Large-span beam mounting structure and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a large-span beam mounting structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of roof structure construction. The large-span beam mounting structure comprises steel columns on two sides, multiple steel beams and multiple sets of supporting devices. The steel columns on each side are provided with corbels. The outer ends of the steel beams on the two outer sides are provided with hinge type connecting plates for being connected and fixed with the corbels on the two sides. Each set of supporting devices comprises an upper disc, multiple balls, a middle disc, a multi-angle height adjusting mechanism and a bottom column. The multiple sets of supporting devices support the outer ends of the steel beams on the two outer sides. The multiple balls are embedded in the bottom surface of the upper disc. The upper surface of the middle disc is provided with a limiting groove, and the multiple balls roll in the limiting groove. The hinge type connecting plates arranged at the end portions of the steel beams on the two outer sides solve the problem of difficult high-altitude installation of large splicing plates. The upper disc rolls in the limiting groove of the middle disc through the balls, so that the end portions of the steel beams can be conveniently aligned with the corbels. The multi-angle height adjusting mechanism adjusts the heights of different positions in the circumferential direction of the middle disc, and precise alignment of the connecting plates and the corbels is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of roof structural component construction technology, specifically designing a large-span beam installation structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for large spaces and long spans in modern public buildings, steel structure systems have been widely used in buildings such as auditoriums, stadiums, and convention centers due to their advantages of high strength and high degree of industrialization. As key load-bearing components in such structures, the installation quality of long-span steel beams directly affects the safety and functionality of the overall structure.

[0003] However, the installation of large-span steel beams has long faced several technical challenges. Firstly, due to transportation limitations, large-span steel beams typically need to be fabricated in sections at the factory, transported to the site, and then assembled and hoisted. Limited by site and equipment, some construction methods employ a segmented hoisting and high-altitude splicing process, where each section of the steel beam is hoisted sequentially to the design elevation, and the connection and welding between the sections are completed at high altitude. This approach presents the following challenges: First, the workload at height is substantial, and the operating space is limited. Construction workers must handle, align, and fix the splicing plates above the steel beams, resulting in high labor intensity and safety risks. Manually lifting and installing large splicing plates at high altitudes is extremely difficult, leading to low installation efficiency and a high risk of falls. Second, the high-altitude welding environment is poor, making it difficult to guarantee weld quality. It is greatly affected by environmental factors such as strong winds and extreme temperatures, easily causing welding deformation and residual stress, affecting connection accuracy and structural load-bearing performance.

[0004] In scenarios where overall hoisting is feasible, some projects employ a ground-based assembly and hoisting process. This involves first erecting an assembly jig at low altitude or on the ground, welding the individual steel beam sections together, and then hoisting them into place all at once. This method significantly reduces the amount of work at height and facilitates quality control. However, this process has the following problems: After all the splice plates are installed on the ground, aligning the splice plates fixed to the ends of the steel beam with the brackets during hoisting requires adjusting the position of the heavy, long steel beam, which is extremely difficult. If the connecting plates at both ends are left for installation at height, the old problems of transporting large components at height and the difficulty of aligning holes reappear.

[0005] To address the challenge of installing large spliced ​​panels, existing technologies employ hinged connection plate structures. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN211898913U discloses a connection structure between a large steel beam and a connecting plate. This structure uses hinges at the ends of the steel beams to hinge the connecting plate to the beam ends. During hoisting, the plate can be rotated and retracted to avoid interference, and then unscrewed for bolt fixation after positioning. This structure solves the transportation and interference problems of the connecting plate to some extent. However, this hinged connection technology still has the following shortcomings: a single hinge provides weak support for heavy connecting plates; during rotation, the connecting plate is prone to shifting, affecting alignment; and when manufacturing errors or hoisting deviations cause spatial angular deviations (such as torsion or tilt) at the connection end faces of the two steel beam sections, the connecting plate cannot adaptively adjust, making it difficult to precisely align the bolt holes. Often, tools such as pry bars are still needed for forceful correction, increasing construction difficulty and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, this application provides a large-span beam installation structure and construction method that can adapt to spatial deviations and achieve rapid and accurate positioning of the connecting plate.

[0007] Firstly, this application proposes a large-span beam installation structure and adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A large-span beam installation structure includes steel columns on both sides, multiple steel beam segments, and multiple sets of support devices. Each steel column on one side is equipped with a corbel. The multiple steel beam segments are interconnected. Hinged connecting plates are provided at the outer ends of the two outer steel beams for connection and fixation to the corbels on both sides.

[0009] Each set of support devices includes an upper plate, multiple ball bearings, a middle plate, a multi-angle height adjustment mechanism, and a base column. The multiple sets of support devices are used to support at least the outer ends of the two outer steel beams.

[0010] The plurality of ball bearings are embedded in the bottom surface of the upper plate. A limiting groove is provided on the upper surface of the middle plate, within which the plurality of ball bearings roll. A multi-angle height adjustment mechanism is installed between the middle plate and the bottom column, used to adjust the height of the middle plate at multiple circumferential positions, ensuring accurate alignment of the hinged connecting plate and the bracket.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the large-span beam is divided into multiple steel beam segments, facilitating transportation. Hinged connecting plates are installed at the ends of the two outer steel beams. These plates can be rotated and retracted during overall hoisting to avoid collisions with the brackets. After positioning, they can be rotated and unfolded for quick connection, solving the problem of difficult high-altitude installation of large spliced ​​panels. The upper plate rolls within the limiting groove of the middle plate via ball bearings, allowing it to move freely in the horizontal plane and easily aligning the ends of the steel beams with the brackets. A multi-angle height adjustment mechanism adjusts the height of the middle plate at different circumferential positions, thereby changing the spatial tilt angle of the upper plate. This compensates for the alignment angle deviation of the steel beam ends relative to the brackets caused by manufacturing errors, temperature deformation, or hoisting deviations, ensuring that the holes on the hinged connecting plates are precisely aligned with the holes on the brackets for insertion of high-strength bolts for connection.

