Near-eye display device

Abstract

The present application provides a near-eye display device, comprising a first optical adjustment structure, a second optical adjustment structure and a light emitting structure. The second optical adjustment structure overlaps the first optical adjustment structure. The light emitting structure is located between the first optical adjustment structure and the second optical adjustment structure, wherein the light emitting structure comprises a plurality of pixels forming a pixel array, and the light emitting structure further comprises at least one active element to drive at least one of the plurality of pixels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an electronic device, and more particularly to a near-eye display device. Background Technology

[0002] The development of head-mounted display devices has gradually matured, but there is still room for adjustment / improvement. For example, the feasibility of timely detection of changes in the external environment, reducing the size of the device, and improving the vertices accommodation conflict (VAC) are all important aspects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a near-eye display device that helps to improve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a near-eye display device includes a first optical adjustment structure, a second optical adjustment structure, and a light-emitting structure. The second optical adjustment structure overlaps with the first optical adjustment structure. The light-emitting structure is located between the first and second optical adjustment structures, wherein the light-emitting structure includes a plurality of pixels forming a pixel array, and the light-emitting structure further includes at least one active element to drive at least one of the plurality of pixels.

[0005] To make the above-described features and advantages of this disclosure more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0007] Figures 2A to 2D This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a method for manufacturing a near-eye display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0009] Figure 4 This is a partial top view schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure and a second optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 5 This is another partial top view schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure and a second optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the driving waveform of a near-eye display device in augmented reality mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element references are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0014] Throughout this specification and the appended claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same elements. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "containing" and "comprising" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...".

[0015] The directional terms used herein, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are for reference only when referring to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are illustrative and not intended to limit this disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, each figure illustrates general features of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in specific embodiments. However, these figures should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and positions of various films, regions, and / or structures may be reduced or enlarged.

[0016] In this disclosure, a structure (or layer, element, substrate) located on / above another structure (or layer, element, substrate) can refer to the two structures being adjacent and directly connected, or to the two structures being adjacent but not directly connected. Indirect connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate spacer) between the two structures, with the lower surface of one structure adjacent to or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure adjacent to or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single or multiple solid or non-solid structure, without limitation. In this disclosure, when a structure is positioned "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is "directly" on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" on the other structure, meaning that at least one structure is sandwiched between the structure and the other structures.

[0017] The terms “approximately,” “substantially,” or “roughly” are generally interpreted as being within 10% of a given value or range, or within 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of a given value or range. Furthermore, the terms “range from the first value to the second value” or “range between the first value and the second value” indicate that the range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​in between.

[0018] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first," "second," etc., to modify elements, do not in themselves imply or represent any prior ordinal number of that element (or those elements), nor do they represent the order of one element with another, or the order of manufacturing processes. The use of these ordinal numbers is solely to clearly distinguish one named element from another element with the same name. The claims and specification may not use the same terminology; therefore, a first element in the specification may be a second element in the claims.

[0019] The electrical connections or couplings described in this disclosure can refer to direct connections or indirect connections. In the case of a direct connection, the endpoints of the components in two circuits are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment. In the case of an indirect connection, there is a switch, diode, capacitor, inductor, resistor, other suitable components, or combinations of the above components between the endpoints of the components in two circuits, but not limited thereto.

