A measuring system and a measuring method in a production plant

Abstract

The application provides a measuring system and a measuring method in a production workshop, which are used for measuring measured objects in a measured area of the production workshop, and comprise two single-side measuring devices which are arranged on opposite sides of the measured area respectively, wherein the single-side measuring device comprises a straight track, a moving measuring mechanism and a reflector; the straight track is fixedly arranged and is higher than all the measured objects in the measured area; the moving measuring mechanism comprises a moving vehicle and a total station instrument which is fixedly arranged on the moving vehicle; the moving vehicle is installed on the straight track and can move linearly along the straight track; the reflector is at least two, is arranged along the length direction of the straight track at intervals and is fixed with the straight track, and is higher than all the measured objects in the measured area; the total station instrument of each single-side measuring device can aim at all the reflectors of the other single-side measuring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary measurement technology in workshop production, and in particular to a measurement system and method for use in a production workshop. Background Technology

[0002] In industrialized prefabrication workshops for large concrete components such as caissons, cylinders, and gravity anchor blocks, precise measurement and layout, component dimension verification, and workstation placement are core processes to ensure the accuracy of component production and meet engineering design standards. Currently, production operations primarily rely on surveyors who, based on construction design drawings, use traditional measuring equipment to complete a series of measurement tasks, including component location layout, dimensional inspection, and workshop placement calibration. This ensures that the formed dimensions and installation positions of large concrete components meet the requirements of engineering construction specifications.

[0003] However, large concrete components are bulky and occupy a large area, limiting the internal space of prefabrication workshops. Furthermore, the workshops are often densely packed with component models, rebar cages, various production tools, and auxiliary equipment, resulting in a complex layout and extremely poor visibility, leading to significant measurement obstruction issues. Currently, the industry commonly uses traditional total station manual measurement, requiring surveyors to repeatedly move the instrument and set up and change measurement points within the factory area. Simultaneously, manual aiming at the measuring points and manual recording and input of measurement data are crucial. This operational mode has the following technical drawbacks in practical applications:

[0004] 1. Site obstructions limit the measurement coverage of single-station instruments, requiring frequent relocation of stations, significantly increasing measurement process time, resulting in low operational efficiency and difficulty in adapting to the pace of large-scale prefabrication production.

[0005] 2. Each instrument setup will generate centering, leveling, and orientation operation errors. Multiple station transfers will cause the errors to accumulate continuously, significantly reducing the measurement accuracy of components and making it easy for component dimensions and positioning deviations to exceed the standard, thus affecting the quality of the finished product.

[0006] 3. High-intensity, repetitive manual measurement work is prone to causing operator fatigue, and human errors such as misreading, misrecording, and misentering data are inevitable, further reducing the accuracy of measurement data.

[0007] 4. Surveyors and equipment frequently move around the workshop, creating overlapping operations with construction equipment such as cranes and transport vehicles. This not only poses significant safety hazards but also disrupts the workshop's normal production line, hindering the improvement of overall production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent measurement system for production workshops, which can be used to measure the size and position of objects in the workshop, and is safe, efficient and highly accurate.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a measurement system for a production workshop, used to measure objects in a measured area of ​​the production workshop. The system includes two single-sided measuring devices respectively disposed on opposite sides of the measured area. Each single-sided measuring device includes a linear track, a moving measuring mechanism, and reflectors. The linear track is fixedly installed and is higher than all objects in the measured area. The moving measuring mechanism includes a moving vehicle and a total station fixedly installed on the moving vehicle. The moving vehicle is mounted on the linear track and can move linearly along the track. At least two reflectors are provided, spaced apart along the length of the linear track and fixed to the track. The reflectors are higher than all objects in the measured area. The total station of each single-sided measuring device can aim at all reflectors of the other single-sided measuring device.

