A check assembly, a door check system and a vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a limiting assembly, a door limiting system and a vehicle. A limiting device is connected with a movable flap device, which is used to be connected with a door. A fixed flap device includes a limiting component and a plug-in component. The limiting component is provided with a limiting hole, and the plug-in component is provided with a plug. The axis of the limiting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the limiting device. One of the plug-in component and the limiting component is connected with the limiting device, and the other is used to be connected with a body side. The plug is inserted into the limiting hole, and the plug can move along the axis of the limiting hole relative to the limiting hole. The plug is constrained by the limiting component along the direction which is perpendicular to the axis of the limiting hole and perpendicular to the central axis of the limiting device, so that the limiting torque output by the limiting device is transmitted to the body side through the plug and the limiting component. The application can solve the problems of abnormal wear, limiting force attenuation and abnormal sound of the limiting device caused by the different shafts of the limiting device and other hinges on the door.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive door opening and closing systems, and particularly to a limit assembly, a door limit system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Car doors typically require door limiters to ensure they stop at a designed angle during opening and maintain their opening angle when parked on a slope or in crosswind conditions. Depending on their arrangement, door limiters can be divided into two categories: those arranged coaxially with the door hinge and those arranged off-axis with the door hinge.

[0003] Door limiters that are not aligned with the door hinge typically consist of a main limiter arm and a limiter housing fitted over the main arm. One end of the main arm is hinged to the side panel of the vehicle body, while the limiter housing is fixed to the door and can slide along the main arm. Limiting force is generated through the interaction between the slider inside the housing and the surface of the main arm. The motion envelope of this type of limiter intrudes into the interior space of the door. When arranging the door window regulator and window rails, space must be reserved to accommodate the motion envelope of the limiter. Therefore, it is less suitable for vehicles with limited interior space in the door.

[0004] A door limiter coaxially arranged with the door hinge has its rotation axis designed to coincide with the hinge's rotation axis. The limiter body does not encroach on the interior space of the door and does not affect the arrangement of internal door components, making it more suitable for situations with limited space. Chinese patent CN203835103U discloses a door limiter with a central axis as its rotation center. The fixed arm and moving arm can be directly installed on the vehicle body and door respectively, thus not occupying space in the door cavity or the vehicle body cavity. This document also points out that previous door limiters required the use of a hinge; if there was a misalignment between the limiter and the hinge pivot, the limiter might jam, causing the door to fail to open.

[0005] Regarding the generation of limiting force, the needle roller rotor structure is a common form of coaxially arranged limit switch. It is supported by a central rotating shaft, with the rotor supported outside the central rotating shaft by needle rollers. The limiting torque is output by the interaction between the rotor and the central rotating shaft. This type of structure provides a stable limiting torque output and occupies little radial space.

[0006] To address issues caused by manufacturing and assembly deviations in vehicle door systems, existing technologies have made several improvements. Patent CN102373850A discloses a sliding door limiter. Its limiter housing has a central hole in a plastic block through which a limiter rod passes. A rubber block is placed on the outer layer to form an elastic enclosure. The rod's front end is designed with a rounded head and connected to a mounting bracket via a ball-head pin, allowing the rod to rotate in any direction around the ball-head pin. It is claimed to have high adaptability to factors such as poor welding precision, reducing abnormal noise and increasing service life. The compensation effect of the above improvements occurs between the limiter rod and the mounting bracket, resulting in an overall omnidirectional swing.

[0007] However, the door limiter, coaxially arranged with the door hinge, is highly sensitive to the coaxiality between its rotation axis and the hinge axis. Due to manufacturing errors in the door sheet metal and the side panel sheet metal, and assembly errors during the assembly of the limiter and hinge, the rotation axis of the limiter and the door hinge cannot be perfectly aligned in practice; there is always a certain deviation between them. When this deviation exceeds the design value, the needle roller rotor assembly inside the limiter will rotate out of sync with its structural axis during the door's rotation around the hinge axis. This causes abnormal wear on parts such as the needle rollers under repeated door opening and closing, leading to problems such as reduced limiting force, abnormal noise, and shortened service life. To control these deviations, it is usually necessary to improve the manufacturing precision of the door and side panel sheet metal, as well as the assembly precision of the limiter and hinge, which significantly increases the investment in molds and tooling.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new limit assembly, door limit system, and vehicle to compensate for the deviation when the limiter and the hinge on the door are not on the same axis, so as to avoid abnormal wear, reduction of limiting force, and abnormal noise caused by the deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a limiting assembly, a door limiting system, and a vehicle to solve the problems of abnormal wear, attenuation of limiting force, and abnormal noise caused by the misalignment of the limiter with the hinge axis on the door in existing limiting assemblies, door limiting systems, and vehicles.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a limiting assembly, including a limiter, a fixed leaf plate device, and a movable leaf plate device connected to the limiter. The movable leaf plate device is used to connect to a vehicle door. The limiter has a central axis and is used to output a limiting torque to limit the opening degree of the vehicle door. The central axis of the limiter is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the vehicle door hinge. The fixed leaf plate device includes a limiting component and a plug-in component. The limiting component has a limiting hole, and the plug-in component has a pin. The axis is perpendicular to the central axis of the limiter; one of the plug-in assembly and the limiting assembly is connected to the limiter, and the other is used to connect to the vehicle side panel; the pin is inserted into the limiting hole, and the pin can move relative to the limiting hole along the axial direction of the limiting hole. The pin is constrained by the limiting assembly in a direction that is perpendicular to both the axis of the limiting hole and the central axis of the limiter, so that the limiting torque output by the limiter is transmitted to the vehicle side panel through the pin and the limiting assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the diameter of the limiting hole is smallest at the middle part along the axial direction of the limiting hole, and the diameter of the limiting hole gradually increases from the middle part to both ends of the limiting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting component includes a mounting base plate, a slider, and a limiting housing fixedly connected to the mounting base plate. The slider is disposed inside the limiting housing, and the limiting hole is opened on the slider. The limiting housing has a structural hole coaxial with the limiting hole. The diameter of the structural hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end of the limiting hole near the pin. The mounting base plate is used to connect to the side panel of the vehicle body.

