A power integrity full-flow automated simulation method and related device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic design automation, and particularly relates to a power integrity full-process automatic simulation method and related equipment. The method acquires simulation configuration information containing power type, ideal voltage and maximum load current, matches voltage fluctuation distribution rules to determine AC / DC margin proportion; extracts a circuit board design file to perform DC voltage drop simulation, and combines the DC margin proportion to evaluate DC bias compliance; performs AC impedance simulation to acquire a frequency domain impedance curve, and inversely calculates an AC fluctuation value under the worst working condition according to the AC margin proportion and the maximum load current; performs physical quantity superposition calculation on the DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value to generate a limit voltage fluctuation range, compares the limit voltage fluctuation range with a preset threshold value, and outputs a comprehensive safety classification judgment result. The application realizes physical level coupling analysis of AC / DC boundaries, and significantly improves the accuracy and verification efficiency of power network risk assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic design automation technology, specifically relating to a power integrity full-process automated simulation method and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the intelligent development of avionics systems, online upgrade technology for airborne embedded devices faces severe challenges. Traditional upgrade solutions mostly adopt a whole-image transmission and verification mechanism. This mechanism suffers from high risks such as low transmission efficiency and network interruption in wireless communication environments with large upgrade package sizes, limited bandwidth, and high latency. At the same time, the airborne field has stringent requirements for real-time performance and security. Existing one-time full verification methods consume a lot of computing resources, which may affect the progress of critical tasks and cannot effectively deal with attacks by malicious intermediate nodes that tamper with part of the image data.

[0003] Current online upgrade technologies in the airborne field suffer from three major pain points: First, the full image hash verification process leads to excessively long upgrade rollback times, failing to meet the fault recovery time window requirements of avionics systems; second, the lack of fine-grained security controls means that attackers' tampering with a single data layer can force the entire upgrade process to fail; and third, while existing differential upgrade schemes reduce bandwidth consumption, they lack a layered trust chain, making it impossible to verify the reliability of the differential packet source. Furthermore, limited space in aviation embedded storage makes it difficult to fully cache multi-layered historical image versions, necessitating the design of a lightweight, layered metadata management strategy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fully automated simulation method and related equipment for power integrity, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and solves the technical problems of fragmented AC / DC simulation and easy omission of coupling failure in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fully automated simulation method for power integrity throughout the entire process, comprising: Obtain the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board, which includes the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value; Based on the power type and the preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule, determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board. Extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio; Based on the design file, perform AC impedance simulation to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within the preset cutoff frequency range; Based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, the frequency domain impedance curve is back-calculated to extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. The DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value are superimposed to calculate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port. The limit voltage fluctuation range is then compared with a preset fluctuation threshold to output a comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, before performing the DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, the following is also included: Parse the design file and extract the models of passive components; The passive device model is compared with a pre-built passive device library to match the corresponding device simulation model; the passive device library stores the package type and model parameters corresponding to each device model; The matched device simulation model is assigned to the corresponding device in the simulation project through the programmable interface, and the voltage source port and the load port are established based on the simulation configuration information.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of determining the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board according to the preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule matched with the power supply type includes: Determine whether the power supply type is a preset template type or a custom type; When the power supply type is a preset template type, the parameters built into the template are read as the DC margin ratio, the AC margin ratio, and the design margin ratio. When the power supply type is a custom type, the configuration parameters input from the outside are received and parsed into the DC margin ratio, the AC margin ratio, and the design margin ratio, respectively.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the evaluation of whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio includes: Multiply the ideal voltage value by the DC margin percentage to obtain the maximum allowable DC voltage drop reference value; Compare the DC voltage drop value with the maximum DC voltage drop reference value; If the DC voltage drop value is greater than the maximum DC voltage drop reference value, the DC bias is determined to be non-compliant; if the DC voltage drop value is not greater than the maximum DC voltage drop reference value, it is determined to be compliant.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of back-calculating the frequency domain impedance curve based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value includes: The AC margin ratio is used as the AC ripple coefficient, and the frequency domain target impedance is calculated by combining the ideal voltage value and the maximum load current value. The frequency domain impedance curve is compared with the frequency domain target impedance, and the maximum impedance value of the frequency domain impedance curve within the preset cutoff frequency range is extracted. The AC fluctuation value under the worst operating condition is calculated by multiplying the maximum impedance value by the maximum load current value.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of generating the limiting voltage fluctuation range of the load port, comparing the limiting voltage fluctuation range with a preset fluctuation threshold, and outputting a comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board includes: The ideal voltage value minus the DC voltage drop value is used as the center reference voltage. The AC fluctuation value is positively or negatively superimposed on the center reference voltage to define the limit voltage fluctuation range. Calculate the global voltage fluctuation range of the target circuit board; The global voltage fluctuation range is multiplied by a first proportional parameter and a second proportional parameter to obtain a safety threshold and a risk threshold, wherein the second proportional parameter is greater than the first proportional parameter. The safe range is calculated by adding or subtracting the ideal voltage value and the safety threshold, and the risk range is calculated by adding or subtracting the ideal voltage value and the risk threshold. The extreme voltage fluctuation range is compared with the safe range and the risk range respectively. If the extreme voltage fluctuation range falls within the safe range, the result is considered safe; if it exceeds the safe range but falls within the risk range, the result is considered a warning; if it exceeds the risk range, the result is considered dangerous.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, after outputting the comprehensive security classification judgment result for the target circuit board, the method further includes: Monitor whether the iterative design file for the target circuit board has been received; When the iterative design file is received, the simulation configuration information and the voltage fluctuation allocation rules are automatically inherited; Using the iterative design file, the steps of repeatedly triggering the DC voltage drop simulation to outputting the comprehensive safety classification judgment result are repeated to generate a new version of the judgment result corresponding to the iterative design file; Compare the current version's comprehensive security classification results with the new version's results, and generate and output a version difference assessment report.

