Satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method and system based on digital twinning

Abstract

The application provides a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method and system based on digital twinning, relates to the technical field of aerospace, and comprises the following steps: acquiring digital twinning data; constructing a space digital twinning body according to the digital twinning data; receiving the interactive operation of a user based on the space digital twinning body; automatically generating an initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence according to a target area and task parameters corresponding to the interactive operation result; judging whether the target corresponding to the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence is a constellation or formation composed of multiple satellites; if so, disassembling the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence into sub-operation and maintenance instruction sequences of each single satellite, performing task allocation, and generating a target operation and maintenance instruction sequence; otherwise, taking the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence as the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence; distributing the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence to corresponding satellite measurement and control channels in parallel; analyzing the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence, and performing satellite operation and maintenance according to the analysis result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method and system based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the number of satellites launched by humans has increased exponentially, evolving from the early independent operation of single satellites to today's large-scale constellation collaborative operation model. Traditional satellite operation and maintenance methods rely on manually compiling command sheets. Operators need to manually calculate parameters such as satellite orbit, attitude, and ground station visibility using specialized tools, and then manually generate and upload command sequences. However, with the deployment of large-scale low-Earth orbit constellations, the number of satellites has increased from dozens to tens of thousands. The traditional manual operation and maintenance model can no longer meet the high-frequency, fast-paced mission requirements of large-scale constellations. The industry urgently needs a technological solution that can improve the efficiency and intelligence of satellite operation and maintenance.

[0003] Currently, there is a method for generating satellite operation and maintenance instructions. This method involves pre-storing satellite orbital parameters and payload configuration information through a ground control system. Operators manually input the target area coordinates and mission time window in a text-based command-line interface. The system automatically calculates relevant parameters and generates a control instruction sequence for a single satellite based on preset formulas and rules. After review by the operator, the instruction sequence is uploaded to the satellite for execution. This method reduces the workload of manual calculations to a certain extent and can complete the basic mission planning and instruction generation for a single satellite.

[0004] However, existing technologies only support the independent generation of commands for a single satellite. When coordinating a constellation or formation of multiple satellites to perform a mission, operators still need to manually break down the mission and create commands for each satellite separately. This makes it impossible to automatically break down and coordinate the distribution of multi-satellite missions, resulting in insufficient multi-satellite coordination capabilities. Furthermore, the use of a text-based command-line interface lacks intuitive spatial visualization, preventing operators from directly perceiving the real-time position and trajectory of satellites in space. This leads to significant challenges in mission planning, complex operations, and a high risk of errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins. This method addresses the limitations of existing technologies, which only support independent command generation for a single satellite. When coordinating multiple satellite constellations or formations to perform tasks collaboratively, operators still need to manually break down tasks and create commands for each satellite, failing to achieve automatic task breakdown and collaborative distribution across multiple satellites, resulting in insufficient multi-satellite collaboration capabilities. Furthermore, the use of a text-based command-line interface lacks intuitive spatial visualization, preventing operators from directly perceiving the real-time position and trajectory of satellites in space, leading to difficulties in task planning, complex operations, and a high risk of errors.

[0006] A first aspect of this invention proposes a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins, comprising: S1: Obtain digital twin data; S2: Construct a spatial digital twin based on digital twin data; S3: Based on a spatial digital twin, it receives user interaction operations; S4: Automatically generate an initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence based on the target area and task parameters corresponding to the interactive operation; S5: Determine whether the target corresponding to the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence is a constellation or formation of multiple satellites; if so, decompose the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence into sub-operation and maintenance instruction sequences for each individual satellite, allocate tasks, and generate the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence; otherwise, use the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence as the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence. S6: Distribute the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence in parallel to the corresponding satellite telemetry and control channels; S7: In the satellite telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) channel, analyze the target operation and maintenance command sequence, and perform satellite operation and maintenance based on the analysis results.