[0013] Optionally, the slider is slidably engaged with the limiting housing, and the slider can move relative to the limiting housing along the central axis of the limiter. The movement of the slider in the direction perpendicular to the mounting base plate and the movement along the axis of the limiting hole are both restricted by the limiting housing.

[0014] Optionally, the limiting component further includes an elastic buffer, which is disposed in the gap between the slider and the two ends of the limiting housing along the central axis of the limiting device.

[0015] Optionally, the elastic buffer is a rubber component.

[0016] Optionally, the length of the pin along the axial direction of the limiting hole is greater than the thickness of the slider along the axial direction of the limiting hole.

[0017] Optionally, the limiter includes a structural shaft, a rotor sleeved outside the structural shaft, and a needle roller disposed between the rotor and the structural shaft. The movable leaf plate device is connected to the rotor, and the plug-in assembly is connected to the structural shaft.

[0018] The present invention also provides a door limiting system, including a door, a side panel of the vehicle body, a hinge, and the aforementioned limiting assembly; The hinges are connected to the door and the side panel of the vehicle body respectively, and the door can rotate relative to the side panel of the vehicle body about the pivot of the hinge; The movable leaf plate device is connected to the vehicle door, and the one of the plug-in assembly and the limiting assembly that is not connected to the limiter is connected to the vehicle side panel; The central axis of the limiter is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the hinge.

[0019] The present invention also provides a vehicle including the above-described door limiting system.

[0020] The present invention provides a limiting assembly, a door limiting system, and a vehicle, which have the following beneficial effects: Firstly, it reduces the manufacturing precision requirements for the door and side panel sheet metal, as well as the assembly precision requirements for the limiter and hinge, imposed by the coaxial arrangement of the limiter. Because the pin and the limit hole have freed up a degree of freedom in the axis direction of the limit hole, and the slider of the limiter assembly retains a floating amount in the direction of the limiter's central axis, the deviation between the limiter's central axis and the hinge pivot axis no longer needs to be controlled by increasing the precision of the parts, but is absorbed by the limiter assembly itself. Correspondingly, the cost of molds and tooling required to control this deviation is reduced.

[0021] Secondly, this ensures that the limiter always bears only its own output limiting torque, maintaining a good stress state. During the opening and closing of the door, the pin continuously adjusts its relative position within the limiting hole. There is no rigid constraint between the fixed end of the limiter and the side of the vehicle body, so the additional displacement caused by the axis deviation will not be converted into additional loads acting on the internal parts of the limiter.

[0022] Third, it prevents the needle roller rotor assembly inside the limiter from being subjected to abnormal force due to misalignment, thereby suppressing abnormal wear of the needle roller and rotor, avoiding the resulting attenuation of the limiting torque, and extending the service life of the limiter.

[0023] Fourth, it suppresses abnormal noise. The variable diameter configuration, with the smallest diameter in the middle of the limiting hole and gradually increasing towards both ends, ensures that the pin and the limiting hole maintain line contact under load. During the pin's swinging and translational movements relative to the limiting hole, only contact occurs without interference. The elastic buffer fills the gap between the slider and the limiting housing, restricting the slider's free movement and absorbing impact. The combined effect of these two factors eliminates noise caused by the collision between parts.

[0024] Fifth, it retains the inherent advantage of coaxially arranged limiters not encroaching on the interior space of the door. The compensation structure of this invention is located at the interface between the fixed end of the limiter and the side panel of the vehicle body. Its compact size eliminates the need to reserve additional motion envelope space in the interior cavity of the door, thus making it still suitable for models with limited interior space in the door.