[0012] Secondly, this invention provides a fully automated power integrity simulation system, comprising: The configuration acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board, which includes the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value. The rule matching module is used to match a preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule according to the power type to determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board. The DC simulation evaluation module is used to extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio. An AC simulation module is used to perform AC impedance simulation based on the design file to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within a preset cutoff frequency range. The fluctuation extraction module is used to back-calculate the frequency domain impedance curve based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, and extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to perform physical quantity superposition calculation on the DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value to generate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port, and compare the limit voltage fluctuation range with the preset fluctuation threshold to output the comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a processor and a computer-readable storage medium; A processor, adapted to execute computer programs; A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the power integrity full-process automated simulation method as described above.

[0014] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and executed as described above for the fully automated simulation method for power integrity.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a fully automated simulation method for power integrity, which establishes targeted engineering verification boundaries from the source by acquiring simulation configuration information including power type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value; it determines the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio based on the power type and a preset voltage fluctuation allocation rule, and implements dynamic margin control based on device characteristics, overcoming the verification distortion caused by fixed tolerance standards in the prior art; it extracts design files to perform DC voltage drop simulation and evaluates bias compliance in combination with DC margin ratio, constructing the first compliance verification barrier in the static dimension; based on design... The file executes AC impedance simulation to obtain frequency domain impedance curves, and uses the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value to back-calculate and extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. In essence, it accurately quantifies the frequency domain impedance characteristics into the time domain ripple limit, capturing the implicit voltage drop caused by dynamic load. Finally, it calculates the limit voltage fluctuation range by superimposing the DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value, and compares it with the preset fluctuation threshold to output the comprehensive safety classification judgment result. This invention opens up the data link from configuration analysis and margin allocation to AC-DC coupling superposition, and together realizes the accurate quantification and classification of the comprehensive risk of the power network under the most severe operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the automated simulation method in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the automated simulation system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the computing device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives and technical solutions of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a fully automated power integrity simulation method applicable to target circuit boards with power networks, reference networks, and one or more load ports. The method involves establishing a component library, reading simulation configuration information, matching voltage fluctuation distribution rules, automatically setting component simulation models, automatically creating simulation ports, performing DC voltage drop simulation and AC impedance simulation, and performing superimposed analysis of DC voltage drop and AC fluctuations to output a comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

[0021] The simulation in this embodiment can be performed using commercial electromagnetic simulation software or power integrity simulation software with a programmable interface. The simulation software can read the target circuit board's design files according to interface instructions, create a simulation project, set passive component models, voltage source ports, and current source ports, and perform DC voltage drop simulation and power distribution network impedance simulation. Specific methods are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following is a detailed implementation method.

[0022] S1. Obtain the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board.

