A large slope anti-skid tunneling support system and a support method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of machine room key technology, and discloses a large-gradient anti-skid tunneling supporting system which comprises a tunneling machine, a conveying belt and an auxiliary climbing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically relating to a large-slope anti-slip tunneling support system and support method. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are large machines used for tunneling in coal and non-coal mines. The complete machine includes a cutting section, a shovel section, a conveyor, a main body, a traveling section, a hydraulic system, and an electrical system. Currently, TBMs can operate on slopes within ±18 degrees. Beyond 18 degrees, the machine may become unstable and unable to move forward or backward. Furthermore, during steep incline tunneling, the TBM may slip due to its own weight. This slippage not only reduces cutting efficiency or even prevents further advancement but can also lead to serious safety accidents.

[0003] In response to this, researchers have conducted studies and achieved results for tunnels with large angles and steep slopes. For example, in the existing technology, Chinese invention patent CN109026048B discloses a slope control method for a large-angle tunneling machine, specifically disclosing a frame, an upper support unit, and an auxiliary slope-climbing device. The slope control method includes steps such as slope support, providing auxiliary driving force for slope climbing, and stepping movement. This slope control method for a large-angle tunneling machine provides a large driving force by simultaneously controlling the output power of the travel hydraulic motor and the auxiliary drive hydraulic motor. During stepping, the upper support unit extends to support the tunnel roof, stabilizing the large-angle tunneling machine. Then, the auxiliary slope-climbing device is lifted, and the auxiliary drive hydraulic motor is reversed to move the bearing plate forward by one step. The control is simple and quick, improving tunneling efficiency and reducing safety hazards while effectively preventing the tunneling machine from slipping. It is particularly suitable for excavating tunnels with a slope of ±25°.

[0004] However, due to the large weight and steep slope of the tunneling machine, the friction between the tunneling machine and the tunnel floor is low when using the above-mentioned equipment, and there is still a safety hazard of the tunneling machine sliding down and the contact surface slipping. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, this application provides a large-slope anti-slip tunneling support system and support method to solve the problems of tunneling machine slippage and contact surface slippage caused by the large self-weight of the tunneling machine, large slope, low friction between the tunneling machine and the roadway floor.

[0006] The technical solution to the above-mentioned technical problems in this application is as follows:

[0007] A steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system includes: a tunneling machine, a conveyor belt, and an auxiliary climbing device. The tunneling machine has a connecting assembly at its end. The conveyor belt is hinged to the connecting assembly and is used to transport waste rock, etc. The auxiliary climbing device includes two sets of pressing components and two sets of pushing components. The two sets of pressing components are symmetrically hinged to the connecting assembly and located on both sides of the conveyor belt. The pushing components are located at the end of the pressing components away from the connecting assembly and can move vertically up and down. Each pressing component includes a telescopic member and an auxiliary plate. One end of the auxiliary plate is hinged to the lower part of the connecting assembly, and the other end is connected to the pushing component. One end of the telescopic member is located on the connecting assembly and above the auxiliary plate, and the other end is hinged to the auxiliary plate. The telescopic member can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the auxiliary plate to rotate along the hinge.

[0008] Preferably, the pressing assembly includes a lifting member and a first friction plate. The lifting member is fixed to the end of the auxiliary plate away from the connecting assembly and can extend and retract vertically. The first friction plate is disposed at the end of the lifting member near the tunnel floor and the lifting member can slide on the first friction plate. The first friction plate is used to move along a preset direction under the drive of the lifting member and to abut against the tunnel floor.

[0009] Preferably, a friction block is provided on the lower end face of the first friction plate away from the lifting component, and the friction block is used to increase the friction between the first friction plate and the tunnel floor.

[0010] Preferably, the pressing component includes a propulsion member, one end of which is connected to the auxiliary plate near the lifting member, and the other end is connected to the first friction plate away from the tunneling machine. The propulsion member can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the first friction plate to move in the preset direction.

[0011] Preferably, the pressing component includes a guide trolley, the upper end of which is connected to one end of the lifting member, and the other end is slidably connected to the first friction plate, and the first friction plate is provided with a guide rail that cooperates with the guide trolley for limiting.