[0012] A preferred configuration of this large-span beam installation structure is as follows: a limiting ring is provided on the upper surface of the middle plate, and the limiting ring has a limiting groove. During the rolling of the plurality of balls within the limiting groove, the distance between the middle plate and the upper plate remains constant. The limiting ring is fitted with a plurality of limiting bolts. Rotating the plurality of limiting bolts causes them to press against the side wall of the upper plate, thereby fixing the upper plate within the middle plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting ring constrains the ball bearings to roll within the limiting groove. The distance between the upper plate and the middle plate remains constant, so that when adjusting the height of the middle plate at different circumferential positions using the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism, it is no longer affected by changes in the distance between the upper and middle plates, facilitating precise and rapid adjustment. After the upper plate moves to the target position with the help of the ball bearings, rotating the limiting bolt tightens it against the side wall of the upper plate, thus fixing the upper plate onto the middle plate. This prevents the steel beam from shifting relative to the middle plate when the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism adjusts the height of the middle plate at different circumferential positions, thus preventing interference with the adjustment.

[0014] A preferred configuration of this large-span beam installation structure is as follows: adjacent steel beams are connected by splice plates, and the splice joints between adjacent steel beams are welded. Positioning rods are provided on the bottom surface of the outer steel beams. Positioning grooves are provided on the upper surface of the upper plate. The positioning rods can be fitted into the positioning grooves. A plurality of ball bearings are disposed around the periphery of the positioning grooves.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, adjacent steel beams are connected by splicing plates and welded joints, resulting in a robust structure. Ball bearings are positioned around the positioning groove to prevent the upper plate from tilting when the steel beams are placed on it.

[0016] A preferred structure of this large-span beam installation structure is as follows: the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism includes a rotary power unit, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a connecting rod, an electromagnetic clutch, a sleeve wheel, a rack, and a wedge. The rotary power unit is installed in the base column, and its output shaft fixes the driving wheel. The driven wheel meshes with the driving wheel. The electromagnetic clutch is installed between the connecting rod and the sleeve wheel; energizing it causes the connecting rod and the sleeve wheel to move synchronously, while de-energizing it disengages the synchronous movement. The sleeve wheel meshes with the rack. The rack connects to the wedge. The wedge is held between the middle plate and the upper surface of the base column. Driving the wedge to move, while keeping the thinner end of the wedge below the middle plate and the thicker end outside the middle plate, changes the height of the middle plate accordingly.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a single rotary power unit, in conjunction with the selective engagement of the electromagnetic clutch, enables one motor to control the movement of one or more wedges at a time. By controlling the rotation angle of the rotary power unit, continuous fine-tuning of the height of multiple angles of the middle plate can be achieved, adapting to the adjustment needs of small height deviations.

[0018] A preferred structure for the large-span beam installation structure is that the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism includes a rotary power unit, a driving wheel, eight driven wheels, eight connecting rods, eight electromagnetic clutches, eight sleeve wheels, four racks, and four wedges.

[0019] Each pair of opposing racks is on the same straight line, and adjacent racks are perpendicular to each other. Each wedge is fixed to the outer end of one of the racks. During the movement of the wedges, the central plate only contacts the wedges.

[0020] The rack has straight teeth on both sides. Each rack has one of the sleeve wheels meshing with its two sides. All eight driven wheels mesh with the driving wheel.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, straight teeth on both sides of the rack mesh with a sleeve wheel. By selecting to drive the sleeve wheels on different sides, the same rack can move in opposite directions, realizing the advancement or retraction of a single wedge, thus raising or lowering the height in that direction. By selectively controlling the on / off state of each electromagnetic clutch, any one or more of the four wedges can be driven independently, and the driving direction can be selected, realizing independent height adjustment of the center plate in eight directions to adjust the tilt posture in eight directions and solve the problem of misalignment angle between the steel beam and the bracket.

[0022] A preferred structure of this large-span beam installation structure is as follows: the hinged connecting plate includes a plate body, a hinge shaft, two ball sleeves, two hinged balls, and two rotating rods. The plate body is mounted on the web of the steel beam via the hinge shaft. The two ball sleeves are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the plate body. The two hinged balls are embedded in the two ball sleeves. One rotating rod connects the upper hinged ball to the outer edge of the upper edge of the plate body, and the other rotating rod connects the lower hinged ball to the outer edge of the lower edge of the plate body. Each ball sleeve has a notch on the side away from the web, and the hinged ball is restricted to rotate in place within the ball sleeve. The centers of the two hinged balls and the hinge shaft are on the same axis. Each ball sleeve also has clearance grooves on both sides of the notch. The plate body can rotate from the web of the steel beam to the web of the corbel, and each rotating rod moves in and out of the clearance groove without contact during the rotation of the plate body.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the plate rotates from a retracted state, fitting the web of the steel beam, to an unfolded state, fitting the web of the corbel, enabling rapid positioning of large connecting plates at high altitudes. The centers of the two hinged balls are coaxial with the hinge axis. During the flipping process, the upper and lower ends of the plate are constrained by the ball hinges, ensuring the plate maintains the correct posture during rotation, allowing it to fit against the webs of the steel beam and the corbel after rotation. The ball sleeve has clearance grooves on both sides of the notch. The rotating rod moves in and out of the clearance grooves without contact during plate rotation, allowing the plate to flip 180° and fit against the corbel's web.

