By-pass valve and drilling apparatus

Abstract

The bypass valve comprises a body shell, an outer cylinder assembly coaxially and fixedly arranged in the body shell, and a valve core assembly slidably arranged in the outer cylinder assembly in the axial direction, and a bypass hole is arranged on the part of the body shell exceeding the outer cylinder assembly; the valve core assembly is sleeved with a reset spring, and the two ends of the reset spring are respectively abutted with the valve core assembly and the outer cylinder assembly; the outer side wall of the valve core assembly is provided with a limiting protrusion, the inner side wall of the outer cylinder assembly is provided with a first groove and a second groove which are selectively matched with the limiting protrusion in the axial direction; the first groove and the second groove are alternately distributed in the circumferential direction, and the axial depth of the first groove is greater than that of the second groove. Only the downward pressure of the drilling fluid and the elastic force of the reset spring 4 are required to jointly act on the valve core assembly 3 so that the valve core assembly 3 can reciprocate in the outer cylinder assembly 2 in the axial direction between the closed position and the open position, the bypass valve can be cyclically opened and closed, the bypass hole 11 can be opened and closed for an unlimited number of times, a driving device does not need to be additionally arranged, the structure is relatively simple, and the energy consumption is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a bypass valve and drilling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling technology is a core technology in oil and gas exploration and development, and its efficiency and safety directly affect extraction costs and benefits. During the drilling process, the circulation and pressure control of drilling fluid are crucial for maintaining wellbore stability and ensuring drill string safety. Drilling fluid not only cools the drill bit and carries cuttings, but also balances formation pressure through precise hydraulic control, preventing wellbore collapse or fluid intrusion.

[0003] As a key control component in drilling equipment, the bypass valve is typically installed at the top of the drill string. Its main function is to dynamically regulate the flow path of the drilling fluid, ensuring downhole pressure balance and efficient fluid delivery. In conventional drilling operations, the bypass valve maintains a stable fluid circulation; however, under complex geological conditions, the bypass valve can quickly switch flow channels and adjust the direction of drilling fluid flow, effectively preventing major safety accidents such as blowouts and lost circulation.

[0004] However, the design of existing bypass valves still faces significant technical bottlenecks. Existing drilling equipment bypass valves have numerous actuators, each of which consumes a large amount of energy to operate. Furthermore, each actuator involves an even greater number of components, resulting in complex structures and high energy consumption in existing bypass valves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bypass valve and drilling equipment that can achieve the cyclic opening or closing of the bypass hole with only the downward pressure of the drilling fluid and the elastic force of the return spring, thus solving the technical problems of the complex structure and high energy consumption of the existing bypass valve.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bypass valve, comprising a main body shell, an outer cylinder assembly coaxially fixed within the main body shell, and a valve core assembly slidably passing through the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction. The portion of the main body shell extending beyond the outer cylinder assembly is provided with a bypass hole. A return spring is sleeved on the valve core assembly, with both ends of the return spring abutting against the valve core assembly and the outer cylinder assembly, respectively.

[0007] The outer side wall of the valve core assembly is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the inner side wall of the outer cylinder assembly is provided with a first groove and a second groove that mate with the limiting protrusion along the axial direction; the first groove and the second groove are alternately distributed along the circumference, and the axial depth of the first groove is greater than the axial depth of the second groove.

[0008] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly does not exceed the set pressure, the limit protrusion and the second groove engage axially, the valve core assembly is in the closed position, and the valve core assembly blocks the bypass hole;

[0009] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction under the action of the current drilling pressure, squeezing the return spring until the limiting protrusion disengages from the second groove; when the current drilling pressure does not exceed the set pressure, the valve core assembly rotates circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder assembly under the action of the return spring until the limiting protrusion aligns with the first groove; the return spring pushes the valve core assembly to slide upward relative to the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction to the open position, the limiting protrusion and the first groove cooperate axially, and the valve core assembly opens the bypass hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the valve core assembly includes an axially slidably fitted switch valve body and a switch inner cylinder;

[0011] The valve body has several guide teeth distributed circumferentially at one end facing the inner cylinder of the switch, and each guide tooth has an inclined tooth surface.

[0012] The sidewall of the second groove is formed with a positioning slope, and a transition protrusion is formed between the second groove and the first groove. The end of the transition protrusion is formed with a guiding slope.