[0023] In this embodiment, the target circuit board is a printed circuit board (PCB) to be subjected to power integrity analysis. The target PCB includes power layers, reference layers, signal layers, vias, pads, packages, passive components, load components, and power connection structures. The design files for the target PCB can be PCB layout files, schematic files, netlist files, layer stack-up files, or other engineering files that describe the power network connections of the target PCB.

[0024] Simulation configuration information is used to determine the input conditions and evaluation benchmarks for the simulation project. This information includes the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value. It may also include the power supply network name, reference network name, voltage source tag number, voltage source port value, load tag number, and the maximum current value corresponding to the load port.

[0025] The power network name identifies the power networks on the target circuit board that participate in power integrity analysis. The reference network name identifies the reference potentials for voltage source ports and load ports. The voltage source tag number identifies the power supply excitation location, and the voltage source port value identifies the power supply input voltage in the simulation. The load tag number identifies the location of the load device or load port, and the maximum load current value describes the current requirement of the load port under extreme operating conditions.

[0026] The ideal voltage value represents the nominal voltage that the power network of the target circuit board should supply to the load port under ideal conditions. The ideal voltage value can be obtained from external input and is automatically matched based on the power domain pin numbers and corresponding voltage values ​​recorded in the active component library.

[0027] The maximum load current value represents the load current of the target circuit board under preset operating conditions or maximum heat load conditions. This value is used for setting the load conditions in DC voltage drop simulation, as well as for subsequent frequency domain target impedance calculation and AC fluctuation value calculation.

[0028] In one implementation, simulation configuration information is input via a user interface. Furthermore, simulation configuration information can be imported from a spreadsheet file to reduce repetitive input and minimize input errors when engineers configure different simulation projects.

[0029] In one implementation, a component library is constructed, comprising an active component library and a passive component library. The active component library includes component model, power domain pin number, ideal voltage value, and voltage fluctuation range (expressed as a percentage, such as ±5%). The passive component library includes component model, package type, ideal value, S-parameter model, and lumped parameter model. The S-parameter model is used by default; if the S-parameter model for a component is missing, the lumped parameter model is used without manual intervention.

[0030] S2. Based on the power supply type, match the preset voltage fluctuation distribution rules to determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board.

[0031] Voltage fluctuation allocation rules are used to distribute the total allowable voltage fluctuation space of the power network to DC voltage drop, AC ripple, and design margin. The DC margin ratio is used to determine the proportion of DC voltage drop that the load port can withstand, the AC margin ratio is used to determine the proportion of AC ripple that the load port can withstand, and the design margin ratio is used to cover factors such as simulation model errors, manufacturing process fluctuations, and unmodeled coupling crosstalk.

[0032] In one implementation, it is first determined whether the power type is a preset template type or a custom type.

[0033] When the power supply type is a preset template type, the corresponding DC margin ratio, AC margin ratio, and design margin ratio are read from the pre-established template. The preset template types can include low-voltage high-current templates, high-voltage low-current templates, and general hybrid templates.

[0034] When the power supply type is a low-voltage, high-current template, the DC margin ratio can be set to 50%, the AC margin ratio can be set to 30%, and the design margin ratio can be set to 20%.

[0035] When the power supply type is a high-voltage, low-current template, the DC margin ratio can be set to 30%, the AC margin ratio can be set to 50%, and the design margin ratio can be set to 20%.

[0036] When the power supply type is a general hybrid template, the DC margin ratio can be set to 40%, the AC margin ratio can be set to 40%, and the design margin ratio can be set to 20%.

[0037] The above allocation ratios can be set based on engineering experience. In low-voltage, high-current scenarios, the load current is large, and the voltage drop across the conductive path typically accounts for a significant proportion of voltage loss; therefore, the DC margin ratio can be increased. In high-voltage, low-current scenarios, the DC voltage drop is relatively small, but the effects of power supply noise and switching disturbances may be more pronounced; therefore, the AC margin ratio can be increased. A general hybrid template is used to adapt to power supply scenarios that cannot be clearly categorized into the first two types.

[0038] When the power supply type is custom, the system receives configuration parameters from external input and parses them into DC margin percentage, AC margin percentage, and design margin percentage. The system can perform range checks on these three percentages to ensure that the sum of the three percentages meets preset constraints. The design margin percentage can be adjusted according to the target circuit board's manufacturing process, simulation accuracy, operating environment, and reliability level.

[0039] S3. Extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio.

