Power supply cooling management system and method

Abstract

The application relates to a PC power supply heat dissipation management system and method; wherein the system comprises an MCU control module connected with a power supply opening signal power supply state detection module, a power supply temperature detection module, a fan driving module and an over-temperature protection detection module; the power supply state detection module is used for providing a power supply working state indication signal of a monitored power supply to the MCU control module; the temperature detection module is used for detecting temperature changes of the monitored power supply and providing a temperature detection signal inside the monitored power supply to the MCU control module; the fan driving module is used for receiving a power supply fan control signal of the MCU control module and controlling a rotating state of the fan; and the over-temperature protection detection module is used for detecting a limit temperature value inside the power supply and providing an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module. The scheme can ensure that the fan is low in noise and power consumption and can ensure that the power supply can safely operate in any working state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, and in particular to a PC power supply heat dissipation management method and system. Background Technology

[0002] A PC (Personal Computer Power Supply) is a core component in a computer system that converts AC power into stable DC power required by the computer's internal hardware. With the continuous improvement of computer performance and the increasing demands of users for a superior user experience, PC power supplies must not only provide stable power but also meet multiple requirements such as low noise, high reliability, and energy efficiency.

[0003] Currently, PC power supplies generally use fans for forced air cooling. The rotation of the fan generates mechanical noise and airflow noise, which is particularly noticeable in quiet operating environments, seriously affecting the user experience.

[0004] In existing technologies, to meet the performance requirements of low noise and high reliability, some high-end power supply products have begun to introduce intelligent fan control technology, such as using a hybrid fan mode to achieve silent operation under low load through digital thermal monitoring. However, these solutions typically rely on dedicated power management monitoring chips to implement protection functions, such as over-temperature protection (OTP), over-voltage protection (OVP), and under-voltage protection (UVP). While solutions using multiple dedicated chips offer more comprehensive functionality, they suffer from limited chip selection, higher costs, and the fact that various protection and fan control functions are often implemented by different chips or discrete circuits, leading to complex circuit design, difficult PCB layout and routing, increased failure rates, and higher costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve them, this application provides a PC power supply heat dissipation management method and system.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a PC power supply thermal management system, the system comprising:

[0007] The MCU control module is connected to the power-on signal power status detection module, the power temperature detection module, the fan drive module, and the over-temperature protection detection module, respectively.

[0008] The power status detection module is used to provide the MCU control module with a power operating status indication signal of the monitored power supply;

[0009] The temperature detection module is used to detect the temperature change of the monitored power supply and provide the MCU control module with the internal temperature detection signal of the monitored power supply;

[0010] The fan drive module is used to receive the power fan control signal from the MCU control module and control the rotation state of the fan.

[0011] The over-temperature protection detection module is used to detect the extreme temperature value inside the power supply and provide an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module.

[0012] The MCU control module is used to determine the operating status of the monitored PC power supply based on the power supply operating status indication signal. When the PC power supply is in standby mode, it controls the power supply fan to stop rotating through the fan drive module. When the PC power supply is in normal operating mode, it obtains the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply through the temperature detection module and controls the rotation state of the fan based on the temperature detection signal. It also executes protection actions for the power supply after receiving the over-temperature protection trigger signal from the over-temperature protection detection module.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, the power status detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor;

[0014] One end of the first voltage divider resistor is used to connect to the power supply operating status indication signal, and the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor and the PSON detection pin of the MCU control module, respectively.

[0015] The other end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the MCU control module.

[0016] In one embodiment of this application, the temperature detection module includes a first thermistor and a third voltage divider resistor;

[0017] One end of the first thermistor is used to connect to the reference voltage, and the other end of the first thermistor is connected to one end of the third voltage divider resistor, the temperature detection pin of the MCU control module, and the speed control terminal of the fan drive module.

[0018] The other end of the third voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, the fan drive module includes:

[0020] The drive unit is used to output a drive voltage according to the fan control signal of the MCU control module;

[0021] The speed control unit is used to adjust the magnitude of the drive voltage according to the speed control signal of the MCU control module, so as to adjust the speed of the fan;

[0022] The driving unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor; the base of the first switching transistor is connected to the fan control pin of the MCU control module, the collector of the first switching transistor is connected to the base of the second switching transistor, and the emitter of the first switching transistor is grounded.

[0023] The emitter of the second switching transistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the collector of the second switching transistor is connected to the speed control unit.

[0024] The speed control unit includes a third switch and a fourth switch;

[0025] The base of the third switch is connected to the temperature detection module, the collector of the third switch is connected to the gate of the fourth switch, and the emitter of the third switch is grounded.