[0013] The limiting protrusion is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder of the switch, and the end of the limiting protrusion facing the switch valve body is provided with a guide slope;

[0014] The inclined angles of the inclined tooth surface, guide inclined surface, positioning inclined surface, and guide inclined surface are the same;

[0015] When the limiting protrusion and the second groove are engaged axially, the guide slope and the positioning slope abut against each other;

[0016] When the limiting protrusion disengages from the second groove, the inclined tooth surface abuts against the guide slope, and the inner cylinder of the switch rotates circumferentially relative to the switch valve body under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface until the guide slope and the positioning slope are misaligned circumferentially; when the inner cylinder of the switch slides axially upward with the switch valve body under the action of the return spring, the guide slope abuts against the guide slope, and the inner cylinder of the switch continues to rotate circumferentially relative to the switch valve body under the guidance of the guide slope until the limiting protrusion aligns with the first groove.

[0017] In some embodiments, the outer cylinder assembly includes a switch outer cylinder, which is sleeved on the switch valve body; a first groove and a second groove are both provided on the switch outer cylinder;

[0018] The outer wall of the switch valve body is provided with a guide protrusion, which is slidably engaged with the first groove along the axial direction. The guide protrusion is used to guide the switch valve body to slide along the axial direction of the outer cylinder.

[0019] The inner cylinder of the switch extends towards the end of the switch valve body and is provided with a guide shaft section, which can slide with the guide through hole of the switch valve body.

[0020] In some embodiments, the end of the main body housing away from the bypass hole is integrally provided with an end baffle; the outer cylinder assembly also includes a locking baffle that is detachably fixed in the main body housing, and the two ends of the switch outer cylinder abut against the end baffle and the locking baffle, respectively.

[0021] In some embodiments, an upper connector is also included, which is slidably disposed axially through the body housing and extends into the outer cylinder of the switch; the switch valve body is provided with a threaded through hole, which is threadedly connected to the upper connector.

[0022] The threaded through hole and the guide through hole are coaxially connected. The inner diameter of the threaded through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide through hole so that a limiting shoulder is formed at the connection between the threaded through hole and the guide through hole. The inner cylinder of the switch abuts against the limiting shoulder along the axial direction.

[0023] In some embodiments, the valve core assembly further includes a sliding valve stem and a sliding valve block fixedly connected to the sliding valve stem;

[0024] The sliding valve stem can slide through the locking baffle along the axial direction; the end of the sliding valve stem away from the sliding valve block is provided with a centering boss, and the end of the switch inner cylinder is provided with a centering groove, and the centering boss can slide with the centering groove along the axial direction.

[0025] The bottom of the centering groove is formed with a stop shoulder, and the end face of the centering boss abuts against the stop shoulder along the axial direction.

[0026] In some embodiments, a mounting groove for mounting the switch outer cylinder is formed at the center of the main body shell, and the sliding valve block is slidably engaged with the mounting groove along the axial direction; the sliding valve block is provided with a plurality of fluid flow holes that pass through along the axial direction.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the sliding valve stem is provided with a limiting flange, which abuts against the end face of the inner cylinder of the switch along the axial direction;

[0028] The two ends of the return spring abut against the limiting flange and the locking baffle, respectively.

[0029] In some embodiments, a lower connector is also included, wherein the end of the body housing away from the upper connector is detachably connected to the lower connector.

[0030] The present invention also provides a drilling device including the above-described bypass valve.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention optimizes the structure of the bypass valve. The optimized bypass valve includes a main body shell, an outer cylinder assembly coaxially fixed in the main body shell, and a valve core assembly slidably passing through the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction. The part of the main body shell that exceeds the outer cylinder assembly is provided with a bypass hole. The valve core assembly is provided with a return spring, and the two ends of the return spring abut against the valve core assembly and the outer cylinder assembly respectively. The first groove and the second groove provided on the inner side wall of the outer cylinder assembly are selectively matched with the limiting protrusion provided on the outer side wall of the valve core assembly along the axial direction.

[0032] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly does not exceed the set pressure, the limit protrusion and the second groove engage axially, and the valve core assembly is in the closed position, blocking the bypass hole.

[0033] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction under the action of the current drilling pressure, squeezing the return spring until the limiting protrusion disengages from the second groove; when the current drilling pressure does not exceed the set pressure, the valve core assembly rotates circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder assembly under the action of the return spring until the limiting protrusion aligns with the first groove. Then, the return spring pushes the valve core assembly to slide upward relative to the outer cylinder assembly along the axial direction until the valve core assembly reaches the open position. At this time, the limiting protrusion and the first groove cooperate axially, and the valve core assembly opens the bypass hole.

