Pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles

Abstract

The application discloses a pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles, and relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction.The method realizes systematic and active avoidance of underground obstacles through the cooperation of the following steps: establishing a BIM basic model through multi-source information fusion, measuring and marking through a ground penetrating radar, composite collision identification of spatial positions, list-based avoidance processing, and dynamic adjustment of a construction process, effectively solves the technical problems of low collision identification efficiency and easy omission caused by the lack of systematic integration means in the prior art, and improves the adaptability of pile foundation construction to complex underground environments and the reliability of pile forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation construction technology, and in particular to a pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles. Background Technology

[0002] Pile foundations, as one of the most important foundation types in building engineering, are widely used in the construction of high-rise buildings, bridges, ports, and other projects. With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the scale and complexity of building projects are constantly increasing, and pile foundation construction technology has evolved from manual excavation and mechanical drilling to information-assisted construction. In recent years, the rise of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has provided strong support for the refined management of engineering construction, and the application of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technology has significantly improved the detection capabilities of underground spaces.

[0003] Currently, in the pile foundation construction of urban renewal and new construction projects around existing buildings, construction units typically conduct manual assessments of the underground conditions in the construction area based on design drawings, geological survey reports, and existing building foundation data, and formulate construction plans accordingly. Some projects will use ground-penetrating radar or other geophysical exploration methods to conduct localized detection of the construction area, obtain basic information on underground anomalies, and then technical personnel will make appropriate adjustments to the pile location layout based on their construction experience to avoid known underground obstacles.

[0004] However, when carrying out pile foundation construction, the existing technology lacks a systematic means of integrating multi-source underground information. Design data, geological survey data, original building foundation data and underground structure data are independent of each other, making it difficult to form a unified three-dimensional model of underground space. As a result, the identification of spatial positional conflicts between underground obstacles and the proposed pile location mainly relies on manual experience judgment, which is inefficient and prone to omissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a pile foundation construction method that avoids underground obstacles. This method aims to solve the technical problems of existing pile foundation construction, which suffers from low efficiency and easy omissions due to the lack of systematic integration of multi-source underground information, the independence of design data, geological survey data, original building foundation data and underground structure data, making it difficult to form a unified three-dimensional model of underground space, and the reliance on manual experience to identify spatial conflicts between underground obstacles and the proposed pile location.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention proposes a pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles, comprising the following steps: Based on the pre-set construction data, a BIM foundation model of the pile foundation of the proposed project is established; wherein, the pre-set construction data includes the pile foundation design data, original building foundation data, geological survey data, and underground structure data of the proposed project. Ground-penetrating radar was used to scan the target construction area corresponding to the proposed project in zones to obtain geological scanning results; wherein, the geological scanning results include the planar location, burial depth range and distribution characteristics of underground anomalies; The geological scanning results are labeled in the BIM basic model to obtain an underground obstacle distribution map. The positional relationship between the proposed piles and the underground obstacles is composited to obtain a composite result. Based on the composite results, the pile locations affected by the underground obstacles are identified, and a list of collision pile locations is obtained; wherein, the list of collision pile locations records the pile location coordinates and the affected area of ​​the pile locations affected by the underground obstacles; After avoiding the pile locations listed in the collision pile location list, the construction of the corresponding pile type is organized. During construction, the subsequent pile positions and construction sequence are adjusted based on the real-time geological data of the target construction area obtained on site, and the construction of the pile foundation is completed.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention integrates the pile foundation design data, original building foundation data, geological survey data, and underground structure data of the proposed project to establish a BIM foundation model for the pile foundation. This allows multi-source information such as known underground pipelines, existing foundations, underground structures, and strata distribution within the construction area to be presented in a single three-dimensional information model, replacing the existing approach of having independent data and relying on manual piecing together of underground spatial information. Based on this, ground-penetrating radar is used to scan the target construction area in zones, obtaining the planar location, burial depth range, and distribution characteristics of underground anomalies. These geological scan results are then individually labeled into the BIM foundation model to form an underground obstacle distribution map. This process supplements the model with anomalies actually detected on-site, achieving a comprehensive digital representation of the underground obstacle situation in the construction area. Subsequently, within a unified model environment, the spatial locations of each proposed pile foundation are spatially composited with the underground obstacle distribution map. This involves overlaying and comparing the pile body extent of each proposed pile with the three-dimensional spatial boundaries of surrounding obstacles to obtain a composite result. This automatically identifies conflicts where pile locations overlap or are too close to underground obstacles, generating a list of colliding piles containing pile coordinates and the affected area. This composite and identification process transforms the spatial conflict detection between underground obstacles and pile locations from manual, pile-by-pile experience-based judgment to a systematic comparison based on a unified model. This avoids the problem of overlooking hidden conflicts during manual identification, improving the comprehensiveness and efficiency of identification. For the obstructed pile locations recorded in the colliding pile location list, avoidance measures are taken in advance, including adjusting the pile's planar coordinates, changing the pile length or the bearing layer at the pile tip, or using a pile type with crossing capabilities. Construction preparation and implementation for the corresponding pile type are organized accordingly, proactively avoiding interference from underground obstacles before construction, reducing the risk of drilling stoppages, deviations, or pile breakage during construction. During construction, real-time geological data obtained through on-site excavation or advanced drilling is used to dynamically adjust the locations and sequence of subsequent piles that have not yet been constructed. This allows the pile layout and pile formation process to flexibly adapt to changes in actual underground conditions, further mitigating construction risks caused by limitations in preliminary data or local geological abrupt changes. By integrating multi-source information to establish a BIM foundation model, ground-penetrating radar measurement annotations, spatial location composite collision identification, list-based obstacle avoidance processing, and dynamic adjustment during construction, this method achieves systematic and proactive avoidance of underground obstacles. It effectively solves the technical problems of low collision identification efficiency and easy omissions caused by the lack of systematic integration methods in existing technologies, improving the adaptability of pile foundation construction to complex underground environments and the reliability of pile formation. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 A flowchart of the pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles provided by the present invention.

[0010] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0013] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0014] This invention proposes a pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles.

[0015] Please see Figure 1To facilitate understanding, this method for constructing pile foundations to avoid underground obstacles includes the following steps: S100. Based on the preset construction data, establish a BIM foundation model of the pile foundation of the proposed project; wherein, the preset construction data includes the pile foundation design data, original building foundation data, geological survey data, and underground structure data of the proposed project.

[0016] Specifically, before carrying out pile foundation construction, it is necessary to collect and integrate all the pre-set construction data related to the proposed project, so as to serve as the data foundation for establishing the BIM basic model.

[0017] It should be noted that the pre-set construction data covers four aspects: first, pile foundation design data, including pile location plan, pile type parameters, pile top elevation, and pile cap layout; second, original building foundation data, namely, historical archives of the original foundation form, depth, dimensions, and plane coordinates of existing buildings (structures) within the construction area; third, geological survey data, including geological borehole data, soil layer information, soil physical and mechanical parameters, and groundwater level information; and fourth, underground structure data, including the location, depth, and geometric dimensions of various underground structures such as underground pipelines, basements, civil defense projects, and existing foundations within the construction area.

[0018] By integrating the four types of data into the BIM platform, the underground conditions of the construction area can be modeled as a whole in three-dimensional space. This overcomes the problem that the various types of data are independent and it is difficult to form a unified underground space model, laying a data foundation for subsequent underground obstacle identification and pile location conflict analysis.

[0019] To further clarify, when establishing the BIM basic model, a unified coordinate system should be used as the benchmark. All the aforementioned data should be three-dimensionally positioned according to their actual spatial locations to ensure accurate spatial correspondence within the same coordinate system. Any unclear or missing parts of the data should be specifically checked and supplemented before modeling to guarantee the model's integrity and reliability.

[0020] S200. Ground penetrating radar is used to perform a zoned scan of the target construction area corresponding to the proposed project to obtain geological scan results; wherein, the geological scan results include the planar location, burial depth range and distribution characteristics of underground anomalies.

[0021] Specifically, after the BIM basic model is established, ground penetrating radar (GPR) needs to be used to conduct on-site scanning of the target construction area to obtain real underground geological and obstacle distribution information within the construction area, as a verification and supplement to the existing data in the BIM basic model.

[0022] Before commencing scanning operations, the construction area should be rationally divided into zones based on the overall area of ​​the target construction area, the site surface conditions, and the expected complexity of the underground conditions. A corresponding scanning line layout plan should then be developed. Specifically, the spacing between the scanning lines should be determined according to the required detection accuracy, typically between 0.5m and 2.0m, to ensure complete scanning coverage and avoid detection blind spots.

[0023] During scanning operations, the radar should be deployed sequentially according to the designated zones, moving at a constant speed along the pre-set survey lines and recording radar reflection signals in real time. The operating frequency of the ground-penetrating radar should be selected based on the target's burial depth: for shallow obstacles (generally less than 3m), a higher frequency antenna (e.g., 900MHz to 1.5GHz) is recommended to achieve higher longitudinal resolution; for deeper obstacles (generally exceeding 3m), a lower frequency antenna (e.g., 200MHz to 400MHz) is recommended to ensure sufficient detection depth.

