A guide hole device with switchable guiding and cutting functions and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of prestressed pipe pile construction, and proposes a hole guiding device with switchable guiding and cutting functions and a working method thereof, which comprises a steel cylinder main body, a conical guiding mechanism arranged at one end of the steel cylinder main body, a switching mechanism arranged at the other end of the steel cylinder main body, and a crushing mechanism sleeved on the steel cylinder main body; the crushing mechanism is connected with the switching mechanism; when acting on soft soil layers, the conical guiding mechanism guides the steel cylinder main body to drill; when acting on hard soil layers, the switching mechanism pushes the crushing mechanism towards the conical guiding mechanism, and the crushing mechanism is switched to work, so that flexible switching of the guiding and cutting functions is realized, the hole guiding efficiency and precision are improved, and the problems that the steel cylinder hole guiding device cannot simultaneously consider the guiding of soft soil layers and the crushing of hard soil layers, leading to difficult hole guiding and pile body deviation, can be solved in the prestressed pipe pile construction of the fishlight complementary project, and the subsequent prestressed pipe pile is ensured to be smoothly punched into the design elevation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of prestressed pipe pile construction technology, and particularly relates to a hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In solar-aquaculture complementary projects, prestressed pipe piles serve as the foundation for photovoltaic supports. Currently, conventional construction methods include using pile heads and pile tips or drilling with steel cylinders. Due to the obstruction of hard soil layers, even with the water excavation vibration frequency set to maximum, it is difficult to drive the prestressed pipe piles smoothly into the design elevation. Furthermore, problems such as pile body misalignment, pile tip damage, and low pile driving efficiency are prone to occur.

[0003] Existing steel cylinder borehole devices are mostly single guiding or single cutting structures. Guiding steel cylinders cannot effectively break hard soil layers, while cutting steel cylinders are prone to deflection in soft soil layers. It is difficult to meet the dual requirements of guiding and positioning soft soil layers and breaking and penetrating hard soil layers, which affects the subsequent pile driving quality and construction efficiency of prestressed pipe piles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a drilling device and its operating method that allows for switching between guiding and cutting functions. When operating on soft soil layers, the conical guiding mechanism guides the steel cylinder body during drilling; when operating on hard soil layers, the switching mechanism pushes the crushing mechanism towards the conical guiding mechanism, switching to the crushing mechanism's operation. This achieves flexible switching between guiding and cutting functions, improving drilling efficiency and accuracy. It solves the problem in prestressed pipe pile construction projects where the steel cylinder drilling device cannot simultaneously guide soft soil layers and crush hard soil layers, leading to drilling difficulties and pile body deviation, ensuring that subsequent prestressed pipe piles are successfully driven to the design elevation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions, employing the following technical solution: A hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions includes a steel cylinder body, a tapered guiding mechanism disposed at one end of the steel cylinder body, a switching mechanism disposed at the other end of the steel cylinder body, and a crushing mechanism sleeved on the steel cylinder body. The crushing mechanism is connected to the switching mechanism; when acting on soft soil, the conical guide mechanism guides the steel cylinder body to drill; when acting on hard soil, the switching mechanism pushes the crushing mechanism toward the conical guide mechanism, switching it to work as the crushing mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the tapered guide mechanism includes a cylindrical end, a first tapered segment disposed at one end of the cylindrical end, a second tapered segment disposed at one end of the first tapered segment away from the cylindrical end, and a tip disposed at the second tapered segment away from the first tapered segment.

[0007] Furthermore, a first drainage groove is provided on the first conical section, and a second drainage groove is provided on the second conical section.

[0008] Furthermore, the first drainage channel has a V-shaped groove structure along its length; the second drainage channel has a spiral structure; and the openings at the docking ends of the second drainage channel and the first drainage channel are interconnected.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the crushing mechanism is provided with a cutting edge.

