Automatic phase switching device, method and apparatus for frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy testing

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of automatic phase change device, method and equipment for frequency domain dielectric spectrum test.The device includes: multiple end screen connection ports, for connecting the end screen lead-out wire of corresponding phase of test equipment;Tester input port, for connecting frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester;Switching module is connected between ground wire connection port, multiple end screen connection ports and tester input port, for switching the on-off state of each phase end screen lead-out wire connection port and tester input port and ground wire connection port according to preset order;State detection module is arranged at switching module, for detecting the actual switching state of switching module and outputting detection signal;Control circuit is connected with switching module and state detection module, for controlling switching module and collecting the detection signal of state detection module.Through the above device, the automation level and safety of FDS test are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of insulation testing and automation control of power equipment, and in particular to an automatic commutation device, method and equipment for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing. Background Technology

[0002] Insulation condition assessment of high-voltage equipment is a core aspect of safe power system operation. Frequency domain spectrometry (FDS) testing, by measuring the dielectric response characteristics of paper insulation materials at different frequencies, can accurately reflect the degree of insulation aging and moisture absorption. However, in actual FDS testing, it is usually necessary to measure each phase (A, B, C) of the transformer's high-voltage bushing and the neutral point (O terminal) phase by phase to comprehensively assess the differences in insulation condition among phases. Since FDS testing requires sequential measurement of phases A, B, C, and the neutral point (O terminal) according to a predetermined order, ensuring consistency of test conditions and continuity of the test process, the switching efficiency and accuracy between measurement circuits directly affect the overall testing efficiency and the reliability of the test results. When there are many devices under test or the testing frequency is high, automatically switching between phases according to a set sequence not only helps ensure the standardization and uniformity of the testing process and reduces test interruptions, but also improves the continuity and automation level of FDS testing, providing a fundamental guarantee for the efficient and accurate assessment of the insulation condition of high-voltage equipment.

[0003] In existing technologies, FDS testing technology mainly relies on manual operation to complete the multiphase testing process. Specifically, the tester needs to connect the FDS testing equipment to phases A, B, and C of the transformer's high-voltage bushing and the neutral point O terminal in sequence according to the testing requirements. After completing the test of the current phase, the test circuit is manually disconnected and reconnected to the next phase to be tested. The test program is then restarted until the dielectric spectrum data of all phases are collected. Finally, the overall insulation status of the high-voltage equipment is analyzed and evaluated based on the test results of each phase.

[0004] However, the existing methods are complex and time-consuming, resulting in low testing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an automatic phase-commutation device, method, and equipment for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, which solves the problem that the prior art is complex and time-consuming, resulting in low testing efficiency.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic phase-commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, comprising:

[0007] Multiple end-screen wiring ports are used to connect the end-screen lead-out line of the corresponding phase of the device under test;

[0008] The tester input port is used to connect to a frequency domain dielectric spectrum analyzer;

[0009] A switching module is connected between the ground wire connection port, the plurality of end screen connection ports and the tester input port, and is used to switch the on / off state of each phase end screen lead wire connection port, the tester input port and the ground wire connection port in a preset order.

[0010] A status detection module is installed at the switching module to detect the actual switching status of the switching module and output a detection signal.

[0011] A control circuit, connected to the switching module and the status detection module, is used to control the switching module and acquire the detection signal of the status detection module.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the switching module includes multiple relays, each relay being connected according to a preset interlocking relationship, so that at any given time only one end-screen wiring port is connected to the input port of the tester, while the end-screen wiring ports of the remaining phases are connected to the ground wiring port.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the control circuit includes a microcontroller, which is used to parse the commutation control signal and drive the switching module to operate according to a preset commutation sequence; and to collect the detection signal of the status detection module and output a switching completion signal after confirming that the switching is in place.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the state detection module is an auxiliary contact located at the relay contact in the switching module, used to convert the actual conduction state into a switching signal and output it to the control circuit.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a manual switch connected in series in the circuit of the plurality of end-screen wiring ports and the tester input port;

[0016] The manual switch has an automatic mode and a manual mode. In manual mode, it is used to manually select the phase to be tested.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automatic commutation method for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, including:

[0018] Image recognition technology is used to identify image information in the testing software to determine whether the current phase test has ended.

[0019] When it is determined that the current phase test has ended, a trigger signal is sent to the automatic phase commutation device, which is the first aspect and / or various possible devices of the first aspect as described above.

[0020] Receive commutation completion information fed back by the automatic commutation device;

[0021] Based on the commutation completion information, the test software is controlled to complete the parameter configuration and test start of the next phase to be tested.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the step of identifying image information in the testing software using image recognition technology to determine whether the current phase test has ended includes:

[0023] Acquire image information of the preset timing area in the test software interface;

[0024] The image information is preprocessed, and optical character recognition (OCR) technology is used to identify the countdown data in the timing area;

[0025] The countdown data obtained from the identification is matched with the preset end state;

[0026] When the matching result meets the preset conditions, the current phase test is considered to have ended.

[0027] In one possible implementation, controlling the test software to complete the parameter configuration and test initiation of the next phase under test based on the commutation completion information includes:

[0028] Following a preset automated task sequence, the system simulates mouse clicks and / or keyboard input to complete the selection of the phase under test, configuration of test parameters, and test initiation.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0030] The running status of the testing software is continuously monitored during the testing process;

[0031] When an abnormal pause is detected in the testing software, an alarm message is output, and the current test progress and completed test data are recorded.

[0032] After the anomaly is resolved, the test process for the current phase under test continues according to the recorded test progress.

[0033] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0034] The memory stores instructions that the computer executes;

[0035] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect as described above.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect as described above.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect as described above.

[0038] The automatic phase-switching device, method, and equipment for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in this application firstly connects multiple end-screen wiring ports to the end-screen leads of each phase of the device under test, allowing the end-screen signals of each phase to be pre-connected to the device. This eliminates the need for repeated manual disconnection and reconnection during testing, providing a unified access basis for subsequent automatic switching tests. Simultaneously, the tester input port connects to the frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester to establish a signal transmission channel between the device and the tester, ensuring stable transmission of the end-screen signal of the currently selected phase to the tester for dielectric spectrum data acquisition. Subsequently, the control circuit sends switching control commands to the switching module according to a preset test procedure, driving the switching module to sequentially switch the on / off relationships between the end-screen wiring ports of each phase and the tester input port and ground wiring port. This automatically connects the phase under test to the tester to complete the dielectric spectrum test, while the remaining phases remain in a preset grounded or disconnected state. This achieves automatic rotation of the test objects for each phase, avoiding wiring errors and test interruptions caused by manual switching, and improving test efficiency and consistency. During the switching process, the status detection module located at the switching module monitors the actual conduction status of each switch contact or switching unit in real time and generates corresponding detection signals to feed back to the control circuit. This allows the control circuit to compare and verify the actual switching status with the target switching status. When issues such as incomplete switching, contact sticking, malfunction, or abnormal switching are detected, the control circuit can promptly stop subsequent test procedures or re-execute the switching operation and output corresponding error messages. This ensures that the test loop is always in the correct connection state, avoiding test data distortion or incorrect equipment wiring due to switching abnormalities. By combining the automatic control of the switching module by the control circuit with the closed-loop feedback of the status detection module, automatic switching, status confirmation, and abnormal monitoring of the end-screen test process for each phase are achieved. This not only effectively reduces manual operation and improves the automation level and testing efficiency of frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, but also ensures the accuracy and reliability of the test connection status of each phase, further enhancing the stability, repeatability, and overall test safety of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of an automatic commutation method for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application.