[0024] It is important to note that the obtained geological scanning results should include the following three aspects: first, the planar location of the underground anomaly, i.e., its spatial positioning information within the coordinate system of the construction area; second, its burial depth range, i.e., the depth interval between the top and bottom surfaces of the anomaly and the ground surface; and third, its distribution characteristics, including the anomaly's morphological features (e.g., strip-shaped, block-shaped, point-shaped, etc.), size, and contact relationship with surrounding soil layers. This information can be obtained through professional interpretation and processing analysis of radar reflection waveforms. If necessary, verification should be performed using manual verification boreholes to improve the accuracy of the interpretation results.

[0025] By using zonal scanning, a systematic underground space detection coverage can be formed in the target construction area, effectively making up for the deficiencies in the description of the current underground conditions in existing data, and providing a reliable basis for the accurate marking of underground obstacles in the future.

[0026] S300. The geological scanning results are marked in the BIM basic model to obtain the underground obstacle distribution map, and the positional relationship between the proposed piles and the underground obstacles is composited to obtain the composite result.

[0027] Specifically, after obtaining the geological scan results, they are labeled into the aforementioned BIM basic model according to a unified coordinate system, so as to realize the superposition and fusion of the field measured ground exploration data and the existing modeling data in the same three-dimensional space, thereby generating an underground obstacle distribution map containing the spatial distribution information of underground obstacles.

[0028] When labeling, the planar location, burial depth range and distribution characteristics of each anomaly in the geological scan results should be visualized in the BIM model in the form of a three-dimensional geometry. Different types of obstacles should be classified, labeled and marked, such as distinguishing between different types of obstacles such as existing pile foundations, underground pipelines, basement floors, boulders or isolated rocks, so that targeted avoidance measures can be taken for different types of obstacles in the future.

[0029] Furthermore, after obtaining the underground obstacle distribution map, the three-dimensional coordinate information of the proposed pile locations needs to be spatially superimposed with the underground obstacle distribution map. Through three-dimensional spatial positional relationship analysis, it is determined whether the extension path of the pile hole at each proposed pile location spatially intersects or is too close to the marked underground obstacles, thus obtaining a composite result. The composite result should accurately reflect the spatial positional relationship between each pile location and the underground obstacle, including three scenarios: no impact, proximity (i.e., the net distance between the pile location and the obstacle is less than the safe control distance), and direct collision.

[0030] By using the above-mentioned multi-source information fusion and spatial composite method, the conflict between pile location and underground obstacle can be comprehensively and systematically identified in three-dimensional space. This overcomes the problem of omissions that are easily caused when relying on human experience for two-dimensional plane judgment, and significantly improves the accuracy and completeness of conflict identification.

[0031] S400. Identify the pile locations affected by the underground obstacle based on the composite results, and obtain a list of collision pile locations; wherein, the list of collision pile locations records the pile location coordinates and the affected area of ​​the pile locations affected by the underground obstacle.

[0032] Specifically, based on the aforementioned composite results, all pile locations that have a collision or proximity relationship with underground obstacles are extracted from all proposed pile locations, and the relevant information of the affected pile locations is summarized and organized to form a list of collision pile locations.

[0033] It should be further noted that the collision pile location list is the core document for subsequent avoidance operations, and its content should be complete and accurate. In this embodiment, the collision pile location list should include at least the following information: First, the pile location coordinate information, namely the plane coordinates (X, Y) of the affected pile location in the construction coordinate system and the design elevation (Z) of the pile top; second, the affected area of ​​the pile location, namely the specific spatial conflict range between the location of the pile location and the underground obstacle, including the conflict initiation depth, conflict termination depth, and a description of the geometric range of the conflict area; third, the obstacle type and parameters, so that technicians can formulate targeted treatment plans based on the physical characteristics of the obstacle itself when carrying out avoidance operations.

[0034] By establishing a collision pile list, conflict information between underground obstacles and proposed pile locations can be systematically collected in a structured manner, providing a clear working basis for subsequent batch avoidance processing and effectively avoiding omissions and errors caused by information dispersion.

[0035] S500. After avoiding the pile positions in the collision pile position list, organize the construction of the corresponding pile type.

[0036] Specifically, for each affected pile recorded in the list of collision pile locations, a corresponding avoidance and treatment plan should be formulated one by one based on the specific conditions of the affected area, and the construction work of the corresponding pile type should be organized after the avoidance and treatment is completed.

[0037] When carrying out obstacle avoidance measures, different avoidance measures can be taken depending on the type and size of the underground obstacle and the degree of conflict between it and the proposed pile location.

[0038] When underground obstacles are small (such as boulders or existing short piles) and the conflict range between the obstacle and the proposed pile location is limited, a planar offset of the pile location can be used for avoidance. This involves appropriately offsetting the affected pile location in the plane, provided that the stress requirements of the superstructure and the pile cap layout are met, to maintain a sufficient safe clearance between the adjusted pile location and the underground obstacle. The offset distance and direction should be confirmed through a new spatial composite verification to ensure that the adjusted pile location no longer conflicts with any underground obstacles.

[0039] When the underground obstacle is large (such as an existing deep foundation or a large-volume basement slab), and the horizontal offset cannot meet the avoidance requirements, a comprehensive approach combining pile type adjustment can be adopted. For example, the original straight piles can be adjusted to inclined piles, changing the inclination direction and angle of the piles to allow the pile trajectory to bypass the area occupied by the underground obstacle in space; or large-diameter piles can be adjusted to a combination of multiple small-diameter piles to reduce the cross-sectional size of a single pile, thereby reducing the spatial interference range with the underground obstacle. All of the above pile type adjustment schemes should be implemented only after corresponding structural verification calculations.

[0040] It should be noted that after the avoidance process is completed and the adjusted pile location scheme is confirmed to meet the avoidance requirements, the adjustment results should be updated to the BIM basic model in a timely manner to maintain the consistency between the model and the actual construction scheme, and the construction operation of the corresponding pile type should be organized according to the updated pile location layout.

[0041] S600. During the construction process, the subsequent pile positions and construction sequence are adjusted based on the real-time geological data of the target construction area obtained on site, and the construction of the pile foundation is completed.

[0042] Specifically, given the complexity of underground space conditions and the inherent limitations in the accuracy of existing detection methods, real-time geological data obtained at the construction site should be continuously collected during the pile foundation construction process. Based on the deviation between the real-time geological data and the previous model, the subsequent pile positions and construction sequence should be dynamically adjusted to ensure that the overall pile foundation construction operation can continue to proceed in an orderly manner when dealing with unforeseen underground obstacles.

[0043] The main methods for acquiring real-time geological data include the following: First, real-time recording of stratum change information during pile hole drilling, including the actual burial depth, thickness, and soil condition of each soil layer; second, drilling anomalies caused by encountering underground obstacles during drilling, including sudden changes in drilling rate, abnormal increases in torque, and abnormal backflow of cuttings; and third, the latest local geological information obtained during construction breaks through supplementary ground-penetrating radar scanning or borehole operations.

[0044] After obtaining the aforementioned real-time geological data, it should be promptly compared and analyzed with the existing information in the BIM basic model. If a significant deviation is found between the actual underground conditions on site and the model, and this deviation may affect subsequent pile positions that have not yet been constructed, the subsequent pile positions should be reviewed and adjusted for avoidance according to the processing logic of steps S400 to S500 mentioned above. Based on the adjustment results, the construction sequence should be optimized accordingly, prioritizing the construction of pile positions with no conflict risks to reduce overall construction risks.

[0045] The aforementioned dynamic adjustment closed-loop feedback method can effectively address the unknown underground obstacles that are continuously exposed during construction, ensuring that the overall pile foundation construction plan remains under control throughout the entire construction process, and ultimately completing all pile foundation construction operations with high quality.

[0046] In this embodiment, by unifying and integrating the pile foundation design data, original building foundation data, geological survey data, and underground structure data of the proposed project, a BIM foundation model for the pile foundation is established. This allows multi-source information such as known underground pipelines, existing foundations, underground structures, and strata distribution within the construction area to be presented in a single three-dimensional information model, replacing the existing approach of having independent data and relying on manual piecing together of underground spatial information. Based on this, ground-penetrating radar is used to scan the target construction area in zones, obtaining the planar location, burial depth range, and distribution characteristics of underground anomalies. These geological scan results are then individually labeled into the BIM foundation model to form an underground obstacle distribution map. This process supplements the model with anomalies actually detected on-site, achieving a comprehensive digital representation of the underground obstacle situation in the construction area. Subsequently, within a unified model environment, the spatial locations of each proposed pile foundation are spatially composited with the underground obstacle distribution map. This involves overlaying and comparing the pile body extent of each proposed pile with the three-dimensional spatial boundaries of surrounding obstacles to obtain a composite result. This automatically identifies conflicts where pile locations overlap or are too close to underground obstacles, generating a list of colliding piles containing pile coordinates and the affected area. This composite and identification process transforms the spatial conflict detection between underground obstacles and pile locations from manual, pile-by-pile experience-based judgment to a systematic comparison based on a unified model. This avoids the problem of overlooking hidden conflicts during manual identification, improving the comprehensiveness and efficiency of identification. For the obstructed pile locations recorded in the colliding pile location list, avoidance measures are taken in advance, including adjusting the pile's planar coordinates, changing the pile length or the bearing layer at the pile tip, or using a pile type with crossing capabilities. Construction preparation and implementation for the corresponding pile type are organized accordingly, proactively avoiding interference from underground obstacles before construction, reducing the risk of drilling stoppages, deviations, or pile breakage during construction. During construction, real-time geological data obtained through on-site excavation or advanced drilling is used to dynamically adjust the locations and sequence of subsequent piles that have not yet been constructed. This allows the pile layout and pile formation process to flexibly adapt to changes in actual underground conditions, further mitigating construction risks caused by limitations in preliminary data or local geological abrupt changes. By integrating multi-source information to establish a BIM foundation model, ground-penetrating radar measurement annotations, spatial location composite collision identification, list-based obstacle avoidance processing, and dynamic adjustment during construction, this method achieves systematic and proactive avoidance of underground obstacles. It effectively solves the technical problems of low collision identification efficiency and easy omissions caused by the lack of systematic integration methods in existing technologies, improving the adaptability of pile foundation construction to complex underground environments and the reliability of pile formation.

