High efficiency construction equipment and construction method for retaining piles and curtain piles
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611179895.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
Smart Images
Figure CN122980801A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to efficient construction equipment and methods for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, which can be mainly used for the construction of foundation pit support structures formed by the combination of retaining wall piles and curtain piles, and belong to the field of building equipment technology. Background Technology
[0002] The combination of retaining wall piles and curtain piles is a commonly used foundation pit support structure. Retaining wall piles, using cast-in-place pile rows, support the earth pressure on the pit sidewalls to prevent soil collapse. Curtain piles, using high-pressure jet grouting, work in conjunction with the retaining wall piles to form a continuous impermeable wall, blocking groundwater seepage. Currently, retaining wall piles and curtain piles require different construction equipment; for example, retaining wall piles can be constructed using long spiral drilling rigs, while curtain piles can be constructed using high-pressure jet grouting rigs. This results in high equipment costs and requires a large working space, which can significantly impact the construction period, especially in urban areas with limited working space. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide efficient construction equipment and methods for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, so as to facilitate related construction operations and improve efficiency.
[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: a high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, comprising: The main body of the drilling rig is equipped with a power head, and the power head is equipped with a feed rotary joint. The hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint extends from the bottom of the power head, and its lower end is equipped with a main shaft flange. A long spiral drill rod, with a long spiral drill rod flange at its upper end that can be connected to the main spindle flange, and a long spiral drill bit (the drill bit of the long spiral drilling machine) connected to its lower end. A concrete pump whose output pipe can be connected to the inlet of a rotary feed joint to deliver concrete into the feed conversion joint. The adapter has a single-pipe structure at the upper end and an upper flange that can be connected to the main shaft flange. The lower part has a double-pipe structure with an inner pipe and an outer pipe. The inner pipe is connected to the upper port (single-pipe structure) of the adapter as the same pipe. The annular gap between the inner and outer pipes is not connected to the pipe hole of the inner pipe. The lower end of the outer pipe has a lower flange. The intake rotary joint (annular air rotary joint) is located at the lower part of the conversion joint, with the outer tube of the joint as its rotor (rotating body), and its air inlet connects to the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes of the joint. The jet grouting drill pipe has an outer tube and an inner tube. The upper end of the outer tube is equipped with a jet grouting drill pipe flange that can be connected to the lower flange of the connector. The upper end of the inner tube can be inserted into the lower end of the inner tube of the connector to achieve a coaxial insertion connection between the inner tube and the inner tube of the connector. The lower end of the jet grouting drill pipe is connected to the jet grouting drill bit (or jet grouting nozzle). The high-pressure grouting pump has an output pipe that can be connected to the feed port of the feed rotary joint to deliver cement slurry into the feed conversion joint. Compressed air equipment (e.g., an air compressor or a combination of an air compressor and an air tank) whose output pipe can be connected to the feed port of a feed rotary joint to deliver compressed air into the feed rotary joint.
[0005] Preferably, the upper part of the conversion joint is provided with an outer pipe diameter changer and an inner flow guide diameter changer. Both the outer pipe diameter changer and the inner flow guide outer pipe diameter changer are tapered, with the inner flow guide diameter changer having a larger taper at the top and a smaller taper at the bottom. The taper of the inner flow guide diameter changer is greater than that of the outer pipe diameter changer. The lower end of the outer pipe diameter changer is the same diameter as the outer pipe of the joint and is integrated with the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint. The upper end of the inner flow guide diameter changer is attached to the inner wall of the upper part of the outer pipe diameter changer (e.g., the upper end or near the upper end) and is integrated with the outer pipe diameter changer, sealing the annular gap between the outer pipe diameter changer and the inner flow guide diameter changer. The lower end of the inner flow guide diameter changer is the same diameter as the inner pipe of the joint and is integrated with the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint. The flange on the joint is provided at the upper end of the outer pipe diameter changer.
