A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronous test system and method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610917319.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本发明的目的在于提供一种多功能便携式多路信号同步测试系统及方法，以解决现有技术难以在现场便携条件下兼顾多路同步采样、实时衍生参数计算、多对象/多频点深度分析、智能诊断和长效续航的问题
[0020]一是通过统一采样时钟或同步触发机制实现多路信号同一时间基准下的同步采样，提高多通道相位、功率和阻抗等参数计算的可靠性；
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Figure CN122983505A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic measurement and field testing technology, specifically relating to a portable multi-channel signal synchronous testing system and method with capabilities of multi-channel synchronous sampling, multi-element derived parameter calculation, multi-object / multi-frequency point frequency domain analysis, wireless split operation, and long-lasting battery life. Background Technology
[0002] In industrial field commissioning, equipment condition monitoring, scientific research experiments, and scenarios such as railways, rail transit, power, and automation control, it is often necessary to simultaneously test multiple power supplies or multiple signals and obtain parameters such as voltage, current, impedance, phase, power, frequency, harmonics, and object-level correlation parameters. These parameters often cannot be judged independently at a single measurement point, but require obtaining the instantaneous relationship of multiple channels under the same time reference.
[0003] Existing testing solutions mainly include single-function instruments, large benchtop instruments, and portable recorders. Single-function instruments typically use time-division and point-division measurement methods, making it difficult to capture the synchronous relationship between multiple signals; large benchtop instruments, while having high accuracy and many functions, are large in size, expensive, and dependent on AC power, making them unsuitable for portable field testing; portable recorders typically focus on waveform recording and lack real-time derived parameter calculation, in-depth frequency domain analysis, and intelligent fault diagnosis capabilities.
[0004] Furthermore, existing portable devices generally suffer from high power consumption, insufficient battery life, unstable data links, and inadequate on-site analysis capabilities under conditions of high-density sampling, wireless transmission, and continuous operation. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive testing system and method that can achieve multi-channel synchronous sampling, rapid parameter calculation, deep frequency domain analysis, wireless split operation, and long-term continuous operation under portable conditions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization testing system and method to solve the problem that existing technologies are unable to simultaneously achieve multi-channel synchronous sampling, real-time derived parameter calculation, multi-object / multi-frequency point in-depth analysis, intelligent diagnosis, and long-term battery life under portable field conditions.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronous testing system, comprising an intelligent acquisition unit and an intelligent terminal, wherein the intelligent terminal is wirelessly connected to the intelligent acquisition unit. The intelligent acquisition unit includes a multi-channel synchronous acquisition module, a core processing and communication module, a multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module, and a power supply module.
[0007] The multi-channel synchronous acquisition module has multiple independent acquisition channels for synchronously sampling raw field signals such as voltage and current. The core processing and communication module controls the sampling process, reads synchronously sampled data, performs preprocessing, performs rapid parameter calculations within short time windows, and sends the task description to the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module. The multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module performs long-time window frequency domain and object-level parallel calculations based on object grouping and target frequency point sets. The power supply module provides stable power to each unit of the system and performs dynamic power consumption management.
[0008] The intelligent terminal includes a data receiving and processing module and a fault diagnosis module. The data receiving and processing module receives data from the intelligent acquisition unit and performs display, storage, report generation, and further analysis. The fault diagnosis module, based on the received synchronous multi-channel data, rapid derived parameters, and deep derived parameters, analyzes the correlation between parameters and executes fault diagnosis logic.
[0009] Furthermore, the core processing and communication module includes a main controller, a fast derived parameter calculation unit, and a wireless communication unit; the main controller is used to control the sampling process, maintain the shared storage area or parameter bus, schedule the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module, and aggregate and package data frames, fast derived parameters, and deep derived parameters; the wireless communication unit is used to send the packaged sampling data, statistical data, and derived parameters to the smart terminal.
[0010] Furthermore, the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module is an independent hardware coprocessing unit, or a software, firmware, or logic calculation unit integrated into the main controller; the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module exchanges data with the core processing and communication module through a shared storage area, parameter bus, or message queue.