[0010] Furthermore, the switching mechanism includes a telescopic component and a rotating connector disposed inside the steel cylinder body; the rotating connector is located between the crushing mechanism and the telescopic component; a driving mechanism is disposed outside the steel cylinder body; the steel cylinder body includes two parts that are rotatably connected to each other, the telescopic component and the driving mechanism are disposed on one part of the steel cylinder body, and the conical guide mechanism and the crushing mechanism are disposed on the other part of the steel cylinder body.

[0011] Furthermore, a gradient section is provided at the end of the crushing mechanism away from the driving mechanism, and a cutting edge is provided on the outer wall of the gradient section.

[0012] Furthermore, the gradient segment has a conical structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the gradient section has an opening for accommodating the tapered guide mechanism.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for operating a hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions, employing the following technical solution: A method for operating a drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions, using the drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in the first aspect, includes: when acting on a soft soil layer, the conical guiding mechanism guides the steel cylinder body to drill; when acting on a hard soil layer, the switching mechanism pushes the crushing mechanism toward the conical guiding mechanism, switching to the operation of the crushing mechanism.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention includes a steel cylinder body, a conical guiding mechanism at one end of the steel cylinder body, a switching mechanism at the other end of the steel cylinder body, and a crushing mechanism sleeved on the steel cylinder body. The crushing mechanism is connected to the switching mechanism. When acting on soft soil, the conical guiding mechanism guides the steel cylinder body to drill. When acting on hard soil, the switching mechanism pushes the crushing mechanism towards the conical guiding mechanism, switching it to work as the crushing mechanism. This achieves flexible switching between guiding and cutting functions, improves drilling efficiency and accuracy, and solves the problem that the steel cylinder drilling device cannot simultaneously guide soft soil and crush hard soil during the construction of prestressed pipe piles in fishery-solar complementary projects, leading to drilling difficulties and pile body deviation. This ensures that subsequent prestressed pipe piles are successfully driven into the design elevation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this embodiment, are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation of this embodiment.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hole-reaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an external view of the hole-drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered guide mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; The components include: 1. Steel cylinder body; 2. Conical guide mechanism; 21. Cylindrical end; 22. First conical section; 23. Second conical section; 24. Tip; 25. First diversion channel; 26. Second diversion channel; 3. Switching mechanism; 31. Telescopic component; 32. Rotating connecting component; 4. Crushing mechanism; 41. Cutting edge; 42. Gradient section; 43. Opening; 5. Drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0020] As described in the background section, in solar-aquaculture complementary projects, prestressed concrete pipe piles, used as the foundation for photovoltaic supports, typically require a depth of about 6 meters into the mud. During construction, a hard soil interlayer with a thickness of about 2-3 meters is often encountered. Currently, conventional construction methods use pile heads with pile tips or steel cylinders for pre-drilling. Due to the obstruction of the hard soil layer, even with the water excavation vibration frequency adjusted to the maximum, it is difficult to drive the prestressed concrete pipe piles smoothly into the design elevation, and problems such as pile body deviation, pile tip damage, and low pile driving efficiency are prone to occur.

[0021] Existing steel cylinder borehole devices are mostly single guiding or single cutting structures. Guiding steel cylinders cannot effectively break hard soil layers, while cutting steel cylinders are prone to deflection in soft soil layers. They cannot meet the dual requirements of guiding and positioning in soft soil layers and breaking and penetrating hard soil layers. They cannot adapt to the special working conditions of "soft soil + hard interlayer + shallow burial" in fishery-solar complementary projects, resulting in poor borehole drilling effect, which in turn affects the subsequent pile driving quality and construction efficiency of prestressed pipe piles.