[0024] Secondly, this application proposes a construction method for long-span beams and adopts the following technical solution.

[0025] A construction method for large-span beams, applied to the construction of large-span beam installation structures, includes: The multiple steel beams are assembled and fixed on the ground to obtain a large-span beam.

[0026] The multiple sets of support devices are installed on the ground between the two cow legs.

[0027] The large span beam is lifted and placed on the upper plate of the support device on both sides. The upper plate moves on the middle plate by means of the multiple ball bearings, so that the two ends of the large span beam are aligned with the corbel. Then the upper plate is fixed in the middle plate.

[0028] Flip the hinged connecting plate so that it covers the steel beam and the corbel.

[0029] Based on the alignment of the holes on the hinged connecting plate and the holes on the bracket, the position of the upper plate within the middle plate is finely adjusted, and the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism is activated to adjust the height of the middle plate in multiple directions, so that the holes on the hinged connecting plate are completely aligned with the holes on the bracket.

[0030] Bolts are passed through the holes in the hinged connecting plate and the holes in the bracket, and bolts are also passed through the holes in the hinged connecting plate and the holes in the steel beam, and locked in place, so that the large span beam is fixed to the brackets on both sides.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the support device is initially aligned with the corbel when it is installed on the ground, providing a stable benchmark for the precise positioning of the steel beam. Then, the steel beam and corbel are coarsely aligned by the movement of the ball bearings. Next, the upper plate is locked. Finally, the spatial attitude of the steel beam is finely adjusted by the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism, so as to achieve the precise alignment of the hinged connecting plate of the steel beam and the corbel.

[0032] A construction method for large-span beams is disclosed, applied to the construction of large-span beam installation structures. The method includes eight identical driven wheels, eight identical sleeve wheels, four identical racks, and four identical wedges. Initially, the four wedges and eight sleeve wheels are located on the same circumference.

[0033] With the four wedges located in the east, south, west, and north directions respectively, the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism is activated to adjust the height of the middle plate at multiple angles, so that the holes on the hinged connecting plate are perfectly aligned with the holes on the bracket. The adjustment methods include: To adjust the height of the center plate in the east, south, west, or north direction, the electromagnetic clutch on the rack side in that direction is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit is activated, causing the driving wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels to rotate. This causes the sleeve wheel connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch to rotate actively, causing the rack to move closer to the center of the center plate, which in turn causes the wedge to move inward, thereby raising the height of the center plate in that direction.

[0034] To lower the height of the center plate in the east, south, west, or north direction, the electromagnetic clutch on the other side of the rack in that direction is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit is activated, causing the driving wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels to rotate. This causes the sleeve wheel connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch to rotate actively, causing the rack to move away from the center of the center plate, which in turn causes the wedge to move outward, thereby lowering the height of the center plate in that direction.

[0035] To adjust the height of the center plate in the southeast, northeast, southwest, or northwest direction, the electromagnetic clutches on the same side of the two racks on adjacent sides in that direction are energized, while the other six electromagnetic clutches are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit is activated, causing the driving wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels to rotate. This causes the sleeve wheel connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch to rotate actively, causing the two adjacent racks to move towards the center of the center plate, which in turn causes the two adjacent wedges to move inward, thereby raising the height of the center plate in that direction.

[0036] To lower the height of the center plate in the southeast, northeast, southwest, or northwest direction, the electromagnetic clutches on the same side of the other racks on adjacent sides in that direction are energized, while the other six electromagnetic clutches are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit is activated, causing the driving wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels to rotate. This causes the sleeve wheel connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch to rotate actively, causing the two adjacent racks to move away from the center of the center plate, which in turn causes the two adjacent wedges to move outward, thereby lowering the height of the center plate in that direction.

[0037] To simultaneously raise the height of the center plate in the east direction and lower its height in the west direction, the electromagnetic clutch on the east side of the rack is energized, and the electromagnetic clutch on the west side is energized. Then, the rotary power unit is activated, causing the driving wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels to rotate. This causes the bushing connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch to rotate actively, causing the rack in the east direction to move closer to the center of the center plate, and the rack in the west direction to move away from the center of the center plate, thereby raising the height of the center plate in the east direction and lowering its height in the west direction.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution and selectively controlling the on / off state of each electromagnetic clutch, independent height adjustment of the center plate in eight directions—east, south, west, north, southeast, northeast, southwest, and northwest—can be achieved, covering all possible deviations during steel beam installation. The above adjustment methods are just a few examples; this structure also offers several other adjustment methods. This structure and method uses only one rotary power unit in conjunction with an electromagnetic clutch array to achieve independent control of the four wedge blocks in eight directions of movement, reducing equipment costs while realizing multi-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment.

[0039] In summary, the large-span beam installation structure and construction method of this application have the following beneficial effects: (1) After assembling multiple steel beams into a whole on the ground, they are hoisted into place at one time, transferring a large amount of splicing and welding work from high altitude to the ground, significantly reducing the amount of high-altitude work and safety risks.