[0011] Furthermore, the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module is equipped with multiple independent acquisition channels. Each independent acquisition channel includes a protection circuit, a programmable amplifier, an anti-aliasing filter, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence. The protection circuit and the programmable amplifier constitute a signal conditioning circuit, which is used to perform overvoltage or overcurrent protection, range matching, impedance matching, amplitude conditioning, bias processing, and noise suppression. The anti-aliasing filter is used to limit the signal bandwidth before sampling. The analog-to-digital converter is driven by a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal provided by the main controller.
[0012] Furthermore, the rapid derivation parameters include one or more of the following: effective voltage value, effective current value, active power, apparent power, power factor, fundamental phase angle, and fundamental impedance; the deep derivation parameters include one or more of the following: target frequency amplitude, target frequency phase, frequency offset, drift rate, harmonic or interharmonic index, total harmonic distortion, impedance frequency response, admittance frequency response, cross-channel transfer function, coherence, three-phase sequence components, and unbalance.
[0013] Furthermore, the core processing and communication module and the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module register both fast-derived parameters and deep-derived parameters on the parameter bus or shared storage area, and attach source tags, timestamps, sampling window lengths, object groupings and frequency information to each parameter; when parameters with the same name exist simultaneously, the fast-derived parameters are preferred for real-time display or real-time alarm, while the deep-derived parameters are preferred for report analysis or offline analysis.
[0014] Furthermore, the power module includes a high-capacity lithium battery and a power management integrated circuit. The power management integrated circuit provides stable power to the main controller and wireless communication unit in the core processing and communication module, the protection circuit, programmable amplifier, anti-aliasing filter and analog-to-digital converter in the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module, and performs dynamic power consumption management according to the sampling status, calculation status and data throughput.
[0015] In this invention, the system employs a rapid parameter derivation chain and a deep parameter derivation chain. The rapid parameter derivation chain is completed by the core processing and communication module within a short time window, used for real-time display and alarms; the deep parameter derivation chain is completed by the multi-object / multi-frequency point parameter calculation module within a longer time window, used for multi-frequency point, frequency domain, and object-level analysis. Both types of parameters are registered on the parameter bus or shared parameter area, accompanied by source tags, time window information, and object grouping information to avoid duplicate calculations and parameter caliber conflicts.
[0016] Another technical solution provided by this invention: a multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization testing method, comprising the following steps: the system is powered on and a wireless connection is established; the main controller controls the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter to synchronously sample based on a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal; the synchronously sampled data is preprocessed, fast parameter calculation is performed, and deep parameter calculation is performed; the raw data and derived parameters are packaged and sent to the smart terminal; the smart terminal performs display, storage, and fault diagnosis; the above process is executed cyclically with the support of the power module, and enters a low-power state when the test task ends, the power is lower than the protection threshold, or the user-set time is reached.
[0017] Furthermore, the preprocessing, rapid parameter calculation, and deep parameter calculation of the synchronously sampled data include: removing the DC component from the original voltage sample u_raw[n] and the original current sample i_raw[n] and correcting them according to the calibration coefficient to obtain the preprocessed voltage sample u[n] and the preprocessed current sample i[n]; calculating the effective voltage value U_rms, effective current value I_rms, active power P, apparent power S, and power factor PF under the total range, where P is the average instantaneous power within the window, S is the product of U_rms and I_rms, and PF is the ratio of P to S; calculating the effective fundamental voltage value U1_rms, effective fundamental current value I1_rms, phase angle φ, fundamental impedance Z1, fundamental active power P1, fundamental reactive power Q1, and fundamental power factor PF1 under the fundamental or target frequency range.
[0018] Furthermore, the fault diagnosis module performs criterion matching or model analysis based on synchronous multi-channel data and derived parameters; when the current of a certain channel is lower than the first threshold and the voltage at the measuring point remains within the nominal range, it is judged as an open circuit or disconnection trend; when the voltage of a certain channel decreases, the impedance increases and the current decreases or fluctuates, it is judged as poor contact or abnormal high-resistance connection; when the impedance of a certain channel decreases and the current exceeds the second threshold, it is judged as a short circuit or overload trend; when the voltage and current decrease significantly at the same time, the upstream power supply status is combined to further distinguish between power supply abnormalities and load-side faults.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0020] First, by using a unified sampling clock or synchronous triggering mechanism, synchronous sampling of multiple signals under the same time reference can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of multi-channel phase, power, and impedance parameter calculations.
