Data acquisition and processing system and method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of analytical instruments, and particularly relates to a data acquisition and processing system and method of a hydrogen mass spectrometer. The system comprises an acquisition module, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a micro processing unit and an upper computer. The acquisition module comprises nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors, and the signal conditioning circuit comprises a multiplexer, an amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a zero adjustment circuit. The current signals and the energy spectrum signals collected by the acquisition module are input into the micro processing unit after multiplexing, amplification, filtering, zero adjustment and analog-to-digital conversion, and the energy spectrum diagram is displayed by the upper computer, the ion species are distinguished and the component ratio is calculated. The application can realize the centralized acquisition and processing of the current signals of the multiple Faraday cups and the energy spectrum signals of the two semiconductor detectors, and improve the accuracy and stability of the synchronous measurement of hydrogen isotopes and impurity elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of analytical instruments, and specifically to a data acquisition and processing system and method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] Accurate measurement of hydrogen isotopes and their related impurities is crucial for hydrogen isotope analysis, isotope abundance evaluation, and sample impurity control. Conventional hydrogen isotope analysis typically requires quantification of hydrogen isotopes such as H, D, and T in a sample, while also monitoring the content of impurity elements such as C, N, and O. Because hydrogen isotopes and their molecular ions, as well as isotopic ions, may exhibit similar mass numbers, signal overlap, or interference during mass spectrometry analysis, relying solely on a single detection channel or simple current acquisition method can easily compromise the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0003] To simultaneously measure the abundance of H, D, and T isotopes, as well as the content of impurities such as C, N, and O in hydrogen isotope samples, a mass spectrometer typically requires components including an inlet system, ion source, accelerating tube, magnetic analyzer, detector system, vacuum system, control system, and data acquisition and processing system. Among these, the data acquisition and processing system, as a crucial link connecting the detection components and the result analysis software, needs to synchronously or quasi-synchronously acquire, condition, convert, and process the signals output from multiple detection channels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a data acquisition and processing system and method for a hydrogen isotope mass spectrometer, which enables accurate measurement of the current signals output from the nine Faraday cups and the energy spectrum signals output from the two semiconductor detectors of the hydrogen isotope mass spectrometer.

[0005] Technical solution to achieve the purpose of this application: This application provides a data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer, including an acquisition module, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a microprocessor unit, and a host computer, wherein the host computer is equipped with host computer software; The acquisition module consists of multiple Faraday cups and multiple semiconductor detectors, and the output terminals of the multiple Faraday cups and multiple semiconductor detectors are connected to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit includes a multiplexer, an amplifier, a filter, and a zero-adjustment circuit. The input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors. The output terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter via the amplifier, the filter, and the zero-adjustment circuit in sequence. The output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the microprocessor unit and is used to convert the analog signal processed by the amplification circuit, the filtering circuit and the zero-adjustment circuit into a digital signal and output it to the microprocessor unit. The microprocessor unit is connected to the multiplexer, the analog-to-digital converter and the host computer respectively, and is used to control the channel selection of the multiplexer and the data conversion of the analog-to-digital converter, and communicate with the host computer via USB; The host computer software is used to display the energy spectrum and distinguish the types of ions based on the count of different energy peaks in the energy spectrum.

[0006] Optionally, the plurality of Faraday cups and the plurality of semiconductor detectors specifically comprise nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors; the nine Faraday cups include a first Faraday cup, a second Faraday cup, a third Faraday cup, a fourth Faraday cup, a fifth Faraday cup, a sixth Faraday cup, a seventh Faraday cup, an eighth Faraday cup, and a ninth Faraday cup; the two semiconductor detectors include a first semiconductor detector located behind the second Faraday cup and a second semiconductor detector located behind the third Faraday cup.

[0007] Optionally, the first semiconductor detector is located behind the second Faraday cup to acquire the S2 energy spectrum; the second semiconductor detector is located behind the third Faraday cup to acquire the S3 energy spectrum.