[0020] In this disclosure, the thickness, length, and width can be measured using an optical microscope (OM), while the thickness or width can be measured from a cross-sectional image in an electron microscope, but are not limited thereto. Furthermore, any two values ​​or directions used for comparison may have a certain degree of error. Additionally, the terms "given range is from a first value to a second value," "given range falls within the range of the first value to the second value," or "given range is between the first value and the second value" indicate that the given range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​between them. If the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be between 80 degrees and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It is understood that such terms, for example, as defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant art and the background or context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0022] In this disclosure, electronic devices may include, but are not limited to, light-emitting devices, display devices, automated equipment, clamping devices, computing devices, mechanical equipment, drug dispensing equipment, exposure devices, printing devices, 3D printing devices, automotive devices, image-capturing devices, assembly devices, backlight devices, antenna devices, packaging devices, sensing devices, or splicing devices. Electronic devices may be bendable or flexible. Display devices may be non-self-emissive or self-emissive. Display devices may include, for example, liquid crystals, light-emitting diodes, fluorescent, phosphorescent, quantum dots (QDs), other suitable display media, or combinations thereof. Antenna devices may include, for example, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), frequency selective surfaces (FSS), RF filters, polarizers, resonators, or antennas. Antennas may be liquid crystal type antennas or varactor diode antennas. The sensing device may be a sensing device for capacitance, light, heat, or ultrasound, but is not limited thereto. In this disclosure, the electronic device may include electronic components, which may include passive and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. Diodes may include light-emitting diodes (LEDs), varactor diodes, or photodiodes. LEDs may include, for example, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), mini LEDs, micro LEDs, or quantum dot LEDs, but are not limited thereto. The splicing device may be, for example, a display splicing device or an antenna splicing device, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the electronic device may be any combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. The packaging device may be suitable for wafer-level packaging (WLP) technology or panel-level packaging (PLP) technology, such as chip-first or chip-last processes. In addition, the shape of the electronic device can be rectangular, circular, polygonal, with curved edges, or other suitable shapes.Electronic devices may have peripheral systems such as drive systems, control systems, and light source systems to support display devices, antenna devices, wearable devices (such as augmented reality or virtual reality), in-vehicle devices (such as car windshields), or splicing devices.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figures 2A to 2D This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a method for manufacturing a near-eye display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 This is a partial top view schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure and a second optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 This is another partial top view schematic diagram of a light-emitting structure and a second optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first optical adjustment structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driving waveform of a near-eye display device in augmented reality mode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] It should be understood that the features described below can be replaced, recombined, or mixed in several different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and combined as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it.

[0025] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 The near-eye display device 1 may include a first optical adjustment structure 11, a second optical adjustment structure 12, and a light-emitting structure 13. The second optical adjustment structure 12 overlaps with the first optical adjustment structure 11. The light-emitting structure 13 is located between the first optical adjustment structure 11 and the second optical adjustment structure 12, wherein the light-emitting structure 13 includes a plurality of pixels PX forming a pixel array (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 4 , Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows thirty-six pixels (PX), and the light-emitting structure 13 also includes at least one active element AE (see [reference]). Figure 3 ), to drive at least one of multiple pixels PX.

[0026] In detail, the near-eye display device 1 is, for example, a head-mounted display device, such as a display device in the form of glasses or an eye mask, but is not limited thereto. The first optical adjustment structure 11 includes, for example, a tunable lens. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the first optical adjustment structure 11 may include a substrate 110, a substrate 111, a conductive layer 112, a conductive layer 113, and a liquid crystal layer 114, but is not limited thereto. The first optical adjustment structure 11 may further include other film layers according to different needs.

[0027] Substrate 110 and substrate 111 are disposed opposite each other in the thickness direction (e.g., direction D3) of the first optical adjustment structure 11. Substrate 110 and substrate 111 are either light-transmitting rigid substrates or light-transmitting flexible substrates. The materials of substrate 110 and substrate 111 include, but are not limited to, glass, quartz, ceramic, sapphire, or plastic. Plastics may include polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), other suitable flexible materials, or combinations thereof, but are not limited to.

[0028] Conductive layer 112 may be disposed on the surface of substrate 110 facing substrate 111, and conductive layer 113 may be disposed on the surface of substrate 111 facing substrate 110. Conductive layer 112 and conductive layer 113 may be full-surface transparent conductive layers. Conductive layer 112 and conductive layer 113 may include, for example, metal oxides, graphene, other suitable transparent conductive materials, or combinations thereof. Metal oxides may include indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium germanium zinc oxide, or other metal oxides.

[0029] A liquid crystal layer 114 is disposed between conductive layers 112 and 113. The type of liquid crystal layer 114 is not limited. By adjusting the voltage difference V between conductive layers 112 and 113, the electric field E acting on the liquid crystal layer 114 can be changed, thereby altering the tilting state of the liquid crystal molecules 1140 within the liquid crystal layer 114. The tilting state of the liquid crystal molecules 1140 changes the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 114, and thus changes the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11. In other words, the first optical adjustment structure 11 is, for example, an electrically controlled focal length adjustable optical adjustment structure.

[0030] The first optical adjustment structure 11 may have a focusing mode and an infocusing mode. In the focusing mode, the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11 may be associated with the wearer's vision and / or the content displayed by the light-emitting structure 13. For example, if the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11 is fx, the wearer's compensated focal length is fy, and the optimal viewing distance of the displayed content is fz, then 1 / fx = (1 / fy) + (1 / fz), but is not limited to this.