[0021] Secondly, by dividing the work between rapid parameter chain derivation and deep parameter chain derivation, we can take into account both millisecond-level display alarms and long-window frequency domain in-depth analysis, and avoid mixing different calculation methods.
[0022] Third, the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module supports the parallel identification and parameter derivation of multiple test objects and multiple target frequencies, and can output in-depth parameters such as amplitude, phase, harmonics, impedance frequency response, transfer function, coherence and unbalance.
[0023] Fourth, the wireless split architecture of the intelligent data acquisition machine and the intelligent terminal separates on-site sampling from human-machine interaction, improving operational safety and convenience.
[0024] Fifth, by controlling power management and wireless transmission duty cycle, the average power consumption is reduced, enabling the system to meet the requirements of long-term continuous field testing. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1This is a block diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit of the multi-channel synchronous acquisition front-end of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protection circuit of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel synchronous sampling module structure of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the calculation of the derived parameters of this invention.
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power management module structure and power consumption control strategy of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the overall testing method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent substitutions, modifications, or combinations made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the testing system of this invention adopts a split structure with a smart acquisition unit 100 and a smart terminal 200 wirelessly connected. The smart acquisition unit 100 includes a multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101, a multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102, a core processing and communication module 103, a power supply module 104, and a shared storage area or parameter bus 105 for data exchange. The shared storage area or parameter bus 105 is used to transmit sampling data, task descriptions, and calculation results between the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101, the core processing and communication module 103, and the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102, and is also configured with a shared parameter area for registering derived parameter calculation results. The smart terminal 200 includes a data receiving and processing module 201 and a fault diagnosis module 202. The data receiving and processing module 201 receives data from the smart acquisition unit and performs display, storage, report generation, and further analysis. The fault diagnosis module 202, based on the received synchronous multi-channel data, rapid derived parameters, and deep derived parameters, analyzes the correlation between parameters and executes fault diagnosis logic.
[0034] The multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101 is used to acquire the original voltage signal, current signal, or other measurands that can be converted into electrical signals on site. Under the unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal provided by the main controller in the core processing and communication module 103, the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101 forms a synchronous sampling data frame and writes the sampling data, channel number, timestamp, and sampling window information into the shared storage area, or publishes them via the parameter bus.
[0035] The core processing and communication module 103 reads synchronous sampling data frames from the shared memory area or receives synchronous sampling data frames via the parameter bus, performs preprocessing such as DC removal, gain calibration, phase calibration, and amplitude limiting, and calculates rapidly derived parameters within a short time window. The core processing and communication module 103 also issues a task description to the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102 according to the test task. The task description includes the sampling window handle, object grouping, target frequency point set, and required parameter types. The core processing and communication module 103 includes a main controller, a rapidly derived parameter calculation unit, and a wireless communication unit. The main controller controls the sampling process, maintains the shared memory area or parameter bus, schedules the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module, and aggregates and packages data frames, rapidly derived parameters, and deeply derived parameters. The wireless communication unit sends the packaged sampling data, statistical data, and derived parameters to the smart terminal 200.
[0036] The multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102 performs frequency domain and object-level parallel operations on the selected object and target frequency points based on a longer time window, and obtains in-depth parameters such as target frequency point amplitude and phase, frequency offset and drift rate, harmonic or interharmonic index, total harmonic distortion, impedance frequency response, admittance frequency response, cross-channel transfer function, coherence, three-phase sequence components and unbalance, and writes the results back to the shared parameter area.
[0037] In one embodiment, the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102 can be an independent hardware coprocessing unit; in another embodiment, the module can also be a software, firmware, or logic calculation unit within the main controller. Regardless of the implementation method, it maintains a consistent data exchange relationship with the core processing and communication module 103 through a shared memory area, parameter bus, or message queue.
[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101 includes multiple independent acquisition channels. Each independent acquisition channel includes a protection circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, an anti-aliasing filter, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence. The field input signal first enters the protection circuit, where overvoltage, overcurrent, surge, or transient impact suppression is completed. Then, it enters the signal conditioning circuit for range matching, impedance matching, amplitude conditioning, and bias processing. Subsequently, the anti-aliasing filter filters out interference signals exceeding the target sampling bandwidth before inputting to the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter is driven by a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal provided by the main controller in the core processing and communication module 103 to achieve synchronous sampling of multiple independent acquisition channels.