[0034] Therefore, under the current drilling pressure of the drilling fluid and the action of the return spring, the valve core assembly in this invention slides axially between the closed position and the open position within the outer cylinder assembly, so that the valve core assembly correspondingly blocks or opens the bypass hole. No additional driving equipment is required, the structure is relatively simple, and the energy consumption is low. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a bypass valve provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the outer shell of the main body;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the central switch;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the switch valve body;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A half-section view;

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the inner cylinder of the switch;

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6A half-section view;

[0043] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the sliding valve stem;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sliding valve block;

[0045] Figure 10 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the upper and middle joint;

[0046] Figure 11a for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the guide slope of the middle limiting protrusion abuts against the positioning slope of the second groove;

[0047] Figure 11b for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the inclined toothed surface of the switch valve body abuts against the guide slope of the limit protrusion;

[0048] Figure 11c for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the guide slope of the inner cylinder of the switch abuts against the guide slope of the outer cylinder of the switch;

[0049] Figure 11d for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the middle limiting protrusion is aligned with the first groove;

[0050] Figure 11e for Figure 1 A diagram showing the axial fit between the middle limiting protrusion and the first groove;

[0051] Figure 11f for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the inclined toothed surface of the switch valve body abuts against the guide slope of the limiting protrusion;

[0052] Figure 11g for Figure 1 A diagram showing the state when the guide slope of the inner cylinder of the switch abuts against the positioning slope of the outer cylinder of the switch;

[0053] Figure 11h for Figure 1 Diagram showing the state when the middle limiting protrusion and the second groove are engaged axially;

[0054] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0055] 1. Main body housing; 2. Outer cylinder assembly; 3. Valve core assembly; 4. Return spring; 5. Upper connector; and 6. Lower connector;

[0056] Bypass hole 11, end baffle 12 and mounting groove 13;

[0057] Switch outer cylinder 21 and locking baffle 22;

[0058] First groove 211, second groove 212 and transition protrusion 213;

[0059] Positioning ramp 2121;

[0060] Guide slope 2131;

[0061] The valve body 31, the inner cylinder 32, the sliding valve stem 33, and the sliding valve block 34;

[0062] Guide tooth 311, guide protrusion 312, guide through hole 313, threaded through hole 314 and limiting shoulder 315;

[0063] Inclined tooth surface 3111;

[0064] Limiting protrusion 321, guide shaft section 322, and centering groove 323;

[0065] Guide slope 3211;

[0066] Stop shoulder 3231;

[0067] Centering boss 331 and limiting flange 332;

[0068] Liquid flow hole 341. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] This invention discloses a bypass valve, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1As shown, the system includes a main body shell 1, an outer cylinder assembly 2, and a valve core assembly 3. The main body shell 1 is cylindrical. The axial direction in this text refers to the direction parallel to the centerline of the main body shell 1, and the circumferential direction refers to the direction parallel to the tangent of the main body shell 1. The outer cylinder assembly 2 is fixed inside the main body shell 1. The valve core assembly 3 is slidably inserted through the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction, meaning that the valve core assembly 3 can slide relative to the main body shell 1 along the axial direction. A bypass hole 11 is provided on the portion of the main body shell 1 that extends beyond the outer cylinder assembly 2. All bypass holes 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main body shell 1. The valve core assembly 3 closes or opens the bypass holes 11 by sliding. When the bypass hole 11 is open, the drilling fluid inside the valve core assembly 3 flows radially through the bypass hole 11 to the annular channel, thus reducing pressure through flow diversion in the bypass hole 11.

[0072] The valve core assembly 3 is fitted with a reset spring 4. The two ends of the reset spring 4 abut against the valve core assembly 3 and the outer cylinder assembly 2 respectively, and are used to assist the valve core assembly 3 in resetting by means of elastic force when the current drilling pressure on the valve core assembly 3 decreases.

[0073] The outer wall of the valve core assembly 3 is provided with a limiting protrusion 321, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder assembly 2 is provided with a first groove 211 and a second groove 212. The first groove 211 and the second groove 212 axially engage with the limiting protrusion 321, respectively limiting the valve core assembly 3 to remain in the open or closed position. The first groove 211 and the second groove 212 are alternately distributed circumferentially, and the axial depth of the first groove 211 is greater than the axial depth of the second groove 212. In addition, the widths of the first groove 211, the second groove 212, and the limiting protrusion 321 are equal.

[0074] When the drilling equipment is in normal drilling operation, the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 does not exceed the set pressure. The limiting protrusion 321 and the second groove 212 engage axially, and the valve core assembly 3 is in the closed position, blocking the bypass hole 11. The set drilling pressure mentioned in the text is the critical drilling pressure that drives the valve core assembly 3 to move axially relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2.

