Positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning and directional sensor burying device with pressure balance effect, which comprises a pre-buried pressure relief pipe, a sensor deep burying device, a transmission positioning and directional device and a moving chamber. One end of a positioning and directional rod is connected with the sensor, and the other end is fixed on the transmission positioning and directional device. A drain valve is arranged on the pre-buried pressure relief pipe. The positioning and directional sensor burying device with pressure balance effect is installed on a test drill hole and makes the drill hole in a closed state. The valve can open the drain at any time to release the pressure inside the drill hole and accelerate soil body shrinkage. The test device can accurately adjust and control the burying depth of the sensor, makes up the limitation that the existing method cannot remotely control the burying direction of the sensor, effectively reduces the underground mud outflow in the test process, avoids the position and direction deviation of the sensor in the soil body shrinkage process, greatly improves the authenticity and accuracy of the test, and provides important technical support for tunnel and underground engineering test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering monitoring, specifically to a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function. Background Technology

[0002] Civil engineering monitoring is crucial for ensuring the safety, quality, and durability of projects. By monitoring structural deformation, stress, and displacement in real time, potential safety hazards can be identified promptly, preventing accidents. Monitoring not only helps improve construction quality and ensure projects meet design standards, but also extends project life and reduces maintenance costs by identifying problems early.

[0003] In tunnel construction, measuring the stress of the surrounding soil and rock mass is crucial for assessing tunnel stability. However, due to the complexity of terrain and environment, it is often impossible to drill from above ground to embed sensors. In such cases, drilling from inside the tunnel is necessary. Since tunnels are located in aquifers, a large amount of muddy water seeps out along the borehole after drilling, making it difficult to fix the sensor directly in the test position. Furthermore, during borehole narrowing, the muddy water can wash away from the sensor, causing it to deviate from its pre-embedded point and affecting the accuracy of the test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this situation, the present invention aims to provide a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function, so as to reduce the amount of mud flowing out of the measuring hole inside the tunnel, prevent the mud and water surge during the soil shrinkage process from causing the sensor embedding position to change, control the sensor embedding depth and direction, and improve the accuracy of monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function, comprising a pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, a sensor deep embedding device, a transmission positioning and orientation device, and a moving chamber.

[0006] The pre-embedded pressure relief pipe includes pipe I, a pressure relief and drainage channel, a cable outlet channel, and a flange. Pipe I is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150mm and a length of 80cm-150cm, depending on the working conditions. Pipe I has one drainage and pressure relief channel and one cable outlet channel, with the planes of the drainage and pressure relief channel perpendicular to each other. A flange is welded to one end of pipe I.

[0007] The drainage and pressure relief channel is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, located 15cm away from the flange on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe. One end of the stainless steel pipe has external threads. The outlet channel is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, located 10cm away from the flange on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe.

[0008] The deep-buried sensor device mainly includes a sensor and a positioning and orientation rod. The sensor is composed of a DTS-3 type three-dimensional stress sensor base and multiple one-dimensional stress sensors; the positioning and orientation rod is spliced ​​from three types of square steel pipes, namely square steel pipe I, square steel pipe II and square steel pipe III.

[0009] The bottom surface of the sensor base has four right-angled grooves and four 3mm diameter circular holes that extend to the wire holes on the side of the base. The right-angled grooves have a side length of 6.5mm, a thickness of 2.5mm, and a depth of 4mm.

[0010] The square steel pipe I has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm × 30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a length of 30cm. At each of the four corners of one end of the square steel pipe I, there is a right-angled protrusion with a side length of 6mm, a thickness of 2mm, and a length of 3cm. A through bolt hole is made on one set of opposite faces 3cm from the protrusion end, and another through bolt hole is made on another set of opposite faces 5cm from the protrusion end.

[0011] The square steel pipe II has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm × 30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends. The square steel pipe III has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm × 30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends.

[0012] The aforementioned sensor deep-buried device consists of a steel wire rope, rubber bands, aluminum clamps, a traction rope, and bolts that connect the sensor to the positioning and orientation rod. One end of the steel wire rope passes through a circular hole and a rubber band on the sensor base. The aluminum clamps clamp the steel wire rope and secure the rubber bands at both ends. One end of each rubber band is fixed to one side of the sensor base, and the other end is fixed to the opposite side of the sensor base using the same method. A second rubber band is then fixed to the other two sides of the sensor base using the same method.