[0026] The drain of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the drive unit, and the source of the fourth switching transistor (Q54) is used to connect to the fan.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the system further includes:

[0028] An over-temperature protection detection module, connected to the MCU control module, is used to detect the extreme temperature inside the power supply and provide an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module.

[0029] The MCU control module is further configured to control the fan to start when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a first temperature threshold; and to control the power supply to perform over-temperature protection shutdown when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a second temperature threshold or when the over-temperature protection trigger signal is received; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0030] In one embodiment of this application, the over-temperature protection detection module includes a second thermistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor;

[0031] One end of the second thermistor is used to connect to the reference voltage, and the other end of the second thermistor is connected to one end of the fourth voltage divider resistor and the over-temperature protection detection pin of the MCU control module, respectively.

[0032] The other end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, the system further includes: a voltage detection module and a protection control module, wherein the MCU control module is connected to the voltage detection module and the protection control module respectively;

[0034] The voltage detection module is used to provide the power supply output voltage detection signal to the MCU control module;

[0035] The protection control module is used to receive the protection trigger signal and control the power supply to perform shutdown protection;

[0036] The MCU control module is also used to send a protection trigger signal to the protection control module when the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, the protection control module includes a seventh voltage divider resistor, an optocoupler, and a fifth switching transistor;

[0038] The control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the protection trigger pin of the MCU control module. The collector of the fifth switch (Q58) is grounded, and the emitter of the fifth switch is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler via the seventh voltage divider resistor.

[0039] The output terminal of the optocoupler is used to connect to the primary side control circuit of the power supply.

[0040] Secondly, this application provides a power supply secondary monitoring and fan control method, the method being applied to a system as described in any embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0041] Obtain the operating status of the monitored PC's power supply;

[0042] When the PC power supply is in standby mode, the power supply fan is controlled to stop rotating;

[0043] When the PC power supply is in operation, acquire the temperature detection signal inside the power supply;

[0044] The fan's rotation state is dynamically controlled based on the temperature detection signal.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the dynamic control of the fan's rotation state based on the temperature detection signal includes:

[0046] If the temperature detection signal is lower than the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to stop rotating.

[0047] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to start and run at a speed that is positively correlated with the temperature detection signal;

[0048] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, the power supply is controlled to perform over-temperature protection shutdown; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0050] This application provides a PC power supply thermal management system, including an MCU control module, a power supply status detection module, a power supply temperature detection module, a fan drive module, and an over-temperature protection detection module. The MCU control module is connected to the power supply status detection module, the power supply temperature detection module, the fan drive module, and the over-temperature protection module. The power supply status detection module provides the MCU control module with a power supply operating status indication signal. The temperature detection module detects temperature changes in the monitored power supply and provides the MCU control module with an internal temperature detection signal. The fan drive module receives a power fan control signal from the MCU control module and controls the fan's rotation based on that signal. The over-temperature protection detection module detects the power supply's internal extreme temperature and sends an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module. The MCU control module is used to determine the operating status of the monitored PC power supply based on the aforementioned power supply operating status indication signal. When the PC power supply is in standby mode, the fan drive module controls the power supply fan to stop rotating. When the PC power supply is in normal operating mode, the temperature detection module acquires the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply and controls the fan rotation based on the temperature detection signal. Upon receiving an over-temperature protection trigger signal, it executes protection actions for the power supply, such as shutting down. In this embodiment, when the power supply is in standby mode, the fan is turned off. When the power supply is in normal operating mode, the temperature of the power supply is detected, and the fan operation is controlled according to the temperature change. When the temperature reaches the limit value, the protection action for the power supply is triggered. Thus, through a complete set of safety protection mechanisms, while minimizing fan noise and power consumption, the power supply can operate safely in any operating state. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PC power supply heat dissipation management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a PC power supply heat dissipation management system provided in a specific embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a PC power supply heat dissipation management method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a PC power supply thermal management system provided in an embodiment of this application; see reference. Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, a PC power supply thermal management system includes:

[0058] The MCU control module 10 includes a power status detection module 20, a power temperature detection module 30, a fan drive module 40, and an over-temperature protection detection module 50. The MCU control module 10 is connected to the power status detection module 20, the power temperature detection module 30, the fan drive module 40, and the over-temperature protection detection module 50, respectively.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power status detection module 20 is used to provide a power operating status indication signal to the MCU control module 10. For example, the power operating status indication signal is a PS / ON signal.

[0060] The aforementioned power supply temperature detection module 30 is used to provide the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply to the MCU control module 10.

[0061] The aforementioned fan drive module 40 is used to receive fan control signals from the MCU control module 10 and control the rotation state of the fan.