[0040] (2) The hinged connecting plate is held in a closed state that fits the web of the steel beam before hoisting to avoid collision through the hinge shaft and double ball joint structure. After being in place, it is rotated 180° to the unfolded state that fits the web of the corbel. The cooperation between the rotating rod and the ball sleeve clearance groove avoids motion interference and improves the positional stability of the hinged connecting plate during rotation, which helps to improve the alignment efficiency and alignment accuracy.

[0041] (3) The multi-angle height adjustment mechanism adopts a transmission architecture with one motor and multiple electromagnetic clutches. By selectively engaging the clutches, the power is distributed to the rollers in different directions as needed. It works with double-sided toothed racks to achieve bidirectional drive. While realizing independent height adjustment in eight directions and multi-angle tilting attitude control, it also reduces equipment costs.

[0042] (4) The ball rolls in the limiting groove and then locks the upper plate to achieve rough alignment of the steel beam position. Then, the spatial posture of the steel beam is precisely adjusted by the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism. The alignment efficiency is high and the alignment accuracy is high, so that the hole position deviation problem that originally required repeated trial lifting and strong correction by pry bar can be solved efficiently and accurately. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a front view of a large-span beam installation structure.

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1 3D image, Figure 2 It indicates and Figure 1 Section line BB at the same location.

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The sectional view after cutting along line BB, with section BB passing through the middle surface of the steel beam.

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of region A.

[0047] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the support device.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the hinged connecting plate connecting the steel beam and the corbel, with a rotating rod hidden.

[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Steel column; 2. Steel beam; 3. Support device; 4. Hinged connecting plate; 11. Bracket; 31. Upper plate; 32. Ball bearing; 33. Middle plate; 34. Multi-angle height adjustment mechanism; 35. Bottom column; 331. Limiting groove; 332. Limiting ring; 333. Limiting bolt; 341. Rotating power unit; 342. Driving wheel; 343. Driven wheel; 344. Connecting rod; 345. Electromagnetic clutch; 346. Sleeve wheel; 347. Rack; 348. Wedge; 41. Plate; 42. Hinge shaft; 43. Ball sleeve; 44. Hinge ball; 45. Rotating rod; 431. Notch; 432. Leaving groove; 21. Positioning rod; 311. Positioning groove; 22. Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A large-span beam installation structure includes steel columns 1 on both sides, multiple steel beams 2, and multiple sets of support devices 3. Each steel column 1 is equipped with a corbel 11. In this embodiment, the multiple steel beams 2 are assembled into an integral large-span beam on the ground. The outer ends of the two outer steel beams 2 are equipped with hinged connecting plates 4, which are used to connect and fix them to the corbels 11 on both sides after the whole structure is hoisted into place.

[0052] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each set of support devices 3 includes an upper plate 31, multiple ball bearings 32, a middle plate 33, a multi-angle height adjustment mechanism 34, and a base column 35. Two sets of support devices 3 can be used to support the outer ends of the two outer steel beams 2, bearing the weight of the steel beam ends and assisting in alignment during the overall hoisting process. If multiple steel beams 2 are selected for splicing and fixing in the air, multiple sets of support devices 3 can be set to support the splicing and fixing between adjacent steel beams 2.

[0053] The upper plate 31, the middle plate 33, and the bottom column 35 are all made of steel to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and rigidity.

[0054] Multiple balls 32 are embedded in the bottom surface of the upper plate 31 and rotate in place. The balls 32 are preferably bearing steel balls. The number and distribution are determined according to the weight of the steel beam. Usually, 4-12 balls are set in each upper plate and are evenly arranged in a ring.

[0055] like Figure 5The upper plate 31 is annular. A circular limiting ring 332 is provided on the upper surface of the annular middle plate 33. The limiting ring 332 contains a limiting groove 331. As multiple identical balls 32 roll within the limiting groove 331, the distance between the middle plate 33 and the upper plate 31 remains constant because the bottom of the limiting groove 331 is flat. The balls 32 serve as the rolling medium between the upper plate 31 and the middle plate 33, enabling adaptive adjustment of the planar position of the steel beam end placed on the upper plate 31 to align with the bracket 11.

[0056] Multiple limiting bolts 333 are installed on the limiting ring 332. The limiting bolts 333 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the limiting ring 332, preferably 3-12. By rotating the limiting bolts 333 so that their ends abut against the side wall of the upper plate 31, the upper plate 31 can be fixed on the middle plate 33, preventing the upper plate from moving accidentally during subsequent attitude adjustment and installation of connecting plate bolts.

[0057] A multi-angle height adjustment mechanism 34 is installed between the middle plate 33 and the base column 35. Part of the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism 34 can be installed in the base column 35 to adjust the height of the middle plate 33 at multiple circumferential positions, so that the hinged connecting plate 4 and the bracket 11 are accurately aligned. The base column 35 is preferably made of round tube steel structure, and its bottom is provided with a flange, which is fixedly connected to the ground foundation by anchor bolts.

[0058] The multi-angle height adjustment mechanism 34 includes a rotary power unit 341, a driving wheel 342, eight identical driven wheels 343, eight identical connecting rods 344, eight identical electromagnetic clutches 345, eight identical sleeve wheels 346, four identical racks 347, and four identical wedges 348. The rotary power unit 341 is preferably a servo motor or a stepper motor, mounted inside the cavity of the base column 35. The output shaft of the rotary power unit 341 is fixed to the driving wheel 342.

