A real-time prediction and early warning method for the crystalline thickness of a salt cavern gas storage brine discharge pipe wall

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of salt cavern gas storage operation safety monitoring, and specifically discloses a real-time prediction and early warning method for salt crystallization thickness of a halogen discharge pipe wall of a salt cavern gas storage. The technical scheme of the present application determines the temperature distribution and pressure distribution of the halogen discharge pipe along the depth direction, calculates the equilibrium dissolution concentration and precipitation amount of salt at each depth position, introduces an effective deposition coefficient to correct the precipitation amount to reflect the influence of particle suspension, migration and re-carrying, converts the salt crystallization thickness and growth rate in combination with the porosity of the deposition layer, and outputs an early warning level based on the salt crystallization thickness and growth rate, thereby solving the problem that the prior art cannot quantitatively predict the salt crystallization thickness of the halogen discharge pipe wall, realizing online calculation of the salt crystallization deposition thickness of the halogen discharge pipe along the depth direction, improving the prediction accuracy of the salt crystallization thickness, and improving the risk prediction ability of the halogen discharge pipe blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of operational safety monitoring technology for salt cavern gas storage facilities, and in particular to a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystal thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipes in salt cavern gas storage facilities. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction or initial gas injection phase of a salt cavern gas storage facility, brine drainage is required to remove the brine from the salt cavity and create effective gas storage space. During drainage, the brine flows upwards along the drainage pipe. Affected by changes in temperature, pressure, and flow conditions, the dissolution equilibrium of the salt in the brine changes, potentially leading to supersaturation in some areas and causing salt crystallization. The precipitated crystals adhere and deposit near the inner wall of the drainage pipe, gradually forming a salt crystal layer. As operating time increases, the thickness of the salt crystal layer continuously increases, reducing the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the drainage pipe, increasing flow resistance, and decreasing drainage capacity. In severe cases, this can lead to localized blockage, affecting drainage efficiency and the safe operation of the wellbore. Real-time prediction and timely warning of the salt crystal thickness on the drainage pipe wall are of significant engineering importance.

[0003] To address the salt crystallization problem during the gas injection and brine discharge process in salt cavern gas storage facilities, several patented technologies have proposed corresponding solutions. Patent CN121630291A discloses a salt crystallization suppression device for a salt cavern gas storage facility's gas injection and brine discharge pipeline. A heating device is installed on the outside of the inner discharge pipe to heat the brine, increasing its temperature and thus improving salt solubility, thereby suppressing salt precipitation caused by temperature drops during the brine's ascent. Patent CN115142817A provides a pipeline structure, method, and salt cavern gas storage facility for anti-crystallization gas injection and brine discharge. A freshwater injection pipe is inserted into the brine discharge pipe, continuously injecting freshwater during the discharge process to reduce the brine concentration and prevent supersaturation and crystallization. The patent with publication number CN118653818A proposes a salt cavern gas storage anti-crystallization gas injection and brine discharge device and method with adjustable depth. It is equipped with a sliding adjustable inner brine discharge section to adapt to the real-time changes in the thickness of the sediment, and at the same time, a hot flow channel groove is opened on the inner wall of the brine discharge inner pipe to inhibit salt crystallization.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies primarily focus on engineering intervention, passively suppressing or mitigating salt crystal formation through methods such as heating, water dilution, or structural optimization. None of these address the quantitative prediction and proactive early warning of salt crystal thickness on the brine discharge pipe wall. Current solutions cannot provide online data on the deposition thickness distribution at different locations along the wellbore's depth during gas injection and brine discharge, nor can they predict subsequent blockage risks based on the dynamic trends in deposition thickness. While some technical solutions consider salt precipitation, they typically assume all precipitated particles are deposited on the pipe wall, failing to reflect phenomena such as particle suspension, migration, and re-carrying under actual flow conditions, leading to discrepancies between predicted results and actual engineering conditions. The actual deposited layer is usually not a completely dense solid but possesses a certain porosity. Directly converting the precipitated mass to crystal thickness based on true density will result in inaccurate estimations of the engineering thickness of the deposited layer. Furthermore, on-site operational risks should not be solely based on the current deposition thickness. In some cases, the existing deposited layer is relatively thick, but the growth rate has significantly decreased, making the short-term risk relatively controllable; in other cases, the current thickness is still small, but the deposition rate is high, potentially leading to a rapid increase in subsequent blockage risks.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of the brine discharge pipe for brine discharge operation in salt cavern gas storage, while considering the comprehensive impact of local precipitation behavior, actual effective deposition ratio, deposition layer porosity, and deposition thickness and deposition rate on risk. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility. The technical solution of this method is as follows: Based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the well depth parameters, the brine physical properties parameters, and the real-time operating parameters, the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe are determined. Based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distribution, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position is calculated, and the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position is determined based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. Based on the effective deposition coefficient, the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth location is corrected to the actual effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe. Based on the porosity of the deposited layer, the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth is converted into the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe. Output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to the present invention are as follows: The method of this invention determines the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, calculates the equilibrium dissolution concentration and precipitation amount of salt at each depth location, introduces an effective deposition coefficient to correct the precipitation amount to reflect the influence of particle suspension, migration and re-carrying, and combines the porosity of the deposition layer to calculate the salt crystal thickness and growth rate. Based on the salt crystal thickness and growth rate, an early warning level is output, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot quantitatively predict the salt crystal thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall, realizes the online calculation of the salt crystal deposition thickness along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, improves the accuracy of salt crystal thickness prediction, and enhances the ability to predict the risk of brine discharge pipe blockage.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of salt cavern gas storage of the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are pre-stored in a database, and the real-time operating parameters are acquired online by sensors installed at the wellhead, the sensors including at least a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned optional method are as follows: the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are pre-stored in the database, and the real-time operating parameters are collected online by pressure, temperature and flow sensors arranged at the wellhead, so as to automate the process of acquiring and updating basic data and provide a complete data foundation for the calculation of temperature distribution and pressure distribution.

[0012] In one alternative approach, the steps of determining the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, based on the structural parameters of the discharge pipe, the wellbore depth parameters, the brine physical properties parameters, and real-time operating parameters, include: The brine discharge pipe is divided into multiple discrete depth positions along the depth direction based on the wellbore depth parameters. Based on the wellhead pressure and brine discharge flow rate in the real-time operating parameters, the brine density and brine viscosity in the brine physical property parameters, and the friction pressure drop correction using the brine discharge pipe inner diameter and brine discharge pipe inner wall roughness in the brine discharge pipe structural parameters, the pressure value at each depth position is calculated. Based on the wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and wellbore heat transfer parameters in the real-time operating parameters, calculate the temperature value at each depth location; The pressure distribution and the temperature distribution are respectively constituted by the pressure value and the temperature value at each depth location.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned optional method are as follows: the brine discharge pipe is further discretized into multiple nodes along the depth direction, and the friction pressure drop is corrected by combining the wellhead pressure, brine discharge flow rate and brine density and viscosity to calculate the pressure value of each node, and the temperature value of each node is calculated based on the wellhead temperature and heat transfer parameters, thereby obtaining the temperature distribution and pressure distribution along the depth direction.