[0062] The aforementioned MCU control module 10 is used to obtain the operating status of the monitored PC power supply based on the aforementioned power supply operating status indication signal; when the PC power supply is in standby mode, it controls the power supply fan to stop rotating through the fan drive module 40; when the PC power supply is in operating mode, it obtains the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply through the power supply temperature detection module 30, and controls the fan rotation state based on the temperature detection signal.

[0063] The PC power supply thermal management system provided in this embodiment solves the problems of complex circuit design in the prior art, which easily leads to lack of protection or unstable fan start-stop, based on secondary monitoring and fan stop control circuits. After functional integration by MCU, it achieves unified control, comprehensive monitoring of the status of each point, and precise control, thus achieving the positive effects of simple circuit and strong safety.

[0064] See Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates the circuit structure of a PC power supply thermal management system according to a specific embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the PC power supply thermal management system includes: an MCU control module (IC53) 10, a power status detection module, a temperature detection module, a fan drive module, an over-temperature protection detection module, a voltage detection module 60, a protection control module 70, and a VCC power supply module 80.

[0065] The VCC power supply module includes a step-down chip IC54 and a filter capacitor C65. When the power supply outputs +12V, the step-down chip IC54 performs voltage reduction, and the filter capacitor C65 filters the voltage, providing the operating voltage to the VDD pin of the MCU control module IC53. After receiving power, the MCU control module IC53 enters monitoring mode, detecting the signal status of each input pin in real time.

[0066] The specific circuit structure and working principle of each functional module in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] In this embodiment, the power status detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor R88 and a second voltage divider resistor R83. One end of the first voltage divider resistor R88 is used to connect to the PS / ON signal, and the other end of the first voltage divider resistor R88 is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor R83 and the PSON detection pin PA0 of the MCU control module IC53.

[0068] The other end of the second voltage divider resistor R83 is connected to the MCU control module IC53.

[0069] In this embodiment, the power status indication signal is the power-on signal defined in the ATX power supply specification, which is active low. The power status detection module uses the first voltage divider resistor R88 and the second voltage divider resistor R83 to form a voltage divider circuit, transmitting the power status indication signal's level to the PSON detection pin of the MCU control module IC53. Based on the detected power status indication signal's level, the MCU control module IC53 determines the current operating mode of the PC power supply. When the power status indication signal is high, the PC power supply is in standby mode; when the power status indication signal is low, the PC power supply is in normal operating mode.

[0070] In this embodiment, the temperature detection module includes a first thermistor RT51 and a third voltage divider resistor R73. One end of the first thermistor RT51 is connected to the temperature detection signal terminal TS, and the other end of the first thermistor RT51 is connected to one end of the third voltage divider resistor R73, the temperature detection pin of the MCU control module IC53, and the speed control terminal of the fan drive module. The other end of the third voltage divider resistor (R73) is grounded.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first thermistor RT51 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, whose resistance decreases as temperature increases. The first thermistor RT51 and the third voltage divider resistor R73 form a voltage divider circuit, converting the internal temperature change of the power supply into a voltage change. The voltage at this voltage divider node is simultaneously transmitted to two paths: one path is transmitted to the temperature detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 for analog-to-digital conversion and temperature judgment; the other path is directly transmitted to the speed control terminal of the fan drive module for hardware-level analog speed control. Thus, the temperature detection module achieves real-time detection of internal temperature changes in the monitored power supply and provides the MCU control module IC53 with the internal temperature detection signal of the monitored power supply.

[0072] In this embodiment, the fan drive module includes a drive unit and a speed control unit; wherein the drive unit is used to output a drive voltage according to the fan control signal of the MCU control module; and the speed control unit is used to adjust the magnitude of the drive voltage according to the speed control signal of the MCU control module to adjust the fan speed.

[0073] Specifically, the drive unit is used to output a drive voltage according to the fan control signal of the MCU control module IC53. The drive unit includes a first switch Q61 and a second switch Q53.

[0074] In this configuration, the base of the first switching transistor Q61 is connected to the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53, the collector of the first switching transistor Q61 is connected to the base of the second switching transistor Q53, and the emitter of the first switching transistor Q61 is grounded.

[0075] The emitter of the second switching transistor Q53 is connected to the +12V power supply voltage, and the collector of the second switching transistor Q53 is connected to the speed control unit mentioned above.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first switch Q61 is an NPN transistor, and the second switch Q53 is a PNP transistor. When the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a high potential, the first switch Q61 is turned on, its collector is at a low potential, the base of the second switch Q53 is pulled low, and the second switch Q53 is turned on. The +12V supply voltage is output to the speed control unit through the emitter and collector of the second switch Q53. When the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low potential, the first switch Q61 is turned off, the base of the second switch Q53 is at a high potential, and the second switch Q53 is turned off, stopping the power supply to the speed control unit.

