A lining jumbo with adjustable working width

Abstract

The application discloses a lining trolley with adjustable working width, comprising a trolley framework and a formwork assembly, wherein the formwork assembly comprises a left side form, a right side form, a left top form, a right top form and a widening form; the left top form and the right top form are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of the top of the trolley framework, and the left top form and / or the right top form has a horizontal displacement stroke on the trolley framework; the left side form is hinged to the bottom end of the left top form, the right side form is hinged to the bottom end of the right top form, and the top end of the left top form and the top end of the right top form are movably connected with the connecting widening form; the top end of the left top form can be detachably connected with the top end of the right top form; and the left top form and the right top form are both arc adjustable forms. The application is applied to the field of tunnel construction, can quickly and conveniently adjust the section form of the trolley without replacing the formwork, so as to adapt to the lining construction requirements of different section sizes, significantly reduces the equipment cost and improves the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a lining trolley with adjustable working width. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel lining construction, the lining trolley is a key piece of equipment used for pouring concrete into the tunnel wall, and its working width must match the design width of the tunnel cross-section. Existing lining trolleys are typically of fixed width, meaning one trolley can only correspond to a specific tunnel cross-section width and profile, failing to adapt to construction needs with varying cross-section widths.

[0003] However, in actual tunnel engineering, variations in cross-sectional width are very common. For example, in long tunnel lines, widened sections (such as emergency stopping lanes, passing tunnels, isolation switch chambers, or dovetail crossings) are required at regular intervals for emergency stopping, equipment installation, or personnel evacuation. Furthermore, at tunnel entrances / exits or sections where geological conditions change, the cross-sectional dimensions may also change gradually or abruptly. These widened sections, relative to the main tunnel cross-section, are typically expanded on one or both sides, resulting in changes to the span of the arch profile and the overall working width.

[0004] To address the aforementioned width variations, the traditional approach is to prepare multiple lining trolleys of different widths, or to adapt the widened section construction by replacing components such as the frame and formwork on the main tunnel trolley. This method has the following drawbacks: Firstly, the preparation and storage costs of multiple trolleys or a large number of replacement components are high, occupying significant construction space and resulting in high equipment idle rates; secondly, the process of replacing the entire trolley or disassembling and assembling the frame and formwork is cumbersome, requiring repositioning and adjustments, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely impacting construction progress and continuity. Alternatively, a separate lining trolley for the widened section can be used, but this also increases equipment investment costs, and switching between different trolleys is inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a lining trolley with adjustable working width, which can quickly and conveniently adjust the cross-sectional shape of the trolley without changing the template to adapt to the lining construction requirements of different cross-sectional sizes, significantly reducing equipment costs and improving construction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a lining trolley with adjustable working width, including a trolley frame and a template assembly, the template assembly including a left side mold, a right side mold, a left top mold, a right top mold and a widening mold; The left top mold and the right top mold are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the top of the trolley frame, and the left top mold and / or the right top mold have a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame; The left mold is hinged to the bottom end of the left top mold, and the right mold is hinged to the bottom end of the right top mold. A widening mold is movably connected between the top end of the left top mold and the top end of the right top mold. The top end of the left top mold can be detachably connected to the top end of the right top mold. Both the left and right top molds are adjustable curvature templates. The adjustable curvature template includes an arc-shaped panel body. The arc-shaped panel body includes at least two arc-shaped segments along the arc length direction. An arc adjustment mechanism is provided between two adjacent arc-shaped segments to adjust the relative angle between the two adjacent arc-shaped segments, so as to change the overall curvature of the arc-shaped panel body.

[0007] Optionally, a number of fixed crossbeams are fixedly provided on the top of the trolley frame along the longitudinal direction; A left telescopic beam is slidably connected between two adjacent fixed crossbeams along the transverse direction, and the left telescopic beam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left top mold; and / or A right telescopic beam is slidably connected between two adjacent fixed crossbeams along the lateral direction, and the right telescopic beam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right top mold.

[0008] Optionally, the lining trolley also includes an automatic locking mechanism, which is disposed between two mating templates that can be connected to each other; The two mating templates that can be connected to each other are the left top mold and the right top mold; and / or The two mating templates that can be connected to each other are the left top mold and the widening mold; and / or The two mating templates that can be connected to each other are the right top mold and the widening mold.