[0059] All eight driven wheels 343 mesh with the driving wheel 342, and when the driving wheel 342 rotates, it drives all eight driven wheels 343 to rotate synchronously.

[0060] Each driven wheel 343 is connected to a sleeve wheel 346 via a connecting rod 344. The eight driven wheels 343 and eight sleeve wheels 346 are connected one-to-one via eight connecting rods 344. An electromagnetic clutch 345 is installed between the upper end of the connecting rod 344 and the sleeve wheels 346. When the electromagnetic clutch 345 is energized, the connecting rod 344 and the sleeve wheels 346 rotate synchronously; when the electromagnetic clutch 345 is de-energized, the synchronous rotation relationship between the connecting rod 344 and the sleeve wheels 346 is released.

[0061] The rack 347 is a double-sided straight rack, meaning that both sides of the rack 347 have the same straight tooth pattern. Each side of the rack 347 meshes with a sleeve wheel 346. The eight sleeve wheels 346 are divided into four groups, with two sleeve wheels in each group meshing with the two sides of the same rack 347.

[0062] Four racks 347 are arranged in a cross shape, with every two opposite racks 347 on the same straight line and adjacent racks 347 perpendicular to each other. A wedge 348 is connected to the outer end of each rack 347.

[0063] The wedge 348 is clamped between the upper surfaces of the middle plate 33 and the bottom post 35. The cross-section of the wedge 348 is a right-angled triangle or trapezoid, with a thin end and a thick end. Initially, the thin end of the wedge 348 is located below the middle plate 33, and the thick end is located outside the middle plate 33. When the wedge 348 is moved, causing the thick end to gradually enter below the middle plate 33, the height of the middle plate 33 increases accordingly; conversely, when the wedge 348 gradually retracts, the height of the middle plate 33 decreases.

[0064] During the movement of the drive wedge 348, the middle plate 33 only contacts the wedge 348 and not other transmission components such as the rack 347, the sleeve wheel 346, or the connecting rod 344, making the height adjustment in each direction independent. Furthermore, during the movement of the drive wedge 348, the thinner end of the wedge 348 is always located below the middle plate 33, and the thicker end is always located outside the middle plate 33.

[0065] Taking the four wedges 348 located in the east, south, west and north directions as an example, the movement direction of each wedge 348 is along the axis of the rack 347 it is located in. That is, the east-facing wedge moves in the east-west direction, the south-facing wedge moves in the north-south direction, and so on.

[0066] refer to Figure 6 The steel beam 2 is an I-beam, including a vertical web and flanges fixed vertically to the upper and lower ends of the web, as well as vertical stiffeners 22 that connect the upper and lower flanges horizontally.

[0067] The corbel 11 is also an I-beam, including a vertical web and flanges that are vertically fixed to the upper and lower ends of the web, as well as vertical stiffeners that connect the upper and lower flanges horizontally.

[0068] The hinged connecting plate 4 includes a plate body 41, a hinge shaft 42, two ball sleeves 43, two hinge balls 44, and two rotating rods 45. The plate body 41 is mounted on the web of the steel beam 2 via the hinge shaft 42.

[0069] Two ball sleeves 43 are fixed to the web plate, spaced at the upper and lower ends of the plate 41. Each ball sleeve 43 has a notch 431 on the side away from the web plate, and clearance grooves 432 are formed on both sides of the notch 431. Two hinged balls 44 are embedded in the two ball sleeves 43. The upper rotating rod 45 connects the upper hinged ball 44 to the outer edge of the upper edge of the plate 41, and the lower rotating rod 45 connects the lower hinged ball 44 to the outer edge of the lower edge of the plate 41. The centers of the two hinged balls 44 are on the same axis as the hinge axis 42. The plate 41 can rotate 180° from the retracted position of the web plate of the steel beam 2 to the unfolded position of the web plate of the corbel 11. During the rotation of the plate 41, the rotating rod 45 follows the rotation of the plate 41 and passes through the notch 431 and clearance groove 432 without contact, so that the 180° rotation of the plate 41 is not interfered with by the ball sleeves 43.

[0070] The plate 41 has multiple bolt holes. Some of these bolt holes can be aligned with the bolt holes at the ends of the steel beam 2, while others can be aligned with the bolt holes on the web of the corbel 11. These bolt holes are used to insert high-strength bolts and lock them in place after the plate 41 is rotated into position, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the steel beam 2 and the corbel 11.

[0071] Optionally, a positioning rod 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the outer steel beam 2. A positioning groove 311 is provided on the upper surface of the upper plate 31. Multiple balls 32 are provided around the positioning groove 311.

[0072] The webs of adjacent steel beams 2 are connected by a planar splicing plate, and the splicing joints of the web and flange plates on the other side of the planar splicing plate between adjacent steel beams 2 are welded to obtain a large-span beam.

[0073] The construction method for large-span beams will be described in detail below, taking into account the above structure.

[0074] The first step is ground assembly: Multiple steel beam segments 2 are assembled and fixed on a ground assembly jig to form a complete large-span beam. During assembly, the elevation of each support point on the jig is adjusted according to the design and construction pre-camber. Each steel beam segment 2 is then hoisted onto the jig, aligned, and the flat splicing plate is installed and secured with bolts. Next, the flange butt joints and web butt joints are welded to form the complete large-span beam. After welding, the welds undergo non-destructive testing; if they pass, the next step is performed.