[0077] Specifically, the speed control unit is used to adjust the magnitude of the drive voltage according to the temperature signal provided by the temperature detection module, thereby adjusting the fan speed. The speed control unit includes a third switch Q55 and a fourth switch Q54. The base of the third switch Q55 is connected to the temperature detection module (i.e., connected to the series node of the first thermistor RT51 and the third voltage divider resistor R73), the collector of the third switch Q55 is connected to the gate of the fourth switch Q54, and the emitter of the third switch Q55 is grounded.

[0078] The drain of the fourth switch Q54 is connected to the drive unit, and the source of the fourth switch Q54 is used to connect to the fan FAN1.

[0079] In this embodiment, the third switch Q55 is an NPN transistor, and the fourth switch Q54 is an N-channel MOSFET. The base of the third switch (Q55) receives a voltage divider node voltage from the temperature detection module, which increases with increasing temperature. When the temperature rises, the base voltage of the third switch Q55 increases, its conduction deepens, its collector potential is pulled down, the gate voltage of the fourth switch Q54 decreases accordingly, the on-resistance of the fourth switch Q54 increases, and the current output to the fan FAN1 decreases. Conversely, when the temperature decreases, the base voltage of the third switch Q55 decreases, its conduction weakens, the gate voltage of the fourth switch Q54 increases, the on-resistance of the fourth switch Q54 decreases, and the current output to the fan FAN1 increases. Thus, a positive correlation regulation is achieved where the fan speed increases with increasing temperature.

[0080] In this embodiment, the fan drive module receives the power fan control signal from the MCU control module IC53 and controls the fan's rotation state.

[0081] In this embodiment, the over-temperature protection detection module includes a second thermistor RT52 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R77. One end of the second thermistor RT52 is connected to the TS signal terminal, and the other end of the second thermistor RT52 is connected to one end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R77 and the over-temperature protection detection pin PC2 of the MCU control module IC53. The other end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R77 is grounded.

[0082] In this embodiment, the second thermistor RT52 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, whose resistance decreases as temperature increases. The second thermistor RT52 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R77 form a voltage divider circuit to detect the internal extreme temperature value of the power supply. When the internal temperature of the power supply rises to the extreme value, the resistance of the second thermistor RT52 decreases, and the detection voltage at its voltage divider node increases. This voltage is transmitted to the over-temperature protection detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 via the fourth voltage divider resistor R77. When the MCU control module IC53 detects that the voltage at this pin reaches the preset over-temperature protection threshold voltage, it confirms receipt of the over-temperature protection trigger signal and executes the protection action for the power supply.

[0083] This enables the over-temperature protection detection module to detect the extreme temperature value inside the power supply and provide an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module IC53.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, the MCU control module is further configured to control the fan to start when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a first temperature threshold; and to control the power supply to perform over-temperature protection shutdown when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a second temperature threshold or when an over-temperature protection trigger signal is received; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0085] In one embodiment of this application, the system further includes a voltage detection module 60 and a protection control module, wherein the MCU control module is connected to the voltage detection module and the protection control module respectively;

[0086] The voltage detection module is used to provide the output voltage detection signal of the power supply to the MCU control module.

[0087] The protection control module is used to receive protection trigger signals and control the power supply to perform shutdown protection.

[0088] In this embodiment, the MCU control module is also used to send a protection trigger signal to the protection control module when the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range.

[0089] Reference Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the voltage detection module includes a fifth voltage divider resistor R86 and a sixth voltage divider resistor R85. One end of the fifth voltage divider resistor R86 is connected to the output voltage of the power supply, and the other end of the fifth voltage divider resistor R86 is connected to one end of the sixth voltage divider resistor R85 and the voltage detection pin of the MCU control module IC53. The other end of the sixth voltage divider resistor R85 is grounded.

[0090] In this embodiment, the fifth voltage divider resistor R86 and the sixth voltage divider resistor R85 constitute a voltage divider circuit for detecting the output voltage of the power supply. The output voltage of the power supply is then transmitted to the voltage detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 after being divided.

[0091] The voltage detection module provides the power supply's output voltage detection signal to the MCU control module IC53. The MCU control module IC53 monitors this voltage detection signal in real time to determine whether the power supply's output voltage is within the preset normal voltage range.

[0092] In this embodiment, the protection control module includes a seventh voltage divider resistor R87, an optocoupler IC3A, and a fifth switch Q58. The control terminal of the fifth switch Q58 is connected to the protection trigger pin of the MCU control module IC53. The collector of the fifth switch Q58 is grounded, and the emitter of the fifth switch Q58 is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler IC3A via the seventh voltage divider resistor R87. The output terminal of the optocoupler IC3A is used to connect to the primary side control circuit of the power supply.