[0014] In one alternative approach, the step of calculating the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth location based on the temperature and pressure at each depth location along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distributions, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical properties, includes: The temperature values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the temperature distribution, and the pressure values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the pressure distribution. Using a solubility model pre-established based on the brine salt dissolution equilibrium relationship, the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth are used to calculate the brine salt dissolution equilibrium, and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth is output.

[0015] The advantages of using the above-mentioned optional method are: further extracting the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth from the temperature and pressure distribution, performing brine salt dissolution equilibrium calculations through a pre-established solubility model, and outputting the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt at each depth, providing a concentration benchmark for determining the precipitation amount or precipitation rate.

[0016] In one alternative approach, the effective deposition coefficient is a function of the local flow velocity, local temperature, and local supersaturation at each depth location, wherein the local supersaturation is the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration, and the effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local flow velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned optional method are as follows: the deposition coefficient is further defined as a function of local flow velocity, local temperature and local supersaturation, so that the deposition coefficient decreases with increasing flow velocity and increases with increasing supersaturation, thereby correcting the conversion relationship between precipitation and pipe wall deposition, and reflecting the influence of particle suspension, migration and recarrying on the deposition process.

[0018] In one alternative approach, the step of converting the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer includes: Obtain the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location; When the effective deposition rate is obtained, the effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the running time step is calculated based on the effective deposition rate at each depth location and the running time step. When the effective deposition amount is obtained, the effective deposition amount at each depth position is taken as the effective deposition mass increment within the running time step; Through formula The effective sediment mass increment at each depth location is converted into sediment volume increment, where For the first The volume increment of the deposited layer at each depth location within the stated operating time step. For the first The effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the stated time step. The true density of the salt crystals in the brine physical properties is given. For the first Porosity of the sedimentary layer at a depth location; Obtain the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length corresponding to each depth position from the brine drain pipe structural parameters, and determine the deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position based on the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length. Divide the volume increment of the deposition layer at each depth position by the corresponding deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe to obtain the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position within the operating time step. The salt crystal thickness at each depth position at each running time step is accumulated to obtain the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position; The salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position is obtained by dividing the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position by the running time step.

[0019] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned optional method are as follows: further introducing the porosity of the deposition layer to convert the deposition amount on the pipe wall into salt crystallization thickness and growth rate, converting the deposition mass increment into volume increment according to the true density of the crystal and porosity, and determining the deposition area by combining the inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe and the unit length, thus avoiding the thickness estimation deviation caused by directly converting according to the true density.

[0020] In one alternative approach, after obtaining the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at various depth locations, the method further includes: The inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe is updated based on the salt crystal thickness on its inner wall at each depth location. The updated inner diameter is determined using the formula... Confirmed, among which For the first Updated brine drain pipe inner diameter at each depth location The original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is mentioned in the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. For the first Salt crystal thickness at a given depth; Based on the updated brine drain pipe inner diameter, the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth are recalculated, and the temperature distribution and pressure distribution are re-determined based on the updated local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop, so as to iteratively correct the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate at each depth. The warning level is output based on the corrected maximum salt crystal thickness and the corrected salt crystal growth rate at the specified depth.

[0021] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned optional method are as follows: after obtaining the salt crystal thickness, the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is updated according to the formula, the local flow velocity and friction pressure drop are recalculated based on the updated inner diameter, and the temperature distribution, pressure distribution and salt crystal thickness are corrected in an iterative manner, so that the warning level can be adjusted in a timely manner with the dynamic changes of the deposition thickness.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides a device for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility. The technical solution of the device is as follows: The determination module is used to determine the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the well depth parameters, the brine physical property parameters, and the real-time operating parameters. The calculation module is used to calculate the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution, as well as the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, and to determine the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. The correction module is used to correct the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth location to the actual effective precipitation amount or effective deposition rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe, based on the effective deposition coefficient. The conversion module is used to convert the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth position into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer. The output module is used to output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the real-time prediction and early warning device for salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility according to the present invention are as follows: The device of this invention determines the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, calculates the equilibrium dissolution concentration and precipitation amount of salt at each depth location, introduces an effective deposition coefficient to correct the precipitation amount to reflect the influence of particle suspension, migration and re-carrying, and combines the porosity of the deposition layer to calculate the salt crystal thickness and growth rate. Based on the salt crystal thickness and growth rate, it outputs an early warning level, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot quantitatively predict the salt crystal thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall, realizes the online calculation of the salt crystal deposition thickness along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, improves the accuracy of salt crystal thickness prediction, and enhances the ability to predict the risk of brine discharge pipe blockage.

[0024] Thirdly, the technical solution of an electronic device according to the present invention is as follows: The invention includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of the brine discharge pipe of the salt cavern gas storage facility as described in this invention.

[0025] Fourthly, the technical solution of a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention is as follows: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when read, cause the computer-readable storage medium to perform the steps of the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of the salt cavern gas storage facility according to the present invention.

[0026] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of a brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the temperature, pressure, and salt crystal thickness distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of a brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility according to the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a device for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the brine discharge pipe wall of a salt cavern gas storage facility. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0029] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystal thickness on the wall of a brine drain pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility, provided by the present invention. This method can be executed by electronic devices such as terminal devices or servers. The terminal device can be any fixed or mobile terminal, such as user equipment (UE), mobile device, user terminal, terminal, cellular phone, cordless phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device, computing device, vehicle-mounted device, or wearable device. The server can be a single server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers. Any electronic device can implement the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystal thickness on the wall of a brine drain pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility by having its processor call computer-readable instructions stored in its memory. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Determine the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the depth parameters of the wellbore, the physical properties of the brine, and the real-time operating parameters.

[0030] The structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe refer to a set of data describing its geometric features and surface characteristics, including the inner diameter, length, wall thickness, and inner wall roughness. For example, the inner diameter is 0.1m, the length is 1500m, the wall thickness is 0.008m, and the inner wall roughness is 0.00002m. The wellbore depth parameters refer to data describing the depth of the brine discharge pipe within the wellbore, including the top and bottom depths. For example, the top of the pipe at the wellhead is at a depth of 0m, and the bottom is at a depth of 1500m above the salt cavity. The brine physical property parameters refer to a set of data describing the physical properties and salinity of the brine, including brine salt concentration, density, viscosity, and true density of salt crystals. For example, the brine salt concentration is 305 kg / m³. 3 The density of the brine is 1200 kg / m³. 3 The brine viscosity is 0.0015 Pa·s, and the true density of the salt crystals is 2160 kg / m³. 3Real-time operating parameters refer to the operational data collected online by sensors during the gas injection and brine discharge operation, including wellhead pressure, wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and operating time; for example, the wellhead pressure is 1.5 MPa, the wellhead temperature is 45℃, and the brine discharge flow rate is 50 m³ / h. 3 / h, running time is 72h.