[0006] Preferably, the upper and lower parts of the conversion joint are separate. The upper part of the conversion joint is provided with an outer pipe diameter changer. Both ends of the outer pipe diameter changer are provided with flanges. The flange provided at the upper end of the outer pipe diameter changer is the upper flange of the joint. The flange provided at the lower end of the outer pipe diameter changer is connected to the flange at the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint provided at the lower part of the conversion joint. The height of the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint is lower than the height of the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint. An annular sealing plate is provided between the outer pipe of the joint and the inner pipe of the joint to seal the top opening of the annular gap between them. The outer circle of the annular sealing plate is welded to the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint as a whole, and the inner circle is welded to the inner pipe of the joint.
[0007] Preferably, the drilling rig body is equipped with a guide rail column, and the power head is vertically guided and connected to the guide rail column.
[0008] Preferably, the drilling rig body is equipped with a lifting mechanism for driving the power head to rise.
[0009] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism can be a winch-type lifting mechanism or an electric hoist.
[0010] Preferably, the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is provided with a feed quick connector (female quick connector), and the outer end of the output pipe of the concrete pump (the connection end of the feed rotary joint) and the outer end of the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump are both provided with a quick connection structure (male quick connector) that matches the feed quick connector.
[0011] Preferably, the output pipes of the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are both connected to the inlet of the feed rotary joint, and each of the output pipes of the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump is equipped with its own valve.
[0012] For example, the outer end of the output pipe of the concrete pump (the connection end of the feed rotary joint) and the outer end of the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump can be connected together to the feed port of the feed rotary joint through a three-way connector or a three-way valve.
[0013] Preferably, the power head's power system is a dual-mode power system, with two power modes adapted to the power requirements of retaining wall pile construction and curtain pile construction, respectively.
[0014] Preferably, the drive device in the power system of the power head is an electric motor or hydraulic motor adapted to dual-mode operation, and the power system of the power head is equipped with a control device for controlling the electric motor or hydraulic motor to operate in different modes, thereby realizing dual-mode of the power system without changing the drive device.
[0015] This invention discloses an efficient construction method for retaining wall piles and curtain piles. Using any of the efficient construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, during retaining wall pile construction, a long spiral drilling tool (long spiral drill rod and drill bit, etc.) is assembled onto a power head. The long spiral drill rod is directly connected to the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint. The connection between the concrete pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is established (e.g., the output pipe of the concrete pump is connected to the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint, and the valve on the output pipe of the concrete pump is opened). The connection between the high-pressure grouting pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is disconnected (e.g., the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump is removed from the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint, or the valve on the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump is closed). The construction is carried out according to the requirements of the long spiral drilling rig. The curtain pile construction method is as follows: When constructing curtain piles, the jet grouting drilling tool (jet grouting drill rod and drill bit, etc.) is assembled onto the power head. The jet grouting drill rod is connected to the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint through a conversion joint. The output pipe of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air intake rotary joint. The connection between the high-pressure grouting pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is made (for example, connecting the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump to the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint and opening the valve on the output pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump). The connection between the concrete pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is disconnected (for example, removing the output pipe of the concrete pump from the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint or closing the valve on the output pipe of the concrete pump). The curtain pile construction is carried out according to the jet grouting drilling rig.
[0016] The construction equipment of this invention has the functions of both a long-pitch drilling rig and a high-pressure jet grouting drilling rig. By changing the drilling tools and starting the corresponding supporting facilities and power modes, it can be adapted to the construction of retaining wall piles and curtain piles respectively, which helps to save equipment costs, reduce site occupation, improve construction efficiency, and shorten the construction period.
[0017] This invention can be mainly used for temporary support construction of foundation pits and riverbank slope support construction in suitable scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adapter and its connection structure with the jet grouting drill rod, which relates to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another type of adapter and its connection structure with the jet grouting drill rod according to the present invention.
[0019] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 10. Power head; 12. Hollow spindle; 15. Feed rotary joint; 20. Converter joint; 21. Outer tube of joint; 22. Inner tube of joint; 23. Lower flange of joint; 24. Upper flange of joint; 25. Outer tube diameter reducer; 26. Inner guide diameter reducer; 27. Air intake rotary joint; 28. Radial dynamic seal of rotary joint; 29. Rotary joint bearing; 30. Jet jet drill rod; 31. Outer tube of drill rod; 32. Inner tube of drill rod; 36. Radial static seal ring; 41. Concrete pump; 42. High-pressure grouting pump; 43. Air compressor; 50. Display and control cabinet; 63. Guide rail column; 66. Lower guide; 68. Wire rope pulley block. Detailed Implementation
[0020] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The construction equipment of this invention draws on existing long spiral drilling rigs and jet grouting rigs, and improves upon the long spiral drilling rig by incorporating all or most of the same or similar components as existing long spiral drilling rigs, such as walking chassis assembly, column guiding system, hoisting system, power head 10, concrete pumping system, and long spiral drilling tool. On this basis, a cement slurry pumping system, compressed air supply system, jet grouting tool, and conversion joint are added to increase the functionality of a rotary drilling rig on the basis of the long spiral drilling rig.