[0009] Optionally, the automatic locking mechanism includes a first docking plate, a second docking plate, and at least one locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism includes a first telescopic member and a second telescopic member; The first docking plate and the first telescopic component are located on the inner side of one of the two docking templates, and the second docking plate and the second telescopic component are located on the inner side of the other of the two docking templates. The first and second docking plates are provided with a first through hole through which the telescopic end of the first telescopic member can pass, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic member is provided with a second through hole through which the telescopic end of the second telescopic member can pass.

[0010] Optionally, the curved panel body includes an integrally formed curved template panel and a reinforcing rib fixedly disposed on the inner side of the curved template panel along the arc length direction. The reinforcing rib is provided with at least one adjustment joint distributed along the arc length direction. The adjustment joint divides the reinforcing rib into multiple segmented rib units. Each segmented rib unit and the part of the arc-shaped template panel connected to it form an arc-shaped segment. The curvature adjustment mechanism is located between two adjacent segmented rib units.

[0011] Optionally, the curvature adjustment mechanism includes positioning holes disposed at the mating ends of two adjacent segmented rib units, and a curvature adjustment connecting plate connected between the two adjacent segmented rib units. The curvature adjustment connecting plate is connected to the positioning holes by fastening connectors.

[0012] Optionally, the curved panel body is composed of multiple segmented panel units spliced ​​together along the arc length direction, and each segmented panel unit constitutes an arc segment. Each segmented panel unit has a connecting plate extending radially inward along its inner edge, and an arc adjustment mechanism is located between the connecting plates of two adjacent segmented panel units.

[0013] Optionally, the curvature adjustment mechanism includes a fastening connector passing through two adjacent connecting plates, and a curvature adjustment wedge disposed between the two adjacent connecting plates.

[0014] Optionally, the widening mold is mounted on the trolley frame via a lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism has a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame.

[0015] Optionally, the widening template includes a left widening template and a right widening template; The first end of the left widening template is hinged to the top of the left top mold, the first end of the right widening template is hinged to the top of the right top mold, and the second end of the left widening template is detachably connected to the second end of the right widening template.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention features a laterally movable left top mold and / or right top mold on a trolley frame. The left and right top molds are set as arc-adjustable templates. By adjusting the relative angle between adjacent arc segments through an arc adjustment mechanism, the overall arc and contour of the left and right top molds can be quickly and conveniently changed. Combined with the installation and removal of the widened mold, it can adapt to the lining construction requirements of different cross-sectional dimensions and radii of curvature. It eliminates the need to prepare multiple sets of templates, greatly reducing equipment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trolley in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention before arc adjustment in the first embodiment; Figure 3 This is the first isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after arc adjustment in the first implementation method; Figure 4 This is a second isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after arc adjustment in the first embodiment; Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after the arc is increased in the first implementation method; Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after the arc is reduced in the first implementation method; Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention before arc adjustment in the second implementation method; Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the adjustable arc template in Embodiment 1 of the present invention after arc adjustment in the second implementation method; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the left telescopic beam / right telescopic beam and the fixed beam in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the trolley frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an isometric view of the connection between the right top mold and the widening mold in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the automatic locking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the trolley breaks in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure during the trolley cross-section change process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure during the trolley cross-section change process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the trolley after the cross-section is changed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the trolley breaks in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of the trolley changing cross-section process in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the trolley after the cross-section is changed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Carriage frame; 101. Traveling mechanism; 2. Left mold; 3. Right mold; 4. Left top mold; 5. Right top mold; 6. Widened mold; 601. Left widened template; 602. Right widened template; 7. Arc-shaped template panel; 8. Reinforcing rib; 801. Adjusting joint; 802. Segmented rib unit; 9. Positioning hole; 10. Curvature adjustment connecting plate; 10. Connecting hole; 1001. Reinforcing rib; 11. Segmented panel unit; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Curvature adjustment wedge; 14. Fixed crossbeam; 15. Left telescopic crossbeam; 16. Right telescopic crossbeam; 17. Locking pin; 18. Connecting shaft; 19. Roller; 20. Concrete placing machine track; 21. Concrete placing machine; 22. First docking plate; 23. Second docking plate; 24. First telescopic component; 25. First telescopic end; 2501. Second telescopic component; 26. Second telescopic end; 2601. Lifting drive mechanism; 27. Mold moving cylinder; 28. Support cylinder; 29. ​​Truss plate; 30. Pulling component; 31. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 The illustration shows an adjustable-width lining trolley (hereinafter referred to as "lining trolley") disclosed in this embodiment, mainly comprising a trolley frame 1 and a template assembly. The bottom of the trolley frame 1 is provided with a liftable traveling mechanism 101. The template assembly includes a left mold 2, a right mold 3, a left top mold 4, a right top mold 5, and a widening mold 6. The left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the top of the trolley frame 1, and the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5 have a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame 1. The left mold 2 is hinged to the bottom end of the left top mold 4, and the right mold 3 is hinged to the bottom end of the right top mold 5. The widening mold 6 is movably connected between the top end of the left top mold 4 and the top end of the right top mold 5, and after removing the widening mold 6, the top end of the left top mold 4 can be detachably connected directly to the top end of the right top mold 5.