[0093] In this embodiment, the fifth switching transistor Q58 is a PNP transistor. When the MCU control module IC53 detects an abnormal state (including over-temperature, over-voltage, or under-voltage), its protection trigger pin outputs a low potential, the fifth switching transistor Q58 is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current, current flows through the input terminal of the optocoupler IC3A, the optocoupler IC3A is turned on, and the protection trigger signal is transmitted to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, controlling the power supply to perform shutdown protection. The protection control module is used to receive the protection trigger signal sent by the MCU control module IC53 and control the power supply to perform shutdown protection.

[0094] The aforementioned MCU control module IC53 is the core control unit of this invention embodiment. Its control logic includes working mode judgment, fan rotation status control, and multiple protection control.

[0095] In a specific operating mode, the MCU control module IC53 acquires the power status indication signal of the monitored PC power supply through the power status detection module. When the power status indication signal is high, the MCU control module IC53 determines that the PC power supply is in standby mode; when the power status indication signal is low, the MCU control module IC53 determines that the PC power supply is in normal operating mode.

[0096] When the PC power supply is in standby mode, the MCU control module IC53 controls the power supply fan to stop rotating through the fan drive module, achieving zero-noise operation in standby mode and reducing the additional power consumption caused by fan operation.

[0097] When the PC power supply is in normal operating mode, the MCU control module IC53 obtains the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply through the temperature detection module, and controls the fan rotation state based on the temperature detection signal. Specifically:

[0098] When the temperature detection signal is below the first temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply is within a safe range and fan cooling is not required. The MCU control module IC53 controls the fan to stop rotating. During this stage, the power supply can meet its cooling needs through passive cooling via natural convection and radiation.

[0099] When the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply has risen to a level requiring active cooling. The MCU control module IC53 controls the fan to start and operate at a speed positively correlated with the temperature detection signal; the higher the temperature, the faster the fan speed controlled by the MCU control module IC53; when the temperature decreases, the fan speed controlled by the MCU control module IC53 decreases accordingly. For example, the MCU control module IC53 outputs a PWM signal or a switching signal through its fan control pin to control the conduction state of the first switch Q61 and the second switch Q53 in the drive unit, thereby controlling the power supply to the fan; simultaneously, the voltage of the voltage divider node of the temperature detection module directly controls the conduction level of the third switch Q55 in the speed control unit, thereby adjusting the output current of the fourth switch Q54 to achieve continuous adjustment of the fan speed.

[0100] When the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply has risen to a dangerous level, potentially indicating heat dissipation failure, fan malfunction, or abnormal overload. This second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold. At this time, the MCU control module IC53 controls the power supply to perform an over-temperature protection shutdown.

[0101] In addition to the over-temperature protection control based on the temperature detection signal mentioned above, the MCU control module IC53 in this embodiment also monitors the internal extreme temperature value of the power supply in real time through the over-temperature protection detection module. When the over-temperature protection detection module detects that the internal temperature of the power supply has reached the extreme temperature value, the resistance of the second thermistor RT52 decreases, and the voltage of its voltage divider node rises to the over-temperature protection threshold. The over-temperature protection detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 receives the over-temperature protection trigger signal, and the MCU control module IC53 immediately controls the power supply to perform shutdown protection through the protection control module.

[0102] Meanwhile, the MCU control module IC53 acquires the output voltage detection signal of the power supply in real time through the voltage detection module. When the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range, that is, when the detected voltage is higher than the preset overvoltage protection threshold or lower than the preset undervoltage protection threshold, the MCU control module IC53 sends a protection trigger signal to the protection control module, which then controls the power supply to perform overvoltage protection shutdown or undervoltage protection shutdown.

[0103] The above-mentioned over-temperature protection, over-voltage protection and under-voltage protection are executed in the same way: when the MCU control module IC53 detects any abnormal state, its protection trigger pin outputs a low potential, the fifth switch Q58 in the protection control module is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current and turns on the optocoupler IC3A, transmitting the protection trigger signal to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, and controlling the power supply to perform shutdown protection.

[0104] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a PC power supply thermal management method provided in this application embodiment; see reference. Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a PC power supply heat dissipation management method, which is applied to the above-mentioned system and includes the following steps S10-S40:

[0105] Step S10: Obtain the operating status of the monitored PC power supply.

[0106] When the power supply outputs +12V, the step-down chip IC54 in the VCC power supply module performs voltage reduction, and the filter capacitor C65 filters the voltage, providing the operating voltage to pin 1 of the MCU control module IC53. After receiving power, the MCU control module IC53 enters monitoring mode, detecting the level status of each input pin in real time.