[0021] Typically, the rotary feed joint 15 for connecting concrete (and cement slurry) can be located on the power head, with the hollow spindle 12 passing through it and connected to the drive unit (electric motor or hydraulic motor) within the power head via a transmission mechanism, allowing it to rotate under the drive of the drive unit. The drive unit and transmission mechanism of the power head can employ corresponding technologies from existing long auger drilling rigs. The lower end of the hollow spindle extends downwards from the bottom of the power head to connect to the long auger drill rod or jet grouting drill rod 30.
[0022] A long spiral drill rod adapted to the feed rotary joint can be used. When long spiral drilling tools are required for construction, the upper end of the long spiral drill rod can be connected to the lower end of the hollow spindle of the feed rotary joint according to existing technology. The specific connection method can be flange connection or other suitable connection method.
[0023] Because the jet grouting drill rod adopts a double-layer tube (casing structure), it has an outer tube 31 and an inner tube 32, with two fluid medium channels. The inner tube is used to transport high-pressure cement slurry, and the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes is used to transport compressed air. At the same time, because there is a certain difference between the outer diameter of the existing jet grouting drill rod and the outer diameter of the long spiral drill rod (usually smaller than the outer diameter of the long spiral drill rod), it is not possible to directly connect the jet grouting drill rod to the feed rotary joint. Therefore, this invention uses a special conversion joint 20 to connect the jet grouting drill rod to the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint. The conversion joint can realize the conversion between single and double tubes and size conversion, and high-pressure air is introduced into the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes of the jet grouting drill rod through the air intake rotary joint.
[0024] See Figure 2 The adapter has a tapered outer tube reducer (outer tube reducer tube) 25 at the top, and an upper flange 24 at the top of the outer tube reducer for connection to the flange at the bottom of the hollow spindle. The lower part of the adapter uses a double-layer tube of equal diameter, with an inner tube 22 and an outer tube 21. The outer tube is equal in diameter to / fits the drill pipe outer tube, and its lower end has a lower flange 23, which connects to the flange of the jet grouting drill pipe (drill pipe outer tube). The inner diameter of the drill pipe connection end (lower end) of the inner tube is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the adapter connection end (upper end) of the inner tube, leaving the necessary gap for the insertion operation. The adapter connection end (upper end) of the inner tube is inserted into the drill pipe connection end of the inner tube, thereby realizing the coaxial insertion of the two tubes. A radial static seal ring 36 (with an annular groove for embedding the radial static seal ring) is embedded on the circumferential surface (outer side) of the joint connection end of the drill pipe inner tube. The radial static seal ring achieves a radial static seal between the drill pipe inner tube and the joint inner tube. The top of the drill pipe inner tube is preferably tapered (with a smooth curved surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top) to facilitate on-site operations. The radial static seal ring used should be suitable for the corresponding application scenario; for example, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber or fluororubber O-ring with a PTFE retainer ring may be used.
[0025] The upper part of the conversion joint can also be equipped with an inner guide diameter reducer (inner pipe reducer) 26 to guide the concrete or cement slurry flow, reducing or avoiding severe turbulence, vibration, and local vacuum caused by significant pipe diameter changes. The inner guide diameter reducer is conical, with its upper end welded to the inner wall of the upper part of the outer pipe reducer, leaving no gap between them to seal the annular gap between the inner and outer pipes of the joint. The lower end of the inner guide diameter reducer is connected to the upper end of the inner pipe (equal diameter straight pipe section) of the joint, and fixedly welded together to form a single pipe. The concrete or cement slurry delivered from the feed rotary joint flows into the inner pipe of the joint through the inner guide diameter reducer, and then flows into the inner pipe of the drill pipe through the inner pipe of the joint. An annular sealing plate can be installed between the inner and outer pipes of the joint to seal the gap between them, and the annular sealing plate is located above the air intake rotary joint, which helps to improve the overall strength of the conversion joint while achieving an annular gap seal between the inner and outer pipes.