[0008] Optionally, the first semiconductor detector and the second semiconductor detector are used to acquire voltage signals and measure the energy spectrum of various ions; the first to ninth Faraday cups are used to acquire current signals.

[0009] Optionally, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth Faraday cups respectively measure H, D / H2, and T / 3 He / DH, D2 / TH, TD, T2 12 C 14 N and 16 The O-beam cluster has nine beams, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9. S2 and S3 represent the energy spectra of the semiconductor detectors behind the second and third Faraday cups, respectively. The R-value on the S2 energy spectrum... H and R D The count rates of H and D, respectively, are shown in the S3 energy spectrum. and R T They are respectively 3 Count rates of He and T ions.

[0010] A method for data acquisition and processing of a hydrogen mass spectrometer includes the following steps: Step 1: The host computer acquires and displays the values ​​of the nine beams I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9; Step 2: The host computer acquires the energy spectrum S2 from the first semiconductor detector and the energy spectrum S3 from the second semiconductor detector, respectively; S2 gives the atomic ratio of H and D ions, H / D. S3 gives the energy spectrum of T, 3 The ratio of the number of He atoms to the number of D atoms, 3 He / T and D / T.

[0011] Step 3: Calculate the required atomic number ratio based on the obtained beam currents I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, I9 and energy spectra S2, S3: 3 He / T, H / T, D / T, 12 C / T, 14 N / T, 16 O / T.

[0012] Optionally, the 3 He / T is given directly from the energy spectrum S3 of the second semiconductor detector behind the third Faraday cup; 3 He / T= / R T , and R T These are the S3 energy spectrum 3 Count rates of He and T ions.

[0013] Optionally, H / T=I1 / I 3,T The results were calculated from the beams of the first and third Faraday cups. H / T=I1 / I 3,T Where I1 is the beam current of H measured by the first Faraday cup, I 3,T =I3- -I 3,DH I 3,T The beam current I3 measured by the third Faraday cup minus the current directly measured by the third Faraday cup 3 He and DH beams and I 3,DH get.

[0014] Optional, D / T=I 2,D / I 3,T , is the calculated ratio of the beam currents of the second and third Faraday cups; I 2,D =I2-I 2,H I 2,DSubtract the H-beam I directly measured from the second Faraday cup beam I2. 2,H get.

[0015] Optional, 12 C / T=I7 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculations for the seventh and third Faraday cups.

[0016] Optional, 14 N / T=I8 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculations for the eighth and third Faraday cups.

[0017] Optional, 16 O / T=I9 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculations for the ninth and third Faraday cups.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: This application utilizes nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors as acquisition modules, sequentially connected to a multiplexer, amplifier circuit, filter circuit, zero-adjustment circuit, analog-to-digital converter, microprocessor unit, and host computer. This enables centralized acquisition, signal conditioning, digital conversion, and analysis of current signals output from multiple Faraday cups and energy spectrum signals output from semiconductor detectors. This reduces the impact of weak original analog signals, noise interference, and zero-point drift on measurement results, improving the accuracy and stability of signal acquisition and processing. Furthermore, the host computer software displays the energy spectrum and distinguishes ion types based on the count of different energy peaks, thus achieving synchronous acquisition and analysis of hydrogen isotope and impurity element data, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent calculations of various ratios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer. Wherein: 1-Multiplexer; 2-Amplifier circuit; 3-Filter circuit; 4-Zeroing circuit; 5-Analog-to-digital converter; 6-Microprocessor unit; 7-Host computer; 8-First semiconductor detector; 9-Second semiconductor detector; 10-First Faraday cup; 11-Second Faraday cup; 12-Third Faraday cup; 13-Fourth Faraday cup; 14-Fifth Faraday cup; 15-Sixth Faraday cup; 16-Seventh Faraday cup; 17-Eighth Faraday cup; 18-Ninth Faraday cup. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer, including an acquisition module, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter 5, a microprocessor unit 6, and a host computer 7, wherein the host computer 7 is equipped with host computer software. The acquisition module consists of nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors. The nine Faraday cups are designated as the first Faraday cup 10, the second Faraday cup 11, the third Faraday cup 12, the fourth Faraday cup 13, the fifth Faraday cup 14, the sixth Faraday cup 15, the seventh Faraday cup 16, the eighth Faraday cup 17, and the ninth Faraday cup 18. The two semiconductor detectors are designated as the first semiconductor detector 8 located behind the second Faraday cup 11 and the second semiconductor detector 9 located behind the third Faraday cup 12. The first semiconductor detector 8 is used to acquire the S2 energy spectrum, and the second semiconductor detector 9 is used to acquire the S3 energy spectrum.