[0012] Preferably, the pressing assembly includes a guide, a tensioning member, and a second friction plate. The end of the auxiliary plate away from the connecting assembly is connected to the upper end face of the guide. The lower end face of the guide is slidably connected to the second friction plate. The two ends of the tensioning member are respectively connected to the second friction plate and the auxiliary plate, and can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the second friction plate to move in the preset direction.

[0013] Preferably, the guide component includes a vehicle body and a guide rail. The vehicle body is connected to one end of the auxiliary plate, and the guide rail is disposed on the second friction plate and cooperates with the vehicle body for guiding and limiting.

[0014] A method for anti-slip tunneling support on steep slopes, applied to any of the aforementioned anti-slip tunneling support systems, wherein the pressing assembly includes a lifting component, a first friction plate, a propulsion component, and a guide trolley, and includes the following steps:

[0015] Step S10, Adjustment of the pressure component:

[0016] Step S11: Extend the telescopic component to drive the auxiliary plate to rotate vertically along the hinge, so that the auxiliary plate drives the first friction plate to contact the tunnel floor.

[0017] Step S20: Press the component to adjust:

[0018] Step S21: After the pressing component is adjusted, extend the lifting component downward in the vertical direction so that the first friction plate abuts against the tunnel floor.

[0019] Step S30: The tunneling machine moves forward.

[0020] Step S31: Using the first friction plate that is pressed and fixed as the anti-slip fulcrum, control the tunneling machine to move forward one standard tunneling distance; simultaneously extend the propulsion component to drive the guide trolley to slide forward along the guide rail of the first friction plate, matching the forward displacement of the tunneling machine;

[0021] Step S32: After the tunneling machine has moved, retract the telescopic component and lift the auxiliary plate to release the support of the first friction plate from the tunnel floor.

[0022] Step S33: Retract the propulsion component to move the first friction plate closer to the tunneling machine. At the same time, the guide trolley moves from the end of the first friction plate closer to the tunneling machine to the end of the first friction plate farther away from the tunneling machine.

[0023] Step S40: Repeat steps S10 to S33.

[0024] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The conveyor belt is supported by symmetrical downward pressing components on both sides. The pressing components on both sides press against the roadway floor, forming double anti-slip support points on both sides, increasing the contact support points between the whole machine and the floor. The telescopic component drives the auxiliary plate to press down, which can provide a continuous downward pressing load, significantly improving the static friction of the floor, offsetting the downward force of the tunneling machine's own weight, preventing the whole machine from sliding or displacing when tunneling uphill or downhill, and eliminating major safety hazards.

[0026] 2. The auxiliary climbing device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt. The pressing and pushing components avoid the middle of the conveyor belt. The pressing component is hinged to the lower part of the connecting component. The whole swings outward and downward, which will not block the conveyor belt from transporting gangue. The entire anti-slip mechanism is integrated into the connecting component at the tail of the tunneling machine. It shares the same mounting base with the conveyor belt. It does not require an additional independent base and does not occupy the space on both sides of the roadway. It realizes anti-slip support and synchronous gangue discharge in parallel operation. There is no need to stop the machine separately to install anti-slip facilities, ensuring the continuous advancement efficiency of tunneling.

[0027] 3. The two sets of downward pressing components are arranged symmetrically on the left and right and independently hinged to the connecting components. The forces are evenly distributed when pressing down on both sides, and there will be no one-sided load or tilting of the whole machine. The support reaction force is distributed and transmitted to the connecting components at the tail of the tunneling machine, avoiding cracking at the welded position of the machine body and twisting of the body caused by concentrated load at a single point, thus extending the service life of the tunneling machine. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall side view of one embodiment of the steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system described in this application.

[0029] Figure 2 A top view of one embodiment of the steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system described in this application. Figure 1 (Horizontal transport via conveyor belt).

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of one embodiment of the steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system described in this application. Figure 2 (Transportation via inclined conveyor belt).

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the anti-slip tunneling support system for steep slopes described in this application. Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the anti-slip tunneling support system for steep slopes described in this application. Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 6 This is a top view of another embodiment of the steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system described in this application.