[0026] The upper and lower parts of this type of adapter are usually manufactured as a single piece, but they can also be manufactured separately and connected together by means of flange connection, welding, or other methods. For example, the outer diameter reducer that makes up the upper shell of the adapter and the connector outer tube that makes up the lower shell of the adapter can be manufactured separately, and then the two can be connected together by flange connection.
[0027] Each flange connection can be equipped with a locating stop structure to achieve coaxial positioning, or a locating pin can be used to ensure concentricity. In two interconnected flanges, a suitable end face sealing ring can be installed on the lower flange to achieve end face sealing.
[0028] This invention achieves the connection between the inner tube of the connector and the inner tube of the jet grouting system through a coaxial insertion method, and the connection between the outer tube of the connector and the outer tube of the jet grouting system through a flange connection. These two connection methods work together, and the flange connecting bolts secure the adapter to the jet grouting drill rod, facilitating on-site assembly and disassembly and promoting high torque transmission. The corresponding end face sealing rings and radial sealing rings not only ensure effective sealing but also facilitate the inspection and replacement of the sealing rings. Based on field construction practice, the drill rod assembly and disassembly time can be reduced to 20 minutes per operation, far less than the time required to change drilling rigs.
[0029] The air intake rotary joint (excluding the outer pipe used as the rotating body) 27 can be located at the lower part of the conversion joint (equal diameter straight pipe area), and any suitable existing technology can be used, such as the rotary joints used in existing jet grouting drill guides. The annular gap between the inner and outer pipes of the joint is connected through a through hole on the outer pipe for transmitting compressed air. According to existing technology, rotary joint bearings 29 and rotary joint radial dynamic seals 28 can be provided on both the upper and lower sides of its air intake to achieve a rotary sealing connection between the air intake rotary joint and the conversion joint (outer pipe). Depending on actual needs, annular grooves for embedding radial static seals and bearing housing structures for mounting bearings can be provided at appropriate locations on the air intake rotary joint.
[0030] Figure 3 Another implementation of the adapter is given, with Figure 2 The main difference in the example is that the upper and lower parts of the adapter are separate, connected by flanges. The upper part of the adapter does not have an internal guide reducer; it only has an outer tube reducer. Both ends of the outer tube reducer have flanges. The flange at the upper end of the outer tube reducer is the upper flange of the adapter, used to connect to the lower flange of the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint. The flange at the lower end of the outer tube reducer connects to the upper flange of the inner tube of the adapter, making the outer reducer and the inner tube of the adapter a single pipe, thus connecting the upper and lower parts of the adapter. The inner and outer tubes of the adapter are located in the lower part of the adapter and form the main body of the lower part. The upper end of the outer tube is lower than the upper end of the inner tube, and an annular sealing plate is provided at the top of the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes to seal the top of the annular gap. The outer circle of the annular sealing plate is welded to the upper end of the outer tube, and the inner circle is welded to the inner tube, achieving a fixed connection and seal through welding. The air intake rotary joint is located in the lower part of the adapter, below the annular sealing plate. The outer tube diameter can be adjusted and the torsional strength of the inner tube of the joint (especially the inner tube of the joint located above the annular sealing plate) can be set according to actual needs, and the material can be selected according to the torque transmission requirements.
[0031] Depending on the actual needs, any other suitable type of adapter can also be used.
[0032] The power head is vertically guided (slidingly connected) to the guide rail column 63 in the column guiding system. A slider adapted to the guide rail column can be installed on the corresponding side of the power head according to existing technology. The main winch of the drilling rig drives the power head to move vertically (upward) via the wire rope pulley block 68. If necessary, a lower guide 66 and other facilities can also be installed according to existing technology.
[0033] The power head, its drive unit, and transmission structure can employ the same or similar technologies as existing long auger drilling rigs. The drive unit can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, along with corresponding control devices and power or hydraulic systems. The selection of electric motors and hydraulic motors should be suitable for the requirements of long auger drilling and concrete pouring.
