Electromagnetic and infrared testing system and method based on a water curtain
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611072800.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
Smart Images
Figure CN122982307A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of composite field shielding performance testing technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic and infrared testing system and method based on a spray water curtain. Background Technology
[0002] Water spray curtains, as a composite shielding method combining infrared suppression and electromagnetic attenuation, have broad application prospects in engineering fields such as infrared / electromagnetic stealth protection for ships, heat insulation for high-temperature equipment in metallurgy, and electromagnetic shielding in precision workshops. Their mechanism of action lies in the fact that water droplet groups, through absorption and scattering effects, can both weaken the infrared radiation intensity of the target and cause transmission loss to incident electromagnetic waves, thus achieving a "multi-purpose" protective effect. However, current quantitative testing technologies for the shielding performance of water spray curtains lag behind the needs of engineering practice, and existing testing schemes generally suffer from the following shortcomings: (1) Infrared and electromagnetic testing are isolated from each other and lack a synchronous timing acquisition mechanism: The current mainstream testing equipment in the industry has a single function. The infrared shielding effect and electromagnetic transmission loss are usually completed separately by different testing platforms, at different times and under different environmental conditions. A few devices that claim to be "synchronous testing" simply mechanically combine the water supply system, infrared thermal imager, horn antenna and vector network analyzer, and record two sets of independent data before and after the spray starts and stops. In essence, it is still a time-division serial acquisition. This approach cannot reflect the real coexistence of heat source, electromagnetic field and water curtain, and it cannot capture the timing coupling relationship between infrared and electromagnetic response during the dynamic process of spray start-up transition, steady-state fluctuation and shutdown dissipation. The test results are out of touch with the actual engineering application scenario.
[0003] (2) The coupling interference between the thermal field and the electromagnetic field cannot be effectively separated: In real-world applications, the heat source not only alters the infrared radiation characteristics of the target itself, but also indirectly affects the attenuation characteristics along the electromagnetic wave transmission path by heating the water curtain droplets, changing the evaporation rate and droplet size distribution. On the other hand, the operating noise of the electromagnetic testing equipment itself and the dielectric loss heating caused by high-power electromagnetic irradiation also cause significant drift in the infrared temperature measurement baseline. The traditional "spraying before and after comparison method" can only output a mixed difference value containing multiple interferences, and cannot distinguish the independent effects of the thermal field, the independent effects of the electromagnetic field, the inherent shielding effect of the water curtain, and the cross-coupling terms between the three. Such test data mixed with multiple errors lacks interpretability and is difficult to guide the optimization of engineering parameters.
[0004] (3) Spatial misalignment between the infrared imaging area, the electromagnetic beam crossing area, and the effective shielding area of the water curtain: The infrared camera collects the two-dimensional radiation temperature distribution under a specific field of view, the electromagnetic test focuses on the transmission loss on the beam path between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and the effective shielding range of the spray water curtain is dynamically distributed due to factors such as the nozzle angle and water pressure fluctuations. The existing scheme lacks a unified spatial coordinate mapping and calibration method, and the sampling areas of the three are often offset from each other, resulting in inconsistencies between the water curtain areas corresponding to the infrared attenuation and electromagnetic loss. The two types of indicators are not comparable horizontally, and the data reliability is reduced.
[0005] (4) Lack of quantitative indicators for the dynamic stability of the water curtain: In actual sprinkler systems, water pressure pulsation, environmental airflow disturbance, and changes in water supply temperature can all cause continuous fluctuations in the coverage area, thickness, and droplet concentration of the water curtain, which in turn cause real-time fluctuations in the infrared / electromagnetic attenuation value. However, existing testing techniques only output a single attenuation value at a certain stable moment, which cannot describe the stability performance of the water curtain in the time dimension, and also lacks quantitative fluctuation evaluation parameters, making it difficult to support the system reliability design for long-term continuous operation.