[0046] Insulation condition assessment of high-voltage equipment is a core aspect of the safe operation of power systems. The Fiber Optic Displacement (FDS) test, by measuring the dielectric response characteristics of oil-paper insulation materials at different frequencies, can accurately reflect the degree of insulation aging and moisture absorption. However, in actual FDS testing, it is usually necessary to measure each phase (A, B, C) of the transformer's high-voltage bushing and the neutral point (O terminal) phase by phase to comprehensively assess the differences in insulation condition among each phase. Since FDS testing requires sequential measurement of phases A, B, C, and the neutral point (O terminal) according to a predetermined order, ensuring consistency of test conditions and continuity of the test process, the switching efficiency and accuracy between measurement circuits directly affect the overall testing efficiency and the reliability of the test results. When there are many devices under test or the testing frequency is high, automatically switching between phases according to a set sequence not only helps ensure the standardization and uniformity of the testing process and reduces test interruptions, but also improves the continuity and automation level of FDS testing, providing a fundamental guarantee for the efficient and accurate assessment of the insulation condition of high-voltage equipment.

[0047] In existing technologies, FDS testing technology mainly relies on manual operation to complete the multiphase testing process. Specifically, the tester needs to connect the FDS testing equipment to phases A, B, and C of the transformer's high-voltage bushing and the neutral point O terminal in sequence according to the testing requirements. After completing the test of the current phase, the test circuit is manually disconnected and reconnected to the next phase to be tested. The test program is then restarted until the dielectric spectrum data of all phases are collected. Finally, the overall insulation status of the high-voltage equipment is analyzed and evaluated based on the test results of each phase.

[0048] To address the problems of cumbersome operation, low testing efficiency, high risk of manual wiring errors, and difficulty in ensuring test consistency in existing FDS testing processes that rely on sequential wiring, disconnection, and reconnection for each phase, the inventors have proposed an automatic phase-switching device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing based on the design principle of automatic test loop switching. This scheme connects the end-screen leads of each phase of the tested equipment to the device in one go through multiple end-screen connection ports. A switching module establishes a controllable continuity relationship between the end-screen connection ports of each phase, the tester input port, and the ground connection port. Under the control of the control circuit, the switching of each phase test loop is automatically completed according to a preset test sequence, eliminating the need for personnel to reconnect and disconnect test leads after each phase test, thus enabling continuous dielectric spectrum testing of all phases. Simultaneously, to ensure accurate and reliable switching, a status detection module is installed at the switching module to detect the actual continuity status of the switching module in real time and feed the detection results back to the control circuit. The control circuit verifies the actual switching status against the target switching status. If an incomplete or abnormal switching is detected, the test is stopped or a new switching is performed, thereby ensuring that the test loop is always in a correct connection state. The above methods enable automatic switching, automatic verification, and continuous testing of each phase test circuit during FDS testing. This not only significantly reduces manual operation and improves testing efficiency, but also reduces the testing risks caused by human wiring errors. Furthermore, it ensures the consistency of test conditions for each phase and the accuracy of test data, further improving the automation level, test reliability, and credibility of insulation status assessment results of frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing.

[0049] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: a terminal screen wiring port 10, a tester input port 20, a switching module 30, a status detection module 40, a control circuit 50, and a manual switch 60.

[0051] The multiple end-screen connection ports refer to several external access interfaces installed on the device, which are used to establish detachable electrical connections with the end-screen leads of each phase of the tested equipment. They serve as the access function for the end-screen signals of the tested phase within the overall device and act as the basic connection nodes for phase-to-phase switching. These multiple end-screen connection ports are typically located on the outside of the housing for easy wiring operations and are connected one-to-one with the input or output terminals of the switching module, so that the end-screen leads of different phases can be introduced into the same test circuit during phase switching. In this embodiment, four sets of end-screen connection ports 10 are provided, labeled A port, B port, C port, and O port, respectively, for corresponding connections to the end-screen leads of the high-voltage bushings of phases A, B, and C of the tested transformer, as well as the end-screen lead at the neutral point O terminal. Each end-screen connection port 10 is fixed to an insulating base and uses high-voltage terminals with sufficient electrical clearance and creepage distance to ensure insulation safety under the FDS test voltage. In actual testing, the lead wires of each phase end screen are connected to the corresponding end screen wiring port 10 through shielded cables, and the shielding layer is grounded at one end to reduce the influence of external electromagnetic interference on the weak dielectric response signal.

[0052] In one possible embodiment, the terminal block wiring port 10 can be a screw-type crimp terminal, a pluggable aviation terminal, or an alligator clip terminal. The terminal conductor can be made of copper alloy, silver-plated copper, or brass. The external insulation can be made of flame-retardant engineering plastic, epoxy resin, or polycarbonate to adapt to different field wiring methods. The terminal opening, aperture, or clamping gap of the terminal block wiring port 10 is usually matched with the wire diameter of the terminal block lead-out wire of the device under test. The terminal spacing and creepage distance are set according to the applicable insulation class to ensure that the port maintains sufficient electrical isolation when it is arranged outside the housing.

[0053] The tester input port 20 is an external interface used to connect to the test circuit of the frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester. Its function is to form a measurement channel between the lead-out line of the currently selected phase and the tester, enabling the tester to collect the dielectric spectrum characteristics of the corresponding phase. This port is usually located on the outside of the housing and electrically connected to the common output terminal of the switching module, serving as a unified output for transmitting signals to the tester after phase switching, thereby enabling the switching and multiplexing of each phase test on the same tester interface. In one possible embodiment, the tester input port 20 can be in the form of bolted connection terminals, quick-plug terminals, aviation plugs, or dedicated test sockets. The conductive parts can be made of tin-plated copper, silver-plated copper, or stainless steel crimped parts. The housing insulation material can be made of flame-retardant plastic, epoxy casting material, or insulating ceramic sleeve to meet the mechanical strength and electrical isolation requirements of field testing. The contact area, insertion depth, and mounting hole spacing of the tester input port 20 are usually adapted to the input cable specifications of the frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester. The cross-sectional area of ​​its port conductor is generally not less than the requirements matching the test current and connection reliability, and sufficient safety distance is maintained from adjacent ports.

[0054] It should be noted that the grounding connection port connected to the switching module 30 is an external interface for connecting the grounding conductor. Its function is to establish a grounding-related loop according to a preset method when switching between different phases, so as to form a stable test boundary condition and limit the potential state of the relevant parts. This port is usually connected to the grounding channel of the switching module 30, and together with multiple end-screen connection ports 10 and tester input ports 20, it forms a complete loop, which facilitates the loop reconstruction by disconnecting, connecting or setting ground during the phase switching process. In one possible embodiment, the grounding connection port can adopt a bolt-fit grounding post, alligator clip grounding terminal, plug-in grounding base or grounding busbar connector. The conductive material can be copper, tinned copper or stainless steel composite conductor, and the insulating support material can be epoxy resin, flame-retardant plastic or ceramic insulator. The cross-sectional area and contact surface of the grounding connection port are usually larger than those of ordinary signal terminals to meet the low resistance requirements of the grounding loop. The arrangement distance between it and the edge of the housing and other ports generally meets the bending space and electrical safety requirements of the grounding conductor.