[0022] The signal conditioning circuit includes a multiplexer 1, an amplifier circuit 2, a filter circuit 3, and a zero-adjustment circuit 4. The output of the acquisition module is connected to the input of the multiplexer 1. The output of the multiplexer 1 is sequentially connected to the amplifier circuit 2, the filter circuit 3, and the zero-adjustment circuit 4. The output of the zero-adjustment circuit 4 is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 5. The multiplexer 1 is used to sequentially select different acquisition channels according to the control signal of the microprocessor unit 6, sending the analog signals from nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors into the subsequent circuit. The amplifier circuit 2 is used to amplify the weak analog signals acquired; the filter circuit 3 is used to filter out noise and unwanted frequency components in the signal; the zero-adjustment circuit 4 is used to correct the zero-point offset generated by the amplifier circuit to improve the signal processing accuracy. The analog signal after the above signal conditioning is input to the analog-to-digital converter 5, converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 5, and then output to the microprocessor unit 6.

[0023] The microprocessor unit 6 is connected to the multiplexer 1, the analog-to-digital converter 5, and the host computer 7, respectively. It controls the channel selection of the multiplexer 1 and the data conversion of the analog-to-digital converter 5, and communicates with the host computer 7 via USB. The host computer software configured on the host computer 7 receives data transmitted by the microprocessor unit 6, displays the energy spectrum acquired by the first semiconductor detector 8 and the second semiconductor detector 9, and distinguishes ion types based on the count of different energy peaks in the energy spectrum.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first Faraday cup 10, the second Faraday cup 11, the third Faraday cup 12, the fourth Faraday cup 13, the fifth Faraday cup 14, the sixth Faraday cup 15, the seventh Faraday cup 16, the eighth Faraday cup 17, and the ninth Faraday cup 18 respectively measure H, D / H2, and T / 3 He / DH, D2 / TH, TD, T2 12 C 14 N and 16 The nine beam clusters are denoted as I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9. The first semiconductor detector 8 is positioned behind the second Faraday cup 11, and its energy spectrum is denoted as S2. The R value on the S2 energy spectrum... H and R D The count rates for H and D are respectively; the second semiconductor detector 9 is positioned behind the third Faraday cup 12, and its energy spectrum is denoted as S3. The S3 energy spectrum... and R T They are respectively 3 The count rates of He and T ions. By combining the Faraday cup current signal with the energy spectrum signal of the semiconductor detector, simultaneous measurement and analysis of hydrogen isotopes and impurity elements can be achieved.

[0025] During the specific acquisition and processing, nine beams I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9 are first acquired from the first Faraday cup 10 to the ninth Faraday cup 18, and the beam values ​​of each beam are displayed on the host computer 7. Simultaneously, the energy spectrum S2 on the first semiconductor detector 8 and the energy spectrum S3 on the second semiconductor detector 9 are acquired. The S2 energy spectrum is used to provide the atomic ratio of H and D ions (H / D), and the S3 energy spectrum is used to provide the atomic ratio of T and D ions. 3 The ratio of the number of He atoms to the number of D atoms, and 3 He / T and D / T. Subsequently, the host computer software calculates the required atomic number ratio based on the acquired beam signal and energy spectrum count information, including... 3 He / T, H / T, D / T, 12 C / T, 14 N / T and 16 O / T.