[0075] When drilling into a lost circulation zone to plug leaking slurry or water holes and establish a channel, if the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly 3 slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction under the action of the current drilling pressure, squeezing the return spring 4 until the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the second groove 212. As the current drilling pressure decreases, when it does not exceed the set pressure, the return spring 4 restores its elastic deformation, and the valve core assembly 3 rotates circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 under the action of the return spring 4 until the limiting protrusion 321 aligns with the first groove 211. As the current drilling pressure continues to decrease, the return spring 4 pushes the valve core assembly 3 to slide upward relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction until the valve core assembly 3 reaches the open position. At this time, the limiting protrusion 321 and the first groove 211 engage axially, and the valve core assembly 3 opens the bypass hole 11.

[0076] When the bypass valve completes its plugging or channel establishment function, and the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly 3 slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction under the action of the current drilling pressure, squeezing the return spring 4 until the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the first groove 211. As the current drilling pressure decreases, when it does not exceed the set pressure, the return spring 4 restores its elastic deformation, and the valve core assembly 3 rotates circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 under the action of the return spring 4 until the limiting protrusion 321 aligns with the second groove 212. As the current drilling pressure continues to decrease, the return spring 4 pushes the valve core assembly 3 to slide upward relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction until the valve core assembly 3 reaches the closed position. At this time, the limiting protrusion 321 and the second groove 212 engage axially, and the valve core assembly 3 closes the bypass hole 11.

[0077] This completes one cycle of opening and closing the bypass valve. If leakage or other issues occur again, the above operation can be repeated to open and close the bypass valve again. This cycle can be repeated an infinite number of times. Throughout the process, only the downward pressure of the drilling fluid and the elastic force of the return spring 4 are needed to make the valve core assembly 3 slide axially back and forth between the closed and open positions within the outer cylinder assembly 2. The valve core assembly 3 correspondingly blocks or opens the bypass hole 11. No additional drive equipment is required, the structure is relatively simple, and the energy consumption is low.

[0078] The "open position" in the text refers to the position of the valve core assembly 3 when it opens the bypass hole 11, and the "closed position" refers to the position of the valve core assembly 3 when it blocks the bypass hole 11.

[0079] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the valve core assembly 3 includes a switch valve body 31 and a switch inner cylinder 32 that are slidably fitted along the axial direction, allowing the switch inner cylinder 32 to slide relative to the switch valve body 31 along the axial direction, thereby adjusting the position of the switch inner cylinder 32. Both the switch valve body 31 and the switch inner cylinder 32 are cylindrical. (See attached diagram) Figure 4 and 5As shown, the end of the switch valve body 31 facing the inner cylinder 32 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed guide teeth 311, which can be triangular pointed teeth. Each guide tooth 311 has an inclined tooth surface 3111.

[0080] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the second groove 212 is specifically a V-shaped groove provided on the inner side wall of the switch outer cylinder 21. The side wall of the second groove 212 forms a positioning inclined surface 2121. The second groove 212 is formed by the positioning inclined surface 2121 and the stop plane intersecting at an angle. The stop plane is parallel to the central axis of the switch outer cylinder 21. The first groove 211 is specifically a rectangular groove provided on the inner side wall of the switch outer cylinder 21 and extending axially. A transition protrusion 213 is formed between the second groove 212 and the first groove 211. The end of the transition protrusion 213 forms a guiding inclined surface 2131.

[0081] As attached Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the limiting protrusion 321 is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 32 of the switch. All the limiting protrusions 321 extend along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 32 of the switch and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner cylinder 32 of the switch. The end of the limiting protrusion 321 facing the switch valve body 31 is provided with a guide slope 3211. The inclined tooth surface 3111, the guide slope 2131, the positioning slope 2121 and the guide slope 3211 have the same inclination angle, which can not only limit the position of the inner cylinder 32 of the switch along the axial direction, but also guide the inner cylinder 32 of the switch to rotate circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder 21 of the switch when the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the first groove 211 or the second groove 212.

[0082] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly 3 does not exceed the set pressure, the limiting protrusion 321 and the second groove 212 engage axially, and the guide slope 3211 abuts against the positioning slope 2121.

[0083] When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly 3 exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly 3 slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction until the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the second groove 212; when the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the second groove 212, the inclined tooth surface 3111 abuts against the guide inclined surface 3211, and the reset elastic element applies an elastic force to the switch inner cylinder 32. Under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface 3111, the switch inner cylinder 32 rotates circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 until the guide inclined surface... 3211 is offset from the positioning inclined surface 2121 in the circumferential direction; when the inner cylinder of the switch 32 slides upward along the axial direction with the switch valve body 31 under the action of the return spring 4, the guide inclined surface 3211 abuts against the guide inclined surface 2131, and the inner cylinder of the switch 32 continues to rotate in the circumferential direction relative to the switch valve body 31 under the guidance of the guide inclined surface 2131 until the limiting protrusion 321 is aligned with the first groove 211, so that the limiting protrusion 321 smoothly enters the first groove 211 under the push of the return spring 4.