[0034] Based on existing electric motor or hydraulic motor control technology and through reasonable matching settings, a dual-mode power system can be formed to better adapt to the operational requirements of cast-in-place piles and jet grouting piles. For example, by adjusting the power through a frequency converter, high torque can be used during cast-in-place pile construction to overcome soil cutting and soil carrying resistance; during the jet grouting stage of jet grouting piles, the rotation speed can be automatically reduced to adapt to the high-pressure jet grouting construction process. A single set of hydraulic motors and gearboxes is used, and the output flow of the variable pump is controlled by a PLC to switch between high-speed, high-torque drilling mode and low-speed, uniform jet grouting mode.
[0035] The concrete pump 41, high-pressure grouting pump 42, and air compressor 43, along with supporting facilities such as pipelines and valves, can be installed using any suitable existing technology, such as the corresponding facilities for long spiral drilling rigs and jet grouting rigs. The required concrete and cement slurry sources can be equipped according to existing technology, such as corresponding preparation facilities or tank trucks. The output pipes of the concrete pump and high-pressure grouting pump are both connected to the grout inlet of the rotary feed joint (connecting to the inlet of the inner tube hole of the rotary feed joint mandrel), and the output pipe of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the rotary feed joint (connecting to the inlet of the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes of the hollow main shaft). Valves can be used to control the flow of the pipelines between the concrete pump, high-pressure grouting pump, and air compressor and the rotary feed joint, enabling switching between concrete input and cement slurry input at the grout inlet. If necessary, the relevant pipelines can be installed and dismantled according to operational requirements. The output pipelines of the concrete pump, high-pressure grouting pump, and air compressor can be connected to or disconnected from the corresponding inlets of the rotary feed joint as needed. Hydraulic quick couplings can be installed at the grout inlet to facilitate pipeline installation and dismantling. Alternatively, a T-junction can be installed to connect both the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump output pipes, and control valves for concrete and cement slurry can be installed to allow for the switching of the two pipes and the actual connected pipe.
[0036] Dual pressure sensors (one for independent monitoring of concrete pressure and one for independent monitoring of cement slurry pressure) are set up according to actual needs, and the corresponding pressure data are transmitted to the intelligent monitoring system in real time, with automatic alarms in case of abnormalities.
[0037] A display and control cabinet 50 can be set up for centralized display and control operations.
[0038] The construction equipment of this invention can be used for the efficient construction of retaining wall piles (long spiral drilled cast-in-place piles) and curtain piles (jet grouting piles) using any of the construction methods disclosed in this invention. The following are the specific construction methods and related matters using the construction equipment of this invention.
[0039] I. Construction of retaining wall piles The working mode of the construction equipment is the retaining wall pile mode. Replace the retaining wall pile drilling tool (long spiral drill rod and drill bit) and use an alloy cutting drill bit. Connect the concrete pump pipeline, shut down the high-pressure grouting system and compressed air system, and set the power system to high torque power mode (≥200kN·m).
[0040] Once the long spiral drilling rig is basically in place, use a plumb line to center it, adjusting the rig's position until the center of the borehole coincides with the center of the pile location. It must be kept stable, without tilting or displacement. To accurately control the drilling depth, mark control scales on the rig frame or pipe for observation and recording during construction. After the drilling rig is positioned, a re-inspection should be conducted; the deviation between the drill bit and the pile location should not exceed 20mm.
[0041] When the drill bit first contacts the ground, close the drill bit seal. Lower the drill bit slowly, and avoid reversing or lifting the drill rod during drilling. The normal drilling speed can be controlled between 1-1.50 m / min. If the drill gets stuck, the rig shakes, or deviates during drilling, stop drilling, investigate the cause, and take corrective measures before continuing. Drilling operations should be carried out continuously in shifts. Drilling records should be filled out carefully, and the drilling progress and precautions for the next shift should be explained during shift handover. Pay close attention to changes in soil layers. Collect soil samples at points of change, identify the source, record it in the log, and verify it against the geological profile. Clean up the excavated soil promptly and transfer it to a designated storage area.