[0013] The traction rope is simultaneously tied around the center of two rubber bands and passes completely through the interior of the positioning rod. Pulling the traction rope causes the rubber bands to extend through the first or second bolt hole on the square steel pipe I, depending on the tightness of the rubber bands. The bolts are then passed through the bolt holes on the square steel pipe I and tightened to secure the rubber bands.

[0014] The transmission positioning and orientation device includes a blind plate, a waterproof gland, a fixed rod, a transmission rod, a fixed block, an orientation block, and a transmission beam, with an adjustable extension length of 50cm.

[0015] The blind flange is DN150, with a diameter of 285mm. A fixing rod is welded to each end, and a waterproof tie rod hole is formed in the center. The waterproof tie rod hole has a 32mm diameter circle cross-section, and a waterproof gland is installed in this hole. The waterproof gland has a 32mm opening size, a total length of 7cm, and is suitable for inner diameters of 15-22mm.

[0016] The transmission rod passes through a waterproof gland, with a fixing block and a directional block welded to each end. The directional block is then welded to the transmission beam. The transmission rod has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 20mm and a length of 57cm.

[0017] The fixed block has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm × 25mm and a length of 7cm. A through bolt hole is made on one set of opposite faces 3cm from the end of the transmission rod, and another through bolt hole is made on another set of opposite faces 5cm from the end of the transmission rod. The directional block has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm × 25mm and a length of 3cm. The transmission beam has a rectangular cross-section of 300mm × 40mm and a length of 4cm. All six faces of the fixed block, directional block, and transmission beam are aligned.

[0018] The movable chamber is formed by welding flanges to both ends of pipe II. Pipe II is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150mm and a length of 30cm.

[0019] Furthermore, the drainage and pressure relief channel is connected to a DN40 stainless steel valve.

[0020] Furthermore, the transmission positioning and orientation device is connected to the moving chamber via a blind plate and a flange, with a gasket installed in between.

[0021] Furthermore, the sensor deep-buried device and the transmission positioning and orientation device are fixed together by splicing square steel pipe III and fixed block.

[0022] Furthermore, the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe is connected to the moving chamber via a flange, with a gasket installed in between.

[0023] An assembly and testing method for a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function includes the following steps:

[0024] 1) Connect and fix the blind plate of the transmission positioning and orientation device to the flange of the moving chamber;

[0025] 2) Drilling operations are carried out on the tunnel lining, with the drilling depth exceeding the length of pipe I; the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe is inserted into the borehole, and pipe I enters the soil layer and remains 30cm inside the tunnel; pipe I is sealed with a blind flange, and the gap between pipe I and the tunnel lining is grouted to seal the position of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe.

[0026] 3) After the sealing mortar around the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe has solidified, open the blind flange and use a drilling rig to drill a hole from the inside of pipe I outwards. The drilling depth exceeds the sensor's pre-embedded depth by 30cm-50cm.

[0027] 4) Send the sensor to the vicinity of the pre-embedded position through the positioning and orientation rod, and lead the sensor wire out from the wire outlet at the upper end of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, and seal the wire outlet with putty;

[0028] 5) Keep the direction of the sensor deep burial device consistent with the direction of the directional block, align the square steel pipe III with the bolt hole on the fixed block and insert the bolt and tighten it; keep the direction of the directional block consistent with the pre-buried direction of the sensor, connect and fix the pre-buried pressure relief pipe to the moving chamber, and the direction of the sensor will be fixed; pull the transmission rod to adjust and control the specific burial depth of the sensor.

[0029] 6) Open the valve on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe to drain water for ten minutes, then close the valve for ten minutes. Repeat this operation five times.

[0030] 7) After the soil has shrunk for a period of time, loosen the locking nut of the waterproof gland and gently pull the transmission rod to determine whether the soil has shrunk and secured the sensor.

[0031] 8) If the transmission rod can be easily pulled, tighten the locking nut of the waterproof gland and return to step 6 to continue the operation; if the transmission rod cannot be pulled lightly, loosen the bolt between the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe and the moving chamber, slide the moving chamber backward along the transmission rod until it is easy to untie the fixing bolt between the square steel pipe III and the fixed block, then pull the traction rope to break the rubber band, and then gently pull out the positioning and orientation rod. The sensor will remain in the predetermined position. Fill the borehole with soil to make it full, seal the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, and the sensor installation work is completed. Connect the test acquisition instrument for monitoring.