[0031] In other words, the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11 can be compensated to match the wearer's vision to support vision correction. In this way, the wearer can wear the near-eye display device 1 without wearing additional nearsighted glasses or presbyopic glasses, thus improving the convenience and / or portability of wearing the near-eye display device 1.

[0032] Furthermore, the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11 can be changed according to the content displayed by the light-emitting structure 12. Specifically, utilizing the aforementioned electrically adjustable focal length characteristic, the first optical adjustment structure 11 can continuously zoom according to the displayed content, so that the imaging surface of the near-eye display device 1 moves back and forth with the image content to produce a more natural image and improve convergence-accommodation conflict.

[0033] In non-focusing mode, the voltage difference V between conductive layer 112 and conductive layer 113 can be zero, but is not limited to this. In some embodiments, in non-focusing mode, for example when the light-emitting structure 12 is off and vision correction is not required, the voltage difference V between conductive layer 112 and conductive layer 113 can be greater than zero, so that the liquid crystal molecules 1140 are aligned neatly. In this way, the haze of the first optical adjustment structure 11 can be reduced or the transmittance of the first optical adjustment structure 11 can be increased.

[0034] Please refer to again Figure 1 and Figure 2B The second optical adjustment structure 12 may include a liquid crystal 120. The liquid crystal 120 may include a dye liquid crystal or other electrochromic material, allowing the second optical adjustment structure 12 to switch between a transmission mode and a light-blocking mode. For example, a dichroic dye may be mixed into the liquid crystal, and the molecular arrangement of the dichroic dye may be adjusted by controlling the tilting state of the liquid crystal with voltage, thereby adjusting the light transmittance of the second optical adjustment structure 12.

[0035] In some embodiments, the second optical adjustment structure 12 may have a pixelated design. Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second optical adjustment structure 12 may include multiple adjustment units AU ( Figure 4 Nine adjustment units AU are schematically shown in thick dashed lines. Multiple adjustment units AU are arranged in an array, for example, along directions D1 and D2. Directions D1 and D2 intersect each other and are, for example, perpendicular to each other, but are not limited thereto.

[0036] The transmittance of each adjustment unit AU can be controlled independently. For example, such as Figure 2B As shown, the second optical adjustment structure 12 may further include a substrate 121, an element array layer 122 and a plurality of spacers 123, wherein the element array layer 122 is disposed between the liquid crystal 120 and the substrate 121, and the plurality of spacers 123 and the liquid crystal 120 are disposed together on the element array layer 122.

[0037] Details of substrate 121 can be found in the aforementioned description of substrate 110, and will not be repeated here. Component array layer 122 is disposed on substrate 121. In some embodiments, component array layer 122 may include multiple scan lines 1220 (…). Figure 5 This schematically shows one or more data lines 1221. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates one active element and several active elements (not shown), but is not limited thereto.

[0038] Multiple scan lines 1220 extend, for example, along direction D1 and are arranged along direction D2. Multiple data lines 1221 extend, for example, along direction D2 and are arranged along direction D1. The multiple scan lines 1220 and multiple data lines 1221 intersect each other to divide multiple adjustment units AU. The multiple scan lines 1220 and multiple data lines 1221 may belong to two different conductive layers. The materials of the two conductive layers may include metals or metal stacks, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium, but are not limited thereto. At least one insulating layer may be provided between the two conductive layers, and the multiple scan lines 1220 and multiple data lines 1221 may be electrically insulated from each other through the at least one insulating layer. Each active element is electrically connected to a corresponding scan line 1220 and a corresponding data line 1221, and each adjustment unit AU may include at least one active element.

[0039] The element array layer 122 may further include at least one transparent electrode layer (not shown). For example, the element array layer 122 may further include a pixel electrode layer (not shown). The material of the pixel electrode layer can be referred to the material of the conductive layer 112, and will not be repeated here. The pixel electrode layer is, for example, a patterned transparent conductive layer and may include multiple pixel electrodes (not shown). The multiple pixel electrodes may be electrically connected to multiple active elements respectively, and each adjustment unit AU may include one pixel electrode. Optionally, the element array layer 122 may further include a common electrode layer (not shown). The common electrode layer may be a full-surface transparent conductive layer, and the common electrode layer may be disposed on multiple pixel electrodes, or the common electrode layer may be disposed between multiple pixel electrodes and multiple active elements.

