Research method of intelligent start-stop system of coal machine

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of new generation coal machine application of unit, and specifically discloses a research method of intelligent start-stop system of coal machine, which comprises the following steps: step S1, determining three-layer architecture, and adopting three-layer control structure; step S2, adopting the design combining no breakpoint and breakpoint, and designing the system as 'one-key start-stop', and setting 'breakpoint' at key nodes for operation personnel to confirm, and ensuring safety. The present application has the beneficial effects that: 1. On the basis of the original DCS system of the unit, through advanced control technology, time axis management and full-process breakpoint control, the full-process automation and intelligentization from cold / hot start to grid connection with load are realized, the labor intensity of personnel is reduced, and the safety, flexibility and economy of the unit are improved; 2. The system adopts the technical route of 'focusing on the bottom layer, continuously optimizing and forward iteration', and the excellent experience of operation personnel is solidified as standard control logic, which meets the requirements of deep peak regulation, environmental protection ultra-low emission and full-process energy-saving control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of application technology of new generation coal mining machinery, and specifically relates to a research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Although the current unit (1000MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generating unit) has basic MCS (analog control) and SCS (sequential control) functions, the start-up and shutdown process and daily operation still rely heavily on manual intervention by operators, resulting in problems such as poor operation consistency, large energy consumption fluctuations, and long start-up time.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above problems, this invention provides a research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery, thereby solving the technical problems existing in the background art.

[0005] Technical Solution: This invention provides a research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery, comprising the following steps: Step S1, determining a three-layer architecture; the system adopts a three-layer control structure; Step S2, adopting a design combining breakpoint-free and breakpoint-based approaches; the system is designed for "one-click start-stop," and breakpoints are set at key nodes for operator confirmation to ensure safety; breakpoint management supports automatic continuous execution, single-step execution, skip-step, and pause functions; seamless switching ensures that when the unit's self-start-stop system exits, the underlying equipment maintains its current state or switches to a safe position, without affecting the unit's regular manual / remote operation; wherein, in the three-layer architecture of Step S1, the first layer is the unit scheduling level, which serves as the system's... The "brain" is responsible for global navigation, timeline management, and issuing target commands; it coordinates the operation of downstream system-level functional groups according to the optimal timeline; it is deployed in the newly added first pair of controllers. The second layer is the system level, which acts as the "central nervous system," responsible for coordinating the collaborative actions of all equipment-level functional groups within a certain process system; when scheduling-level commands fail, it should be able to independently control downstream equipment according to the planned route; it is deployed in the newly added second pair of controllers. The third layer is the equipment level, which acts as the "execution terminal," responsible for the start-up and shutdown operations and interlocking protection of specific equipment; the equipment-level logic is, in principle, retained in the original DCS controller, communicating with the upper layer through an interface, or migrated to the new controller according to load balancing.

[0006] In this technical solution, the unit automatic start-stop system (APS) should serve as the top-level command system at the unit level. Through the coordinated sequential control system (SCS), analog control system (MCS), boiler furnace safety monitoring system (FSSS), turbine digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH), and specialized electrical control devices, it achieves full-process automation of the unit. A hierarchical control architecture is employed, with the system strictly divided into unit scheduling, system, and equipment levels. Even when the intelligent start-stop system is not in use, operators should be able to independently operate functional groups to achieve partial automation. Timeline management incorporates project management concepts, allowing the system to automatically reverse-engineer the start times of key nodes based on the target grid connection time set by the operators, enabling visualized management of the startup process's timeline. Breakpoint control is implemented, setting key confirmation points throughout the startup process. Each breakpoint should include entry permission conditions, execution sequence, skip logic, and an operation help screen.

[0007] According to the unit start-up and shutdown operation procedures of the unit's automatic start-up and shutdown system, the unit-level intelligent start-up and shutdown system divides the unit start-up into seven major nodes: Node a, Start-up Preparation Stage: This includes the establishment of the circulating water system and open / closed water system, the automatic start-up of the lubricating oil / sealing oil / EH oil system, and the prefabrication of related electric doors and regulating doors; Node b, Deaerator Water Supply Stage: Automatic start-up and shutdown of the condensate pump, automatic adjustment of the deaerator water level, and automatic activation of the auxiliary steam preheating logic to ensure a stable rise in deaerator temperature and pressure; Node c, Boiler Water Supply and Cleaning Stage: Automatic execution of cold / hot cleaning logic, automatic start-up of the feedwater pump and boiler start-up circulating pump, achieving the separation of... Precise control of the separator water level; Node d, Ignition, heating and pressurization stage: Linked with FSSS to perform furnace purging, realize one-button ignition of the oil gun / plasma system, automatically monitor the pressurization rate and dynamically adjust the combustion load; Node e, Turbine start-up and speed-up stage: Automatically execute walking valve warm-up, low-speed friction check, low-speed warm-up, overcritical acceleration control, and 3000rpm warm-up logic; Node f, Generator grid connection stage: Automatically engage excitation, coordinate with the synchronizing device to perform automatic grid connection, quickly rise to the initial load after grid connection, and automatically close the main body drain valve; Node g, Unit load increase stage: Automatically execute the step-by-step sliding of auxiliary equipment until the unit enters the CCS regulation zone and reaches the target load.