[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the protection circuit is located at the input end of the independent acquisition channel and is used to protect the downstream signal conditioning circuit, anti-aliasing filter, analog-to-digital converter and main controller in the event of abnormal field signal, misconnection, surge impact or transient overvoltage.
[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, each independent acquisition channel includes a protection circuit, a programmable amplifier, an anti-aliasing filter, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence. The protection circuit protects against overvoltage, overcurrent, surge, or incorrect signal input; the programmable amplifier conditions the amplitude of the input signal according to the range configuration; the anti-aliasing filter limits the signal bandwidth before sampling; and the analog-to-digital converter performs multi-channel synchronous sampling driven by a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal. The protection circuit, programmable amplifier, and their associated impedance matching, bias processing, or filtering units together constitute the front-end signal conditioning section, used to convert the raw field signal into a signal that can be safely and accurately sampled by the analog-to-digital converter.
[0041] The core processing and communication module 103 and the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module 102 register both fast-derived parameters and deep-derived parameters on the parameter bus or shared parameter area, and attach source tags, timestamps, sampling window lengths, object groups and frequency information to each parameter; when parameters with the same name exist at the same time, the fast-derived parameters are preferred for real-time display or real-time alarm, and the deep-derived parameters are preferred for report analysis or offline analysis.
[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the power module 104 includes a high-capacity lithium battery and a power management integrated circuit. The power management integrated circuit supplies power to the main controller and wireless communication unit in the core processing and communication module 103, the protection circuit, programmable amplifier, anti-aliasing filter, analog-to-digital converter, and local storage or indication unit in the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module 101, and reduces average power consumption through low power consumption during sampling intervals, wireless transmission power adjustment, data upload duty cycle control, and on-demand uploading of raw waveforms.
[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the test method includes steps such as system power-on, establishing a wireless connection, synchronous sampling, real-time calculation of derived parameters, wireless transmission of data packets, terminal display and storage, real-time fault analysis, and cyclic operation. The specific process is as follows: S1, the system is powered on, and the intelligent acquisition unit establishes a wireless connection with the intelligent terminal; S2, the main controller controls the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter to synchronously sample the input signal based on a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal; S3, the synchronously sampled data is preprocessed, and short-time window rapid derived parameter calculation and long-time window multi-object / multi-frequency point depth parameter calculation are performed respectively; S4, the raw sampled data, rapid derived parameters, and depth derived parameters are packaged as needed and sent to the intelligent terminal wirelessly; S5, the intelligent terminal performs data presentation, storage, report generation, and real-time fault analysis; S6, with the support of the power module, S2 to S5 are executed cyclically, and the data is saved and the system enters a low-power state when the user ends the test, the power level is lower than the protection threshold, or the user-set test duration is reached.
[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the derived parameter calculation process includes a fast derived parameter calculation link and a deep derived parameter calculation link. The fast derived parameter calculation link uses a short time window ΔT, suitable for real-time display and alarms; the deep derived parameter calculation link uses a longer time window, suitable for multi-frequency point, frequency domain, and object-level analysis. Both types of parameters are registered in the shared parameter area and carry the source tag FAST or DEEP.
[0045] Step S3 includes: removing the DC component from the original voltage sample u_raw[n] and the original current sample i_raw[n] and correcting them according to the calibration coefficient to obtain the preprocessed voltage sample u[n] and the preprocessed current sample i[n]; calculating the effective voltage value U_rms, effective current value I_rms, active power P, apparent power S and power factor PF under the total quantity caliber, where P is the average instantaneous power within the window, S is the product of U_rms and I_rms, and PF is the ratio of P to S; calculating the effective fundamental voltage value U1_rms, effective fundamental current value I1_rms, phase angle φ, fundamental impedance Z1, fundamental active power P1, fundamental reactive power Q1 and fundamental power factor PF1 under the fundamental frequency or target frequency caliber.