[0034] In the figure: tunneling machine 100, connecting assembly 200, auxiliary climbing device 300, pressing assembly 310, telescopic component 311, auxiliary plate 312, pressing assembly 320, lifting component 321, first friction plate 322, propulsion component 323, guide trolley 324, guide component 325, vehicle body 326, guide rail 327, tensioning component 328, second friction plate 329, and conveyor belt 400. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "end," "top," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system, comprising: a tunneling machine 100, a conveyor belt 400, and an auxiliary climbing device 300. A connecting assembly 200 is provided at the end of the tunneling machine 100; the conveyor belt 400 is hinged to the connecting assembly 200 and is used to transport waste rock, etc.; the auxiliary climbing device 300 includes two sets of pressing components 310 and two sets of pressing components 320. The two sets of pressing components 310 are symmetrically hinged to the connecting assembly 200 and located on both sides of the conveyor belt 400; the pressing components 320 are located at the distal end of the pressing components 310. The pressing component 310 is located at one end of the connecting component 200 and can move vertically up and down. The pressing component 310 includes a telescopic member 311 and an auxiliary plate 312. One end of the auxiliary plate 312 is hinged to the lower part of the connecting component 200, and the other end is connected to the pressing component 320. One end of the telescopic member 311 is disposed on the connecting component 200 and located above the auxiliary plate 312. The other end of the telescopic member 311 is hinged to the auxiliary plate 312. The telescopic member 311 can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the auxiliary plate 312 to rotate along the hinge.

[0039] Specifically, the tunneling machine 100 adopts, but is not limited to, the tunneling machine 100 disclosed in CN109026048A, which describes a method for controlling the slope of a large-angle tunneling machine 100; the specific structure will not be elaborated here. The tunneling machine 100 is the EBZ200 large-angle tunneling machine 100 model, with an integrated connecting component 200 welded to the rear of the machine body. The connecting component 200 is made of 40mm thick Q355 steel plate, with a belt hinge lug reserved on the upper part and two sets of hinge holes symmetrically opened on the lower part for assembling the left and right lower pressure components 310. The transport belt 400 is a scraper conveyor belt for the tunneling machine 100. The hinge shaft at the tail of the belt is clearance-fitted with the lug of the connecting component 200, with a 5° vertical swing margin reserved to prevent motion interference when the lower pressure components 310 move. Arc-shaped rock-blocking plates are welded on both sides of the belt, with the height of the rock-blocking plates lower than the minimum swing height of the lower pressure components 310 to prevent rock from getting stuck on the auxiliary plate 312.

[0040] The auxiliary climbing device 300 is symmetrically arranged on both sides, consisting of a single set of downward pressing components 310. The telescopic component 311 uses a Φ80 bidirectional hydraulic cylinder, with ball-head hinges at both ends. The upper hinge point is fixed to the upper support of the connecting component 200, and the lower hinge point is hinged to the middle of the auxiliary plate 312. The hydraulic circuit of the cylinder is connected in parallel to the main hydraulic station of the tunneling machine 100, and a separate manual directional valve is provided to independently control the extension and retraction of one side of the cylinder. The auxiliary plate 312 is a bent and reinforced steel structure with three longitudinal reinforcing ribs welded inside the plate. The bottom end is hinged to the lower part of the connecting component 200 through a wear-resistant copper sleeve. An installation platform is welded to the outer end of the auxiliary plate 312 for fixing the vertical lifting component 321.

[0041] The pressing component 320 uses, but is not limited to, hydraulic jacks, telescopic devices, etc., and has a plate at the bottom to increase friction. By extending and retracting the pressing component 320 vertically, the bottom of the pressing component 320 contacts the tunnel floor, increasing friction and preventing the tunneling machine 100 from sliding downhill or uphill due to excessive weight.

[0042] Furthermore, the conveyor belt 400 is also located in the middle of the end of the tunneling machine 100 away from the direction of travel; the auxiliary climbing device 300 is located at the end of the tunneling machine 100 away from the direction of travel and on both sides of the conveyor belt 400; when the tunneling machine 100 travels downward at an angle, the telescopic member 311 is extended, causing it to drive the auxiliary plate 312 to rotate downward along the hinge, thereby driving the pressing component 320 located at the other end of the auxiliary plate 312 to move downward and contact the tunnel floor. Then, the pressing component 320 is adjusted to extend downward and fit tightly against the bottom of the tunnel; using the pressing component 320 as a fulcrum, the contact area and friction between the tunneling machine 100 and the tunnel floor are increased.

