A stress warning type anchor rod based on force process temperature sudden increase and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a stress early warning type anchor rod based on temperature sudden increase in a stress process and a use method thereof, and relates to the field of anchor rods. The stress early warning type anchor rod based on temperature sudden increase in a stress process and the use method thereof comprise surrounding rock and a rod body mechanism, and are characterized in that: the rod body mechanism is arranged in the interior of the surrounding rock, the rod body mechanism comprises an anchor rod body, a fixed tray and a nut one, the surface of the anchor rod body is provided with a heat conduction mechanism and an early warning mechanism, the heat conduction mechanism comprises a heat conduction layer and a heat conduction strip, and the early warning mechanism comprises a temperature trigger ring and a protective cover. The stress early warning type anchor rod based on temperature sudden increase in a stress process and the use method thereof rapidly conduct the heat generated by the anchor rod body strain away through the heat conduction layer and the heat conduction strip, reduce heat transfer attenuation, rapidly judge the anchor rod body condition by observing the color change of the temperature trigger ring, timely trigger an alarm and take reinforcement measures when the stress early warning threshold is reached.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a stress-prevention type anchor bolt and its application method, specifically a stress-prevention type anchor bolt based on a sudden increase in temperature during the stress process and its application method, belonging to the field of anchor bolt technology. Background Technology

[0002] Rock bolts are core load-bearing components in geotechnical engineering support systems for coal mine roadways, tunnels, and slopes. Their stress state directly determines the stability of the surrounding rock and the safety of engineering operations. With the continuous expansion of deep resource mining and underground engineering construction in complex geological conditions, rock bolts are frequently involved in roof falls and collapses due to stress exceeding limits, leading to plastic deformation and sudden breakage. Therefore, rock bolt stress over-limit early warning technology with high reliability and strong environmental adaptability has become a core necessity in the field of geotechnical engineering support safety.

[0003] Current anchor bolt stress monitoring technology has significant shortcomings: traditional anchor bolts lack active early warning capabilities, offer no visual indication before breakage, and are highly concealed; mainstream monitoring solutions rely on strain gauges, fiber optics, and vibrating wire sensors, which suffer from complex power supply wiring, high costs, susceptibility to underground moisture, electromagnetic interference, and damage from grouting, making them unsuitable for long-term stable operation under harsh conditions and unable to provide passive, visualized real-time early warning. Research shows that anchor bolt bodies experience significant temperature increases due to internal material friction and lattice slip during periods of increased stress, before yielding, and during plastic deformation; the closer the stress approaches its limit, the more significant the temperature rise. Currently, there is no anchor bolt structure that utilizes this physical phenomenon for stress early warning. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a stress-predictive anchor bolt based on a sudden increase in temperature during the stress process and its usage method in order to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a stress-predictive anchor bolt based on a sudden increase in temperature during the stress process and its usage method.

[0006] The system includes surrounding rock and a rod mechanism, characterized in that: the rod mechanism is disposed inside the surrounding rock, and the rod mechanism includes an anchor rod body, a fixing tray, and a nut; The surface of the anchor bolt body is provided with a heat conduction mechanism and an early warning mechanism, and the heat conduction mechanism includes a heat conduction layer and a heat conduction strip; The early warning mechanism includes a temperature triggering ring.