[0006] (5) Lack of a comprehensive performance evaluation system that takes into account multiple objectives: At present, when evaluating the shielding effect of water curtains, the industry only focuses on the infrared attenuation decibel value or electromagnetic loss value in isolation, while ignoring the equally important constraints in actual engineering, such as water consumption per unit time, degree of interference from coupled measurements, and water curtain operation stability. Designers have to manually weigh multiple conflicting performance parameters, which is inefficient and makes it difficult to obtain the globally optimal combination of spray parameters. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the problems in existing technologies, such as the disconnect between infrared and electromagnetic testing, the inability to separate thermal and electromagnetic field coupling interference, inconsistent testing space, lack of quantitative indicators for the dynamic stability of water curtains, and lack of a multi-objective comprehensive performance evaluation system, this application provides an electromagnetic and infrared testing system and method based on a spray water curtain.
[0008] The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain includes the following steps: Establish a spatial mapping relationship between the infrared imaging field of view, the electromagnetic beam transmission path, and the effective shielding area of the spray water curtain, so that the axis of the electromagnetic beam passes through the center position of the effective shielding area of the water curtain. Using the heating field state, electromagnetic test state, and spray water curtain state as three binary controllable variables, multiple sets of differential test conditions are generated by combining them. Each set of working conditions is executed sequentially, and infrared radiation data, electromagnetic transmission parameters, spray status parameters and environmental parameters are collected synchronously under each working condition through a unified clock trigger. Based on the differential operation relationship between the data collected under each working condition, the independent attenuation of the water curtain to infrared radiation, the independent attenuation of the water curtain to electromagnetic waves, the additional coupling interference of the thermal field to electromagnetic attenuation, the additional coupling interference of the electromagnetic test state to infrared attenuation, and the dynamic stability evaluation parameters of the water curtain are obtained by decoupling calculation. By iterating through and adjusting the spray parameters, heat source parameters, and electromagnetic parameters, the above steps are repeated to construct a multidimensional coupled response database. Calculate the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index and select the optimal combination of spray parameters.
[0009] Furthermore, the step of establishing the spatial mapping relationship specifically includes: marking the center reference point of the sample carrying platform with a planar calibration plate, registering the infrared image pixel coordinate system with the sample planar coordinate system; adjusting the installation position and angle of the spray nozzle, as well as the spatial orientation of the electromagnetic antenna, so that the axis of the electromagnetic beam passes through the geometric center of the water curtain effective shielding area identified in the infrared image.
[0010] Furthermore, the multiple sets of differential test conditions specifically consist of eight sets of conditions formed by a binary combination of 0 / 1 values for the heating field state H, the electromagnetic test state E, and the spray water curtain state S. These include: an environmental reference condition with all three states off, a heat source reference condition with only the heat source on, an electromagnetic reference condition with only the electromagnetic source on, a water curtain background reference condition with only the water curtain on, a pure infrared attenuation condition with the heat source and water curtain, a pure electromagnetic attenuation condition with the electromagnetic source and water curtain, a composite field blank reference condition with the heat source and electromagnetic source on, and a composite coupling condition with all three states on.
[0011] Furthermore, the synchronously acquired time series covers the entire process of the spray start-up transition phase, the water curtain stabilization and continuous phase, and the spray shut-off and dissipation phase. Based on the acquired time series data, the infrared attenuation response delay and the electromagnetic attenuation response delay are calculated respectively to evaluate the consistency of the water curtain's dynamic response to infrared and electromagnetic signals.
[0012] Furthermore, the additional coupling interference of the thermal field on electromagnetic attenuation is obtained by performing differential combination calculations on the electromagnetic transmission loss collected under the composite field blank reference condition, composite coupling condition, electromagnetic reference condition, and pure electromagnetic attenuation condition.
[0013] Furthermore, the water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters are obtained by calculating the standard deviation after multi-parameter normalization of the water curtain coverage, center offset, and attenuation fluctuation of continuously time-series collected data.