[0055] Furthermore, the switching module 30 refers to the electrical connection switching unit connected between the ground wire connection port, multiple end-screen connection ports 10, and the tester input port 20. Its function is to change the on / off relationship between each phase end-screen connection port 10, the tester input port 20, and the ground wire connection port in a preset sequence under the drive of the control circuit 50, thereby sequentially guiding different phases of the tested equipment into the same test channel and completing the phase commutation action. This module is usually installed inside the housing and connected to each port through internal busbars, wire harnesses, or printed circuits, so that the switching between different channels is completed within the closed structure, reducing external manual intervention. Frequency of disconnection and reconnection; In one possible embodiment, the switching module 30 may be implemented using an electric switch unit, a solid-state switch unit, or other controllable switching unit. The conductive contacts may be copper alloy contacts, silver-nickel alloy contacts, or silver-plated copper contacts. The insulating support may be made of flame-retardant engineering plastics, epoxy resin encapsulation, or composite insulating base. The electrical clearance, creepage distance, and mechanical travel of the internal contacts of the switching module 30 are usually set according to the test voltage level and switching reliability. Its installation dimensions are generally matched with the effective space inside the housing, and the rated current carrying capacity of the switch contacts should cover the actual working conditions during testing and grounding switching.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the switching module 30 includes multiple relays, which are typically mounted on a relay mounting plate inside the switching module 30. These relays are connected to multiple end-screen wiring ports 10, tester input ports 20, and grounding ports via wires, busbars, or PCB (Printed Circuit Board) copper foil. The normally open and normally closed contacts of the relays cooperate to form a circuit structure where one phase is connected to the tester and the remaining phases are grounded. The relays can be general-purpose power relays, sealed high-voltage relays, or miniaturized PCB relays in different implementations. Their materials can be silver alloy contacts with copper coils, silver-nickel contacts with flame-retardant plastic shells, or gold-plated contacts with epoxy potting shells in different implementations. In terms of size and proportion, the dimensions of a single relay are typically matched to the modular layout of the mounting plate. The coil power consumption should correspond to the rated current and voltage of the contacts. The contact spacing and shell insulation thickness are typically set according to the operating voltage level of the tester to ensure sufficient electrical safety margin. In terms of operation, when the system is working, the relay coil is energized or de-energized under the action of the control signal, thereby driving the contacts to complete the on / off switching. Through a preset interlock relationship, the current phase under test is kept conductive at the tester input port 20, while the remaining phases automatically switch to the ground connection port. Alternatively, the relay interlock structure can be replaced by a mechanical interlock switch, a solid-state relay interlock circuit, or a contactor interlock circuit; conduction control can also be implemented by an electronic switch matrix, analog switch chip, or high-voltage semiconductor module. It should be understood that the above example is for demonstration purposes only and is not limiting. The actual number of interlocks, contact combinations, and relay specifications can be adjusted according to the number of phases, withstand voltage rating, and load capacity.

[0057] In one possible embodiment, a switching module 30 composed of multiple relays is configured to perform phase-to-phase switching control around the same set of end-screen connection ports 10, tester input ports 20, and ground connection ports. Each relay corresponds to an access branch of one end-screen connection port 10, the coil is uniformly scheduled by the control circuit, and the contacts are respectively connected to the end-screen connection port 10 and the tester input port 20 or the ground connection port. The so-called preset interlocking relationship means that when any relay is activated to conduct its corresponding end-screen connection port 10 and the tester input port 20, the other relays are in the released state and the corresponding end-screen connection port 10 is switched to the ground connection port, thus forming a topology relationship in which a single test circuit and multiple phase grounding circuits coexist. This structure can avoid multiple phases from simultaneously establishing connections with the tester input port 20, thereby reducing the risk of test circuit crosstalk, misconnection, and phase confusion.

[0058] In this application, the relays can be arranged in a modular manner, preferably mounted on an insulating substrate or metal mounting base, and fixed inside the device housing by screws, clips, or guide rails for easy maintenance and replacement. The common terminal of each relay can be electrically connected to the corresponding end-panel wiring port, the normally open terminal can be electrically connected to the tester input port 20, and the normally closed terminal can be electrically connected to the ground wiring port. Alternatively, equivalent contact combinations can be used according to the control logic to achieve the function of "the phase under test connected to the tester, and the remaining phases grounded." The relay housing can be encapsulated with flame-retardant engineering plastics, glass fiber reinforced nylon, or epoxy resin to improve insulation performance and environmental adaptability. The contact material can be silver-tin oxide alloy, silver-nickel alloy, or silver-plated copper alloy to balance conductivity and arc resistance. The coil conductor can be enameled copper wire with a heat-resistant frame to adapt to continuous switching conditions that may occur during frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing. In terms of size, the length, width and height of the relay can be set to a module size suitable for compact installation according to the number of phases and the arrangement space. A safe distance is maintained between adjacent relays to meet the requirements of creepage distance and electrical clearance. The cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor can be selected according to the test current and control voltage to ensure that the current carrying capacity and temperature rise control meet the requirements.

[0059] When the system starts, the control circuit 50 outputs drive signals to the corresponding relays according to the preset test sequence, causing the relays corresponding to the target to activate and connect the terminal 10 of the phase's end screen to the tester input port 20. Simultaneously, a preset interlock relationship keeps the remaining relays in the released state, and reliably connects the terminal 10 terminals of the remaining phases to the ground connection port. As the test phase changes, the control circuit first releases the current phase relay from its activated state, and then drives the next corresponding relay to operate. The relay contacts complete a rapid and clear switching transfer under electromagnetic force, thus enabling each phase's end screen to form an independent test circuit sequentially. Because the preset interlock relationship limits the connection between only one terminal 10 terminal screen and the tester input port 20 at any given time, while the remaining phases are grounded, it effectively avoids test signal coupling and loop interference caused by multiple phases connected in parallel, and reduces the erroneous potential generated by the floating port through a stable grounding path.

[0060] It is understood that the above structure not only improves the switching consistency and loop safety of multi-phase end-screen rotation testing, but also reduces time loss and wiring errors caused by repeated manual disconnection and reconnection, thereby improving the continuity, reliability, and automation level of the frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing process. It should be understood that the above example is merely illustrative and not limiting; any structure that adopts equivalent relay interlocking logic and achieves the same "single-phase testing, redundant phase grounding" function should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0061] The status detection module 40 is a feedback unit located at the switching module 30, used to detect the actual switching status of the switching module 30 and output a detection signal. Its function is to confirm the closing, opening or positioning of the contacts after switching, so that the control circuit 50 can execute the subsequent commutation logic according to the actual status. This module is usually set to correspond to the moving contacts, switch position components or conduction paths of the switching module 30, and outputs a signal representing the current channel status through electrical connection or non-contact detection method, so that the device can not only act according to the control command, but also confirm the closed loop according to the actual status.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, the state detection module 40 is an auxiliary contact located at the relay contacts in the switching module 30. This auxiliary contact converts the actual conduction state into a switching signal and outputs it to the control circuit 50. The auxiliary contact is typically installed at the corresponding position in the relay contact group and is arranged coaxially or close to the main contacts. It is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control circuit via terminals, ribbon cables, or printed circuit board traces, so as to synchronously output corresponding high / low level, on / off signals, or pulse signals during the closing, opening, or switching of the main contacts. Therefore, when the switching module 30 performs phase-to-phase switching, the auxiliary contact can directly reflect whether the relay is in position, thus providing the control circuit with accurate state feedback and avoiding misjudgments of the switching result based solely on drive commands. Auxiliary contacts can be structurally configured as normally open, normally closed, or changeover auxiliary contacts. In different implementations, the contact material can be silver alloy, gold-plated, or silver-tin oxide, balancing conductivity reliability and contact life. The contact support can be made of flame-retardant engineering plastics, insulating ceramic bases, or fiberglass reinforcement to meet insulation strength and installation stability requirements. Regarding installation, auxiliary contacts are generally fixed to the side, top, or linkage area of ​​the relay body, and synchronized with the main contacts via mechanical linkages, springs, or linkage frames. Their stroke, contact pressure, and rebound characteristics are typically matched to the corresponding main contacts to ensure timely status updates before and after the main contacts close or open, reducing detection lag. In terms of dimensions, the contact gap, spring length, and mounting thickness of the auxiliary contacts can be set according to the relay's rated voltage, current, and control signal level, usually maintaining a proportional coordination with the main contact mechanism's stroke, and the signal terminal spacing meets the insulation requirements of the low-voltage control circuit. It should be understood that the above examples are for demonstration purposes only and are not limiting. The number, arrangement, signal level, and connection method of auxiliary contacts can all be adjusted according to the structure type of the switching module and the commutation control requirements.