[0107] Specifically, the power operation status indicator signal of the monitored PC power supply is obtained; if the power operation status indicator signal is at a high level, the PC power supply is determined to be in standby mode; if the power operation status indicator signal is at a low level, the PC power supply is determined to be in operation.

[0108] Step S20: When the PC power supply is in standby mode, control the power supply fan to stop rotating.

[0109] Specifically, when the computer is in standby mode, it is in a low-power state, and the power status indicator signal is at a high level. At this time, the first voltage divider resistor R88 and the second voltage divider resistor R83 divide the power status indicator signal. After the PSON detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 detects the low threshold voltage, the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low level.

[0110] In response to the low potential output of the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53, the first switch Q61 in the fan drive module is turned off, the base of the second switch Q53 is at a high potential, the second switch Q53 is turned off, the fan drive module stops supplying power to the fan, and the fan stops running due to the lack of power.

[0111] Step S30: When the PC power supply is in working condition, acquire the temperature detection signal inside the power supply.

[0112] Specifically, when the computer is powered on, the power status indicator signal is at a low level. At this time, the first voltage divider resistor R88 and the second voltage divider resistor R83 divide the power status indicator signal. After the PSON detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 detects the high threshold voltage, the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a high level.

[0113] In response to the high potential output of the fan control pin of the MCU control module IC53, the first switch Q61 in the fan drive module is turned on, the base of the second switch Q53 is at a low potential, the second switch Q53 is turned on, and the fan drive module supplies power to the fan.

[0114] Meanwhile, the MCU control module IC53 acquires the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply through a temperature detection module. This temperature detection module includes a first thermistor RT51 and a third voltage divider resistor R73. The first thermistor RT51 and the third voltage divider resistor R73 form a voltage divider circuit, converting the internal temperature change of the power supply into a voltage change. The voltage at this voltage divider node is simultaneously transmitted to the temperature detection pin of the MCU control module IC53 and the speed control terminal of the fan drive module.

[0115] Step S40: Dynamically control the rotation state of the fan based on the temperature detection signal; specifically including:

[0116] If the temperature detection signal is lower than the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to stop rotating.

[0117] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to start and run at a speed that is positively correlated with the temperature detection signal;

[0118] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, the power supply is controlled to perform over-temperature protection shutdown; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0119] For example, when the temperature detection signal is below the first temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply is within a safe range and no fan cooling is required. At this time, the MCU control module IC53 controls the fan to stop rotating.

[0120] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to start and run at a speed that is positively correlated with the temperature detection signal.

[0121] When the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply has risen to a level requiring active cooling. The MCU control module IC53 controls the fan to start and operate at a speed positively correlated with the temperature detection signal.

[0122] During fan operation, the first thermistor RT51 and the third voltage divider resistor R73 continuously monitor the temperature and perform voltage division. The voltage at this voltage divider node directly controls the base voltage of the third switch Q55 in the fan drive module. In low-power mode, the internal temperature of the power supply is not high, the resistance of the first thermistor RT51 is relatively large, the voltage at the voltage divider node is low, and the third switch Q55 provides a small control current, controlling the fourth switch Q54 to output a small fan current, allowing the fan to operate at low speed under low voltage.

[0123] When the computer is running in a high-power state, the power supply output power increases, the internal heat generation increases, the temperature detected by the first thermistor RT51 rises, its resistance decreases, the voltage of the voltage divider node rises, the base voltage of the third switch Q55 rises, its conduction degree deepens, and the fourth switch Q54 is controlled to output a larger fan current, so that the fan runs at high speed under high voltage, realizing automatic adjustment of fan speed according to temperature.

[0124] If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, the control power supply will perform over-temperature protection shutdown; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0125] Specifically, when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, it indicates that the internal temperature of the power supply has risen to a dangerous level, potentially indicating heat dissipation failure, fan malfunction, or abnormal overload. At this time, the control trigger pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low potential, the fifth switch Q58 in the protection control module is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current, and the optocoupler IC3A is turned on, transmitting the protection trigger signal to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, controlling the power supply to perform over-temperature protection shutdown.

[0126] In one embodiment of this application, the above method further includes the following step A10:

[0127] Step A10: Obtain the over-temperature protection trigger signal, and perform the power supply protection action after receiving the over-temperature protection trigger signal.

[0128] Specifically, the MCU control module IC53 also monitors the internal extreme temperature value of the power supply in real time through an over-temperature protection detection module. This over-temperature protection detection module includes a second thermistor RT52 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R77, which together form a voltage divider circuit.

