Multistage physical dust removal device for mine integrating gravity, magnetization and foam

Abstract

The application discloses a mine multi-stage physical dust removal device integrating gravity, magnetization and foam, and belongs to the technical field of mine dust control, and comprises a gravity dust removal system, a magnetized water spraying system and a foam dust removal system which are sequentially connected and form a three-stage ladder dust removal structure. The gravity dust removal system is provided with an air inlet fan, a labyrinth guide baffle group and a sedimentation cavity, and the inertia collision of large particle dust in high-speed airflow is utilized to make the large particle dust naturally settle; the magnetized water spraying system comprises a magnetized pipeline, a buckle type annular magnetization group and an annular arranged atomizing nozzle group, water forms magnetized water after being cut by magnetic induction lines in a magnetic field, and the surface tension is reduced and the wettability is enhanced; the foam dust removal system comprises a primary foaming net assembly, a secondary foaming net assembly, a filling type foam cavity and a dehumidifier, and water and foam liquid are foamed into uniform and delicate foam by high-pressure airflow, and residual fine dust is wrapped and settled by the foam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine dust control technology, specifically a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mines that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in mining intensity and mechanization in coal mining faces, dust pollution at work sites has become a key factor threatening mine safety and the health of workers. The hazards of mine dust are mainly manifested in two aspects: firstly, fine coal dust can be explosive when its concentration reaches a certain level, easily causing major and serious accidents; secondly, long-term inhalation of respirable dust can lead to serious occupational health damage such as pneumoconiosis.