[0063] In one possible embodiment, the auxiliary contact can be located near the linkage mechanism of the relay contact group and operate synchronously with the main contact via the same driving component. When the relay coil is energized, and the main contact completes the transition from open to closed or from closed to open, the auxiliary contact simultaneously flips its contact state and outputs a corresponding switching signal to the control circuit 50. The control circuit 50 then determines whether the corresponding end-screen wiring port 10 has truly switched to the predetermined conduction path. If the auxiliary contact feedback signal is consistent with the preset state, the control circuit 50 can determine that the switch is in place and continue to execute the next phase commutation process; if the feedback state is inconsistent with the preset state, it can determine that there is contact adhesion, poor contact, incomplete action, or abnormal wiring, and accordingly stop subsequent testing or issue an alarm.

[0064] Understandably, in this way, the status detection module 40 can not only confirm the actual conduction relationship of the switching module in real time, but also directly convert the mechanical contact state into a stable electrical switching quantity, which is convenient for acquisition and judgment by the microcontroller or other control unit. During its operation, the output signal of the auxiliary contact is highly synchronized with the action of the relay contact, thus significantly improving the reliability of commutation status confirmation, reducing errors caused by relying solely on manual observation or drive commands, and making the phase switching in frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing more continuous, accurate, and repeatable, thereby reducing the probability of repeated wiring and repeated testing, and improving the automation level and overall operational stability of the testing process.

[0065] The control circuit 50 refers to the control unit electrically connected to the switching module 30 and the status detection module 40. Its function is to issue commutation control signals according to the preset test procedure and receive detection signals output by the status detection module to complete the sequential coordination and status determination of the switching module's operation process. This control circuit is usually installed in the circuit board or control compartment inside the housing. It is connected to the switching module and the status detection module through wire harnesses, terminal blocks or connectors, and can further communicate with external test software, control terminals or human-machine interfaces to perform phase switching according to the set test sequence. In one possible embodiment, the control circuit can be implemented by a programmable control unit or a logic control unit. The circuit board substrate can be FR-4 (Flame Retardant 4) epoxy fiberglass board, high-frequency insulating board or metal-based copper-clad board. Peripheral components may include driving devices, isolation devices, sampling devices and status indication units. Its board size is generally smaller than the effective panel size of the mounting cavity to reserve wiring and heat dissipation space. The input and output ports of the control circuit usually correspond one-to-one with the driving end of the switching module and the signal end of the status detection module.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the control circuit 50 includes a microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to parse the commutation control signal and drive the switching module 30 to operate according to a preset commutation sequence; and to acquire the detection signal from the status detection module 40, and output a switching completion signal after confirming that the switching is in place. The control circuit 50 is typically located in the electrical control box or control cavity of the automatic commutation device. The microcontroller can be connected to the commutation control signal interface, the drive terminal of the switching module 30, and the signal terminal of the status detection module 40 through its input and output ports, forming a stable control and feedback closed loop.

[0067] It should be noted that, in order to meet the working requirements of multi-phase end-screen switching during frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, the microcontroller program is pre-written with corresponding switching timing, preset interlocking relationships and confirmation conditions. When the commutation control signal is detected, a switching action command is first issued, and then the detection signal output by the status detection module 40 is collected within the set time window. Only when the detection signal indicates that the switching module has completed the switching of the target phase conduction and the non-target phase disconnection or grounding state will the microcontroller output a switching completion signal so that the tester or the upper control software can continue to execute the subsequent measurement process. In different possible implementations, the microcontroller can be an STM32 (STMicroelectronics 32-bit Microcontroller) series microcontroller, an AVR (Alf and Vegard's RISC Processor) series microcontroller, or an ESP32 (Espressif 32-bit Microcontroller) type embedded control chip. It can also be replaced with a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), an industrial microprocessor, an embedded ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) control board, or a programmable logic device. Its peripheral circuit can use a PCB substrate made of FR-4 fiberglass board, copper-clad laminate, or high-voltage insulating board, and work with industrial-grade resistors and capacitors, optocouplers, and driver chips to achieve electrical isolation and reliable driving with the switching module 30. In terms of size and proportion, the external dimensions of the control board are typically determined based on the internal installation space and terminal arrangement of the housing. The number of I / O pins of the microcontroller should be compatible with the number of control loops and status detection channels of the switching module 30. The drive output capability should be greater than the pull-in current of the relay coil or other switching actuators, with a certain margin reserved to ensure continuous operational stability in high-voltage testing environments. It should be understood that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting. The microcontroller model, program structure, interface level, and installation method can all be adjusted according to the actual system complexity and field usage conditions.

[0068] When the system starts, the microcontroller first enters a standby listening state and receives commutation control signals from the control terminal or test software. When it detects that a phase switch is required, the microcontroller outputs drive commands according to the preset commutation sequence, causing the relevant relays or other switching units in the switching module 30 to operate sequentially. During the operation, it simultaneously reads the feedback signal from the status detection module 40 to determine whether the current conduction relationship has switched from the previous phase to the target corresponding state. If the detection signal indicates that the switching module 30 has completed the switch at the predetermined position, the microcontroller outputs a switch completion signal, allowing the frequency domain dielectric spectrum analyzer to enter the next measurement or data acquisition process. If the detection signal does not meet the predetermined conditions, the microcontroller can maintain a waiting state, repeat sampling, or issue a correction control command to avoid entering the test state prematurely before the switch is completed. This control method, which uses a microcontroller to uniformly analyze commutation control signals, drive the switching module 30, and confirm the status detection results, enables continuous connection between commutation actions and the testing process. This reduces waiting time and wiring errors caused by manual judgment and intervention, improves the automation level of multi-phase end-screen rotation testing, and reduces test deviations caused by incomplete switching, inconsistent states, or asynchronous responses. Based on the above analysis, this scheme can improve test continuity and system coordination capabilities while ensuring switching reliability, thus providing a more stable control foundation for phase-by-phase measurements in frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing.