[0007] A second aspect of this invention proposes a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance system based on digital twins, comprising: a processor and a memory; The memory stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins as described in the first aspect.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, by constructing a space digital twin and receiving user interaction operations based on the twin, the operation can intuitively perceive the space status of the satellite and perform task planning directly on the twin, thus changing the drawbacks of the traditional command-line interface operation being complex and error-prone. At the same time, by determining whether the task target is multiple satellites, and automatically decomposing the initial command into sub-command sequences for each individual satellite when it is a multi-satellite target, the task is allocated and distributed in parallel, eliminating the need for manual decomposition and satellite-by-satellite compilation, which greatly improves the efficiency and reliability of multi-satellite collaborative operation and maintenance, and overcomes the difficulty of multi-satellite task orchestration in large-scale constellation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance system based on digital twin provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0014] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] This invention provides a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins, which may include the following steps: S1: Obtain digital twin data.

[0016] It should be noted that after S1, the process also includes data preprocessing, quality control, and spatiotemporal registration to construct a digital twin dataset with a unified spatiotemporal benchmark.

[0017] Specifically, digital twin data consists of multi-source heterogeneous digital twin data, including: Earth body data (topography, geological structure, underground space, ocean water, glaciers and snow cover, land cover and ecology), atmospheric data (tropospheric / stratospheric / mesosphere / thermosphere parameters and atmospheric composition and radiation energy), ionospheric data (electron density, total electron content TEC, ionospheric disturbance and drift), magnetosphere and space environment data (geomagnetic field, radiation belts, solar wind, cosmic rays, space debris and micrometeoroids), man-made facilities and activities data (transportation, energy, communication, construction, agricultural and industrial activities and nighttime lights), multi-source remote sensing observation data (optical and spectral, microwave and radar, laser altimetry, gravity and magnetism, radio and radio frequency), and spatiotemporal reference and metadata (coordinate frame, satellite orbit attitude, data quality identifiers).

[0018] S2: Construct a spatial digital twin based on digital twin data.

[0019] Among them, the Space Digital Twin refers to a high-precision virtual mapping model of the Earth and its surrounding space environment constructed in the ground system. It can present the satellite orbital position, attitude information, space situation and the distribution status of space targets in real time, providing a visualized digital carrier and interactive environment for satellite operation and maintenance.

[0020] Specifically, the space digital twin accesses the orbital elements, attitude parameters, payload status, and operating modes of each satellite in real time, and presents the satellite's real-time position and trajectory in a visual manner on the space digital twin.

[0021] Among them, orbital elements refer to six basic parameters that describe the motion of a satellite in its space orbit, including semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, right ascension of the ascending node, argument of perigee, and mean perigee. They are used to accurately calculate the satellite's spatial position at any given time.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, digital twin data is acquired by accessing satellite payloads, ground sensor networks, space environment monitoring networks, and public databases. After data cleaning, format conversion, coordinate system unification (normalization to the same geocentric coordinate frame and elevation datum), and time alignment, a spatial digital twin is constructed. A high-precision virtual mapping of the Earth and space environment is established in the ground system, and the satellite's orbital elements, attitude parameters, and trajectory are accessed and visualized in real time. This twin, as a visualized digital carrier, enables operators to intuitively perceive the satellite's spatial distribution and motion status. It allows direct observation of the satellite's position and ground conditions on the twin without relying on abstract data and complex calculations, significantly reducing the operational threshold and overcoming the drawbacks of traditional command-line interfaces that are complex to operate and difficult to perceive in space.

[0023] S3: Based on a spatial digital twin, it receives user interaction operations.

[0024] Specifically, operators use a mouse or touchscreen on the space digital twin interface to select the target observation area, set the mission time window, and specify the satellites or constellations participating in the mission. The system automatically calculates the corresponding nadir trajectory, ground station visibility window, and optimal imaging timing based on the geographic coordinates selected by the user.

[0025] The sub-satellite point refers to the point on the Earth's surface where the line connecting the satellite and the Earth's center intersects, i.e., the ground position directly below the satellite. It is an important reference point for describing the satellite's coverage area and selecting mission areas.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, by receiving user interaction operations based on a spatial digital twin, operators can intuitively select target areas, set time windows, and specify satellites participating in the mission using a mouse or touchscreen. The system automatically calculates the nadir trajectory, ground station visibility window, and optimal imaging timing. This interactive method hides complex orbit calculations and window analysis in the background, allowing operators to complete mission planning without requiring specialized knowledge of orbital mechanics. This significantly reduces the operational threshold and operation time, and changes the inefficient mode of manually calculating various parameters under the traditional command-line interface.