[0129] When the power supply operates under overload or high temperature conditions, causing the internal temperature to rise to its limit, the second thermistor RT52 detects the temperature increase, its resistance decreases, and the detection voltage at the voltage divider node increases. After being divided by the fourth voltage divider resistor R77, the voltage is transmitted to the over-temperature protection detection pin of the MCU control module IC53. When the MCU control module IC53 detects that the voltage at this pin reaches the preset over-temperature protection threshold voltage, it confirms that it has received the over-temperature protection trigger signal.

[0130] In response to the over-temperature protection trigger signal, the protection trigger pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low potential, the fifth switch Q58 in the protection control module is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current, the optocoupler IC3A is turned on, and the protection trigger signal is transmitted to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, controlling the power supply to perform over-temperature protection shutdown.

[0131] In another embodiment of this application, the above method further includes the following step B10:

[0132] Step B10: Obtain the output voltage detection signal of the power supply, and if the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range, control the power supply to perform overvoltage protection shutdown or undervoltage protection shutdown.

[0133] Specifically, while performing the aforementioned fan control and over-temperature protection, the MCU control module IC53 also acquires the power supply's output voltage detection signal in real time through a voltage detection module. This voltage detection module includes a fifth voltage divider resistor R86 and a sixth voltage divider resistor R85. The fifth voltage divider resistor R86 detects the power supply's output voltage, and the sixth voltage divider resistor R85 divides the voltage and transmits it to the voltage detection pin of the MCU control module IC53.

[0134] When the MCU control module IC53 detects that the output voltage detection signal is higher than the preset overvoltage protection threshold, the MCU control module IC53 confirms that the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range. The protection trigger pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low potential, the fifth switch Q58 in the protection control module is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current, the optocoupler IC3A is turned on, and the protection trigger signal is transmitted to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, controlling the power supply to perform overvoltage protection shutdown.

[0135] When the MCU control module IC53 detects that the output voltage detection signal is lower than the preset undervoltage protection threshold, the MCU control module IC53 confirms that the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range. The protection trigger pin of the MCU control module IC53 outputs a low potential, the fifth switch Q58 in the protection control module is turned on, the seventh voltage divider resistor R87 limits the current, and the optocoupler IC3A is turned on, transmitting the protection trigger signal to the primary side control circuit of the power supply, controlling the power supply to perform undervoltage protection shutdown.

[0136] The PC power supply heat dissipation management system and method provided in this invention comprehensively monitors and controls the power supply operating status indication signal, temperature detection signal, over-temperature protection trigger signal, and output voltage detection signal through an MCU control module, achieving the following technical effects:

[0137] First, it achieves intelligent start / stop and graded speed adjustment of the fan. In standby mode, the fan stops completely, achieving zero-noise operation; in normal operation, the fan speed is adjusted in real time according to the temperature, achieving a balance between on-demand heat dissipation and low noise.

[0138] Secondly, it integrates comprehensive power safety protection functions. Through the MCU, it uniformly monitors various abnormal states such as over-temperature, over-voltage, and under-voltage. When any abnormality occurs, it can promptly trigger protective shutdown to ensure the safety of the power supply and load equipment.

[0139] Third, the circuit structure is simple and the cost is low. Compared with the traditional solution that uses multiple dedicated chips or a large number of discrete components to build the control logic, this invention only requires one MCU and a few peripheral components to realize intelligent fan control and multiple protection functions, which greatly simplifies the circuit design, reduces material costs and PCB layout and wiring difficulty, and improves the reliability and consistency of the system.

[0140] Fourth, it helps improve the power supply's energy efficiency. The fan stopping in standby mode reduces unnecessary energy loss, helping the power supply meet energy efficiency standards.

[0141] The power supply secondary monitoring and fan control scheme provided in this invention uses a single MCU to comprehensively monitor and control the power supply operating status indication signal, temperature detection signal, and output voltage detection signal, achieving the following technical effects:

[0142] First, it achieves intelligent start / stop and graded speed adjustment of the fan. In standby mode and under light load and low temperature conditions, the fan stops completely, achieving zero-noise operation; under medium and heavy load conditions, the fan speed is adjusted in real time according to the temperature, achieving a balance between on-demand heat dissipation and low noise.

[0143] Secondly, it integrates comprehensive power safety protection functions. Through the MCU, it uniformly monitors various abnormal states such as over-temperature, over-voltage, and under-voltage. When any abnormality occurs, it can promptly trigger protective shutdown to ensure the safety of the power supply and load equipment.

[0144] Third, the circuit structure is simple and the cost is low. Compared with the traditional solution that uses multiple dedicated chips or a large number of discrete components to build the control logic, this invention only requires one MCU and a few peripheral components to realize intelligent fan control and multiple protection functions, which greatly simplifies the circuit design, reduces material costs and PCB layout and wiring difficulty, and improves the reliability and consistency of the system.