[0084] Therefore, under the combined action of the current drilling pressure and the return spring 4, the inner cylinder 32 of the switch can rotate circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 only under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface 3111 and the guide inclined surface 2131. No additional driving equipment is required for opening or closing the bypass valve, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0085] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the outer cylinder assembly 2 includes a switch outer cylinder 21, which is sleeved outside the switch valve body 31 and is fixedly installed. The switch valve body 31 is slidably installed axially inside the switch outer cylinder 21, and is used to transmit the downward pressure of the drilling fluid to the switch inner cylinder 32. A first groove 211 and a second groove 212 are both provided in the switch outer cylinder 21, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown. The outer wall of the switch valve body 31 is provided with a guide protrusion 312, which is slidably engaged with the first groove 211 along the axial direction. The guide protrusion 312 is used to guide the switch valve body 31 to slide along the outer cylinder 21 along the axial direction and can restrict the circumferential rotation of the switch valve body 31 relative to the outer cylinder 21, thereby reducing the risk of loosening of the threaded connection between the switch valve body 31 and the upper connector 5 and improving the connection strength between the switch valve body 31 and the upper connector 5. The inner cylinder 32 extends towards the switch valve body 31 and is provided with a guide shaft section 322, which is slidably engaged with the guide through hole 313 of the switch valve body 31. The guide shaft end is used to guide the inner cylinder 32 to slide along the axial direction relative to the switch valve body 31.

[0086] The outer casing 1 of the main body is integrally provided with an end baffle 12 at one end away from the bypass hole 11, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown in the attached diagram. The outer cylinder assembly 2 also includes a locking baffle 22 detachably fixed inside the main body housing 1. The two ends of the switch outer cylinder 21 abut against the end baffle 12 and the locking baffle 22, respectively, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown, the position of the switch outer cylinder 21 is axially defined, so that the switch outer cylinder 21 is pressed between the end baffle 12 and the locking baffle 22, ensuring that the switch outer cylinder 21 is reliably fixed inside the main body housing 1. The mounting groove 13 of the outer cylinder assembly 2 and the locking baffle 22 are preferably connected by threads, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the switch outer cylinder 21 and the valve core assembly 3.

[0087] The bypass valve also includes an upper connector 5, as shown in the attached document. Figure 10 As shown, the upper connector 5 is slidably inserted into the outer shell 1 of the main body along the axial direction and extends into the outer cylinder 21 of the switch; the switch valve body 31 is provided with a threaded through hole 314, which is threadedly connected to the upper connector 5 to ensure a reliable connection between the upper connector 5 and the switch valve body 31, so that the upper connector 5 can transmit the downward pressure of the drilling fluid to the switch valve body 31.

[0088] The drilling fluid in the upper connector 5 flows axially sequentially through the switch valve body 31, the switch inner cylinder 32, the sliding valve stem 33, and the lower connector 6. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 and 10 As shown, the upper connector 5 has a female connector at the end away from the switch valve body 31, and the female connector is connected to the upper drill string. The outer wall of the upper connector 5 is stepped, including a first shaft segment, a second shaft segment, and a third shaft segment connected coaxially along the axial direction. The diameters of the three segments decrease sequentially. A first shoulder is formed between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment to limit the insertion depth of the upper connector 5 in the body housing 1 along the axial direction, preventing the upper connector 5 from being completely drilled into the body housing 1. The second shaft segment is slidably fitted with the body housing 1, and the third shaft segment is inserted into the threaded through hole 314 of the switch valve body 31 and threadedly connected to the threaded through hole 314, facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the switch valve body 31.

[0089] As attached Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the threaded through hole 314 and the guide through hole 313 are coaxially connected and both are located on the inner wall of the switch valve body 31. The inner diameter of the threaded through hole 314 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide through hole 313, so that the connection between the threaded through hole 314 and the guide through hole 313 forms a limiting shoulder 315. The switch inner cylinder 32 abuts against the limiting shoulder 315 along the axial direction, which is used to limit the position of the switch inner cylinder 32 relative to the switch valve body 31 along the axial direction, so as to prevent the switch inner cylinder 32 from excessively entering the switch valve body 31 under the action of the return spring 4, reducing the risk of the switch valve body 31 getting stuck, resulting in a lower failure rate and more reliable operation of the bypass valve.