[0040] The design files for the target circuit board include power nets, reference nets, component locations, pad information, via information, copper foil areas, layer stack-up, conductive paths, and component connections. When extracting the design files, the net names, component reference numbers, component models, package types, pad coordinates, and net connections can be read using the design file parsing module.

[0041] In one implementation, a component library is constructed before performing DC voltage drop simulation. The component library includes an active component library and a passive component library. The active component library stores the power domain pin numbers, ideal voltage values, and voltage fluctuation ranges for each active component model. The passive component library stores the package types, ideal values, and device simulation models for each passive component model. The device simulation models may include scattering parameter models and lumped parameter models.

[0042] After parsing the design documents, the component models of resistors, capacitors, inductors, ferrite beads, and other passive components are extracted, and the results are compared with a passive component library. If a scattering parameter model for the corresponding model exists in the library, that model is used first. If a scattering parameter model is missing for the corresponding model, the lumped parameter model is used. This method allows for the assignment of passive component models without requiring manual specification of each model individually.

[0043] Furthermore, the matched device simulation model can be assigned to the corresponding passive device in the simulation project through the programmable interface of commercial simulation software. The programmable interface may include a script interface, application programming interface, batch processing interface, or software development kit interface.

[0044] After setting up the passive device model, establish the voltage source port and load port according to the simulation configuration information. The voltage source port is used to apply ideal voltage excitation to the power network, and the load port is used to simulate the maximum operating current of the load device. The reference network name is used to determine the reference potential of the voltage source port and the load port.

[0045] DC voltage drop simulation is used to calculate the current distribution, conduction path voltage drop, and voltage values ​​at each load port in a power network. During the simulation, a DC resistance network can be established based on parameters such as the copper foil thickness, conductive areas, via structure, material resistivity, device pads, and load current of the target circuit board.

[0046] The DC voltage drop is represented as the difference between the ideal voltage at the load port and the actual voltage at the load port obtained from the simulation. For a load port, the DC voltage drop can be calculated according to the following relationship: the DC voltage drop equals the ideal voltage value minus the DC operating voltage value of the load port.

[0047] The maximum allowable DC voltage drop reference value is determined by the ideal voltage value and the DC margin ratio: the maximum allowable DC voltage drop reference value is equal to the ideal voltage value multiplied by the DC margin ratio.

[0048] DC voltage drop value V DC_Drop Compare with the maximum allowable DC voltage drop reference value VDC_Limit. When V DC_Drop Greater than V limit When V is in a non-compliant state, the DC bias is deemed non-compliant. DC_Drop Not greater than V limit At that time, the DC bias is deemed compliant.

[0049] In one implementation, the DC voltage drop simulation output includes the DC voltage drop value of each load port, the DC operating voltage value of the load port, the current density distribution, and the DC compliance judgment result.

[0050] S4. Perform AC impedance simulation based on the design file to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within the preset cutoff frequency range.

[0051] AC impedance simulation is used to analyze the response characteristics of power distribution networks to AC disturbances at different frequencies. AC impedance simulation can be performed using the power distribution network impedance simulation method, applying small-signal excitations to the voltage source ports and load ports, and calculating the corresponding input impedance or transmission impedance at the load ports.

[0052] In one implementation, AC impedance simulation is performed using commercial simulation software. The simulation software builds a power distribution network model based on the target circuit board's stack-up structure, planar shape, via connections, device packages, passive device models, power networks, and reference networks.

[0053] The preset cutoff frequency range is used to define the frequency interval for AC impedance evaluation, and the preset cutoff frequency range is from 100 kHz to 100 MHz. This frequency range can also be customized according to the power converter switching frequency, load transient frequency, effective frequency band of decoupling capacitors, and system operating frequency.

[0054] AC impedance simulation can obtain the scattering parameters or impedance parameters of the power distribution network. Based on the simulation parameters, the impedance values ​​of each load port at different frequency positions are extracted to form frequency domain impedance curves. Frequency domain impedance curves can record the correspondence between frequency and impedance amplitude, and can also further record impedance phase, resonant frequency, and anti-resonant frequency.

[0055] In some embodiments, commercial simulation software is invoked to run PDN impedance simulation, and the cutoff frequency range is set (default 100 kHz to 100 MHz, user-defined range is supported). The SYZ parameter matrix of the PDN is obtained through this simulation, and frequency domain impedance curves are generated at each load port.

[0056] To improve automated processing capabilities, the simulation software can export frequency domain impedance data as a data file, which is then read by the data processing module to generate frequency and impedance columns and establish frequency domain impedance curves for the corresponding load ports.