[0025] In particular, this invention accommodates two degrees of freedom simultaneously with a single geometric configuration. The variable-diameter configuration, with a small center and gradually widening ends of the limiting hole, accommodates both the translational movement of the pin along the axis of the limiting hole and the conical oscillation of the pin relative to the axis of the limiting hole due to axial deviation. Furthermore, it maintains line contact between the pin and the limiting hole throughout the entire stroke of both movements. This effect cannot be easily achieved by setting two separate compensation mechanisms and is something that those skilled in the art could not have foreseen.

[0026] It should also be pointed out that relaxing the manufacturing and assembly precision requirements of parts and improving the service life of limiters are, in general technical understanding, mutually exclusive goals: the lower the precision, the worse the stress state of the moving parts, and the shorter the service life. This invention achieves both goals simultaneously by moving the compensation function from inside the limiter to an independent interface between the fixed end of the limiter and the side panel of the vehicle body. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the door limiting system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the limiting component of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the plug-in component of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Limit assembly; 110-Limiter; 120-Fixing leaf plate device; 121-Limit component; 1211-Mounting base plate; 1212-Slider; 1212a-Limit hole; 1213-Limit housing; 1213a-Structural hole; 1214-Elastic buffer; 122-Plug-in assembly; 1221-Pin; 130-Moving leaf plate device; 200 - Hinges; 300 - Doors; 400 - Side panels of the vehicle body. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] In this specification, the terms "upper," "lower," "both ends," and "between the two ends," etc., indicate relative positions or orientations based on the central axis of the limiter 110. In a vehicle, the central axis of the limiter 110 is typically arranged along the vehicle's height direction. Therefore, the movement along the central axis of the limiter 110 described below is, in the vehicle coordinate system, movement in the height direction. For ease of description, the direction along the axis of the limiting hole 1212a will be referred to as the first direction, the direction perpendicular to both the axis of the limiting hole 1212a and the central axis of the limiter 110 will be referred to as the second direction, and the direction of the central axis of the limiter 110 will be referred to as the third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other.

[0031] Example 1 refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the door limiting system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the limiting assembly 100 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the limiting assembly 100 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the limiting component 121 of the limiting assembly 100 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the plug-in component of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment provides a limiting assembly 100 for installation between the door 300 and the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, and is arranged coaxially with the door hinge 200.

[0032] The limiting assembly 100 of this embodiment includes a limiter 110, a fixed leaf plate device 120, and a movable leaf plate device 130. The limiter 110 has a central axis for outputting a limiting torque to limit the opening of the door 300, and its central axis is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the door hinge 200. The movable leaf plate device 130 is connected to the limiter 110 and is used to connect to the door 300. The fixed leaf plate device 120 includes a limiting component 121 and a plugging component 122. The limiting component 121 has a limiting hole 1212a, and the plugging component 122 has a pin 1221. The axis of the limiting hole 1212a is perpendicular to the central axis of the limiter 110.

[0033] In this embodiment, the plug-in assembly 122 is connected to the limiter 110, and the limiter assembly 121 is used to connect to the vehicle side panel 400. The pin 1221 is inserted into the limiting hole 1212a. The pin 1221 can move relative to the limiting hole 1212a along the axial direction of the limiting hole 1212a, that is, along the first direction; the pin 1221 is constrained by the limiter assembly 121 along the second direction.

[0034] When the door 300 is opened or closed, the door 300 drives the movable flap device 130 to rotate around the central axis of the limiter 110, and the limiter 110 outputs a limiting torque. This limiting torque acts on the plug assembly 122, and at the pin 1221, it manifests as a force along the second direction. Since the pin 1221 is constrained by the limiting assembly 121 along the second direction, this force is transmitted to the limiting assembly 121 via the pin 1221, and then from the limiting assembly 121 to the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, thereby limiting the opening degree of the door 300.

[0035] Ideally, the central axis of the limiter 110 coincides perfectly with the axis of rotation of the door hinge 200, and the insertion assembly 122 remains stationary relative to the vehicle side panel 400. In reality, due to manufacturing errors in the sheet metal of the door 300 and the body side panel 400, as well as assembly errors between the limiter 110 and the hinge 200, there is always a certain deviation between the two axes. When the door 300 rotates around the hinge 200 axis, the insertion assembly 122 will generate a slight relative movement relative to the body side panel 400. This relative movement at the pin 1221 can be decomposed into three components: translation along a first direction, translation along a third direction, and rotation relative to the axis of the limiting hole 1212a. In this embodiment, the movement of the pin 1221 relative to the limiting hole 1212a along the first direction is used to absorb the component of the relative movement along the first direction.