[0014] Furthermore, the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index is obtained by weighted summation of normalized infrared attenuation, normalized electromagnetic attenuation, water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters, normalized water consumption, and coupling interference, wherein each weighting coefficient is preset according to the engineering application scenario.
[0015] This application also provides an electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain, used to perform the above-mentioned electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain. The system includes: The water supply and sprinkler module is used to form a controllable sprinkler water curtain and collect water pressure, flow rate and water temperature data in real time. The thermal field simulation module is used to provide infrared radiation targets with controllable temperature; The infrared detection module is used to acquire infrared radiation image sequences of the target and the area covered by the water curtain; The electromagnetic detection module, including a vector network analyzer and a transceiver antenna, is used to measure electromagnetic transmission loss at different frequencies and incident angles. The synchronous acquisition module is used to provide a unified clock trigger signal to the infrared detection module and the electromagnetic detection module and to bind the same timestamp to all acquired data; The data processing module has a built-in operating condition scheduling program, differential coupling solution program, and comprehensive evaluation program, which are used to automatically complete multi-operating condition cyclic testing, coupling interference calculation, and optimal parameter output.
[0016] Furthermore, the electromagnetic detection module also includes a semi-circular angle adjustment slide rail and an antenna radial pointing mechanism. The transceiver antenna is slidably mounted on the semi-circular angle adjustment slide rail. The antenna radial pointing mechanism is used to keep the axis of the transceiver antenna always pointing to the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain during the sliding process of the transceiver antenna, so as to realize the continuous adjustment of the incident angle of electromagnetic waves without deviating from the shielding area of the water curtain.
[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Traditional testing methods calculate attenuation only by the difference between single spray cycles before and after spraying, resulting in a mixture of factors such as heat source evaporation interference, electromagnetic equipment noise drift, and environmental fluctuations. This application uses a systematic combination of H / E / S three variables to generate eight differential operating conditions. Through cross-differential operations, it can separately isolate the independent attenuation of infrared and electromagnetic effects caused by the water curtain, the additional electromagnetic coupling term caused by the heat source, and the additional infrared coupling term caused by the electromagnetic equipment. This clearly defines the boundaries of various physical effects, and the test data has clear physical interpretability.
[0018] 2. This application establishes a registration relationship between the infrared pixel coordinate system and the sample plane coordinate system using a calibration plate. The antenna is mounted on a semi-circular slide rail and uses a radial pointing mechanism. This ensures that when the antenna slides along the rail to change the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave, the antenna axis always points to the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain. This guarantees that the beam path passes through the same spatial area without deviation, ensuring the comparability and consistency of electromagnetic attenuation data from multiple angles. The synchronous acquisition module binds the same timestamp to all detection data using a unified clock trigger. Simultaneous alignment in both spatial and temporal dimensions ensures a strict temporal correlation between the infrared attenuation curve and the electromagnetic attenuation curve, significantly reducing measurement deviations caused by spatial misalignment and data asynchrony.
[0019] 3. Existing technologies only focus on steady-state, single-point instantaneous data, which cannot characterize the impact of water curtain fluctuations on the actual shielding effect. This application performs continuous time-series data acquisition throughout the entire process of sprinkler startup, stabilization, and dissipation, and calculates the dynamic stability coefficient of the water curtain by comprehensively considering parameters such as normalized water pressure fluctuations, coverage area changes, and attenuation fluctuations. This quantitatively reflects the degree of fluctuation of the water curtain throughout the entire operation process, providing a quantitative basis for the long-term operating condition assessment of the sprinkler system.
[0020] 4. Traditional evaluation methods only output isolated infrared or electromagnetic attenuation values, neglecting engineering constraints such as water consumption, stability, and coupling interference. The comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index constructed in this application incorporates five dimensions into a unified framework. By allowing for customizable weighting coefficients to adapt to different application scenarios, the system automatically selects the optimal spraying parameters and outputs a test report, transforming the multi-objective trade-off process into numerical optimization and improving parameter selection efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a multi-condition differential decoupling diagram in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.