[0047] In one embodiment, step S200 includes: S210. Divide the target construction area into multiple spaced scanning areas; wherein at least one of the scanning areas contains an abnormal area, and the abnormal area is at least one of the old building column grid area, old foundation concentrated area, basement edge area or abnormal surface area.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, before formally commencing ground-penetrating radar scanning operations, the target construction area should first be rationally zoned. This zoning plan should incorporate pre-collected construction data (including original building foundation data, underground structure data, and geological survey data), systematically dividing the target construction area on a construction plan. This divides the entire target construction area into multiple spaced scanning zones to ensure that subsequent scanning operations can achieve comprehensive detection coverage of the entire construction area in a zoned, progressive manner.

[0049] It is important to note that when delineating the scanning area, special attention should be paid to abnormal areas within the target construction area. These abnormal areas refer to areas identified based on existing data as having a high risk of underground obstacles or complex underground conditions, specifically including the following four categories: First, the old building column grid area, which is the plane area where the original column bases or independent foundations of existing buildings (structures) are located. There is a high probability that there are old pile foundations, spread foundations or other forms of old building foundation remnants in this area. Second, the old pile cap concentration area, which is the area where old pile caps are densely distributed as recorded in historical data. The pile caps are large in volume and usually shallow in depth, which is a typical area with a dense distribution of underground obstacles. Third, the basement boundary area, which is the area where the original basement exterior walls and floor slabs are located. This type of area usually contains large-volume underground structures such as concrete floor slabs, basement exterior walls or waterproof structural layers. Fourth, the abnormal surface area, which is the area where there are abnormal phenomena such as surface bulges, subsidence, leakage traces or abnormal vegetation. The above-mentioned abnormal surface features are often directly related to underground cavities, underground pipeline leakage or old underground structures.

[0050] By specifically identifying and labeling the aforementioned abnormal areas during partitioning, targeted and differentiated arrangements can be made in the allocation of scanning resources, providing a clear basis for subsequent encrypted scanning operations.

[0051] S220. In each of the said scanning areas, scanning lines are laid out along at least two intersecting directions.

[0052] Specifically, after the scanning area is divided, scanning lines should be laid out within each scanning area. In this embodiment, the scanning lines are laid out in at least two intersecting directions, that is, a set of parallel lines are laid out in two or more different directions within the same scanning area, so that the sets of lines form an intersecting grid-like coverage on the plane.

[0053] It can be further explained that, under normal circumstances, the preferred direction for laying out the scanning lines is two mutually perpendicular directions (i.e., orthogonal lines) to ensure comprehensive detection of the planar extension morphology of underground anomalies. For areas with relatively clear morphological orientations (such as pipelines or strip-shaped old foundations extending along a specific direction), oblique lines along the main orientation of the obstacle can be added to the orthogonal lines to further improve the identification accuracy of such anomalies.

[0054] When determining the spacing of the survey lines, the expected size of the target and the accuracy requirements of the construction should be considered comprehensively. Generally, the spacing of the survey lines in the regular scanning area is controlled between 1.0m and 2.0m; for areas with more complex underground conditions and smaller expected obstacle sizes, the spacing of the survey lines should be appropriately increased, generally controlled between 0.5m and 1.0m, to ensure that small underground obstacles are not missed.

[0055] By using intersecting scanning lines in each scanning area, the reflected signals of underground anomalies can be obtained from multiple detection angles, effectively avoiding the problem of missed detection caused by signal obstruction or unfavorable refraction angle when detecting from a single direction, thereby improving the reliability of identifying the planar position and shape of underground obstacles.

[0056] S230. For each of the scanning areas, perform scanning operations sequentially according to the scanning lines.

[0057] Specifically, after completing the division of the scanning area and the layout of the survey lines, on-site scanning operations should be carried out for each scanning area in sequence according to the preset survey lines. In this embodiment, the scanning operation should be carried out in an orderly manner according to the zoning order. The operator controls the ground penetrating radar equipment to move at a constant speed along the survey line direction and records the radar signal in real time during the movement.

[0058] During the scanning process, it is essential to ensure that the ground-penetrating radar antenna maintains stable coupling contact with the ground to prevent signal distortion caused by the antenna lifting off the ground. The travel speed should be kept uniform, typically controlled between 0.3 m / s and 0.5 m / s, to ensure that the radar signal acquisition density along the survey line meets the requirements for subsequent data interpretation.

[0059] It should be noted that before scanning operations are carried out in each scanning area, the operating parameters of the ground penetrating radar equipment should be verified to match the expected detection depth of the current scanning area. The dielectric constant parameters should be calibrated and corrected accordingly based on the surface medium conditions (such as concrete ground, plain soil ground, or backfill layer) to ensure the accuracy of the depth conversion results.

[0060] S240. Perform encrypted scanning on the abnormal area to obtain ground-penetrating radar scanning data.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, for the aforementioned abnormal areas, in addition to completing the routine survey line scanning operation, a more intensive scanning operation should be carried out to obtain more detailed ground-penetrating radar scanning data.

[0062] The encrypted scanning refers to further reducing the spacing between the existing scanning lines and increasing the scanning direction in an abnormal area, so as to carry out high-density detection and coverage of the spatial range in which underground obstacles are suspected to exist.

[0063] As a further example, for old building column grid areas and old foundation concentrated areas, the spacing of the survey lines in the densified scanning is preferably reduced to 0.3m to 0.5m, and a 45° oblique survey line is added on the basis of the survey lines in the two orthogonal directions, so as to finely depict the planar outline and burial depth of the old foundations in this area.

[0064] For basement boundary areas and abnormal surface areas, the spacing between the survey lines in the densified scanning should preferably be reduced to 0.5m, while the travel speed of the ground penetrating radar should be appropriately reduced (controlled within 0.2m / s) to increase the signal acquisition density and enhance the ability to identify the boundaries of large-volume concrete structures or underground cavities in such areas.

[0065] By conducting encrypted scanning of abnormal areas, higher resolution and more detailed ground-penetrating radar scanning data can be obtained in key risk areas, providing sufficient data support for the accurate identification of suspected underground obstacle areas.

[0066] S250. Based on the continuity, shape, and depth changes of radar reflection anomalies recorded in the ground-penetrating radar scanning data, determine the area of ​​suspected underground obstacles.

[0067] Specifically, after obtaining the aforementioned ground-penetrating radar scanning data, professionals should systematically interpret the original radar image data. By comprehensively analyzing the characteristics of the three dimensions of radar reflection anomalies—continuity, morphology, and depth changes—the suspected underground obstacle areas should be identified and determined.

[0068] In terms of continuity analysis, the focus should be on strong reflection signals with spatial continuity that appear on adjacent survey lines. If a certain reflection anomaly shows a stable and continuous distribution on multiple survey lines, the anomaly body has a large spatial scale and is more likely to be a solid underground obstacle (such as an old foundation or base plate). Conversely, if the anomalous reflection signal appears only in isolation on a few survey lines, further identification is required by combining other characteristics.

[0069] In terms of morphological analysis, the type of underground anomalies should be preliminarily determined based on the waveform characteristics of radar reflection signals and the hyperbolic diffraction pattern. Generally, point-like or short-axis hyperbolic diffraction features often correspond to isolated boulders, existing pile heads, or locally dense structures; layered or plate-like strong reflective interfaces often correspond to existing concrete slabs, foundation tops, or dense fill layers; and tubular diffraction features often correspond to underground pipeline structures.

[0070] In terms of depth variation analysis, the actual burial depth of the anomaly should be calculated based on the two-way travel time of the radar reflection signal and the calibrated dielectric constant. The depth variation trend reflected by the same anomaly on different survey lines should be analyzed to determine the distribution range and tilt state of the anomaly in the depth direction.

[0071] Through comprehensive analysis, abnormal areas with physical underground obstacle characteristics can be systematically extracted from ground-penetrating radar scanning data, effectively reducing the false judgment rate and improving the reliability of identifying suspected underground obstacle areas.

[0072] S260. Number and mark each suspected underground obstacle area to obtain geological scanning results.

[0073] Specifically, after identifying suspected underground obstacle areas, all identified suspected underground obstacle areas should be assigned a unified number and physically marked at the corresponding surface location on the construction site.

[0074] Regarding the numbering rules, it is advisable to combine the scanning area zoning number with the sequential numbering of suspected obstacles. For example, each suspected underground obstacle area can be marked in the form of "area number - obstacle sequence number" to facilitate quick location during subsequent information archiving and on-site verification.

