre-compression plate when the displacement change of the pre-compression plate within the preset observation period does not exceed the top surface stability threshold under the action of the preset top surface pre-pressure.

3. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The median value of the penetration load of the probe in the first penetration section is used as the load reference. When the penetration load exceeds the sum of the load reference and the preset load increment and continues to reach the preset trigger duration, the penetration position corresponding to the start of the continuous section is determined as the candidate bearing position.

4. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each verification unit is arranged circumferentially along the annular carrier and is connected to the annular carrier through an axial guide portion; the probe passes through the axial through hole of the annular carrier, and the sum of the end pressure areas of each verification unit is greater than the end pressure area of ​​the probe.

5. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The product of the difference between the concrete density and the mud density in the borehole and the preset initial concrete column height is used as the verification pressure, and the product of this pressure and the pressure-bearing area at the end of each verification unit is used as the verification load of the corresponding verification unit.

6. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local penetration load is obtained by the load sensor in the force path of the corresponding verification unit; the local penetration position is obtained by adding the position of the annular carrier relative to the common position reference, the axial displacement of the corresponding verification unit relative to the annular carrier, and the installation offset.

7. The method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification unit that reaches the verification pressure within the depth window is subjected to load maintenance to obtain the trigger position and the continued penetration amount within the preset load maintenance period; the verification unit whose load maintenance pressure is not lower than the verification pressure, whose absolute value of the difference between the trigger position and the candidate bearing position does not exceed the preset position tolerance, and whose continued penetration amount does not exceed the preset displacement tolerance is determined as a valid verification unit, and the continuous adjacent verification unit group is composed of the valid verification units.

8. A method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, in, Each verification unit is driven by an independent loading mechanism; the first valid verification unit to complete verification is used as the initial carrying segment, and the depth window remains unchanged during this round of verification; While maintaining the local penetration pressure of each verification unit within the current bearing section within the load-bearing range, the adjacent verification units at both ends of the current bearing section are driven to penetrate sequentially along the two circumferential directions. When an adjacent verification unit meets the valid verification unit condition, it is incorporated into the current carrying segment and continues to expand; when an adjacent verification unit completes verification but does not meet the condition, the expansion in the corresponding circumferential direction is terminated, and it is recorded whether it has crossed the lower boundary of the window without reaching the verification pressure within the depth window. After both circumferential expansions have terminated, if the circumferential range of the resulting bearing segment is smaller than the continuous bearing range, and both adjacent verification units on the outer sides have records of crossing the lower boundary of the window, then the candidate bearing position is excluded and the probe is controlled to retract; expansion stops when all verification units are incorporated, and the same verification unit is counted only once.

9. A method for eliminating accidental contact with sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the loading of adjacent verification units, the maximum continued penetration amount of each verification unit in the merged section relative to its original trigger position is continuously obtained; when any of the maximum continued penetration amounts exceeds the preset displacement tolerance, the current round of false trigger judgment is stopped and the verification unit is controlled to revert to retest, and the displacement calculation benchmark of the merged unit is not reset due to the addition of a new unit.

10. A method for eliminating accidental contact during sediment penetration in a cast-in-place pile according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The position of the top surface of the sediment is determined by pre-compression. When the circumferential range of the consecutive adjacent verification unit group reaches the continuous bearing range and the unit in the group passes the load-bearing verification, the median value of the trigger position of the unit in the group is determined as the bottom position of the sediment, and the sediment thickness is determined according to the axial distance between the bottom position of the sediment and the top position of the sediment; the load-bearing verification includes checking that the maximum continued penetration amount of each unit from the original trigger position does not exceed the preset displacement tolerance.

11. A system for removing accidental impact of sediment penetration in cast-in-place piles, characterized in that, The aforementioned system for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles operates on any computing device, such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer, or a cloud data center. The computing device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for eliminating accidental penetration of sediment in cast-in-place piles as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An electronic device, comprising: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

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