[0003] Currently, dust control in mines mainly relies on conventional technical solutions such as ventilation and dust removal, spraying water, and coal seam water injection. However, these solutions generally have the following problems when applied: Firstly, ventilation and dust removal dilute and remove dust underground through airflow. However, due to the limitations of the complex ventilation network in the mine, the airflow cannot accurately cover all dust-generating points, and strong ventilation can easily disturb the settled dust, causing secondary dust. Secondly, spraying water to capture dust particles is the most widely used dust suppression method. However, this method has a weak ability to capture fine dust, especially respirable dust. The probability of water droplets colliding with fine dust particles is low, and the dust reduction efficiency is difficult to improve significantly. Third, coal seam water injection can suppress the generation of coal dust from the source by pre-injecting water into the coal seam. However, this method requires high coal seam permeability and has limitations such as complex water injection process, long cycle, and significant impact on mining efficiency. In addition, the above-mentioned conventional measures generally have large water consumption and are prone to water accumulation on the roadway floor, which deteriorates the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam. Through the synergistic effect of gravity settling, magnetized water mist dust collection, and foam dust removal, it achieves efficient removal of coarse, medium, fine, and respirable dust in mine airflow, comprehensively improving dust removal efficiency and air quality, thereby solving the problem of poor dust control in existing technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining, integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam, is disclosed. This device comprises three sequentially connected parts: a gravity dust removal system, a magnetized water spray system, and a foam dust removal system, forming a three-stage stepped dust removal structure. The gravity dust removal system, magnetized water spray system, and foam dust removal system are connected by flanges, with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber gaskets at the flange connections to effectively prevent leakage of dust-laden airflow and waste liquid. The outer casing of each component is welded from steel plates and coated with an anti-corrosion and rust-proof coating, making it suitable for the harsh, humid, and dusty working environment of underground mines. The device has a unified waste liquid tank at the bottom. All dust-containing waste liquid generated by the gravity dust removal system, magnetized water spray system, and foam dust removal system is collected in the waste liquid tank. The waste liquid tank is equipped with a manually controllable drain switch and a sealed drain port. The drain switch can be flexibly started and stopped according to the liquid level in the waste liquid tank. The drain port can be connected to the mine waste liquid treatment pipeline to realize centralized collection and standardized discharge of waste liquid.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, this gravity dust removal system consists of a dust-laden airflow inlet section, an inlet fan, a labyrinth-type baffle assembly, a settling chamber, and a bottom drain interface. The inlet fan is installed at the inlet end of the dust-laden airflow inlet section and connected to the dust-laden airflow channel in the mine roadway, providing power for the transport of the dust-laden airflow. It draws the dust-laden airflow from the mine roadway to the dust-laden airflow inlet section and then guides it into the settling chamber. The flow velocity of the dust-laden airflow decreases within the settling chamber, and large dust particles naturally settle under gravity after impacting the labyrinth-type baffle assembly. The labyrinth-type baffle assembly, arranged inside the settling chamber, consists of three sets of parallel arc-shaped baffles with a spacing of 20-50cm. The surface of each baffle is coated with an anti-dust-sticking coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm, effectively preventing dust adhesion and accumulation, and reducing the frequency of cleaning. The baffle plate can change the direction of the dust-laden airflow, prolong the dust residence time, and improve the settling effect of large dust particles. A sludge collection tank is set at the bottom of the settling chamber, which is connected to the bottom sewage discharge port, and the dust is discharged through the bottom waste liquid tank.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mines integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam, this magnetized water spraying system consists of a magnetized pipe, a snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly, an atomizing nozzle assembly, a spray chamber, and a gravity dust discharge valve. The underground dust control water pipe is connected to the inlet of the magnetized pipe, supplying spray water to the magnetized pipe. The water flow continuously cuts the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field formed by the snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly within the magnetized pipe, thus completing magnetization and forming magnetized water. After magnetization, the surface tension of the water molecules in the magnetized water is reduced, and its hydrophilicity is significantly enhanced, enabling it to quickly wet mine dust particles, breaking the floating stability of the dust particles and improving dust collection efficiency.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mines integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam, the foam dust removal system consists of a water supply pipe, a foam liquid inlet pipe, a high-pressure blower, a primary foaming net assembly, a secondary foaming net assembly, a foam isolation membrane, a filled foam chamber, a gravity dust discharge valve, a dehumidifier, and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is equipped with a high-pressure blower, providing high-pressure airflow to the foam dust removal system as the foaming power. The water supply pipe is connected to the mine's water supply pipe, and the foam liquid inlet pipe provides the foam medium. The water flow and foam medium are fully mixed at the primary foaming net assembly to form a uniform mixture. Both the primary and secondary foaming net assemblies are made of stainless steel. The primary foaming net has a pore size of 1-2 mm, and the secondary foaming net has a pore size of 0.3-0.5 mm, both fixed by an inner wall nesting method. The mixture enters the secondary foaming net assembly with the high-pressure airflow, where it is fully dispersed under the impact of the high-pressure airflow and the action of the secondary foaming net, generating a large amount of uniform and fine foam.