[0057] S5. Based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, the frequency domain impedance curve is back-calculated to extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions.

[0058] The AC margin ratio characterizes the proportion of the ideal voltage value that is allowed to be allocated to AC ripple. The system uses the AC margin ratio as the AC ripple coefficient and combines it with the ideal voltage value and the maximum load current value to calculate the target impedance in the frequency domain.

[0059] Specifically, the target impedance is calculated based on the frequency domain target impedance method: Z target (f) = (V nom × ripple%) / (I max ×50%) Where ripple% represents the dynamically allocated AC margin percentage, the specific value of which is obtained according to the allocation rules. max The maximum current value input by the user.

[0060] Under normal circumstances, the frequency domain target impedance method is as follows: Ztarget (f) = (V nom × ripple%) / I transient Among them, I transient This represents the transient current under worst-case conditions, since it is difficult to obtain I. transient， Based on the rule of thumb, the transient current is estimated to be half of the maximum current, i.e., Itransient transient ≈ 1 / 2 × I max。 Compare the frequency domain impedance curve obtained from the simulation with the calculated target impedance: if it is less than the target impedance over the entire frequency range, the AC test is qualified; otherwise, the AC test is unqualified.

[0061] Obtain the results of the DC simulation: DC voltage drop V at each load port. DC_Drop ; To obtain the worst-case scenario for AC simulation: the maximum value Z of the impedance curve within the cutoff frequency range. max ; Calculate the AC fluctuation value: V AC_Ripple = Z max × (I max ×50%); Calculate the voltage fluctuation limit range: using the voltage values ​​(V) at each load port obtained from DC simulation. min ) and ideal voltage value (V nom Based on the baseline, the AC fluctuation value is superimposed to obtain V. limit = [V min - V AC_Ripple V nom + V AC_Ripple This superposition logic can cover the worst-case scenario of DC voltage drop and AC ripple superposition, and can more intuitively and reasonably evaluate the quality of power network design.

[0062] The frequency domain impedance curve within the preset cutoff frequency range is compared with the frequency domain target impedance. If the impedance value at all frequency points is not greater than the frequency domain target impedance, the AC impedance is deemed to meet the requirements. If the impedance value at at least one frequency point is greater than the frequency domain target impedance, the AC impedance is deemed not to meet the requirements.

[0063] The AC fluctuation value is used for subsequent calculations of the limiting voltage fluctuation range. By extracting the maximum impedance value from the frequency domain impedance curve, the simulation results at multiple frequency points can be converted into an AC fluctuation index that reflects the worst operating conditions.

[0064] S6. The DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value are superimposed to calculate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port. The limit voltage fluctuation range is compared with the preset fluctuation threshold, and the comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board is output.

[0065] The limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port is used to describe the lower and upper voltage limits that the load port may reach under the combined effect of DC voltage drop and AC fluctuation.

[0066] Furthermore, the global voltage fluctuation range of the target circuit board is calculated. The global voltage fluctuation range is used to form a unified evaluation metric for the target circuit board. It can be calculated based on the ideal voltage values ​​and allowable voltage fluctuation ratios of each power domain in the target circuit board, or it can be summarized based on the design voltage range of all load ports.

[0067] In one implementation, the global voltage fluctuation range is denoted as Vglobal. The safety threshold and risk threshold are calculated using a first proportional parameter and a second proportional parameter, respectively: the safety threshold equals Vglobal multiplied by the first proportional parameter; the risk threshold equals Vglobal multiplied by the second proportional parameter.

[0068] The second proportional parameter is greater than the first proportional parameter. In one embodiment, the first proportional parameter is 80%, and the second proportional parameter is 100%.

[0069] Calculate the safe zone and the risk zone with the ideal voltage value as the center. The safe zone can be expressed as: the safe zone equals [Vnom minus the safety threshold, Vnom plus the safety threshold].

[0070] The risk range can be expressed as: the risk range equals [Vnom minus the risk threshold, Vnom plus the risk threshold].

[0071] The limiting voltage fluctuation range is compared with the safe and risky ranges. When the limiting voltage fluctuation range falls entirely within the safe range, the assessment is "safe." When the limiting voltage fluctuation range exceeds the safe range but falls entirely within the risky range, the assessment is "warning." When the limiting voltage fluctuation range exceeds the risky range, the assessment is "dangerous."