[0032] Compared with existing technologies, the positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The positioning and orientation rod can send the sensor to the vicinity of the test point in a predetermined direction. The transmission positioning and orientation device has an effective sliding length of 50cm, which can accurately adjust and control the embedment depth of the sensor, thus overcoming the limitation of existing methods that cannot control the embedment direction of the sensor remotely.

[0034] 2. The sealed borehole minimizes the outflow of underground mud and water during the test. The installed valves can be opened at any time to drain water and release the pressure inside the borehole, while also driving the soil to shrink the borehole faster.

[0035] 3. During the soil shrinkage process, the positioning and orientation rod connected to the sensor rests on the transmission positioning and orientation device, which effectively avoids the deviation of the sensor's position and direction, and improves the authenticity and accuracy of the test.

[0036] 4. After adjusting the sensor embedment depth, the position of the fixing bolt at the connection between the fixed block at the end of the transmission rod and the square steel pipe III is uncertain. The added movable chamber serves as the main working space for adjusting the transmission rod and provides convenience for loosening the connecting bolt. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function.

[0038] Figure 2 Internal perspective view of the sensor deep-buried device

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing of the positioning and orientation rod and the transmission positioning and orientation device.

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a blind flange with openings

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission positioning and orientation device

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of sensors installed for positioning and orientation inside a tunnel

[0043] In the diagram: 1-Pipe I; 2-Drainage and pressure relief channel; 3-Outlet channel; 4-Flange; 5-Sensor base; 6-Stress sensor; 7-Right-angle groove; 8-Wire hole; 9-Circular hole; 10-Square steel pipe I; 11-Square steel pipe II; 12-Square steel pipe III; 13-Right-angle protrusion; 14-Bolt hole; 15-Wire rope; 16-Rubber band; 17-Aluminum clamp sleeve; 18-Traction rope; 19-Bolt; 20-Blind flange; 21-Waterproof gland; 22-Fixing rod; 23-Transmission rod; 24-Fixing block; 25-Orientation block; 26-Transmission beam; 27-Waterproof tie rod hole; 28-Pipe II; 29-Valve; 30-Gasket; 31-Tunnel lining; 32-Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function and its testing method according to the present invention. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and conventional methods in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] See Figures 1-6The present invention provides a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function, including a pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, a sensor deep embedding device, a transmission positioning and orientation device, and a moving chamber.

[0046] The pre-embedded pressure relief pipe includes pipe I1, a pressure relief and drainage channel 2, a cable outlet channel 3, and a flange 4. Pipe I1 is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150mm and a length of 80cm-150cm, depending on the working conditions. A pressure relief and drainage channel 2 and a cable outlet channel 3 are respectively provided on pipe I1, with the planes of the pressure relief and drainage channel 2 and the cable outlet channel 3 perpendicular to each other. A flange 4 is welded to one end of pipe I1.

[0047] The drainage and pressure relief channel 2 is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, located 15cm away from the flange 4 on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe. One end of the stainless steel pipe has external threads. The outlet channel 3 is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, located 10cm away from the flange 4 on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe.

[0048] The deep-buried sensor device mainly includes a sensor and a positioning and orientation rod. The sensor is composed of a DTS-3 type three-dimensional stress sensor base 5 and multiple one-dimensional stress sensors 6; the positioning and orientation rod is spliced ​​from three types of square steel pipes, namely square steel pipe I10, square steel pipe II11 and square steel pipe III12.

[0049] The bottom surface of the sensor base 5 has four right-angled grooves 7 and four circular holes 9 with a diameter of 3mm that extend to the wire holes 8 on the side of the base. The right-angled grooves 7 have a side length of 6.5mm, a thickness of 2.5mm, and a depth of 4mm.

[0050] The square steel pipe I10 has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm × 30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a length of 30cm. At each of the four corners of one end of the square steel pipe I10, there is a right-angled protrusion 13 with a side length of 6mm, a thickness of 2mm, and a length of 30mm. A through bolt hole 14 is opened on one set of opposite faces 3cm from the protrusion end, and another through bolt hole 14 is opened on another set of opposite faces 5cm from the protrusion end.