[0022] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, one embodiment of the present invention provides a pre-hole drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions. This device solves the problem that, during the construction of prestressed pipe piles in a solar-fishery complementary project, the steel cylinder pre-hole drilling device cannot simultaneously guide soft soil layers and handle broken hard soil layers, leading to difficulties in pre-hole drilling and pile misalignment. It enables flexible switching between guiding and cutting functions, improves pre-hole drilling efficiency and accuracy, and ensures that subsequent prestressed pipe piles are successfully driven into the design elevation.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hole-reaming device includes a steel cylinder body 1, a conical guide mechanism 2 disposed at one end of the steel cylinder body 1, a switching mechanism 3 disposed at the other end of the steel cylinder body 1, and a crushing mechanism 4 sleeved on the steel cylinder body 1. The crushing mechanism 4 is connected to the switching mechanism 3. Specifically, when acting on soft soil, the conical guide mechanism 2 guides the steel cylinder body 1 to drill; when acting on hard soil, the switching mechanism 3 pushes the crushing mechanism 4 towards the conical guide mechanism 2, switching the operation to the crushing mechanism 4. This achieves flexible switching between guiding and cutting functions, improving drilling efficiency and accuracy. It solves the problem that the steel cylinder drilling device cannot simultaneously guide soft soil and crush hard soil during the construction of prestressed pipe piles in the fishery-solar complementary project, leading to drilling difficulties and pile body deviation, thus ensuring that subsequent prestressed pipe piles are successfully driven to the design elevation.

[0024] Optionally, the steel cylinder body 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its upper end connected to the vibratory pile driving equipment and its lower end detachably connected to the switching mechanism 3. The steel cylinder body 1 has a reserved channel inside for the subsequent driving of prestressed pipe piles, and the diameter of the channel is adapted to the outer diameter of the prestressed pipe pile.

[0025] Optionally, a hardness sensor or force feedback sensor can be installed on the conical guide mechanism 2. When the detected value is greater than a preset value, it is identified as a hard soil layer; otherwise, it is identified as a soft soil layer. Alternatively, the locations of the soft and hard soil layers can be determined in advance through geological exploration or seismic wave detection, and used as the basis for switching in turn.

[0026] The conical guide mechanism 2 is generally conical, with its large end connected to the telescopic end of the switching mechanism 3 and its small end facing downward. The outer wall of the conical guide mechanism 2 is smooth and is used for guiding and positioning in soft soil layers to prevent the main body of the steel cylinder from tilting during the drilling process.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the tapered guide mechanism 2 includes a cylindrical end 21, a first tapered section 22 disposed at one end of the cylindrical end 21, a second tapered section 23 disposed at one end of the first tapered section 22 away from the cylindrical end 21, and a tip 24 disposed at the second tapered section 23 away from the first tapered section 22.

[0028] Optionally, the cylindrical end 21 is connected to the steel cylinder body 1, the overall size of the second conical section 23 is smaller than that of the first conical section 22, and there is a transition platform between the second conical section 23 and the first conical section 22; during construction, it can work normally in the soft soil layer, and during the transition from the soft soil layer to the hard soil layer, the crushing mechanism 4 has not yet worked. At this time, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 preferentially act on the hard soil layer, ensuring the drilling effect and avoiding deviation problems.

[0029] The first conical segment 22 is provided with a first drainage groove 25, and the second conical segment 23 is provided with a second drainage groove 26. The cross-section of the first drainage groove 25 along its length is a V-shaped groove structure; the second drainage groove 26 is a spiral structure; and the docking end openings of the second drainage groove 26 and the first drainage groove 25 are interconnected.

[0030] During construction, during the transition from soft soil to hard soil, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 preferentially act on the hard soil. A small amount of soil can quickly flow upward through the second diversion channel 26 of the spiral structure, ensuring the drilling effect during the transition from soft soil to hard soil and avoiding deviation problems. At the same time, during the transition from hard soil to soft soil, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 will enter the soft soil in a short time and produce a large amount of soil in a short time. The large amount of soil can be diverted through the first diversion channel 25 of the V-shaped channel structure, ensuring the drilling effect during the transition from hard soil to soft soil.