[0043] The technical solution of the large-slope anti-slip tunneling support system adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The conveyor belt 400 is supported by symmetrical double-sided pressing components 310, and the pressing components 320 on both sides simultaneously press the roadway floor, forming double anti-slip support points on the left and right sides, increasing the contact support points between the whole machine and the floor; the telescopic component 311 drives the auxiliary plate 312 to press down, which can provide a continuous downward pressing load, significantly improve the static friction of the floor, offset the downward force of the tunneling machine 100's own weight, prevent the whole machine from sliding or displacing when tunneling uphill or downhill, and eliminate major safety hazards.

[0045] 2. The auxiliary climbing device 300 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt 400. The pressing component 310 and the pressing component 320 avoid the middle of the conveyor belt 400. The pressing component 310 is hinged to the lower part of the connecting component 200. The whole structure swings outward and downward, which will not block the conveyor belt from transporting gangue. The entire anti-slip mechanism is integrated into the connecting component 200 at the tail of the tunneling machine 100. It shares the same mounting base with the conveyor belt 400. It does not require an additional independent base and does not occupy the space on both sides of the roadway. It realizes anti-slip support and synchronous gangue discharge in parallel operation. There is no need to stop the machine separately to install anti-slip facilities, ensuring the continuous advancement efficiency of tunneling.

[0046] 3. The two sets of downward pressing components 310 are arranged symmetrically on both sides and independently hinged to the connecting component 200. The forces are evenly distributed when pressing down on both sides, and there will be no one-sided load or tilting of the whole machine. The support reaction force is distributed and transmitted to the tail connecting component 200 of the tunneling machine 100, avoiding cracking at the welded position of the machine body and twisting of the body caused by concentrated load at a single point, thus extending the service life of the tunneling machine 100.

[0047] In one embodiment of the pressing component 320 of this application, the pressing component 320 includes a lifting member 321 and a first friction plate 322. The lifting member 321 is fixed to the end of the auxiliary plate 312 away from the connecting component 200 and can extend and retract vertically. The first friction plate 322 is disposed at the end of the lifting member 321 near the tunnel floor, and the lifting member 321 can slide on the first friction plate 322. The first friction plate 322 is used to move along a preset direction under the drive of the lifting member 321 and abut against the tunnel floor. A friction block is provided on the lower end surface of the first friction plate 322 away from the lifting member 321, and the friction block is used to increase the friction between the first friction plate 322 and the tunnel floor. The pressing assembly 320 includes a propulsion member 323. One end of the propulsion member 323 is connected to the end of the auxiliary plate 312 near the lifting member 321, and the other end is connected to the end of the first friction plate 322 away from the tunneling machine 100. The propulsion member 323 can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the first friction plate 322 to move in the preset direction. The pressing assembly 320 includes a guide trolley 324. The upper end face of the guide trolley 324 is connected to one end of the lifting member 321, and the other end is slidably connected to the first friction plate 322. The first friction plate 322 is provided with a guide rail that cooperates with the guide trolley 324 for limiting.

[0048] The lifting component 321 is a vertical single-acting hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder flange bolts are locked to the outer platform of the auxiliary plate 312, and the piston rod is connected downwards to the top plate of the guide trolley 324. The lifting component 321 has a maximum stroke of 300mm, which is suitable for the unevenness of the tunnel floor. The bottom of the guide trolley 324 is equipped with 4 sets of polyurethane wear-resistant rollers, which are engaged with the integrated guide rail on the upper surface of the first friction plate 322. Limiting blocks are welded to both ends of the guide rail to limit the forward and backward sliding stroke of the guide trolley 324.

[0049] The first friction plate 322 is made of high-manganese wear-resistant steel plate, with detachable friction blocks welded to the bottom surface. The friction blocks are made of tungsten steel, with diamond-shaped anti-slip teeth milled on the bottom. Each friction block is fixed by countersunk bolts, and can be replaced individually after wear without replacing the entire friction plate. The propulsion component 323 uses a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, with one end hinged to the side lug of the auxiliary plate 312 and the other end hinged to the rear end of the first friction plate 322. The propulsion component 323 has a telescopic stroke of 500mm, matching the standard step distance of 0.5m for a single tunneling operation.