[0036] The fixed end of the limiter 110 is no longer rigidly connected to the side panel 400 of the vehicle body. The component of the axial deviation along the first direction is absorbed by the relative movement between the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a, and is no longer transmitted as an additional load acting on the internal parts of the limiter 110. At the same time, the constraint in the second direction remains intact, and the limiting function is unaffected. The limiter 110 therefore only bears its own output limiting torque, avoiding abnormal forces caused by misalignment.

[0037] In this embodiment, the diameter of the limiting hole 1212a is smallest at the middle part along its axial direction, and the diameter gradually increases from the middle part to both ends of the limiting hole 1212a, forming an overall shape with both ends open.

[0038] The reason for adopting this configuration is that the rotation of the aforementioned pin 1221 relative to the limiting hole 1212a is not a trajectory within a single plane, but rather a tapered expansion with the contact position between the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a as the apex. If the limiting hole 1212a were a straight hole of uniform diameter, the outer surface of the pin 1221 would interfere with the edge of the opening of the limiting hole 1212a during its swing, resulting in localized contact stress concentration and abnormal wear on the surface of the opening and the pin 1221 during repeated opening and closing of the door 300. By designing the limiting hole 1212a with the smallest diameter in the middle and gradually expanding towards both ends, the hole wall actively yields in the direction of the pin 1221's swing, and the tapered swing trajectory of the pin 1221 is completely contained within the hole.

[0039] Meanwhile, since the central aperture is the smallest, after the pin 1221 is offset along the second direction under load, it only contacts the central hole wall of the limiting hole 1212a, and the contact pattern is a contact line distributed circumferentially along the limiting hole 1212a. The existence of the above contact pattern ensures that the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a only make contact without interference throughout the entire stroke.

[0040] The conical swing of the pin 1221 is fully accommodated without interfering with the hole wall, and the contact stress is evenly distributed along the contact line, avoiding stress concentration and abnormal wear at the edge. The pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a maintain stable contact throughout the movement, without generating reciprocating impacts between parts, thereby suppressing the generation of abnormal noise.

[0041] In this embodiment, the gap between the pin 1221 and the middle part of the limiting hole 1212a is between 0.5mm and 1.0mm. This gap is the assembly gap in the free state, that is, the one-sided gap between the pin 1221 and the middle hole wall of the limiting hole 1212a when the limiter 110 does not output the limiting torque.

[0042] The selection of this clearance value needs to consider two aspects. If the clearance is too small, the translation of the pin 1221 along the first direction and its oscillation relative to the axis of the limiting hole 1212a will be constrained, reducing the compensation capability. Furthermore, under conditions with deviation, interference may easily form between the pin 1221 and the hole wall, which will exacerbate wear. If the clearance is too large, at the moment the limiter 110 outputs the limiting torque, the pin 1221 needs to travel a certain distance within the hole before contacting the hole wall. This idle travel will create an impact, affecting the feel of opening and closing the door and generating noise at the moment of contact. When the value is between 0.5mm and 1.0mm, the compensating movement of the pin 1221 can proceed smoothly, while the impact caused by the idle travel is within an acceptable range. The above values ​​are based on the above.

[0043] While ensuring that the latch 1221 has sufficient compensation travel, the impact of the empty travel at the moment of establishing the limit torque is controlled at a low level, which takes into account both the compensation capability and the quality of opening and closing the door, and further reduces the abnormal noise caused by the empty travel impact.

[0044] In this embodiment, the limiting component 121 includes a mounting base plate 1211, a slider 1212, and a limiting housing 1213. The limiting housing 1213 is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 1211, forming a whole. The mounting base plate 1211 is used to connect to the vehicle side panel 400. The slider 1212 is disposed inside the limiting housing 1213, and the aforementioned limiting hole 1212a is formed on the slider 1212.

[0045] The limiting housing 1213 has a structural hole 1213a coaxial with the limiting hole 1212a. The diameter of the structural hole 1213a is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end of the limiting hole 1212a near the pin 1221. The purpose of the structural hole 1213a is to provide a passage for the pin 1221 to pass through the limiting housing 1213 and enter the limiting hole 1212a on the slider 1212. By setting the diameter of the structural hole 1213a to be no less than the diameter of the end of the limiting hole 1212a near the pin 1221, when the pin 1221 performs the aforementioned translation and oscillation within the limiting hole 1212a, its outer surface will not contact the hole wall of the limiting housing 1213 before the limiting hole 1212a, thereby ensuring that the compensating motion only occurs between the pin 1221 and the slider 1212, and the limiting housing 1213 does not participate in the contact.

[0046] The limiting component 121 is constructed as an integral unit that can be independently assembled onto the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, and the installation process is simple. The structural hole 1213a ensures the assembly passage of the pin 1221 while limiting the contact interface for compensating movement between the pin 1221 and the slider 1212, thereby avoiding unexpected contact and wear between the pin 1221 and the limiting housing 1213.

