An expandable folded angle truss roof structure and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an extensible folded-angle truss roof structure, which comprises multiple folded-angle trusses arranged in parallel and at intervals along the main stress direction of a building and used for bearing vertical load, and the two folded-angle trusses are connected through cross supports, and the bottom of the folded-angle truss is supported by multiple frame columns; the folded-angle truss comprises a transverse truss, a vertical truss, shoulder trusses, a waist truss and side wing trusses, one vertical truss is connected to the bottom of the transverse truss through two shoulder trusses, and the side wing trusses are connected to the bottom of the vertical truss through the waist truss; and the construction method comprises the following steps: step one, BIM digital pre-rehearsal and modularization splitting; step two, factory modularization precise prefabrication shape control; step three, on-site benchmark precise positioning; step four, layered alignment adaptive assembly; and step five, piece-by-piece expansion overall reinforcement. The application improves the indoor space utilization rate, eliminates the problem of indoor space depression, takes into account the building modeling and space use effect, and has the properties of extensibility and reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large-span steel structure technology in civil engineering, specifically to an expandable angled truss roof structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, irregular and large-span roofs are increasingly common in large public buildings. Existing roofs mostly adopt conventional truss, space frame, and double-layer split structure systems, which are arranged continuously as a whole and rely on the tension and compression of the upper and lower chords for load bearing.

[0003] For areas with limited clearance, such as partial elevation changes, protruding shapes, and areas with restricted clearance like swimming pools and equipment hangars, traditional structures present the following technical challenges: Conventional double-layered roofs require separate primary and secondary structures with vertical connectors, resulting in complex components, heavy structural weight, high steel consumption, and poor economic efficiency. Furthermore, the lower continuous structure encroaches on effective interior clearance, creating a cramped interior space and hindering architectural adaptability. More critically, existing fixed truss roofs are monolithic structures lacking structural expansion and modification redundancy. If functional upgrades or increased clearance requirements occur after the building is in use, traditional structures cannot be modified in situ for height increases; they must be completely demolished and rebuilt, significantly increasing engineering and maintenance costs.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application proposes an expandable angled truss roof structure and its supporting construction method. The convex-shaped angled spatial truss structure adapts to localized building elevations and irregular protrusions. The use of square-round tube conversion nodes and flange assembly connections ensures reliable overall force transmission and structural rigidity. Furthermore, relying on the pre-reserved expansion conditions of the vertical truss, standard truss units can be inserted later to upgrade the vertical clearance. This approach solves the technical problems of traditional roofs being non-expandable, difficult to modify, and lacking reusability, while meeting the requirements for large spans, irregular shapes, and clearance in buildings, and controlling construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an expandable angled truss roof structure and its construction method, which solves the technical problems of traditional roofs being non-expandable, difficult to modify, and having poor reusability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An expandable angled truss roof structure is provided above the raised area of ​​the building space or above the protruding shape area. The structure is characterized by: multiple angled trusses arranged parallel to and at intervals along the main force direction of the building to bear vertical loads, with two connected angled trusses connected by cross bracing, and the bottom of the angled trusses supported by multiple frame columns. The angled truss includes a horizontal truss, a vertical truss, a shoulder truss, a waist truss, and a side wing truss. At the bottom of the horizontal truss, a vertical truss is connected to each of the two shoulder trusses. At the bottom of the vertical truss, a side wing truss is connected to each of the waist trusses, forming a convex spatial structure.

[0007] Preferably, the transverse truss includes an upper chord and a lower chord, and the transverse truss bends upward at the connection between the transverse truss and the shoulder truss, with the horizontal angle at the bend being in the range of 60° to 120°.

[0008] Preferably, the shoulder truss includes multiple upper corner frames, one end of which is connected to the transverse truss via an upper circular tube, and the other end of which is also connected to the vertical truss via an upper circular tube.

[0009] Preferably, the waist truss includes multiple lower corner frames, one end of which is connected to the vertical truss via a lower circular tube, and the other end is also connected to the side wing truss via a lower circular tube.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical truss is welded from truss chords, and flanges are welded to the ends of the truss chords, which are connected to the shoulder truss or the waist truss.

[0011] Preferably, the upper corner frame is formed by two upper tubes connected vertically, and the end of the upper tube is welded to the upper round tube through an upper end plate. The length of the upper tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the upper round tube, and the wall thickness of the upper tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the upper round tube.

[0012] Preferably, the lower corner bracket is formed by two lower tubes connected vertically, and the end of the lower tube is welded to the lower circular tube through a lower end plate. The length of the lower tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the lower circular tube, and the wall thickness of the lower tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the lower circular tube.