[0031] The brine discharge pipe refers to a tubular channel installed in the wellbore of a salt cavern gas storage facility to transport brine from the salt cavity to the surface. The brine flows upward within the discharge pipe. For example, the discharge pipe is a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 0.116m, an inner diameter of 0.1m, and a wall thickness of 0.008m, extending downward from the wellhead to the top of the salt cavity. The depth direction refers to the spatial direction along the axial direction of the discharge pipe from the wellhead to the bottom of the salt cavity. The position in the depth direction is expressed as the vertical distance from the wellhead. For example, 0m in the depth direction is the wellhead position, and 1500m is the bottom of the discharge pipe.

[0032] In S1, based on the measured operating conditions at the wellhead, the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, and the brine flow state, the temperature and pressure distributions along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe are established. Pre-stored structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and brine physical properties are read from the database, and real-time operating parameters are collected online using sensors installed at the wellhead. The coordinates along the depth direction of the wellbore are denoted as z, with z=0 at the wellhead and downwards as the positive direction. The change in fluid pressure along the depth direction within the wellbore is expressed by the formula... Confirmed, among which The density of the brine, It is the acceleration due to gravity. This is the pressure drop term based on frictional resistance per unit length. The temperature change of the fluid within the wellbore along the depth direction is determined by the wellbore heat transfer relationship using the formula... Confirmed, among which Let be the temperature distribution function. To reduce the flow rate of the brine, The wellhead temperature, These are parameters related to heat transfer. In actual calculations, the brine drain pipe is divided into multiple discrete depth positions along the depth direction, and the corresponding temperature value is calculated for each depth position. and pressure value The pressure distribution and temperature distribution are respectively composed of the pressure and temperature values ​​at each depth location.

[0033] Temperature distribution refers to the distribution of brine temperature along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe. For example, the temperature is 45℃ at 0m, 50℃ at 500m, 55℃ at 1000m, and 60℃ at 1500m. Pressure distribution refers to the distribution of brine pressure along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe. For example, the pressure is 1.5MPa at 0m, 6.4MPa at 500m, 11.3MPa at 1000m, and 16.2MPa at 1500m.

[0034] S2. Based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distribution, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, calculate the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position, and determine the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration.

[0035] The depth location refers to a specific point along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, uniquely determined by its vertical distance from the wellhead; for example, a depth location at 1500m along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe is considered the bottom of the pipe. The brine salt concentration refers to the mass of salt dissolved in a unit volume of brine; for example, the brine salt concentration in the discharge pipe is 305 kg / m³. 3 .

[0036] For the i-th depth location, its local equilibrium dissolution concentration For local temperature and local pressure The function is represented as Local supersaturation brine salt concentration With local equilibrium solubility concentration The difference, i.e. .when At that depth, no salt analysis showed a trend; when At this depth, the conditions for salt precipitation exist. The theoretical mass of salt precipitated per unit volume of fluid at the i-th depth is... for Combined with the brine discharge flow rate through this depth location. The theoretical precipitation mass rate per unit time at this depth location. for .

[0037] The local equilibrium dissolution concentration refers to the maximum salt concentration that brine can dissolve under specific temperature and pressure conditions at a given depth. For example, at a depth of 1000m, with a temperature of 55℃ and a pressure of 11.3MPa, the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine is 310 kg / m³. 3 .

[0038] The local precipitation amount refers to the mass of salt precipitated at a specific depth when the brine salt concentration exceeds the local equilibrium dissolution concentration under the temperature and pressure conditions at that location; for example, at a depth of 500m, the brine salt concentration is 305 kg / m³. 3 Subtract the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of 300 kg / m³ 3 equal to 5kg / m 3 The local precipitation amount at this location is 5 kg / m³. 3 The precipitation rate refers to the mass of salt precipitated per unit time at a specific depth due to supersaturation; for example, at a depth of 500m, the brine salt concentration is 305 kg / m³. 3 The local equilibrium dissolution concentration is 300 kg / m³. 3 The brine discharge flow rate is 50m³. 3 / h, the precipitation rate is 250kg / h.

[0039] S3. Based on the effective deposition coefficient, the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth location is corrected to the actual effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe.

[0040] The effective deposition coefficient refers to the proportion of the mass of locally precipitated salt particles that actually adhere to and remain on the inner wall surface of the brine discharge pipe. The effective deposition coefficient is a value that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. For example, when the local flow velocity is 1.77 m / s at a depth of 500 m and the local supersaturation is 5 kg / m³, the effective deposition coefficient is 0.6, which means that 60% of the precipitated salt particles are actually deposited on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe.

[0041] Introducing the effective sedimentation coefficient , used to characterize the proportion of the treated precipitated salt that actually forms deposits on the tube wall at the i-th depth location. The effective deposition mass rate per unit time at the i-th depth location. for ,in In one embodiment, the effective deposition coefficient A preset constant; in another embodiment, the effective deposition coefficient. A function of local operating condition parameters, expressed as: ,in Let be the local flow velocity at the i-th depth position. For local temperature, As the local supersaturation level, the effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local flow velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation level.

[0042] The effective deposition amount refers to the mass of salt actually adhering to and remaining on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe among the locally precipitated salt particles. For example, at a depth of 500m, the local precipitation amount is 250kg, the effective deposition coefficient is 0.6, and the effective deposition amount is 150kg. The effective deposition rate refers to the rate at which the mass of salt actually adheres to and remains on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe per unit time. For example, at a depth of 500m, the precipitation rate is 250kg / h, the effective deposition coefficient is 0.6, and the effective deposition rate is 150kg / h.

[0043] S4. Based on the porosity of the deposition layer, the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth is converted into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe.

[0044] The porosity of the sedimentary layer refers to the proportion of the pore volume inside the salt crystal sedimentary layer on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe to the total volume of the sedimentary layer. The porosity of the sedimentary layer is a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. For example, the sedimentary layer porosity at a depth of 500m is 0.25, indicating that 25% of the total volume of the sedimentary layer is pore volume. The inner wall of the brine discharge pipe refers to the cylindrical surface inside the brine discharge pipe that is in direct contact with the brine, where salt crystals adhere and form a sedimentary layer. For example, the diameter of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe is 0.1m, and the surface area of ​​the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe is the area of ​​the inner cylindrical surface of the brine discharge pipe.