[0046] Under the total quantity caliber, let the number of samples within a single calculation window be N, the preprocessed voltage sample be u[n], and the preprocessed current sample be i[n], n=0...N-1, then the effective voltage value U_rms, the effective current value I_rms, the active power P, the apparent power S, and the power factor PF can be calculated as follows:
[0047] U_rms = sqrt((1 / N) Σ u[n]^2)
[0048] I_rms = sqrt((1 / N) Σ i[n]^2)
[0049] P = (1 / N) Σ u[n]·i[n]
[0050] S = U_rms · I_rms
[0051] PF = P / S
[0052] The above total range includes the fundamental frequency, harmonics, and noise components, and is applicable to the calculation of total power and total power factor under non-sinusoidal signal conditions.
[0053] At the fundamental or target frequency, assuming the nominal fundamental frequency is f0, the sampling rate is f_s, and the discrete angular frequency is ω0 = 2πf0 / f_s, the fundamental components of voltage and current can be obtained through I / Q accumulation, the Goertzel algorithm, or single-point DFT.
[0054] The fundamental cosine component of the voltage is U_c = (2 / N) Σ u[n] cos(ω0 n),
[0055] The fundamental sinusoidal component of the voltage is U_s = (2 / N) Σ u[n] sin(ω0 n).
[0056] The fundamental cosine component of the current, I_c = (2 / N) Σ i[n] cos(ω0 n),
[0057] The fundamental sinusoidal component of the current is I_s = (2 / N) Σ i[n] sin(ω0 n).
[0058] The fundamental effective value of the voltage is U1_rms = (1 / sqrt(2)) sqrt(U_c^2 + U_s^2)
[0059] The fundamental effective value of the current is I1_rms = (1 / sqrt(2)) sqrt(I_c^2 + I_s^2)
[0060] Fundamental phase angle difference φ = atan2(U_s, U_c) - atan2(I_s, I_c)
[0061] Fundamental impedance amplitude Z1 = U1_rms / I1_rms,
[0062] The apparent power of the fundamental frequency is S1 = U1_rms · I1_rms
[0063] Fundamental active power P1 = S1 cosφ,
[0064] Fundamental reactive power Q1 = S1 sinφ,
[0065] Fundamental power factor PF1 = cosφ
[0066] When the signal is approximately sinusoidal steady-state or the fundamental component is used as the calculation reference, P1=S1cosφ and PF1=cosφ can be used. For non-sinusoidal signals, the total power factor is based on PF=P / S, and φ represents the fundamental displacement angle. This avoids calculation ambiguities caused by mixing the total power factor and the fundamental component reference.
[0067] The depth-derived parameters include one or more of the following: target frequency amplitude, target frequency phase, frequency offset, drift rate, harmonic or interharmonic index, total harmonic distortion, impedance frequency response, admittance frequency response, cross-channel transfer function, coherence, three-phase sequence components, and imbalance, as shown in Table 1.
[0068] Table 1. Depth Derivation Parameter Table
[0069] f_k Target frequency The k-th point (preset or identified) in the frequency set. Hz For multi-frequency point analysis A(f_k) Amplitude Spectral amplitude / equivalent amplitude at f_k Dimensional consistent Estimated by long-window FFT / Goertzel Φ(f_k) phase Phase at f_k rad or ° Δf Frequency offset Deviation of actual frequency relative to f0 Hz Output can be obtained from the frequency estimation module. THD Total Harmonic Distortion For example, THD = sqrt(Σ_{h≥2} U_h^2) / U_1 % Bandwidth / packet size must be specified.
[0070] Figure 7 The "continuous operation for no less than 8 hours" refers to the system's battery life indicator, not a mandatory requirement to stop the test after 8 hours of operation. Actual test termination conditions may include user termination of the test, battery level falling below the protection threshold, or reaching the user-set test duration.
[0071] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module 202 performs fault criterion matching based on synchronous multi-channel data and derived parameters. When the current of a certain channel is lower than the first threshold and the voltage at the measuring point remains within the nominal range, it can be judged as an open circuit or disconnection trend; when the voltage of a certain channel decreases, the impedance increases, and the current decreases or fluctuates, it can be judged as poor contact or abnormal high-resistance connection; when the impedance of a certain channel decreases and the current exceeds the second threshold, it can be judged as a short circuit or overload trend; when the voltage and current decrease significantly at the same time, the upstream power supply status is combined to further distinguish between power supply abnormalities and load-side faults.