[0042] When the borehole reaches the design elevation, it shall be inspected by representatives of the design, construction, supervision and construction units in accordance with the relevant acceptance conditions and design requirements. Drilling may only be stopped after the borehole is confirmed to be completed.
[0043] The concrete must meet the design and specification requirements. The concrete slump should be controlled between 180-220mm and possess good workability and fluidity. The concrete slump must be inspected on-site; concrete that does not meet the requirements must not be used in this project. The maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 30mm. Pumping and grouting of the pile concrete should be continuous. When the drilling rig is moved, the concrete in the pump hopper should be continuously stirred. During pumping, the concrete height in the hopper should not be less than 400mm.
[0044] When raising the drill rod close to the ground, slow down the lifting speed and clean up the debris at the borehole opening in time to ensure the quality of the pile head concrete.
[0045] A designated person is responsible for observing the pump pressure and the lifting of the drilling rig. The lifting speed of the drill rod should match the pump speed, and it is strictly forbidden to lift the drill first and then pour the concrete. The pouring lifting speed should be controlled at 2.5m / min. It is strictly forbidden to lift the drill first and then pour the concrete to ensure the quality of the pile. The concrete should be poured to 0.5m above the designed pile top elevation.
[0046] Each pile driver shall produce no less than two sets of test blocks per shift, and a designated person shall be responsible for their production, curing, and testing in accordance with the specifications, with an age of 28 days.
[0047] II. Quality Control of Retaining Piles Concrete test block testing: every 50m of concrete poured 3 There must be at least one set of specimens, less than 50m. 3 For each pile, one set of test specimens must be prepared. The specimens should be cured under standard curing conditions for 28 days, and then subjected to a compressive strength test. The test results should meet the design strength grade requirements.
[0048] Pile integrity testing and low-strain testing: These tests assess the integrity of the pile body and determine the extent and location of any defects. The sampling quantity should generally be no less than 20% of the total number of piles, and no less than 10 piles. For important projects or piles in complex geological conditions, the sampling ratio may be appropriately increased.
[0049] III. High-Pressure Jet Grouting Construction The working mode of the construction equipment is jet grouting pile mode. Replace the upper jet grouting drill rod (dual-channel grout and air) and drill bit, connect the high-pressure grouting pump and air compressor (air pressure 0.5-0.7MPa), shut down the concrete system, and set the power system to high-speed rotation mode (≥30rpm).
[0050] Move the piling machine to the designated pile position and adjust its level and verticality to ensure that the deviation between the drill rod center and the pile position center does not exceed 50mm and the verticality deviation does not exceed 1%. Adjust the outriggers, chassis, and other components of the piling machine to ensure its stability and prevent tilting or displacement during construction.
[0051] Drilling should be carried out. During drilling, appropriate drill bits and drilling parameters should be selected according to the geological conditions, and the drilling speed should be controlled to prevent borehole deviation. The drilling depth should meet the design requirements. When encountering hard strata that are difficult to drill through, pre-blasting or other auxiliary measures can be used. After drilling is completed, rock cuttings and mud in the borehole should be cleaned up in a timely manner to keep the borehole unobstructed.
[0052] After the drill rod reaches the designed depth, a test grouting operation is conducted to check the operation of equipment such as the high-pressure grouting pump, air compressor, and drilling rig. Parameters such as grouting pressure, flow rate, air pressure, rotation speed, and lifting speed are adjusted to meet design requirements. The test grouting should be carried out on the ground to observe the shape, pressure, and flow rate of the jet stream, ensuring normal equipment operation and accurate parameter adjustments.
[0053] After the trial spraying is successful, start the high-pressure grouting pump and air compressor to inject high-pressure cement grout and compressed air into the hole. During the spraying process, parameters such as grouting pressure, flow rate, air pressure, rotation speed, and lifting speed should be kept stable, and construction should be carried out strictly in accordance with the design requirements.
[0054] The grouting pressure is generally 20-40 MPa, and can be adjusted according to the geological conditions and design requirements. In loose strata such as sand, the grouting pressure can be appropriately increased; in clay strata, the grouting pressure can be appropriately decreased.
[0055] The flow rate of cement slurry is generally 60-120L / min, which can be adjusted according to the pile diameter. For every 100mm increase in pile diameter, the flow rate increases by about 20L / min.