[0069] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the automatic phase-commutation device in this application further includes a manual switch 60. This manual switch 60 is connected in series within the main test circuit between multiple end-screen wiring ports 10 and the tester input port 20, enabling it to directly control the circuit's on / off state and cooperate with the switching module 30 to select and switch the phase to be tested. In one possible embodiment, the manual switch 60 is located on the device's operation panel or installed near the switching module 30 for easy observation and operation by the operator, and to facilitate the formation of a linkage interface with the control circuit. In automatic mode, the manual switch 60 is in a state where the control circuit 50 or relay group is allowed to perform phase-commutation actions according to a preset sequence. In manual mode, the manual switch 60 is manually operated by rotating, tossing, or pressing to change the corresponding conduction path of the phase to be tested, thereby switching the current test circuit to the specified phase. The manual changeover switch 60 can take various forms, including rotary multi-position switches, DIP switch type changeover switches, key-locked selector switches, push-button selector switches, or double-pole double-throw manual switching mechanisms. Rotary multi-position switches are typically suitable for multi-phase selection scenarios, DIP switch type changeover switches facilitate quick position positioning, and key-locked selector switches help prevent accidental operation. In one possible implementation, its contact components can use copper alloy conductive sheets with a flame-retardant plastic shell, silver contacts with an insulating resin shell, or silver-plated contacts with a metal operating handle and an engineering plastic base, to balance conductivity reliability, mechanical strength, and insulation safety. In terms of size and proportion, the number of positions on the manual changeover switch 60 is usually matched to the number of phases under test in the device under test. The rated voltage and rated current of the switch should not be lower than the operating parameters of the test circuit and should have a safety margin. Its operating stroke, position angle, and contact pressure should meet the requirements of stable switching and reliable contact. For example, the position angle can be set to a fixed equal division angle, the contact stroke can be set to a range that ensures complete contact closure or closure, and the overall dimensions can be configured according to the panel mounting space and insulation spacing requirements. It should be understood that the above examples are for demonstration purposes only and are not limiting. The structure, installation location, gear settings, and material selection of manual changeover switches can all be adjusted according to on-site application conditions, operating habits, and safety regulations.

[0070] When the system starts up, if the manual switch 60 is in automatic mode, the control circuit 50 can drive the switching module to work according to the preset commutation sequence, forming corresponding test loops between multiple end-screen wiring ports 10, the tester input port 20, and the ground wire wiring port. When manual intervention is required, the manual switch 60 can be switched to manual mode. In this mode, by rotating, tossing, or pressing the switch, the corresponding conduction path for the target phase to be tested is established, and the phase to be tested is connected to the tester input port 20, while other phases remain in the specified grounded or disconnected state, thus completing the manual selection of the phase to be tested. During this process, the manual switch 60, because it is connected in series in the main test loop, can directly affect the connection relationship between the end-screen wiring ports 10 and the tester input port 20. In conjunction with the switching module 30 and the status detection module 40, the commutation process can be doubly confirmed, avoiding test interruptions or test errors caused by abnormal automatic control, inconsistent wiring status, or inadequate manual switching. Based on the above-described operation process, it can be seen that this device maintains automatic testing efficiency while also considering the convenience of on-site debugging, maintenance, and emergency use, and improves the reliability of phase selection and the continuity of the testing process. It should be understood that the above example is merely illustrative and not limiting; the specific structure, control method, and cooperation relationship with other components of the manual switch can be varied accordingly without departing from the technical concept of this application.

[0071] The automatic phase-switching device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in this application firstly connects multiple end-screen wiring ports to the end-screen leads of each phase of the device under test during frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing. This allows the end-screen signals of each phase to be pre-connected to the device, eliminating the need for repeated manual disconnection and reconnection during testing and providing a unified access basis for subsequent automatic switching tests. Simultaneously, the tester input port connects to the frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester to establish a signal transmission channel between the device and the tester, ensuring stable transmission of the end-screen signal of the currently selected phase to the tester for dielectric spectrum data acquisition. Subsequently, the control circuit sends switching control commands to the switching module according to a preset test procedure, driving the switching module to sequentially switch the on / off relationships between the end-screen wiring ports of each phase and the tester input port and ground wiring port. This automatically connects the phase under test to the tester to complete the dielectric spectrum test, while the remaining phases remain in a preset grounded or disconnected state. This achieves automatic rotation of the test objects for each phase, avoiding wiring errors and test interruptions caused by manual switching, and improving test efficiency and consistency. During the switching process, the status detection module located at the switching module monitors the actual conduction status of each switch contact or switching unit in real time and generates corresponding detection signals to feed back to the control circuit. This allows the control circuit to compare and verify the actual switching status with the target switching status. When issues such as incomplete switching, contact sticking, malfunction, or abnormal switching are detected, the control circuit can promptly stop subsequent test procedures or re-execute the switching operation and output corresponding error messages. This ensures that the test loop is always in the correct connection state, avoiding test data distortion or incorrect equipment wiring due to switching abnormalities. By combining the automatic control of the switching module by the control circuit with the closed-loop feedback of the status detection module, automatic switching, status confirmation, and abnormal monitoring of the end-screen test process for each phase are achieved. This not only effectively reduces manual operation and improves the automation level and testing efficiency of frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, but also ensures the accuracy and reliability of the test connection status of each phase, further enhancing the stability, repeatability, and overall test safety of the test results.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic commutation method for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in an embodiment of this application; the method includes:

[0073] S201. Use image recognition technology to identify image information in the test software and determine whether the current phase test has ended.

[0074] It should be understood that the image recognition technology in this step is used to identify the image information in the test software to determine whether the current phase test is completed. The test software is used to carry out the frequency domain dielectric spectrum test process, display the current phase test status, and accept parameter configuration and test start control. In this application, the test software interface serves as the status recognition object and the subsequent automatic control object; the image information is the collectable display content in the running interface of the test software, which at least includes the interface information capable of representing the current test status.

[0075] In this application, the subject executing the method may be a control terminal arranged in supporting with the frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester. The control terminal is an industrial computer, a portable computer, or a dedicated controller with graphical interface collection capability. The control terminal runs the test software and simultaneously runs a monitoring program. The monitoring program performs image collection, recognition and analysis on the test software interface, and judges whether the current phase test is completed according to the recognition result. It can be known from the above analysis that, through the recognition of the image information in the test software, this step establishes a test completion determination link that does not rely on the software open interface, enables the control terminal to capture the end time of the current phase test, and uses it as the starting condition for the subsequent phase switching action, so that the running state of the test software corresponds to the execution timing of the automatic phase switching device.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner, the image information of the pre-designed timing area in the test software interface is first acquired; then the image information is preprocessed, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is used to recognize the countdown data in the timing area; then the recognized countdown data is matched with the preset end state; finally, when the matching result meets the preset condition, it is determined that the current phase test is completed.

[0077] In specific implementation, the system periodically takes screenshots of the test software interface through the control terminal, intercepts the image information corresponding to the timing area according to the preset coordinates, inputs the image information into the image processing module for grayscaling, binarization and denoising processing, so as to separate the character outline from the background area, and then inputs the processed image into the OCR recognition engine to extract numeric characters. The OCR recognition engine may adopt a recognition method based on template matching, or a character recognition model based on deep learning. The former facilitates rapid recognition when the timing font is fixed, and the latter is suitable for scenarios where the character style has slight changes. In practical applications, the OCR recognition engine may also select other types, which is not limited in this application.

[0078] After the OCR recognition outputs the remaining time value, the system compares this value with the preset end state. If the recognition result is "00:00" or meets the preset zeroing threshold, the system outputs a test end signal for the current phase. This end signal can be further used as the trigger for subsequent commutation control, enabling the test terminal to promptly confirm that the current phase test has been completed based on the actual timing status in the software interface.

[0079] After adopting the above method, the test end status is directly represented by the timing information in the test software interface and automatically determined by image recognition. There is no need to manually read the time display. This ensures that the confirmation process of the end of the current phase test is consistent with the status displayed by the software, reduces misjudgment of status, and provides a stable basis for judgment for subsequent phase switching and the connection of the next phase test.

[0080] S202. When it is determined that the current phase test has ended, a trigger signal is sent to the automatic phase commutation device.

[0081] The automatic commutation device in this step is used to receive the trigger signal and perform commutation after the current phase test is completed. The trigger signal is sent to the automatic commutation device when it is determined that the current phase test is over, as a control command to start the commutation action. Specifically, it can be generated by the monitoring program based on the image recognition result and transmitted to the automatic commutation device through the communication interface or level output interface to drive it to perform the switching.