[0026] In this embodiment, both the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5 are adjustable-radius templates. The adjustable-radius template includes an arc-shaped panel body, which comprises at least two arc-shaped segments along the arc length direction, referring to the arc direction of the tunnel arch. An arc adjustment mechanism is provided between adjacent arc-shaped segments to adjust the relative angle between them, thereby changing the overall radius of curvature of the arc-shaped panel body. The adjacent arc-shaped segments can be either integrated or designed separately. The radius of curvature of the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5 can be adjusted through the arc adjustment mechanism, thus adapting to the lining construction requirements of different cross-sectional dimensions.

[0027] The radius-adjustable template in this embodiment has two specific implementation methods, see reference. Figures 2 to 6 This is the first implementation of the adjustable arc template, where two adjacent arc segments are connected as one; see reference. Figure 7 , Figure 8 This is the second implementation method for the arc-adjustable template, where adjacent arc segments are designed separately.

[0028] refer to Figures 2 to 4In the first implementation, the main body of the arc-shaped panel includes an integrally formed arc-shaped template panel 7 and reinforcing ribs 8 fixedly disposed on the inner side of the arc-shaped template panel 7. There are multiple reinforcing ribs 8, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel on the inner side of the arc-shaped template panel 7. Each reinforcing rib 8 extends along the arc length of the arc-shaped template panel 7 and is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped template panel 7 by welding or other methods. This enhances the overall structural rigidity of the template and prevents deformation of the template under concrete pouring pressure.

[0029] The reinforcing rib 8 is provided with at least one adjusting slot 801. When there are two or more adjusting slots 801, they are spaced apart along the arc length direction on the reinforcing rib 8, that is, the adjusting slots 801 divide the reinforcing rib 8 into multiple segmented rib units 802 along the arc length direction. Each segmented rib unit 802 corresponds to a segment of the arc-shaped template panel 7, and each segmented rib unit 802 and the corresponding connected part of the arc-shaped template panel 7 form an arc-shaped segment. The adjusting slot 801 is an opening extending from the inner edge of the reinforcing rib 8 towards the arc-shaped template panel 7, and the width of the adjusting slot 801 gradually decreases radially inward, forming a V-shape or trapezoid, so that the adjusting slot 801 can provide a larger angle adjustment range when opened. The depth of the adjusting slot 801 is less than the radial width of the reinforcing rib 8, that is, the adjusting slot 801 does not penetrate into the arc-shaped template panel 7, so as to ensure the continuity and integrity of the arc-shaped template panel 7.

[0030] An arc adjustment mechanism is provided between the mating ends of two adjacent segmented rib units 802, where the mating end refers to the end of the segmented rib unit that mates with the adjacent segmented rib unit. In this embodiment, the arc adjustment mechanism includes positioning holes 9 provided at the mating ends of two adjacent segmented rib units 802, and an arc adjustment connecting plate 10 connected between the two adjacent segmented rib units 802. The positioning holes 9 are respectively provided at the mating ends of two adjacent segmented rib units 802 and extend through the axial direction of the template. The arc adjustment connecting plate 10 is a plate-shaped structure with connecting holes 1001 corresponding to the positioning holes 9. The arc adjustment connecting plate 10 is connected to the positioning holes 9 by fastening connectors such as bolts, thereby fixing the two adjacent segmented rib units 802 together.