[0072] In a further implementation, the comprehensive safety classification judgment result is further subdivided by combining the DC judgment result and the AC judgment result.

[0073] When both DC and AC judgments are compliant, and the extreme voltage fluctuation range falls within the safe range, the overall judgment result can be set to very safe.

[0074] When at least one of the DC or AC judgments is non-compliant, but the extreme voltage fluctuation range falls completely within the safe range, the overall judgment result can be set as relatively safe.

[0075] When the extreme voltage fluctuation range falls entirely within the risk range but exceeds the safe range, the overall judgment result can be set as having a certain degree of risk.

[0076] When the extreme voltage fluctuation range exceeds the risk range, the comprehensive judgment result can be set as unqualified or dangerous.

[0077] The above-mentioned classification method can simultaneously consider the overall impact of individual simulation judgment results and the superposition of DC voltage drop and AC fluctuation, avoiding evaluation based solely on a single indicator such as DC voltage drop or AC impedance.

[0078] In one implementation, the simulation results output by the system include load port identification, DC voltage drop, load port DC operating voltage, impedance curve, maximum impedance value, AC fluctuation value, DC judgment result, AC judgment result, limiting voltage fluctuation range, safe range, risk range, and comprehensive safety classification result. The system can also generate a visualization report, which includes impedance curve diagrams, port voltage data, simulation configuration instructions, and safety level identification.

[0079] Example 2 (Low-voltage, high-current power network: CPU core power supply) Taking the simulation of the CPU core power domain (1.0V / 50A) of a consumer electronics PCB board (including CPU, FPGA, DDR4) as an example, the method and system of this invention are applied using ANSYS SIwave simulation software (with a Python programmable interface). The specific steps are as follows: Add the CPU model XXX-123, power domain VCC_CORE pin number 20-60, ideal voltage value 1.0V, and voltage fluctuation range ±5% to the active component library; all passive components used on the PCB have S-parameter models in the passive component library.

[0080] User inputs simulation information: 1) Power network name: VCC_1.0V, Reference network name: GND, Port type: Voltage source, Port tag number: U1, Port value: 1V; 2) Power supply network name: VCC_1.0V, Reference network name: GND, Port type: Current source, Port tag number: D1, Port value: 50A, Power supply type: Low voltage high current; Select the "Low Voltage High Current" power supply template (automatically load "DC 50% + AC 30% + margin 20%)"); The system reads all passive component models from the PCB design, such as capacitors, inductors, and ferrite beads, and matches them with models in the passive component library. For example, for decoupling capacitors C1-C6 (model XX-0402-104-XX), the system matches the component model from the component library to find its S2P model and completes the model setup through SIwave's Python interface. The system automatically creates a voltage source port (U1, Vsource, 1V) and a current source port (D1, Isource, 50A); runs a DC voltage drop simulation and obtains a DC voltage drop of 0.03V at the load port; runs a PDN impedance simulation (frequency range 100kHz~100MHz) and obtains the impedance curve Zac(f); DC margin threshold = 1.0V × 5% × 50% = 0.025V, 0.03V > 0.025V, DC judgment fails; Target impedance = (1.0 × 5% × 30%) / (50 × 50%) = 0.0006Ω, Zac(f) ≤ 0.0006Ω across the entire frequency range, with a maximum impedance value of 0.0003 ohms, AC test is qualified; The voltage fluctuation limit range after the worst-case scenario is calculated as [1.0 - 0.03 - 0.0003 × (50 × 50%), 1.0 + 0.0003 × (50 × 50%)] = [0.9625V, 1.0075V]. This falls within the safety threshold of "1.0V × (1 ± 5% × 80%) = [0.96V, 1.04V]", and is therefore considered "relatively safe". The simulation report is generated, which includes voltage distribution cloud map, PDN impedance curve, various and superposition discrimination results, and prompts "DC voltage drop exceeds the standard but superposition result is safe". If iterative optimization is required, the V2.0 version PCB file can be imported through the comparison simulation module. No information needs to be entered again, and the simulation can be run directly to compare the simulation results.