[0082] In this application, after the control terminal outputs the test completion determination result in S201, it enters the trigger transmission process. To prevent repeated triggering after the identification is completed, the monitoring program can record the current completion status and enter the waiting commutation feedback state after sending the trigger signal. Subsequently, the control terminal generates and sends a trigger signal according to the connection method with the automatic commutation device, so that the automatic commutation device can perform commutation. Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that this step transforms the test completion identification result into actual control instructions for the automatic commutation device, enabling the hardware-side phase switching process to be connected after the software-side test process is completed.

[0083] S203. Receive commutation completion information from the automatic commutation device.

[0084] The commutation completion information in this step indicates that the automatic commutation device has completed the phase switching and is sent back to the control terminal as the basis for continuing execution. Specifically, it is implemented as a status feedback signal after the hardware switching is completed.

[0085] In this application, after receiving a trigger signal and completing commutation, the automatic commutation device sends commutation completion information to the control terminal. Upon receiving the commutation completion information, the control terminal parses and verifies the feedback content, using it as the basis for proceeding to subsequent software control steps. Based on the above analysis, this step, by feeding back the commutation result of the automatic commutation device to the control terminal, ensures that subsequent parameter configuration and test initiation are based on the completed commutation, avoiding the need to advance the test process solely based on the trigger transmission process. This ensures that the software actions and hardware connection status remain consistent during multi-phase rotation testing.

[0086] S204. Based on the commutation completion information, control the test software to complete the parameter configuration and test start of the next phase to be tested.

[0087] The parameter configuration in this step is used to set the test conditions for the test software before the next phase under test begins. Specifically, it is implemented by controlling the phase under test and the test parameters based on the phase commutation completion information. The test start is used to start the test process for the next phase under test after the parameter configuration is completed. The test software is the controlled object in this step.

[0088] In this application, after confirming the validity of the commutation completion information, the control terminal controls the test software to complete the parameter configuration for the next phase under test, and then starts the test for the next phase under test after the parameter configuration is completed. To ensure that the control process is consistent with the software state, the control terminal can perform corresponding control based on the test software interface state when executing parameter configuration and test start, and confirm that the test software enters the running state of the next phase under test after start. Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that this step, by configuring and starting the test software according to the commutation completion information, establishes a linkage relationship between the test software and the automatic commutation hardware, thereby enabling the continuous completion of multi-phase end-screen sequential testing.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the selection of the phase under test, configuration of test parameters, and start-up of the test are completed by simulating mouse click operations and / or keyboard input operations according to a preset automated task sequence.

[0090] In practical implementation, after receiving the commutation completion information, the control terminal first reads the preset task data corresponding to the current test and calls the automated control module accordingly. The automated control module can be implemented using a script program based on interface coordinate positioning. The script program pre-binds the control positions, control names, and input content of the test software window. When the interface state matches the preset conditions, mouse click events and keyboard input events are executed sequentially according to the task sequence. For scenarios requiring phase selection from a list, the control terminal simulates clicking the phase label or drop-down menu in the test software to select the phase to be tested. For scenarios requiring input of test conditions, parameters are written into the corresponding edit box by simulating keyboard input, and then the parameters are submitted by clicking the confirmation area with the mouse. After confirming that the parameters are effective, the start button is simulated to issue a test start command. If the test software supports shortcut key control, some mouse operations can also be replaced with keyboard shortcut input in the automated task sequence to shorten the interface response time. In practical applications, other models or implementation methods of the automated control module can also be selected, which is not limited in this application.

[0091] This method uses commutation completion information as the trigger for software control, establishing a linkage between the hardware commutation status and software parameter configuration and startup actions. This allows for automatic interface selection, parameter entry, and test initiation after the phase under test is switched. Because the automated task sequence pre-defines the control operation order, the test software can continuously execute according to the predetermined interface actions after phase switching, reducing manual intervention and improving the consistency of phase testing connections.

[0092] After adopting the above implementation method, the commutation completion information can directly drive the test software to enter the test state of the next phase to be tested. The test parameter configuration and start-up process are completed automatically by the program, which reduces the probability of errors caused by manual clicks and inputs, and keeps the control rhythm of the multi-phase rotation test process continuous and consistent.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0094] During the testing process, the running status of the testing software is continuously monitored; when an abnormal pause is detected in the testing software, an alarm message is output, and the current test progress and completed test data are recorded; afterwards, after the abnormality is resolved, the test process of the current phase under test is continued according to the recorded test progress.

[0095] In practical implementation, the software monitoring module can establish a connection with the test software interface in the control terminal, collect interface status information at preset time intervals, and compare the collected results with normal operating characteristics. When no change is detected in the interface and the timing information remains unchanged for multiple consecutive collection cycles, it is determined to be an abnormal pause. At this time, the control terminal immediately outputs alarm information and writes the current phase, current test frequency number, completed frequency data, and current parameter configuration status to local storage or database to form a recoverable status record. After the anomaly is cleared, the operator or the system automatic recovery unit confirms that the test software has re-entered a responsive state, then reads the recorded test progress, and continues to initiate test commands from the phase under test and the frequency to be executed at the time of interruption, thereby enabling the test process of the current phase under test to continue.

[0096] This implementation method continuously monitors the running status of the test software and retains the progress and completed data when abnormally paused. This allows the test to resume accurately at the interruption position based on the recorded status after an interruption, avoiding repeated configuration of parameters or repeated collection of completed content, and maintaining the continuity and data integrity of each phase of the test.

[0097] Based on the above analysis, this application provides an automatic phase commutation method for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing. This method includes identifying image information in the test software using image recognition technology to determine whether the current phase test has ended; when the current phase test is determined to be finished, a trigger signal is sent to the automatic phase commutation device; phase completion information is received from the automatic phase commutation device; and the test software is controlled to complete the parameter configuration and test startup of the next phase under test based on the phase completion information. In this application, the control terminal uses the test software interface image as the basis for state determination, obtains the end time of the current phase test without changing the internal structure of the existing test software, and converts this time into trigger control for the automatic phase commutation device; after completing the phase commutation, the automatic phase commutation device outputs phase completion information, and the control terminal then uses this information to execute the parameter configuration and startup operation of the next phase under test in the test software, thus forming a continuous process of "software end recognition—hardware phase commutation—state feedback—software startup". Therefore, the phase switching and test process connection during multi-phase end-screen rotation testing are based on actual state confirmation, and the collaborative relationship between the test software and the phase commutation hardware is realized. It should be understood that the above example is only for demonstration and not a limitation.

[0098] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 , Figure 2Based on the embodiments, the specific implementation method of automatic commutation testing is described in detail. The automatic commutation device in this application is an automatic commutation module (i.e., the hardware part), and the automatic commutation method is a monitoring and triggering module (i.e., the host computer software part). The automatic commutation module is installed between the FDS tester and the device under test, and its core components are integrated on an insulating base. The monitoring and triggering module runs in the host computer and interacts with the automatic commutation module through a trigger signal receiving terminal.

[0099] like Figure 3 As shown, the automatic phase-commutation device is integrated onto an insulating base made of epoxy resin, which supports the various components of the device and provides high-voltage insulation. The device is divided into six functional areas: a terminal block area, a gear switching area, a switching matrix area, a control circuit area, a manual selector switch, and a ground terminal block area. These functional areas are rationally arranged on the insulating base to shorten signal transmission paths, reduce electromagnetic interference, and ensure sufficient safe distance between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage control side.