[0040] By changing the voltage difference between the pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer, the tilting state of the liquid crystal can be controlled, thereby adjusting the transmittance of the second optical adjustment structure 12. Furthermore, through the pixelated design of the pixel electrode layer, different pixel electrodes can be independently modulated, thereby enabling localized modulation of the transmittance of the second optical adjustment structure 12.

[0041] Multiple spacers 123 and liquid crystal 120 can be sequentially disposed on the element array layer 122. The multiple spacers 123 can be distributed randomly or regularly on the element array layer 122, and there is no limitation thereto.

[0042] Please refer to again Figure 1 The light-emitting structure 13 is disposed adjacent to the second optical adjustment structure 12 and maintains a distance from the first optical adjustment structure 11, wherein the distance between the light-emitting structure 13 and the first optical adjustment structure 11 is less than the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure 11, so as to facilitate the formation of a magnified virtual image.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2D As shown, the light-emitting structure 13 and the second optical adjustment structure 12 can be integrated to reduce the thickness and weight of the near-eye display device 1 and / or simplify the assembly process. In detail, Figure 2A The steps for forming the light-emitting structure 13 are shown. Figure 2B The steps for forming the second optical adjustment structure 12 are shown. Figure 2C The steps for assembling the light-emitting structure 13 with the second optical adjustment structure 12 are shown, and Figure 2D The steps of adding a first optical adjustment structure 11 to form a near-eye display device 1 are shown.

[0044] like Figure 2A As shown, the light-emitting structure 13 may further include a substrate 130, an element array layer 131, a plurality of light-emitting elements 132 and a leveling layer 133, wherein the element array layer 131 is disposed between the plurality of light-emitting elements 132 and the substrate 130, and the plurality of light-emitting elements 132 and the leveling layer 133 are disposed together on the element array layer 131.

[0045] Details of substrate 130 can be found in the aforementioned description of substrate 110, and will not be repeated here. Element array layer 131 is disposed on substrate 121. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the element array layer 131 may include a buffer layer BF, a semiconductor layer CHL, an insulating layer IN1, a conductive layer M1, an insulating layer IN2, a conductive layer M2, an insulating layer IN3, an insulating layer IN4, a conductive layer T1, an insulating layer IN5, and a conductive layer T2, but is not limited thereto.

[0046] A buffer layer BF is disposed on the substrate 130, and the material of the buffer layer BF may include inorganic materials, such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] A semiconductor layer CHL is disposed on the buffer layer BF, and the material of the semiconductor layer CHL may include amorphous silicon, polysilicon, or metal oxide (e.g., indium gallium zinc oxide, but not limited thereto). The semiconductor layer CHL may be, for example, a patterned semiconductor layer and may include multiple semiconductor patterns CHP. Each semiconductor pattern CHP may include a channel region RCH, a source region RS, and a drain region RD, with the channel region RCH located between the source region RS and the drain region RD.

[0048] The insulating layer IN1 is disposed on the semiconductor layer CHL and the buffer layer BF, and the material of the insulating layer IN1 may include inorganic materials, but is not limited thereto.

[0049] A conductive layer M1 is disposed on an insulating layer IN1, and the material of the conductive layer M1 may include metal or a metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium, but is not limited thereto. The conductive layer M1 may be a patterned conductive layer, and the conductive layer M1 may include multiple gates GE and multiple scan lines SL (see reference). Figure 5 Other circuits (not shown), but not limited thereto. Multiple gates GE overlap multiple channel regions RCH in direction D3, and multiple gates GE are electrically connected to multiple scan lines SL.