[0023] This application discloses an electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain includes a water supply and spray module, a thermal field simulation module, an infrared detection module, an electromagnetic detection module, a synchronous acquisition module, and a data processing module.
[0024] The water supply and sprinkler module includes a water tank, a variable frequency booster pump, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter, a pressure sensor, an adjustable angle sprinkler array, and a water temperature sensor. The inlet of the variable frequency booster pump is connected to the water tank to draw and pressurize water. The outlet of the booster pump is connected in sequence to the flow regulating valve and the flow meter before connecting to the sprinkler module. The flow regulating valve adjusts the water flow rate, the flow meter monitors the flow rate, the pressure sensor monitors the pipeline water pressure, and the water temperature sensor collects the outlet water temperature. Through the coordinated adjustment of the variable frequency booster pump, the flow regulating valve, and the adjustable angle sprinkler array, a continuously controllable sprinkler water curtain can be generated.
[0025] In actual testing, a variable frequency booster pump is started to draw water from the tank and pressurize it. The flow control valve is opened according to preset spray parameters, and the water flow rate is monitored in real time by a flow meter to ensure the flow rate reaches the required test parameters. A pressure sensor simultaneously monitors the pipeline water pressure. After passing through the flow control valve, the water is sprayed out through an adjustable-angle nozzle array, forming a continuous water curtain covering the sample area. During the multi-parameter scanning phase, the spray water pressure is changed by adjusting the output pressure of the variable frequency booster pump, the spray flow rate is changed by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve, and the pitch angle of the nozzles are adjusted, thus enabling testing under different combinations of water pressure, flow rate, and spray angle parameters.
[0026] The thermal simulation module includes a heater, a temperature-controlled heating plate, multi-point temperature sensors, and a sample support platform. The heater is connected to the temperature-controlled heating plate and provides heat to raise its temperature to a preset value. The sample support platform is used to place the sample to be tested, and the temperature-controlled heating plate conducts heat to the sample to simulate an object with infrared radiation (such as high-temperature equipment). Multi-point temperature sensors are arranged at different locations on the surface of the temperature-controlled heating plate and the sample to monitor the uniformity of temperature distribution in real time.
[0027] In actual testing, the heater is activated, which heats the temperature-controlled heating plate, causing the temperature-controlled heating plate to gradually rise and conduct the temperature to the sample on the sample support platform until the multi-point temperature sensor reports that the sample has reached the preset temperature value. At this point, the sample serves as a simulated test object with infrared radiation, providing stable thermal field boundary conditions for subsequent differential operating conditions.
[0028] The infrared detection module includes an infrared imaging camera, a planar calibration plate, and an image acquisition unit. The infrared imaging camera is mounted in front of the sample-bearing platform and is used to acquire infrared radiation image sequences of the target and the area covered by the water curtain; the planar calibration plate is used to assist in establishing spatial coordinate mapping relationships; and the image acquisition unit is used to receive image data from the infrared camera and perform digital conversion.
[0029] The electromagnetic detection module includes a vector network analyzer, a pair of transmitting / receiving horn antennas, a semi-circular angle adjustment rail, and an antenna radial pointing mechanism. The vector network analyzer outputs full-band S-parameters and measures electromagnetic transmission loss. The horn antennas are slidably mounted on the semi-circular rails, allowing adjustment of the electromagnetic wave incident angle. The antenna radial pointing mechanism ensures the antenna axis always points towards the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain as the antenna slides along the rails. The transmitting and receiving ends of the horn antennas are located on opposite sides of the spray water curtain. After the electromagnetic beam passes through the water curtain area, it is received by the receiving antenna. The vector network analyzer calculates the transmission loss based on the difference between the transmitted and received signals.