[0047] In this embodiment, the slider 1212 is slidably engaged with the limiting housing 1213. The slider 1212 can move relative to the limiting housing 1213 in a third direction, while the movement of the slider 1212 in a direction perpendicular to the mounting base plate 1211 and along the axis of the limiting hole 1212a are both restricted by the limiting housing 1213.

[0048] In the vehicle's overall configuration, the mounting base 1211 is attached to the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, and the direction perpendicular to the mounting base 1211 is the aforementioned second direction. Therefore, the essence of the above constraint relationship is that the slider 1212 is locked by the limiting housing 1213 in both the second and first directions, retaining only one degree of freedom in the third direction.

[0049] The significance of this constraint relationship is as follows: the second direction is the direction of transmission of the limiting torque. Only when the slider 1212 is locked in this direction can the force on the pin 1221 be transmitted to the vehicle side 400 through the limiting housing 1213 and the mounting base plate 1211, thus realizing the limiting function; the compensation in the first direction has been completed by the movement of the pin 1221 in the limiting hole 1212a, and the slider 1212 does not need to move in this direction; while the third direction is the direction of the component that has not yet been absorbed in the relative movement of the pin 1221 relative to the vehicle side 400. When the slider 1212 is released in this direction, the pin 1221 can drive the slider 1212 to move together along the third direction, and this component is then absorbed.

[0050] While maintaining the integrity of the limiting torque transmission path, a third-direction compensation capability is added to the limiting assembly 100. Thus, of the three components of relative motion caused by axial deviation, the translational motion in the first direction is absorbed by the movement of the pin 1221 within the limiting hole 1212a, the translational motion in the third direction is absorbed by the floating motion of the slider 1212 within the limiting housing 1213, and the rotation relative to the axis of the limiting hole 1212a is accommodated by the variable diameter configuration of the limiting hole 1212a. Therefore, the pin 1221 and the slider 1212 maintain good contact throughout the entire opening and closing process of the door 300.

[0051] In this embodiment, the movable stroke of the slider 1212 relative to the limiting housing 1213 in a third direction is 1mm to 5mm.

[0052] The stroke needs to cover the maximum possible deviation in the third direction between the central axis of the limiter 110 and the axis of the hinge 200 rotation shaft in the vehicle state. If the stroke is too small, individuals with larger deviations may encounter situations where the slider 1212 is blocked by the limiting housing 1213 at its end. In this case, the unabsorbed displacement will be converted back into additional loads acting on the internal parts of the limiter 110, resulting in compensation failure. If the stroke is too large, the size of the limiting housing 1213 in the third direction will increase accordingly, which is not conducive to its arrangement in the narrow space between the vehicle side panel 400 and the door 300. Furthermore, the amount of movement of the slider 1212 will increase, placing higher demands on the constraint capacity of the elastic buffer 1214. A value of 1mm to 5mm can cover the deviation range of conventional passenger car door systems while keeping the overall size of the limiting assembly 121 within a compact range. The selection of the above stroke value is based on the above considerations.

[0053] The compensation amount in the third direction is matched with the actual deviation range of the whole vehicle. While ensuring that the compensation does not fail, the external dimensions of the limiting component 121 are controlled within a compact range to adapt to the limited arrangement space between the side wall 400 and the door 300.

[0054] In this embodiment, the limiting component 121 further includes an elastic buffer 1214. The elastic buffer 1214 is disposed in the gap between the two ends of the slider 1212 and the limiting housing 1213 along the third direction, that is, a section of elastic buffer 1214 is filled above and below the slider 1212.

[0055] The elastic buffer 1214 serves two purposes. First, under vibration conditions during vehicle operation, if the slider 1212 can move freely within the limiting housing 1213, it will repeatedly collide with the inner wall of the limiting housing 1213, generating noise. After the elastic buffer 1214 fills the upper and lower gaps, the slider 1212 is elastically pre-tightened from both sides, restricting its free movement and eliminating the collision noise. Second, when the pin 1221 drives the slider 1212 to move in a third direction, the elastic buffer 1214 is gradually compressed, providing progressive damping and buffering for this movement, preventing the slider 1212 from making hard contact with the limiting housing 1213 at the end of its stroke.

[0056] It should be noted that the preload provided by the elastic buffer 1214 should be limited to restricting the free movement of the slider 1212, and should not be too large. If the preload is too large, the floating of the slider 1212 in the third direction will be significantly hindered, the compensation capability in the third direction will decrease, and the elastic buffer 1214 will instead become a constraint on the compensation path.

[0057] While retaining the third-party floating capability of slider 1212, the free movement of slider 1212 under vibration conditions and the resulting collision noise are eliminated, and buffering is provided for the floating of slider 1212, further suppressing abnormal noise and improving the durability of limit assembly 100.