[0031] In practical applications, the curvature adjustment connecting plate 10 comes in various specifications, with differences in length and dimensions to match different opening angles of the adjustment joint 801. When the curvature of the template needs to be increased, a longer curvature adjustment connecting plate 10 is selected, allowing the adjustment joint 801 to open at a larger angle. The curved template panel 7 undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the reinforcing rib 8, increasing the overall curvature. When the curvature of the template needs to be decreased, a shorter curvature adjustment connecting plate 10 is selected, allowing the adjustment joint 801 to open at a smaller angle or close, resulting in a corresponding decrease in the overall curvature of the curved template panel 7.

[0032] In practical applications, multiple sets of matching connecting holes 1001 and positioning holes 9 can be set between the curvature adjustment connecting plate 10 and the segmented rib unit 802. When different connecting holes 1001 and positioning holes 9 are selected, the opening angle of the adjustment slot 801 is changed accordingly, so that the overall curvature of the curved template panel 7 is changed accordingly. For example Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, one end of the arc adjustment connecting plate 10 has two sets of matching connecting holes 1001 and positioning holes 9 between it and the corresponding segmented rib unit 802. When the first set of connecting holes 1001 and positioning holes 9 is selected to install bolts to connect and fix the arc adjustment connecting plate 10 to the corresponding segmented rib unit 802, the adjustment joint 801 opens at a larger angle, and the overall arc of the arc template panel 7 increases, that is... Figure 5 As shown, the adjustable curvature template can be used for widening the cross-section during construction. When bolts are installed between the second set of connecting holes 1001 and positioning holes 9 to connect and fix the curvature adjusting connecting plate 10 to the corresponding segmented rib unit 802, the adjusting joint 801 closes, and the overall curvature of the curved template panel 7 decreases. Figure 6 As shown, the adjustable curvature template can be applied to the construction of conventional cross sections.

[0033] In the specific implementation process, the arc-shaped template panel 7 and the reinforcing rib 8 are both made of metal, preferably steel, so that the arc-shaped template panel 7 and the reinforcing rib 8 have a certain elastic deformation capacity, and can undergo adaptive elastic deformation when the adjusting joint 801 opens or closes, thereby realizing the adjustment of the overall curvature, while ensuring that the template has sufficient structural strength and rigidity.

[0034] In addition, several reinforcing ribs 11 are provided between each two adjacent reinforcing ribs 8 on the inner wall of the arc-shaped template panel 7. Each reinforcing rib 11 is parallel to the tunnel axis and is distributed at intervals along the arc length on the inner wall of the arc-shaped template panel 7 to further enhance the overall structural rigidity of the template and prevent local deformation of the template during concrete pouring.

[0035] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8In the second implementation, the arc-shaped panel body is composed of multiple segmented panel units 12 spliced ​​along the arc length direction, with each segmented panel unit 12 forming an arc-shaped segment. Each segmented panel unit 12 is an independent arc-shaped plate with a fixed curvature. The inner edge of each segmented panel unit 12 is provided with a connecting plate 13 extending radially inward. The connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the segmented panel unit 12, serving to enhance the structural rigidity of the segmented panel unit 12 and to provide connection points between adjacent segmented panel units 12.

[0036] An arc adjustment mechanism is provided between the connecting plates 13 of two adjacent panel units 12. The arc adjustment mechanism includes fastening connectors passing through the two adjacent connecting plates 13, and an arc adjustment wedge 14 disposed between the two adjacent connecting plates 13. The fastening connectors are preferably bolt and nut assemblies used to clamp and fix the two adjacent connecting plates 13. The arc adjustment wedge 14 is a wedge-shaped or rectangular pad disposed between the mating surfaces of the two adjacent connecting plates 13, used to adjust the included angle between the two adjacent panel units 12.