[0045] Specifically, the effective sedimentation amount or effective sedimentation rate at each depth location is first obtained. Once the effective sedimentation rate is obtained, the effective sedimentation rate at each depth location and the running time step are used as the basis for further analysis. Calculate the effective sediment mass increment at each depth location within the running time step. When the effective sedimentation amount is obtained, it is used as the effective sedimentation mass increment within the running time step. Then, through the formula The effective sediment mass increment at each depth location is converted into sediment volume increment, where This represents the volume increment of the sediment layer at the i-th depth location within the running time step. This represents the effective increase in sediment mass at that location. The true density of salt crystals is a physical property parameter of brine. Let be the porosity of the sedimentary layer at the i-th depth location.

[0046] Obtain the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length corresponding to each depth position from the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. The deposition area on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position is determined based on the inner diameter and unit length of the brine drain pipe. ,in This represents the effective inner diameter of the brine drain pipe at the i-th depth position at the current moment. The increment of the deposition layer volume at each depth position is also considered. Divide by the corresponding deposition area on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe The increase in salt crystal thickness at each depth location within the running time step was obtained. The salt crystal thickness at each depth location is accumulated over each operating time step to obtain the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth location. The salt crystallization growth rate in continuous form is expressed as... In discrete computing, it is approximated as ,in This represents the salt crystal growth rate. For the thickness of salt crystals, For time, For the increase in salt crystal thickness, This is the runtime step.

[0047] The salt crystal thickness refers to the linear dimension of the salt crystal deposition layer on the inner wall surface of the brine discharge pipe along the radial direction of the pipe, i.e., the distance the deposition layer extends from the inner wall surface towards the center of the pipe. For example, at a depth of 500m, the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe is 0.002m, which reduces the effective inner diameter of the pipe from 0.1m to 0.096m. The salt crystal growth rate refers to the increment of the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe per unit time. For example, at a depth of 500m, the increment of the salt crystal thickness within one operating time step is... m, running time step is 3600s, salt crystallization growth rate is m / s.

[0048] S5. Output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

[0049] Specifically, at the current moment, the thickness of salt crystals at various locations along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe is compared, and the maximum value is taken. The depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness is denoted as Simultaneously, the salt crystal growth rate at that depth was obtained. The maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at that location are compared with preset thickness and growth rate thresholds, respectively, to comprehensively determine the warning level. The rule for determining the warning level is: when... and When, output a low-risk level; when and ,or At that time, the first warning level is output, among which ;when and ,or At that time, the second warning level will be output, among which ;when and At that time, the third warning level will be issued. Among them, , , The preset thickness threshold, , , This is the preset growth rate threshold.

[0050] The warning level refers to a risk classification indicator based on the maximum salt crystal thickness on the brine drain pipe wall and the salt crystal growth rate at the corresponding depth. For example, when the maximum salt crystal thickness is 0.002m and the corresponding salt crystal growth rate is... When the speed is m / s, the warning level is "Level 1 Warning".

[0051] After obtaining the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth, the process also includes updating the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe based on the salt crystal thickness at each depth. The updated inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is determined using the formula... Confirmed, among which Let i be the updated inner diameter of the brine drain pipe at the i-th depth position. This refers to the original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe in the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. Let represent the salt crystal thickness at the i-th depth. Based on the updated brine drain pipe inner diameter, the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth are recalculated. The temperature and pressure distributions are then redefined based on these updated values. The salt crystal thickness and growth rate at each depth are iteratively corrected. This iterative calculation brings the predicted salt crystal thickness to the actual deposition thickness, improving prediction accuracy. An early warning level is output based on the maximum corrected salt crystal thickness and the corrected salt crystal growth rate at each depth.

[0052] The technical solution of this embodiment determines the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, calculates the equilibrium dissolution concentration and precipitation amount of salt at each depth location, introduces an effective deposition coefficient to correct the precipitation amount to reflect the influence of particle suspension, migration and re-carrying, and combines the porosity of the deposition layer to calculate the salt crystal thickness and growth rate. Based on the salt crystal thickness and growth rate, an early warning level is output, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot quantitatively predict the salt crystal thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall, realizes the online calculation of the salt crystal deposition thickness along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, improves the accuracy of salt crystal thickness prediction, and enhances the ability to predict the risk of brine discharge pipe blockage.

[0053] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are pre-stored in a database, and the real-time operating parameters are acquired online by sensors installed at the wellhead, the sensors including at least a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0054] The database refers to a storage medium used to pre-store the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe and the physical properties of the brine. During the prediction process, parameters from the database are used in the calculation. For example, the database stores parameters such as the drain pipe's inner diameter of 0.1m, drain pipe length of 1500m, drain pipe wall thickness of 0.008m, drain pipe inner wall roughness of 0.00002m, and brine salt concentration of 305kg / m³. 3 The density of the brine is 1200 kg / m³. 3 The brine viscosity is 0.0015 Pa·s and the true density of the salt crystals is 2160 kg / m³. 3 .

[0055] The pressure sensor refers to a measuring device installed at the wellhead for online acquisition of wellhead pressure data; for example, the pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the brine discharge pipe at the wellhead, and the real-time wellhead pressure is acquired at 1.5 MPa. The temperature sensor refers to a measuring device installed at the wellhead for online acquisition of wellhead temperature data; for example, the temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the brine discharge pipe at the wellhead, and the real-time wellhead temperature is acquired at 45°C. The flow sensor refers to a measuring device installed at the wellhead for online acquisition of brine discharge flow rate data; for example, the flow sensor is installed at the outlet of the brine discharge pipe at the wellhead, and the real-time brine discharge flow rate is acquired at 50 m³ / h. 3 / h.

[0056] In the above-mentioned optional methods, the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are further pre-stored in the database, and the real-time operating parameters are collected online by pressure, temperature and flow sensors arranged at the wellhead, so as to automate the basic data acquisition and update process and provide a complete data foundation for the calculation of temperature distribution and pressure distribution.

[0057] In one alternative approach, the steps of determining the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, based on the structural parameters of the discharge pipe, the wellbore depth parameters, the brine physical properties parameters, and real-time operating parameters, include: The brine discharge pipe is divided into multiple discrete depth positions along the depth direction based on the wellbore depth parameters.

[0058] Based on the wellhead pressure and brine discharge flow rate in the real-time operating parameters, the brine density and viscosity in the brine physical properties parameters, and the friction pressure drop correction using the brine discharge pipe inner diameter and inner wall roughness in the brine discharge pipe structural parameters, the pressure value at each depth position is calculated.

[0059] Wellhead pressure refers to the pressure of the brine at the outlet of the brine discharge pipe; for example, the wellhead pressure is 1.5 MPa. Brine discharge flow rate refers to the volume of brine passing through the cross-section of the brine discharge pipe per unit time; for example, the brine discharge flow rate is 50 m³ / s. 3 / h.

[0060] Here, brine density refers to the mass of brine per unit volume; for example, the brine density is 1200 kg / m³. 3 Brine viscosity refers to the physical quantity that brine has the ability to resist flow deformation, and characterizes the internal friction characteristics of brine during flow; for example, the brine viscosity is 0.0015 Pa·s.