[0050] Insulating layer IN2 is disposed on insulating layer IN1 and conductive layer M1, and the material of insulating layer IN2 can be referred to the material of insulating layer IN1, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] Conductive layer M2 is disposed on insulating layer IN2, and the material of conductive layer M2 can be the same as that of conductive layer M1, and will not be repeated here. Conductive layer M2 can be a patterned conductive layer, and conductive layer M2 can include multiple source electrodes SE ( Figure 3 Only one (illustrated) and multiple drains (DE) are shown. Figure 3 (Only one is shown schematically) Multiple data lines DL (refer to) Figure 5 Other circuits (not shown), but not limited thereto. Multiple source electrodes (SE) are electrically connected to multiple data lines (DL), and each source electrode (SE) can penetrate insulating layers (IN2 and IN1) to be electrically connected to its corresponding source region (RS). Each drain electrode (DE) can penetrate insulating layers (IN2 and IN1) to be electrically connected to its corresponding drain region (RD). The element array layer 131 may include multiple active elements (AE), and each active element (AE) may include, for example, a gate (GE), a semiconductor pattern (CHP), a drain electrode (DE), and a source electrode (SE), but is not limited thereto.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 5 Multiple scan lines SL ( Figure 5 (Illustratively shown is one) For example, extending along direction D1 and arranged along direction D2. Multiple data lines DL ( Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates a line extending, for example, along direction D2 and arranged along direction D1. Multiple scan lines SL and multiple data lines DL intersect each other to divide multiple pixels PX. In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the scan line SL in the light-emitting structure 13 can overlap with the scan line 1220 in the second optical adjustment structure 12 in the direction D3, the data line DL in the light-emitting structure 13 can overlap with the data line 1221 in the second optical adjustment structure 12 in the direction D3, and / or the opaque area SPX of the pixel PX in the light-emitting structure 13 (e.g., the area used to set the light-emitting element 132, the active element AE or other light-shielding elements / circuits) can overlap with the opaque area SAU of the adjustment unit AU in the second optical adjustment structure 12 (e.g., the area used to set the active element or other light-shielding elements / circuits) in the direction D3, so as to improve the transmittance of the near-eye display device 1 and / or reduce diffraction.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the width of one of the multiple adjustment units AU (e.g., width W2A or width W2B) can be an integer multiple of the width of one of the multiple pixels PX (e.g., width W1A or width W1B). For example, W2A = M * W1A, W2B = N * W1B, where M and N are both positive integers, and M and N can be the same or different. Figure 4 The illustration shows M=N=2, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, M=N=1 or M=N=3, but is not limited thereto. The above design helps to overlap the scan line SL in the light-emitting structure 13 with the scan line 1220 in the second optical adjustment structure 12 in direction D3, and / or overlap the data line DL in the light-emitting structure 13 with the data line 1221 in the second optical adjustment structure 12 in direction D3, thus also helping to improve the transmittance of the near-eye display device 1 and / or reduce diffraction.

[0054] Please refer to again Figure 3 Insulating layer IN3 is disposed on insulating layer IN2 and conductive layer M2, and the material of insulating layer IN3 can be referred to the material of insulating layer IN1, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] Insulating layer IN4 is disposed on insulating layer IN3, and the material of insulating layer IN4 includes, for example, organic insulating materials such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy resin, acrylic-based resin, silicone, polyimide polymer, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0056] A conductive layer T1 is disposed on the insulating layer IN4, and the material of the conductive layer T1 may include a transparent conductive material or the material of the conductive layer 112, which will not be repeated here. The conductive layer T1 may be a patterned conductive layer, and the conductive layer T1 may include multiple pixel electrodes PE. Each pixel electrode PE may be electrically connected to a corresponding drain DE through a through-hole TH that penetrates the insulating layer IN4 and the insulating layer IN3.

[0057] Insulating layer IN5 is disposed on insulating layer IN4 and covers multiple pixel electrodes PE. The material of insulating layer IN5 is the same as that of insulating layer IN1, and will not be repeated here.

[0058] The conductive layer T2 is disposed on the insulating layer IN5, and the material of the conductive layer T2 may include a transparent conductive material or the material of the conductive layer 112, which will not be repeated here. The conductive layer T2 may be a transparent conductive layer covering an entire surface, and the conductive layer T2 may include a common electrode CE.

[0059] It should be understood that Figure 3 This is just one example; the element array layer 131 is not limited to this. Figure 3 The structure shown is illustrated. For example, in other embodiments, the common electrode CE may be disposed between the pixel electrode PE and the active element AE and / or the active element AE may be other types of active elements.

[0060] Please refer to again Figure 2A Multiple light-emitting elements 132 are disposed on the element array layer 131. In some embodiments, the multiple light-emitting elements 132 may include multiple organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and the multiple light-emitting elements 132 may be formed on the element array layer 131 by panel processing, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the multiple light-emitting elements 132 may include multiple micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs), and the multiple micro-LEDs may be formed on the element array layer 131 by mass transfer processing. The multiple light-emitting elements 132 may include multiple light-emitting elements of different colors, such as red light-emitting elements, green light-emitting elements, and blue light-emitting elements, but are not limited thereto.