[0037] The curvature adjustment wedge 14 comes in various thicknesses, each corresponding to a different panel curvature. When adjusting the template curvature, loosen the fastening connector, replace the curvature adjustment wedge 14 with one of different thicknesses (or remove the wedge 14 directly), then retighten the fastening connector to clamp and fix the two adjacent connecting plates 13 to the curvature adjustment wedge 14. As the thickness of the curvature adjustment wedge 14 changes, the included angle between two adjacent panel units 12 changes accordingly. During application, simply replacing the wedges with different specifications is sufficient to adjust the overall curvature of the adjustable template. This design is not only simple and low-cost, but also eliminates the need for complete template disassembly, making operation quick and easy, significantly improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction period.

[0038] In this embodiment, a plurality of fixed crossbeams 15 are arranged longitudinally on the top of the trolley frame 1. The fixed crossbeams 15 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction and are fixedly connected to the top longitudinal beam of the trolley frame 1, forming the main support frame of the trolley top. A left telescopic crossbeam 16 is slidably connected between some adjacent fixed crossbeams 15 along the transverse direction, and the left telescopic crossbeam 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left top mold 4; and / or a right telescopic crossbeam 17 is slidably connected between some adjacent fixed crossbeams 15 along the transverse direction, and the right telescopic crossbeam 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right top mold 5. When the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5 move laterally, the left telescopic beam 16 and / or the right telescopic beam 17 extend and retract synchronously, always maintaining support for the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5. After the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5 have moved into place, locking pins 18 can be directly installed between the left telescopic beam 16 and / or the right telescopic beam 17 and the fixed beam 15 for fixation. This eliminates the need to disassemble or add beams during the cross-section change process, ensuring the continuity and stability of the top support structure, providing reliable support and guidance for the left and right top molds, improving the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the template, and avoiding the cumbersome operation of disassembling and assembling beams during the cross-section change process, significantly improving the efficiency and safety of the cross-section change.

[0039] The fixed crossbeam 15 is an I-beam. Connecting shafts 19 are fixedly installed on both sides of the left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or the right telescopic crossbeam 17, and rollers 20 are rotatably connected to the connecting shafts 19. The rollers 20 roll into the rectangular grooves on the sides of the fixed crossbeam 15. Figure 9 As shown, this allows the left telescopic beam 16 and / or the right telescopic beam 17 to move between two adjacent fixed beams 15. In practical applications, the fixed beams 15, the left telescopic beam 16, and the right telescopic beam 17 can also be designed as rectangular beams, with the left telescopic beam 16 and / or the right telescopic beam 17 embedded in the fixed beam 15. The left telescopic beam 16 and / or the right telescopic beam 17 can slide laterally inside the fixed beam 15 and be fixed and limited by bolts or pins.

[0040] In practical applications, if the trolley only needs to widen its cross-section to the left (i.e., the left top mold 4 can move laterally on the trolley frame 1, and the right top mold 5 is fixed to the trolley frame 1), then it is only necessary to slide the left telescopic cross beam 16 laterally between some of the two adjacent fixed cross beams 15; if the trolley only needs to widen its cross-section to the right (i.e., the right top mold 5 can move laterally on the trolley frame 1, and the left top mold 4 is fixed to the trolley frame 1), then it is only necessary to slide the right telescopic cross beam 17 laterally between some of the two adjacent fixed cross beams 15. (Reference) Figure 10For example, when the trolley needs to widen the cross section to the left and right at the same time, a left telescopic crossbeam 16 is slidably connected between two adjacent fixed crossbeams 15 in the transverse direction, and a right telescopic crossbeam 17 is slidably connected between two adjacent fixed crossbeams 15 in the transverse direction. The left telescopic crossbeam 16 and the right telescopic crossbeam 17 are staggered in the longitudinal direction.