[0008] In this technical solution, the intelligent start-stop system at the unit level also includes, but is not limited to, the following functional groups: (1) In the pre-start preparation stage: Circulating water functional group, static water injection, dynamic water injection, automatic start of the pre-selected circulating water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the circulating water system; Open water functional group, water injection in the open water system under empty pipe conditions, automatic start of the pre-selected open cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the open water system; Closed cooling water functional group, water injection in the closed water system under empty pipe conditions, automatic start of the pre-selected closed cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the closed water system; Auxiliary steam warming and activation functional group, user isolation of the auxiliary steam system, gradual warming of the pipe, opening of the drain, until the temperature and pressure of the auxiliary steam system meet the requirements; Lubricating oil functional group, start of the exhaust fan, pre-selected lubricating oil Oil pump start, DC lubricating oil pump test run until the lubricating oil system pressure is established and the system is normal; sealing oil function group, start the pre-selected sealing oil exhaust fan, start the pre-selected sealing oil pump, and put it into standby; EH oil function group, start the pre-selected EH oil circulation pump, start the pre-selected EH oil pump, and put it into standby; (2) During the deaerator water supply and heating stage: condensate function group, condenser water supply, condensate pipeline water injection and emptying, condensate pump start, condensate system discharge mode; condensate pump function group, pre-selected condensate pump start; deaerator water supply and heating function group, first small opening for heating, wait for the deaerator temperature to start rising, automatically control the deaerator water temperature rise rate to meet the boiler water supply requirements; (3) During the boiler water supply stage: boiler water supply function group, boiler water supply before all boilers are emptied. Position the water supply valve and water-side drain valve appropriately, start the booster pump or electric pump, set the feedwater bypass valve to the water supply position, and wait for the boiler to finish filling with water; For the shaft seal vacuum function group, open the relevant drains in the shaft seal system, warm up the auxiliary steam to the shaft seal pipeline, warm up the shaft seal system, start the shaft seal fan, and after the shaft seal warm-up is completed, automatically activate the shaft seal pressure, start all vacuum pumps to perform vacuuming, and stop some vacuum pumps after the vacuum is established; For the small engine oil system function group, start the pre-selected small engine oil tank exhaust fan, put the fan on standby, start the pre-selected small engine AC lubricating oil pump, put the oil pump on standby, and automatically activate the lubricating oil cooling water; For the steam pump booster pump function group, close the steam pump booster pump outlet valve, start the booster pump, and set the recirculation valve; For the small engine steam pump function group and the small engine steam source warm-up function group, open the main body and steam inlet drains, and determine the warm-up steam source. Slow-opening electric steam inlet valve for pipe warming; small turbine start-up function group: small turbine ETS reset, brake engagement, setting target speed and rate of increase, warm-up; small turbine steam source switching: automatically completes the switching of steam pump steam source from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction; boiler cold cleaning: after the boiler is filled with water, the feedwater bypass valve is set to the boiler cold cleaning position for boiler cold flushing; boiler flue gas system function group: furnace side drain and air valve function group: set the appropriate positions of boiler drain and air vent valve according to the boiler's cold and hot states; forced / induced / primary air fan function group: start the forced and induced draft fan oil station, start one induced draft fan and forced draft fan first, start the second induced draft fan and forced draft fan, and then automatically parallel them. The whole process ensures normal furnace negative pressure. After completion, ensure that the furnace negative pressure is set to automatic and the air volume is set to automatic, and the air volume meets the purging air volume requirements;Air preheater function group: auxiliary motor test run, main motor start, open air preheater related baffles, auxiliary motor put into standby; establish air duct function group: open the air passage that needs to be established before the start of the blower and induced draft fan; (4) In the ignition, heating and pressurization stage: oil gun function group: call the oil gun ignition program control; warm grinding function group: start the relevant oil station of the mill, open the mill outlet door, and set the cold and hot air door to the appropriate position for warm grinding; mill group start function group: after warm grinding is completed, raise the mill roller, start the coal mill, open the lower gate of the coal feeder, start the coal feeder, open the upper gate of the coal feeder, lay coal with minimum coal quantity, and lower the mill roller after laying coal; mill air source switching function group: smoothly switch the coal mill from the air source at startup to the air source during normal operation; bypass function group: put into high and low bypass automatic to meet the needs of boiler ignition, heating and pressurization, The controller requirements for bypasses at each stage of turbine start-up and grid connection; the turbine-side condensate function group, put into the turbine-side condensate interlock; boiler heating and pressurization, after the first coal mill of the boiler starts, automatically control the coal feed rate to meet the temperature rise rate requirements of the main steam and reheat steam during the boiler heating and pressurization process; boiler hot cleaning, after the separator outlet temperature and pressure meet the requirements, enter the boiler hot flushing stage, start timing, and after the operator confirms that the hot flushing is completed, continue to heat up and pressurize; the main steam valve preheating function group, open the relevant condensate valves of the main steam valve pipeline, the turbine is engaged, and the valve shell is preheated; (5) during the turbine start-up stage: the turbine start-up function group automatically performs ETS reset, turbine engagement, opens the high exhaust ventilation valve, and releases the high exhaust check valve, and automatically adjusts the turbine temperature according to the turbine's cold and hot states. Set the target speed and rate of increase, automatically set the warm-up dwell time until the speed is constant; Low-pressure heater sliding switch group, open the low-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly open the low-pressure heater extraction electric valve, control the low-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate not to exceed the standard, after the load reaches a certain value, the low-pressure heater starts to store water, and then switch between emergency drainage and normal drainage; High-pressure heater sliding switch group, open the high-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly open the high-pressure heater extraction electric valve, control the high-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate not to exceed the standard, after the load reaches a certain value, the high-pressure heater starts to store water, and then switch between emergency drainage and normal drainage; (6) During the grid connection stage: Generator grid connection group, put on excitation, put on synchronization, start synchronization, and complete generator grid connection; (7) During the load increase stage: Denitrification group, put on the automatic denitrification system related equipment; The dry / wet state conversion function group stabilizes the feedwater flow rate at the rated flow rate for dry / wet state conversion, and increases the coal quantity at a certain rate until the state is completely dry; the plant power switching function group switches the 6KV plant power standby section to the working section power supply; the feedwater pump paralleling / shutdown function group completes the paralleling of the first steam pump, the paralleling of the second steam pump, and the shutdown of the electric pump during the start-up process; the entire process is controlled by APS, and the feedwater control is put into automatic mode; the electric pump scoop pipe, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation valve, and steam pump recirculation valve are all included in APS control; the deaerator and shaft seal steam source switching function group switches the deaerator steam source from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction, and the shaft seal steam source from auxiliary steam to cold recirculation; the shutdown function group and the load reduction to 25% function group automatically control the reduction of coal quantity by APS until the load reaches 25%;The feedwater system's steam pump shutdown function group completes the shutdown process by merging the electric pumps, shutting down the first steam pump, and then shutting down the second steam pump. The entire process is controlled by the APS, while the feedwater control is in automatic mode. The electric pump scoop pipe, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation valve, and steam pump recirculation valve are all integrated into the APS control. The coal mill stop function group automatically reduces the coal mill outlet temperature, reduces the coal feed rate, closes the coal feeder inlet valve, stops the coal feeder, closes the coal feeder outlet valve, raises the grinding rollers, and stops the coal mill. The plant power switch to standby power function group switches the plant power from the working section power supply to the standby section power supply. The MFT post-furnace purging function group sets the furnace purging air volume and performs furnace purging. The MFT 8-minute post-shutdown of the forced draft and induced draft fans function group stops the forced draft and induced draft fans.