[0075] The second step is to install the support devices: Install two sets of support devices 3 on the ground between the two corbels 11. During installation, first determine the planar position of the support devices 3 according to the position of the corbels 11, and then fix the base column 35 to the ground foundation through the flange.

[0076] The third step is hoisting and positioning: The assembled large-span beam is lifted using lifting equipment and slowly lowered onto the upper plate 31 of the support devices 3 on both sides. If the bottom surface of the steel beam 2 is equipped with positioning rods 21, these rods will insert into the positioning grooves 311 of the upper plate 31 during the lowering process. Subsequently, the upper plate 31 rolls within the limiting grooves 331 of the middle plate 33 using multiple ball bearings 32, further self-adjusting the position of the steel beam 2's end until the end of the steel beam 2 is approximately aligned with the corbel 11 in planar position. Then, the limiting bolts 333 are rotated to fix the upper plate 31 onto the middle plate 33, achieving rough horizontal alignment of the steel beam 2.

[0077] Step 4: Flip the hinged connecting plate: Rotate the hinged connecting plate 4 180° around the hinge axis 42 from the retracted position where it is attached to the web of the steel beam 2 to the unfolded position where it is attached to the web of the corbel 11. During the flipping process, the rotating rod 45 moves in and out of the clearance groove 432 of the ball sleeve 43 without contact, and the flipping action is smooth. After flipping into place, the plate 41 simultaneously covers the web of the steel beam 2 and the web of the corbel 11, and the bolt holes on the plate 41 are initially aligned with the bolt holes at the ends of the steel beam 2 and on the web of the corbel 11. Based on the horizontal positional deviation between the bolt holes on the plate 41 and the bolt holes on the web of the corbel 11, the position of the limiting bolt 333 is finely adjusted, and the position of the steel beam 2 is finely adjusted with the help of the ball bearing 32.

[0078] Step 5, Posture Fine-tuning: Based on the tilt and height deviations between the bolt holes on the hinged connecting plate 4 and the bolt holes on the web of the bracket 11, the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism 34 is activated to adjust the height of the middle plate 33 in the corresponding direction. By controlling the on / off combinations of electromagnetic clutches 345 in different directions, one or more racks 347 and wedges 348 are selectively driven to move, causing the middle plate 33 to rise or fall in the corresponding direction, ultimately ensuring that the bolt holes on the hinged connecting plate 4 and the bolt holes on the bracket 11 are perfectly aligned.

[0079] Step 6, Bolt Fixing: Use high-strength bolts to pass through the bolt holes on the plate 41 and the bolt holes on the web of the corbel 11, and use high-strength bolts to pass through the bolt holes on the plate 41 and the bolt holes at the ends of the steel beam 2. Perform initial tightening and final tightening according to the design torque to fix the large-span beam to the corbels 11 on both sides. After the bolt installation is completed, conduct an acceptance inspection of the joint.

[0080] The following are some methods for fine-tuning the posture in step five.

[0081] In the initial state, the four wedges 348 are located on the same circumference, and the eight wheels 346 are also on the same circumference. The four wedges 348 are located in the east, south, west, and north directions, respectively.

[0082] To adjust the height of the center plate 33 in a certain direction (east, south, west, or north), energize the electromagnetic clutch 345 on the corresponding side of the rack 347 in that direction, while de-energizing the other seven electromagnetic clutches 345, and then start the rotary power unit 341.

[0083] Taking raising the height in the east direction as an example: The electromagnetic clutch 345 that drives the east-direction rack 347 to move closer to the center of the central plate 33 is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches 345 are de-energized. The rotary power unit 341 is activated, causing the driving wheel 342 to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels 343 to rotate synchronously. Among the eight driven wheels 343, only the sleeve wheel 346 connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch 345 receives power and rotates actively. This sleeve wheel 346 meshes with one side of the east-direction rack 347, driving the rack 347 to move closer to the center of the central plate 33. The rack 347 drives the wedge block 348 at its outer end to move inward, and the thick end of the wedge block 348 gradually enters below the central plate 33, raising the east-direction height of the central plate 33.

[0084] It should be noted that when the sleeve 346 connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch 345 rotates, the sleeve 346 on the other side of the rack 347 is driven by the rack 347 and rotates passively. The sleeves on both sides of the rack 347 rotate in opposite directions, and the sleeve 346 on the other side does not hinder the movement of the rack 347.

[0085] To lower the height in the east direction, the electromagnetic clutch 345 that drives the east-direction rack 347 to move away from the center of the central plate 33 is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches 345 are de-energized. The rotary power unit 341 is activated, causing the drive wheel 342 to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels 343 to rotate synchronously. Of the eight driven wheels 343, only the sleeve wheel 346 connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch 345 receives power and rotates actively. The sleeve wheel 346 drives the rack 347 to move away from the center of the central plate 33, causing the wedge block 348 to retract outwards. The thick end of the wedge block 348 gradually moves away from below the central plate 33, thus lowering the height of the central plate 33 in that east direction.

[0086] To adjust the height of the mid-plate 33 in the west, south, and north directions, the principle is the same as the principle for adjusting the height of the mid-plate 33 in the east direction. Simply adjust the energized electromagnetic clutch 345 accordingly.