[0075] Regarding on-site marking, surveying and setting out should be used to accurately lay out the planar projection range of each suspected underground obstacle area on the ground surface, and mark it with obvious physical signs (such as colored paint, stakes, or warning barriers) to ensure that construction personnel can intuitively identify the location and range of each suspected obstacle area on site.

[0076] After numbering and on-site marking are completed, the numbering information, plane coordinate range, burial depth range and anomaly type judgment results of all suspected underground obstacle areas are summarized and organized to form a complete geological scan result. This provides accurate input data for the subsequent S300 steps to mark the geological scan result on the BIM basic model and generate an underground obstacle distribution map.

[0077] In this embodiment, by dividing the target construction area into multiple scanning areas and specifically identifying abnormal areas, and combining a progressively refined detection method of intersecting survey lines, sequential scanning of zones, and intensive scanning of abnormal areas, as well as comprehensively interpreting and analyzing the ground-penetrating radar scanning data from three dimensions of continuity, morphology, and depth changes, a systematic and high-precision detection and identification of underground anomalies within the target construction area is achieved. Finally, by standardizing and marking suspected underground obstacle areas, a structured geological scanning result is formed, providing a highly reliable on-site measured data foundation for the subsequent establishment of underground obstacle distribution maps and pile location conflict analysis. This effectively compensates for the shortcomings in detection accuracy and current status verification capabilities when relying solely on existing data to judge underground conditions.

[0078] In one embodiment, step S300 includes: S310. Set the coordinate system of the BIM basic model and the target construction area to be the same.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, before inputting the geological scanning results into the BIM basic model, it should be ensured that the coordinate system used by the BIM basic model is completely consistent with the coordinate system used by the on-site measurement of the target construction area, that is, the coordinate system setting work is completed.

[0080] It is important to note that a consistent coordinate system is a prerequisite for ensuring accurate spatial positioning of all subsequent data within the BIM model. In practice, the BIM base model should be modeled and positioned using the national geodetic coordinate system or the independent coordinate system used at the construction site, and should be consistent with the measurement control benchmark used during ground-penetrating radar (GPR) scanning. If there are coordinate system differences, coordinate transformation should be performed before data entry to uniformly convert the GPR scanning data to the coordinate system of the BIM base model, ensuring that the transformation accuracy meets the requirements for pile foundation construction positioning (planar positioning error is typically controlled within ±50mm).

[0081] By setting the same coordinate system, the problem of spatial position deviation of underground obstacles caused by inconsistent coordinate benchmarks can be fundamentally eliminated, providing a basic guarantee for the accuracy of subsequent judgment of the spatial relationship between underground obstacles and the proposed pile location.

[0082] S320. Input the geological scan results into the BIM basic model.

[0083] Specifically, after the coordinate system is set up, the geological scanning results generated in the aforementioned steps should be entered into the BIM basic model according to their corresponding spatial coordinate information. In this embodiment, the entered content should include all information such as the number of each suspected underground obstacle area, the range of planar coordinates, the burial depth interval, and the anomaly type judgment result, and each suspected underground obstacle area should be visualized and represented in the BIM model in the form of three-dimensional geometry.

[0084] When performing 3D geometric modeling, based on the planar coordinate range and burial depth interval recorded in the geological scan results, each suspected underground obstacle area should be shaped into a regular or irregular 3D solid form in the BIM model to accurately reflect the spatial occupancy of each anomaly. For suspected obstacle areas with uncertain burial depth or planar boundaries, conservative shaping should be performed according to an appropriate envelope range during modeling to ensure that no omissions occur during subsequent pile location conflict identification.

[0085] It can be further explained that the entry of geological scan results should be completed in batches using parametric modeling to improve data processing efficiency and reduce the risk of coordinate deviations or data omissions during manual entry.

[0086] S330. Mark the suspected distribution areas of old piles, old pile caps, strip foundations, block obstacles, or dense hard layers in the BIM basic model.

[0087] Specifically, after the geological scan results are entered, each suspected underground obstacle area should be classified and labeled in the BIM basic model according to the obstacle type. Specifically, it should be divided into five types: old piles, old pile caps, strip foundations, block obstacles, and dense hard layers. Different colors or layers should be used to distinguish and express these types of obstacles in the model so that technicians can quickly identify the distribution and type attributes of each type of obstacle when reviewing the model.

[0088] It should be noted that the criteria for identifying the above five types of obstacles and their impact on pile foundation construction are different, therefore, classifying and labeling them is of significant engineering importance: Firstly, existing piles, typically appearing as point-like or short-axis diffraction hyperbolic strong reflectors in radar cross-sections, should be annotated in BIM models as point-like or columnar 3D shapes according to their estimated pile diameter and the elevations of the pile top and bottom. Secondly, existing pile caps, usually large-volume concrete blocks, appear as plate-like strong reflective interfaces in radar cross-sections; they should be annotated in BIM models as block-like 3D shapes according to their planar projection range and thickness. Thirdly, strip foundations, usually extending continuously along a specific direction, exhibit continuous strip-like reflective characteristics in radar cross-sections; in BIM models... In the model, strip-shaped 3D annotations should be made according to the direction, width, and burial depth range; fourth, block-shaped obstacles, including isolated boulders, large-volume fillers, and other relatively regular-shaped independent obstacles, should be block-shaped 3D annotations in the BIM model according to their estimated planar dimensions and burial depth range; fifth, dense hard layers, which are usually manifested as continuous strong reflective interfaces that are commonly found within a certain depth range in radar profiles, hinder the penetration construction of pile foundations, should be area-shaped annotations in the BIM model according to their coverage and depth range.

[0089] By classifying and labeling different types of underground obstacles, an intuitive and complete spatial distribution map of underground obstacles can be formed in the BIM basic model, providing accurate information support for the subsequent development of differentiated avoidance and handling solutions for different types of obstacles.

[0090] S340. Compare the planar overlap and proximity relationships between the proposed pile locations and the suspected distribution areas one by one.

[0091] Specifically, after the underground obstacles are classified and labeled, spatial conflict comparisons should be performed on each of the proposed pile locations in the BIM basic model to analyze the planar overlap and proximity relationships between the extension paths of the pile holes of each proposed pile location and the distribution areas of each suspected obstacle.

[0092] In this embodiment, the planar overlap relationship refers to the spatial relationship where the cross-sectional circle of the pile hole at the proposed pile location (with the designed pile diameter as the diameter) intersects or contains the planar projection range of the suspected obstacle area. That is, the cross-sectional circle of the pile hole directly overlaps with the planar projection of the obstacle, indicating that the construction of the pile location will directly encounter underground obstacles. The proximity relationship refers to the spatial relationship where the minimum net distance between the edge of the cross-sectional circle of the pile hole at the proposed pile location and the planar projection boundary of the suspected obstacle area is less than the preset safety control distance. That is, although there is no direct overlap, the pile foundation construction process may affect the adjacent obstacles due to factors such as disturbance, displacement, or groundwater, or the presence of obstacles may affect the quality of pile foundation construction.

[0093] It can be further explained that the preset safety control distance should be determined comprehensively based on the pile foundation type, construction technology, and obstacle type. Generally, for bored cast-in-place piles, the safety control distance is preferably not less than 0.5 times the pile diameter; for precast piles or static pressure piles, the safety control distance is preferably not less than 1 times the pile diameter, in order to fully consider the impact of pile driving soil displacement effect on adjacent obstacles.

[0094] During the comparison process, it is advisable to utilize the collision detection function of the BIM platform to perform batch automated comparison of all proposed pile locations. This will improve comparison efficiency and reduce the risk of omissions during manual pile-by-pile verification. For pile locations marked as having overlapping or adjacent relationships in the automated comparison results, manual verification should be performed to eliminate misjudgments caused by deviations in modeling accuracy.

[0095] S350: Output the pile number, pile type, obstacle type and obstacle burial depth information of the affected pile locations to obtain the underground obstacle distribution map, and combine the positional relationship between the proposed piles and the underground obstacles to obtain the composite result.

[0096] Specifically, after comparing the planar overlap and proximity relationships between all proposed pile locations and areas with suspected obstacles, relevant information for all affected pile locations should be extracted and output from the BIM foundation model, including the following four aspects: First, the pile number, i.e., the number of the affected pile location on the pile location layout diagram, is used to uniquely identify the corresponding pile location; second, the pile type, i.e., the type of pile foundation of the affected pile location (such as bored pile, precast pipe pile, manually excavated pile, etc.) and its main parameters (such as design pile diameter, pile length and pile top elevation, etc.); third, the obstacle category, i.e., the type of underground obstacle that conflicts with the pile location (such as old pile, old pile cap, strip foundation, block obstacle or dense hard layer), is used to guide the subsequent development of targeted avoidance and treatment plans for different obstacle types; fourth, the obstacle burial depth information, i.e., the top and bottom burial depths of the corresponding underground obstacle, is used to determine the depth range of the obstacle's influence on the pile foundation construction.

[0097] After the above information is output, the information of all affected pile locations and the spatial distribution labeling results of underground obstacles are integrated into the BIM basic model to obtain a complete underground obstacle distribution map. At the same time, the above output results are used as a composite result of the positional relationship between the proposed pile locations and underground obstacles, providing direct data basis for establishing a collision pile location list in the subsequent S400 step.