[0010] Furthermore, the linear tracks of the two unilateral measuring devices are fixed on the walls on opposite sides of the production workshop.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear track is set horizontally, and the subsidence is ≤1mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of reflectors in the single-sided measuring device is greater than or equal to 5, and all reflectors are arranged at equal intervals.

[0013] Furthermore, the single-sided measuring device also includes a fixed socket fixed to the linear track, and the reflector is detachably fixed to the fixed socket.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a control device that is communicatively connected to the moving measuring mechanisms of both single-sided measuring devices, and is able to receive measurement data from the total station and control the movement of the total station and the moving vehicle.

[0015] Furthermore, the control device and the mobile measuring mechanism communicate wirelessly.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes multiple forced centering observation piers that are fixedly installed in the production workshop.

[0017] The present invention also provides a measurement method for use in a production workshop, for measuring a measured object in a measured area of ​​the production workshop, using the above-mentioned measurement system, and including the following steps:

[0018] S1. Establish the workshop coordinate system and determine the coordinate positions of all reflectors of the two single-sided measuring devices in the workshop coordinate system;

[0019] S2. Based on the shape and size of the object being measured, and its position within the measured area, at least one single-sided measuring device's moving measuring mechanism shall be selected for measurement work, including:

[0020] S21. The mobile measuring mechanism moves to a station position near the object being measured by a mobile vehicle on a straight track. When the mobile vehicle is at the station position, the total station on it must be able to aim at at least two reflectors of the other single-sided measuring device facing the opposite direction. Then, the position of the total station in the workshop coordinate system is determined by the two reflectors.

[0021] S22. After determining the position coordinates of the total station, use the total station to measure the object being measured.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the measurement is performed simultaneously using the moving measurement mechanism of two single-sided measuring devices; and it also includes step S3: comparing and verifying the detection data of the moving measurement mechanisms of multiple single-sided measuring devices.

[0023] As described above, the measurement system and measurement method of the present invention have the following main advantages.

[0024] 1. Solve the problem of obstruction and reduce error accumulation: By adopting a high-level double-track and dual-station collaborative layout, the total station is raised into the air, and two sets of instruments cover both sides of the measured area respectively, which eliminates ground obstruction interference to the greatest extent and eliminates the need for frequent station transfers, greatly improving work efficiency; by using multiple fixed reflector networks for self-positioning and resection station setting, the mechanical errors of straight track and the superposition of centering, leveling and orientation errors caused by multiple station transfers are eliminated, effectively ensuring the measurement and layout accuracy of prefabricated components and other measured objects.

[0025] 2. Enhanced safety and compatibility: Surveying personnel and equipment avoid overlapping work areas on the ground, reducing safety hazards associated with overlapping operations with cranes and transport vehicles. At the same time, surveying operations do not interfere with normal factory production, achieving compatibility between surveying and production.

[0026] 3. Reduce the impact of human factors: It can realize remote control mode in the background, avoid surveyors to perform high-intensity repetitive work on site, eliminate the phenomenon of data reading errors, recording errors, and input errors, significantly reduce human error, and at the same time reduce labor intensity.

[0027] 4. Ensuring long-term accuracy: Standardized measuring point design plus periodic fine calibration design, through forced centering observation piers to periodically remeasure and correct the reflector coordinates, realizes measurement automation and data traceability, and maintains the stability and accuracy of the entire system in long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of circle A.

[0030] Figure 3This is a top view of the measurement system of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a side view of the measurement system of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0033] 1. Single-sided measuring device; 11. Straight track; 111. Straight guide rail; 12. Moving measuring mechanism; 121. Moving vehicle; 122. Total station; 13. Reflector; 14. Fixed socket; 2. Wall; 3. Measured area. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0035] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0036] It should also be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may be connected to an intermediary component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component through an intermediary component.