[0051] The square steel pipe II11 has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm×30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole 14 is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends. The square steel pipe III12 has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm×30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole 14 is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends.

[0052] The sensor deep-buried device consists of a steel wire rope 15, a rubber band 16, an aluminum clamp sleeve 17, a traction rope 18, and bolts 19, which connect the sensor to the positioning and orientation rod. One end of the steel wire rope 15 passes through a circular hole 9 on the sensor base 5 and the rubber band 16. The aluminum clamp sleeve 17 clamps the steel wire rope 15 and fixes the rubber band 16 at both ends. One end of the rubber band 16 is fixed to one side of the sensor base 5, and the other end is fixed to the opposite side of the sensor base 5 in the same way. A second rubber band 16 is then fixed to the other two sides of the sensor base 5 using the same method.

[0053] The traction rope 18 simultaneously binds the center of the two rubber bands 16 and passes completely through the interior of the positioning rod. Pulling the traction rope 18 causes the rubber bands 16 to extend through the first or second bolt hole 14 on the square steel pipe I10, depending on the tightness of the rubber bands 16. The bolt 19 passes through the bolt hole 14 on the square steel pipe I10 and the rubber bands 16 and is tightened to secure them.

[0054] The transmission positioning and orientation device includes a blind plate 20, a waterproof gland 21, a fixing rod 22, a transmission rod 23, a fixing block 24, an orientation block 25, and a transmission beam 26, with an adjustable extension length of 50cm.

[0055] The blind flange 20 is a DN150 type with a diameter of 285mm. A fixing rod 22 is welded to each end, and a waterproof tie rod hole 27 is formed in the center. The waterproof tie rod hole 27 has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 32mm, and a waterproof gland 21 is installed in this hole. The waterproof gland 21 has an opening size of 32mm, a total length of 7cm, and is suitable for inner diameters of 15-22mm.

[0056] The transmission rod 23 passes through the waterproof gland 21, and a fixing block 24 and a directional block 25 are welded to both ends respectively. The directional block 25 is then welded to the transmission beam 26. The transmission rod 23 has a cross-section of a circle with a diameter of 10mm and a length of 57cm.

[0057] The fixed block 24 has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm × 25mm and a length of 7cm. A through bolt hole 14 is opened on one set of opposite faces 3cm from the end of the transmission rod 23, and another through bolt hole 14 is opened on another set of opposite faces 5cm from the end of the transmission rod 23. The directional block 25 has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm × 25mm and a length of 3cm. The transmission beam 26 has a rectangular cross-section of 300mm × 40mm and a length of 4cm. The six faces of the fixed block 24, directional block 25, and transmission beam 26 are aligned.

[0058] The movable chamber is formed by welding flanges 4 to both ends of pipe I128. Pipe II28 is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150mm and a length of 30cm.

[0059] An assembly and testing method for a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function includes the following steps:

[0060] 1) Connect and fix the transmission positioning and orientation device to the moving chamber;

[0061] 2) Drilling operations are carried out on tunnel lining 31, with the drilling depth exceeding the length of pipe I1; the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe is inserted into the borehole, and pipe I1 enters the soil layer and remains 30cm inside the tunnel; pipe I1 is sealed with a blind flange, and the gap between pipe I1 and tunnel lining 31 is grouted to seal the position of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe.

[0062] 3) After the sealing mortar around the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe has solidified, open the blind flange and use a drilling rig to drill a hole from the inside of pipe I1 outwards. The drilling depth exceeds the sensor pre-embedded depth by 30cm-50cm.

[0063] 4) The sensor is sent to the vicinity of the pre-embedded position through the positioning and orientation rod, and the sensor’s wire 32 is led out from the wire outlet 3 at the upper end of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe. The wire outlet 3 is then sealed with putty.

[0064] 5) Keep the direction of the sensor deep burial device consistent with the direction of the orientation block 25, align the square steel pipe III12 with the bolt hole 14 on the fixed block 24 and insert the bolt 19 and tighten it; keep the direction of the orientation block 24 consistent with the sensor pre-burial direction, connect and fix the pre-buried pressure relief pipe to the moving chamber, and the sensor direction will be fixed; pull the transmission rod 23 to adjust and control the specific burial depth of the sensor.