[0058] In this embodiment, the elastic buffer 1214 is a rubber component.

[0059] Rubber was chosen as the material for the elastic buffer 1214 because it has both a large elastic deformation capacity and good damping characteristics, which can provide the required preload and buffering in a small installation space; at the same time, the rubber parts have a mature molding process, low cost, and good weather resistance, which can adapt to the exposed environment of the door 300 opening and closing parts.

[0060] The elastic preload and buffering of slider 1212 are achieved in a simple and low-cost manner, and the damping characteristics of rubber itself are used to further attenuate vibration energy, thereby enhancing the effect of suppressing abnormal noise.

[0061] In this embodiment, the length of the pin 1221 along the axis of the limiting hole 1212a is greater than the thickness of the slider 1212 along the axis of the limiting hole 1212a.

[0062] The significance of this dimensional relationship lies in ensuring that the contact between the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a remains effective throughout the compensation stroke. When the pin 1221 reciprocates within the limiting hole 1212a in the first direction, if the length of the pin 1221 is less than or equal to the thickness of the slider 1212, the pin 1221 may retract entirely into or partially out of the limiting hole 1212a when it reaches the end of its stroke. This results in a reduced effective contact length or even disengagement, making the transmission of the limiting torque unstable. By ensuring that the length of the pin 1221 is greater than the thickness of the slider 1212, the pin 1221 can penetrate the limiting hole 1212a throughout the entire compensation stroke in the first direction, with sufficient clearance on both sides. The contact always occurs at the minimum diameter point in the middle of the limiting hole 1212a. The explanation of the above dimensional relationship is as described above.

[0063] Throughout the entire compensation stroke of the pin 1221 along the first direction, the effective contact length between the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a remains stable, and the transmission of the limiting torque does not fluctuate due to the compensation motion, thus avoiding sudden changes in contact stress and local wear caused by changes in contact length.

[0064] In this embodiment, the limiter 110 includes a structural shaft, a rotor sleeved outside the structural shaft, and needle rollers disposed between the rotor and the structural shaft. The movable leaf plate device 130 is connected to the rotor, and the plug-in assembly 122 is connected to the structural shaft.

[0065] In this configuration, when the door 300 opens and closes, the movable leaf plate device 130 connected to the door 300 drives the rotor to rotate around the structural shaft. The needle rollers roll between the rotor and the structural shaft, and the limiting torque is output by the preset interaction between the rotor and the structural shaft. The structural shaft is connected to the limiting component 121 via the plug assembly 122 and the pin 1221. During the opening and closing of the door 300, it does not rotate around the central axis of the limiter 110 relative to the side wall 400 of the vehicle body, thus providing a reaction fulcrum for the limiting torque.

[0066] The needle roller rotor structure is highly sensitive to the concentricity between the structural shaft and the rotor. When there is a deviation between the central axis of the limiter 110 and the axis of the hinge 200, and the fixed end of the limiter 110 is rigidly connected to the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, this deviation will force the rotor and the structural shaft to rotate out of sync. The force on the needle rollers in the raceway will be severely uneven along the circumference, and the local contact stress will increase significantly. After repeated opening and closing, abnormal wear will occur between the needle rollers and the raceway, which will then cause the limiting torque to decrease and abnormal noise. The aforementioned compensation measures in this embodiment are designed to absorb this deviation before it is transmitted to the inside of the limiter 110.

[0067] The needle roller rotor assembly can operate in a near-ideal concentric state, and the force on the needle rollers along the circumference tends to be uniform, avoiding abnormal wear caused by local stress concentration. The output stability of the limiting torque and the service life of the limiter 110 are thus guaranteed.

[0068] In this embodiment, the movable leaf plate device 130 is disposed at both ends of the limiter 110 along the third direction, that is, a movable leaf plate is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the limiter 110; the one of the limiting component 121 and the plugging component 122 connected to the limiter 110 is the plugging component 122 in this embodiment, which is disposed between the two ends of the limiter 110 along the third direction.

[0069] The reason for this arrangement is that the movable leaf plate bears the weight of the door 300 and the force required to open and close the door. Placing it at the upper and lower ends of the limiter 110 forms a double support with a certain span along a third direction, improving the load-bearing capacity and reducing the off-center load between the movable leaf plate and the limiter 110. With the plug-in assembly 122 located between the two ends, the structural shaft connected to it is stressed between the two movable leaf plates, resulting in a symmetrical torque transmission path and preventing the structural shaft from bearing additional overturning moments. The above positional relationships are as described above.

[0070] The movable flap supports the door 300 in a double-support configuration, which increases the load-bearing capacity and reduces the off-center load; the plug-in assembly 122 is centrally stressed, the torque transmission path is symmetrical, the structural shaft does not bear additional overturning moment, and the stress state inside the limiter 110 is further improved.