[0037] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0038] See Figures 1 to 4This invention provides a measurement system for measuring objects in a production workshop, specifically for measuring objects in a measured area 3 within the workshop. The system includes two single-sided measuring devices 1, each positioned on opposite sides of the measured area 3. Each single-sided measuring device 1 includes a straight track 11, a moving measuring mechanism 12, and reflectors 13. The straight track 11 is fixedly positioned and is higher than all objects in the measured area 3. The moving measuring mechanism 12 includes a moving vehicle 121 and a total station 122 fixedly mounted on the moving vehicle 121. The moving vehicle 121 is mounted on the straight track 11 and can move linearly along it. At least two reflectors 13 are spaced apart along the length of the straight track 11 and fixed to it. The reflectors 13 are higher than all objects in the measured area 3. The total station 122 of each single-sided measuring device 1 can aim at all reflectors 13 of the other single-sided measuring device 1. This aiming occurs when there is no obstruction between the total station 122 and the reflectors 13, meaning all reflectors 13 on one side are within the effective measurement range of the total station 122 on the other side.

[0039] The main working principle of the measurement system involved in this invention is as follows: the measured area 3 can be the entire production workshop or a part of the workshop, specifically divided according to the actual production layout and measurement task requirements. For example, it can be used to perform local measurements on the storage area or casting area of ​​a large precast component. In large concrete component precast plants, due to the huge size of components such as caissons, cylinders, and gravity anchor blocks, and the dense stacking of models, rebar cages, and various tooling, the ground visibility is extremely poor. Two single-sided measuring devices 1 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the measured area 3, forming a double-sided, double-station layout. The straight track 11 is higher than all the measured objects in the measured area 3, and in practical applications, it is also required to be higher than the tops of all stockpiles and equipment, so that the total station 122 can obtain a wide high-level field of view, minimizing ground obstruction interference and eliminating the need for frequent station changes. For objects at different locations, the mobile measuring mechanism 12, via a moving carriage 121, drives the total station 122 along the straight track 11. The moving carriage 121 preferably includes a position detection component that can provide real-time feedback on its position. This component provides real-time feedback on the position, enabling the mobile measuring mechanism 12 to roughly navigate and initially locate itself. The position detection component can use a photoelectric encoder, magnetic scale, or laser rangefinder to detect the mileage and current position of the moving carriage 121 in real time, transmitting the position information to the control device or the total station 122 as a rough navigation reference. The total station 122 has a telescope capable of adjusting the aiming direction, and its aiming direction in both the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted. Preferably, a total station 122 with automatic target recognition and automatic aiming functions is used. When setting up the station in this way, the total station 122 can be moved to a suitable position according to the location of the object being measured. Then, through its automatic target recognition and automatic aiming functions, it aims at at least two reflectors 13 of the opposing single-sided measuring device 1. Using the resection principle, the position and line of sight of the total station 122 are calculated in real time. This calculation process is highly accurate and can eliminate track mechanical errors and the travel errors of the moving vehicle 121. After determining the position of the total station 122, the corresponding measurement work can be carried out using the total station 122, and information such as the size and position of the object being measured can be obtained.

[0040] The measurement system of this invention eliminates the need for surveyors to repeatedly set up total stations and transfer stations on-site, thus changing the traditional on-site operation mode. This significantly improves work efficiency, eliminates the accumulation of centering, leveling, and orientation errors after multiple station transfers, effectively ensuring the accuracy of prefabricated components and other measured objects. It also avoids the need for surveyors and instruments to work alongside cranes and transport vehicles in the factory, significantly reducing safety hazards and not interfering with normal factory production. Furthermore, it can determine which instrument has an unobstructed optical path based on the actual situation and assign it to perform the measurement task. If neither instrument has an obstructed optical path, they can perform measurements simultaneously for mutual verification, further improving measurement accuracy.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 4 The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0042] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the linear tracks 11 of the two single-sided measuring devices 1 are respectively fixed on the opposite walls 2 of the production workshop. They are preferably parallel to each other, but in some cases, they can be slightly clamped together. The linear tracks 11 are preferably horizontally positioned, and their parallel arrangement allows for better determination of the total station 122's movement position. Directly fixing the linear tracks 11 to the walls 2 fully utilizes the existing load-bearing structure of the factory building, reducing the need for additional independent support structures. This not only saves space but also improves the overall structural stability and seismic performance of the system, creating an integrated rigid connection between the linear tracks 11 and the main structure of the factory building. Specifically, the linear tracks 11 can be positioned in the upper middle part of the two parallel long walls of the factory building, with the height adjusted according to the workshop size to minimize obstruction. This allows the entire area within the workshop to be used as the measurement area 3.