[0090] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the valve core assembly 3 also includes a sliding valve stem 33 and a sliding valve block 34 fixedly connected to the sliding valve stem 33. The sliding valve stem 33 can slide axially through the locking baffle 22, and the sliding valve block 34 is fixed to the end of the sliding valve stem 33 that extends out of the locking baffle 22. The sliding valve stem 33 and the sliding valve block 34 are connected by threads, which makes assembly more convenient.

[0091] As attached Figure 8 As shown, the end of the sliding valve stem 33 furthest from the sliding valve block 34 is provided with a centering boss 331, and the end of the switch inner cylinder 32 is provided with a centering groove 323, ensuring that the sliding valve stem 33 and the switch inner cylinder 32 are coaxial. The centering boss 331 is slidably engaged with the centering groove 323 along the axial direction, so that the sliding valve stem 33 and the switch inner cylinder 32 achieve a clearance fit. The bottom of the centering groove 323 forms a stop shoulder 3231, and the end face of the centering boss 331 abuts against the stop shoulder 3231 along the axial direction, thereby axially limiting the position of the sliding valve stem 33 and preventing the sliding valve stem 33 from excessively penetrating into the switch inner cylinder 32 under the action of the return spring 4, which would cause the sliding valve stem 33 to become stuck. It should also be noted that the central through holes of the upper connector 5, the switch inner cylinder 32, and the sliding valve stem 33 are coaxially connected from top to bottom.

[0092] The outer casing 1 has a mounting groove 13 at its center, and the switch outer cylinder 21 is fixed within the mounting groove 13. The outer diameter of the sliding valve block 34 is equal to the inner diameter of the mounting groove 13, and the sliding valve block 34 and the mounting groove 13 are axially slidably fitted, so that the inner sidewall of the mounting groove 13 guides the sliding valve block 34 to slide synchronously with the sliding valve rod 33 along the axial direction, preventing the sliding valve block 34 from getting stuck. The sliding valve block 34 is provided with several axially penetrating fluid flow holes 341 to provide a channel for the flow of drilling fluid. Considering that the sliding valve block 34 is annular, the fluid flow holes 341 can specifically be fan-shaped through holes, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 As shown, but not limited to.

[0093] The outer wall of the sliding valve stem 33 is provided with a limiting flange 332, which abuts against the end face of the inner cylinder 32 of the switch along the axial direction. The limiting flange 332 limits the position of the sliding valve stem 33 relative to the inner cylinder 32 of the switch along the axial direction and prevents the sliding valve stem 33 from sliding out of the outer cylinder 21 of the switch when the sliding valve stem 33 moves downward with the inner cylinder 32 of the switch. The two ends of the return spring 4 abut against the limiting flange 332 and the locking baffle 22 respectively to ensure that the return elasticity is fixed and reliable, so that the return spring 4 provides an upward elastic force to the valve core assembly 3 by restoring its elastic deformation.

[0094] The bypass valve also includes a lower connector 6. The end of the main body housing 1 away from the upper connector 5 is detachably connected to the lower connector 6. When the valve core assembly 3 closes the bypass hole 11, the drilling fluid flows from top to bottom through the upper connector 5, the switch inner cylinder 32, the sliding valve stem 33 and the lower connector 6 in sequence.

[0095] The working principle of the bypass valve provided by this invention is as follows:

[0096] When the drilling equipment is in normal drilling operation, the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 by the drilling fluid does not exceed the set pressure. The limiting protrusion 321 and the second groove 212 are axially engaged, and the guide slope 3211 of the limiting protrusion 321 abuts against the positioning slope 2121 of the second groove 212 (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 11a As shown), at this time, the valve core assembly 3 is in the closed position, and the valve core assembly 3 blocks the bypass hole 11.

[0097] When drilling into a lost circulation zone and plugging leaking slurry or water holes to establish a channel, if the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 exceeds the set pressure, the switch valve body 31, under the action of the current drilling pressure, pushes the inner switch cylinder 32 to slide downward axially relative to the outer switch cylinder 21 until the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the second groove 212, and the inclined tooth surface 3111 of the switch valve body 31 abuts against the guide inclined surface 3211 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 11b(As shown); Simultaneously, the sliding valve stem 33 moves axially downwards synchronously with the inner cylinder 32 of the switch, and the return spring 4 is pressed between the limiting flange 332 and the locking baffle 22; When the current drilling pressure decreases, and the current drilling pressure does not exceed the set pressure, the return spring 4 restores its elastic deformation, and the return elastic element applies elastic force to the inner cylinder 32 of the switch through the sliding valve stem 33. Under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface 3111, the inner cylinder 32 rotates circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 until the guide inclined surface 3211 and the positioning inclined surface 2121 are circumferentially misaligned; At the same time, under the action of the return spring 4, the inner cylinder 32 slides axially upwards with the switch valve body 31 until the guide inclined surface 3211 of the inner cylinder 32 abuts against the guide inclined surface 2131 of the outer cylinder 21 of the switch (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 11c As shown), the inner cylinder 32 of the switch continues to rotate circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 under the guidance of the guide slope 2131 until the limiting protrusion 321 aligns with the first groove 211 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 11d As shown in the attached diagram); the drilling pressure continues to decrease, and the inner cylinder 32 of the switch continues to slide upward along the axial direction with the valve body 31 under the action of the return spring 4, until the valve core assembly 3 reaches the open position. At this time, the limiting protrusion 321 and the first groove 211 cooperate axially (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 11e As shown), valve core assembly 3 opens bypass hole 11.