[0007] Preferably, the anchor rod body is inserted into the anchor hole opened in the surrounding rock, and the gap between the anchor rod body and the surrounding rock is filled with a quick-setting anchoring agent. The quick-setting anchoring agent fixes the anchor rod body inside the anchor hole in the surrounding rock, thereby improving the stability of the fixed connection between the anchor rod body and the surrounding rock.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing tray is sleeved on the surface of the anchor bolt body, and one side of the fixing tray abuts against the surface of the surrounding rock. The fixing tray limits the depth of the anchor bolt body inserted into the anchor hole, thereby improving the accuracy of the anchor bolt body insertion depth.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the anchor body is threaded with a second nut, the first nut is threadedly connected to the anchor body, and the two sides of the fixing tray abut against the first nut and the second nut respectively. The fixing tray is fixed to the surface of the anchor body by the first nut and the second nut, which improves the stability of the fixed connection between the fixing tray and the anchor body.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal conductive layer is fixed to the surface of the anchor rod body, and thermal conductive grease is filled between the thermal conductive layer and the anchor rod body. A thermally conductive groove is formed on the surface of the anchor rod body, and a thermally conductive strip is fixed inside the thermally conductive groove. The gap between the thermal conductive layer and the anchor rod body is filled with thermally conductive grease, which avoids energy reduction when the heat of the anchor rod body is transferred to the thermal conductive layer, and improves the stability of heat conduction.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature trigger ring is snapped onto the exposed end of the thermal conductive layer, and thermal conductive grease is filled between the temperature trigger ring and the thermal conductive layer. A protective cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the temperature trigger ring, and the inner ring of the protective cover abuts against the thermal conductive layer. The protective cover provides protection for the temperature trigger ring, reduces the interference of the external environment on the temperature trigger ring, and enables the temperature trigger ring to have waterproof, dustproof, and vibration-resistant characteristics, so that it can be used stably for a long time in harsh environments such as damp and dusty underground and electromagnetic interference.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature trigger ring is made of an irreversible thermochromic material, specifically one or more combinations of a temperature-indicating coating, a thermochromic layer or a thermosensitive fusion layer, and a high thermal conductivity gapless filling medium. With the irreversible thermochromic material, the temperature immediately turns red after reaching the trigger threshold, and the color change is permanently maintained, which is irreversible. This facilitates rapid identification during on-site manual inspection and also enables the retrospective tracking of early warning information.

[0013] Preferably, the initial color of the temperature trigger ring is white or gray, and the temperature trigger ring will turn red as the temperature rises to 55℃±5℃. By observing the color of the temperature trigger ring, when the temperature trigger ring is white or gray, the anchor bolt body is operating normally. After the temperature trigger ring turns red, the anchor bolt body is abnormal and it is necessary to urgently eliminate the danger.

[0014] Preferably, the stress of the anchor rod body reaches 85% of the design ultimate load and 80% to 90% of the yield strength, which is a safe critical state at the end of the elastic deformation stage and the beginning of the plastic deformation stage. The temperature of the rod body will reach 55℃±5℃. When the anchor rod body reaches the design load, the anchor rod is subjected to increased force and produces elastic deformation, and then enters the plastic deformation stage and a sudden increase in temperature occurs.

[0015] Preferably, when the anchor body temperature is <45℃, the anchor stress is normal and no warning is needed; when the temperature is 45℃ ≤ 55℃, the anchor stress is close to the warning value; when the temperature is ≥55℃, the stress warning threshold is reached, and the alarm is triggered in time by observing the color of the temperature trigger ring, and the anchor stress is normal and no warning is needed; when the anchor stress is close to the warning value, the frequency of on-site observation needs to be increased; when the stress warning threshold is reached, the alarm is triggered immediately and reinforcement measures are taken.

[0016] The method for using stress-prevention anchor bolts based on sudden temperature increases during the stress process includes the following steps: S1. Drill a hole in the surrounding rock, insert the anchor bolt into the anchor hole, inject quick-setting anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and fix the anchor bolt inside the anchor hole in the surrounding rock. S2. Nut 1 and Nut 2 fix the fixing tray to the surface of the anchor body; S3. Temperature is conducted to the temperature trigger ring through the thermal conductive layer and thermal conductive strip. Observe the color change of the temperature trigger ring.

[0017] This invention provides a stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process and its application method, which has the following beneficial effects: This stress-warning anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during stress application and its usage method involves fixing a mounting plate to the surface of the anchor bolt body using a nut. The mounting plate limits the anchor bolt body's position, improving its stability within the surrounding rock. A heat-conducting layer and strip rapidly conduct the heat generated by the anchor bolt body's strain, reducing heat attenuation during transfer and improving the accuracy of the warning mechanism's heat reception. By observing the color change of the temperature trigger ring, the condition of the anchor bolt body can be quickly assessed, enhancing its safety. When the anchor bolt body reaches the stress warning threshold, an alarm is triggered promptly, and reinforcement measures are implemented, further improving the safety and stability of the anchor bolt.