[0100] The terminal block area is located on the left side of the insulating base and includes multiple end-screen wiring ports and an FDS tester input port (i.e., the tester's input port). There are four sets of end-screen wiring ports, labeled End-screen Terminal A, End-screen Terminal B, End-screen Terminal C, and End-screen Terminal O, used to connect the end-screen leads of phases A, B, and C of the device under test, as well as the neutral point O terminal. The FDS tester input port is located at the bottom of the terminal block area and is used to connect the measurement input cable of the FDS tester via a shielded cable. All terminals adopt a high-voltage terminal structure with sufficient electrical clearance and creepage distance to meet the insulation safety requirements under FDS test voltage. Figure 2 As can be seen, the lead wires of each phase end screen of the device under test are introduced into the corresponding ports of the terminal block area, while the FDS tester is connected to the device through the Input port. The entire test circuit starts from the end screen of the device under test, enters the switching matrix through the terminal block area, and is then output to the FDS tester through the Input port.

[0101] The switching matrix area is located in the central region of the insulating base and consists of multiple relays connected according to a preset interlocking relationship. The switching matrix is ​​connected to each terminal block of the terminal block area, the FDS tester input port, and the ground terminal block. The switching matrix (switching module) is controlled by drive control signals from the control circuit area, performing on / off switching between the terminal blocks of each phase and the FDS tester input port and ground terminal block. Figure 3In this system, the connection between the switching matrix and each end-screen terminal is as follows: each end-screen terminal is connected to the FDS tester's input port and ground terminal via a set of relay contacts in the switching matrix, thereby achieving independent control of each phase signal path. The relays in the switching matrix are selected to meet the withstand voltage requirements under the FDS test voltage, and the contact resistance is less than 50mΩ to ensure signal transmission quality. The switching matrix employs a hardware interlock structure. By connecting the auxiliary contacts of each relay in series to the control circuit of other relay coils, it ensures that at any given time, at most one end-screen terminal is connected to the FDS tester's input port, while the remaining end-screen terminals are connected to the ground terminal. The specific connection method for this interlock structure is as follows: the normally closed auxiliary contact of the relay corresponding to end-screen terminal A is connected in series in the coil power supply circuit of the relay corresponding to end-screen terminal B; the normally closed auxiliary contact of the relay corresponding to end-screen terminal B is connected in series in the coil power supply circuit of the relay corresponding to end-screen terminal C, and so on, forming a cyclic interlock. When a relay in one phase is engaged, its normally closed auxiliary contact opens, cutting off the power supply circuit to the next phase relay. This ensures, from a hardware perspective, that at most one relay can be engaged at any given time, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of multiple relays conducting simultaneously. Furthermore, the switching matrix also achieves linkage with the monitoring trigger module (host computer) through the control circuit area, receiving trigger signals from the monitoring trigger module and sending feedback signals back to the monitoring trigger module through the trigger signal receiving terminal after the switching is completed.

[0102] The control circuit area is located in the lower right region of the insulating base, with a microcontroller control circuit at its core. It is arranged adjacent to the switching matrix area to shorten the transmission path of the drive signal and improve anti-interference capability. The microcontroller control circuit is connected to the coil terminals of each relay in the switching matrix via drive lines. It is responsible for parsing the commutation control signals input via the trigger signal receiving terminal and outputting drive control signals according to the preset commutation sequence to drive the corresponding relays in the switching matrix. Simultaneously, the microcontroller control circuit is connected to position feedback sensors located at the relay contacts in the switching matrix via signal acquisition lines to collect the detection signals returned by the position feedback sensors. Specifically, the position feedback sensors are auxiliary contacts located at each relay contact in the switching matrix. When the main relay contact is engaged or disengaged, the auxiliary contacts operate synchronously, converting the actual conduction state into a switching signal (high / low level) and transmitting it to the microcontroller control circuit. The microcontroller control circuit compares the actual state of each channel with the preset target state to confirm whether the switching is complete. After confirming the switch is complete, it outputs a switching completion signal through the trigger signal receiving terminal. In addition, the control circuit area is also electrically connected to the manual switch in the gear shifting area. The control of the switching matrix is ​​determined according to whether the manual switch is in automatic or manual mode. In automatic mode, the switching matrix is ​​controlled by the microcontroller control circuit. In manual mode, the manual switch directly bypasses the switching matrix and forces a specific phase to be turned on.

[0103] The manual selector switch is located in the upper right area of ​​the insulated base. It is a four-position rotary switch with multiple positions: "Auto," "A," "B," "C," and "O." Figure 3As can be seen from the connection relationship, the manual switch is connected in series in the circuit between the terminal block of the end screen and the input port of the FDS tester—its input terminal is connected to the lead wires of each terminal block of the end screen, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching matrix and the input port of the FDS tester, respectively. When the manual switch is in the "automatic" position, the device is in automatic phase-switching mode. All phase signals are sent to the switching matrix after passing through the manual switch. The control circuit automatically controls the switching matrix according to the phase-switching control signal of the monitoring trigger module, completing the selective switching between each phase terminal block of the end screen and the input port of the FDS tester and the ground terminal. When the manual switch is in any phase position (such as "phase A"), the terminal block of that phase is directly connected to the input port of the FDS tester through the internal mechanical contacts of the manual switch. At the same time, the terminal blocks of the other phases are directly connected to the ground terminal through the internal mechanical contacts of the manual switch, completely bypassing the switching matrix. At this time, the switching matrix is ​​electrically bypassed by the manual switch, and even if the control circuit continues to output drive control signals, it will not affect the actual signal path state. This "manual direct connection" channel and the "automatic switching" channel are electrically connected in parallel for redundancy. The manual channel has the highest priority and can be directly taken over by the operator in case of control circuit failure or emergency conditions.

[0104] The grounding terminal is located in the lower left area of ​​the insulating base and is connected to a reliable grounding point via a single-ended alligator clip. Figure 3 As can be seen from the connection relationship, the ground terminal is simultaneously connected to one contact of each group of relays in the switching matrix. Specifically, the lead wire of each end screen terminal is connected to the ground terminal through the normally closed contact of a relay. When a phase is not selected as the phase to be tested, its corresponding relay is in the open state, the normally closed contact is closed, and the end screen of that phase is reliably grounded through the ground terminal, avoiding the safety hazards caused by the floating open circuit of the end screen. When a phase relay is energized, its normally closed contact opens, the connection between the end screen of that phase and the ground wire is cut off, and at the same time the normally open contact closes, and the end screen of that phase is connected to the input port of the FDS tester.

[0105] The trigger signal receiving terminal is located on one side of the control circuit area, and establishes a bidirectional signal connection with the monitoring trigger module (host computer) via a male-to-male data line interface. Figure 3As can be seen, one end of the trigger signal receiving terminal is connected to the signal input / output interface of the microcontroller control circuit, and the other end is connected to the monitoring trigger module via a data line. The trigger signal / feedback signal is transmitted bidirectionally along the same data line—the downlink transmits the commutation control signal (level signal), and the uplink transmits the switching completion signal. Specifically, when the monitoring trigger module determines that the current phase test has ended, it sends the commutation control signal to the microcontroller control circuit through this interface; after the microcontroller control circuit executes the switching and confirms its completion, it returns the switching completion signal to the monitoring trigger module through the same interface, realizing closed-loop interaction.

[0106] The position feedback sensor is built into each relay of the switching matrix, specifically as an auxiliary contact of the relay. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the position feedback sensor is connected to the microcontroller control circuit in the control circuit area via a signal acquisition line. When the switching matrix performs a commutation operation, the position feedback sensor synchronously detects the actual conduction state of each relay contact and feeds back the status signal (switching quantity) to the microcontroller control circuit, which then confirms the switching state.