[0098] In this embodiment, the consistency of positioning of various data in three-dimensional space is ensured by setting the same coordinate system. Then, the geological scanning results are entered into the BIM basic model and five types of underground obstacles, namely old piles, old pile caps, strip foundations, block obstacles, and dense hard layers, are classified and labeled. On this basis, the planar overlap and proximity relationships between the proposed pile location and the distribution area of ​​suspected obstacles are systematically compared one by one. Finally, a structured composite result containing information on pile number, pile type, obstacle category, and obstacle burial depth is output. This realizes the comprehensive and accurate identification of the spatial conflict relationship between underground obstacles and the proposed pile location. It fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency and easy omission in traditional methods due to the independence of multi-source information and the reliance on human experience for conflict identification. It provides a complete and reliable data foundation for the formulation of subsequent avoidance and handling schemes.

[0099] In one embodiment, step S350 includes: S351. Output the pile number, pile type, obstacle type and obstacle burial depth information of the affected pile locations to obtain the underground obstacle distribution map; S352. Arrange test verification points for proposed pile locations located within or adjacent to underground obstacle areas; S353. Verification shall be carried out by at least one of the following methods: manual excavation, mechanical shallow excavation, probing, borehole drilling or sampling. S354. Determine whether underground obstacles exist at the verification point, and ascertain their material, top elevation, bottom depth, and planar boundaries; S355. Correct the distribution range of underground obstacles based on the verification results; S356. Based on the revised distribution range of underground obstacles, the list of collision pile locations is re-determined to obtain a composite result.

[0100] In this embodiment, based on the preliminary composite results of the BIM model, targeted test verification points are arranged for the affected pile locations. Various direct detection methods, such as manual excavation, mechanical shallow excavation, probing, borehole drilling, or sampling, are flexibly employed to directly verify and measure the actual existence of suspected underground obstacles and key parameters such as material, top surface elevation, bottom surface depth, and planar boundaries. Then, based on the verification results, the distribution range of underground obstacles in the BIM model is corrected, and the collision pile location list is re-determined based on the correction results, forming a highly reliable final composite result. This effectively compensates for the inherent limitations of indirect detection methods in terms of accuracy, ensuring that the obstacle distribution information used in subsequent avoidance operations is true and accurate, and further improving the engineering applicability and construction safety of the overall construction method of this invention under complex underground space conditions.

[0101] In one embodiment, step S500 includes: S510. Collision pile locations are divided into piles that can be directly constructed, piles that can be finely adjusted, piles that require changes in construction process, piles that require clearing obstacles before construction, and piles that require design review.

[0102] Specifically, in this embodiment, before carrying out avoidance procedures, all affected piles in the collision pile list should first be classified and assessed. Based on obstacle type, obstacle size, degree of conflict between the obstacle and the proposed pile location, and on-site construction conditions, all affected piles are divided into the following five categories: Firstly, there are piles that can be directly constructed, meaning that after verification, it is confirmed that there is no substantial spatial interference between the pile and the underground obstacle, or the actual distribution range of the obstacle has moved out of the area affected by the pile location, and the pile foundation construction can be carried out directly at the original pile location. Secondly, there are piles that can be finely adjusted, meaning that there is a certain spatial proximity between the obstacle and the proposed pile location, but the avoidance requirements can be met by making small adjustments to the pile location within the plane, and the adjusted pile location is still within the allowable range of the pile cap geometric boundary, and the pile spacing and structural stress requirements can be met. Thirdly, there are piles that require a change in construction process, meaning that the impact of the obstacle on the pile foundation construction is mainly reflected in the construction process. Regarding the process adaptability issues during the drilling or pile driving stages, there are pile positions where construction can be completed at the original pile position by adjusting the construction process or equipment; fourth, pile positions where construction requires clearing obstacles, i.e., piles with large volume and high strength obstacles, where normal construction cannot be achieved through process adjustments without clearing the obstacles, and underground obstacles must be cleared before construction can resume at the original pile position; fifth, pile positions requiring design review, i.e., pile positions that are severely affected, where the adjustment range of the pile position exceeds the range of conventional construction adjustments, or involve changes in pile type, pile cap size adjustment, etc., which have a significant impact on the superstructure, and adjustments can only be implemented after structural review and confirmation.

[0103] By classifying the piles into the above five categories, all affected piles in the collision pile list can be systematically diverted, ensuring that subsequent avoidance operations can be carried out in a targeted and categorized manner, avoiding the waste of resources or improper handling caused by mixing piles with different levels of impact.

[0104] S520. For piles that can be directly constructed, retain the original design pile positions and carry out construction.

[0105] Specifically, for pile locations that have been classified and assessed as suitable for direct construction, they should be confirmed and marked in the BIM foundation model and removed from the work scope that needs to be avoided. Construction operations should then be organized directly according to the original pile location coordinates and original pile type parameters.

[0106] It is important to note that the determination of whether a pile can be directly constructed should be based on the verified and revised distribution range of underground obstacles, rather than on the preliminary results of ground-penetrating radar scans. In practice, some pile locations originally listed in the collision pile location list are confirmed after on-site verification to have no actual obstacles within the suspected obstacle area, or the actual planar boundary of the obstacle has moved out of the pile location's influence area. These types of pile locations can then be classified as directly constructible piles. For these pile locations, normal construction records and geological condition monitoring should still be maintained during construction to promptly identify discrepancies between the initial assessment and the actual situation.

[0107] S530. Adjust the position of fine-tunable construction piles under the condition that the requirements of pile cap boundary, pile spacing and structural stress are met.

[0108] Specifically, in this embodiment, for pile positions that are classified as finely adjustable construction piles, the original pile position coordinates should be appropriately offset and adjusted under the premise of comprehensively considering the geometric boundary constraints of the pile cap, the pile spacing limit and the structural stress balance requirements, so that the adjusted pile position and the corresponding underground obstacle meet the specified safety clearance requirements.

[0109] S540. For construction piles requiring changes in construction process, pre-drilling, pilot drilling, partial pile type replacement, or changes in construction equipment shall be adopted to handle the situation.

[0110] Specifically, in this embodiment, for pile locations classified as requiring a change in construction process, the presence of obstacles does not necessitate adjustments to the pile's planar position. Instead, it imposes higher requirements on the drilling penetration capability or the soil displacement capability during pile driving. For such pile locations, one or more of the following combined construction methods should be selected based on the material, size, and depth characteristics of the obstacles: Example 1: For situations where there are local hard obstacles such as old concrete blocks, boulders, or dense hard layers at the pile location, and the obstacles are located within the depth range affecting the pile foundation drilling, a pre-drilling method can be used. That is, before the formal construction of the pile foundation, an impact drill or core drill is used to pre-drill through the obstacles at the pile location to form a pilot hole, and then the drilling or pile driving operation is carried out according to the normal process, thereby avoiding excessive wear and tear on the drilling tools or interruption of pile driving due to local hard obstacles during the formal construction.

[0111] Example 2: For situations where there is an existing dense fill layer or shallow remnants of an old foundation at the pile location, and the resistance to driving the precast pile is significantly high, a pilot hole method can be used. That is, before driving the pile, a auger or long auger bit is used to pre-drill a pilot hole at the pile location. The diameter of the pilot hole should be 50mm to 100mm smaller than the pile diameter, and the depth of the pilot hole should be no less than 500mm below the bottom surface of the obstacle, so as to effectively reduce the penetration resistance in the initial stage of pile driving and ensure smooth pile driving.

[0112] Example 3: When the presence of obstacles makes the original pile type's drilling process completely unsuitable for penetration (such as the presence of a continuous large-volume old concrete slab at the pile location where static pressure precast piles were originally used), a partial pile type replacement method can be adopted. That is, the pile type at this pile location is changed from a precast pile to a bored cast-in-place pile or an impact bored cast-in-place pile. Taking advantage of the strong penetration capability of the bored pile drilling process for hard obstacles, the drilling and grouting construction can be completed at the original pile location. At the same time, the bearing capacity and deformation index of the pile foundation after the pile type replacement are confirmed to meet the requirements of the superstructure through structural verification.

[0113] Example 4: For situations where obstacles do not necessitate adjustments to the pile type, but the existing construction equipment's drilling or pile-driving capabilities are insufficient to overcome the obstacle's resistance, the construction equipment can be modified. For example, a rotary drilling rig can be replaced with an impact drilling rig, or a conventional hammer pile driver can be replaced with a hydraulic vibratory hammer to improve the construction equipment's ability to penetrate obstacles.

[0114] By adjusting the above-mentioned processes, the constraints of obstacles on the construction process can be effectively addressed while keeping the pile coordinates as unchanged as possible. This reduces the need for significant pile position adjustments or construction interruptions caused by obstacles, thereby improving overall construction efficiency and the rationality of pile position layout.

[0115] S550. For piles that require clearance before construction, underground obstacles must be removed before restoring the pile position for construction.

[0116] Specifically, in this embodiment, for pile locations that are classified and assessed as requiring obstacle removal before construction, if the size or strength of the obstacle exceeds the range that the process adjustment can handle, the corresponding underground obstacle must be removed before the pile foundation construction begins. Normal pile foundation construction can only resume at the original pile location after the obstacle removal is completed and accepted as meeting the requirements.