[0072] Some examples of fault models are shown in Table 2. Specific thresholds can be configured according to the object under test, on-site working conditions, and historical baselines.
[0073] Table 2 Partial Fault Model Table
[0074] Open circuit / disconnection I_rms,k < 0.05·I_nom,k and U_rms,k ≥ 0.9·U_nom, for a duration of T periods. The current is near zero, but the voltage remains, unlike an upstream power outage. Poor contact / high resistance connection U_rms decreases, |Z1| increases, and I_rms decreases or fluctuates, lasting for T periods. It is necessary to determine the connection status by considering the terminals, contacts, and cables. Short circuit / short to ground When I_rms,k > 3·I_nom,k or |Z1,k| decreases beyond the threshold, it is often accompanied by a decrease in U_rms. High-priority hard faults Overload 1.1·I_nom,k ≤ I_rms,k < 3·I_nom,k, for a duration of T periods. If the short-circuit threshold is not met, it is considered an overload. Phase reversed / polarity error φ_k is close to π or P_k < 0 and I_rms,k exceeds the threshold. Typically manifested as negative power or reverse Three-phase imbalance |I2| / |I1| exceed the configured threshold, lasting for T periods. It can be classified as light, medium and heavy. Severe harmonic distortion THD_I,k exceeds the configured threshold and PF decreases, lasting for T periods. Used to indicate abnormalities in rectification, saturation, or harmonic sources.
[0075] Fault diagnosis example: When the impedance Z of a certain channel drops beyond threshold T1 and I_rms rises beyond threshold T2 within the window, a short circuit trend is identified and an alarm is triggered; when U_rms drops significantly and Z rises, while I_rms falls below the threshold, an open circuit / poor contact can be identified. The thresholds are adaptive to temperature / load and have hysteresis.
[0076] In one embodiment, a wireless data frame may include a frame header, device number, channel number, timestamp, sampling window information, parameter type, parameter value, sequence number, and CRC check field. The system may employ Wi-Fi, BLE, Sub-GHz, or other wireless communication methods; specific protocols do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Under normal circumstances, the system only uploads derived parameters and necessary statistical data; the original waveform is uploaded on demand or in packets to reduce bandwidth consumption and power consumption.
[0077] In one embodiment, when the number of channels is expanded from 4 to 8 or 16, only the number of front-end channels, the number of analog-to-digital converters, or the number of clock allocation channels need to be expanded. The core parameter calculation caliber, the shared parameter area structure, and the wireless transmission logic do not change substantially.
[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various improvements, substitutions, or combinations can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of the present invention, and all such improvements, substitutions, or combinations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system, characterized in that, It includes an intelligent data acquisition unit and an intelligent terminal, wherein the intelligent terminal is wirelessly connected to the intelligent data acquisition unit; the intelligent data acquisition unit includes a multi-channel synchronous acquisition module, a core processing and communication module, a multi-object / multi-frequency point parameter calculation module, and a power supply module. The multi-channel synchronous acquisition module is used to synchronously sample multiple input signals under a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal and form synchronous sampling data frames. The core processing and communication module is used to read the synchronous sampling data frames, perform preprocessing and short-time-window rapid parameter calculation, and send a task description containing sampling window information, object grouping information, and target frequency point set to the multi-object / multi-frequency-point parameter calculation module. The multi-object / multi-frequency-point parameter calculation module is used to perform long-time-window, frequency domain, and object-level parameter calculation according to the task description, and write back the deep-derived parameters to the shared storage area. The core processing and communication module is also used to aggregate, label, and package the rapid-derived parameters and deep-derived parameters, and then send them to the intelligent terminal via a wireless link. The intelligent terminal includes a data receiving and processing module and a fault diagnosis module, used to display, store, analyze, and diagnose faults in the data from the intelligent acquisition unit.
2. The multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core processing and communication module includes a main controller, a fast derived parameter calculation unit, and a wireless communication unit. The main controller is used to control the sampling process, maintain the shared storage area or parameter bus, schedule the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module, and aggregate and package data frames, fast derived parameters, and deep derived parameters. The wireless communication unit is used to send the packaged sampling data, statistical data, and derived parameters to the smart terminal.