[0050] Further, the telescopic component 311 is extended, causing the auxiliary plate 312 to rotate, so that the first friction plate 322 contacts the tunnel floor. The extension of the telescopic component 311 is stopped, and the lifting component 321 is extended so that it causes the first friction plate 322 to press tightly against the tunnel floor. The tunneling machine 100 moves one step, and at the same time, the propulsion component 323 extends, causing the guide trolley 324 to slide along the guide rail toward the tunneling machine 100. After the sliding is completed, the lifting component 321 is retracted, causing it to cause the first friction plate 322 to detach from the tunnel floor. Then the propulsion component 323 is retracted, causing it to cause the first friction plate 322 to move toward the tunneling machine 100, while the guide trolley 324 returns to its original position. Finally, the above steps are repeated to complete the movement and excavation of the tunneling machine 100.

[0051] Through the cooperation of the lifting component 321 and the first friction plate 322, and the combination of the guide trolley 324 and the propulsion component 323, the first friction plate 322 abuts against the tunnel floor every time the tunneling machine 100 moves, increasing the contact area and friction between the tunneling machine 100 and the tunnel floor. Furthermore, the first friction plate 322 serves as a fulcrum, providing a pulling force to the tunneling machine 100, thereby solving the problem of the tunneling machine 100's heavy weight and tendency to slide down. By setting the lifting component 321, the load of pressing down on the first friction plate 322 is increased, making the first friction plate 322 contact the tunnel floor more tightly, increasing the friction force, and ensuring overall safety.

[0052] Furthermore, to improve stability, a column is installed at the end of the auxiliary plate 312 furthest from the tunneling machine 100. The two ends of the column are connected to the top beam and the base via spherical supports. The base is located at the end of the first friction plate 322 furthest from the tunneling machine 100. When the lifting component 321 has fully extended upwards, the column begins to extend, causing its top beam to contact the top of the tunnel. This improves overall safety.

[0053] In another embodiment of the pressing component 320 of this application, the lifting member 321 is positioned higher than the transport belt 400. When the transport belt 400 sways horizontally, the lifting member 321 restricts the turning angle of the transport belt 400. To address this, the pressing component 320 includes a guide member 325, a tension member 328, and a second friction plate 329. The auxiliary plate 312, located away from the connecting component 200, is connected to the upper surface of the guide member 325. The lower surface of the guide member 325 is slidably connected to the second friction plate 329. The tension member 328 is connected to the second friction plate 329 and the auxiliary plate 312 at both ends, and can extend and retract in a preset direction to move the second friction plate 329 in that direction. The guide member 325 includes a vehicle body 326 and a guide rail 327. The vehicle body 326 is connected to one end of the auxiliary plate 312, and the guide rail 327 is mounted on the second friction plate 329 and engages with the vehicle body 326 for guidance and limiting.

[0054] The auxiliary plate 312 has a guide member 325 fixed to the outer end of the vehicle body 326. The bottom of the vehicle body 326 engages with the guide rail 327 on the second friction plate 329. The bottom plate array of the second friction plate 329 has circular anti-slip grooves to increase the contact area with the soft rock bottom plate and prevent local crushing. The tension member 328 adopts a bidirectional buffer hydraulic cylinder, which is hinged at both ends to the front end of the second friction plate 329 and the auxiliary plate 312 respectively. The cylinder has a built-in buffer spring, which slides into place to buffer and reduce shock, avoiding hard impact damage to the surrounding rock.

[0055] After the pressing component 310 drives the guide component 325 and the second friction plate 329 to press down and adhere to the bottom plate, when the tunneling machine 100 moves forward, the tension component 328 retracts, pulling the second friction plate 329 to slide backward relative to the vehicle body 326, relying on the widened plate surface to disperse the support pressure; when resetting, the tension component 328 extends to push the friction plate forward to reset.