[0117] When developing a clearance plan, an appropriate clearance method should be selected based on the material, depth, and scale of the obstacle. For shallow old concrete foundations or pile caps (usually less than 3m), mechanical excavation combined with hydraulic breakers can be used for clearance. The clearance area should extend at least 500mm beyond the pile location section, and the clearance depth should extend at least 500mm below the bottom of the obstacle to ensure that the drilling tools do not encounter any remaining obstacle material during hole drilling. For deep old piles or deep old foundations, specialized techniques such as impact drilling for pre-hole breaking or pre-blasting can be used for clearance. After clearance, the clearance area should be backfilled and compacted. The backfill material and compaction degree should meet the bearing requirements of the pile foundation construction working surface. Then, pile foundation construction should be organized according to the original pile location coordinates and original pile type parameters.

[0118] S560. For piles requiring design verification, after design confirmation, adjustment construction shall be carried out to complete the avoidance treatment, and the corresponding pile type construction shall be organized.

[0119] Specifically, in this embodiment, for pile locations that are classified and assessed as requiring design review, since the avoidance treatment plan involves a large adjustment range of pile location, pile type change or pile cap size adjustment, etc., which have a substantial impact on the stress system of the superstructure, the conflict situation of the affected pile locations, the proposed adjustment plan and related calculation basis must be submitted to the original structural professional for review and confirmation. Only after the review and confirmation that the adjustment plan meets the safety and applicability requirements of the superstructure can the construction work of the corresponding pile type be carried out according to the confirmed adjustment plan.

[0120] When submitting the review application, the submitted materials should include at least the following: the original pile location coordinates and original pile type parameters of the affected pile location, the verification parameters of the corresponding underground obstacles (material, top surface elevation, bottom surface depth and plane boundary), the proposed adjusted pile location coordinates or pile type parameters, and the preliminary verification results of the stress state of the pile cap after adjustment.

[0121] After the structural engineers have reviewed and confirmed the feasibility of the adjustment plan, the confirmed adjustment content should be updated to the BIM basic model and construction pile layout drawing in a timely manner. The collision pile list should be revised simultaneously, and the construction work of the corresponding pile type should be organized accordingly to complete the avoidance of all collision piles.

[0122] In this embodiment, all affected pile positions in the collision pile position list are divided into five categories: piles that can be directly constructed, piles that can be finely adjusted, piles that require changes in construction process, piles that require clearing obstacles before construction, and piles that require design review. Differentiated treatment methods are adopted for each type of pile position, such as retaining the original pile position for direct construction, fine-tuning the planar pile position under constraints, treating the pile position through pre-drilling pilot holes or changing the pile type, clearing obstacles first and then resuming construction, and adjusting the construction after structural review and confirmation. This achieves a graded and precise response to the impact of underground obstacles of different degrees. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the pile foundation structure, the adverse effects of underground obstacles on the overall construction progress and the rationality of pile position layout are minimized. This provides a systematic and highly operable technical guarantee for the orderly advancement of pile foundation construction under complex urban underground space conditions.

[0123] In one embodiment, step S510 includes: S511. The allowable adjustment range of pile position shall be determined based on the relationship between the pile cap center, column position and the stress requirements of the pile group. S512. Select the direction that is far away from underground obstacles and does not intrude into the minimum spacing control range of adjacent piles as the adjustment direction; S513. Verify the positional relationship between the adjusted pile positions and the edge of the pile cap, adjacent piles, ground beams or column edges. S514. The adjusted pile positions are re-layed out on site. S515. After confirmation, construction shall be carried out according to the adjusted pile positions.

[0124] In this embodiment, the allowable adjustment range of the pile position is determined systematically based on the center of the pile cap, the relationship between the columns, and the stress requirements of the pile group. Then, the adjustment direction is scientifically selected based on the dual constraint principle of staying away from obstacles and not intruding into the minimum spacing control range of adjacent piles. After the adjustment plan is formed, its positional relationship with the pile cap edge, adjacent piles, ground beams, and column edges is fully reviewed. Construction can only be formally implemented after being re-layed out with precision instruments and independently reviewed and confirmed. This forms a complete operation process from constraint analysis, adjustment direction determination, plan review to on-site implementation, which effectively ensures that the pile position adjustment can effectively avoid underground obstacles while meeting the requirements of structural safety and construction feasibility. It avoids engineering risks such as abnormal pile cap stress or construction interference with adjacent pile positions caused by excessive arbitrariness in pile position adjustment.

[0125] In one embodiment, step S550 includes: S551. Determine the planar boundaries, burial depth, and surrounding protection area of ​​the underground obstacles that need to be cleared; S552. Remove the underground obstacles by cutting, crushing, segmented hoisting, or partial excavation. S553. Control the excavation and disturbance range during the obstacle removal process to avoid affecting the stability of adjacent pile locations and surrounding soil. S554. After the obstacle removal is completed, the cleared area shall be backfilled, compacted and leveled. S555. After restoring the pile location layout, carry out pile foundation construction.

[0126] In this embodiment, the planar boundaries, burial depth, and surrounding protection range of underground obstacles are systematically verified before the obstacle removal operation. Then, based on the material, scale, and surrounding environmental conditions of the obstacles, various obstacle removal methods such as cutting, crushing, block hoisting, or partial excavation are flexibly selected. During the obstacle removal process, measures such as excavation range control, disturbance range control, and pit wall stability control are used to effectively protect adjacent pile positions and surrounding soil. After the obstacle removal is completed, the cleared area is backfilled, compacted, and leveled in a standardized manner. Finally, after the pile positions are restored and confirmed, pile foundation construction is organized. This forms a complete processing procedure for piles that need to be constructed after obstacle removal, fundamentally solving the problem that pile foundations cannot be constructed normally when the volume or strength of underground obstacles exceeds the process adjustment capacity. While effectively removing the impact of obstacles, the adverse disturbance of the obstacle removal operation to the surrounding constructed pile positions and stratum stability is controlled to the greatest extent, ensuring the safety and quality reliability of the overall pile foundation construction.

[0127] In one embodiment, step S560 includes: S561. After the design is confirmed, the piles that need to be reviewed and adjusted are carried out. After the avoidance treatment is completed, the construction site is divided into several construction areas according to the complexity of underground obstacles, pile type and mechanical access conditions. S562. Prioritize the construction of pile positions in each construction area that have been confirmed to be unobstructed or whose obstruction has been addressed. S563. For areas with multiple pile types, the construction sequence shall be determined according to the principles of minimizing mutual disturbance and minimizing mechanical overlap. S564. Prioritize the construction of pile groups with higher obstacle risks to expose construction problems in advance; S565. The pile foundation construction shall be carried out in stages according to the division of construction areas.

[0128] In this embodiment, after all collision pile locations have been cleared, the construction site is systematically divided into construction zones based on the complexity of underground obstacles, pile types, and machinery access conditions. Within each construction zone, priority is given to the construction of pile locations without obstacles or those that have already been cleared. The construction sequence of multiple pile types is rationally arranged according to the principles of minimizing mutual disturbance and reducing machinery intersections. Pile groups with higher obstacle risks are prioritized for early construction to expose construction problems. Finally, all pile foundation construction operations are carried out in stages and in an orderly manner according to the construction zone as a unit. This forms a complete construction organization and implementation process from construction deployment planning to on-site dynamic management. It effectively solves the engineering practice problems of high difficulty in organizing the construction of multi-area and multi-pile type pile foundation projects under complex underground obstacle conditions, high risk of mutual interference, and delayed exposure of obstacle problems. Overall, this invention improves the organizational efficiency and quality control level of pile foundation construction under complex site conditions.

[0129] In one embodiment, step S563 includes: S51. Investigate the shallow obstacles and residual old foundations in the construction area of ​​the cast-in-place piles, and take local clearing or pre-drilling measures for the obstructed parts. S52. Investigate the distribution of shallow hard obstacles in the pile driving area and take measures such as pre-drilling, pilot drilling, or relocation for the affected pile locations. S53. Investigate the old pile caps, old pile heads, boulders or hard interlayers on the pile driving line in the pipe pile construction area, and take measures such as pre-drilling, relocation or pile type replacement for the affected pile locations. S54. Control the spacing of machinery, the protection range of existing piles, and the sequence of operations in the construction area of ​​adjacent pile types; S55. Record the impact of obstacles on different pile types during construction and adjust subsequent construction arrangements accordingly.

[0130] In this embodiment, specific obstacle verification was conducted for the construction areas of cast-in-place piles, planted piles, and pipe piles. Based on the sensitivity characteristics of each pile type to obstacles, differentiated treatment measures such as local obstacle removal, pre-drilling, pre-hole formation, pilot hole drilling, relocation, or pile type replacement were selected. At the same time, the mutual disturbance of adjacent pile type construction areas was finely controlled through mechanical spacing control, delineation of the protection range of completed piles, and overall coordination of work sequence. Based on the entire construction record, subsequent construction arrangements were dynamically adjusted, forming a systematic obstacle response and construction organization control system for construction sites with multiple pile types. This effectively solved engineering practice problems such as high risk of mutual disturbance, difficulty in predicting the impact of obstacles in advance, and difficulty in construction quality control during the construction of multi-pile foundations under complex underground obstacle conditions. It provides reliable technical support for the orderly progress of the entire construction process and the overall guarantee of pile foundation construction quality.