[0071] When the door 300 opens from the closed position, it drives the movable leaf plate device 130 to rotate around the central axis of the limiter 110. The rotor rotates relative to the structural shaft, and the limiter 110 begins to output a limiting torque. This torque is transmitted to the plug assembly 122 via the structural shaft, where it manifests as a force along the second direction at the pin 1221. The pin 1221 is blocked along the second direction by the wall of the limiting hole 1212a of the slider 1212, and the force is transmitted through the slider 1212 to the limiting housing 1213, and then through the mounting base plate 1211 to the side panel 400 of the vehicle body. The door 300 is thus limited at the designed angle.

[0072] During the above process, due to the deviation between the central axis of the limiter 110 and the axis of the hinge 200, the plug assembly 122 experiences a slight relative movement relative to the vehicle side panel 400. Its component along the first direction is absorbed by the relative movement of the pin 1221 within the limiting hole 1212a; its component along the third direction is absorbed by the floating of the slider 1212 within the limiting housing 1213 driven by the pin 1221. The elastic buffer 1214 is compressed and provides cushioning during this process. Its rotational component relative to the axis of the limiting hole 1212a is accommodated by the variable diameter configuration of the limiting hole 1212a, which is smaller in the middle and gradually widens at both ends. The pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a maintain line contact under load. When the door 300 closes, the above movement proceeds in the opposite direction, the elastic buffer 1214 rebounds, and the slider 1212 returns to its near-center position.

[0073] Thus, throughout the entire lifecycle of the repeated opening and closing of the door 300, the needle roller rotor assembly inside the limiter 110 only bears its own output limiting torque and does not bear the additional load introduced by the axis deviation. The technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is thus solved.

[0074] Example 2 This embodiment provides another limiting assembly 100. The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the mounting objects of the limiting component 121 and the plug-in component 122 are interchanged; the rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment one.

[0075] In this embodiment, the limiting component 121 is connected to the limiter 110, and the plug-in component 122 is used to connect to the vehicle side panel 400. That is, the mounting base plate 1211 of the limiting component 121 is no longer fixed to the vehicle side panel 400, but is connected to the limiter 110 and arranged together with the limiter 110; the plug-in component 122 is fixed to the vehicle side panel 400, and its pin 1221 extends from one side of the vehicle side panel 400 and passes through the structural hole 1213a of the limiting housing 1213, and is inserted into the limiting hole 1212a of the slider 1212.

[0076] In this arrangement, the relative motion between the pin 1221 and the limiting hole 1212a, the variable diameter configuration of the limiting hole 1212a, the single-degree-of-freedom floating of the slider 1212 within the limiting housing 1213, the function of the elastic buffer 1214, and the values ​​of all dimensions and parameters are the same as in Embodiment 1. The transmission direction of the limiting torque is opposite, transmitted from the limiter 110 through the limiting assembly 121 and the pin 1221 to the insertion assembly 122, and then from the insertion assembly 122 to the vehicle side panel 400, but the force characteristics of each contact interface along the transmission path remain unchanged.

[0077] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the limiting component 121 is connected to the limiter 110 and is arranged according to the structure of the door 300. Therefore, when selecting the movable stroke of the slider 1212, it should still be based on the relative deviation between the central axis of the limiter 110 and the axis of rotation of the hinge 200 in the third direction, which is consistent with the first embodiment.

[0078] For vehicle models where there is insufficient space on the side panel 400 or where the door 300 side is more convenient for arranging the limiting assembly 121, the arrangement of this embodiment can be adopted. While achieving the same compensation and limiting effects as in Embodiment 1, it improves the adaptability of the limiting assembly 100 to different vehicle layout conditions.

[0079] Example 3 This embodiment provides a door limiting system, including a door 300, a side panel 400, a hinge 200, and a limiting assembly 100 as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The hinge 200 is connected to both the door 300 and the side panel 400, allowing the door 300 to rotate relative to the side panel 400 about the pivot of the hinge 200. The movable flap device 130 of the limiting assembly 100 is connected to the door 300; the component of the plug-in assembly 122 and the limiting assembly 121 that is not connected to the limiter 110 is connected to the side panel 400. The central axis of the limiter 110 is coaxially arranged with the pivot of the hinge 200.

[0080] During vehicle assembly, hinges 200 are first fixed to the door 300 and the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, and then the limiting assembly 100 is assembled in place according to the design position where its central axis coincides with the axis of rotation of hinge 200. Since the limiting assembly 100 itself has the compensation capability in the aforementioned three directions, no additional selection or adjustment work is required during the assembly process to ensure the coincidence of the two axes.