[0056] Furthermore, when the conveyor belt 400 is transporting gangue and the roadway has an angle, the conveyor belt 400 will turn at an angle. When the lifting component 321 is used, the lifting component 321 is higher than the conveyor belt 400, which restricts the turning angle of the conveyor belt 400. Therefore, the end of the auxiliary plate 312 away from the tunneling machine 100 is directly connected to the car body 326 of the guide component 325. The car body 326 slides and is limited in cooperation with the guide rail 327 on the second friction plate 329.

[0057] The telescopic component 311 extends, causing the auxiliary plate 312 to press down, making the second friction plate 329 fit tightly against the tunnel floor and stabilize it. When the tunneling machine 100 moves forward, the tensioning component 328 retracts simultaneously, pulling the second friction plate 329 backward relative to the guide car body 326, relying on the widened plate surface to continuously provide anti-slip support. After tunneling to the desired position, the telescopic component 311 retracts to lift the friction plate, and the tensioning component 328 extends to push the second friction plate 329 forward to reset, completing a single cycle. In this embodiment, there is no vertical lifting component above the conveyor belt, and the vertical swing angle of the transfer conveyor belt is unrestricted, solving the problem of jamming during the transfer of large pieces of gangue.

[0058] This application provides a method for anti-slip tunneling support on steep slopes, applicable to any of the aforementioned anti-slip tunneling support systems. The pressing component 320 includes a lifting member 321, a first friction plate 322, a pushing member 323, and a guide trolley 324, comprising the following steps: Step S10, adjusting the pressing component 310: Step S11, extending the telescopic member 311, causing the auxiliary plate 312 to rotate vertically along the hinge, so that the auxiliary plate 312 drives the first friction plate 322 to abut against the tunnel floor; Step S12, extending the lifting member 321, so that the first friction plate 322 is pressed tightly against the tunnel floor; Step S20, adjusting the pressing component 320: Step S21, after the pressing component 310 is adjusted, extending the lifting member 321 downwards in the vertical direction, so that the first friction plate 322 abuts against the tunnel floor; Step S30, tunneling... Forward movement of tunneling machine 100: Step S31: Using the first friction plate 322, which is pressed and fixed, as an anti-slip fulcrum, control the tunneling machine 100 to move forward one standard tunneling distance; Simultaneously extend the propulsion component 323, driving the guide trolley 324 to slide forward along the guide rail of the first friction plate 322, matching the forward displacement of the tunneling machine 100; Step S32: After the tunneling machine 100 has moved, retract the telescopic component 311, lift the auxiliary plate 312, and release the support of the first friction plate 322 from the roadway floor; Step S33: Retract the propulsion component 323, causing the first friction plate 322 to move towards the tunneling machine 100, while the guide trolley 324 moves from the end of the first friction plate 322 that is close to the tunneling machine 100 to the end of the first friction plate 322 that is far away from the tunneling machine 100; Step S40: Repeat steps S10 to S33 above.

[0059] In one embodiment of this application, the pressing assembly 320 includes a lifting member 321 and a first friction plate 322.

[0060] Pre-tunneling treatment: Manually clean the loose coal and gravel on the bottom plate of the tunneling path to ensure that the first friction plate 322 is in direct contact with the intact rock surface.

[0061] Adjustment of the pressure component 310:

[0062] S11 operates the reversing valve to simultaneously extend the telescopic components 311 on both sides, and the cylinder pushes the auxiliary plate 312 downward to rotate around the hinge point, driving the bottom first friction plate 322 to descend to a pre-fitting position 50mm away from the bottom plate; a pressure sensor is set at the bottom of the first friction plate 322, and the operator collects the cylinder support load in real time through the pressure sensor to control the telescopic component 311 to ensure that pressure is replenished when the pressure on one side is lower than 8MPa.

[0063] S12 extends the piston rod of the lifting component 321, and the first friction plate 322 presses against the tunnel floor plate, relying on the friction block teeth to form static friction anti-slip support with the floor plate.

[0064] S20 pressing component 320 secondary compaction: lifting component 321 slight extension to eliminate gaps caused by unevenness of the base plate, and control the pressure difference between the left and right sides within 1MPa to prevent slippage on one side.