[0041] More specifically, the top of the trolley frame 1 is also longitudinally provided with a placing boom track 21, on which a placing boom 22 is correspondingly provided. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the trolley frame 1 is provided with a fixed crossbeam 15 and a left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or a right telescopic crossbeam 17. In application, the placing boom track 21 is simultaneously supported on the fixed crossbeam 15 and the left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or the right telescopic crossbeam 17 and locked with bolts. The fixed crossbeam 15 has multiple sets of first locking positions (i.e., bolt holes) corresponding to the placing boom track 21, for different cross-sectional situations. For example, when the trolley does not change its cross-section, the placing boom track 21 is connected to the fixed crossbeam 15 by the first set of first locking station bolts, and is simultaneously connected and fixed to the left telescopic crossbeam 16 or the right telescopic crossbeam 17 by another set of bolts. At this time, the placing boom track 21 and the placing boom 22 remain centered in the transverse direction. When the trolley changes its cross-section, the bolts on the first set of first locking station are first removed, and then the corresponding left top mold 4 and / or right top mold 5, as well as the left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or right telescopic crossbeam 17 are driven to move, which simultaneously drives the placing boom track 21 and the placing boom 22 to move, so that the placing boom track 21 and the placing boom 22 are centered in the transverse direction again. Then, the placing boom track 21 is connected and fixed to the fixed crossbeam 15 by the second set of first locking station bolts.

[0042] The lining trolley in this embodiment also includes an automatic locking mechanism, which is set between two interconnectable mating templates. These two interconnectable mating templates can refer to the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5, the left top mold 4 and the widened mold 6, or the right top mold 5 and the widened mold 6.

[0043] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 12The automatic locking mechanism includes a first docking plate 23, a second docking plate 24, and at least one locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a first telescopic member 25 and a second telescopic member 26. The first telescopic member 25 has a linearly telescopic first telescopic end 2501, and the second telescopic member 26 has a linearly telescopic second telescopic end 2601. Taking the automatic locking mechanism between the right top mold 5 and the widening mold 6 as an example, the first docking plate 23 and the first telescopic member 25 are located inside one of the two docking molds (e.g., the right top mold 5), and the second docking plate 24 and the second telescopic member 26 are located inside the other of the two docking molds (e.g., the widening mold 6). The first docking plate 23 and the second docking plate 24 have a first through hole through which the first telescopic end 2501 can pass, and the first telescopic end 2501 has a second through hole through which the second telescopic end 2601 can pass. The first telescopic member 25 and the second telescopic member 26 can be hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric push rods, etc.

[0044] When the two mating templates (e.g., the right top mold 5 and the widened mold 6) are in place, the first telescopic end 2501 of the first telescopic member 25 extends and passes through the first through holes on the first mating plate 23 and the second mating plate 24, achieving initial positioning of the two templates. Subsequently, the second telescopic end 2601 of the second telescopic member 26 extends and passes through the second through hole on the first telescopic end 2501, completing axial locking, thereby achieving rapid and automatic locking between the two templates. For separation, first retract the second telescopic end 2601, then retract the first telescopic end 2501 to release the lock.

[0045] It is worth noting that in practical applications, the connection between the two mating templates is not limited to using an automatic locking mechanism; bolts or other fixing methods can also be used for manual fixing.

[0046] In this embodiment, the widening mold 6 is mounted on the trolley frame 1 via a lifting drive mechanism 27, and the lifting drive mechanism 27 has a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame 1. The lifting drive mechanism 27 can be a hydraulic cylinder, a lead screw nut, or a scissor lift mechanism, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, to provide sufficient lifting stroke and support force. In practical application, similar to the placing machine track 21, the lifting drive mechanism 27 is simultaneously supported on the fixed crossbeam 15 and the left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or the right telescopic crossbeam 17 and is locked with bolts. The fixed crossbeam 15 has multiple sets of second locking positions (i.e., bolt holes) corresponding to the lifting drive mechanism 27, for different cross-sectional situations. For example, when the trolley does not change its cross-section, the lifting drive mechanism 27 is connected to the fixed crossbeam 15 through the first set of second locking position bolts, and is simultaneously connected and fixed to the left telescopic crossbeam 16 or the right telescopic crossbeam 17 through another set of bolts; when the trolley changes its cross-section, the bolts on the first set of second locking positions are removed first, and then the corresponding left top mold 4 and / or right top mold 5, as well as the left telescopic crossbeam 16 and / or right telescopic crossbeam 17 are driven to move, and the lifting drive mechanism 27 and the widening mold 6 are simultaneously driven to move laterally. Then, the lifting drive mechanism 27 is connected and fixed to the fixed crossbeam 15 through the second set of second locking position bolts.