[0065] 6) Open valve 29 on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe to drain water for ten minutes, then close valve 29 for ten minutes. Repeat this operation five times.

[0066] 7) After the soil has shrunk for a period of time, loosen the locking nut of the waterproof gland 21 and gently pull the transmission rod 23 to determine whether the soil has shrunk and secured the sensor.

[0067] 8) If the transmission rod 23 can be easily pulled, tighten the locking nut of the waterproof gland 21 and return to step 6 to continue the operation; if the transmission rod 23 cannot be pulled lightly, loosen the bolt between the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe and the moving chamber, slide the moving chamber backward along the transmission rod 23 until it is easy to unscrew the fixing bolt 19 between the square steel pipe III12 and the fixed block 24, then pull the traction rope 18 to break the rubber band 16, and then gently pull out the positioning and orientation rod. The sensor will remain in the predetermined position. Fill the borehole with soil to make it full, seal the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, and the sensor installation work is completed. Connect the test acquisition instrument for monitoring.

Claims

1. A positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function, characterized in that: This includes pre-embedded pressure relief pipes, deep-embedded sensor devices, transmission positioning and orientation devices, and a moving chamber; The pre-embedded pressure relief pipe includes pipe I (1), pressure relief drainage channel (2), outlet channel (3), and flange (4); pipe I (1) is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150mm and a length of 80cm-150cm, the specific length depending on the working conditions; a drainage pressure relief channel (2) and an outlet channel (3) are respectively opened on pipe I (1), and the planes where the drainage pressure relief channel (2) and the outlet channel (3) are located are perpendicular to each other; a flange (4) is welded to one end of pipe I (1); The drainage and pressure relief channel (2) is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, which is 15cm away from the flange (4) on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe. One end of the stainless steel pipe has an external thread. The outlet channel (3) is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 40mm and a length of 10cm, which is 10cm away from the flange (4) on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe. The sensor deep-buried device mainly includes a sensor and a positioning and orientation rod; the sensor is composed of a DTS-3 type three-dimensional stress sensor base (5) and multiple one-dimensional stress sensors (6); the positioning and orientation rod is spliced ​​from three types of square steel pipes, namely square steel pipe I (10), square steel pipe II (11) and square steel pipe III (12). The bottom surface of the sensor base (5) is provided with four right-angled grooves (7) and four circular holes (9) with a diameter of 3mm that penetrate to the wire hole (8) on the side of the base; the right-angled groove (7) has a side length of 6.5mm, a thickness of 2.5mm, and a depth of 4mm; The square steel pipe I (10) has a rectangular cross section of 30mm×30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a length of 30cm. At one end of the square steel pipe I (10), there is a right-angled protrusion (13) at each of the four corners, with a side length of 6mm, a thickness of 2mm, and a length of 3cm. A through bolt hole (14) is opened on one set of opposite faces 3cm away from the end of the protrusion, and another through bolt hole (14) is opened on another set of opposite faces 5cm away from the end of the protrusion. The square steel pipe II (11) has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm×30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole (14) is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends. The square steel pipe III (12) has a rectangular cross-section of 30mm×30mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and its length can be processed as needed. A bolt hole (14) is opened on each face 3cm away from both ends. The sensor deep-buried device consists of a steel wire rope (15), a rubber band (16), an aluminum clamp sleeve (17), a traction rope (18), and bolts (19) to splice the sensor and the positioning and orientation rod together; one end of the steel wire rope (15) passes through the circular hole (9) and the rubber band (16) on the sensor base (5); the aluminum clamp sleeve (17) clamps the steel wire rope (15) and fixes the rubber band (16) at both ends; one end of the rubber band (16) is fixed to one side of the sensor base (5), and the other end is fixed to the opposite side of the sensor base (5) in the same way, and the two ends of the second rubber band (16) are fixed to the other two sides of the sensor base (5) in the same way; The traction rope (18) is tied around the center of the two rubber bands (16) and passes completely through the inside of the positioning and orientation rod. Pulling the traction rope (18) causes the rubber bands (16) to extend through the first or second bolt hole (14) on the square steel pipe I (10), depending on the tightness of the rubber bands (16). The bolt (19) passes through the bolt hole (14) on the square steel pipe I (10) and the rubber bands (16) and is tightened and fixed. The transmission positioning and orientation device includes a blind plate (20), a waterproof gland (21), a fixing rod (22), a transmission rod (23), a fixing block (24), an orientation block (25), and a transmission beam (26), with an adjustable extension length of 50cm. The blind flange (20) is DN150 with a diameter of 285mm. A fixing rod (22) is welded to each end, and a waterproof tie rod hole (27) is opened in the center. The waterproof tie rod hole (27) has a cross-section of a circle with a diameter of 32mm. A waterproof gland (21) is installed in the hole. The waterproof gland (21) has an opening size of 32mm, a total length of 7cm, and is suitable for inner diameters of 15-22mm. The transmission rod (23) passes through the waterproof gland (21), and a fixing block (24) and a directional block (25) are welded to both ends respectively. The directional block (25) is then welded to the transmission beam (26). The transmission rod (23) has a cross-section of a circle with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 57 cm. The fixed block (24) has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm×25mm and a length of 7cm. A through bolt hole (14) is opened on one set of opposite faces 3cm away from the end of the transmission rod (23), and another through bolt hole (14) is opened on another set of opposite faces 5cm away from the end of the transmission rod (23). The directional block (25) has a rectangular cross-section of 25mm×25mm and a length of 3cm. The transmission beam (26) has a rectangular cross-section of 300mm×40mm and a length of 4cm. The six faces of the fixed block (24), the directional block (25), and the transmission beam (26) are aligned. The movable chamber is formed by welding flanges (4) to both ends of pipe II (28); pipe II (28) is made of stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 150 mm and a length of 30 cm.