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, the arched magnets are all neodymium iron boron magnets.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, each snap-fit ​​annular magnet consists of an upper and lower magnet composed of six arched magnets. The poles of the arched magnets are arranged alternately, forming a magnetic field with magnetic lines distributed vertically. Both magnets are equipped with knob-type snap-fits, with the upper and lower threads of the knobs rotating in opposite directions. The distance between the upper and lower magnets can be changed by rotating the knobs, thus effectively adjusting the magnetic spacing. Magnetized water is delivered to the atomizing nozzle assembly via a water supply pipe. Foam isolation membranes are installed between the spray chamber and the filled foam chamber, and between the filled foam chamber and the air outlet duct, to prevent foam overflow.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, the atomizing nozzles in the atomizing nozzle group are evenly arranged in a ring array on the spray head and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the spray chamber. The atomization angle of the nozzles is 120° and the spray pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa. It can spray magnetized water mist into the dust-laden airflow in the spray chamber from all directions, increase the contact area, and effectively improve the dust capture efficiency.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, the bottom of the spray chamber and the bottom of the filled foam chamber are configured as a zigzag inward-inclined flow collection structure made of four iron plates welded together, each plate offset from the horizontal by 5° to form a 170° cross-section. The surface is coated with an anti-dust-sticking coating, which allows the sprayed waste liquid to automatically gather and flow towards the center of the chamber. A water collection tank connected to the main sewage pipe is also provided. The dust and waste liquid that settles after being sprayed with magnetized water can be discharged through a gravity dust discharge valve, while the dust-laden waste liquid is discharged from the bottom waste liquid tank.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, a dehumidifier is installed on the exhaust duct. The dehumidifier adopts an adsorption-type dehumidification structure and is filled with replaceable silica gel desiccant, which can quickly adsorb moisture in the purified airflow. A detachable inspection door is provided on one side of the dehumidifier for easy replacement of the desiccant and internal cleaning. A sealing ring is provided between the inspection door and the housing to ensure sealing performance. The purified airflow after dehumidification is discharged through the exhaust duct.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Comprehensive dust removal levels and significantly improved dust removal efficiency: Through the synergistic effect of gravity settling, magnetized water mist dust collection, and foam dust removal, coarse, medium, fine and respirable dust in the mine airflow can be removed in stages, solving the problem of weak collection ability and incomplete dust removal of traditional spray dust removal, and comprehensively improving the dust removal effect and air quality of the mine. 2. Enhanced dust removal efficiency and stronger dust capture capability: The adjustable annular magnetization structure is used to magnetize the water used for dust removal, which can reduce the surface tension of water molecules, enhance the hydrophilicity of water, effectively break the floating stability of dust, and improve the binding efficiency of water mist and dust; combined with a large-angle, evenly distributed atomizing nozzle, the water mist contact area is expanded, further enhancing the fine dust capture effect. 3. Eliminate secondary dust generation and ensure more stable dust removal conditions: The gravity dust removal system is equipped with a labyrinth-style baffle, which can extend the dust residence time and ensure that large dust particles settle fully; each chamber is equipped with an anti-dust-sticking coating and a zigzag inward-inclined flow collection structure to avoid dust accumulation and adhesion, while avoiding the drawbacks of traditional ventilation and dust removal that disturb the settling dust and generate secondary dust. 4. Energy saving, environmental protection and consumption reduction, and a better working environment: It abandons the problems of excessive water consumption and serious water accumulation in the roadway of traditional dust removal, and adopts a physical multi-stage dust removal method. It does not require complicated processes and has no negative impact on coal seam mining; it is equipped with a unified waste liquid collection and controllable discharge structure to achieve centralized and standardized treatment of waste liquid and avoid the deterioration of the working environment by water accumulation in the roadway. 5. Reasonable structural design and convenient and efficient operation and maintenance: The foam system adopts a two-stage differentiated foaming net, which can generate uniform and fine foam to ensure a fine dust removal effect; the air outlet is equipped with a maintenance-friendly adsorption dehumidification structure, which can quickly purify the airflow and water vapor, and the desiccant replacement and internal cleaning of the equipment are convenient; the magnetic field spacing can be flexibly adjusted, and the equipment has strong adaptability and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​ring magnetization assembly. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a labyrinth-type flow guide baffle assembly.