[0027] S4: Automatically generate an initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence based on the target area and task parameters corresponding to the interactive operation.

[0028] Specifically, the system automatically generates a complete sequence of commands, including orbital maneuvers, attitude adjustments, payload power-on / off, and data downlink, based on user input and satellite status parameters. Operators with intelligent mission planning privileges can choose to enable the intelligent mission planning mode, where an intelligent model trained on historical mission data automatically generates suggested command sheets based on mission requirements described in natural language. These suggested command sheets must be reviewed and confirmed by the operator before proceeding to the command upload process.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, a complete instruction sequence, including track maneuvering, attitude adjustment, payload on / off switching, and data downlink, is automatically generated based on the user's interactive operation results. For authorized operators, an intelligent task planning mode can also be enabled, where an intelligent model trained on historical data automatically generates instruction suggestions based on natural language descriptions, which are then manually reviewed and confirmed. This step transforms manual operation into automated instruction generation, combining an AI-assisted planning mechanism with manual verification. This improves instruction generation efficiency while ensuring operational safety, changing the inefficient and error-prone traditional method of manually compiling instructions line by line.

[0030] S5: Determine whether the target corresponding to the initial maintenance instruction sequence is a constellation or formation of multiple satellites. If so, break down the initial maintenance instruction sequence into sub-maintenance instruction sequences for each individual satellite, allocate tasks accordingly, and generate the target maintenance instruction sequence. Otherwise, use the initial maintenance instruction sequence as the target maintenance instruction sequence.

[0031] A command sequence is a set of satellite control commands organized in a specific time sequence and logical relationship to complete a specific satellite mission or operation. It typically includes orbital maneuvers, attitude adjustments, payload power-on / off, and data downlink.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, by determining whether the target corresponding to the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence is a constellation or formation composed of multiple satellites, if it is confirmed to be a multi-satellite target, the initial instruction is automatically broken down into sub-instruction sequences for each individual satellite and task allocation is performed; if it is a single-satellite target, it is directly used as the target instruction sequence. This mechanism realizes the automatic conversion from overall task to single-satellite instruction, eliminating the need for manual satellite-by-satellite compilation and coordination. It effectively solves the technical problems of difficult multi-satellite task orchestration and insufficient coordination capabilities in large-scale constellation scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of multi-satellite collaborative operation and maintenance.

[0033] S6: Distribute the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence in parallel to the corresponding satellite telemetry and control channels.

[0034] Among them, the satellite telemetry and control channel refers to the wireless communication link between the satellite and the ground station used for telemetry data downlink, tracking measurement and command uplink, and is the main channel for information interaction between the ground system and the satellite.

[0035] Specifically, when the target is a constellation or formation of multiple satellites, the system automatically breaks down the overall mission instructions into sub-instructions for each individual satellite, allocates tasks according to the orbital phase, payload capacity and mission priority of each satellite, generates an independent instruction sequence for each satellite and distributes it in parallel to the corresponding satellite telemetry and control channels.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the generated target operation and maintenance instruction sequence is distributed in parallel to the corresponding satellite telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) channels. When the target is a constellation or formation of multiple satellites, the system allocates tasks based on the orbital phase, payload capacity, and mission priority of each satellite, generating independent instruction sequences for each satellite and distributing them in parallel. This parallel distribution mechanism enables the simultaneous uploading of instructions from multiple satellites without the need for sequential transmission, significantly shortening the task issuance time for large-scale constellations. It solves the problem of low efficiency in multi-satellite instruction distribution under traditional methods, providing technical support for high-frequency, fast-paced operation and maintenance of giant constellations.

[0037] S7: In the satellite telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) channel, analyze the target operation and maintenance command sequence, and perform satellite operation and maintenance based on the analysis results.

[0038] It should be noted that in the standard division of labor in the satellite industry, Operations & Maintenance covers all daily management work during the satellite's on-orbit life, including: status monitoring and alarm handling, orbit maintenance and attitude control, data injection, command transmission, fault diagnosis and handling, and end-of-life management.

[0039] In one possible implementation, satellite operation and maintenance specifically includes: space situational awareness operation and maintenance, full life cycle management operation and maintenance, multi-type satellite data fusion operation and maintenance, on-board autonomous decision-making operation and maintenance, constellation configuration maintenance operation and maintenance, mission conflict resolution operation and maintenance, multi-ground station collaborative scheduling operation and maintenance, satellite-ground link assurance operation and maintenance, on-orbit fault diagnosis operation and maintenance, knowledge base management operation and maintenance, energy management operation and maintenance, and access control operation and maintenance.