[0107] The overall working principle of the automatic phase-switching device is as follows: Leads from the end screens of each phase of the device under test are connected to terminals A, B, C, and O of the end screen in the terminal block area. In automatic mode, the manual switch is set to the "automatic" position, and the signals of each phase are sent to the switching matrix via the manual switch. When the monitoring trigger module (host computer) determines that the current phase test is complete and sends a phase-switching control signal, the trigger signal is sent to the microcontroller control circuit via the trigger signal receiving terminal. The microcontroller analyzes the signal and drives the corresponding relay in the switching matrix to operate—disconnecting the current phase from the FDS tester's Input port and switching it to the ground terminal, while simultaneously connecting the next device under test to the FDS tester's Input port and disconnecting it from the ground terminal. The position feedback sensor detects the actual switching status of the switching matrix in real time and feeds it back to the microcontroller control circuit. After confirming the switch is in place, the microcontroller sends a switching completion signal back to the monitoring trigger module via the trigger signal receiving terminal. In manual mode, the operator directly rotates the manual switch to the target phase position. The signal of that phase is directly connected to the input port of the FDS tester via the manual switch, while the signals of the other phases are directly connected to the ground terminal, completely detached from the automatic control of the control circuit.

[0108] In the above structural design, the layout of each functional area is clear and the signal flow is well-defined. The lead-out line of the test device's last screen enters the terminal area from the left side, and after being selected by the manual switch and switching matrix, it is output from the FDS tester's Input port to the FDS tester. The control signal is sent from the monitoring trigger module to the control circuit area via the trigger signal receiving terminal to drive the switching matrix. The status signal returns from the position feedback sensor to the control circuit area via the signal acquisition line, and then is transmitted back to the monitoring trigger module via the trigger signal receiving terminal. The grounding terminal provides a unified grounding loop for all non-test phase last screens. The entire device forms two complete signal links on the insulated base: "signal input, switching selection, signal output" and "trigger reception, drive control, status acquisition, feedback output," providing a reliable hardware platform for FDS automatic commutation.

[0109] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 70 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 701 and a memory 702. Optionally, the device 70 further includes a communication component 703. The processor 701, memory 702, and communication component 703 are connected via a bus 704.

[0110] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 701 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 702, causing at least one processor 701 to perform the above-described method.

[0111] The specific implementation process of processor 701 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0112] This electronic device can serve as a control terminal, embedded controller, or host computer in a frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing system. The memory stores program instructions corresponding to automatic commutation control, status detection and acquisition, test process linkage, and anomaly handling. After the processor calls and executes the instructions, it can control the switching between multiple end-screen connection ports and the tester input port and ground connection port in a preset sequence. It also detects, judges, and provides feedback on the actual status after switching, thus enabling the hardware commutation process and the test software process to work in synergy. This reduces the time consumption and error risks associated with manual disconnection and phase identification, thereby improving the continuity and automation of end-screen rotation testing for each phase. Simultaneously, the processor can confirm whether the switching is in place based on the detection results and trigger retry, alarms, or process pauses in case of an anomaly. Therefore, it can promptly detect problems such as poor contact, incomplete switching, or inconsistent states, making the test circuit more reliable, the test results more stable, and shortening the overall test cycle.

[0113] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0114] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0115] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0116] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0117] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0118] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0119] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0120] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0121] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0122] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0123] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0124] Based on the above disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that the computer-readable storage medium and its related implementation methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific hardware or logical partitioning forms described above. In actual product or system deployments, computer execution instructions can be encapsulated in different software distribution packages or firmware modules and distributed via networks, optical discs, or mobile storage devices. When computer execution instructions are loaded and executed by one or more processors, in addition to implementing the aforementioned method steps, hardware resource configurations can be automatically identified according to specific application scenarios, and thread priorities or memory allocation strategies can be dynamically adjusted to optimize execution efficiency without manual intervention. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium can also be integrated into IoT terminals, edge computing nodes, or cloud servers to form a distributed instruction storage and collaborative execution system to meet differentiated needs such as high concurrency, low latency, or data privacy protection.

[0125] Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the logical functions corresponding to the methods, units, modules, and storage media in this application, without departing from the core idea of ​​this invention, allow developers to make equivalent refactoring, renaming, or re-division based on specific programming languages ​​(such as C++, Java, Python, etc.) or framework characteristics. For example, the functions of multiple "units" can be merged into a single service process, or message queues or pipe communication can be used instead of direct function calls. Even if these implementation details are not completely the same as the foregoing embodiments, as long as they ultimately achieve the same technical effect and no creative effort is required, they should all be considered to fall within the protection scope of this invention. Similarly, any intermediate data processing forms, exception handling mechanisms, or logging methods embodied in the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium when executed are also derivative technologies of this invention and should not be construed as substantial limitations on the original solution.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. An automatic commutation device for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, characterized in that, include: Multiple end-screen wiring ports are used to connect the end-screen lead-out line of the corresponding phase of the device under test; The tester input port is used to connect to a frequency domain dielectric spectrum analyzer; A switching module is connected between the ground wire connection port, the plurality of end screen connection ports and the tester input port, and is used to switch the on / off state of each phase end screen lead wire connection port, the tester input port and the ground wire connection port in a preset order. A status detection module is installed at the switching module to detect the actual switching status of the switching module and output a detection signal. A control circuit, connected to the switching module and the status detection module, is used to control the switching module and acquire the detection signal of the status detection module.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes multiple relays, which are connected according to a preset interlocking relationship so that at any given time only one end-screen wiring port is connected to the input port of the tester, while the end-screen wiring ports of the other phases are connected to the ground wiring port.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit includes a microcontroller, which is used to parse the commutation control signal and drive the switching module to operate according to the preset commutation sequence; and to collect the detection signal of the status detection module and output a switching completion signal after confirming that the switching is in place.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status detection module is an auxiliary contact located at the relay contact in the switching module, used to convert the actual conduction state into a switching signal and output it to the control circuit.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a manual switch, which is connected in series in the circuit of the plurality of end screen wiring ports and the tester input port; The manual switch has an automatic mode and a manual mode. In manual mode, it is used to manually select the phase to be tested.

6. An automatic commutation method for frequency domain dielectric spectrum testing, characterized in that, include: Image recognition technology is used to identify image information in the testing software to determine whether the current phase test has ended. When it is determined that the current phase test has ended, a trigger signal is sent to the automatic phase commutation device, wherein the automatic phase commutation device is the device described in any one of claims 1 to 5 above. Receive commutation completion information fed back by the automatic commutation device; Based on the commutation completion information, the test software is controlled to complete the parameter configuration and test start of the next phase to be tested.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of identifying image information in the testing software using image recognition technology to determine whether the current phase test has ended includes: Acquire image information of the preset timing area in the test software interface; The image information is preprocessed, and optical character recognition (OCR) technology is used to identify the countdown data in the timing area; The countdown data obtained from the identification is matched with the preset end state; When the matching result meets the preset conditions, the current phase test is considered to have ended.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of controlling the test software to complete the parameter configuration and test start of the next phase under test based on the commutation completion information includes: Following a preset automated task sequence, the system simulates mouse clicks and / or keyboard input to complete the selection of the phase under test, configuration of test parameters, and test initiation.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The running status of the testing software is continuously monitored during the testing process; When an abnormal pause is detected in the testing software, an alarm message is output, and the current test progress and completed test data are recorded. After the anomaly is resolved, the test process for the current phase under test continues according to the recorded test progress.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 6-9.

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