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the linear track 11 is made of precision steel rail, which has high strength and high rigidity. The track stiffness and installation accuracy meet the strict requirement that the settlement under full load is less than or equal to 1 mm, ensuring that the total station 122 maintains extremely high spatial stability at any measurement position and avoiding line-of-sight deviation of the total station 122 due to track settlement. Furthermore, the linear track 11 is provided with a linear guide rail 111, and the moving carriage 121 is provided with a guide slot that mates with the linear guide rail 111. The linear guide rail 111 and the guide slot are precisely clearance-fitted, enabling the moving carriage 121 to travel stably and strictly along the linear track 11, avoiding deviation, swaying, or derailment during travel. This provides a stable and reliable measurement platform for the total station 122, ensuring the accuracy of the automatic aiming process. During installation, a level and a laser collimator can be used to precisely level and align the linear track 11, ensuring that the two linear tracks 11 are parallel to each other and horizontal to the ground. The connection between the linear track 11 and the wall can be achieved by pre-embedded steel plates and high-strength expansion bolts, ensuring a firm connection and easy adjustment.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the number of reflectors 13 in the single-sided measuring device 1 is greater than or equal to 5, and all reflectors 13 are equally spaced. By setting the number of reflectors 13 to no less than five and arranging them equally spaced along the straight track 11, the total station 122 of the opposing single-sided measuring device 1 can find at least two reasonably distributed reflectors 13 for resection positioning at any working position on the straight track 11 within its effective field of view. A larger number and more evenly distributed reflectors 13 not only provide more options for observation combinations, but also help improve the accuracy and reliability of resection calculations, avoiding situations where individual reflectors 13 are temporarily blocked or contaminated by dust, making it impossible to set up a station. In this embodiment, the reflectors 13 can be stainless steel prisms or high-reflectivity reflectors. High-reflectivity reflectors are low in cost and easy to install flexibly, suitable for measurement needs of non-ultra-high precision points; while stainless steel prisms are made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials, which can adapt to the harsh environment of humid, dusty or corrosive media in factories, ensuring long-term stable optical performance. The two outermost reflectors 13 in a row are preferably positioned close to the ends of the straight track 11, i.e., close to the edge of the measured area 3 along its length. This effectively expands the measurement range and ensures that the total station 122 can still be effectively positioned at the edge of the measured area 3, without any blind spots. All reflectors 13 are assigned coordinate positions in the workshop coordinate system through overall adjustment during initial installation, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the coordinate reference of the entire reflector network 13, providing high-precision starting data for subsequent self-positioning of the total station 122. The equidistant spacing also facilitates automatic retrieval and selection of the optimal observation combination, simplifying the calculation logic. The installation angle of the reflectors 13 is precisely adjusted to ensure that their reflecting surfaces face the normal line of sight of the total station 122, improving the success rate of automatic target recognition and aiming accuracy.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the single-sided measuring device 1 further includes a fixed socket 14 fixed to the linear track 11, and the reflector 13 is detachably fixed to the fixed socket 14. The fixed socket 14 enables standardized installation of the reflector 13. When a reflector 13 is damaged, aged, becomes contaminated, or needs to be replaced with a different type during long-term use, it can be easily disassembled and reinstalled without changing its installation reference position on the linear track 11. This ensures that the coordinate accuracy after maintenance is consistent with the initial calibration, reduces maintenance costs and difficulty, and improves the maintainability and adaptability of the system. In this embodiment, the fixed socket 14 is embedded in or near the wall structure of the linear track 11 and located outside the movement path of the moving measuring mechanism 12, so as not to affect the normal operation of the moving measuring mechanism 12. The position of the fixed socket 14 is determined by precision molds during the production of the linear track 11 or the construction of the factory. This allows for the repeated installation of miniature prisms or the attachment of high-reflectivity reflectors. The prism socket's positional accuracy is ensured by the molds, guaranteeing that the center of the reflector 13 after each replacement perfectly matches the original center, minimizing the error during repeated installation. The fixed socket 14 may have internal threads or slots that precisely match the corresponding structure of the reflector 13 base, enabling rapid positioning and locking. After removing the reflector 13, a protective cover can be used to seal the fixed socket 14. This cover can be a threaded rubber cover or a metal cover, preventing dust, debris, moisture, or corrosive media from the production environment from entering the socket and affecting subsequent installation accuracy. This ensures the long-term stability and repeatability of the reflector 13 installation and extends the service life of the fixed socket 14.