[0145] Fourth, it helps improve the power supply's energy efficiency. The fan stopping during standby and light load states reduces unnecessary energy loss, helping the power supply meet energy efficiency standards such as GB 28380.

[0146] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0147] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A PC power supply thermal management system, characterized in that, The system includes: The MCU control module is connected to the power-on signal power status detection module, the power temperature detection module, the fan drive module, and the over-temperature protection detection module, respectively. The power status detection module is used to provide the MCU control module with a power operating status indication signal of the monitored power supply; The temperature detection module is used to detect the temperature change of the monitored power supply and provide the MCU control module with the internal temperature detection signal of the monitored power supply; The fan drive module is used to receive the power fan control signal from the MCU control module and control the rotation state of the fan. The over-temperature protection detection module is used to detect the extreme temperature value inside the power supply and provide an over-temperature protection trigger signal to the MCU control module. The MCU control module is used to determine the operating status of the monitored PC power supply based on the power supply operating status indication signal. When the PC power supply is in standby mode, it controls the power supply fan to stop rotating through the fan drive module. When the PC power supply is in normal operating mode, it obtains the internal temperature detection signal of the power supply through the temperature detection module and controls the rotation state of the fan based on the temperature detection signal. It also executes protection actions for the power supply after receiving the over-temperature protection trigger signal from the over-temperature protection detection module.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power status detection module includes: a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor; One end of the first voltage divider resistor is used to connect to the power supply operating status indication signal, and the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor and the PSON detection pin of the MCU control module, respectively. The other end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the MCU control module.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature detection module includes: a first thermistor and a third voltage divider resistor; One end of the first thermistor is used to connect to the reference voltage, and the other end of the first thermistor is connected to one end of the third voltage divider resistor, the temperature detection pin of the MCU control module, and the speed control terminal of the fan drive module. The other end of the third voltage divider resistor is grounded.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan drive module includes: The drive unit is used to output a drive voltage according to the fan control signal of the MCU control module; The speed control unit is used to adjust the magnitude of the drive voltage according to the speed control signal of the MCU control module, so as to adjust the speed of the fan; The driving unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor; the base of the first switching transistor is connected to the fan control pin of the MCU control module, the collector of the first switching transistor is connected to the base of the second switching transistor, and the emitter of the first switching transistor is grounded. The emitter of the second switching transistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the collector of the second switching transistor is connected to the speed control unit. The speed control unit includes a third switch and a fourth switch; The base of the third switch is connected to the temperature detection module, the collector of the third switch is connected to the gate of the fourth switch, and the emitter of the third switch is grounded. The drain of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the drive unit, and the source of the fourth switching transistor (Q54) is used to connect to the fan.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU control module is further configured to control the fan to start when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a first temperature threshold; and to control the power supply to perform over-temperature protection shutdown when the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds a second temperature threshold or when the over-temperature protection trigger signal is received; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The over-temperature protection detection module includes: a second thermistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor; One end of the second thermistor is used to connect to the signal terminal, and the other end of the second thermistor is connected to one end of the fourth voltage divider resistor and the over-temperature protection detection pin of the MCU control module, respectively. The other end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system further includes a voltage detection module and a protection control module, wherein the MCU control module is connected to the voltage detection module and the protection control module respectively; The voltage detection module is used to provide the power supply output voltage detection signal to the MCU control module; The protection control module is used to receive the protection trigger signal and control the power supply to perform shutdown protection; The MCU control module is also used to send a protection trigger signal to the protection control module when the output voltage detection signal exceeds the preset voltage range.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protection control module includes: a seventh voltage divider resistor, an optocoupler, and a fifth switching transistor; The control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the protection trigger pin of the MCU control module. The collector of the fifth switch (Q58) is grounded, and the emitter of the fifth switch is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler through the seventh voltage divider resistor. The output terminal of the optocoupler is used to connect to the primary side control circuit of the power supply.

9. A PC power supply heat dissipation management method, characterized in that, The method is applied to the system as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the method includes: Obtain the operating status of the monitored PC's power supply; When the PC power supply is in standby mode, the power supply fan is controlled to stop rotating; When the PC power supply is in operation, acquire the temperature detection signal inside the power supply; The fan's rotation state is dynamically controlled based on the temperature detection signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of dynamically controlling the fan's rotation state based on the temperature detection signal includes: If the temperature detection signal is lower than the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to stop rotating. If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the first temperature threshold, the fan is controlled to start and run at a speed that is positively correlated with the temperature detection signal; If the temperature detection signal reaches or exceeds the second temperature threshold, the power supply is controlled to perform over-temperature protection shutdown; wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

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