[0081] The door limiting system allows for a certain deviation between the center axis of the limiter 110 and the axis of the hinge 200 rotation when the vehicle is in its entirety. This relaxes the manufacturing precision requirements of the door 300 assembly and the body side panel 400 assembly, as well as the assembly precision requirements between them. It shortens the adjustment time in the final assembly process and reduces the cost of molds and tooling required to control this deviation.

[0082] In this embodiment, there are two hinges 200. The two hinges 200 are arranged at intervals along the height of the vehicle between the door 300 and the side panel 400 of the vehicle body, respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the door 300.

[0083] The use of two hinges 200 is a standard configuration for side-opening doors 300. Their purpose is to support the weight of the door 300 at two points (top and bottom) and resist the overturning moment when the door 300 is opened. In this embodiment, the use of two hinges 200 also brings an effect directly related to the present invention: the rotation axes of the two hinges 200 themselves also have a coaxiality deviation. This deviation, when combined with the deviation in the installation position of the limiter 110, constitutes the total deviation of the central axis of the limiter 110 relative to the actual rotation axis of the door 300. The compensation structure of this embodiment is equally effective against this total deviation, regardless of whether the deviation originates from the coaxiality between the hinges 200 or from the installation position of the limiter 110.

[0084] In a conventional door 300 arrangement with two hinges 200, the limit assembly 100 can absorb the total deviation formed by the superposition of the coaxiality deviation between the hinges 200 and the installation deviation of the limiter 110, without the need to set up compensation measures for the source of deviation separately.

[0085] Example 4 This embodiment provides a vehicle that includes the aforementioned door limiting system. The vehicle can be a sedan, a multi-purpose passenger vehicle, or a commercial vehicle, and its door 300 is a side-opening door that opens and closes around a vertical axis.

[0086] While achieving reliable door opening limit function, the abnormal noise of door opening and closing is suppressed, the service life of limiter 110 is extended, and the manufacturing and assembly precision requirements of the whole vehicle, as well as the corresponding investment in molds and tooling, are reduced. This helps to reduce the overall vehicle manufacturing cost and improve the user's subjective experience of the door opening and closing quality.

[0087] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A limiting assembly, characterized in that, It includes a limiter, a fixed leaf plate device, and a movable leaf plate device connected to the limiter. The movable leaf plate device is used to connect to the vehicle door. The limiter has a central axis and is used to output a limiting torque to limit the opening of the vehicle door. The central axis of the limiter is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the door hinge. The fixed page plate device includes a limiting component and a plugging component. The limiting component is provided with a limiting hole, and the plugging component is provided with a pin. The axis of the limiting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the limiting device. One of the plug-in assembly and the limiting assembly is connected to the limiter, and the other is used to connect to the side panel of the vehicle body; The pin is inserted into the limiting hole, and the pin can move relative to the limiting hole along the axis of the limiting hole. The pin is constrained by the limiting component in a direction that is both perpendicular to the axis of the limiting hole and perpendicular to the central axis of the limiter, so that the limiting torque output by the limiter is transmitted to the side of the vehicle body through the pin and the limiting component.

2. The limiting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the limiting hole is smallest at the middle part along the axial direction of the limiting hole, and the diameter of the limiting hole gradually increases from the middle part to both ends of the limiting hole.

3. The limiting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a mounting base plate, a slider, and a limiting housing fixedly connected to the mounting base plate. The slider is disposed inside the limiting housing, and the limiting hole is opened on the slider. The limiting housing has a structural hole coaxial with the limiting hole. The diameter of the structural hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end of the limiting hole near the pin. The mounting base plate is used to connect to the side panel of the vehicle body.

4. The limiting assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slider is slidably engaged with the limiting housing. The slider can move relative to the limiting housing along the central axis of the limiter. The movement of the slider in the direction perpendicular to the mounting base plate and along the axis of the limiting hole are both restricted by the limiting housing.

5. The limiting assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting assembly further includes an elastic buffer, which is disposed in the gap between the slider and the two ends of the limiting housing along the central axis of the limiting device.

6. The limiting assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic buffer is made of rubber.

7. The limiting assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the pin along the axis of the limiting hole is greater than the thickness of the slider along the axis of the limiting hole.

8. The limiting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiter includes a structural shaft, a rotor sleeved outside the structural shaft, and a needle roller disposed between the rotor and the structural shaft. The movable leaf plate device is connected to the rotor, and the plug-in assembly is connected to the structural shaft.

9. A door limiting system, characterized in that, Includes vehicle doors, vehicle side panels, hinges, and limiting assemblies as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The hinges are connected to the door and the side panel of the vehicle body respectively, and the door can rotate relative to the side panel of the vehicle body about the pivot of the hinge; The movable leaf plate device is connected to the vehicle door, and the one of the plug-in assembly and the limiting assembly that is not connected to the limiter is connected to the vehicle side panel; The central axis of the limiter is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the hinge.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the door limiting system as described in claim 9.

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