[0087] To adjust the height of the high plate 33 in the southeast direction, simultaneously energize the electromagnetic clutches 345 on the same side (e.g., the right side of both racks) of the east and south racks 347, while de-energizing the other six electromagnetic clutches 345. After starting the rotary power unit 341, the two wedges 348 in the east and south directions move inward simultaneously, working together to raise the height of the high plate 33 in the southeast direction. Similarly, the heights in the northeast, southwest, and northwest directions can be adjusted. To lower the height in the southeast direction, simultaneously energize the electromagnetic clutches 345 on the other side (e.g., the left side of both racks) of the east and south racks 347.

[0088] To simultaneously adjust the height of the middle plate 33 in the east direction and lower its height in the west direction, the electromagnetic clutch 345 on one side of the east-facing rack 347 (e.g., the right side of the rack) is energized, and the electromagnetic clutch 345 on the other side of the west-facing rack 347 (e.g., the left side of the rack) is energized, while the remaining six electromagnetic clutches 345 remain de-energized. After starting the rotary power unit 341, the east-facing wedge 348 moves inward, and the west-facing wedge 348 moves outward, causing the middle plate 33 to rise in the east direction and lower in the west direction, thus adjusting its tilt posture. Similarly, this structure can also simultaneously adjust the height of the middle plate 33 in the southeast direction and lower its height in the northwest direction, and so on.

[0089] By combining the on / off states of the various electromagnetic clutches 345, the height of the middle plate 33 can be adjusted in multiple directions to regulate its tilt and height, ensuring complete alignment of the bolt holes on the hinged connecting plate 4 with the bolt holes on the web of the bracket 11. The large-span beam installation structure and construction method of this application can adapt to spatial deviations between the hinged connecting plate and the bracket, achieving rapid and precise alignment of the connecting plate, thus improving structural strength and construction efficiency.

[0090] Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A large-span beam installation structure, characterized in that, It includes steel columns (1) on both sides, multiple steel beams (2) and multiple sets of support devices (3); each steel column (1) on each side is provided with a bracket (11); the multiple steel beams (2) are used to connect with each other; the outer ends of the steel beams (2) on both sides are provided with hinged connecting plates (4) for connecting and fixing with the brackets (11) on both sides. Each set of the support devices (3) includes an upper plate (31), multiple ball bearings (32), a middle plate (33), a multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34), and a bottom column (35); the multiple sets of support devices (3) are used to support at least the outer ends of the two outer steel beams (2); The plurality of ball bearings (32) are embedded in the bottom surface of the upper plate (31); the upper surface of the middle plate (33) is provided with a limiting groove (331), and the plurality of ball bearings (32) roll in the limiting groove (331); the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34) is installed between the middle plate (33) and the bottom column (35) to adjust the height of the middle plate (33) at multiple circumferential positions, so that the hinged connecting plate (4) and the bracket (11) are accurately aligned.

2. The large-span beam installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the middle plate (33) is provided with a limiting ring (332), and the limiting ring (332) has a limiting groove (331); during the rolling process of the multiple balls (32) in the limiting groove (331), the distance between the middle plate (33) and the upper plate (31) remains unchanged; the limiting ring (332) is equipped with multiple limiting bolts (333); the multiple limiting bolts (333) are rotated to push against the side wall of the upper plate (31), so that the upper plate (31) is fixed in the middle plate (33).

3. The large-span beam installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjacent steel beams (2) are connected by splicing plates and the splicing seams between adjacent steel beams (2) are welded; a positioning rod (21) is provided on the bottom surface of the outer steel beam (2); a positioning groove (311) is provided on the upper surface of the upper plate (31); the positioning rod (21) can be adapted to be inserted into the positioning groove (311); the multiple balls (32) are arranged around the positioning groove (311).

4. The large-span beam installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34) includes a rotary power unit (341), a driving wheel (342), a driven wheel (343), a connecting rod (344), an electromagnetic clutch (345), a sleeve wheel (346), a rack (347), and a wedge (348); the rotary power unit (341) is installed in the base column (35), and the output shaft of the rotary power unit (341) fixes the driving wheel (342); the driven wheel (343) meshes with the driving wheel (342); the electromagnetic clutch (345) is installed on the connecting rod (344) and the sleeve wheel (346). When power is applied between the connecting rod (344) and the sleeve wheel (346), the synchronous movement relationship is released when power is de-energized; the sleeve wheel (346) meshes with the rack (347); the rack (347) connects to the wedge (348); the wedge (348) is held by the upper surfaces of the middle plate (33) and the bottom column (35); the wedge (348) is driven to move, and the thin end of the wedge (348) is kept below the middle plate (33) and the thick end is outside the middle plate (33), so the height of the middle plate (33) changes accordingly.

5. The large-span beam installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34) includes a rotary power unit (341), a driving wheel (342), eight driven wheels (343), eight connecting rods (344), eight electromagnetic clutches (345), eight sleeve wheels (346), four racks (347), and four wedges (348). Each pair of opposing racks (347) are on the same straight line, and adjacent racks (347) are perpendicular to each other; each wedge (348) is fixed to the outer end of a rack (347); during the process of driving the wedge (348) to move, the middle plate (33) only contacts the wedge (348). The rack (347) has straight teeth on both sides; each rack (347) meshes with a sleeve wheel (346) on both sides; and all eight driven wheels (343) mesh with the driving wheel (342).