[0009] In this technical solution, the equipment-level functional group is optimized based on the original control logic to better connect the unit-level and system-level functional groups.

[0010] In this technical solution, the intelligent start-stop system must undergo specific logic optimization for the deep peak shaving operation of the unit to ensure a smooth connection between the entire start-stop process and flexible operation; retain and optimize the control system around INFIT to coordinate the actions of auxiliary equipment and reduce the workload of personnel in deep peak shaving.

[0011] In order to reduce the risks of manual testing and the deviation of data recording, the intelligent start-stop system needs to integrate key test function groups before and after unit startup and daily operation, and automatically generate test reports.

[0012] According to this technical solution, the intelligent start-stop system should have the ability to automatically manage equipment during daily operation, reducing the tedious switching operations for operators.

[0013] In this technical solution, during the execution of the unit automatic start-stop system (APS), if the underlying equipment reports an abnormality or the step sequence times out, the system should immediately stop the current operation, issue an audible and visual alarm, and switch the logic to a safe position; the human-machine interface of the unit automatic start-stop system (APS) should display the current execution step, the expected next action, and the status of the current step's execution allowable conditions in real time, and provide online operation navigation.

[0014] In this technical solution, step S2 adopts a design that combines no breakpoints and breakpoints. At each breakpoint, the system should push the associated operation ticket confirmation item, on-site personnel feedback information, and the current logical flow status in real time.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal-fired power plants in this invention are as follows: 1. It complies with the national "Implementation Plan for the Special Action for Upgrading New Generation Coal-fired Power Plants (2025-2027)" and GB / T 44770-2024 "Technical Requirements for Intelligent Thermal Power Plants". Based on the original DCS system of the unit, a new generation of intelligent start-stop system is researched and applied. By introducing advanced control technology, time axis management, and full-process breakpoint control, the system achieves full automation and intelligence from cold / hot start-up to grid connection and load bearing, reducing the labor intensity of personnel and improving the safety, flexibility, and economy of the unit; 2. The system adopts a technical route of "focusing on the underlying layer, continuous optimization, and positive iteration", solidifying the excellent experience of operators into standard control logic. The system design meets the technical characteristics of the new generation of intelligent start-stop systems for coal-fired power plants, namely, adapting to the requirements of deep peak shaving, ultra-low emissions for environmental protection, and full-process energy-saving control. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," "one side," "the other side," "front," "rear," "middle part," "inside," and "top" are used interchangeably. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "bottom end" is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] The present invention discloses a research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Determine a three-layer architecture. The system adopts a clear three-layer control structure to ensure clear logic and ease of maintenance; Step S2: Adopt a design combining no-breakpoint and breakpoint features. The system should be designed for "one-click start-stop," but "breakpoints" need to be set at key nodes for operator confirmation to ensure safety; Breakpoint management supports automatic continuous execution, single-step execution, skip-step, and pause functions; Uninterrupted switching ensures that the entry and exit of the unit's automatic start-stop system are uninterrupted. When the unit's automatic start-stop system exits, the underlying equipment should maintain its current state or switch to a safe position without affecting the unit's regular manual / remote operation; wherein, in the three-layer architecture of Step S1, the first layer is the unit scheduling level. As the "brain" of the system, it is responsible for global navigation, timeline management, and issuing target commands; it coordinates the operation of downstream system-level functional groups according to the optimal timeline; it is deployed in the newly added first pair of controllers. The second layer is the system level, which acts as the "central nervous system" and is responsible for coordinating the collaborative actions of all equipment-level functional groups within a certain process system (such as the flue gas system or water supply system); when the scheduling-level command fails, it should be able to independently control downstream equipment according to the planned route; it is deployed in the newly added second pair of controllers. The third layer is the equipment level, which acts as the "execution terminal" and is responsible for the start-up and shutdown operations and interlock protection of specific equipment (such as pumps, fans, and valves). The equipment-level logic is, in principle, retained in the original DCS controller and communicates with the upper layer through the interface, or it is migrated to the new controller according to the load balance.