[0061] The inner diameter of the brine drain pipe refers to the diameter of the circular cross-section inside the brine drain pipe; for example, the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is 0.1m. The inner wall roughness of the brine drain pipe refers to a characterizing parameter of the microscopic unevenness of the inner wall surface of the brine drain pipe, used to calculate the frictional pressure drop during the brine flow process; for example, the inner wall roughness of the brine drain pipe is 0.00002m.

[0062] The pressure value refers to the pressure of the brine at a specific depth; for example, the pressure value at a depth of 1000m is 11.3MPa.

[0063] Based on the wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and wellbore heat transfer parameters in the real-time operating parameters, the temperature values ​​at each depth are calculated.

[0064] Here, wellhead temperature refers to the temperature of the brine at the outlet of the brine discharge pipe; for example, the wellhead temperature is 45℃. Wellbore heat transfer parameters refer to a set of parameters describing the heat transfer characteristics between the formation surrounding the wellbore and the brine in the discharge pipe, including formation thermal conductivity and overall heat transfer coefficient; for example, the formation thermal conductivity in the wellbore heat transfer parameters is 2.5 W / (m·K), and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 10 W / (m·K). 2 ·K).

[0065] The temperature value refers to the temperature of the brine at a specific depth; for example, the temperature value at a depth of 1000m is 55℃.

[0066] The pressure distribution and the temperature distribution are respectively constituted by the pressure value and the temperature value at each depth location.

[0067] In the above-mentioned optional method, the brine discharge pipe is further discretized into multiple nodes along the depth direction. The frictional pressure drop is corrected by combining the wellhead pressure, brine discharge flow rate, brine density, and viscosity to calculate the pressure value of each node. The temperature value of each node is calculated based on the wellhead temperature and heat transfer parameters, thereby obtaining the temperature distribution and pressure distribution along the depth direction.

[0068] In one alternative approach, the step of calculating the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth location based on the temperature and pressure at each depth location along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distributions, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical properties, includes: The temperature values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the temperature distribution, and the pressure values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the pressure distribution.

[0069] Using a solubility model pre-established based on the brine salt dissolution equilibrium relationship, the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth are used to calculate the brine salt dissolution equilibrium, and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth is output.

[0070] The solubility model refers to a pre-established mathematical model based on the brine salt dissolution equilibrium relationship. The solubility model uses temperature and pressure as input variables and outputs the equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine under corresponding operating conditions. For example, if a temperature of 55℃ and a pressure of 11.3MPa at a depth of 1000m are input into the solubility model, the model outputs a local equilibrium dissolution concentration of 310kg / m³. 3 .

[0071] In the above-mentioned optional methods, the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth location are further extracted from the temperature and pressure distributions. The brine salt dissolution equilibrium is calculated using a pre-established solubility model, and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt at each depth location is output, providing a concentration benchmark for determining the precipitation amount or precipitation rate.

[0072] In one alternative approach, the effective deposition coefficient is a function of the local flow velocity, local temperature, and local supersaturation at each depth location, wherein the local supersaturation is the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration, and the effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local flow velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation.

[0073] The local flow velocity refers to the flow velocity of brine within the discharge pipe at a specific depth. For example, at a depth of 500m, with a discharge pipe inner diameter of 0.1m and a discharge flow rate of 50m³ / h, the local flow velocity is 1.77m / s. The local temperature refers to the temperature of the brine at a specific depth. For example, at a depth of 500m, the local temperature is 50℃. The local supersaturation refers to the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolved concentration at a specific depth. For example, at a depth of 500m, the brine salt concentration is 305kg / m³. 3 The local equilibrium dissolution concentration is 300 kg / m³. 3 The local supersaturation amount is 5 kg / m³. 3 .

[0074] In the above-mentioned optional methods, the deposition coefficient is further defined as a function of local flow velocity, local temperature and local supersaturation, so that the deposition coefficient decreases with increasing flow velocity and increases with increasing supersaturation, thereby correcting the conversion relationship between precipitation and pipe wall deposition, and reflecting the influence of particle suspension, migration and recarrying on the deposition process.

[0075] In one alternative approach, the step of converting the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer includes: Obtain the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location.

[0076] When the effective deposition rate is obtained, the effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the running time step is calculated based on the effective deposition rate at each depth location and the running time step.

[0077] The running time step refers to the discrete time interval set during the numerical calculation process. Within each running time step, it is assumed that each physical parameter remains unchanged, and each calculation parameter is updated uniformly at the end of the running time step. For example, the running time step is 3600s.

[0078] When the effective deposition amount is obtained, the effective deposition amount at each depth location is taken as the effective deposition mass increment within the running time step.

[0079] The effective deposition mass increment refers to the increase in the mass of salt actually attached to and retained on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at a specific depth within a running time step. For example, at a depth of 500m, the effective deposition rate is 150kg / h, the running time step is 3600s, and the effective deposition mass increment is 150kg.

[0080] Through formula The effective sediment mass increment at each depth location is converted into sediment volume increment, where For the first The volume increment of the deposited layer at each depth location within the stated operating time step. For the first The effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the stated time step. The true density of the salt crystals in the brine physical properties is given. For the first Porosity of the sedimentary layer at a given depth.

[0081] Obtain the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length corresponding to each depth position from the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe, and determine the deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position based on the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length.

[0082] The unit length refers to the axial length of each discrete depth position divided along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe. For example, a 1500m brine drain pipe is divided into 150 discrete depth positions along the depth direction, and the unit length corresponding to each depth position is 10m.

[0083] The deposition area on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe refers to the area of ​​the cylindrical surface of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe at a specific depth. The deposition area is determined by the inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe and the unit length. For example, at a depth of 500m, the inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe is 0.1m, the unit length is 10m, and the deposition area on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe is... .

[0084] Divide the volume increment of the deposition layer at each depth location by the corresponding deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe to obtain the salt crystallization thickness increment at each depth location within the operating time step.

[0085] The salt crystal thickness increment refers to the increase in the thickness of the salt crystals on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at a specific depth within a given operating time step. For example, at a depth of 500m, the effective deposition mass increment is 150kg, and the true density of the salt crystals is 2160kg / m³. 3 The porosity of the sedimentary layer is 0.25, and the deposition area on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe is 3.14 m². 2 The increase in salt crystal thickness is .

[0086] The salt crystal thickness at each depth location is accumulated over each operating time step to obtain the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth location.

[0087] Wherein, salt crystal thickness refers to the final linear dimension of the salt crystal deposition layer on the inner wall surface of the brine discharge pipe at a specific depth location along the radial direction of the brine discharge pipe after the accumulation of multiple operating time steps; for example, after the accumulation of 10 operating time steps, the salt crystal thickness increment at a depth of 500m for each operating time step is... m, the cumulative thickness of the salt crystals at this depth is m.