[0026] in, 3 He / T can be directly obtained from the S3 energy spectrum collected by the second semiconductor detector 9, and the calculation formula is: 3 He / T= / R T ,in and R T The energy spectrum of S3 is as follows 3The count rates of He and T ions. H / T can be calculated from the beams of the first Faraday cup 10 and the third Faraday cup 12, using the formula: H / T = I1 / I 3,T Where I1 is the H beam current measured by the first Faraday cup 10, I 3,T This is the beam current corresponding to T ions in the third Faraday cup 12 beam. Preferably, I 3,T =I3- -I 3,DH I3 is the beam measured by the third Faraday cup 12. and I 3,DH The 12th Faraday Cup is the third Faraday Cup. 3 He and DH beams.

[0027] D / T can be calculated from the beams of the second Faraday cup 11 and the third Faraday cup 12, using the formula: D / T=I 2,D / I 3,T , where I 2,D This is the beam current corresponding to D ions in the second Faraday cup 11 beam. Preferably, I 2,D =I2-I 2,H Where I2 is the beam measured by the second Faraday cup 11, I 2,H This is the beam corresponding to H in the second Faraday cup 11. 12 C / T, 14 N / T and 16 O / T was calculated from the beams of the seventh Faraday cup 16, the eighth Faraday cup 17, the ninth Faraday cup 18, and the third Faraday cup 12, respectively, and the calculation formulas are as follows: 12 C / T=I7 / I 3,T , 14 N / T=I8 / I 3,T , 16 O / T=I9 / I 3,T Through the above processing, the current signal collected by the Faraday cup and the energy spectrum signal collected by the semiconductor detector can be combined and converted into the ratio results of each component.

[0028] In this embodiment, the current signals output from each Faraday cup and the voltage signals output from the two semiconductor detectors can be first input into multiplexer 1. The microprocessor unit 6 controls multiplexer 1 to sequentially select each acquisition channel. The selected analog signals are processed sequentially by amplifier circuit 2, filter circuit 3, and zero-adjustment circuit 4 before being input into analog-to-digital converter 5. Analog-to-digital converter 5 converts the analog signals into digital signals and transmits them to microprocessor unit 6. Microprocessor unit 6 then sends the data to host computer 7. Therefore, this embodiment can simultaneously meet the requirements for data acquisition, signal conditioning, digital conversion, energy spectrum display, and ratio calculation of nine Faraday cup current signals and two semiconductor detector energy spectrum signals. This facilitates the synchronous and accurate measurement of hydrogen isotopes H, D, and T, as well as impurity elements C, N, and O, and allows for the identification of molecular ions and isotopic ions through energy spectrum peak analysis.

[0029] The present application has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. All content not described in detail in this application can be derived from existing technology.

Claims

1. A data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter (5), a microprocessor unit (6), and a host computer (7), wherein the host computer is equipped with host computer software; The acquisition module consists of multiple Faraday cups and multiple semiconductor detectors, and the output terminals of the multiple Faraday cups and multiple semiconductor detectors are connected to the signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit includes a multiplexer (1), an amplifier (2), a filter (3), and a zero-adjustment circuit (4). The input terminal of the multiplexer (1) is connected to the nine Faraday cups and two semiconductor detectors. The output terminal of the multiplexer (1) is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter (5) in sequence via the amplifier (2), the filter (3), and the zero-adjustment circuit (4). The output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter (5) is connected to the microprocessor unit (6) to convert the analog signal processed by the amplifier circuit (2), the filter circuit (3) and the zeroing circuit (4) into a digital signal and output it to the microprocessor unit (6). The microprocessor unit (6) is connected to the multiplexer (1), the analog-to-digital converter (5) and the host computer (7) respectively, and is used to control the channel selection of the multiplexer (1) and the data conversion of the analog-to-digital converter (5), and communicate with the host computer (7) via USB; The host computer software is used to display the energy spectrum and distinguish the types of ions based on the count of different energy peaks in the energy spectrum.