3. A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module is an independent hardware coprocessing unit, or a software, firmware, or logic calculation unit integrated into the main controller; the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module exchanges data with the core processing and communication module through a shared storage area, parameter bus, or message queue.
4. The multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-channel synchronous acquisition module is configured with multiple independent acquisition channels. Each independent acquisition channel includes a protection circuit, a programmable amplifier, an anti-aliasing filter, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence. The protection circuit and the programmable amplifier constitute a signal conditioning circuit, which is used to perform overvoltage or overcurrent protection, range matching, impedance matching, amplitude conditioning, bias processing, and noise suppression. The anti-aliasing filter is used to limit the signal bandwidth before sampling. The analog-to-digital converter is driven by a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal provided by the main controller.
5. The multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid derivation parameters include one or more of the following: effective voltage value, effective current value, active power, apparent power, power factor, fundamental phase angle, and fundamental impedance; the deep derivation parameters include one or more of the following: target frequency amplitude, target frequency phase, frequency offset, drift rate, harmonic or interharmonic index, total harmonic distortion, impedance frequency response, admittance frequency response, cross-channel transfer function, coherence, three-phase sequence components, and unbalance.
6. The multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The core processing and communication module and the multi-object / multi-frequency parameter calculation module register both fast-derived parameters and deep-derived parameters on the parameter bus or shared storage area, and attach source tags, timestamps, sampling window lengths, object groupings and frequency information to each parameter; when parameters with the same name exist at the same time, the fast-derived parameters are preferred for real-time display or real-time alarm, while the deep-derived parameters are preferred for report analysis or offline analysis.
7. The multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes a high-capacity lithium battery and a power management integrated circuit. The power management integrated circuit provides stable power to the main controller and wireless communication unit in the core processing and communication module, the protection circuit, programmable amplifier, anti-aliasing filter and analog-to-digital converter in the multi-channel synchronous acquisition module, and performs dynamic power consumption management according to the sampling status, calculation status and data throughput.
8. A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test method, implemented based on the test system described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the system is powered on, and the intelligent data acquisition unit establishes a wireless connection with the intelligent terminal; S2, the main controller controls the multiplex analog-to-digital converter to synchronously sample the input signal based on a unified sampling clock or synchronous trigger signal; S3 preprocesses the synchronous sampling data and performs rapid parameter calculation for short time windows and depth parameter calculation for multiple objects / multi-frequency points for long time windows, respectively. S4 packages the raw sampling data, fast derived parameters, and deep derived parameters as needed and sends them wirelessly to the smart terminal; S5 enables smart terminals to present, store, generate reports, and perform real-time fault analysis. S6, with the support of the power module, cycles through S2 to S5, and saves data and enters a low-power state when the user ends the test, the power is below the protection threshold, or the user-set test duration is reached.
9. A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: removing the DC component from the original voltage sample u_raw[n] and the original current sample i_raw[n] and correcting them according to the calibration coefficient to obtain the preprocessed voltage sample u[n] and the preprocessed current sample i[n]; calculating the effective voltage value U_rms, effective current value I_rms, active power P, apparent power S and power factor PF under the total quantity caliber, where P is the average instantaneous power within the window, S is the product of U_rms and I_rms, and PF is the ratio of P to S; calculating the effective fundamental voltage value U1_rms, effective fundamental current value I1_rms, phase angle φ, fundamental impedance Z1, fundamental active power P1, fundamental reactive power Q1 and fundamental power factor PF1 under the fundamental frequency or target frequency caliber.
10. A multifunctional portable multi-channel signal synchronization test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fault diagnosis module performs criterion matching or model analysis based on synchronous multi-channel data and derived parameters; when the current of a certain channel is lower than the first threshold and the voltage at the measuring point remains within the nominal range, it is judged to be an open circuit or disconnection trend. When the voltage of a channel drops, the impedance increases, and the current decreases or fluctuates, it is judged as poor contact or abnormal high-resistance connection; when the impedance of a channel drops and the current exceeds the second threshold, it is judged as a short circuit or overload trend; when the voltage and current drop significantly at the same time, the power supply abnormality and load-side fault are further distinguished by combining the upstream power supply status.