[0019] In addition, the preferred unit automatic start-stop system (APS) should serve as the top-level command system at the unit level. Through coordinated sequential control system (SCS), analog control system (MCS), boiler furnace safety monitoring system (FSSS), turbine digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH), and specialized electrical control devices, it should achieve full-process automation of the unit. A hierarchical control architecture should be implemented, with the system strictly divided into unit scheduling level, system level, and equipment level. Even when the intelligent start-stop system is not in use, operators should be able to independently operate functional groups to achieve partial automation. Timeline management should incorporate project management concepts, automatically scheduling the start times of each key node based on the target grid connection time set by the operators, enabling visualized management of the startup process's timeline. Breakpoint control should be implemented, setting key confirmation points throughout the startup process. Each breakpoint should include entry permission conditions, execution sequence, skip logic, and an operation help screen.

[0020] Furthermore, based on the unit start-up and shutdown operation procedures of the unit's automatic start-up and shutdown system, the unit-level intelligent start-up and shutdown system divides the unit startup into seven major nodes: Node a, Start-up Preparation Stage: This includes the establishment of the circulating water system and open / closed water system, the automatic start-up of the lubricating oil / sealing oil / EH oil system, and the prefabrication of related electric doors and regulating doors; Node b, Deaerator Water Supply Stage: Automatic start-up and shutdown of the condensate pump, automatic adjustment of the deaerator water level, and automatic activation of the auxiliary steam preheating logic to ensure a stable rise in deaerator temperature and pressure; Node c, Boiler Water Supply and Cleaning Stage: Automatic execution of cold / hot cleaning logic, automatic start-up of the feedwater pump and boiler start-up circulating pump to achieve the separation water level... Precise control; Node d, Ignition, heating and pressurization stage: Linked with FSSS to perform furnace purging, realize one-button ignition of oil gun / plasma system, automatically monitor pressurization rate and dynamically adjust combustion load; Node e, Turbine start-up and speed-up stage: Automatically execute walking valve warm-up, low-speed friction check, low-speed warm-up, overcritical acceleration control, and 3000rpm warm-up logic; Node f, Generator grid connection stage: Automatically engage excitation, coordinate with synchronization device to perform automatic grid connection, quickly rise to initial load after grid connection, and automatically close the main body drain valve; Node g, Unit load increase stage: Automatically execute auxiliary equipment (high and low pressure heaters, coal mill) one by one until the unit enters CCS regulation zone and reaches target load.