[0131] In one embodiment, step S600 includes: S610. Record instances of obstructed drilling, abnormal pile driving, pile deviation, sudden changes in hard layer, or exposure of obstacles during construction.

[0132] Specifically, during the entire pile foundation construction process, all kinds of abnormal situations that occur during the construction of each pile should be recorded in real time to ensure that the geological information revealed on site during construction can be completely preserved, providing accurate original data support for subsequent supplementary marking and impact verification.

[0133] Abnormal situations should be recorded on a per-pile basis and carried out by the dedicated construction recorder of the construction team. The record should cover the following five categories of situations: First, the situation of obstruction during hole formation. For obstruction phenomena encountered during the hole formation of cast-in-place piles, such as a significant decrease in drilling speed, drill string jumping, and a sudden increase in drill rod torque, the drilling depth at the time of obstruction, the change in drilling speed (expressed as the change in drilling time per meter) and the specific manifestations of abnormal drill string feedback should be recorded. The corresponding formation description (based on the drill cuttings sample) should be marked in the hole formation record table to facilitate subsequent analysis of the cause of obstruction.

[0134] Secondly, abnormal situations during pile driving. For abnormal phenomena encountered during the driving of precast piles, such as sudden changes in penetration resistance, pile rebound exceeding the normal range, sudden decrease in single hammer penetration, or sudden increase in static pressure pile driving gauge reading, the pile top penetration depth at the time of the abnormality, the corresponding gauge reading or hammer penetration value, and the depth range of the abnormality should be recorded, and it should be determined whether the abnormality is caused by encountering underground obstacles.

[0135] Third, pile position deviation. If pile position deviation exceeds the allowable range during construction, the direction of deviation, the amount of deviation, and the corresponding pile depth when the deviation is discovered should be recorded. The possible causes of the deviation should be analyzed (such as encountering a hard obstacle on the side causing lateral displacement of the pile end, etc.) to provide a reference for adjusting the construction parameters of subsequent pile positions in the same area.

[0136] Fourth, hard layer abrupt changes. For hard or soft layer abrupt changes that occur within the expected depth range and are inconsistent with the stratigraphic information in the exploration report or BIM basic model, the depth of the abrupt change, the estimated thickness of the hard layer (judged based on the depth of obstruction), and the corresponding stratigraphic description should be recorded. This information should be compared horizontally with the construction records of other constructed pile locations in the same area to preliminarily determine the planar distribution range of the hard layer abrupt changes.

[0137] Fifth, the status of obstacle exposure. For underground obstacles (including old concrete blocks, old pile remnants, boulders, wooden pile remnants, etc.) actually exposed during the drilling or pile driving process, the exposure depth, estimated size and material of the obstacle, treatment method and treatment results should be recorded in detail, and the approximate planar location of the obstacle should be marked on the construction plan.

[0138] Records of various abnormal situations should be compiled and organized after the completion of each day's construction work to form a summary table of abnormal situations for the day. The summary table should be reviewed and confirmed by the project's technical manager and then archived. It will also serve as a basis for supplementary marking and impact review.

[0139] S620. Add the location and extent of newly discovered underground obstacles to the construction plan and foundation model.

[0140] Specifically, after reviewing and confirming the summary table of abnormal situations for the day, the location and extent information of newly discovered underground obstacles during construction should be promptly added to the construction plan and BIM basic model to ensure that the construction plan and BIM basic model always reflect the latest distribution of underground obstacles, providing an accurate information basis for subsequent verification of the impact of adjacent pile positions and adjustment of construction sequence.

[0141] Regarding supplementary markings on the construction plan, the approximate plan location of newly discovered obstacles should be marked on the construction plan using special symbols (such as fill patterns or annotation symbols of specific colors) based on the planar coordinates and exposure depth information of the pile locations where obstacles are exposed. The type of obstacle, exposure depth, and exposure date should be noted next to the markings to form a dynamic distribution map of underground obstacles during the construction process.

[0142] Regarding the supplementary marking of the BIM basic model, based on the exposure depth, pile coordinates and estimated size of newly discovered obstacles, a new three-dimensional obstacle element should be created in the corresponding stratigraphic layer of the BIM basic model, and attribute information such as obstacle type, exposure pile number, exposure depth and treatment status should be assigned to it, so that the underground obstacle distribution information in the BIM basic model can be updated in real time.

[0143] It should be noted that the supplementary marking work should be completed within 24 hours of discovering the anomaly, so as to ensure that the impact verification of adjacent pile positions can be carried out in a timely manner before the construction plan of the affected pile positions is implemented, and to prevent new obstacles from arising due to the delay in information updates causing adjacent pile positions to be constructed directly according to the original plan without verification.

[0144] S630. Review the impact of the newly discovered underground obstacle on adjacent unconstructed pile sites.

[0145] Specifically, after completing the supplementary marking of newly discovered underground obstacles, an impact review should be immediately conducted on all unconstructed pile positions within a certain range around the newly discovered obstacle, based on the updated BIM basic model, to assess whether the newly discovered obstacle will adversely affect the normal construction of adjacent unconstructed pile positions, and the nature and extent of the impact.

[0146] The scope of the impact assessment should be determined according to the following principles: Using the supplementary marked plane position of the newly discovered obstacle as the center, and the estimated plane size of the obstacle plus twice the pile diameter as the initial assessment radius, conduct collision checks on all unconstructed pile positions within the assessment radius. The collision check method is the same as the initial collision analysis steps described above, that is, in the BIM foundation model, perform collision analysis between the three-dimensional solid of each unconstructed pile position and the three-dimensional volume element of the newly discovered obstacle to determine whether there is any overlap between the two in three-dimensional space.

[0147] For unconstructed pile locations where the review results indicate collisions or that the clearance does not meet the safety control distance requirements, they should be included in the list of affected pile locations and marked on the construction plan. Their original construction plans should be suspended until the treatment plan is completed and confirmed before construction can be arranged again.

[0148] For unconstructed pile locations where the verification results indicate no collision and the clearance meets the safety control distance requirements, it can be confirmed that they are not affected by newly discovered obstacles, and construction can continue as originally planned.

[0149] S640. For the affected subsequent pile locations, fine-tuning, obstacle removal, process modification, or design review should be carried out again.

[0150] Specifically, for subsequent pile locations confirmed by impact review to be affected by newly discovered underground obstacles, appropriate treatment measures should be selected and implemented for each affected pile location according to the degree of impact and the characteristics of the obstacle, following the same treatment logic as the aforementioned collision pile location classification and treatment steps, in order to eliminate the adverse effects of the newly discovered obstacles on the construction of subsequent pile locations.

[0151] The selection of treatment measures also follows the principle of starting with the simplest and prioritizing the treatment method that has the least impact on the construction schedule, and is specifically divided into four categories: Firstly, fine-tuning. For pile positions that are only slightly affected by newly discovered obstacles and whose interference can be avoided by making minor adjustments to the pile position plane coordinates, fine-tuning should be given priority. The adjusted pile position coordinates should meet the constraints of the pile cap boundary, the requirements for the spacing between adjacent piles, and the stress requirements of the pile group. After the adjustment plan is confirmed by the technical supervisor, it can be implemented for re-layout and construction.

[0152] Secondly, obstacle removal. For obstacles at the affected pile locations that are removable (such as old concrete blocks, old pile remnants, etc.) and whose removal will not have a significant adverse impact on the surrounding already constructed pile locations and the stability of the stratum, obstacle removal shall be carried out in accordance with the aforementioned obstacle removal procedure for piles that need to be removed before construction, and the pile location shall be restored after removal.

[0153] Third, process modification. For obstacles at the affected pile locations that can be overcome through process adjustments (such as using pre-drilled pilot holes to penetrate the old foundation, or using impact drills instead of rotary drills to penetrate rock layers), process modification should be adopted. Appropriate alternative processes should be selected based on the characteristics of the obstacles, and construction should be carried out after completing the corresponding construction preparations.

[0154] Fourth, review and processing. For pile locations that are more complex in nature and difficult to resolve effectively through minor adjustments, obstacle removal, or process changes, a structural review procedure is initiated. Structural engineers perform stress calculations and confirm the possible solutions (including significant adjustments to pile locations, changes in pile type, or the addition of pile locations). After confirmation, the adjusted construction is implemented.

[0155] S650. Based on the adjustment results, change the subsequent construction sequence and machinery operation arrangements.

[0156] Specifically, after confirming the treatment measures for the affected pile locations, the subsequent construction sequence and construction machinery operation arrangements in the construction area where the affected pile locations are located should be changed accordingly based on the treatment method and expected completion time of each affected pile location. This is to ensure that the overall construction progress plan is consistent with the latest pile location treatment status and to avoid construction machinery being idle or misoperated due to the failure to update the construction plan in a timely manner.

[0157] Regarding changes in the construction sequence, the affected pile locations should be temporarily removed from the current construction phase's work plan and adjusted to an appropriate construction phase after the corresponding treatment measures are completed and the construction conditions are confirmed. At the same time, other pile locations originally scheduled after the affected pile locations but not affected by the newly discovered obstacles should be included in the current construction plan in advance to fill the construction progress gap caused by the suspension of construction at the affected pile locations, and to minimize the adverse impact of dynamic adjustments on the overall construction progress.