2. The positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage and pressure relief channel (2) is connected to a DN40 stainless steel valve (29); the sensor deep-buried device and the transmission positioning and orientation device are spliced ​​and fixed by square steel pipe III (12) and fixed block (24).

3. An assembly and testing method for a positioning and orientation sensor embedding device with pressure balancing function, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Connect and fix the transmission positioning and orientation device to the moving chamber; 2) Drilling operation is carried out on the tunnel lining (31), and the drilling depth exceeds the length of pipe I (1); the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe is inserted into the borehole, and pipe I (1) enters the soil layer and is left inside the tunnel for 30cm; pipe I (1) is sealed with blind flange, and the gap between pipe I (1) and tunnel lining (31) is grouted to seal the position of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe; 3) After the sealing mortar around the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe has solidified, open the blind flange and use a drilling machine to drill from the inside of pipe I(1) outwards. The drilling depth exceeds the sensor pre-embedded depth by 30cm-50cm. 4) The sensor is sent to the vicinity of the pre-embedded position through the positioning and orientation rod, and the sensor wire (32) is led out from the wire outlet (3) at the upper end of the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, and the wire outlet (3) is sealed with putty. 5) Keep the direction of the sensor deep burial device consistent with the direction of the orientation block (25), align the square steel pipe III (12) with the bolt hole (14) on the fixed block (24) and insert the bolt (19) and tighten it; keep the direction of the orientation block (24) consistent with the sensor pre-burial direction, connect and fix the pre-buried pressure relief pipe to the moving chamber, and the sensor direction will be fixed; pull the transmission rod (23) to adjust and control the specific burial depth of the sensor; 6) Open the valve (29) on the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe to drain water for ten minutes, then close the valve (29) for ten minutes. Repeat this operation five times. 7) After the soil shrinks for a period of time, loosen the locking nut of the waterproof gland (21) and gently pull the transmission rod (23) to determine whether the soil shrinks and secures the sensor. 8) If the transmission rod (23) can be easily pulled, tighten the locking nut of the waterproof gland (21) and return to step 6 to continue the operation; if the transmission rod (23) cannot be pulled lightly, loosen the bolt between the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe and the moving chamber, slide the moving chamber backward along the transmission rod (23) until it is easy to unscrew the fixing bolt (19) between the square steel pipe III (12) and the fixed block (24), then pull the traction rope (18) to break the rubber band (16), then gently pull out the positioning and orientation rod, and the sensor will remain in the predetermined position. Fill the borehole with soil to make it full, seal the pre-embedded pressure relief pipe, and the sensor installation work is completed. Connect the test acquisition instrument for monitoring.

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