[0088] The salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position is obtained by dividing the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position by the running time step.

[0089] In the above-mentioned optional methods, the porosity of the deposition layer is further introduced to convert the amount of deposition on the pipe wall into the thickness and growth rate of salt crystals. The increase in deposition mass is converted into the volume increase according to the true density and porosity of the crystals. The deposition area is determined by combining the inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe and the unit length, thus avoiding the thickness estimation deviation caused by directly converting according to the true density.

[0090] In one alternative approach, after obtaining the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at various depth locations, the method further includes: The inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe is updated based on the salt crystal thickness on its inner wall at each depth location. The updated inner diameter is determined using the formula... Confirmed, among which For the first Updated brine drain pipe inner diameter at each depth location The original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is mentioned in the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. For the first Salt crystal thickness at a given depth.

[0091] Based on the updated brine drain pipe inner diameter, the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth are recalculated, and the temperature distribution and pressure distribution are re-determined based on the updated local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop, so as to iteratively correct the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate at each depth.

[0092] The warning level is output based on the corrected maximum salt crystal thickness and the corrected salt crystal growth rate at the specified depth.

[0093] In the above-mentioned optional methods, after obtaining the salt crystal thickness, the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is updated according to the formula. The local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop are recalculated based on the updated inner diameter. The temperature distribution, pressure distribution and salt crystal thickness are corrected in an iterative manner so that the warning level can be adjusted in a timely manner with the dynamic changes in the deposition thickness.

[0094] like Figure 2As shown, the temperature distribution, pressure distribution, and salt crystal thickness distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe are simultaneously displayed in the same depth coordinate system. The temperature distribution curve shows that the brine temperature gradually increases from the wellhead towards the salt cavity, reaching its highest value at the bottom of the brine discharge pipe. The temperature variation along the depth direction is determined by the wellbore heat transfer relationship, and the temperature distribution function is: ,in Let be the temperature distribution function. To reduce the flow rate of the brine, The wellhead temperature, These are parameters related to heat transfer. The pressure distribution curve shows that the brine pressure increases approximately linearly along the depth direction. The pressure gradient is determined by both the brine density and gravitational acceleration, and is also affected by the frictional pressure drop correction term. The pressure distribution function is obtained through... Confirmed, among which The density of the brine, It is the acceleration due to gravity. The frictional pressure drop term is calculated using the inner diameter and roughness of the brine drain pipe. The salt crystallization thickness distribution curve exhibits a non-uniform characteristic, with the salt crystallization thickness reaching its maximum at a certain depth. This location corresponds to a region with a relatively large local supersaturation and a high effective deposition coefficient.

[0095] After obtaining the temperature and pressure distributions, the corresponding temperature values ​​are calculated for each depth location. and pressure value For the first At a specific depth, the local equilibrium dissolution concentration For local temperature and local pressure The function is represented as Local supersaturation brine salt concentration With local equilibrium solubility concentration The difference, i.e. .when At that depth, no salt was analyzed to show a trend. At that depth, conditions for salt precipitation exist. The theoretical salt precipitation mass per unit volume of fluid at a given depth location for Combined with the brine discharge flow rate through this depth location. The theoretical precipitation mass rate per unit time at this depth location. for .

[0096] Introducing the effective sedimentation coefficient Used to characterize the The proportion of salt actually deposited on the pipe wall was determined by processing at various depths. Effective deposition mass rate per unit time at a depth location for ,in Effective sedimentation coefficient A function of local operating condition parameters, expressed as ,in For the first Local flow velocity at a depth location For local temperature, For local supersaturation, the effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation. Let the operating time step be... within, no. Effective sediment mass increment at depth location for After considering the porosity of the sedimentary layer, the corresponding increase in sedimentary layer volume. for ,in For the first The volume increment of the sedimentary layer at each depth location within the running time step. For the first The effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the runtime time step. The true density of the salt crystal. For the first Porosity of the sedimentary layer at a depth of [number]. The element length corresponding to each depth position is Deposition area on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe for ,in For the current moment The effective inner diameter of the brine drain pipe at a given depth. The salt crystallization thickness increment at each depth location within the running time step for After accumulating the salt crystal thickness increments at each running time step, the... At each depth position at time Salt crystal thickness for The salt crystallization growth rate in continuous form is expressed as... In discrete computing, it is approximated as ,in This represents the salt crystal growth rate. For the thickness of salt crystals, For time.

[0097] As the salt crystal layer on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe gradually thickens, the effective flow diameter decreases accordingly. Effective inner diameter at each depth position for ,in This represents the original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe. Changes in the effective inner diameter further affect local flow velocity, frictional pressure drop, and local deposition conditions. The updated effective inner diameter can be iteratively corrected by resubmitting it into the temperature distribution, pressure distribution, flow velocity distribution, and deposition calculations. At the current moment, the salt crystallization thickness at various locations along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe is compared, and the maximum value is taken. The depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness is denoted as Simultaneously, the salt crystal growth rate at that depth position is obtained. Salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate are used together as early warning criteria. Salt crystal thickness reflects the current degree of blockage, while salt crystal growth rate reflects the speed at which the risk develops. A thickness threshold is preset. , , and growth rate threshold , , Based on this, multiple warning levels are defined. When and Output a low-risk level when; and ,or Output the first warning level at the time; when and ,or The second warning level will be output at the appropriate time; when and The third warning level will be issued at that time. (Through...) Figure 2 It can intuitively identify the location of the most severe salt crystallization on the brine drain pipe wall and its current development trend, providing a visual basis for determining the warning level.

[0098] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic of an embodiment of a real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for salt crystallization thickness on the wall of a brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility, provided by the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for the salt crystallization thickness on the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage facility includes: The determination module 201 is used to determine the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the well depth parameters, the brine physical property parameters, and the real-time operating parameters. The calculation module 202 is used to calculate the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution, as well as the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, and to determine the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. The correction module 203 is used to correct the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position to the effective precipitation amount or effective deposition rate actually deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe, based on the effective deposition coefficient. The conversion module 204 is used to convert the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth position into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer. The output module 205 is used to output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

[0099] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are pre-stored in a database, and the real-time operating parameters are acquired online by sensors installed at the wellhead, the sensors including at least a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0100] In an alternative embodiment, the determining module 201 is specifically used for: The brine discharge pipe is divided into multiple discrete depth positions along the depth direction based on the wellbore depth parameters. Based on the wellhead pressure and brine discharge flow rate in the real-time operating parameters, the brine density and brine viscosity in the brine physical property parameters, and the friction pressure drop correction using the brine discharge pipe inner diameter and brine discharge pipe inner wall roughness in the brine discharge pipe structural parameters, the pressure value at each depth position is calculated. Based on the wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and wellbore heat transfer parameters in the real-time operating parameters, calculate the temperature value at each depth location; The pressure distribution and the temperature distribution are respectively constituted by the pressure value and the temperature value at each depth location.