[0098] When the bypass valve is plugged or the channel is established, and the current drilling pressure applied to the valve core assembly 3 exceeds the set pressure, the switch valve body 31, under the action of the current drilling pressure, pushes the inner switch cylinder 32 to slide downward axially relative to the outer switch cylinder 21 until the limiting protrusion 321 disengages from the first groove 211, and the inclined tooth surface 3111 of the switch valve body 31 abuts against the guide inclined surface 3211 of the limiting protrusion 321 (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 11f (As shown); Simultaneously, the sliding valve stem 33 moves axially downwards synchronously with the inner cylinder 32 of the switch, and the return spring 4 is pressed between the limiting flange 332 and the locking baffle 22; When the current drilling pressure decreases, and the current drilling pressure does not exceed the set pressure, the return spring 4 restores its elastic deformation, and the return elastic element applies elastic force to the inner cylinder 32 of the switch through the sliding valve stem 33. Under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface 3111, the inner cylinder 32 rotates circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 until the guide inclined surface 3211 and the guide inclined surface 2131 are circumferentially misaligned; At the same time, under the action of the return spring 4, the inner cylinder 32 slides axially upwards with the switch valve body 31 until the guide inclined surface 3211 of the inner cylinder 32 abuts against the positioning inclined surface 2121 of the outer cylinder 21 of the switch (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 11gAs shown), the inner cylinder 32 of the switch continues to rotate circumferentially relative to the switch valve body 31 under the guidance of the guide inclined surface 2131 until the limiting protrusion 321 aligns with the second groove 212; as the current drilling pressure continues to decrease, the inner cylinder 32 of the switch continues to slide upward axially with the switch valve body 31 under the action of the return spring 4 until the valve core assembly 3 reaches the closed position. At this time, the limiting protrusion 321 and the second groove 212 are engaged axially (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 11h As shown), valve core assembly 3 closes bypass hole 11.

[0099] This completes one cycle of opening and closing the bypass valve. If leakage or other issues occur again, the above operation can be repeated to open and close the bypass valve again, and this cycle can be repeated an unlimited number of times.

[0100] The present invention also provides a drilling device including the above-mentioned bypass valve, which has the same beneficial effects.

[0101] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0102] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bypass valve, characterized in that, The device includes a main body shell (1), an outer cylinder assembly (2) coaxially fixed inside the main body shell (1), and a valve core assembly (3) slidably inserted through the outer cylinder assembly (2) along the axial direction. The portion of the main body shell (1) extending beyond the outer cylinder assembly (2) is provided with a bypass hole (11). The valve core assembly (3) is fitted with a return spring (4), and the two ends of the return spring (4) abut against the valve core assembly (3) and the outer cylinder assembly (2) respectively. The outer side wall of the valve core assembly (3) is provided with a limiting protrusion (321), and the inner side wall of the outer cylinder assembly (2) is provided with a first groove (211) and a second groove (212) that are selectively matched with the limiting protrusion (321) along the axial direction; the first groove (211) and the second groove (212) are alternately distributed along the circumference, and the axial depth of the first groove (211) is greater than the axial depth of the second groove (212); When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly (3) does not exceed the set pressure, the limiting protrusion (321) and the second groove (212) are axially engaged, the valve core assembly (3) is in the closed position, and the valve core assembly (3) blocks the bypass hole (11). When the current drilling pressure of the valve core assembly (3) exceeds the set pressure, the valve core assembly (3) slides downward relative to the outer cylinder assembly (2) along the axial direction under the action of the current drilling pressure, squeezing the return spring (4) until the limiting protrusion (321) disengages from the second groove (212); when the current drilling pressure does not exceed the set pressure, the valve core assembly (3) rotates circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder assembly (2) under the action of the return spring (4) until the limiting protrusion (321) aligns with the first groove (211); the return spring (4) pushes the valve core assembly (3) to slide upward relative to the outer cylinder assembly (2) along the axial direction to the open position, the limiting protrusion (321) and the first groove (211) cooperate axially, and the valve core assembly (3) opens the bypass hole (11).