[0017] The diagram shows the following markings: 1-Air inlet; 2-Air inlet fan; 3-Maze-type baffle assembly; 4-Settling chamber; 5-Bottom drain port; 6-Magnetized pipe; 7-Snap-on annular magnetization assembly; 8-Atomizing nozzle assembly; 9-Spray chamber; 10-Gravity dust discharge valve; 11-Water supply pipe; 12-Foam liquid input pipe; 13-Air inlet pipe; 14-High-pressure fan; 15-First-stage foaming net assembly; 16-Second-stage foaming net assembly; 17-Foam isolation membrane; 18-Filled foam chamber; 19-Gravity dust discharge valve; 20-Dehumidifier; 21-Air outlet pipe; 22-Waste liquid tank; 23-Upper magnet; 24-Lower magnet; 25-Knob-type snap-on; 26-Arc-shaped baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam is provided. The device consists of three parts connected in sequence: a gravity dust removal system, a magnetized water spray system, and a foam dust removal system, forming a three-stage stepped dust removal structure. Through the stepped synergistic effect of gravity settling, magnetized water mist dust collection, and foam dust removal, it achieves efficient removal of coarse, medium, fine, and respirable dust in the mine airflow, making it suitable for the complex working environment of high humidity and high dust in underground mines.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the gravity dust removal system mainly consists of an air inlet 1, an air intake fan 2, a labyrinth-type baffle assembly 3, a settling chamber 4, and a bottom drain port 5. The air intake fan 2 is installed at the inlet end of the air inlet 1 and connects to the dust-laden airflow channel in the mine roadway, providing power for the dust-laden airflow. It draws the dust-laden airflow from the mine roadway to the air inlet 1 and then guides it into the settling chamber 4. After entering the settling chamber 4, the flow velocity of the dust-laden airflow decreases significantly, and large dust particles naturally settle under gravity after impacting the labyrinth-type baffle assembly 3. The labyrinth-type baffle assembly 3 consists of four sets of parallel-arranged arc-shaped baffles 26, with a baffle spacing of 20-50cm. The surface of each baffle is coated with a 0.3-0.5mm thick anti-dust-sticking coating, effectively preventing dust adhesion and accumulation, and reducing the frequency of cleaning. The arc-shaped baffle 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the settling chamber 4, which can continuously change the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow, prolong the residence time of dust in the settling chamber 4, and further improve the settling effect of large dust particles. The bottom of the settling chamber 4 is connected to the bottom sewage outlet 5, and the settled dust and waste liquid flow into the unified waste liquid tank 22 at the bottom of the device through the bottom sewage outlet 5 for discharge.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, the magnetized water spraying system mainly consists of a magnetized pipe 6, a snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly 7, an atomizing nozzle assembly 8, a spray chamber 9, and a gravity dust discharge valve 10. The underground dust control water pipe is connected to the water inlet of the magnetized pipe 6, continuously supplying spray water to the magnetized pipe 6. The water flow continuously cuts the magnetic field lines formed by the snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly 7 within the magnetized pipe 6, completing the magnetization process and forming magnetized water. The magnetized water molecules exhibit reduced surface tension and significantly enhanced hydrophilicity, enabling rapid wetting of mine dust particles, breaking the stability of dust floating, and greatly improving dust collection efficiency. Each magnetizer in the snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly 7 consists of six arched neodymium iron boron magnets, one upper magnet 23 and one lower magnet 24. The poles of the arched magnets are arranged alternately, forming a magnetic field with magnetic lines distributed vertically. Both magnets are fitted with knob-type snap-fits 25, with the upper and lower threads of the knobs turning in opposite directions. Rotating the knobs moves the upper and lower magnets in opposite directions, allowing for flexible adjustment of the magnetic spacing. This also enables quick installation and removal of the magnetizers. By changing the magnetic spacing and the number of magnetizers, different magnetic field strength requirements can be accommodated. Magnetized water is delivered to the atomizing nozzle assembly 8 via a water supply pipe. The atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged in a ring array on the top inner wall of the spray chamber 9. The nozzle atomization angle is 120°, and the spray pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5 MPa, forming a fine water mist to achieve comprehensive coverage of the dust-laden airflow within the spray chamber 9. Each atomizing nozzle uses a detachable threaded connection structure for easy cleaning and replacement, preventing clogging that could affect the spraying effect. The bottom of the spray chamber 9 is equipped with a water collection tank connected to the main sewage pipe. The dust and waste liquid settled by the spraying can be flexibly discharged through the gravity dust discharge valve 10 to prevent dust accumulation and blockage of the pipe. The dust-containing waste liquid eventually flows into the waste liquid tank 22. The bottom of the spray chamber 9 is welded from four iron plates, each iron plate is offset from the horizontal by 5°, forming a folded inward flow collection structure with a cross-section of 170°. The surface is also sprayed with a 0.3-0.5mm thick anti-dust coating, which can automatically gather and guide the spraying waste liquid and settled impurities to the center of the chamber to avoid stagnation and accumulation.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the foam dust removal system mainly consists of a water supply pipe 11, a foam liquid input pipe 12, an air inlet pipe 13, a high-pressure blower 14, a primary foaming net assembly 15, a secondary foaming net assembly 16, a foam isolation membrane 17, a filled foam chamber 18, a gravity dust discharge valve 19, a dehumidifier 20, and an air outlet pipe 21. The high-pressure blower 14 on the air inlet pipe 13 provides high-pressure airflow to the system as the foaming power; the water supply pipe 11 is connected to the mine water supply pipe, and the foam liquid input pipe 12 transports the foam medium. The water flow and foam liquid are fully mixed at the primary foaming net assembly 15 to form a uniform mixture. Both the primary foaming mesh assembly 15 and the secondary foaming mesh assembly 16 are made of stainless steel. The primary foaming mesh has a pore size of 1-2mm and is used to achieve initial mixing of water and foam liquid. The secondary foaming mesh has a pore size of 0.3-0.5mm, which can further disperse the mixture into uniform and fine bubbles, improving the foam's ability to capture fine dust. Both sets of foaming meshes are fixed in the foaming pipeline in a nested manner. The mixture enters the secondary foaming mesh assembly 16 with the high-pressure airflow, and is fully foamed under the impact of the high-pressure airflow and the action of the foaming mesh. It then enters the filled foam cavity 18 to encapsulate and settle residual fine dust. Foam isolation membranes 17 are installed between the spray chamber 9 and the filled foam cavity 18, and between the filled foam cavity 18 and the air outlet duct 21. A foam isolation membrane 17 is also installed at the connection between the filled foam cavity 18 and the gravity dust discharge valve 19, which can effectively prevent foam from overflowing the cavity. Dust and waste liquid captured and settled by foam are discharged through gravity dust discharge valve 19 and flow into waste liquid tank 22. The dehumidifier 20 installed on the exhaust duct 21 adopts an adsorption dehumidification structure, filled with replaceable silica gel desiccant, which can quickly adsorb moisture in the purified airflow, preventing condensation on the tunnel walls and equipment corrosion caused by humid airflow. A removable inspection door is provided on one side of the dehumidifier 20, with a sealing ring between the door and the casing for easy desiccant replacement and equipment cleaning, while ensuring a tight seal to prevent leakage of humid airflow. The dehumidified purified airflow is finally discharged through exhaust duct 21.