[0040] Among them, on-orbit fault diagnosis refers to the technical process of using telemetry data transmitted from the satellite to analyze the working status of various subsystems of the satellite and identify abnormal patterns and potential root causes of failures through a diagnostic mechanism based on rule-based inference engines, machine learning models, or a combination of both.

[0041] In one possible implementation, space situational awareness operation and maintenance specifically includes: Real-time monitoring of the space environment surrounding the satellite.

[0042] Calculate the collision probability based on the space environment.

[0043] Based on the collision probability, it determines whether there is a potential collision threat. If so, a collision warning and avoidance maneuver strategy are generated, and after confirmation by the operator, the avoidance command is automatically sent to the satellite for execution.

[0044] Collision Avoidance Maneuver refers to the orbital control operation that applies thrust to change the satellite's orbit to eliminate the collision threat when the space situational awareness system detects that the risk of collision between the satellite and other space targets exceeds a safety threshold.

[0045] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the size of the safety threshold according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit it.

[0046] Specifically, the system monitors the space environment around the satellite in real time, including space debris and the orbital positions of other satellites, and assesses collision risk using a collision probability calculation model. When a potential collision threat is detected, a collision warning is automatically generated and an evasive maneuver strategy is recommended. After confirmation by the operator, the evasive command is automatically issued to the satellite for execution.

[0047] In one possible implementation, full lifecycle management and maintenance specifically includes: Monitor the fuel consumption status of each satellite, the degradation of solar panels, the operating temperature of each sub-device, and the health status of each sub-device.

[0048] Based on the monitoring results, a satellite lifetime prediction model was established.

[0049] The satellite lifetime prediction model is used to determine whether the satellite has reached its design life or has suffered a serious malfunction that prevents it from operating normally. If so, a deorbiting disposal plan is generated and sent to the operators. Otherwise, no deorbiting disposal plan is generated.

[0050] Determine if the suggested derailment handling plan corresponds to the preset derailment handling strategy template. If so, execute the derailment handling when the template trigger conditions are met. Otherwise, the suggested derailment handling plan must be executed after confirmation by an operator with the appropriate permissions.

[0051] Specifically, the system continuously monitors the fuel consumption status of each satellite, the degradation of solar panels, and the operating temperature and health status of each component, establishing a satellite lifespan prediction model. When a satellite reaches its design lifespan or experiences a serious malfunction and cannot function properly, the system automatically generates a deorbiting disposal plan and pushes it to the operators. The deorbiting disposal plan must be manually confirmed by operators with the appropriate permissions before execution. For pre-set and approved deorbiting disposal strategy templates, the system automatically executes them when the template trigger conditions are met. The deorbiting disposal command controls the satellite to perform a descent maneuver, ultimately crashing into a designated sea area for destruction, preventing it from becoming space debris.

[0052] It should be noted that all instructions involving significant changes to the satellite's status must be manually reviewed and confirmed before execution. Instructions that have not been confirmed can only enter the execution queue and must not be automatically sent to the satellite.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the operation and maintenance of multi-type satellite data fusion specifically includes: Through a unified data interface, data from different types of satellites and their corresponding payloads can be accessed.

[0054] Associate the payload data with the space digital twin.

[0055] Specifically, the system provides a standardized unified data interface that supports access to data generated by different types of satellites and their payloads, including but not limited to communication satellite data, remote sensing satellite data, navigation satellite data, data relay satellite data, and scientific experimental satellite data. Remote sensing satellite data includes, but is not limited to, optical remote sensing data and synthetic aperture radar data. The unified data interface adopts an extensible data format definition and protocol adaptation mechanism, enabling it to adapt to existing satellite data types and support the access of new satellite data types in the future.

[0056] Furthermore, data accessed through a unified data interface is associated with the spatial digital twin, enabling visualized overlay display, regional and time-based retrieval, export, and online analysis applications on the spatial digital twin. New data types can be accessed simply by configuring extended interfaces, without requiring modifications to the core system architecture.