[0065] S30 tunneling machine advances forward in 100 steps:

[0066] S31 locks the travel motor brake, using the first friction plates 322 on both sides as fixed anti-slip fulcrums, slowly unlocks the travel mechanism of the tunneling machine 100 and moves it forward one step; simultaneously controls the extension of the propulsion component 323, pulling the first friction plate 322 backward, and the guide trolley 324 slides forward along the guide rail to compensate for the relative displacement caused by the forward movement of the tunneling machine 100, keeping the friction plates pressed tightly and not slipping off the bottom throughout the process.

[0067] After S32 completes a single cutting and waste removal, the telescopic component 311 retracts, and the auxiliary plate 312 rises upward, causing the first friction plate 322 to completely detach from the base plate and release the ground support.

[0068] S33 retracts the horizontal propulsion component 323, pulling the first friction plate 322 back to the tail of the tunneling machine 100 to reset. The guide trolley 324 slides back to the front limit of the guide rail, completing a single cycle reset.

[0069] S40 Cyclic Operation: Repeat S10~S33, continuously tunneling uphill or downhill; when stopping for maintenance, all hydraulic cylinders retract, and auxiliary plate 312 abuts against connecting component 200 to reduce the overall width of the machine and facilitate passing in the tunnel.

[0070] Through the above steps, the left and right double support points are pressed simultaneously, and the large-area friction plate increases the friction of the bottom plate, completely solving the problem of the machine's self-weight sliding down the slope; the guide trolley 324 guide rail sliding structure enables the support support point to follow the tunneling synchronously, eliminating the need to frequently lift and move the first friction plate 322, thus improving tunneling efficiency; the friction block is detachable, resulting in low underground maintenance costs.

[0071] Another embodiment of this application (using a pressing assembly 320 including a guide 325, a tensioning member 328, and a second friction plate 329):

[0072] Pre-tunneling treatment: Manually clean the loose coal and gravel on the bottom plate of the tunneling path to ensure that the first friction plate 322 is in direct contact with the intact rock surface.

[0073] Adjustment of the pressure component 310:

[0074] S11 operates the reversing valve to simultaneously extend the telescopic components 311 on both sides, and the cylinder pushes the auxiliary plate 312 downward to rotate around the hinge point, driving the bottom second friction plate 329 down to the pre-fitting position 50mm away from the bottom plate; a pressure sensor is set at the bottom of the second friction plate 329, and the operator collects the cylinder support load in real time through the pressure sensor to control the telescopic component 311 to ensure that pressure is replenished when the pressure on one side is lower than 8MPa.

[0075] S12 continues to extend the cylinder of the telescopic component 311, causing the second friction plate 329 to press against the tunnel floor plate, relying on the friction block teeth to form static friction anti-slip support with the floor plate.

[0076] S20 tunneling machine advances forward in 100 steps:

[0077] S21 locks the travel motor brake, using the second friction plates 329 on both sides as fixed anti-slip fulcrums, slowly unlocks the tunneling machine 100 travel mechanism and moves forward one step; simultaneously controls the extension of the tension member 328 to pull the second friction plate 329 backward, and the vehicle body 326 slides forward along the guide rail 327 to compensate for the relative displacement caused by the forward movement of the tunneling machine 100, keeping the second friction plate 329 pressed tightly and not slipping off the bottom throughout the process.

[0078] After S22 completes a single cutting and waste removal, the telescopic component 311 retracts, and the auxiliary plate 312 rises upward, causing the second friction plate 329 to completely detach from the base plate and release the ground support.

[0079] S23 retracts the horizontal tension member 328, pulling the second friction plate 329 back to the tail of the tunneling machine 100 to reset. The car body 326 slides back to the front limit of the guide rail 327, completing the single-cycle reset.

[0080] S30 Cyclic Operation: Repeat S10~S23, continuously tunneling uphill or downhill; when stopping for maintenance, all hydraulic cylinders retract, and auxiliary plate 312 abuts against connecting component 200 to reduce the overall width of the machine and facilitate passing in the tunnel.