[0081] Example 3 (High-voltage, low-current power network: analog circuit) Taking the simulation of the analog circuit power domain (15V / 1A) of an industrial control PCB board as an example, the specific steps of applying the method and system of this invention using Ansys SIwave simulation software are as follows: 1. User inputs simulation information 1) Power network name: VCC_15V, Reference network name: AGND, Port type: Voltage source, Port tag number: U1, Port value: 15V; 2) Power supply network name: VCC_15V, Reference network name: AGND, Port type: Current source, Port tag number: D1, Port value: 0.5A, Power supply type: High voltage, low current; 3) Power supply network name: VCC_15V, Reference network name: AGND, Port type: Current source, Port tag number: N1, Port value: 0.3A, Power supply type: High voltage, low current; 4) Power supply network name: VCC_15V, Reference network name: AGND, Port type: Current source, Port tag number: N2, Port value: 0.2A, Power supply type: High voltage, low current; Select the "High Voltage, Low Current" power supply template (automatically load "DC 30% + AC 50% + Margin 20%)", where D1 / N1 / N2 are stored in the component library with an ideal voltage of 15V and a voltage fluctuation range of ±3%; 2. Capacitor model parameter assignment and simulation The system reads all passive component models from the PCB design, such as capacitors, inductors, and ferrite beads, and matches them with models in the passive component library. For decoupling capacitor C2 (model XX-0805-105-XX), the system could not find its S2P model in the component library, so it automatically called the lumped parameter model from the library (capacitance 1uF, ESR 8mΩ, ESL 0.2nH). Running a DC voltage drop simulation yielded a voltage drop of 0.12V for D1 (DC margin threshold = 15V × 3% × 30% = 0.135V, acceptable). Running a PDN impedance simulation yielded a maximum impedance of 0.46Ω (target impedance = (15 × 3% × 50%) / (1 × 50%) = 0.45Ω, unacceptable). 3. Safety Judgment and Iteration: The voltage fluctuation limit range = [15 - 0.12 - 0.46 × (1 × 50%), 15 + 0.46 × (1 × 50%)] = [14.65V, 15.23V], which falls within the risk threshold of "15V × (1 ± 3% × 100%) = [14.55V, 15.45V]", and is judged as "somewhat risky"; after importing the V2.0 version PCB file (it was found that the routing to D1 was not designed according to the power network), the DC voltage drop and frequency domain impedance both decreased significantly after simulation, and both DC and AC were judged to be qualified, and the safety level was upgraded to "very safe".

[0082] Example 4 This embodiment provides a fully automated power integrity simulation system, which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following modules: The configuration acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board, including the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value. The rule matching module is used to match preset voltage fluctuation distribution rules according to the power supply type to determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio of the target circuit board. The DC simulation evaluation module is used to extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio. The AC simulation module is used to perform AC impedance simulation based on the design file to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within the preset cutoff frequency range. The fluctuation extraction module is used to back-calculate the frequency domain impedance curve based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, and extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to calculate the DC voltage drop value and AC fluctuation value by superimposing the physical quantities, generate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port, compare the limit voltage fluctuation range with the preset fluctuation threshold, and output the comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

[0083] Specific limitations regarding the fully automated power integrity simulation system can be found in the limitations of the fully automated power integrity simulation method described above; the corresponding technical effects are equivalent and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned fully automated power integrity simulation system can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device, or stored in the computer device's memory as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0084] Example 5 Figure 3 An internal structural diagram of a computer device is shown in one embodiment. This computer device may specifically be a terminal or a server. Figure 3 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, network interface, display, camera, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface is used to communicate with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a fully automated power integrity simulation method. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink display. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0085] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, computer equipment Figure 3 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present invention is applied. Specific computing devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0086] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0087] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0088] In summary, this application provides a fully automated simulation method, system, computer equipment, and storage medium for power integrity (summarizing the key substantive features and significant advancements of this application).

[0089] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For directly identical or similar parts of the embodiments, refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. It should be noted that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0090] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and substitutions without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fully automated simulation method for power integrity, characterized in that, include: Obtain the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board, which includes the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value; Based on the power type and the preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule, determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board. Extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio; Based on the design file, perform AC impedance simulation to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within the preset cutoff frequency range; Based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, the frequency domain impedance curve is back-calculated to extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. The DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value are superimposed to calculate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port. The limit voltage fluctuation range is then compared with a preset fluctuation threshold to output a comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

2. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before performing the DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, the method further includes: Parse the design file and extract the models of passive components; The passive device model is compared with a pre-built passive device library to match the corresponding device simulation model; the passive device library stores the package type and model parameters corresponding to each device model; The matched device simulation model is assigned to the corresponding device in the simulation project through the programmable interface, and the voltage source port and the load port are established based on the simulation configuration information.

3. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board according to the preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule based on the power supply type includes: Determine whether the power supply type is a preset template type or a custom type; When the power supply type is a preset template type, the parameters built into the template are read as the DC margin ratio, the AC margin ratio, and the design margin ratio. When the power supply type is a custom type, the configuration parameters input from the outside are received and parsed into the DC margin ratio, the AC margin ratio, and the design margin ratio, respectively.

4. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 3, characterized in that, The DC bias compliance is assessed based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin percentage, including: Multiply the ideal voltage value by the DC margin percentage to obtain the maximum allowable DC voltage drop reference value; Compare the DC voltage drop value with the maximum DC voltage drop reference value; If the DC voltage drop value is greater than the maximum DC voltage drop reference value, the DC bias is determined to be non-compliant; if the DC voltage drop value is not greater than the maximum DC voltage drop reference value, it is determined to be compliant.

5. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of back-calculating the frequency domain impedance curve based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value includes: The AC margin ratio is used as the AC ripple coefficient, and the frequency domain target impedance is calculated by combining the ideal voltage value and the maximum load current value. The frequency domain impedance curve is compared with the frequency domain target impedance, and the maximum impedance value of the frequency domain impedance curve within the preset cutoff frequency range is extracted. The AC fluctuation value under the worst operating condition is calculated by multiplying the maximum impedance value by the maximum load current value.

6. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of generating the limiting voltage fluctuation range of the load port, comparing the limiting voltage fluctuation range with a preset fluctuation threshold, and outputting a comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board includes: The ideal voltage value minus the DC voltage drop value is used as the center reference voltage. The AC fluctuation value is positively or negatively superimposed on the center reference voltage to define the limit voltage fluctuation range. Calculate the global voltage fluctuation range of the target circuit board; The global voltage fluctuation range is multiplied by a first proportional parameter and a second proportional parameter to obtain a safety threshold and a risk threshold, wherein the second proportional parameter is greater than the first proportional parameter. The safe range is calculated by adding or subtracting the ideal voltage value and the safety threshold, and the risk range is calculated by adding or subtracting the ideal voltage value and the risk threshold. The extreme voltage fluctuation range is compared with the safe range and the risk range respectively. If the extreme voltage fluctuation range falls within the safe range, the result is considered safe; if it exceeds the safe range but falls within the risk range, the result is considered a warning; if it exceeds the risk range, the result is considered dangerous.

7. The fully automated simulation method for power integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, After outputting the comprehensive security classification judgment result for the target circuit board, the method further includes: Monitor whether the iterative design file for the target circuit board has been received; When the iterative design file is received, the simulation configuration information and the voltage fluctuation allocation rules are automatically inherited; Using the iterative design file, the steps of repeatedly triggering the DC voltage drop simulation to outputting the comprehensive safety classification judgment result are repeated to generate a new version of the judgment result corresponding to the iterative design file; Compare the current version's comprehensive security classification results with the new version's results, and generate and output a version difference assessment report.

8. A fully automated simulation system for power integrity, characterized in that, include: The configuration acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation configuration information of the target circuit board, which includes the power supply type, ideal voltage value, and maximum load current value. The rule matching module is used to match a preset voltage fluctuation distribution rule according to the power type to determine the DC margin ratio and AC margin ratio corresponding to the target circuit board. The DC simulation evaluation module is used to extract the design files of the target circuit board, perform DC voltage drop simulation based on the simulation configuration information, obtain the DC voltage drop value of the load port, and evaluate whether the DC bias is compliant based on the DC voltage drop value and the DC margin ratio. An AC simulation module is used to perform AC impedance simulation based on the design file to obtain the frequency domain impedance curve of the load port within a preset cutoff frequency range. The fluctuation extraction module is used to back-calculate the frequency domain impedance curve based on the AC margin ratio and the maximum load current value, and extract the AC fluctuation value under the worst operating conditions. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to perform physical quantity superposition calculation on the DC voltage drop value and the AC fluctuation value to generate the limit voltage fluctuation range of the load port, compare the limit voltage fluctuation range with the preset fluctuation threshold, and output the comprehensive safety classification judgment result for the target circuit board.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: Processor and computer-readable storage media; A processor, adapted to execute computer programs; A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the power integrity full-process automated simulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is a fully automated simulation method for power integrity.

Images