[0047] In the large-section (widened section) construction state, the widened formwork 6 is located between the left top formwork 4 and the right top formwork 5. The three are connected and fixed by an automatic locking pin mechanism, forming a complete arch lining outline. The left formwork 2 is hinged to the left top formwork 4, and the right formwork 3 is hinged to the right top formwork 5. They are supported and positioned by corresponding strut cylinders to form a complete template assembly.

[0048] When it is necessary to switch from a large cross-section to a small cross-section, the cross-section changing operation process is as follows: First, the left mold 2 and right mold 3 are driven to retract and fold inward, and the entire trolley frame 1 is driven to descend, completing the demolding process. Figure 13 As shown; Then, the connection between the left top mold 4, right top mold 5 and widening mold 6 is released by the automatic locking pin mechanism, and the widening mold 6 is driven to descend by the lifting drive mechanism 27, so that it is lower than the movement trajectory of the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5, making room for the lateral displacement of the top molds at both ends. Figure 14 As shown; Then, the curvature of the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5 is adjusted to increase their curvature and decrease their radius of curvature to adapt to the small cross-section arch profile. Then, the mold-moving cylinder 28 at the top of the trolley frame 1 drives the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5 to move laterally inward, reducing the overall span. Figure 15 As shown; the placing machine track 21, placing machine 22, lifting drive mechanism 27, widening mold 6, and left telescopic beam 16 and / or right telescopic beam 17 move synchronously accordingly; Then, after the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5 are adjusted into place, they are locked together using an automatic locking pin mechanism, completing the switch to a smaller cross-section. Figure 16 As shown; Finally, the trolley frame 1 can be driven to rise, and the left mold 2 and right mold 3 can be re-unfolded and supported and positioned. After the erection of the mold is completed, the small section lining construction can be carried out.

[0049] Conversely, when it is necessary to switch from a small section to a large section, the operation process is reversed: first, disconnect the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5, move the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5 outward, and at the same time adjust the curvature of the top mold to increase its radius of curvature. Then, raise the widened mold 6 and install it between the left top mold 4 and the right top mold 5, and lock it in place by the automatic locking pin mechanism.

[0050] Example 2 The lining trolley with adjustable working width disclosed in this embodiment has the same basic structure and working principle as that in embodiment 1, except that the structure of the widened mold 6 is different.

[0051] In this embodiment, the widening mold 6 includes a left widening mold 601 and a right widening mold 602. The first end of the left widening mold 601 is hinged to the top end of the left top mold 4, and the first end of the right widening mold 602 is hinged to the top end of the right top mold 5. The second ends of the left widening mold 601 and the right widening mold 602 are detachably connected. The first and second ends of the left widening mold 601 refer to the two ends of the left widening mold 601 in the tunnel width direction, and the first and second ends of the right widening mold 602 refer to the two ends of the right widening mold 602 in the tunnel width direction.

[0052] In the specific implementation process, the automatic locking mechanism in Embodiment 1 can be used to connect the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment. Among them, the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602 are also connected to the top of the trolley frame 1 through the support cylinder 29. The support cylinder 29 is not only used to provide support force for the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602 to ensure their positional stability during lining construction, but also to drive the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602 to rotate around the hinge point.

[0053] In the large-section construction state, the left widening formwork 601 and the right widening formwork 602 unfold and connect to form the middle widening formwork 6 part, which, together with the left top formwork 4 and the right top formwork 5, forms a complete arch outline, that is... Figure 17 As shown.

[0054] When switching to a smaller cross-section is required, first remove the truss plate 30 at the top of the trolley frame 1, then disconnect the connection between the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602. Next, retract the support cylinder 29 to drive the left widening template 601 and the right widening template 602 to rotate inwards around the hinge point, disengaging them from their working positions to allow for lateral displacement of the left top mold 4 and / or the right top mold 5. Figure 18 As shown. Then, each supporting hydraulic cylinder 29 is removed, and the flipped-down left widening template 601 and right widening template 602 are pulled and hung on the inner walls of the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5 respectively by the pulling component 31 (pull rope or chain, etc.) to fix them in a position that does not affect the construction.