[0061] A filler layer 133 is disposed on the element array layer 131, and the top surface of the filler layer 133 may be flush with the top surface of the plurality of light-emitting elements 132. The material of the filler layer 133 includes, for example, transparent organic polymer materials, such as resin, but is not limited thereto.

[0062] After the element array layer 131, multiple light-emitting elements 132 and the leveling layer 133 are sequentially formed on the substrate 130, the fabrication of the light-emitting structure 13 is initially completed.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 2BAfter the element array layer 122, multiple spacers 123, and liquid crystal 120 are sequentially formed on the substrate 121, the fabrication of the second optical adjustment structure 12 is initially completed. It should be understood that... Figure 2A and Figure 2B The order is not restricted, for example Figure 2A Available Figure 2B Before or after.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 2C The light-emitting structure 13 is flipped so that multiple light-emitting elements 132 face the liquid crystal 120, and then the light-emitting structure 13 is assembled with the second optical adjustment structure 12.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2D The first optical adjustment structure 11 is fixed to the side of the light-emitting structure 13 away from the second optical adjustment structure 12, thus initially completing the fabrication of the near-eye display device 1. Although not shown, the first optical adjustment structure 11 can be fixed to the light-emitting structure 13 by a transparent adhesive layer or other fixing mechanism. The adhesive layer may include, but is not limited to, optically clear adhesive (OCA) or optically clear resin (OCR).

[0066] Please refer to again Figure 1 , Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of the near-eye display device 1 corresponding to a wearer's single eye (see eye EY). Depending on practical needs, the number of each of the first optical adjustment structure 11, the second optical adjustment structure 12, and the light-emitting structure 13 can be two, with each eye of the wearer corresponding to one first optical adjustment structure 11, one second optical adjustment structure 12, and one light-emitting structure 13. Alternatively, the near-eye display device 1 may include two first optical adjustment structures 11 (if the wearer's eyes have different degrees of myopia / hyperopia), one second optical adjustment structure 12, and one light-emitting structure 13.

[0067] In some embodiments, the near-eye display device 1 may include multiple modes such as virtual reality mode, surrounding vision mode, and augmented reality mode, and the wearer can switch the mode of the near-eye display device 1 according to needs / usage situations.

[0068] In virtual reality mode, the light-emitting structure 13 of the near-eye display device 1 is activated to provide display light L. The first optical adjustment structure 11 switches to focusing mode, allowing the display light L from the light-emitting structure 13 to be converged onto the eye EY through the first optical adjustment structure 11, forming a magnified virtual image M in front of the wearer. Furthermore, in virtual reality mode, the second optical adjustment structure 12 switches to shading mode to isolate the display light L from interference by ambient light. In virtual reality mode, the first optical adjustment structure 11, in addition to adjusting the position of the imaging surface according to the displayed content (e.g., making the imaging surface where the magnified virtual image M is located closer to or further away from the second optical adjustment structure 12), also supports vision correction.

[0069] In ambient vision mode, the light-emitting structure 13 of the near-eye display device 1 is turned off, and the second optical adjustment structure 12 switches to a transmittance mode, allowing the wearer to see the external environment. Furthermore, in ambient vision mode, the first optical adjustment structure 11 can also support vision correction. On the other hand, when vision correction is not required, the first optical adjustment structure 11 can switch to a non-focusing mode. As described above, in non-focusing mode, the conductive layer 112 (see...) can be turned off. Figure 6 ) and conductive layer 113 (see Figure 6 The voltage difference V between the two is greater than zero, so as to reduce the haze of the first optical adjustment structure 11 or increase the transmittance of the first optical adjustment structure 11.

[0070] In augmented reality mode, the near-eye display device 1 continuously switches between virtual reality mode and ambient vision mode at a frequency greater than or equal to 60 Hz, allowing the human eye to receive both the displayed light L and ambient light, thereby achieving the effect of augmented reality. In augmented reality mode, the first optical adjustment structure 11, the second optical adjustment structure 12, and the light-emitting structure 13 have the same switching frequency. Figure 7 As shown, the near-eye display device 1 may have multiple periods T, each period T being, for example, less than or equal to one-sixtieth of a second. Each period T may include a first sub-period T1 and a second sub-period T2, wherein the near-eye display device 1 switches to virtual reality mode during the first sub-period T1 and switches to ambient view mode during the second sub-period T2. The sum of the first sub-period T1 and the second sub-period T2 is equal to the period T.