[0057] In one possible implementation, on-board autonomous decision-making and operation and maintenance specifically includes: The onboard autonomous decision-making unit parses the contents of the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence and executes the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence according to preset logic.

[0058] The satellite's actual operational status is collected in real time through on-board information acquisition nodes.

[0059] The actual execution status is compared with the expected status to obtain the comparison results.

[0060] Based on the comparison results, determine whether an abnormal event has been detected. If so, initiate the onboard autonomous decision-making process. Otherwise, continue executing the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence.

[0061] Specifically, after receiving the command sequence from the ground, the satellite's onboard autonomous decision-making unit parses the command content and executes it autonomously according to predetermined logic. During execution, the onboard edge computing nodes compare the actual execution status with the expected status in real time. When abnormal events such as attitude deviation, power anomalies, or communication interruptions are detected, the onboard autonomous decision-making process is initiated. Based on the preset fault handling strategy, the satellite either performs autonomous recovery or sends an anomaly alarm to the ground requesting manual intervention, thus achieving closed-loop operation and maintenance of satellite-ground collaboration.

[0062] In one possible implementation, constellation configuration maintenance specifically includes: The orbital and attitude data of the satellites flying in formation are acquired through the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) link.

[0063] The Telemetry Tracking and Command Link (TT&C Link) refers to the wireless communication link between the satellite and the ground station used for telemetry data downlink, tracking measurement, and command uplink. It is the main channel for information exchange between the ground system and the satellite.

[0064] Based on orbital and attitude data, the relative positions of the satellites in each formation are calculated.

[0065] The relative positional relationship is compared with the preset configuration parameters, and the relative positional deviation is calculated.

[0066] When the relative position deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, a configuration-maintaining maneuver command is generated and distributed to the corresponding formation-flying satellites for execution.

[0067] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the size of the deviation threshold according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit it.

[0068] When the mission requirements of the formation-flying satellites change and the formation configuration needs to be adjusted, the target orbital parameters are calculated and a phase adjustment command sequence is generated to adjust the formation configuration.

[0069] Specifically, for satellites flying in formation, the system acquires the orbit and attitude data of each satellite through the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) link, calculates the relative positional relationships between the satellites, and compares them with preset configuration parameters. When the relative position deviation exceeds the allowable threshold, the system automatically generates configuration-maintaining maneuver commands and distributes them to the corresponding satellites for execution. When mission requirements change and the formation configuration needs to be adjusted, the system calculates new target orbital parameters and generates a phase adjustment command sequence to control the formation to complete configuration reconfiguration.

[0070] Furthermore, the system maintains a global task scheduling table, performs time window occupancy analysis on all submitted task requests, and detects time conflicts and resource contention between tasks. When a conflict is detected, dynamic arbitration is performed based on the task's priority level, timeliness requirements, and resource demands. Time offsets or resource reallocations are applied to low-priority tasks to ensure the timely execution of high-priority urgent tasks. At the same time, visualized decision support for conflict resolution is provided to operators.

[0071] Furthermore, the system maintains information on the geographical location, equipment status, and available time windows of all available ground tracking and control stations. Based on the orbital forecasts and tracking and control requirements of each satellite, a heuristic optimization algorithm is used to uniformly allocate ground station resources and generate tracking and control plans between each satellite and ground station. When a ground station becomes unavailable due to weather or equipment failure, an automatic inter-station handover process is triggered, reallocating the affected tracking and control tasks to other available ground stations to ensure the continuity of the tracking and control link.

[0072] Furthermore, the system performs a satellite-to-ground link budget analysis based on satellite orbit predictions and ground station location parameters to evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio and transmission rate of the communication link. It supports dynamic adaptation to multiple communication protocols, automatically selecting the optimal modulation and coding scheme and transmission rate based on channel conditions. Uploaded commands and downloaded telemetry and service data are encrypted and their integrity verified during transmission to prevent interception or tampering, ensuring the reliability and security of satellite-to-ground communication.

[0073] In one possible implementation, on-orbit fault diagnosis and maintenance specifically includes: Receive and analyze telemetry data transmitted from satellites.

[0074] By using rule-based reasoning engines or machine learning models, abnormal patterns and potential faults in telemetry data are identified, and the identification results are obtained.

[0075] When a fault is detected in the identification results, a fault diagnosis report is generated, pushed to the operator, and fault handling suggestions are provided.