[0081] In the above embodiments, the vertical lifting component 321 that does not protrude above the conveyor belt allows the conveyor belt 400 to swing freely up and down and left and right, solving the problem of large chunks of gangue getting stuck during transport. Similarly, it can be pressed synchronously at the left and right dual support points, and the large-area friction plate increases the friction of the bottom plate, completely solving the problem of the machine's own weight sliding down steep slopes. The sliding structure of the vehicle body 326 and guide rail 327 allows the support support points to move synchronously with the tunneling, eliminating the need to frequently lift and move the second friction plate 329, thus improving tunneling efficiency.

[0082] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slope-resistant anti-slip tunneling support system, characterized in that, include: A tunneling machine, wherein a connecting assembly is provided at the end of the tunneling machine; A conveyor belt, hinged to the connecting assembly, is used for transporting gangue, etc. and An auxiliary climbing device includes two sets of downward pressing components and two sets of pressing components. The two sets of downward pressing components are symmetrically hinged to the connecting component and located on both sides of the conveyor belt. The pressing components are located at the end of the downward pressing components away from the connecting component and can move up and down in a vertical direction. The downward pressing component includes a telescopic member and an auxiliary plate. One end of the auxiliary plate is hinged to the lower part of the connecting component, and the other end is connected to the pressing component. One end of the telescopic member is located on the connecting component and above the auxiliary plate, and the other end of the telescopic member is hinged to the auxiliary plate. The telescopic member can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the auxiliary plate to rotate along the hinge.

2. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes a lifting member and a first friction plate. The lifting member is fixed to the end of the auxiliary plate away from the connecting assembly and can extend and retract vertically. The first friction plate is disposed at the end of the lifting member near the tunnel floor and the lifting member can slide on the first friction plate. The first friction plate is used to move along a preset direction under the drive of the lifting component and to abut against the tunnel floor.

3. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A friction block is provided on the lower end face of the first friction plate away from the lifting component. The friction block is used to increase the friction between the first friction plate and the tunnel floor.

4. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing component includes a propulsion member, one end of which is connected to the auxiliary plate near the lifting member, and the other end is connected to the first friction plate away from the tunneling machine. The propulsion member can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the first friction plate to move in the preset direction.

5. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes a guide trolley, the upper end of which is connected to one end of the lifting member, and the other end is slidably connected to the first friction plate. The first friction plate is provided with a guide rail that cooperates with the guide trolley for limiting.

6. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes a guide, a tensioning member, and a second friction plate. The end of the auxiliary plate away from the connecting assembly is connected to the upper end face of the guide. The lower end face of the guide is slidably connected to the second friction plate. The two ends of the tensioning member are respectively connected to the second friction plate and the auxiliary plate, and can extend and retract in a preset direction to drive the second friction plate to move in the preset direction.

7. The steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The guide component includes a vehicle body and a guide rail. The vehicle body is connected to one end of the auxiliary plate, and the guide rail is disposed on the second friction plate and cooperates with the vehicle body for guiding and limiting.

8. A method for anti-slip tunneling support on steep slopes, characterized in that, The pressing assembly, applied to the steep slope anti-slip tunneling support system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprises a lifting component, a first friction plate, a propulsion component, and a guide trolley, and includes the following steps: Step S10, Adjustment of the pressure component: Step S11: Extend the telescopic component to drive the auxiliary plate to rotate vertically along the hinge, so that the auxiliary plate drives the first friction plate to contact the tunnel floor. Step S20: Press the component to adjust: Step S21: After the pressing component is adjusted, extend the lifting component downward in the vertical direction so that the first friction plate abuts against the tunnel floor. Step S30: The tunneling machine moves forward. Step S31: Using the first friction plate that is pressed and fixed as the anti-slip fulcrum, control the tunneling machine to move forward one standard tunneling distance; simultaneously extend the propulsion component to drive the guide trolley to slide forward along the guide rail of the first friction plate, matching the forward displacement of the tunneling machine; Step S32: After the tunneling machine has moved, retract the telescopic component and lift the auxiliary plate to release the support of the first friction plate from the tunnel floor. Step S33: Retract the propulsion component to move the first friction plate closer to the tunneling machine. At the same time, the guide trolley moves from the end of the first friction plate closer to the tunneling machine to the end of the first friction plate farther away from the tunneling machine. Step S40: Repeat steps S10 to S33.

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