[0030] The synchronous acquisition module includes a unified clock synchronization unit and a multi-channel trigger acquisition card. The unified clock synchronization unit provides a unified clock reference to the infrared detection module, electromagnetic detection module, sprinkler status sensor, and environmental sensor; the multi-channel trigger acquisition card is used for the synchronous triggering of each acquisition channel and binds a unified timestamp to all acquired data.
[0031] The data processing module incorporates an industrial control computer and a working condition matrix control program, a differential decoupling algorithm program, and a comprehensive evaluation calculation program. The working condition matrix control program automatically schedules the state switching of each module according to a preset working condition sequence, completing cyclic testing of multiple working conditions. The differential decoupling algorithm program decouples and calculates various independent attenuation terms and coupled additional terms based on the differential operation relationship of the data collected from each working condition. The comprehensive evaluation calculation program constructs a comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index and automatically selects the optimal spray parameter combination.
[0032] Based on the infrared-electromagnetic coupling response test method of the spray water curtain of the above system, refer to... Figure 2 The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step S1: Spatial Common Area Calibration Establish a spatial mapping relationship between the infrared imaging field of view, the electromagnetic beam transmission path, and the effective shielding area of the spray water curtain, so that the axis of the electromagnetic beam passes through the center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain.
[0033] Specifically, a planar calibration plate is used to mark the center reference point of the sample-bearing platform. An infrared imaging camera acquires images of the calibration plate, and image processing identifies the marked points on the calibration plate. The pixel coordinate system of the infrared image is then registered with the Cartesian coordinate system of the sample plane. The installation position and pitch angle of the spray nozzles are adjusted so that the effective shielding area of the spray water curtain covers the central area of the sample-bearing platform. The semi-circular slide rail and antenna installation position are adjusted so that the beam axis of the horn antenna points to the center of the sample-bearing platform. The infrared imaging camera acquires water curtain images in real time and identifies the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain. The nozzle position and the angle of the semi-circular slide rail of the electromagnetic antenna are adjusted until the electromagnetic beam axis coincides with the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain identified by infrared imaging, completing the spatial common area calibration.
[0034] Step S2: Construct the H / E / S three-variable eight-condition differential test matrix Using the heating field state H, electromagnetic test state E, and spray water curtain state S as three binary controllable variables, eight sets of differential test conditions are generated. A value of "0" indicates an off state, and a value of "1" indicates an on state. These are combined sequentially to generate the eight sets of conditions shown in Table 1. Table 1 Definition of Eight Working Conditions
[0035] The operating condition matrix control program of the data processing module schedules each module to perform tests in sequence according to the above eight sets of operating conditions.
[0036] Step S3: Spatiotemporal synchronization data acquisition under various operating conditions Within each working condition, the synchronous triggering of all detection devices is achieved through a unified clock synchronization unit and a multi-channel trigger acquisition card, and all data collected by each module is bound to the same timestamp by the data processing module.
[0037] The data collected synchronously under various operating conditions includes four categories: (1) Infrared data: The infrared imaging camera acquires infrared image sequences, and the data processing module extracts the average radiation temperature, water curtain coverage, and water curtain center drift of the ROI (region of interest) from the images. (2) Electromagnetic data: The vector network analyzer collects the transmission parameters of S21, records the electromagnetic loss of the entire frequency band, and changes the position of the horn antenna on the semi-circular slide rail to collect the electromagnetic attenuation curves under different incident angles. (3) Spraying status data: pressure sensor collects spraying water pressure, flow meter collects real-time flow, and water temperature sensor collects outlet water temperature; (4) Environmental data: The ambient temperature sensor and the ambient humidity sensor collect ambient temperature and ambient humidity respectively.