2. The data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple Faraday cups and multiple semiconductor detectors specifically consist of 9 Faraday cups and 2 semiconductor detectors; the 9 Faraday cups include a first Faraday cup (10), a second Faraday cup (11), a third Faraday cup (12), a fourth Faraday cup (13), a fifth Faraday cup (14), a sixth Faraday cup (15), a seventh Faraday cup (16), an eighth Faraday cup (17), and a ninth Faraday cup (18); the 2 semiconductor detectors include a first semiconductor detector (8) located behind the second Faraday cup (11) and a second semiconductor detector (9) located behind the third Faraday cup (12).

3. The data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first semiconductor detector (8) is located behind the second Faraday cup (11) and is used to acquire the S2 energy spectrum; the second semiconductor detector (9) is located behind the third Faraday cup (12) and is used to acquire the S3 energy spectrum.

4. The data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first semiconductor detector (8) and the second semiconductor detector (9) are used to acquire voltage signals and measure the energy spectrum of various ions; the first Faraday cup (10) to the ninth Faraday cup (18) are used to acquire current signals.

5. The data acquisition and processing system for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first Faraday cup (10), the second Faraday cup (11), the third Faraday cup (12), the fourth Faraday cup (13), the fifth Faraday cup (14), the sixth Faraday cup (15), the seventh Faraday cup (16), the eighth Faraday cup (17), and the ninth Faraday cup (18) respectively measure H, D / H2, and T / 3 He / DH, D2 / TH, TD, T2 12 C 14 N and 16 The O-beam cluster has 9 beams, namely I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9; S2 and S3 are the energy spectra of the semiconductor detectors behind the second Faraday cup (11) and the third Faraday cup (12), respectively, and the R on the S2 energy spectrum is... H and R D The count rates of H and D, respectively, are shown in the S3 energy spectrum. and R T They are respectively 3 Count rates of He and T ions.

6. A method for data acquisition and processing of a hydrogen mass spectrometer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The host computer (7) acquires and displays the values ​​of the nine beams I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, and I9; Step 2: The host computer (7) acquires the energy spectrum S2 from the first semiconductor detector (8) and the energy spectrum S3 from the second semiconductor detector (9); S2 gives the atomic ratio of H and D ions, H / D. S3 gives the energy spectrum of T, 3 The ratio of the number of He atoms to the number of D atoms, 3 He / T and D / T; Step 3: Calculate the required atomic number ratio based on the obtained beam currents I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6, I7, I8, I9 and energy spectra S2, S3: 3 He / T, H / T, D / T, 12 C / T, 14 N / T, 16 O / T.

7. The data acquisition and processing method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The 3 He / T is given directly from the energy spectrum S3 of the second semiconductor detector (9) behind the third Faraday cup (12); 3 He / T= / R T , and R T These are the S3 energy spectrum 3 Count rates of He and T ions.

8. The data acquisition and processing method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The H / T=I1 / I 3,T The results were calculated from the beams of the first Faraday cup (10) and the third Faraday cup (12); H / T=I1 / I 3,T Where I1 is the beam current of H measured by the first Faraday cup (10), I 3,T =I3- -I 3,DH I 3,T The beam current I3 measured by the third Faraday cup (12) minus the current directly measured by the third Faraday cup (12) 3 He and DH beams and I 3,DH get.

9. The data acquisition and processing method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, D / T=I 2,D / I 3,T , is the calculated ratio of the beam currents of the second Faraday cup (11) and the third Faraday cup (12); I 2,D =I2-I 2,H I 2,D The H-beam I obtained by subtracting the beam I2 directly measured from the beam I2 of the second Faraday cup (11) 2,H get.

10. A method for data acquisition and processing of a proton mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, 12 C / T=I7 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculation for the seventh Faraday cup (16) and the third Faraday cup (12).

11. The data acquisition and processing method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, 14 N / T=I8 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculation for the eighth Faraday cup (17) and the third Faraday cup (12).

12. The data acquisition and processing method for a hydrogen mass spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, 16 O / T=I9 / I 3,T The ratio given after beam calculation for the ninth Faraday cup (18) and the third Faraday cup (12).

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