[0101] In an alternative embodiment, the computing module 202 is specifically used for: The temperature values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the temperature distribution, and the pressure values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the pressure distribution. Using a solubility model pre-established based on the brine salt dissolution equilibrium relationship, the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth are used to calculate the brine salt dissolution equilibrium, and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth is output.

[0102] In one alternative approach, the effective deposition coefficient is a function of the local flow velocity, local temperature, and local supersaturation at each depth location, wherein the local supersaturation is the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration, and the effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local flow velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation.

[0103] In one alternative embodiment, the conversion module 204 is specifically used for: Obtain the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location; When the effective deposition rate is obtained, the effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the running time step is calculated based on the effective deposition rate at each depth location and the running time step. When the effective deposition amount is obtained, the effective deposition amount at each depth position is taken as the effective deposition mass increment within the running time step; Through formula The effective sediment mass increment at each depth location is converted into sediment volume increment, where For the first The volume increment of the deposited layer at each depth location within the stated operating time step. For the first The effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the stated time step. The true density of the salt crystals in the brine physical properties is given. For the first Porosity of the sedimentary layer at a depth location; Obtain the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length corresponding to each depth position from the brine drain pipe structural parameters, and determine the deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position based on the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length. Divide the volume increment of the deposition layer at each depth position by the corresponding deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe to obtain the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position within the operating time step. The salt crystal thickness at each depth position at each running time step is accumulated to obtain the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position; The salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position is obtained by dividing the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position by the running time step.

[0104] In an alternative embodiment, the conversion module 204 is further configured to: The inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe is updated based on the salt crystal thickness on its inner wall at each depth location. The updated inner diameter is determined using the formula... Confirmed, among which For the first Updated brine drain pipe inner diameter at each depth location The original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is mentioned in the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. For the first Salt crystal thickness at a given depth; Based on the updated brine drain pipe inner diameter, the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth are recalculated, and the temperature distribution and pressure distribution are re-determined based on the updated local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop, so as to iteratively correct the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate at each depth. The warning level is output based on the corrected maximum salt crystal thickness and the corrected salt crystal growth rate at the specified depth.

[0105] In another embodiment of the real-time prediction and early warning device for salt crystallization thickness on the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage facility of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a storage module, a parameter acquisition module, a temperature distribution calculation module, a pressure distribution calculation module, a local precipitation calculation module, an effective deposition correction module, a porosity prediction module, an effective inner diameter update module, a thickness and growth rate calculation module, a maximum thickness location identification module, a risk assessment module, an early warning output module, a field monitoring system, and a human-machine interaction or operation control system.

[0106] The storage module is used to pre-store the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine. The structural parameters include the inner diameter, length, wall thickness, and roughness of the discharge pipe. The physical properties include brine salt concentration, density, viscosity, and true density of the salt crystals. The parameter acquisition module reads the structural parameters and physical properties from the storage module and collects real-time operating parameters online through the field monitoring system. These real-time operating parameters include wellhead pressure, wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and operating time. The field monitoring system collects these parameters online using pressure, temperature, and flow sensors installed at the wellhead. The temperature distribution calculation module determines the temperature distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters, wellhead depth, brine physical properties, and real-time operating parameters. The pressure distribution calculation module determines the pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters, wellhead depth, brine physical properties, and real-time operating parameters. The local precipitation calculation module calculates the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth along the depth direction based on the temperature and pressure distributions in the brine discharge pipe, as well as the brine salt concentration in the brine physical properties. It then determines the local precipitation amount or rate at each depth based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. The effective deposition correction module corrects the local precipitation amount or rate at each depth to the actual effective deposition amount or rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe based on the effective deposition coefficient. The porosity prediction module converts the effective deposition amount or rate at each depth into the salt crystallization thickness increment on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer. The effective inner diameter update module updates the inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe based on the salt crystal thickness at each depth. It then recalculates the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth based on the updated inner diameter, and redetermines the temperature and pressure distributions based on these updated values. This iteratively corrects the salt crystal thickness and growth rate at each depth. The thickness and growth rate calculation module accumulates the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth over each running time step, obtaining the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe at each depth. It then calculates the salt crystal growth rate on the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe at each depth based on the ratio of the salt crystal thickness increment to the running time step. The maximum thickness location identification module compares the salt crystal thickness at each location along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe to determine the depth location corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness. The risk assessment module outputs a warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at that depth location. The warning output module outputs the salt crystal thickness and growth rate at each location along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe, the maximum salt crystal thickness and its corresponding depth location, and the warning level.The human-machine interface or operation control system is connected to the early warning output module to display the salt crystal thickness distribution curve, salt crystal growth rate distribution curve, maximum salt crystal thickness and its corresponding depth position, and early warning level in real time. This provides on-site operators with intuitive monitoring and early warning information and sends control commands to the on-site monitoring system to adjust the gas injection and brine discharge operation parameters according to the early warning level.

[0107] It should be noted that the beneficial effects of the real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in the salt cavern gas storage provided in the above embodiments are the same as those of the real-time prediction and early warning method for salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in the salt cavern gas storage provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the device can be divided into different functional modules according to the actual situation to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and their specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] The real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage of the present invention can be a computer program (including program code) running on a computer device. For example, the real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage of the present invention is an application software that can be used to execute the corresponding steps in the real-time prediction and early warning method for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage of the present invention.

[0109] In some embodiments, the real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage facility of the present invention can be implemented by a combination of hardware and software. As an example, the real-time prediction and early warning device 200 for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage facility of the present invention can be a processor in the form of a hardware decoding processor, which is programmed to execute the real-time prediction and early warning method for the salt crystallization thickness of the brine discharge pipe wall of the salt cavern gas storage facility of the present invention. For example, the processor in the form of a hardware decoding processor can adopt one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other electronic components.

[0110] The modules described in the embodiments of this invention can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules are not, in some cases, limiting the scope of the module itself.

[0111] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility. That is, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include, but is not limited to: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store the computer program; the processor is used to execute the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility as shown in any embodiment of the present invention by calling the computer program.

[0112] In one alternative embodiment, an electronic device is provided, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The illustrated electronic device 4000 includes a processor 4001 and a memory 4003. The processor 4001 and the memory 4003 are connected, for example, via a bus 4002. Optionally, the electronic device 4000 may further include a transceiver 4004, which can be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as sending and / or receiving data. It should be noted that in practical applications, the transceiver 4004 is not limited to one type, and the structure of the electronic device 4000 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0113] Processor 4001 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this invention. Processor 4001 may also be a combination that implements computational functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0114] Bus 4002 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. Bus 4002 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. Bus 4002 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The bus 4002 is represented by only one thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0115] The memory 4003 may be ROM (Read Only Memory) or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, RAM (Random Access Memory) or other types of dynamic storage devices capable of storing information and instructions, or EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto.