[0018] This stress-predictive anchor bolt and its application method, based on a sudden temperature increase during stress application, utilizes a quick-setting anchoring agent to fix the anchor bolt body inside the anchor hole in the surrounding rock, improving the stability of the connection between the anchor bolt body and the surrounding rock. A fixing tray limits the insertion depth of the anchor bolt body into the anchor hole, improving the accuracy of the insertion depth. Nuts one and two fix the fixing tray to the surface of the anchor bolt body, improving the stability of the connection between the fixing tray and the anchor bolt body. Thermally conductive silicone grease fills the gap between the thermal conductive layer and the anchor bolt body, preventing energy loss during heat transfer from the anchor bolt body to the thermal conductive layer and improving the stability of heat conduction. A thermally conductive groove fixes the thermally conductive strip, improving the efficiency of heat conduction in the anchor bolt body. A protective cover protects the temperature trigger ring, reducing interference from the external environment and giving the temperature trigger ring waterproof, dustproof, and vibration-resistant properties. This allows for long-term stable service in harsh environments such as damp, dusty, and electromagnetically interfered-with areas underground, improving the safety and stability of the temperature trigger ring's use.

[0019] This stress-warning anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during stress application and its application method utilizes thermally conductive silicone grease to improve the stability of heat conduction between the temperature trigger ring and the thermally conductive layer. Through an irreversible thermochromic material, the bolt immediately turns red upon reaching the trigger threshold, and this color change is permanent and irreversible, facilitating rapid identification during on-site manual inspections and enabling post-event traceability of warning information. By observing the color of the temperature trigger ring, the anchor bolt is operating normally when it is white or gray; when the ring turns red, an anomaly occurs, requiring immediate action to eliminate the danger. When the anchor bolt reaches its design load, the increased stress causes elastic deformation, leading to plastic deformation and a sudden temperature increase. The temperature generated by the anchor bolt's strain is conducted to the temperature trigger ring, causing its color to change. Observing the ring's color triggers an alarm promptly. If the anchor bolt stress is normal, no warning is needed; if the stress approaches the warning value, increased on-site monitoring is required; if the stress warning threshold is reached, an alarm is immediately triggered, and reinforcement measures are taken. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of the A-section structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat conduction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the early warning mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal conductive layer structure of the present invention.

[0021] [Explanation of Key Component Symbols] 1. Surrounding rock; 2. Rod body mechanism; 201. Anchor rod body; 202. Fixed tray; 203. Nut 1; 204. Nut 2; 3. Heat-conducting mechanism; 301. Heat-conducting layer; 302. Heat-conducting strip; 303. Heat-conducting groove; 4. Early warning mechanism; 401. Temperature trigger ring; 402. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention provides a stress-predictive anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process and its application method. Example

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes surrounding rock 1 and rod mechanism 2, characterized in that: the rod mechanism 2 is located inside the surrounding rock 1, and the rod mechanism 2 includes an anchor rod body 201, a fixing tray 202 and a nut 203. The fixing tray 202 is fixed to the surface of the anchor rod body 201 by the nut 203. The fixing tray 202 limits the anchor rod body 201, thereby improving the stability of the anchor rod body 201 fixed inside the surrounding rock 1.

[0024] The anchor rod body 201 is made of threaded steel or high-strength alloy steel. When the rod body is subjected to increased stress and enters the plastic deformation stage, it will experience a significant temperature surge due to internal friction and lattice slip of the material. The closer the stress is to the ultimate load, the more significant the temperature rise will be.

[0025] The anchor rod body 201 is inserted into the anchor hole opened in the surrounding rock 1. The gap between the anchor rod body 201 and the surrounding rock 1 is filled with quick-setting anchoring agent. The quick-setting anchoring agent fixes the anchor rod body 201 in the anchor hole of the surrounding rock 1, thereby improving the stability of the fixed connection between the anchor rod body 201 and the surrounding rock 1.

[0026] The fixing tray 202 is fitted onto the surface of the anchor bolt body 201, and one side of the fixing tray 202 abuts against the surface of the surrounding rock 1. The fixing tray 202 limits the depth of the anchor bolt body 201 inserted into the anchor hole, thereby improving the accuracy of the insertion depth of the anchor bolt body 201.