[0158] Regarding changes in machinery operation arrangements, the current operating positions and routes of relevant construction machinery should be replanned based on the results of adjustments to the construction sequence. This ensures that each piece of machinery has sufficient workable pile positions for continuous operation within the current work plan, avoiding large-scale idle waiting situations caused by the suspension of construction at affected pile positions. Simultaneously, based on the estimated completion time for the treatment of affected pile positions, a return plan for the corresponding construction machinery should be arranged in advance to ensure that construction can be organized promptly after the affected pile positions are treated and construction conditions are confirmed, preventing secondary progress delays due to delayed machinery allocation.

[0159] In this embodiment, various anomalies such as obstructed drilling, abnormal pile driving, pile position deviation, sudden changes in hard layers, and obstacle exposure are recorded in real time throughout the entire pile foundation construction process. Newly discovered underground obstacle information is promptly added to the construction plan and BIM foundation model. Furthermore, the impact on adjacent unconstructed pile positions is re-verified, and corresponding remedial measures are confirmed. Based on this, the subsequent construction sequence and machinery operation arrangements are adjusted accordingly, thus constructing a closed-loop dynamic response system that runs through the entire pile foundation construction process. This system effectively solves the engineering problem of underground obstacles missed during the early exploration phase due to limited exploration accuracy being concentratedly exposed during the construction phase, leading to passive construction stagnation. By extending the acquisition and processing of obstacle information from static pre-construction investigation to dynamic and continuous control throughout the entire construction process, this invention possesses sufficient adaptability and proactive handling capabilities when facing complex and ever-changing underground obstacle conditions, fundamentally ensuring the continuous progress of pile foundation construction and overall quality control.

[0160] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the pre-set construction data, a BIM foundation model of the pile foundation of the proposed project is established; wherein, the pre-set construction data includes the pile foundation design data, original building foundation data, geological survey data, and underground structure data of the proposed project. Ground-penetrating radar was used to scan the target construction area corresponding to the proposed project in zones to obtain geological scanning results; wherein, the geological scanning results include the planar location, burial depth range and distribution characteristics of underground anomalies; The geological scanning results are labeled in the BIM basic model to obtain an underground obstacle distribution map. The positional relationship between the proposed piles and the underground obstacles is composited to obtain a composite result. Based on the composite results, the pile locations affected by the underground obstacles are identified, and a list of collision pile locations is obtained; wherein, the list of collision pile locations records the pile location coordinates and the affected area of ​​the pile locations affected by the underground obstacles; After avoiding the pile locations listed in the collision pile location list, the construction of the corresponding pile type is organized. During construction, the subsequent pile positions and construction sequence are adjusted based on the real-time geological data of the target construction area obtained on site, and the construction of the pile foundation is completed.

2. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of using ground-penetrating radar to perform zonal scanning of the target construction area corresponding to the proposed project and obtaining geological scanning results includes: Multiple spaced scanning areas are divided into the target construction area; wherein at least one of the scanning areas contains an abnormal area, which is at least one of the old building column grid area, old foundation concentrated area, basement boundary area or abnormal surface area. Scanning lines are laid out in at least two intersecting directions within each of the aforementioned scanning areas; For each of the scanning areas, the scanning operation is performed sequentially according to the scanning lines; The abnormal area was subjected to encrypted scanning to obtain ground-penetrating radar scan data; The areas suspected to be underground obstacles are identified based on the continuity, morphology, and depth changes of radar reflection anomalies recorded in the ground-penetrating radar scan data. Each suspected underground obstacle area was numbered and marked on-site, and geological scanning results were obtained.

3. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of annotating the geological scanning results onto the BIM basic model to obtain an underground obstacle distribution map, and then composites the positional relationships of the proposed piles among the underground obstacles to obtain a composite result, includes: Set the BIM base model and the target construction area to the same coordinate system; The geological scan results are entered into the BIM basic model; In the BIM basic model, the suspected distribution areas of old piles, old pile caps, strip foundations, block obstacles, or dense hard layers are marked respectively; Compare the planar overlap and proximity relationships between the proposed pile locations and the suspected distribution areas one by one; Output the pile number, pile type, obstacle type and obstacle burial depth information of the affected pile locations to obtain the underground obstacle distribution map, and combine the positional relationship between the proposed piles and the underground obstacles to obtain the composite result.

4. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The steps of outputting the pile number, pile type, obstacle type, and obstacle burial depth information of the affected pile locations to obtain an underground obstacle distribution map, and then combining the positional relationships of the proposed piles among the underground obstacles to obtain a composite result, include: Output the pile number, pile type, obstacle type and obstacle burial depth of the affected pile locations to obtain the underground obstacle distribution map; For proposed pile locations located within or adjacent to underground obstacle areas, test verification points shall be set up. Verification shall be carried out by at least one of the following methods: manual excavation, mechanical shallow excavation, probing, borehole drilling, or sampling. Determine whether underground obstacles exist at the verification point, and ascertain their material, top elevation, bottom depth, and planar boundaries; The distribution range of underground obstacles will be revised based on the verification results; The collision pile location list was re-determined based on the revised distribution range of underground obstacles, resulting in a composite result.

5. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The steps of avoiding the pile locations listed in the collision pile location list and organizing the construction of the corresponding pile type include: The collision pile locations are divided into piles that can be directly constructed, piles that can be finely adjusted, piles that require changes in construction process, piles that require clearing obstacles before construction, and piles that require design review. For piles that can be directly constructed, the original design pile positions will be retained for construction. For fine-tunable construction piles, the pile position is adjusted under the conditions of meeting the requirements of pile cap boundary, pile spacing and structural stress. For piles requiring changes in construction process, methods such as pre-drilling, pilot drilling, partial pile type replacement, or changing construction equipment should be adopted. For piles that require clearance before construction, underground obstacles must be removed before restoring the pile position for construction. For piles requiring design review, adjustments will be made after the design is confirmed, and the avoidance treatment will be completed. The construction of the corresponding pile type will also be organized.

6. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of classifying collision pile locations into piles that can be directly constructed, piles that can be finely adjusted for construction, piles that require changes in construction process, piles that require clearing obstacles before construction, and piles that require design review includes: The allowable adjustment range of pile positions is determined based on the relationship between the pile cap center, column positions, and the stress requirements of the pile group. Choose the direction that is far away from underground obstacles and does not intrude into the minimum spacing control range of adjacent piles as the adjustment direction; Verify the positional relationship between the adjusted pile positions and the edge of the pile cap, adjacent piles, ground beams, or column edges; The adjusted pile positions were re-layed out on site. After confirmation, construction was carried out according to the adjusted pile positions.

7. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for clearing underground obstacles before restoring the pile position for construction include: Determine the planar boundaries, burial depth, and surrounding protection area of ​​the underground obstacles that need to be cleared; The underground obstacles were removed by cutting, crushing, hoisting in sections, or partial excavation. During the obstacle removal process, control the excavation and disturbance areas to avoid affecting the stability of adjacent pile locations and surrounding soil. After the obstruction is cleared, the cleared area is backfilled, compacted, and leveled. After restoring the pile positions and setting out the layout, pile foundation construction will be carried out.

8. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for adjusting and constructing piles requiring design review after design confirmation, completing the avoidance treatment, and organizing the construction of the corresponding pile type include: After the design is confirmed, the piles that need to be reviewed and adjusted are carried out. After the avoidance treatment is completed, the construction site is divided into several construction areas according to the complexity of underground obstacles, pile type and mechanical access conditions. Prioritize construction of pile locations that have been confirmed to be unobstructed or whose obstructions have been addressed within each construction zone; For areas with multiple pile types, the construction sequence shall be determined according to the principles of minimizing mutual disturbance and minimizing mechanical overlap; Prioritize the construction of pile groups with higher obstacle risks to expose construction problems in advance; The pile foundation construction will be carried out in stages according to the division of construction areas.

9. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In the process of determining the construction sequence for multiple pile types within the same area, based on the principles of minimizing mutual disturbance and reducing mechanical overlap, the steps include: Investigate shallow obstacles and residual old foundations in the construction area of ​​the cast-in-place piles, and take local clearing or pre-drilling measures for the obstructed parts; The distribution of shallow hard obstacles in the pile planting area was identified, and pre-drilling, pilot-drilling, or relocation measures were taken for the affected pile locations. Investigate the old pile caps, old pile heads, boulders or hard interlayers along the pile driving line in the pipe pile construction area, and take measures such as pre-drilling, relocation or pile type replacement for the affected pile locations. Control the spacing of machinery, the protection range of existing piles, and the sequence of operations in adjacent pile construction areas; The impact of obstacles on different pile types was recorded during construction, and subsequent construction arrangements were adjusted accordingly.

10. The pile foundation construction method for avoiding underground obstacles as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the subsequent pile positions and construction sequence based on real-time geological data of the target construction area obtained on-site during construction, to complete the pile foundation construction, includes: Record instances of obstructed drilling, abnormal pile driving, pile deviation, sudden changes in hard layer, or exposure of obstacles during construction. The location and extent of newly discovered underground obstacles will be added to the construction plan and foundation model; Review the impact of the newly discovered underground obstacle on adjacent unconstructed pile sites; For the affected subsequent pile locations, fine-tuning, obstacle removal, process modification, or design review should be carried out again; The subsequent construction sequence and machinery operation arrangements will be changed based on the adjustment results.

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