6. The large-span beam installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinged connecting plate (4) includes a plate body (41), a hinge shaft (42), two ball sleeves (43), two hinge balls (44), and two rotating rods (45); the plate body (41) is mounted on the web of the steel beam (2) via the hinge shaft (42); the two ball sleeves (43) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the plate body (41); the two hinge balls (44) are embedded in the two ball sleeves (43); one rotating rod (45) connects the upper hinge ball (44) to the upper outer edge of the plate body (41), and the other rotating rod (45) connects the lower hinge ball (44) to the upper outer edge of the plate body (41). The lower edge of the plate (41) is at the outer end; each of the ball sleeves (43) has a notch (431) on the side away from the web, and the hinge ball (44) is restricted to rotate in place within the ball sleeve (43); the center of the two hinge balls (44) and the hinge axis (42) are on the same axis; each of the ball sleeves (43) also has a clearance groove (432) on both sides of the notch (431); the plate (41) can rotate from the web of the steel beam (2) to the web of the corbel (11), and each of the rotating rods (45) enters and exits the clearance groove (432) without contact during the rotation of the plate (41).

7. A construction method for a large-span beam, applied to the construction of the large-span beam installation structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The multiple steel beams (2) are assembled and fixed on the ground to obtain a large-span beam; The multiple sets of support devices (3) are installed on the ground between the two cow legs (11); The large span beam is lifted and placed on the upper plate (31) of the support device (3) on both sides. The upper plate (31) moves on the middle plate (33) by means of the multiple balls (32) so that the two ends of the large span beam are aligned with the corbel (11). Then the upper plate (31) is fixed in the middle plate (33). Flip the hinged connecting plate (4) so ​​that the hinged connecting plate (4) covers the steel beam (2) and the corbel (11); Based on the alignment of the holes on the hinged connecting plate (4) and the holes on the bracket (11), the position of the upper plate (31) in the middle plate (33) is finely adjusted, and the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34) is activated to adjust the height of the middle plate (33) in multiple directions, so that the holes on the hinged connecting plate (4) are completely aligned with the holes on the bracket (11); Bolts are passed through the holes in the hinged connecting plate (4) and the bracket (11), and bolts are passed through the holes in the hinged connecting plate (4) and the steel beam (2) and locked, so that the large span beam is fixed on the brackets (11) on both sides.

8. A construction method for a large-span beam, applied to the construction of the large-span beam installation structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The eight driven wheels (343) are the same, the eight sleeve wheels (346) are the same, the four racks (347) are the same, and the four wedges (348) are the same; in the initial state, the four wedges (348) are located on the same circumference, and the eight sleeve wheels (346) are on the same circumference; With the four wedges (348) located in the east, south, west, and north respectively, the multi-angle height adjustment mechanism (34) is activated to adjust the height of the middle plate (33) at multiple angles so that the hole on the hinged connecting plate (4) is completely aligned with the hole on the bracket (11). The adjustment methods include: To adjust the height of the middle plate (33) in the east, south, west or north direction, the electromagnetic clutch (345) on the side of the rack (347) in that direction is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches (345) are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit (341) is started, causing the driving wheel (342) to rotate, which drives the eight driven wheels (343) to rotate, causing the sleeve wheel (346) connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch (345) to rotate actively, causing the rack (347) to move towards the center of the middle plate (33), which in turn causes the wedge (348) to move inward, thereby raising the height of the middle plate (33) in that direction. To lower the height of the center plate (33) in the east, south, west, or north direction, the electromagnetic clutch (345) on the other side of the rack (347) in that direction is energized, while the other seven electromagnetic clutches (345) are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit (341) is activated, causing the driving wheel (342) to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels (343) to rotate, causing the sleeve wheel (346) connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch (345) to rotate actively. This causes the rack (347) to move away from the center of the center plate (33), which in turn drives the wedge (348) to move outward, thereby lowering the height of the center plate (33) in that direction. To raise the height of the middle plate (33) in the southeast, northeast, southwest or northwest direction, the electromagnetic clutch (345) on the same side of the two racks (347) on adjacent sides in that direction is energized, while the other six electromagnetic clutches (345) are de-energized. Then the rotary power unit (341) is started, causing the driving wheel (342) to rotate, which drives the eight driven wheels (343) to rotate, causing the sleeve wheel (346) connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch (345) to rotate actively, so that the two adjacent racks (347) move towards the center of the middle plate (33), which drives the two adjacent wedges (348) to move inward, thereby raising the height of the middle plate (33) in that direction. To lower the height of the central plate (33) in the southeast, northeast, southwest, or northwest direction, the electromagnetic clutches (345) on the same side of the two racks (347) on adjacent sides in that direction are energized, while the other six electromagnetic clutches (345) are de-energized. Then, the rotary power unit (341) is started, causing the driving wheel (342) to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels (343) to rotate, causing the sleeve wheel (346) connected to the energized electromagnetic clutches (345) to rotate actively. This causes the two adjacent racks (347) to move away from the center of the central plate (33), which in turn drives the two adjacent wedges (348) to move outward, thereby lowering the height of the central plate (33) in that direction. To simultaneously raise the height of the central plate (33) in the east direction and lower its height in the west direction, the electromagnetic clutch (345) on the east side of the rack (347) is energized, and the electromagnetic clutch (345) on the west side is energized. Then, the rotary power unit (341) is activated, causing the driving wheel (342) to rotate, which in turn drives the eight driven wheels (343) to rotate, causing the sleeve wheel (346) connected to the energized electromagnetic clutch (345) to rotate actively. This causes the rack (347) in the east direction to move closer to the center of the central plate (33), and the rack (347) in the west direction to move away from the center of the central plate (33), thereby raising the height of the central plate (33) in the east direction and lowering its height in the west direction.

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