2. The bypass valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core assembly (3) includes a switch valve body (31) and a switch inner cylinder (32) that are slidably fitted along the axial direction. The switch valve body (31) has a plurality of circumferentially distributed guide teeth (311) at one end facing the switch inner cylinder (32), and each guide tooth (311) has an inclined tooth surface (3111). The sidewall of the second groove (212) is formed with a positioning slope (2121), and a transition protrusion (213) is formed between the second groove (212) and the first groove (211). The end of the transition protrusion (213) is formed with a guiding slope (2131). The limiting protrusion (321) is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder of the switch (32), and the end of the limiting protrusion (321) facing the switch valve body (31) is provided with a guide slope (3211). The inclined tooth surface (3111), the guide inclined surface (2131), the positioning inclined surface (2121) and the guide inclined surface (3211) have the same inclination angle; When the limiting protrusion (321) and the second groove (212) are engaged axially, the guide slope (3211) abuts against the positioning slope (2121); When the limiting protrusion (321) disengages from the second groove (212), the inclined tooth surface (3111) abuts against the guide inclined surface (3211), and the switch inner cylinder (32) rotates circumferentially relative to the switch valve body (31) under the guidance of the inclined tooth surface (3111) until the guide inclined surface (3211) and the positioning inclined surface (2121) are circumferentially misaligned; when the switch inner cylinder (32) slides axially upward with the switch valve body (31) under the action of the reset spring (4), the guide inclined surface (3211) abuts against the guide inclined surface (2131), and the switch inner cylinder (32) continues to rotate circumferentially relative to the switch valve body (31) under the guidance of the guide inclined surface (2131) until the limiting protrusion (321) aligns with the first groove (211).

3. The bypass valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer cylinder assembly (2) includes a switch outer cylinder (21), which is sleeved on the outside of the switch valve body (31); the first groove (211) and the second groove (212) are both provided on the switch outer cylinder (21). The outer wall of the switch valve body (31) is provided with a guide protrusion (312), which is slidably engaged with the first groove (211) along the axial direction. The guide protrusion (312) is used to guide the switch valve body (31) to slide along the switch outer cylinder (21) along the axial direction. The inner cylinder (32) of the switch extends toward the switch valve body (31) and is provided with a guide shaft section (322). The guide shaft section (322) is slidably engaged with the guide through hole (313) of the switch valve body (31).

4. The bypass valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) of the main body is integrally provided with an end baffle (12) at one end away from the bypass hole (11); the outer cylinder assembly (2) also includes a locking baffle (22) that is detachably fixed inside the outer shell (1), and the two ends of the switch outer cylinder (21) abut against the end baffle (12) and the locking baffle (22) respectively.

5. The bypass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an upper connector (5), which is slidably inserted through the outer shell (1) of the main body and extends into the outer cylinder (21) of the switch; the switch valve body (31) is provided with a threaded through hole (314), which is threadedly connected to the upper connector (5). The threaded through hole (314) is coaxially connected with the guide through hole (313). The inner diameter of the threaded through hole (314) is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide through hole (313) so that a limiting shoulder (315) is formed at the connection between the threaded through hole (314) and the guide through hole (313). The switch inner cylinder (32) abuts against the limiting shoulder (315) along the axial direction.

6. The bypass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve core assembly (3) further includes a sliding valve stem (33) and a sliding valve block (34) fixedly connected to the sliding valve stem (33). The sliding valve stem (33) can slide through the locking baffle (22) axially; the end of the sliding valve stem (33) away from the sliding valve block (34) is provided with a centering boss (331), and the end of the switch inner cylinder (32) is provided with a centering groove (323). The centering boss (331) can slide with the centering groove (323) axially. The bottom of the centering groove (323) is formed with a stop shoulder (3231), and the end face of the centering boss (331) abuts against the stop shoulder (3231) along the axial direction.

7. The bypass valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) of the main body has a mounting groove (13) for mounting the outer cylinder (21) of the switch. The sliding valve block (34) is slidably engaged with the mounting groove (13) along the axial direction. The sliding valve block (34) is provided with a plurality of fluid flow holes (341) that are axially connected.

8. The bypass valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the sliding valve stem (33) is provided with a limiting flange (332), and the limiting flange (332) abuts against the end face of the switch inner cylinder (32) along the axial direction; The two ends of the return spring (4) abut against the limiting flange (332) and the locking baffle (22), respectively.

9. The bypass valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a lower connector (6), and the end of the main body housing (1) away from the upper connector (5) is detachably connected to the lower connector (6).

10. A drilling equipment, characterized in that, Includes the bypass valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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