[0013] A construction method for an scalable angled truss roof structure includes the following steps: Step 1: BIM Digital Pre-simulation and Modular Decomposition: Based on the roof shape of the raised area and protruding shape area of ​​the building, a three-dimensional BIM model is established to simulate the entire construction process; according to the main force direction of the building, the overall angled truss roof is divided into multiple angled trusses, and the pre-deformation construction parameters of the 60° to 120° bending angle of the transverse trusses are preset simultaneously. Step 2: Precision prefabrication and shape control in the factory: The horizontal trusses are bent and shaped using a jig to maintain their shape and prevent springback; the upper and lower corner frames are prefabricated, and the upper corner frames are connected to the upper round tubes, and the lower corner frames are connected to the lower round tubes; the vertical trusses are formed by welding truss chords and are precisely connected to the shoulder trusses and waist trusses. Step 3: Precise positioning of on-site benchmarks: Establish a three-dimensional construction control network, accurately mark the axis, elevation, and column top support positions of multiple frame columns, and unify the installation spacing and parallelism benchmarks of multiple angled trusses; Step 4, Layered Alignment and Adaptive Assembly: A bottom-up layered assembly process is adopted. First, the vertical trusses are hoisted into position and fixed to the top of the frame columns; then, the waist trusses and side wing trusses are aligned and assembled sequentially; subsequently, the shoulder trusses are connected and installed; finally, the transverse trusses are hoisted and precisely aligned with the top of the shoulder trusses. Step 5: Expand and reinforce the whole structure segment by segment: After the assembly and adjustment of a single angle truss is completed and temporarily fixed, immediately install cross supports between two adjacent angle trusses to form a stable spatial force unit; follow the assembly and reinforcement of each segment in a sequential construction method to complete the installation and fixing of all angle trusses in turn. Step Six: Overall Inspection, Correction and Acceptance: Conduct non-destructive testing on all flange connection nodes and square and round tube welding nodes of the transverse trusses, vertical trusses, shoulder trusses, waist trusses and side wing trusses. Verify the bending angle of the transverse trusses, the installation spacing of each corner truss, the overall roof elevation and shape dimensions, correct minor construction deformations, and complete the overall roof structure forming acceptance.

[0014] In this invention, angled trusses are arranged along the main load-bearing direction of the building to bear vertical loads, realizing the large-span load-bearing and expansion requirements of the roof. A convex-shaped overall spatial structure is formed by combining shoulder trusses and waist trusses, extending upwards only locally at the angled locations in areas where the building's clear height needs to be increased, eliminating the need for raising the entire roof or setting up a traditional double-layered split structure. Compared to the traditional method of raising the entire roof and arranging primary and secondary structures in layers, this effectively avoids the problems of redundant components and large steel consumption, significantly improves the utilization rate of indoor space, eliminates the problem of oppressive indoor space, balances architectural form and spatial usage effects, and greatly reduces project costs.

[0015] A dedicated transition node structure for converting round tubes to square tubes is set at the corner of the truss. The upper and lower corner frames work together with the upper and lower round tubes to form a transition structure, which effectively solves the problems of stress concentration and poor moment transmission at irregular corners. This significantly improves the structural stiffness and integrity of the transition area, ensures uniform load transmission and stable stress on the large-span roof, and enhances the overall safety reserve of the structure.

[0016] When the building's functionality is upgraded or the required ceiling height is increased in the later stages, vertical trusses can be directly inserted in the original position in the vertical bending section to extend the vertical height of the roof without the need for overall demolition and reconstruction. This greatly reduces the cost of later renovation, operation and maintenance upgrades, and significantly improves the versatility, adaptability and reuse life of the steel structure roof.

[0017] This application, combined with modular prefabrication, layered alignment assembly, and segment-by-segment expansion and reinforcement construction methods, enables standardized mass production in factories and precise and rapid on-site assembly. It effectively controls welding deformation at nodes and the accuracy of corner forming, reduces the risks of high-altitude operations, and shortens the construction period. While ensuring the structural mechanical performance and shape accuracy, it further improves the economic efficiency and construction quality of the project. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Overall structural diagram of the invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the angled truss steel structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waist truss structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shoulder truss structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Angle truss; 2. Cross bracing; 3. Frame column; 11. Horizontal truss; 12. Vertical truss; 13. Shoulder truss; 14. Waist truss; 15. Side wing truss; 131. Upper corner frame; 132. Upper round tube; 141. Lower corner frame; 142. Lower round tube. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figures 1-5 The diagram shows an expandable angled truss roof structure, which is set above the raised area of ​​the building space or above the protruding shape area. It includes multiple angled trusses 1 arranged parallel to and at intervals along the main force direction of the building to bear vertical loads. Two angled trusses 1 are connected by cross bracing 2, and the bottom of the angled trusses 1 is supported by multiple frame columns 3.