[0023] Continue as Figure 1 As shown, the gravity dust removal system, magnetized water spray system, and foam dust removal system are connected by flanges. Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber gaskets are installed at the flange connections to effectively prevent leakage of dust-laden airflow and waste liquid. The outer casing of each component is welded from steel plates and coated with an anti-corrosion and anti-rust coating, making it suitable for the harsh, humid, and dusty working environment of underground mines and extending the service life of the equipment. A unified waste liquid tank 22 is installed at the bottom of the device. All dust-laden waste liquid generated by the gravity dust removal system, magnetized water spray system, and foam dust removal system flows into this waste liquid tank. The waste liquid tank is equipped with a manually controllable drain switch and a sealed drain port. The drain switch can be flexibly started and stopped according to the liquid level in the waste liquid tank, and the drain port can be connected to the mine waste liquid treatment pipeline to achieve centralized collection and standardized discharge of waste liquid.

[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining that integrates gravity, magnetization, and foam, characterized in that: It includes a gravity dust removal system, a magnetized water spray system, and a foam dust removal system; all systems are connected by flanges, and sealing gaskets are installed at the flange connections; the outer shell of all systems is welded from steel plates and coated with an anti-corrosion and anti-rust coating; all systems are equipped with a unified waste liquid tank at the bottom, and all generated dust-containing waste liquid is collected in the waste liquid tank. A manually controllable drain switch and a sealed drain port are installed at the end of the waste liquid tank, and the drain port is connected to the mine waste liquid treatment pipeline.

2. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gravity dust removal system consists of an air inlet, an air intake fan, a labyrinth-type baffle assembly, a settling chamber, and a bottom drain port. The air intake fan is installed at the inlet end of the dust-laden airflow section and is connected to the dust-laden airflow channel in the mine roadway. The air intake fan provides power for the transport of the dust-laden airflow, drawing the dust-laden airflow in the mine roadway to the air inlet, and then introducing the dust-laden airflow into the settling chamber from the air inlet. In the settling chamber, the dust-laden airflow collides with the labyrinth-type baffles due to inertial collision. The labyrinth-type baffle assembly is arranged inside the settling chamber. The bottom of the settling chamber is connected to the bottom drain port, and the blocked dust is discharged through the bottom waste liquid tank under the action of gravity.

3. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The labyrinth-type flow guide baffle assembly consists of a group of parallel arc-shaped flow guide baffles with a baffle spacing of 20-50cm. The surface of each baffle is coated with an anti-dust coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm. The flow guide baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the settling chamber.

4. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetized water spraying system consists of a magnetized pipe, a snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly, an atomizing nozzle assembly, a spray chamber, and a gravity dust discharge valve. The inlet end of the magnetized pipe is connected to the underground dust control water pipe, providing spray water to the magnetized pipe. The water flow continuously cuts the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field formed by the snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly within the magnetized pipe, thus completing magnetization and forming magnetized water. The magnetized water is transported to the atomizing nozzle assembly via a water supply pipe, spraying the magnetized water mist into the dust-laden airflow within the spray chamber. The gravity dust discharge valve is connected to a collection tank via a main discharge pipe. Dust and waste liquid that settle after being sprayed with magnetized water can be discharged through the gravity dust discharge valve, while the dust-laden waste liquid is discharged from the bottom waste liquid tank.

5. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Each snap-fit ​​annular magnetizer in the snap-fit ​​annular magnetization assembly consists of an upper magnet and a lower magnet, each composed of six arched magnets. The N and S poles of the arched magnets are arranged alternately in the vertical direction, so that the magnetic field lines are mainly distributed in the vertical direction. Both the upper and lower magnets are equipped with knob-type snap-fits. The knobs in these snap-fits have upper and lower threaded sections with opposite rotation directions. When the knobs are rotated, the upper and lower magnets can be moved in opposite directions, thereby changing the distance between the two magnets. The knob-type snap-fits can also be used to install and remove the magnetizers, adjust the magnetic spacing, and increase or decrease the number of magnetization assemblies to form magnetic fields of different intensities.

6. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The atomizing nozzles of the atomizing nozzle group are evenly arranged in a ring array on the spray head and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the spray chamber. The atomization angle of the nozzles is 120° and the spray pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa. Each atomizing nozzle adopts a detachable connection structure and is connected to the pipeline by threads.

7. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The foam dust removal system consists of a water supply pipe, a foam liquid inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, a high-pressure blower, a primary foaming net assembly, a secondary foaming net assembly, a foam isolation membrane, a filled foam chamber, a gravity dust discharge valve, a dehumidifier, and an outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is equipped with a high-pressure blower, providing high-pressure airflow to the foam dust removal system. The foam liquid inlet pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, supplying foam liquid to the system. Water is transported to the primary foaming net assembly, where it mixes thoroughly with the foam medium to form a uniform mixture. The mixture is then carried by the high-pressure airflow from the air inlet pipe. The mixture enters the secondary foaming mesh component together. Under the impact of the high-pressure airflow and the action of the secondary foaming mesh component, the mixture is fully dispersed, generating a large number of uniform and fine bubbles. Foam isolation membranes are installed between the spray chamber and the foam filling chamber, and between the foam filling chamber and the air outlet duct. Foam isolation membranes are also installed at the connection between the filling foam chamber and the gravity dust discharge valve. The dust and waste liquid captured and settled by the foam can be discharged into the waste liquid tank through the gravity dust discharge valve, and the dust-containing waste liquid is discharged from the bottom sewage main pipe. A dehumidifier is installed on the air outlet duct, and the purified airflow after dehumidification is discharged through the air outlet duct.

8. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of both the spray chamber and the filling foam chamber is welded from four iron plates, each of which is 5° off the horizontal, forming a zigzag inward-sloping flow collection structure with a cross-section of 170°. The surfaces are also coated with an anti-dust coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm.

9. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Both the primary and secondary foaming mesh components are made of stainless steel. The primary foaming mesh has a pore size of 1-2 mm, and the secondary foaming mesh has a pore size of 0.3-0.5 mm. Both are fixed in the foaming pipeline by nesting within the inner wall. The primary foaming mesh is used to achieve the initial mixing of water and foam liquid, while the secondary foaming mesh is used to further disperse the mixture into fine bubbles.

10. The multi-stage physical dust removal device for mining integrating gravity, magnetization, and foam as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The dehumidifier adopts an adsorption-type dehumidification structure and is filled with replaceable silica gel desiccant. A detachable inspection door is provided on one side of the dehumidifier, and a sealing ring is provided between the inspection door and the dehumidifier housing.

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