[0027] The anchor body 201 is threaded with a second nut 204, and a first nut 203 is threadedly connected to the anchor body 201. The two sides of the fixing tray 202 abut against the first nut 203 and the second nut 204 respectively. The fixing tray 202 is fixed to the surface of the anchor body 201 by the first nut 203 and the second nut 204, which improves the stability of the fixed connection between the fixing tray 202 and the anchor body 201.

[0028] The rod body, tray, and nut all adopt standard components commonly used in geotechnical engineering anchor bolts: the anchoring section is the smooth front end of the rod body, with a length ≥300mm, ensuring the bonding strength with the anchoring agent and surrounding rock; the tray is made of 150mm×150mm×10mm square steel plate, material Q235B, with a galvanized anti-corrosion surface; the nut is a matching standard high-strength nut, with a tightening torque ≥100N・m, ensuring that the support pre-tightening force meets the standard. The matching structure is completely consistent with ordinary anchor bolts, without changing the construction process. The installation and maintenance of anchor bolt body 201 is a mature technology, and this application will not elaborate on its detailed operation and steps. Example

[0029] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The surface of the anchor bolt body 201 is provided with a heat conduction mechanism 3 and an early warning mechanism 4. The heat conduction mechanism 3 includes a heat conduction layer 301 and a heat conduction strip 302. Through the heat conduction layer 301 and the heat conduction strip 302, the heat generated by the strain of the anchor bolt body 201 is quickly conducted away, reducing the attenuation during heat transfer and improving the accuracy of the early warning mechanism 4 in receiving heat.

[0030] A thermally conductive layer 301 is fixed to the surface of the anchor rod body 201. The thermally conductive layer 301 is made of tin material, and thermally conductive silicone grease is filled between the thermally conductive layer 301 and the anchor rod body 201. A thermally conductive groove 303 is formed on the surface of the anchor rod body 201, and a thermally conductive strip 302 is fixed inside the thermally conductive groove 303. The thermally conductive silicone grease fills the gap between the thermally conductive layer 301 and the anchor rod body 201, avoiding energy reduction when the heat of the anchor rod body 201 is transferred to the thermally conductive layer 301, thus improving the stability of heat conduction. The thermally conductive strip 302 is fixed by the thermally conductive groove 303, and the thermally conductive strip 302 improves the efficiency of heat conduction of the anchor rod body 201.

[0031] The thermal grease uses graphene thermal adhesive with a thermal conductivity of ≥5000W / (m・K) and a thermal response time of ≤1s, enabling lossless and instantaneous temperature transfer of the rod.

[0032] The early warning mechanism 4 includes a temperature trigger ring 401. The temperature trigger ring 401 receives heat transmitted from the anchor bolt body 201, causing the temperature trigger ring 401 to change. By observing the color change of the temperature trigger ring 401, the condition of the anchor bolt body 201 can be quickly determined, thereby improving the safety of the use of the anchor bolt body 201.

[0033] The temperature trigger ring 401 is snapped onto the exposed end of the thermal conductive layer 301, and thermal conductive grease is filled between the temperature trigger ring 401 and the thermal conductive layer 301. A protective cover 402 is fixedly connected to the outside of the temperature trigger ring 401, and the inner ring of the protective cover 402 abuts against the thermal conductive layer 301. The protective cover 402 provides protection for the temperature trigger ring 401, reducing the interference of the external environment on the temperature trigger ring 401. This gives the temperature trigger ring 401 waterproof, dustproof, and vibration-resistant characteristics, enabling it to serve stably for a long time in harsh environments such as damp and dusty underground environments and electromagnetic interference. This improves the safety and stability of the temperature trigger ring 401. The thermal conductive grease also improves the stability of heat conduction between the temperature trigger ring 401 and the thermal conductive layer 301. Example

[0034] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The temperature trigger ring 401 uses an irreversible thermochromic material, specifically one or more combinations of temperature-indicating coating, thermochromic layer or thermosensitive fusion layer and high thermal conductivity gapless filling medium. Through the irreversible thermochromic material, it turns red immediately after the temperature reaches the trigger threshold, and the color change is permanently maintained. It is irreversible, which facilitates quick identification by on-site manual inspection, and can also realize the retrospective tracking of early warning information.