[0046] In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the measurement system also includes a control device (not shown in the accompanying drawings). The control device is communicatively connected to the moving measuring mechanisms 12 of both single-sided measuring devices 1, capable of receiving measurement data from the total station 122 and controlling the movements of the total station 122 and the moving vehicle 121. As the remote control hub of the entire measurement system, the control device enables remote operation by professional personnel, eliminating the need for surveyors to perform intensive repetitive work on-site, thus achieving centralized and intelligent management of measurement operations. In this embodiment, the control device specifically includes a central control console, which maintains real-time communication with the total station 122 and the moving vehicle 121 via the factory's wireless network, forming a complete wireless measurement control network. The wireless communication can employ stable and reliable transmission methods such as industrial-grade WiFi networks, 5G networks, or dedicated wireless local area networks to ensure real-time transmission of measurement data and control commands. The surveyor operates a computer at the central control console, selecting stakeout points or inspection sequences on the software interface. The system automatically plans the travel path and station location of the mobile cart 121 according to preset logic. After confirmation by the surveyor, the mobile cart 121 is remotely operated to move to the predetermined location. Then, the total station 122 is remotely controlled to automatically complete the workflow of station setting, aiming, and measurement. Real-time measurement data acquired by the total station 122 (such as point coordinates, deviation values, etc.) is instantly transmitted back and displayed on the central control console screen for real-time monitoring and analysis by the surveyor. On-site workers can receive adjustment instructions via lighting guidance or walkie-talkies and adjust the measured object or mold according to the deviation values ​​displayed on the screen. The control device preferably also has a data storage and retrieval function, automatically archiving all measurement records and operation logs to achieve data traceability and auditable operation process. The background control mode achieved through the control device avoids high-intensity repetitive labor on-site, reduces human error in data reading, recording, and input, and completely separates measurement operations from factory production operations in space, ensuring no interference and significantly improving safety and compatibility.