[0116] The memory 4003 stores application code (computer program) for executing the present invention, and its execution is controlled by the processor 4001. The processor 4001 executes the application code stored in the memory 4003 to implement the content shown in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0117] Among them, electronic devices can also be terminal devices. A terminal device can be any terminal device that can install applications and access web pages through applications, including at least one of smartphones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, smart speakers, smartwatches, smart TVs, and smart in-vehicle devices.

[0118] It should be noted that, Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0119] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility.

[0120] Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storage device, etc.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product or computer program is also provided, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of an electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the electronic device to perform the aforementioned method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of the brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility.

[0122] Computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0123] It should be understood that the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using dedicated hardware-based means to perform the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0124] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this invention can be, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0125] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0126] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-disclosed concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

[0127] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and represent a limitation on a specific order or sequence. Where appropriate, the order of use for similar objects can be interchanged so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that shown or described.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will recognize that this invention can be implemented as an apparatus, method, or computer program product. Therefore, this invention can be specifically implemented in the following forms: it can be entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software, generally referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "apparatus." Furthermore, in some embodiments, this invention can also be implemented as a computer program product contained in one or more computer-readable media, which includes computer-readable program code.

[0129] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility, characterized in that, include: Based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the well depth parameters, the brine physical properties parameters, and the real-time operating parameters, the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe are determined. Based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distribution, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position is calculated, and the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position is determined based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. Based on the effective deposition coefficient, the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth location is corrected to the actual effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe. Based on the porosity of the deposited layer, the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth is converted into the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe. Output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

2. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe and the physical properties of the brine are pre-stored in a database. The real-time operating parameters are acquired online by sensors installed at the wellhead. The sensors include at least a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

3. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for determining the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters of the discharge pipe, the wellbore depth parameters, the brine physical properties parameters, and real-time operating parameters include: The brine discharge pipe is divided into multiple discrete depth positions along the depth direction based on the wellbore depth parameters. Based on the wellhead pressure and brine discharge flow rate in the real-time operating parameters, the brine density and brine viscosity in the brine physical property parameters, and the friction pressure drop correction using the brine discharge pipe inner diameter and brine discharge pipe inner wall roughness in the brine discharge pipe structural parameters, the pressure value at each depth position is calculated. Based on the wellhead temperature, brine discharge flow rate, and wellbore heat transfer parameters in the real-time operating parameters, calculate the temperature value at each depth location; The pressure distribution and the temperature distribution are respectively constituted by the pressure value and the temperature value at each depth location.

4. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth location based on the temperature and pressure at each depth location along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature and pressure distribution, and the brine salt concentration in the brine physical properties, includes: The temperature values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the temperature distribution, and the pressure values ​​at each depth position of the brine drain pipe along the depth direction are extracted from the pressure distribution. Using a solubility model pre-established based on the brine salt dissolution equilibrium relationship, the temperature and pressure values ​​at each depth are used to calculate the brine salt dissolution equilibrium, and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth is output.

5. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 4, characterized in that, The effective deposition coefficient is a function of the local flow velocity, local temperature, and local supersaturation at each depth location. The local supersaturation is the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. The effective deposition coefficient decreases with increasing local flow velocity and increases with increasing local supersaturation.

6. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of converting the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the brine discharge pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer includes: Obtain the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth location; When the effective deposition rate is obtained, the effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the running time step is calculated based on the effective deposition rate at each depth location and the running time step. When the effective deposition amount is obtained, the effective deposition amount at each depth position is taken as the effective deposition mass increment within the running time step; Through formula The effective sediment mass increment at each depth location is converted into sediment volume increment, where For the first The volume increment of the deposited layer at each depth location within the stated operating time step. For the first The effective deposition mass increment at each depth location within the stated time step. The true density of the salt crystals in the brine physical properties is given. For the first Porosity of the sedimentary layer at a depth location; Obtain the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length corresponding to each depth position from the brine drain pipe structural parameters, and determine the deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position based on the inner diameter of the brine drain pipe and the unit length. Divide the volume increment of the deposition layer at each depth position by the corresponding deposition area of ​​the inner wall of the brine drain pipe to obtain the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position within the operating time step. The salt crystal thickness at each depth position at each running time step is accumulated to obtain the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position; The salt crystal growth rate of the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at each depth position is obtained by dividing the salt crystal thickness increment at each depth position by the running time step.

7. The method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility according to claim 6, characterized in that, After obtaining the salt crystal thickness on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe at various depth locations, the method further includes: The inner diameter of the brine discharge pipe is updated based on the salt crystal thickness on its inner wall at each depth location. The updated inner diameter is determined using the formula... Confirmed, among which For the first Updated brine drain pipe inner diameter at each depth location The original inner diameter of the brine drain pipe is mentioned in the structural parameters of the brine drain pipe. For the first Salt crystal thickness at a given depth; Based on the updated brine drain pipe inner diameter, the local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop at each depth are recalculated, and the temperature distribution and pressure distribution are re-determined based on the updated local flow velocity and frictional pressure drop, so as to iteratively correct the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate at each depth. The warning level is output based on the corrected maximum salt crystal thickness and the corrected salt crystal growth rate at the specified depth.

8. A device for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of a brine discharge pipe in a salt cavern gas storage facility, characterized in that, include: The determination module is used to determine the temperature and pressure distribution along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe based on the structural parameters of the brine discharge pipe, the well depth parameters, the brine physical property parameters, and the real-time operating parameters. The calculation module is used to calculate the local equilibrium dissolution concentration of salt in the brine at each depth position based on the temperature and pressure at each depth position along the depth direction of the brine discharge pipe in the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution, as well as the brine salt concentration in the brine physical property parameters, and to determine the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth position based on the difference between the brine salt concentration and the local equilibrium dissolution concentration. The correction module is used to correct the local precipitation amount or precipitation rate at each depth location to the actual effective precipitation amount or effective deposition rate deposited on the inner wall of the brine drain pipe, based on the effective deposition coefficient. The conversion module is used to convert the effective deposition amount or effective deposition rate at each depth position into the salt crystallization thickness and salt crystallization growth rate of the inner wall of the brine discharge pipe based on the porosity of the deposition layer. The output module is used to output the salt crystal thickness and salt crystal growth rate at each position along the depth direction of the brine drain pipe, determine the depth position corresponding to the maximum salt crystal thickness, and output the warning level based on the maximum salt crystal thickness and the salt crystal growth rate at the depth position.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor coupled to a memory, the memory storing at least one computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to enable the electronic device to implement the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the wall of brine discharge pipe of a salt cavern gas storage facility as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for real-time prediction and early warning of salt crystallization thickness on the brine discharge pipe wall of a salt cavern gas storage facility as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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