[0056] The air pressure is 0.5-0.7 MPa to ensure that the compressed air can be fully mixed with the cement slurry and enhance the cutting ability of the jet stream.
[0057] The rotation speed is generally 15-25 rpm to ensure that the cement slurry and soil are thoroughly mixed.
[0058] Lifting speed: 0.1-0.15 m / min in clay layers and 0.15-0.25 m / min in sand layers, adjusted according to geological conditions and design requirements.
[0059] While performing high-pressure jet grouting, the drill rod should be raised at a uniform speed according to the design until it reaches 0.5-1m above the designed pile top elevation to ensure the quality of the pile top. During the raising process, the rotation of the drill rod and the continuity of jet grouting should be maintained without interruption. If a malfunction occurs, raising and jet grouting should be stopped immediately. After the problem is resolved, the drill rod should be lowered back down to 0.5m below the stopping depth before continuing jet grouting and raising, ensuring the integrity and continuity of the pile body.
[0060] After the drill rod is raised to the designed pile top elevation, the jet grouting and rotation are stopped, and the drill rod is pulled out of the ground to complete the construction of one pile.
[0061] After each pile is constructed, the high-pressure grouting pump, grout delivery pipeline, mixing tank, and other equipment should be promptly cleaned with clean water to remove any residual cement slurry and prevent it from solidifying and clogging the pipelines and equipment. The cleaning wastewater should be discharged into a mud pit for sedimentation treatment and discharged only after meeting environmental protection requirements.
[0062] Move the equipment to the next pile location and repeat the above construction steps to construct the next pile.
[0063] IV. Quality Control of High-Pressure Jet Grouting Piles Core sampling: 7-28 days after construction, core sampling is used to test the quality of the piles. The number of core samples should be no less than 2% of the total number of piles, and no less than 3. By observing the integrity and uniformity of the core samples and measuring indicators such as the compressive strength of the pile, the quality of the pile is determined to meet the requirements.
[0064] Permeability test: For high-pressure jet grouting piles used for water-stop curtains, a permeability test should be conducted to detect the permeability coefficient of the pile body and evaluate the water-stopping effect.
[0065] The following is an efficiency and cost analysis based on actual engineering applications.
[0066] Pile quality: Subsequent tests and inspections showed that the pile quality met the design specifications and construction requirements.
[0067] Construction period comparison: Compared with using both long-pitch drilling rigs and high-pressure jet grouting drilling rigs, the construction period is reduced by 30%.
[0068] Cost savings: Equipment costs (based on rental fees and anticipated rental fees) are reduced by 40%, and overall labor and energy costs are reduced by 25%.
[0069] Most of the components and even assemblies of the construction equipment of this invention can be adopted from the relevant components and assemblies of existing long-pitch drilling rigs and high-pressure jet grouting drilling rigs. It has strong versatility, low manufacturing cost, mature technology, and conforms to existing operating methods and construction operation methods, which is conducive to equipment manufacturing and its promotion and application in practice.
[0070] Unless otherwise specified, the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in this invention can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific embodiments when one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means.
Claims
1. High-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, including: The main body of the drilling rig is equipped with a power head, and the power head is equipped with a feed rotary joint. The hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint extends from the bottom of the power head, and its lower end is equipped with a main shaft flange. A long spiral drill rod, with a long spiral drill rod flange at the upper end that can be connected to the spindle flange, and a long spiral drill bit at the lower end; A concrete pump is equipped with a concrete delivery pipe that can be connected to the feed inlet of a rotary feed joint to deliver concrete into the feed conversion joint. Its characteristic is that it further includes: The adapter has a single-pipe structure at the upper end and an upper flange that can be connected to the main shaft flange. The lower part has a double-pipe structure with an inner pipe and an outer pipe. The inner pipe is connected to the upper port of the adapter as the same pipe. The annular gap between the inner and outer pipes is not connected to the pipe hole of the inner pipe. The lower end of the outer pipe has a lower flange. An intake rotary joint is located at the lower part of the conversion joint, with the outer tube of the joint as its rotor, and its air inlet is connected to the annular gap between the inner and outer tubes of the joint. The jet grouting drill rod is equipped with an outer drill rod tube and an inner drill rod tube. The upper end of the outer drill rod tube is equipped with a jet grouting drill rod flange that can be connected to the lower flange of the connector. The upper end of the inner drill rod tube can be inserted into the lower end of the inner tube of the connector to achieve a coaxial insertion connection between the inner drill rod tube and the inner tube of the connector. The lower end of the jet grouting drill rod is connected to the jet grouting drill bit. The high-pressure grouting pump is equipped with a cement slurry delivery pipe that can be connected to the feed port of the feed rotary joint to deliver cement slurry into the feed conversion joint; The air compressor equipment has an output pipe that can be connected to the feed port of the feed rotary joint to send compressed air into the feed rotary joint.
2. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The upper part of the conversion joint is equipped with an outer pipe diameter changer and an inner flow guide diameter changer. Both the outer pipe diameter changer and the inner flow guide outer pipe diameter changer are tapered, with the inner flow guide diameter changer having a larger taper than the outer pipe diameter changer. The lower end of the outer pipe diameter changer is the same diameter as the outer pipe of the joint and is integrated with the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint. The upper end of the inner flow guide diameter changer is attached to the upper inner wall of the outer pipe diameter changer and is integrated with the outer pipe diameter changer, sealing the annular gap between the outer pipe diameter changer and the inner flow guide diameter changer. The lower end of the inner flow guide diameter changer is the same diameter as the inner pipe of the joint and is integrated with the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint. The flange on the joint is set at the upper end of the outer pipe diameter changer.
3. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The upper and lower parts of the conversion joint are separate. The upper part of the conversion joint is equipped with an outer pipe diameter reducer. Both ends of the outer pipe diameter reducer are equipped with flanges. The flange located at the upper end of the outer pipe diameter reducer is the upper flange of the joint. The flange located at the lower end of the outer pipe diameter reducer is connected to the flange at the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint located at the lower part of the conversion joint. The height of the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint is lower than the height of the upper end of the inner pipe of the joint. An annular sealing plate is provided between the outer pipe and the inner pipe of the joint to seal the top opening of the annular gap between them. The outer circle of the annular sealing plate is welded to the upper end of the outer pipe of the joint as a whole, and the inner circle is welded to the inner pipe of the joint.
4. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that... The drilling rig body is equipped with guide rail columns, and the power head is vertically guided and connected to the guide rail columns.
5. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The drilling rig body is equipped with a hoisting mechanism for driving the power head to rise. The hoisting mechanism is either a winch-type hoisting mechanism or an electric hoist.
6. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that... The feed inlet of the rotary joint is equipped with a quick feed connector, and the outer ends of the output pipes of the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are equipped with quick connection structures that match the quick feed connector.
7. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that... Both the output pipes of the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are connected to the inlet of the feed rotary joint, and each of the output pipes of the concrete pump and the high-pressure grouting pump is equipped with its own valve.
8. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... The power head's power system is a dual-mode power system, with two power modes adapted to the power requirements of retaining wall pile construction and curtain pile construction, respectively.
9. The high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The drive unit in the power system of the power head is an electric motor or hydraulic motor adapted to dual-mode operation. The power system of the power head is equipped with a control device for controlling the electric motor or hydraulic motor to operate in different modes.
10. A high-efficiency construction method for retaining wall piles and curtain piles, characterized in that... Using the high-efficiency construction equipment for retaining wall piles and curtain piles as described in any one of claims 1-9, when constructing retaining wall piles, a long spiral drill bit is assembled onto the power head, wherein the long spiral drill rod is directly connected to the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint, the connection between the concrete pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is connected, the connection between the high-pressure grouting pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is disconnected, and construction is carried out according to the retaining wall pile construction method of the long spiral drilling rig; when constructing curtain piles, a jet grouting drill bit is assembled onto the power head, wherein the jet grouting drill rod is connected to the hollow main shaft of the feed rotary joint through a conversion joint, the output pipe of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air intake rotary joint, the connection between the high-pressure grouting pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is connected, the connection between the concrete pump and the feed inlet of the feed rotary joint is disconnected, and construction is carried out according to the curtain pile construction method of the jet grouting drilling rig.