[0071] The first sub-cycle T1 and the second sub-cycle T2 can be the same or different. Specifically, the duration of the first sub-cycle T1 and the second sub-cycle T2 can be adjusted according to requirements. For example, when the ambient light is insufficient, the first sub-cycle T1 can be shortened and the second sub-cycle T2 can be lengthened. On the other hand, when the ambient light is too bright, such as under a bright sun, the first sub-cycle T1 can be lengthened and the second sub-cycle T2 can be shortened.

[0072] Figure 7 This indicates the wearer's need for vision correction. For example... Figure 7 As shown, during the first sub-cycle T1, the near-eye display device 1 switches to virtual reality mode. Correspondingly, the first optical adjustment structure 11 switches to focusing mode (e.g., providing a non-zero voltage difference), the light-emitting structure 13 is turned on (e.g., providing a non-zero voltage difference) to provide display light L, and the second optical adjustment structure 12 switches to light-shielding mode (e.g., providing a non-zero voltage difference) to isolate the interference of external ambient light on the display light L.

[0073] On the other hand, during the second sub-cycle T2, the near-eye display device 1 switches to the ambient vision mode. Correspondingly, the first optical adjustment structure 11 provides vision correction (e.g., providing a lower non-zero voltage difference), the light-emitting structure 13 is turned off (e.g., the voltage difference is zero), and the second optical adjustment structure 12 switches to the transmission mode (e.g., the voltage difference is zero), allowing the wearer to see the external environment. When the wearer does not need vision correction, although not shown, the first optical adjustment structure 11 can switch to a non-focusing mode during the second sub-cycle T2. In this case, the voltage difference can be zero, or the voltage difference corresponding to the first optical adjustment structure 11 during the second sub-cycle T2 can be greater than the voltage difference corresponding to the first optical adjustment structure 11 during the first sub-cycle T1, thereby reducing the haze of the first optical adjustment structure 11 or increasing its transmittance.

[0074] In summary, in the embodiments disclosed herein, virtual reality mode, ambient view mode, and augmented reality mode can be achieved by switching the modes of the first optical adjustment structure, the second optical adjustment structure, and the light-emitting structure. Since an additional camera is not required to capture images of the external environment, problems such as image delay or dizziness caused by untimely image transmission from the camera can be improved, allowing the wearer to promptly perceive changes in the external environment, and reducing the size and weight of the device. Furthermore, since the second optical adjustment structure and the light-emitting structure can be integrated, the thickness and weight of the near-eye display device can be reduced, and / or the assembly process can be simplified. Additionally, the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure can be compensated for according to the wearer's vision to improve the convenience and / or portability of wearing the near-eye display device. Moreover, the focal length of the first optical adjustment structure can also be changed according to the content displayed by the light-emitting structure to improve convergence-accommodation conflict.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0076] While the embodiments and advantages of this disclosure have been disclosed above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make changes, substitutions, and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and features between the embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and substituted to form other new embodiments. Furthermore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited to the processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps described in the specific embodiments of the specification. Any person skilled in the art can understand from the disclosure of this disclosure that current or future developed processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps can be used according to this disclosure as long as they can perform substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure includes the aforementioned processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the scope of protection of this disclosure also includes combinations of various claims and embodiments. The scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A near-eye display device, characterized in that, include: First optical adjustment structure; The second optical adjustment structure overlaps with the first optical adjustment structure; as well as A light-emitting structure is located between the first optical adjustment structure and the second optical adjustment structure, wherein the light-emitting structure includes a plurality of pixels forming a pixel array, and the light-emitting structure further includes at least one active element to drive at least one of the plurality of pixels.

2. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical adjustment structure includes an adjustable lens.

3. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second optical adjustment structure includes a liquid crystal.

4. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of pixels include micro light-emitting diodes.

5. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of pixels includes pixel electrodes and a common electrode.

6. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second optical adjustment structure includes multiple adjustment units, and the width of one of the multiple adjustment units is an integer multiple of the width of one of the multiple pixels.

7. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In augmented reality mode, the first optical adjustment structure, the second optical adjustment structure, and the light-emitting structure have the same switching frequency.

8. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length of the first optical adjustment structure is compensated to match the wearer's vision.

9. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length of the first optical adjustment structure also changes according to the content displayed by the light-emitting structure.

10. The near-eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical adjustment structure includes a liquid crystal layer and two conductive layers disposed on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer, and when the first optical adjustment structure is in non-focusing mode, the voltage difference between the two conductive layers is greater than zero.

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