[0035] The initial color of the temperature trigger ring 401 is white or gray, and the temperature trigger ring 401 will turn red as the temperature rises to 55℃±5℃. By observing the color of the temperature trigger ring 401, when the temperature trigger ring 401 is white or gray, the anchor bolt body 201 operates normally. After the temperature trigger ring 401 turns red, the anchor bolt body 201 malfunctions and needs to be eliminated urgently to eliminate the danger.

[0036] When the stress in anchor rod body 201 reaches 85% of the design ultimate load and 80% to 90% of the yield strength, it is in a safe critical state at the end of the elastic deformation stage and the beginning of the plastic deformation stage. The temperature of the rod body will reach 55℃±5℃. When anchor rod body 201 reaches the design load, the anchor rod is subjected to increased force and elastic deformation, and then enters the plastic deformation stage and a sudden increase in temperature occurs.

[0037] When the temperature of anchor bolt body 201 is <45℃, the anchor bolt stress is normal and no warning is needed; when the temperature is 45℃ ≤ <55℃, the anchor bolt stress is close to the warning value; when the temperature is ≥55℃, the stress warning threshold is reached. The anchor bolt body 201 generates temperature through strain, and the temperature is conducted to the temperature trigger ring 401, causing the color of the temperature trigger ring 401 to change. By observing the color of the temperature trigger ring 401, the alarm is triggered in time, and the anchor bolt stress is normal, so no warning is needed; when the anchor bolt stress is close to the warning value, the frequency of on-site observation needs to be increased; when the stress warning threshold is reached, the alarm is triggered immediately and reinforcement measures are taken.

[0038] This invention employs a three-level temperature-stress early warning system, using the rod temperature as the core indicator to accurately correspond to the anchor rod's stress state. The system provides clear grading and appropriate handling, avoiding missed or incorrect assessments and ensuring project safety. Level 1 Normal State: Safe; Temperature Judgment: Anchor body temperature < 45℃; Stress Correspondence: The anchor is in the elastic deformation stage, the stress is far below the safety threshold, and the support condition is stable. Remedial Measures: No warning required; conduct routine periodic inspections and normal construction operations.

[0039] Level 2 Warning Status: Under Observation; Temperature Judgment: 45℃ ≤ Anchor Body Temperature < 55℃; Stress Correspondence: Anchor stress is close to the warning threshold, reaching 70%–80% of the yield strength, and is in a critical state of high stress. Remedial Measures: Activate the under observation warning, increase the inspection frequency to once every 4 hours, strengthen the monitoring of surrounding rock deformation, check the anchor preload, prepare for reinforcement, and prohibit heavy-load construction in this area.

[0040] Level 3 Alarm Status: Danger; Temperature Judgment: Anchor rod temperature ≥ 55℃; Stress Correspondence: Anchor rod stress reaches the warning threshold, exceeding 85% of the yield strength, entering the plastic deformation stage, posing a risk of breakage. Handling Measures: Immediately trigger the red alarm, evacuate on-site personnel to a safe area, stop all construction, activate the emergency reinforcement plan, and resume construction only after the situation has been handled and safety has been verified.

[0041] To avoid interference from ambient temperatures such as high outdoor temperatures and underground heat sources on the accuracy of early warnings, an ambient temperature compensation rule is established: when the ambient temperature continuously exceeds 40℃, a temperature difference of ≥15℃ between the rod and the environment is used as an auxiliary indicator for early warning; when the ambient temperature is below 10℃, a rod temperature of ≥50℃ is used as the early warning trigger standard, ensuring that the early warning result is triggered only by the temperature rise of the anchor rod under stress, thus eliminating environmental interference.