[0038] The synchronously acquired time series covers the entire process of the spray system's start-up transition phase, the water curtain's stable operation phase, and the spray system's shutdown and dissipation phase. The data processing module calculates the infrared attenuation response delay and the electromagnetic attenuation response delay based on the time series data. Specifically, taking the spray system's start-up moment as the zero point, the time required for the infrared attenuation to reach 90% of its steady-state value is calculated as the infrared attenuation response delay, and the time required for the electromagnetic attenuation to reach 90% of its steady-state value is calculated as the electromagnetic attenuation response delay. The consistency of the water curtain's dynamic response to both infrared and electromagnetic signals is evaluated by comparing the two.
[0039] In actual testing, the samples were simultaneously detected using an infrared imaging camera and a vector network analyzer under various differential operating conditions. Due to the adoption of an eight-condition differential matrix design, instead of the traditional single-comparison method of "testing once before spraying and once after spraying," all detection devices were triggered by a synchronous acquisition module to synchronously acquire data under each differential operating condition (including the water curtain being closed and open), recording the infrared radiation intensity and electromagnetic transmission loss of the samples under each condition.
[0040] Step S4: Differential decoupling calculation based on multi-condition differential relationship The differential decoupling algorithm program in the data processing module performs differential operations based on the differential relationship between the data collected from each set of operating conditions, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the independent attenuation and additional coupling interference are calculated separately by decoupling.
[0041] Define R(H,E,S,t) as the equivalent radiation intensity of the infrared ROI under operating condition (H,E,S); T EM (H,E,S,f,t) represents the electromagnetic transmission loss under operating conditions (H,E,S) and frequency f; t represents time.
[0042] Water curtain individual infrared attenuation To characterize the inherent shielding effect of the water curtain on the infrared radiation of the target in the absence of electromagnetic interference, it is obtained by differential combination calculation of the infrared radiation intensity collected under the heat source reference condition (1,0,0) and the pure infrared attenuation condition (1,0,1):
[0043] Water curtain individual electromagnetic attenuation To characterize the inherent attenuation capability of the water curtain for electromagnetic signals without heat source interference, it is obtained by differentially combining the electromagnetic transmission loss collected under the electromagnetic reference condition (0,1,0) and the pure electromagnetic attenuation condition (0,1,1):
[0044] Additional coupling interference of thermal field on electromagnetic attenuation To characterize the additional error caused by the heat source altering the distribution of water droplets in the water curtain on the electromagnetic attenuation results, the following method was used: differential combination calculation was performed on the electromagnetic transmission loss collected under the composite field blank reference condition (1,1,0), composite coupling condition (1,1,1), electromagnetic reference condition (0,1,0), and pure electromagnetic attenuation condition (0,1,1).
[0045] Additional coupling interference of electromagnetic test conditions on infrared attenuation To characterize the additional deviations in infrared thermometry results caused by electromagnetic interference or electromagnetic irradiation, the infrared radiation intensity collected under the composite field blank reference condition (1,1,0), composite coupling condition (1,1,1), heat source reference condition (1,0,0), and pure infrared attenuation condition (1,0,1) is obtained by differential combination calculation:
[0046] Water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters To quantitatively characterize the fluctuation of the water curtain during continuous operation, the standard deviation of multiple parameters is calculated after normalizing the water curtain coverage, center offset, and attenuation fluctuation of continuously acquired data.
[0047] Where σ is the multi-parameter normalized standard deviation; The closer the value is to 1, the better the dynamic stability of the water curtain.
[0048] The differential decoupling algorithm program of the data processing module calls all the data of eight differential operating conditions, and decouples and calculates each independent attenuation amount and additional coupling interference amount according to the above differential combination operation relationship. By calling the operating condition data of each group involving the cross combination of heat source, electromagnetic, and water curtain, the coupling factors such as the influence of heat source on water curtain evaporation and the interference of electromagnetic equipment on infrared temperature measurement are stripped away one by one. Finally, it outputs each independent performance index with pure physical meaning, which comprehensively and accurately reflects the true shielding performance of water curtain in composite field environment.