[0047] In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the measurement system also includes multiple forced centering observation piers (not shown in the attached drawings) fixedly installed in the production workshop. These forced centering observation piers serve as permanent high-precision reference points for the factory area. They can utilize existing forced centering base structures, employing central threaded holes or snap-fit ​​structures to ensure extremely high centering accuracy each time the measuring instrument is erected, eliminating centering and leveling errors associated with traditional tripod setups, and providing a unified instrument reference for periodic remeasurements. By periodically measuring and positioning all reflectors 13 of the two single-sided measuring devices 1 using the forced centering observation piers, the system can accurately determine whether the coordinate positions of the reflectors 13 in the workshop coordinate system have drifted due to factory structure deformation, temperature changes, foundation settlement, or vibration, thereby correcting errors in a timely manner and ensuring the long-term accuracy of the system. In this embodiment, three to four permanent forced centering observation piers can be installed on the workshop floor or at the column bases. These observation piers are constructed of reinforced concrete and deeply embedded in a stable foundation. The concrete grade is preferably not lower than C30. The top is equipped with a stainless steel forced centering base and a protective cover to prevent collisions and contamination. By periodically (e.g., monthly) re-measuring all fixed prisms using higher-precision instruments or a total station, the observed data is compared and analyzed with historical data to update the coordinate database and correct minor changes in the coordinates of reflectors 13. When the re-measuring reveals significant irreversible deformation of the wall or track, the system promptly alarms and arranges mechanical correction, thereby maintaining the long-term operational stability of the entire automated measurement system.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, as a preferred design, the moving vehicle 121 is driven by a high-precision servo motor. This high-precision servo motor can receive digital pulse signals for precise position and speed control, ensuring the smoothness of the moving vehicle 121's movement, the gentleness of its start and stop, and the repeatability of its positioning, thereby ensuring the automatic aiming accuracy of the total station 122. In this embodiment, the moving vehicle 121 can move on the straight track 11 by driving rollers with the high-precision servo motor, and achieves stable straight-line movement through cooperation with the straight guide rail 111. The moving vehicle 121 can move smoothly back and forth along the track, and the built-in position detection component has the ability to record the travel mileage. The position detection component can adopt existing technology of a servo motor combined with a photoelectric encoder feedback system. The photoelectric encoder detects the motor speed and rotation angle in real time, and converts this into the linear displacement of the moving vehicle 121 through the control system, forming a closed-loop position control that keeps the travel positioning error within 5mm. This positioning error provides the total station 122 with approximate positioning, while the precise position of the total station 122 is ultimately determined by resection through aiming at the opposing reflector 13, thus ensuring the efficiency of the moving vehicle 121 in rapid positioning.

[0049] The present invention also provides a measurement method for use in a production workshop, for measuring a measured object in a measured area 3 of the production workshop, using the above-mentioned measurement system, and including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Establish the workshop coordinate system and determine the coordinate positions of all reflectors 13 of the two single-sided measuring devices 1 within the workshop coordinate system. This step is the benchmark establishment stage before measurement. Its purpose is to provide a stable and reliable known benchmark network for the real-time self-positioning of the total station 122 during subsequent actual measurements by accurately calibrating the coordinates of all reflectors 13. When establishing the workshop coordinate system, the main axis of the factory building can be used as the benchmark, or the forced centering observation pier can be used as the starting point. A high-precision total station 122 or higher precision measuring equipment can be used to observe all reflectors 13. The precise coordinates of each reflector 13 are determined through overall adjustment calculations, and a reflector 13 coordinate database is established and recorded in the control device as the data source for subsequent automatic calculations. Furthermore, the coordinate positions of the reflectors 13 in the workshop coordinate system are measured and updated periodically.

[0051] S2. Based on the shape and size of the object being measured, and its position in the measured area 3, at least one movable measuring mechanism 12 of a single-sided measuring device 1 is selected for measurement. The working principle of each movable measuring mechanism 12 is the same, including:

[0052] S21. The mobile measuring mechanism 12 moves to a station position near the object being measured on the straight track 11 via the mobile vehicle 121. It is required that when the mobile vehicle 121 is at the station position, the total station 122 on it can at least aim at the two reflectors 13 of the other single-sided measuring device 1 facing it, so as to ensure that there is no obstruction during orientation. Then, the position of the total station 122 in the workshop coordinate system is determined by the two reflectors 13.