[0031] Optionally, the switching mechanism 3 is a telescopic rod or other telescopic structure. After the soft soil layer transitions to the hard soil layer, the telescopic action of the switching mechanism 3 pushes the crushing mechanism 4 towards the conical guide mechanism. Simultaneously, the crushing mechanism 4 rotates, thus cutting the hard soil layer. The rotation of the crushing mechanism 4 can be achieved using conventional techniques, which will not be detailed here. It is understood that the outer wall of the steel cylinder body 1 is provided with elongated holes or grooves, and sliders are installed within these holes or grooves. The two ends of the sliders are respectively connected to the moving ends of the crushing mechanism 4 and the switching mechanism 3.

[0032] The switching mechanism 3 is located at the lower end of the steel cylinder body 1 and is used for the crushing mechanism 4 to move up and down relative to the conical guide mechanism 2 to switch between the guiding state and the cutting state: when the crushing mechanism 4 moves down to below the conical guide mechanism 2, it enters the cutting state; when the crushing mechanism 4 moves up to above the conical guide mechanism 2, the conical guide mechanism 2 is exposed and enters the guiding state.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the outer wall of the crushing mechanism 4 is provided with a cutting edge 41. Optionally, multiple cutting edges 41 are provided circumferentially on the outer wall of the crushing mechanism 4, and adjacent cutting edges 41 are arranged in a cross pattern to ensure the cutting effect on hard soil layers.

[0034] The crushing mechanism 4 is a ring structure that can be sleeved on the outside of the conical guide mechanism 2. Several sharp cutting edges 41 are evenly provided on the outer wall of the crushing mechanism 4. The cutting edges 41 can be made of wear-resistant alloy material. The height of the cutting edges 41 is adapted to the thickness of the hard soil layer (2-3m) and is used to crush the hard soil layer.

[0035] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switching mechanism 3 includes a telescopic member 31 and a rotating connector 32 disposed inside the steel cylinder body 1; the rotating connector 32 is located between the crushing mechanism 4 and the telescopic member 31; a driving mechanism 5 is disposed outside the steel cylinder body 1; the steel cylinder body 1 includes two parts that are rotatably connected to each other, the telescopic member 31 and the driving mechanism 5 are disposed on one part of the steel cylinder body 1, and the conical guide mechanism 2 and the crushing mechanism 4 are disposed on the other part of the steel cylinder body 1.

[0036] The telescopic component 31 can be an electric telescopic device, a hydraulic telescopic device, or other telescopic devices, capable of driving the crushing mechanism 4 to move back and forth. Similarly, the outer wall of the steel cylinder body 1 is provided with elongated holes or grooves, and a slider is provided in the elongated hole or groove. The two ends of the slider are respectively connected to the moving ends of the crushing mechanism 4 and the switching mechanism 3. The rotating connecting component 32 can be implemented using conventional technologies such as bearings, which will not be described in detail here. The driving part of the driving mechanism 5 can be implemented using conventional technologies such as motors, ring racks, and gears. The difference is that at the connection between the ring driving end of the driving mechanism 5 and the crushing mechanism 4, a slide rail, telescopic rod, or other telescopic mechanism is provided in the axial direction to meet the requirement of axial clearance variation between the driving mechanism 5 and the crushing mechanism 4 when the telescopic component 31 is in motion.

[0037] During operation, the telescopic component 31 actuates, causing the crushing mechanism 4 to move forward. Simultaneously, the drive mechanism 5 rotates, causing the crushing mechanism 4 to rotate as well. The cutting edge 41 on the crushing mechanism 4 acts on the hard soil layer in front. Conversely, when the telescopic component 31 actuates, it causes the crushing mechanism 4 to move backward, the drive mechanism 5 stops rotating, and the crushing mechanism 4 stops operating.

[0038] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the end of the crushing mechanism 4 away from the driving mechanism 5 is provided with a transition section 42. The outer wall of the transition section 42 is provided with a cutting edge 41. The transition section 42 has a conical structure, which improves the effect on hard soil layers.