[0042] In use, this invention involves first drilling a hole in the surrounding rock 1 according to the requirements of the anchor rod body 201, then inserting the anchor rod body 201 into the anchor hole, and then injecting a quick-setting anchoring agent into the anchor hole to fix the anchor rod body 201 inside the anchor hole of the surrounding rock 1. The fixing tray 202 is then fixed to the surface of the anchor rod body 201 using nuts 1 203 and 2 204 to improve the stability of the anchor rod body 201's positioning. When the stress in the anchor rod body 201 reaches 85% of the design ultimate load and 80%–90% of the yield strength, the anchor rod experiences increased force and elastic deformation, subsequently entering the plastic deformation stage and experiencing a sudden temperature increase, resulting in a temperature exceeding 50°C. This temperature is rapidly dissipated through the heat-conducting layer 301 and the heat-conducting strip 302. The temperature is transmitted to the temperature trigger ring 401. By observing the color change of the temperature trigger ring 401, the condition of the anchor bolt body 201 can be quickly determined. When the temperature of the anchor bolt body 201 is <45℃, the anchor bolt stress is normal, and the temperature trigger ring 401 is white or gray, requiring no warning. When the temperature is 45℃ ≤ <55℃, the anchor bolt stress is close to the warning value, and the temperature trigger ring 401 turns light red, requiring increased on-site observation frequency. When the temperature is ≥55℃, the stress warning threshold is reached, triggering an alarm immediately and taking reinforcement measures. Through the above device, the stress condition of the anchor bolt body 201 can be clearly observed, improving the safety of the anchor bolt body 201. When an abnormality occurs in the anchor bolt body 201, 2-3 stress warning anchor bolts of the same specification can be installed in time to increase the support density and distribute the stress, improving the safety of the anchor bolt.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stress-predictive anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, comprising surrounding rock (1) and a bolt body mechanism (2), characterized in that: The rod mechanism (2) is located inside the surrounding rock (1), and the rod mechanism (2) includes an anchor rod body (201), a fixed tray (202), and a nut (203). The surface of the anchor body (201) is provided with a heat conduction mechanism (3) and an early warning mechanism (4). The heat conduction mechanism (3) includes a heat conduction layer (301) and a heat conduction strip (302). The early warning mechanism (4) includes a temperature trigger ring (401).

2. The stress early warning anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor body (201) is inserted into the anchor hole opened in the surrounding rock (1), and the gap between the anchor body (201) and the surrounding rock (1) is filled with a quick-setting anchoring agent.

3. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The fixed tray (202) is fitted onto the surface of the anchor body (201), and one side of the fixed tray (202) is in contact with the surface of the surrounding rock (1).

4. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The surface of the anchor rod body (201) is threaded with a second nut (204), the first nut (203) is threadedly connected to the anchor rod body (201), and the two sides of the fixed tray (202) are in contact with the surfaces of the first nut (203) and the second nut (204) respectively.

5. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductive layer (301) is fixed on the surface of the anchor rod body (201). The thermal conductive layer (301) is made of tin material, and thermal conductive silicone grease is filled between the thermal conductive layer (301) and the anchor rod body (201).

6. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The surface of the anchor rod body (201) is provided with a heat-conducting groove (303), and the heat-conducting strip (302) is fixed inside the heat-conducting groove (303).

7. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature trigger ring (401) is snapped onto the exposed end of the thermal conductive layer (301), and thermal conductive grease is filled between the temperature trigger ring (401) and the thermal conductive layer (301).

8. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature trigger ring (401) is fixedly connected to a protective cover (402), and the inner ring of the protective cover (402) is in contact with the heat conduction layer (301).

9. A stress-prevention anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature trigger ring (401) is made of an irreversible thermochromic material, specifically one or more combinations of a temperature-indicating coating, a thermochromic layer or a thermosensitive fusion layer, and a high thermal conductivity gapless filling medium.

10. A method for using a stress-predictive anchor bolt based on a sudden temperature increase during the stress process, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1. Drill a hole in the surrounding rock (1) with the anchor body (201), insert the anchor body (201) into the anchor hole, inject quick-setting anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and fix the anchor body (201) in the anchor hole of the surrounding rock (1); S2, Nut 1 (203) and Nut 2 (204) fix the fixing tray (202) to the surface of the anchor body (201); S3. Temperature is conducted to temperature trigger ring (401) through heat conduction layer (301) and heat conduction strip (302), and the color change of temperature trigger ring (401) is observed.

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