[0053] Specifically, in this step, commands are issued through the central control console of the control device, controlling the automatic movement of the moving carriage 121 of the mobile measuring mechanism 12. The moving carriage 121 drives the total station 122 to a station location near the object being measured on the straight track 11. Since the straight track 11 is higher than all the objects being measured and the ground material, the movement is smooth and does not require frequent station changes on the ground as in traditional surveying. When the moving carriage 121 moves to the approximate location, the automatic target recognition and automatic aiming functions of the total station 122 can be controlled to determine whether two unobstructed reflectors 13 can be found, and priority is given to finding the nearest reflector 13, thereby automatically finding a suitable station location. Upon reaching the station location, the total station 122 uses its automatic target recognition and automatic aiming functions to aim at at least two reflectors 13 of another opposing single-sided measuring device 1. By using the precise position coordinates of the two reflectors 13 in the workshop coordinate system and the resection principle, the precise position coordinates and line of sight of the total station 122 in the workshop coordinate system are calculated in real time. The resection principle is the existing conventional measurement principle of the total station 122. The total station 122 measures the horizontal and vertical angles of at least two reflectors 13 with known coordinates, and calculates the coordinates of the total station 122 by combining the coordinates of the reflectors 13. This process can be completed automatically without manual aiming and can completely eliminate the influence of track mechanical errors and the running errors of the moving vehicle 121 on the station accuracy.

[0054] S22. After determining the position coordinates of the total station 122, the total station 122 is used to measure the object being measured. The specific measurement content of the total station 122 can be set according to actual needs. For example, after the total station 122 turns to the object, it automatically aims and measures pre-embedded stainless steel prism sockets or attached high-reflectivity reflectors, quickly acquiring the spatial dimensions and form-position deviation data of the object. For large caissons or cylinders, stainless steel prism sockets can be pre-embedded in key control areas of the mold, and high-reflectivity reflectors can be attached to pre-formed components. The total station 122 automatically captures these measurement targets, achieving automatic extraction of the component's spatial dimensions and form-position deviations. The total station 122 can not only measure pre-set measuring points on the object, but also scan and measure any visible point in the measured area 3 as needed, acquiring point cloud data or cross-sectional data, further enriching the application range of the measurement results. The entire measurement process can be remotely controlled by professional personnel in the background, requiring no manual intervention on-site, thus achieving efficient, high-precision, and automated measurement operations.

[0055] Step S2 described above involves configuring measurement resources based on the specific circumstances of the object being measured. By analyzing the shape and size of the object and its spatial position within the measurement area 3, a suitable mobile measurement mechanism 12 of the single-sided measurement device 1 is intelligently selected for operation. This effectively avoids situations where measurement is impossible due to obstruction on one side. Furthermore, if there are no obstructions on either side of the object being measured, the mobile measurement mechanisms 12 of both single-sided measurement devices 1 can be activated simultaneously to achieve dual-station collaborative operation.

[0056] S3. When two single-sided measuring devices 1's moving measuring mechanisms 12 are used simultaneously for measurement in step S2, the detection data from the two single-sided measuring devices 1's moving measuring mechanisms 12 are compared and verified. In some measurement work, data from multiple total stations 122 can be combined to verify the correctness of the measurement results and to take the average to reduce random errors and improve the accuracy of point measurement. Furthermore, if the difference exceeds a threshold, an alarm can be set to prompt the surveyor to make a re-measurement decision, thereby promptly detecting problems such as instrument abnormalities, temperature drift, or misjudgment due to obstruction, significantly improving the reliability of measurement results, data quality, and system robustness. The comparison and verification can use statistical analysis methods to calculate the mean error and difference between the two sets of data, and set a threshold according to the engineering accuracy requirements to ensure that the results meet the accuracy requirements of precast components. When the consistency between the two sets of data is good, the system can automatically generate a verification report as a basis for quality control.

[0057] The measurement system and method of the present invention have the following main advantages.

[0058] 1. Solve the problem of obstruction and reduce error accumulation: By adopting a high-level double-track and dual-station collaborative layout, the total station 122 is raised into the air, and two sets of instruments cover both sides of the measured area 3 respectively, which eliminates ground obstruction interference to the greatest extent and eliminates the need for frequent station transfers, greatly improving work efficiency; by using multiple fixed reflectors 13 for self-positioning and resection station setting, the mechanical error of the straight track 11 and the superposition of centering, leveling and orientation errors caused by multiple station transfers are eliminated, effectively ensuring the measurement and layout accuracy of prefabricated components and other measured objects.