[0021] In addition, the preferred unit-level intelligent start-stop system also includes, but is not limited to, the following functional groups: (1) In the pre-start preparation stage: Circulating water functional group, static water injection, dynamic water injection, automatic start of the pre-selected circulating water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the circulating water system; Open water functional group, water injection in the open water system under empty pipe state, automatic start of the pre-selected open cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the open water system; Closed cooling water functional group, water injection in the closed water system under empty pipe state, automatic start of the pre-selected closed cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the closed water system; Auxiliary steam warming and activation functional group, user isolation of the auxiliary steam system, gradual warming of the pipe, opening of drain, until the temperature and pressure of the auxiliary steam system. Satisfy; Lubricating oil function group, start the exhaust fan, start the pre-selected lubricating oil pump, test the DC lubricating oil pump until the lubricating oil system pressure is established and the system is normal; Sealing oil function group, start the pre-selected sealing oil exhaust fan, start the pre-selected sealing oil pump, and put it into standby; EH oil function group, start the pre-selected EH oil circulation pump, start the pre-selected EH oil pump, and put it into standby; (2) During the deaerator water supply and heating stage: Condensate function group, condenser water supply, condensate pipeline water injection and emptying (manual confirmation), condensate pump start, condensate system discharge mode; Condensate pump function group, pre-selected condensate pump start; Deaerator water supply and heating function group, first heat at a small opening, and wait for the deaerator temperature to start rising, from The deaerator water temperature rise rate is controlled to meet the boiler water supply requirements; (3) During the boiler water supply stage: Boiler water supply function group, before boiler water supply, set all boiler vent valves and water-side drain valves to appropriate positions, start the pre-pump or electric pump, set the feed water bypass valve to water supply position, and wait for the boiler water supply to be completed; Shaft seal vacuum function group, open the shaft seal system related drains, warm the auxiliary steam to the shaft seal pipeline, warm the shaft seal system, start the shaft seal fan, after the shaft seal warming is completed, put the shaft seal pressure into automatic mode, start all vacuum pumps to vacuum, and stop some vacuum pumps after the vacuum is established; Small oil system function group, start the pre-selected small oil tank exhaust fan, put the fan into standby mode, start the pre-selected small AC lubricating oil pump, put the oil pump into standby mode, and lubricate Automatic lubricating oil cooling water injection; Steam pump pre-pump function group: closes the steam pump pre-pump outlet valve, starts the pre-pump, and sets the recirculation valve; Small turbine steam pump function group and small turbine steam source warm-up function group: opens the main body and steam inlet drain, judges the warm-up steam source, and slowly opens the steam inlet electric valve for warm-up; Small turbine start-up function group: small turbine ETS reset, brake engage, sets the target speed and rate of increase, and warms up; Small turbine steam source switching: automatically completes the switching of steam pump steam source from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction; Boiler cold cleaning: after the boiler is filled with water, the feedwater bypass valve is set to the boiler cold cleaning position for cold flushing; Boiler flue gas system function group, boiler side drain and air valve function group: sets the appropriate positions of boiler drain and vent valves according to the boiler's cold and hot states;The function group for supplying / inducing / primary air fans starts the oil station for supplying and induced air fans, starts one induced air fan and one supply air fan, starts the second induced air fan and one supply air fan and then automatically parallels them. The entire process ensures that the negative pressure in the furnace is normal. After completion, the negative pressure in the furnace is automatically turned on and the air volume is automatically turned on. The air volume meets the requirements of the purging air volume. The function group for air preheater starts the auxiliary motor, starts the main motor, opens the relevant baffles of the air preheater, and puts the auxiliary motor on standby. The function group for establishing the air duct opens the air passage that needs to be established before starting the supplying and induced air fans. (4) In the ignition, heating and pressurization stage: the function group for oil gun calls the oil gun ignition program control. The function group for warming the mill starts the relevant oil station of the mill, opens the mill outlet door, and sets the hot and cold air doors to the appropriate positions for warming the mill. The function group for starting the mill group raises the mill roller after warming the mill. The process includes: starting the coal mill, opening the lower gate of the coal feeder, starting the coal feeder, opening the upper gate of the coal feeder, laying coal at the minimum amount, and lowering the grinding rollers after coal laying is completed; the mill air source switching function group smoothly switches the coal mill from the air source at startup to the air source for normal operation; the bypass function group automatically activates high and low bypass to meet the bypass controller requirements at each stage of boiler ignition, temperature and pressure rise, turbine start-up, and grid connection; the turbine-side condensate function group activates the turbine-side condensate interlock; for boiler temperature and pressure rise, after the first coal mill starts, the coal feed rate is automatically controlled to meet the temperature rise rate requirements of the main steam and reheat steam during the boiler temperature and pressure rise process; and boiler hot cleaning begins after the separator outlet temperature and pressure meet the requirements, starting the timer and confirming that the hot cleaning is complete. After completion, continue to increase temperature and pressure; the main steam valve preheating function group opens the relevant drain valves of the main steam valve pipeline, engages the turbine, and preheats the valve shell; (5) During the turbine start-up stage: the turbine start-up function group automatically performs ETS reset, engages the turbine, opens the high exhaust ventilation valve, and releases the high exhaust non-return valve. According to the turbine's cold and hot states, it automatically sets the target speed and rate of increase, and automatically sets the warm-up dwell time until the speed is constant; the low-pressure heater sliding start function group opens the low-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly opens the low-pressure heater extraction electric valve, controls the low-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate to not exceed the standard, and after the load reaches a certain value, the low-pressure heater starts to store water, and then switches between emergency drainage and normal drainage; the high-pressure heater sliding start function group opens the high-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly opens the high-pressure heater extraction electric valve, and controls the high-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate to not exceed the standard. The temperature rise rate does not exceed the standard. After the load reaches a certain value, the high-pressure heater starts to store water and then switches between emergency drainage and normal drainage. (6) During the grid connection stage: the generator grid connection function group puts on excitation, puts on synchronization, starts synchronization, and completes generator grid connection. (7) During the load increase stage: the denitrification function group puts on the automatic operation of the denitrification system related equipment; the dry-wet state conversion function group stabilizes the water flow at the dry-wet state conversion rated flow and increases the amount of coal at a certain rate until it is completely dry; the plant power switching function group switches the 6KV plant power standby section to the working section power supply; the water pump parallel and decommissioning function group completes the parallel operation of the first steam pump and the parallel operation of the second steam pump during the start-up process, and the electric pump decommissions; the whole process is completed by APS control, and the water supply control is put into automatic mode.The electric pump scoop tube, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation valve, and steam pump recirculation valve are all integrated into the APS control; the deaerator and shaft seal steam source switching function group switches the deaerator steam source from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction, and the shaft seal steam source switches from auxiliary steam to cold recirculation; the shutdown function group and the load reduction to 25% function group automatically control the reduction of coal quantity until the load reaches 25%; the feedwater system steam pump withdrawal function group completes the electric pump reconnection, withdrawal of the first steam pump, and withdrawal of the second steam pump during the shutdown process; the entire process is controlled by APS, and the feedwater control is put into automatic mode at the same time. The electric pump scoop tube, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation gate, and steam pump recirculation gate are all included in the APS control; the pulverizer stop function group automatically reduces the pulverizer outlet temperature, reduces the coal feed rate, closes the coal feeder inlet gate, stops the coal feeder, closes the coal feeder outlet gate, raises the grinding rollers, and stops the pulverizer; the plant power switch to standby power function group switches the plant power from the working section power supply to the standby section power supply; the MFT post-furnace purging function group sets the furnace purging air volume and performs furnace purging; the MFT 8-minute post-shutdown of the forced draft and induced draft fans function group stops the forced draft and induced draft fans.