[0021] The angled truss 1 includes a horizontal truss 11, a vertical truss 12, a shoulder truss 13, a waist truss 14, and a side wing truss 15. At the bottom of the horizontal truss 11, a vertical truss 12 is connected to each of the two shoulder trusses 13. At the bottom of the vertical truss 12, a side wing truss 15 is connected to the waist truss 14, forming a convex spatial structure.

[0022] The transverse truss 11 includes an upper chord and a lower chord. At the connection between the transverse truss 11 and the shoulder truss 13, the transverse truss 11 bends upward, and the horizontal angle at the bend is in the range of 60° to 120°.

[0023] The shoulder truss 13 includes multiple upper corner frames 131. One end of the upper corner frame 131 is connected to the transverse truss 11 through an upper round tube 132, and the other end is also connected to the vertical truss 12 through an upper round tube 132.

[0024] The waist truss 14 includes multiple lower corner frames 141. One end of each lower corner frame 141 is connected to the vertical truss 12 via a lower circular tube 142, and the other end is also connected to the side wing truss 15 via a lower circular tube 142.

[0025] The vertical truss 12 is welded from truss chords, and flanges are welded to the ends of the truss chords. The flanges are connected to the shoulder truss 13 or the waist truss 14.

[0026] The upper corner bracket 131 is formed by two upper tubes connected vertically. The end of the upper tube is welded to the upper round tube 132 through an upper end plate. The length of the upper tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the upper round tube 132, and the wall thickness of the upper tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the upper round tube 132.

[0027] The lower corner bracket 141 is formed by two lower tubes connected vertically. The end of the lower tube is welded to the lower circular tube 142 through a lower end plate. The length of the lower tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the lower circular tube 142, and the wall thickness of the lower tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the lower circular tube 142.

[0028] Step 1: BIM Digital Pre-simulation and Modular Decomposition: Based on the roof shape of the elevated and protruding areas of the building, a 3D BIM model is established to simulate the entire construction process, avoiding collisions and force interference between members; according to the main force direction of the building, the overall angled truss roof is divided into multiple sets of interchangeable and expandable angled truss 1 standard modules. Each set of angled truss 1 is independently divided into five sub-modules: horizontal truss 11, vertical truss 12, shoulder truss 13, waist truss 14, and side wing truss 15. Simultaneously, the pre-deformation construction parameters of the 160° to 120° bending angle of the horizontal truss 1 are preset.

[0029] Step 2: Precision Prefabrication and Shape Control in the Factory: Each truss module is prefabricated in batches using a dedicated prefabrication jig. The transverse truss 11 is bent and shaped, and the jig is used to maintain its shape and prevent springback. The upper corner frame 131 of the shoulder truss 13 and the lower corner frame 141 of the waist truss 14 are prefabricated strictly according to the dimensional ratio. The upper corner frame 131 is connected to the upper round tube 132, and the lower corner frame 141 is connected to the lower round tube 142, through a segmented symmetrical welding process, effectively controlling welding deformation at the nodes. The vertical truss 12 is formed by welding truss chords, and standardized flanges are welded to the ends of the chords. Precise docking with the shoulder truss 13 and waist truss 14 is achieved through these flanges, ensuring docking accuracy and modular versatility and expandability.

[0030] Step 3: Precise positioning of on-site benchmarks: Establish a three-dimensional construction control network, and accurately mark the axis, elevation, and column top support positions of the multiple frame columns 3 used to support the angled truss 1. Unify the installation spacing and parallelism benchmarks of the multiple angled trusses 1 to ensure the overall roof assembly accuracy.

[0031] Step 4, Layered Alignment and Adaptive Assembly: A bottom-up layered assembly process is adopted. First, the prefabricated vertical truss 12 is hoisted into place and fixed to the top of the frame column 3. Then, the waist truss 14 and the side wing truss 15 are aligned and assembled in sequence to complete the lower structure shaping. Subsequently, the shoulder truss 13 is installed by docking. Finally, the bent transverse truss 11 is hoisted and precisely docked with the top of the shoulder truss 13. During the assembly process, the pre-deformation parameters are combined with adaptive fine-tuning to precisely control the bending angle of the transverse truss 11, forming a convex-shaped space truss structure composed of transverse truss 11, vertical truss 12, shoulder truss 13, waist truss 14, and side wing truss 15.

[0032] Step 5: Expand and reinforce the entire structure segment by segment: After the assembly and adjustment of a single angle truss 1 is completed and temporarily fixed, immediately install cross supports 2 between two adjacent angle trusses 1 to form a stable spatial force unit; follow the assembly and reinforcement process segment by segment to complete the installation and fixing of all angle trusses 1 in sequence, and realize the modular expansion and forming of the roof.