[0059] 2. Enhanced safety and compatibility: Surveying personnel and equipment avoid overlapping work areas on the ground, reducing safety hazards associated with overlapping operations with cranes and transport vehicles. At the same time, surveying operations do not interfere with normal factory production, achieving compatibility between surveying and production.

[0060] 3. Reduce the impact of human factors: It can realize remote control mode in the background, avoid surveyors to perform high-intensity repetitive work on site, eliminate the phenomenon of data reading errors, recording errors, and input errors, significantly reduce human error, and at the same time reduce labor intensity.

[0061] 4. Ensuring long-term accuracy: The standardized measuring point design and periodic fine calibration design, through the forced centering observation pier to periodically remeasure and correct the coordinates of reflector 13, realize the automation of measurement and data traceability, and maintain the stability and accuracy of the entire system in long-term operation.

[0062] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0063] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measurement system for use in a production workshop, used to measure a measured object in a measured area (3) of the production workshop, characterized in that: The device includes two single-sided measuring devices (1) respectively set on opposite sides of the measured area (3). Each single-sided measuring device (1) includes a straight track (11), a moving measuring mechanism (12), and a reflector (13). The straight track (11) is fixed and is higher than all the objects to be measured in the measured area (3). The moving measuring mechanism (12) includes a moving vehicle (121) and a total station (122) fixed on the moving vehicle (121). The moving vehicle (121) is installed on the straight track (11) and can move in a straight line along the straight track (11). There are at least two reflectors (13), which are spaced apart along the length of the straight track (11) and fixed to the straight track (11). The reflectors (13) are higher than all the objects to be measured in the measured area (3). The total station (122) of each single-sided measuring device (1) can aim at all the reflectors (13) of the other single-sided measuring device (1).

2. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear tracks (11) of the two single-sided measuring devices (1) are fixed on the walls (2) on opposite sides of the production workshop.

3. The measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The straight track (11) is set horizontally, and the sinking amount is ≤1mm.

4. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of reflectors (13) in the single-sided measuring device (1) is greater than or equal to 5, and all reflectors (13) are arranged at equal intervals.

5. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-sided measuring device (1) also includes a fixed socket (14) fixed to the linear track (11), and the reflector (13) is detachably fixed to the fixed socket (14).

6. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control device, which is communicatively connected to the moving measuring mechanism (12) of both single-sided measuring devices (1), and is able to receive measurement data from the total station (122) and control the actions of the total station (122) and the moving vehicle (121).

7. The measurement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control device and the mobile measuring mechanism (12) communicate wirelessly.

8. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple forced centering observation piers that are fixedly installed in the production workshop.

9. A measurement method for use in a production workshop, used to measure a measured object in a measured area (3) of the production workshop, characterized in that: The measurement is performed using the measurement system described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and includes the following steps: S1. Establish the workshop coordinate system and determine the coordinate positions of all reflectors (13) of the two single-sided measuring devices (1) in the workshop coordinate system; S2. Based on the shape and size of the object being measured, and its position in the measured area (3), at least one single-sided measuring device (1) is selected for the moving measuring mechanism (12) to perform the measurement work, including: S21. The mobile measuring mechanism (12) moves to a station position near the object being measured on a straight track (11) via a mobile vehicle (121). It is required that when the mobile vehicle (121) is at the station position, the total station (122) on it can at least aim at the two reflectors (13) of the other single-sided measuring device (1) facing each other. Then, the position of the total station (122) in the workshop coordinate system is determined by the two reflectors (13). S22. After determining the position coordinates of the total station (122), use the total station (122) to measure the object to be measured.

10. The measurement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the moving measuring mechanism (12) of two single-sided measuring devices (1) is used to perform the measurement simultaneously; it also includes step S3: comparing and verifying the detection data of the moving measuring mechanism (12) of multiple single-sided measuring devices (1).

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