[0039] The gradient section 42 has an opening 43 for accommodating the conical guide mechanism 2; it can be understood that the gradient section 42 is a hollow structure larger than the conical guide mechanism, the conical guide mechanism 2 is located inside the gradient section 42, and the entirety of the second conical section 23 and the tip 24, as well as the entirety or part of the first conical section 22 extend out of the opening 43.

[0040] During operation, in the soft soil layer, the entire second conical section 23 and the tip 24, as well as the entire or part of the first conical section 22, extend out of the opening 43, and the crushing mechanism 4 is not activated; after entering the hard soil layer, the transition section 42 moves forward under the action of the telescopic member 31, and the first conical section 22, the second conical section 23, and the tip 24 retract into the transition section 42. The driving mechanism drives the crushing mechanism to rotate, thus acting on the hard soil layer.

[0041] One embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for operating a drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions. The drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions includes: when acting on a soft soil layer, the conical guiding mechanism 2 guides the steel cylinder body 1 to drill; when acting on a hard soil layer, the switching mechanism 3 pushes the crushing mechanism 4 toward the conical guiding mechanism 2, switching the operation of the crushing mechanism 4.

[0042] It can work normally in soft soil layers. During the transition from soft soil layers to hard soil layers, the crushing mechanism 4 is not yet in operation. At this time, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 preferentially act on the hard soil layers, ensuring the drilling effect and avoiding deviation problems.

[0043] During the transition from soft soil to hard soil, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 preferentially act on the hard soil. A small amount of soil can quickly flow upward through the spiral structure of the second diversion channel 26, ensuring the drilling effect during the transition from soft soil to hard soil and avoiding deviation problems. At the same time, during the transition from hard soil to soft soil, the smaller tip 24 and the second conical section 23 will enter the soft soil in a short time and produce a large amount of soil in a short time. The large amount of soil can be diverted through the V-shaped channel structure of the first diversion channel 25, ensuring the drilling effect during the transition from hard soil to soft soil.

[0044] After the soft soil layer transitions to the hard soil layer, the switching mechanism 3 extends and retracts, pushing the crushing mechanism 4 toward the conical guide mechanism. At the same time, the crushing mechanism 4 rotates itself, thus cutting the hard soil layer.

[0045] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switching mechanism 3 includes a telescopic member 31 and a rotating connector 32 disposed inside the steel cylinder body 1; the rotating connector 32 is located between the crushing mechanism 4 and the telescopic member 31; a driving mechanism 5 is disposed outside the steel cylinder body 1; the steel cylinder body 1 includes two parts that are rotatably connected to each other, the telescopic member 31 and the driving mechanism 5 are disposed on one part of the steel cylinder body 1, and the conical guide mechanism 2 and the crushing mechanism 4 are disposed on the other part of the steel cylinder body 1.

[0046] The telescopic component 31 can be an electric telescopic device, a hydraulic telescopic device, or other telescopic devices, capable of driving the crushing mechanism 4 to move back and forth. Similarly, the outer wall of the steel cylinder body 1 is provided with elongated holes or grooves, and a slider is provided in the elongated hole or groove. The two ends of the slider are respectively connected to the moving ends of the crushing mechanism 4 and the switching mechanism 3. The rotating connecting component 32 can be implemented using conventional technologies such as bearings, which will not be described in detail here. The driving part of the driving mechanism 5 can be implemented using conventional technologies such as motors, ring racks, and gears. The difference is that at the connection between the ring driving end of the driving mechanism 5 and the crushing mechanism 4, a slide rail, telescopic rod, or other telescopic mechanism is provided in the axial direction to meet the requirement of axial clearance variation between the driving mechanism 5 and the crushing mechanism 4 when the telescopic component 31 is in motion.

[0047] During operation, the telescopic component 31 actuates, causing the crushing mechanism 4 to move forward. Simultaneously, the drive mechanism 5 rotates, causing the crushing mechanism 4 to rotate as well. The cutting edge 41 on the crushing mechanism 4 acts on the hard soil layer in front. Conversely, when the telescopic component 31 actuates, it causes the crushing mechanism 4 to move backward, the drive mechanism 5 stops rotating, and the crushing mechanism 4 stops operating.