[0033] Step Six: Overall Inspection, Correction and Acceptance: Non-destructive testing is performed on the flange connection nodes and square and round pipe welding nodes of the transverse truss 11, vertical truss 12, shoulder truss 13, waist truss 14 and side wing truss 15. The bending angle of the transverse truss 11, the installation spacing of each corner truss 1, the overall roof elevation and shape dimensions are checked, construction micro-deformations are corrected, and the overall roof structure forming acceptance is completed.

[0034] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the concept and implementation of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, technical solutions without substantial changes are still within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. An expandable angled truss roof structure, wherein an angled truss roof structure is provided above a raised area of ​​the building space or above a protruding shape area, characterized in that: It includes multiple angled trusses (1) arranged parallel to and at intervals along the main force direction of the building to bear vertical loads. Two angled trusses (1) are connected by cross bracing (2). The bottom of the angled truss (1) is supported by multiple frame columns (3). The angled truss (1) includes a horizontal truss (11), a vertical truss (12), a shoulder truss (13), a waist truss (14), and a side wing truss (15). At the bottom of the horizontal truss (11), a vertical truss (12) is connected to each of the two shoulder trusses (13). At the bottom of the vertical truss (12), a side wing truss (15) is connected to each of the waist trusses (14), forming a convex spatial structure.

2. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse truss (11) includes an upper chord and a lower chord. At the connection between the transverse truss (11) and the shoulder truss (13), the transverse truss (11) bends upward, and the horizontal angle at the bend is in the range of 60° to 120°.

3. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shoulder truss (13) includes multiple upper corner frames (131), one end of which is connected to the transverse truss (11) via an upper round tube (132), and the other end is also connected to the vertical truss (12) via an upper round tube (132).

4. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waist truss (14) includes multiple lower corner frames (141). One end of the lower corner frame (141) is connected to the vertical truss (12) through a lower round tube (142), and the other end is also connected to the side wing truss (15) through a lower round tube (142).

5. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical truss (12) is welded from truss chords, and flanges are welded to the ends of the truss chords. The flanges are connected to the shoulder truss (13) or the waist truss (14).

6. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper corner bracket (131) is formed by two upper tubes connected vertically. The end of the upper tube is welded to the upper round tube (132) through an upper end plate. The length of the upper tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the upper round tube (132), and the wall thickness of the upper tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the upper round tube (132).

7. The expandable angled truss roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower corner bracket (141) is formed by two lower tubes connected vertically. The end of the lower tube is welded to the lower round tube (142) through a lower end plate. The length of the lower tube is 1.0 to 1.2 times the diameter of the lower round tube (142), and the wall thickness of the lower tube is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the lower round tube (142).

8. A construction method for an expandable angled truss roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, BIM digital pre-simulation and modular decomposition: Based on the roof shape of the raised area and the protruding shape area of ​​the building, a three-dimensional BIM model is established to simulate the entire construction process; according to the main force direction of the building, the overall angled truss roof is divided into multiple angled trusses (1), and the pre-deformation construction parameters of the 60°~120° bending angle of the transverse truss (11) are preset simultaneously. Step 2, Factory Modular Precision Prefabrication and Shape Control: The transverse truss (11) is bent and shaped and the jig is used to maintain its shape and prevent springback; the upper corner frame (131) and lower corner frame (141) are prefabricated to complete the connection between the upper corner frame (131) and the upper round tube (132), and the lower corner frame (141) and the lower round tube (142); the vertical truss (12) is formed by welding truss chords and is precisely connected with the shoulder truss (13) and waist truss (14); Step 3, precise positioning of on-site benchmarks: establish a three-dimensional construction control network, accurately mark the axis, elevation and column top support position of multiple frame columns (3), and unify the installation spacing and parallelism benchmark of multiple angle trusses (1); Step 4, Layered Alignment Adaptive Assembly: Using a bottom-up layered assembly process, first hoist the vertical truss (12) into place and fix it to the top of the frame column (3); then align and assemble the waist truss (14) and the side wing truss (15) in sequence; then connect and install the shoulder truss (13); finally hoist the transverse truss (11) and precisely connect it to the top of the shoulder truss (13). Step 5, Expand and reinforce the whole structure one by one: After the assembly and adjustment of a single angle truss (1) is completed and temporarily fixed, immediately install cross supports (2) between two adjacent angle trusses (1) to form a stable spatial force unit; in accordance with the assembly and reinforcement of each truss in a continuous construction method, complete the installation and fixation of all angle trusses (1) in sequence. Step 6: Overall Inspection, Correction and Acceptance: Non-destructive testing is carried out on the flange connection nodes and square and round pipe welding nodes of the transverse truss (11), vertical truss (12), shoulder truss (13), waist truss (14) and side wing truss (15). The bending angle of the transverse truss (11), the installation spacing of each corner truss (1), the overall roof elevation and shape dimensions are checked, construction micro-deformation is corrected, and the overall roof structure forming acceptance is completed.

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