[0055] After the flipped-down left widening template 601 and right widening template 602 are pulled and fixed, the left top mold 4 and / or right top mold 5 can be moved laterally inward by the mold-moving cylinder 28 at the top of the trolley frame 1, reducing the overall span. At the same time, the curvature and sag of the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5 are adjusted to adapt to the new cross-sectional profile. After the left top mold 4 and / or right top mold 5 are adjusted into place, the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5 are connected and fixed by an automatic locking pin mechanism, or by connecting the left top mold 4 and right top mold 5 through a small arched template (which can be set with a pouring gate). This completes the cross-section change operation. Figure 19 As shown.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lining trolley with adjustable working width, characterized in that, It includes a trolley frame and a template assembly, wherein the template assembly includes a left side mold, a right side mold, a left top mold, a right top mold, and a widening mold; The left top mold and the right top mold are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the top of the trolley frame, and the left top mold and / or the right top mold have a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame; The left mold is hinged to the bottom end of the left top mold, the right mold is hinged to the bottom end of the right top mold, and the widening mold is movably connected between the top end of the left top mold and the top end of the right top mold, wherein the top end of the left top mold can be detachably connected to the top end of the right top mold. Both the left top mold and the right top mold are arc-adjustable templates. The arc-adjustable template includes an arc-shaped panel body. The arc-shaped panel body includes at least two arc-shaped segments along the arc length direction. An arc adjustment mechanism is provided between two adjacent arc-shaped segments to adjust the relative angle between the two adjacent arc-shaped segments, so as to change the overall arc of the arc-shaped panel body.

2. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several fixed crossbeams are fixedly provided on the top of the trolley frame along the longitudinal direction. A left telescopic beam is slidably connected laterally between two adjacent fixed crossbeams, and the left telescopic beam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left top mold; and / or A right telescopic beam is slidably connected between two adjacent fixed crossbeams along the lateral direction, and the right telescopic beam is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right top mold.

3. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic locking mechanism, which is disposed between two mating templates that can be connected to each other; The two mating templates that can be connected to each other are the left top mold and the right top mold; and / or The two interconnecting templates are the left top mold and the widened mold; and / or The two mating templates that can be connected to each other are the right top mold and the widening mold.

4. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 3, characterized in that, The automatic locking mechanism includes a first docking plate, a second docking plate, and at least one locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism includes a first telescopic member and a second telescopic member; The first docking plate and the first telescopic component are disposed on the inner side of one of the two docking templates, and the second docking plate and the second telescopic component are disposed on the inner side of the other of the two docking templates; The first docking plate and the second docking plate are provided with a first through hole through which the telescopic end of the first telescopic member can pass, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic member is provided with a second through hole through which the telescopic end of the second telescopic member can pass.

5. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped panel body includes an integrally formed arc-shaped template panel and a reinforcing rib fixedly disposed on the inner side of the arc-shaped template panel along the arc length direction. The reinforcing rib is provided with at least one adjusting seam distributed along the arc length direction. The adjusting seam divides the reinforcing rib into multiple segmented rib units. Each segmented rib unit and the part of the arc-shaped template panel connected to it constitute an arc-shaped segment. The curvature adjustment mechanism is disposed between two adjacent segmented rib units.

6. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 5, characterized in that, The curvature adjustment mechanism includes positioning holes disposed at the mating ends of two adjacent segmented rib units, and a curvature adjustment connecting plate connected between two adjacent segmented rib units. The curvature adjustment connecting plate is connected to the positioning holes by fastening connectors.

7. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped panel body is composed of multiple segmented panel units spliced ​​together along the arc length direction, and each segmented panel unit constitutes an arc-shaped segment. Each of the segmented panel units has a connecting plate extending radially inward along its inner edge, and the curvature adjustment mechanism is disposed between the connecting plates of two adjacent segmented panel units.

8. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 7, characterized in that, The curvature adjustment mechanism includes fastening connectors passing through two adjacent connecting plates, and curvature adjustment wedges disposed between two adjacent connecting plates.

9. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The widening mold is mounted on the trolley frame via a lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism has a lateral displacement stroke on the trolley frame.

10. The lining trolley with adjustable working width according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The widening template includes a left widening template and a right widening template; The first end of the left widening template is hinged to the top end of the left top mold, the first end of the right widening template is hinged to the top end of the right top mold, and the second end of the left widening template is detachably connected to the second end of the right widening template.

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