[0048] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the end of the crushing mechanism 4 away from the driving mechanism 5 is provided with a transition section 42. The outer wall of the transition section 42 is provided with a cutting edge 41. The transition section 42 has a conical structure, which improves the effect on hard soil layers.

[0049] The gradient section 42 has an opening 43 for accommodating the conical guide mechanism 2; it can be understood that the gradient section 42 is a hollow structure larger than the conical guide mechanism, the conical guide mechanism 2 is located inside the gradient section 42, and the entirety of the second conical section 23 and the tip 24, as well as the entirety or part of the first conical section 22 extend out of the opening 43.

[0050] During operation, in the soft soil layer, the entire second conical section 23 and the tip 24, as well as the entire or part of the first conical section 22, extend out of the opening 43, and the crushing mechanism 4 is not activated; after entering the hard soil layer, the transition section 42 moves forward under the action of the telescopic member 31, and the first conical section 22, the second conical section 23, and the tip 24 retract into the transition section 42. The driving mechanism drives the crushing mechanism to rotate, thus acting on the hard soil layer.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this practice and is not intended to limit the scope of this practice. Various modifications and variations can be made to this practice by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this practice should be included within the protection scope of this practice.

Claims

1. A hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions, characterized in that, It includes a steel cylinder body (1), a conical guide mechanism (2) disposed at one end of the steel cylinder body (1), a switching mechanism (3) disposed at the other end of the steel cylinder body (1), and a crushing mechanism (4) sleeved on the steel cylinder body (1). The crushing mechanism (4) is connected to the switching mechanism (3); when acting on soft soil, the conical guide mechanism (2) guides the steel cylinder body (1) to drill; when acting on hard soil, the switching mechanism (3) pushes the crushing mechanism (4) toward the conical guide mechanism (2) and switches to the operation of the crushing mechanism (4).

2. The hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conical guide mechanism (2) includes a cylindrical end (21), a first conical segment (22) disposed at one end of the cylindrical end (21), a second conical segment (23) disposed at one end of the first conical segment (22) away from the cylindrical end (21), and a tip (24) disposed at the second conical segment (23) away from the first conical segment (22).

3. The hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first conical section (22) is provided with a first drainage groove (25), and the second conical section (23) is provided with a second drainage groove (26).

4. A hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first drainage channel (25) has a V-shaped groove structure in the length direction; the second drainage channel (26) has a spiral structure; the second drainage channel (26) is connected to the docking end opening of the first drainage channel (25).

5. A hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the crushing mechanism (4) is provided with a cutting edge (41).

6. A hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching mechanism (3) includes a telescopic member (31) and a rotating connector (32) disposed inside the steel cylinder body (1); the rotating connector (32) is located between the crushing mechanism (4) and the telescopic member (31); a driving mechanism (5) is disposed outside the steel cylinder body (1); the steel cylinder body (1) includes two parts that are rotatably connected to each other, the telescopic member (31) and the driving mechanism (5) are disposed on one part of the steel cylinder body (1), and the conical guide mechanism (2) and the crushing mechanism (4) are disposed on the other part of the steel cylinder body (1).

7. A hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (4) has a gradient section (42) at one end away from the driving mechanism (5), and a cutting edge (41) is provided on the outer wall of the gradient section (42).

8. A hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The transition section (42) has a conical structure.

9. A hole-drilling device with switchable guiding and cutting functions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The gradient section (42) has an opening (43) for accommodating the tapered guide mechanism (2).

10. A method for operating a hole-reaming device with switchable guiding and cutting functions, characterized in that, The drilling device using the switchable guiding and cutting function as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes: when acting on a soft soil layer, the conical guiding mechanism (2) guides the steel cylinder body (1) to drill; when acting on a hard soil layer, the switching mechanism (3) pushes the crushing mechanism (4) toward the conical guiding mechanism (2) to switch the operation of the crushing mechanism (4).

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