[0049] The independent attenuation and additional coupling interference calculated in this embodiment are shown in the table below: Table 2 Comparison of core indicators at different flow rates
[0050] Step S5: Construct a multidimensional coupled response map using multi-parameter scanning. The spraying parameters (including water pressure, flow rate, and nozzle pitch angle) and the electromagnetic parameters of the heat source (including heat source temperature, electromagnetic frequency, and electromagnetic incident angle) are traversed and adjusted. Steps S2 to S4 are repeated, and the test data of each group are stored in the database to generate a multidimensional infrared-electromagnetic coupling response visualization spectrum. The spectrum format includes, but is not limited to, curves showing infrared attenuation as a function of water pressure, electromagnetic attenuation as a function of frequency, curves showing the thermo-electromagnetic coupling term as a function of temperature, and contour maps showing the overall performance as a function of incident angle.
[0051] Step S6: Quantitative evaluation of comprehensive shielding performance and selection of optimal parameters The comprehensive evaluation calculation program of the data processing module calculates the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index by weighted summation of normalized infrared attenuation, normalized electromagnetic attenuation, water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters, normalized water consumption, and coupling interference. :
[0052] in, This is the normalized infrared attenuation, with a normalized reference value of 20℃; This is the normalized electromagnetic attenuation, with a normalized reference value of 5dB. Water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters; The normalized water consumption is based on a normalized baseline value of 2.0 m / s. The coupling interference is obtained by normalizing the additional coupling interference of the thermal field on electromagnetic attenuation and the additional coupling interference of the electromagnetic test state on infrared attenuation, and then adding them together.
[0053] The weighting coefficients are preset by the user based on the engineering application scenario. For example, in ship stealth scenarios, the weights of infrared attenuation and electromagnetic attenuation can be emphasized, while in industrial scenarios with high water conservation and environmental protection requirements, the weight of water consumption can be increased. In this embodiment, the infrared attenuation weight... The electromagnetic attenuation weight is 0.40. The dynamic stability weight is 0.35. The weighting is 0.15 for water consumption. The coupling interference weight is 0.10. It is 1.00.
[0054] The individual items and values calculated in this embodiment are shown in the table below: Table 3. Calculated values of the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation indexes for each sub-item.
[0055] The results above indicate that although high flow rates provide stronger infrared and electromagnetic shielding, the amplification of thermal-electromagnetic cross-coupling interference weakens the overall evaluation score.
[0056] The comprehensive evaluation calculation program iterates through all tested spray parameter combinations, sorts them according to the numerical value of the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index, selects the spray parameter combination with the best comprehensive shielding performance, and outputs a test report. The test report includes: independent infrared attenuation curves, independent electromagnetic attenuation curves, thermo-electromagnetic coupling additional term variation curves, water curtain stability curves, comprehensive performance index cloud map, and the optimal spray parameter combination.
[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Establish a spatial mapping relationship between the infrared imaging field of view, the electromagnetic beam transmission path, and the effective shielding area of the spray water curtain, so that the axis of the electromagnetic beam passes through the center position of the effective shielding area of the water curtain. Using the heating field state, electromagnetic test state, and spray water curtain state as three binary controllable variables, multiple sets of differential test conditions are generated by combining them. Each set of working conditions is executed sequentially, and infrared radiation data, electromagnetic transmission parameters, spray status parameters and environmental parameters are collected synchronously under each working condition through a unified clock trigger. Based on the differential operation relationship between the data collected under each working condition, the independent attenuation of the water curtain to infrared radiation, the independent attenuation of the water curtain to electromagnetic waves, the additional coupling interference of the thermal field to electromagnetic attenuation, the additional coupling interference of the electromagnetic test state to infrared attenuation, and the dynamic stability evaluation parameters of the water curtain are obtained by decoupling calculation. By iterating through and adjusting the spray parameters, heat source parameters, and electromagnetic parameters, the above steps are repeated to construct a multidimensional coupled response database. Calculate the comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index and select the optimal combination of spray parameters.
2. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for establishing the spatial mapping relationship specifically include: marking the center reference point of the sample carrying platform with a planar calibration plate, registering the infrared image pixel coordinate system with the sample planar coordinate system; adjusting the installation position and angle of the spray nozzles and the spatial orientation of the electromagnetic antenna so that the axis of the electromagnetic beam passes through the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain identified in the infrared image.
3. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple differential test conditions are specifically eight conditions formed by a 0 / 1 binary combination of heating field state H, electromagnetic test state E, and spray water curtain state S. These include: environmental reference condition with all three conditions off, heat source reference condition with only one heat source on, electromagnetic reference condition with only one electromagnetic source on, water curtain background reference condition with only one water curtain on, pure infrared attenuation condition with heat source and water curtain, pure electromagnetic attenuation condition with electromagnetic source and water curtain, composite field blank reference condition with heat source and electromagnetic source on, and composite coupling condition with all three conditions on.
4. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronously acquired time series covers the entire process of the spray start-up transition phase, the water curtain stabilization and continuous phase, and the spray shut-off and dissipation phase. Based on the acquired time series data, the infrared attenuation response delay and the electromagnetic attenuation response delay are calculated respectively to evaluate the consistency of the water curtain's dynamic response to infrared and electromagnetic signals.
5. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional coupling interference of the thermal field on electromagnetic attenuation is obtained by performing differential combination calculations on the electromagnetic transmission loss collected under the composite field blank reference condition, composite coupling condition, electromagnetic reference condition, and pure electromagnetic attenuation condition.
6. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional coupling interference of the electromagnetic test state on infrared attenuation is obtained by differential combination calculation of the infrared radiation intensity collected under composite field blank reference condition, composite coupling condition, heat source reference condition and pure infrared attenuation condition.
7. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic stability evaluation parameters of the water curtain are obtained by calculating the standard deviation after multi-parameter normalization of the water curtain coverage, center offset, and attenuation fluctuation of continuously time-series collected data.
8. The electromagnetic and infrared testing method based on a spray water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive shielding performance evaluation index is obtained by weighted summation of normalized infrared attenuation, normalized electromagnetic attenuation, water curtain dynamic stability evaluation parameters, normalized water consumption, and coupling interference, wherein each weighting coefficient is preset according to the engineering application scenario.
9. An electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain, characterized in that: The system is used to perform the test method according to any one of claims 1-8, the system comprising: The water supply and sprinkler module is used to form a controllable sprinkler water curtain and collect water pressure, flow rate and water temperature data in real time. The thermal field simulation module is used to provide infrared radiation targets with controllable temperature; The infrared detection module is used to acquire infrared radiation image sequences of the target and the area covered by the water curtain; The electromagnetic detection module, including a vector network analyzer and a transceiver antenna, is used to measure electromagnetic transmission loss at different frequencies and incident angles. The synchronous acquisition module is used to provide a unified clock trigger signal to the infrared detection module and the electromagnetic detection module and to bind the same timestamp to all acquired data; The data processing module has a built-in operating condition scheduling program, differential coupling solution program, and comprehensive evaluation program, which are used to automatically complete multi-operating condition cyclic testing, coupling interference calculation, and optimal parameter output.
10. The electromagnetic and infrared testing system based on a spray water curtain according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electromagnetic detection module also includes a semi-circular angle adjustment slide rail and an antenna radial pointing mechanism. The transceiver antenna is slidably mounted on the semi-circular angle adjustment slide rail. The antenna radial pointing mechanism is used to keep the axis of the transceiver antenna always pointing to the geometric center of the effective shielding area of the water curtain during the sliding process of the transceiver antenna, so as to realize the continuous adjustment of the incident angle of electromagnetic waves without deviating from the shielding area of the water curtain.