[0076] In one possible implementation, on-orbit fault diagnosis and maintenance also includes: Calculate the difference data segments between the new version of the onboard software and the current version of the onboard software, and generate a differential update package; During satellite idle periods, the differential update package is uploaded to the satellite, and version verification and integrity verification are performed before online upgrade is executed.

[0077] Furthermore, satellite fault plans, operating instructions, ground test records, and subsystem status data are entered into the system in a structured manner and associated indexes are established. Knowledge items are categorized and managed according to satellite model, subsystem type, and security classification. When satellite fault symptoms are detected, relevant fault plans and historical handling cases are automatically retrieved and recommended. Differentiated access control and storage encryption are implemented for data with different security classifications. A subsystem refers to a functional unit within the satellite that performs a specific function, including but not limited to the attitude control subsystem, energy subsystem, communication subsystem, thermal control subsystem, and payload subsystem. These subsystems work collaboratively to ensure the normal operation of the satellite.

[0078] Furthermore, the energy status of satellites lacking autonomous energy management capabilities or with weak management capabilities is monitored in real time, and an energy consumption prediction model is established based on historical energy consumption data and orbital illumination conditions. When an energy supply-demand imbalance is predicted, payload switching timing optimization suggestions and energy-saving strategies are automatically generated. After the energy management strategy is confirmed by the operators, specific payload control commands are generated and sent to the satellite for execution.

[0079] Furthermore, differentiated role permissions are assigned to different operators, including data viewing, instruction generation, instruction review, and system configuration permissions. Before operators perform critical operations, their permissions are verified to ensure they meet the operational requirements. Operations involving significant changes to satellite status require secondary manual confirmation from personnel with higher permissions. All operational actions are recorded and generated into an audit log, supporting post-event traceability and security auditing.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, the target operation and maintenance command sequence is parsed in the satellite telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) channel, and diverse satellite operation and maintenance operations are executed based on the parsing results. These operations include twelve categories of operations and maintenance, such as space situational awareness, full lifecycle management, multi-type data fusion, on-board autonomous decision-making, constellation configuration maintenance, mission conflict resolution, multi-ground station collaborative scheduling, satellite-ground link assurance, on-orbit fault diagnosis, knowledge base management, energy management, and hierarchical access control. Through a closed-loop mechanism of satellite-ground collaboration, the satellite can autonomously parse and execute corresponding operation and maintenance operations after receiving commands, realizing a complete link from ground command generation to on-board autonomous execution, without the need for manual intervention item by item, significantly improving the automation level and response speed of satellite operation and maintenance.

[0081] It should be noted that by constructing a space digital twin and receiving user interactions based on this twin, the system enables users to intuitively perceive the satellite's space status and directly plan tasks on the twin, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional command-line interfaces that are complex and prone to errors. Furthermore, by determining whether the mission target involves multiple satellites, and if so, automatically breaking down the initial instructions into sub-instruction sequences for each satellite and allocating and distributing tasks in parallel, the system eliminates the need for manual breakdown and satellite-by-satellite command planning. This significantly improves the efficiency and reliability of multi-satellite collaborative operation and maintenance, overcoming the difficulties in orchestrating multi-satellite tasks in large-scale constellation scenarios.

[0082] Reference manual attached Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic representation of a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance system based on digital twins, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] This invention provides a satellite intelligent operation and maintenance system 20 based on digital twins, including a processor 201 and a memory 202.

[0084] The memory 202 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 201. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor 201, they implement the steps of the above-described satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not elaborate further.

[0085] It should be understood that the processor 201 in this embodiment of the invention may be a central processing unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0086] It should also be understood that the memory 202 in the embodiments of the present invention can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM).

[0087] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of the present invention is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. A computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives.

[0088] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0092] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0093] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0094] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0095] This invention provides a readable storage medium that stores a program or instructions on the medium. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the above-described satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, this invention will not elaborate further.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins, characterized in that, include: S1: Obtain digital twin data; S2: Construct a spatial digital twin based on the digital twin data; S3: Based on the spatial digital twin, receive user interaction operations; S4: Automatically generate an initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence based on the target area and task parameters corresponding to the interactive operation; S5: Determine whether the target corresponding to the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence is a constellation or formation composed of multiple satellites; if so, decompose the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence into sub-operation and maintenance instruction sequences for each individual satellite, and perform task allocation to generate the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence; otherwise, use the initial operation and maintenance instruction sequence as the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence. S6: Distribute the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence in parallel to the corresponding satellite telemetry and control channels; S7: In the satellite telemetry and control channel, parse the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence, and perform satellite operation and maintenance based on the parsing results.

2. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twin as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite operation and maintenance specifically includes: space situational awareness operation and maintenance, full life cycle management operation and maintenance, multi-type satellite data fusion operation and maintenance, on-board autonomous decision-making operation and maintenance, constellation configuration maintenance operation and maintenance, mission conflict resolution operation and maintenance, multi-ground station collaborative scheduling operation and maintenance, satellite-ground link assurance operation and maintenance, on-orbit fault diagnosis operation and maintenance, knowledge base management operation and maintenance, energy management operation and maintenance, and hierarchical access control operation and maintenance.

3. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aforementioned spatial situational awareness operation and maintenance specifically includes: Real-time monitoring of the space environment surrounding the satellite; Calculate the collision probability based on the described spatial environment; Based on the collision probability, it is determined whether there is a potential collision threat; if so, a collision warning and avoidance maneuver strategy are generated, and after confirmation by the operator, the avoidance command is automatically sent to the satellite for execution.

4. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins according to claim 2, characterized in that, The full lifecycle management and maintenance specifically includes: Monitor the fuel consumption status of each satellite, the degradation of solar panels, the operating temperature of each sub-device, and the health status of each sub-device; Based on the monitoring results, a satellite lifetime prediction model was established; The satellite lifespan prediction model is used to determine whether the satellite has reached its design lifespan or has suffered a serious malfunction that prevents it from functioning properly. If so, a deorbiting disposal plan is generated and sent to the operator. Otherwise, no deorbiting disposal plan is generated. Determine whether the proposed derailment handling scheme corresponds to a preset derailment handling strategy template; if so, execute the derailment handling when the template triggering conditions are met; otherwise, the proposed derailment handling scheme must be executed after confirmation by an operator with the appropriate permissions.

5. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operation and maintenance of multi-type satellite data fusion specifically includes: Through a unified data interface, data from different types of satellites and their corresponding payloads can be accessed; The payload data is associated with the spatial digital twin.

6. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The on-board autonomous decision-making and operation and maintenance specifically includes: The onboard autonomous decision-making unit parses the contents of the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence and executes the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence according to preset logic. The actual execution status of the satellite is collected in real time through on-board information acquisition nodes; The actual execution state is compared with the expected state to obtain the comparison result; Based on the comparison results, determine whether an abnormal event has been detected; if so, initiate the onboard autonomous decision-making process; otherwise, continue executing the target operation and maintenance instruction sequence.

7. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maintenance and upkeep of the constellation configuration specifically includes: The orbital and attitude data of the formation-flying satellites are acquired through the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) link. Based on the orbital data and the attitude data, the relative positional relationships of each of the formation-flying satellites are calculated; The relative positional relationship is compared with the preset configuration parameters to calculate the relative positional deviation; When the relative position deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, a configuration-maintaining maneuver command is generated and distributed to the corresponding formation-flying satellites for execution; When the mission requirements of the formation-flying satellites change and the formation configuration needs to be adjusted, the target orbital parameters are calculated and a phase adjustment command sequence is generated to adjust the formation configuration.

8. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The on-orbit fault diagnosis and maintenance specifically includes: Receive and analyze the telemetry data transmitted from the satellite; The telemetry data is analyzed using a rule-based reasoning engine or machine learning model to identify abnormal patterns and potential faults, and the identification results are obtained. When a fault is detected in the identification results, a fault diagnosis report is generated, pushed to the operator, and fault handling suggestions are provided.

9. The satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twin according to claim 8, characterized in that, The on-orbit fault diagnosis and maintenance also includes: Calculate the difference data segments between the new version of the onboard software and the current version of the onboard software, and generate a differential update package; During satellite idle periods, the differential update package is uploaded to the satellite, and version verification and integrity verification are performed before online upgrade is executed.

10. A satellite intelligent operation and maintenance system based on digital twins, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; The memory stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the satellite intelligent operation and maintenance method based on digital twins as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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