[0022] In addition, the selected equipment-level function groups are optimized based on the original control logic to better connect the unit-level and system-level function groups.

[0023] In addition, the preferred intelligent start-stop system must be specifically optimized for the deep peak shaving (25%-50%) conditions of the unit to ensure a smooth connection between the entire start-stop process and flexible operation; retain and optimize the control system around INFIT to coordinate the actions of auxiliary equipment and reduce the workload of personnel in deep peak shaving.

[0024] In addition, to reduce the risks of manual testing and data recording deviations, the intelligent start-stop system should integrate key test function groups before and after unit startup and during daily operation, and automatically generate test reports.

[0025] In addition, the preferred intelligent start-stop system should have the ability to automatically manage equipment during daily operation, reducing tedious switching operations for operators. For example, it should integrate the automatic switching logic of "one in operation and one standby" or "two in operation and one standby" pump sets (such as circulating water pumps, oil cooler pumps, and vacuum pumps). The switching process should follow the principle of "start first, then stop, and balanced transition," automatically monitoring the outlet pressure and main pipe flow to ensure that the process does not cause parameter fluctuations.

[0026] In addition, preferably, during the execution of the unit automatic start-stop system (APS), once the underlying equipment reports an abnormality or the step sequence times out, the system should immediately stop the current operation, issue an audible and visual alarm, and switch the logic to a safe position (breakpoint pause or function group switch back to manual); the human-machine interface of the unit automatic start-stop system (APS) should display the current execution step, the expected next action, and the status of the current step execution allowable conditions in real time, and provide online operation navigation.

[0027] In addition, in the preferred step S2, which adopts a design that combines no breakpoints and breakpoints, at each breakpoint, the system should push the associated operation ticket confirmation item, on-site personnel feedback information, and the current logical flow status in real time.

[0028] Example The intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery developed in this invention has the following hardware and software configuration requirements: One Ovation standard control cabinet, matching the color of the existing DCS cabinet on site. Two pairs of high-performance redundant controllers, with sufficient clock speed and memory to meet the computational requirements of complex APS logic and APC algorithms (load rate <40%), including a matching redundant power supply, power supply baseboard, communication card, and all necessary connecting cables. A complete license for the same configuration software version as the one used on site, supporting APS-specific function blocks. A license for the Ovation APC Toolkit for implementing advanced control strategies.

[0029] The simulation verification and debugging requirements for the intelligent start-stop system of coal mining machinery based on the research method of this invention are as follows: Before the equipment leaves the factory, the successful supplier must establish a virtual DCS simulation environment that corresponds 1:1 to the field logic. Using a high-fidelity process model, all functional groups of the APS are tested under full operating conditions (cold / hot start, fault-triggered interruption, breakpoint logic verification). Only after passing the simulation verification and issuing a qualified FAT report can the logic be downloaded to the field controller.

[0030] On-site testing and inspection were conducted on all new hardware, networks, and verification logic control. In conjunction with unit startup, practical verification was carried out in stages (boiler water filling, ignition, commissioning, and grid connection). Based on actual operating data, loops and parameters were adjusted online to ensure control quality.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, Step S1: Determine the three-tier architecture; the system adopts a three-tier control structure. Step S2: The system adopts a design that combines breakpoint-free operation with breakpoint-based operation. The system is designed for "one-click start and stop". Breakpoints need to be set at critical nodes for operators to confirm and ensure safety. Breakpoint management supports automatic continuous execution, single-step execution, skipping steps and pause functions. Seamless switching ensures that when the unit's self-start and stop system exits, the underlying equipment maintains its current state or switches to a safe position without affecting the unit's regular manual / remote operation. In step S1, the three-layer architecture has a first layer, which is the unit scheduling level. As the "brain" of the system, it is responsible for global navigation, timeline management, and issuing target instructions; it coordinates the operation of downstream system-level functional groups according to the optimal timeline; and it is deployed in the newly added first pair of controllers. The second layer is the system level, which acts as the "central nervous system" and is responsible for coordinating the collaborative actions of all equipment-level functional groups within a certain process system. When scheduling-level instructions fail, it should be able to independently control downstream equipment according to the planned route. It is deployed in the newly added second pair of controllers. The third layer is the device level, which acts as the "execution terminal" and is responsible for the start-up and shutdown operations and interlock protection of specific devices. The device level logic is, in principle, retained in the original DCS controller and communicates with the upper layer through the interface, or is migrated to the new controller according to the load balance.

2. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit automatic start-stop system (APS), as the top-level command system at the unit level, achieves full-process automation of the unit through the coordinated sequence control system (SCS), analog control system (MCS), boiler furnace safety monitoring system (FSSS), steam turbine digital electro-hydraulic control system (DEH), and electrical special control devices. The system employs a hierarchical control architecture, strictly dividing it into unit scheduling, system, and equipment levels. When the intelligent start-stop system is not in operation, operators should be able to independently operate the functional groups to achieve partial automation. Timeline management incorporates project management concepts, automatically scheduling the start times of key nodes based on the target grid connection time set by operators, enabling visualized management of the startup process's timeline. Breakpoint control sets critical confirmation points throughout the startup process; each breakpoint should include entry permission conditions, execution sequence, skip logic, and a help screen for operation.

3. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to the unit start-up and shutdown operation procedures of the unit's automatic start-up and shutdown system, the unit-level intelligent start-up and shutdown system divides the unit start-up into seven major nodes. Node a, Start-up Preparation Stage: This includes the establishment of the circulating water system and the open / closed water system, the automatic start-up of the lubricating oil / sealing oil / EH oil system, and the prefabrication of related electric doors and regulating doors; Node b, Deaerator water filling stage: Automatic start and stop of condensate pump, automatic adjustment of deaerator water level, automatic operation of auxiliary steam preheating logic, ensuring stable rise of deaerator temperature and pressure; Node c, Boiler water supply and cleaning stage: Automatically executes cold / hot cleaning logic, automatically starts the feed water pump and boiler start circulation pump, and achieves precise control of the separator water level; Node d, Ignition, Heating and Pressurization Stage: Linked with FSSS to perform furnace purging, realize one-key ignition of oil gun / plasma system, automatically monitor pressure rise rate and dynamically adjust combustion load; Node e, turbine start-up and speed-up stage: Automatically executes step-by-step warm-up valve, low-speed friction check, low-speed warm-up, over-critical acceleration control, and 3000rpm warm-up logic; Node f, generator grid connection stage: Automatic excitation is activated, and automatic grid connection is performed in coordination with the synchronizing device. After grid connection, the load is quickly increased to the initial load and the main body drain valve is automatically closed. Node g, Unit load ramp-up phase: Automatically execute the sequential sliding connection of auxiliary equipment until the unit enters the CCS regulation zone and reaches the target load.

4. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unit-level intelligent start-stop system also includes, but is not limited to, the following functional groups. (1) In the pre-start preparation stage: Circulating water function group, static water injection, dynamic water injection, automatic start of the pre-selected circulating water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the circulating water system; Open water function group, water injection in the open water system under empty pipe state, automatic start of the pre-selected open cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the open water system; Closed cooling water function group, water injection in the closed water system under empty pipe state, automatic start of the pre-selected closed cooling water pump, put into standby, and overall start of the closed water system; Auxiliary steam warming and activation function group, user isolation of the auxiliary steam system, gradual warming of the pipe, opening of drains until the temperature and pressure of the auxiliary steam system meet the requirements; Lubricating oil function group, start of the exhaust fan, start of the pre-selected lubricating oil pump, trial run of the DC lubricating oil pump until the pressure of the lubricating oil system is established and the system is normal; Sealing oil function group, start of the pre-selected sealing oil exhaust fan, start of the pre-selected sealing oil pump, put into standby; EH oil function group, start of the pre-selected EH oil circulating pump, start of the pre-selected EH oil pump, put into standby; (2) During the deaerator water supply and heating stage: Condensate function group, condenser water supply, condensate pipeline water injection and evacuation, condensate pump start-up, condensate system discharge mode; Condensate pump function group, pre-select condensate pump start-up; Deaerator water supply and heating function group, first heat at a small opening, and when the deaerator temperature starts to rise, automatically control the deaerator water temperature rise rate to meet the boiler water supply requirements. (3) During the boiler water filling stage: Boiler water filling function group, before boiler water filling, set all boiler vent valves and water-side drain valves to appropriate positions, start the pre-pump or electric pump, set the feedwater bypass valve to water filling position, and wait for the boiler water filling to be completed; Shaft seal vacuuming function group, open the relevant drains of the shaft seal system, warm up the auxiliary steam to the shaft seal pipeline, warm up the shaft seal system, start the shaft fan, after the shaft seal warming is completed, put the shaft seal pressure into automatic mode, start all vacuum pumps to vacuum, and stop some vacuum pumps after the vacuum is established; Small oil system function group: start the pre-selected small oil tank exhaust fan, put the fan into standby, start the pre-selected small AC lubricating oil pump, put the oil pump into standby, and put the lubricating oil cooling water into automatic mode; Steam pump pre-pump function group: close the steam pump pre-pump outlet valve, start the pre-pump, and set the recirculation valve. The small turbine steam pump function group and the small turbine steam source warm-up function group are used for opening the main body and steam inlet drain, judging the steam source for warm-up, and slowly opening the steam inlet electric valve for warm-up; the small turbine start-up function group is used for small turbine ETS reset, brake engagement, setting target speed and rate of increase, and warm-up; the small turbine steam source switching function automatically completes the switching of steam pump steam source from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction; the boiler cold cleaning function group is used after the boiler is filled with water, setting the feedwater bypass valve to the boiler cold cleaning position for cold flushing; the boiler flue gas system function group includes the boiler side drain and air valve function group, which sets the boiler according to the cold and hot states of the boiler. Appropriate placement of drainage and venting doors; Forward / Induced / Primary Air Fan Function Group: Start the forward and induced draft fan oil station, first start one induced draft fan and one forward draft fan, then start the second induced draft fan and one forward draft fan, and automatically parallel them. Throughout the process, ensure normal furnace negative pressure. After completion, ensure automatic furnace negative pressure and automatic air supply, with the air supply meeting the purging air volume requirements; Air Preheater Function Group: Auxiliary motor trial run, main motor start, opening relevant air preheater baffles, and auxiliary motor standby; Air Duct Establishment Function Group: Open the air passages that need to be established before starting the forward and induced draft fans; (4) During the ignition, heating and pressurization stages: Oil gun function group calls the oil gun ignition program control; Warm mill function group starts the relevant oil station of the mill, opens the mill outlet door, and sets the hot and cold air doors to the appropriate positions for warm milling; Mill group start function group raises the mill rollers, starts the coal mill, opens the lower gate of the coal feeder, starts the coal feeder, opens the upper gate of the coal feeder, lays coal with the minimum amount of coal, and lowers the mill rollers after laying coal; Mill air source switching function group smoothly switches the coal mill from the air source at startup to the air source for normal operation; Bypass function group puts the high and low bypass automatic into operation to meet the needs of boiler ignition, heating and pressurization, steam The controller requirements for bypasses at each stage of turbine commissioning and grid connection; the turbine-side condensate drain function group, engaging the turbine-side condensate interlock; boiler heating and pressurization, after the first coal mill starts, automatically controlling the coal feed rate to meet the temperature rise rate requirements for main steam and reheat steam during boiler heating and pressurization; boiler hot cleaning, after the separator outlet temperature and pressure meet the requirements, entering the boiler hot flushing stage, starting the timer, and continuing heating and pressurization after the operator confirms that the hot flushing is completed; main steam valve preheating function group, opening the relevant condensate drain valves in the main steam valve pipeline, engaging the turbine, and preheating the valve shell; (5) During the turbine start-up phase: The turbine start-up function group automatically performs ETS reset, turbine tripping, high-pressure exhaust ventilation valve opening, and high-pressure exhaust non-return valve release. Based on the turbine's cold and hot states, it automatically sets the target speed and rate of increase, and automatically sets the warm-up dwell time until the speed is constant. The low-pressure heater sliding start function group opens the low-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly opens the low-pressure heater extraction electric valve, controls the low-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate to not exceed the standard, and after the load reaches a certain value, the low-pressure heater starts to store water, and then switches between emergency drainage and normal drainage. The high-pressure heater sliding start function group opens the high-pressure heater extraction non-return valve, slowly opens the high-pressure heater extraction electric valve, controls the high-pressure heater outlet water temperature rise rate to not exceed the standard, and after the load reaches a certain value, the high-pressure heater starts to store water, and then switches between emergency drainage and normal drainage. (6) During the grid connection phase: the generator grid connection function group engages excitation, engages synchronization, starts synchronization, and completes generator grid connection; (7) During the load increase phase: Denitrification function group, the relevant equipment of the denitrification system is put into automatic mode; Dry-wet state conversion function group, the feedwater flow rate is stabilized at the rated flow rate of dry-wet state conversion, and the coal quantity is increased at a certain rate until it is completely dry; Plant power switching function group, the 6KV plant power standby section is switched to the working section power supply; Feedwater pump paralleling and decommissioning function group, the first steam pump is paralleled, the second steam pump is paralleled, and the electric pump is decommissioned during the start-up process; the whole process is completed by APS control, and the feedwater control is put into automatic mode at the same time; Electric pump scoop tube, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation valve, and steam pump recirculation valve are all included in APS control; Deaerator and shaft seal steam source switching function group, the deaerator steam source is switched from auxiliary steam to fourth extraction, and the shaft seal steam source is switched from auxiliary steam to cold recirculation; Shutdown function group, load reduction to 25% function group, APS The system automatically reduces coal consumption until the load reaches 25%. The feedwater system's steam pump shutdown function group completes the shutdown process by merging the electric pumps, shutting down the first steam pump, and then the second steam pump. The entire process is controlled by the APS, while the feedwater control is in automatic mode. The electric pump scoop pipe, steam pump speed, electric pump recirculation valve, and steam pump recirculation valve are all integrated into the APS control. The pulverizer stop function group automatically reduces the pulverizer outlet temperature, reduces the coal feed rate, closes the feeder inlet valve, stops the feeder, closes the feeder outlet valve, raises the mill rollers, and stops the pulverizer. The plant power switch to standby power function group switches the plant power from the working section power supply to the standby section power supply. The MFT post-furnace purging function group sets the furnace purging airflow and performs furnace purging. The MFT 8-minute post-shutdown of the forced draft and induced draft fans function group stops the forced draft and induced draft fans.

5. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device-level functional groups are optimized based on the original control logic to better connect the unit-level and system-level functional groups.

6. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent start-stop system must undergo specific logic optimization for deep peak shaving conditions of the unit to ensure a smooth transition between the entire start-stop process and flexible operation; retain and optimize the control system around INFIT to coordinate the actions of auxiliary equipment and reduce the workload of personnel in deep peak shaving.

7. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 6, characterized in that: To reduce the risks of manual testing and data recording deviations, the intelligent start-stop system needs to integrate key test function groups before and after unit startup and during daily operation, and automatically generate test reports.

8. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intelligent start-stop system should have the ability to automatically manage equipment during daily operation, reducing the tedious switching operations for operators.

9. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the execution of the unit's automatic start-stop system (APS), if the underlying equipment reports an abnormality or the step sequence times out, the system should immediately stop the current operation, issue an audible and visual alarm, and switch the logic to a safe position. The human-machine interface of the unit's automatic start-stop system (APS) should display the current execution step, the expected next action, and the status of the current step's execution allowable conditions in real time, and provide online operation navigation.

10. The research method for an intelligent start-stop system for coal mining machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, which adopts a design that combines no breakpoints and breakpoints, at each breakpoint, the system should push the associated operation ticket confirmation item, on-site personnel feedback information, and the current logical flow status in real time.