An optimal evaluation method and system for open-pit mining and transportation modes based on full life cycle cost

Abstract

The application discloses an optimal evaluation method and system for open-pit mining and transportation modes based on a full life cycle cost, and belongs to the technical field of open-pit mining and transportation system scheme evaluation and mine engineering economic analysis. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining open-pit mining engineering parameters, production parameters, transportation distance and geometric parameters, financial parameters, carbon emission parameters, electric mine truck transportation parameters and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation parameters; checking the annual transportation capacity of the electric mine truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode respectively; establishing a full life cycle cost model of the two transportation modes; calculating the annual carbon emission cost and the discounted full life cycle cost; generating initial investment cost, operation cost, maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, carbon emission cost, annual equivalent cost, unit ton cost and unit ton kilometer cost; outputting the respective optimal comparison table under different cost targets according to a preset cost minimum target, and calculating the investment recovery period, conversion opportunity and sensitivity ranking of the IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode. The application can quantitatively compare and select the electric mine truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode under the same evaluation caliber, and provides a basis for open-pit mining and transportation mode selection, low-carbonization reconstruction and stage conversion decision-making.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical fields of open-pit mining transportation system scheme evaluation, mining engineering economic analysis, equipment life cycle cost calculation and carbon emission cost accounting. Specifically, it relates to an optimal evaluation method and system for open-pit mining transportation modes based on life cycle cost. It is particularly applicable to the economic evaluation, determination of optimal transportation mode, calculation of investment payback period and judgment of transportation system conversion time between electric mining truck transportation mode and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode. Background Technology

[0002] In open-pit mining, ore transportation is a crucial link affecting mine production costs and system efficiency. As mining depth increases, transportation distance, hoisting height, and the complexity of transportation organization typically increase, leading to significant changes in equipment investment, energy consumption, maintenance, downtime losses, and labor costs for the transportation system. Traditional open-pit mines often use mining trucks for transportation, which are characterized by flexibility, short construction periods, and strong adaptability to production organization. However, in deep open-pit mines or under long-distance transportation conditions, the number of vehicles, energy costs, road maintenance costs, and downtime losses can increase significantly.

[0003] As open-pit mining transportation systems develop towards low-carbon, continuous, and large-scale operations, electric mining truck transportation and in-pit crushing-belt conveyor systems (IPCC systems) are gradually becoming important options for open-pit mine transportation solutions. Electric mining truck transportation can reduce direct emissions during transportation, but factors such as battery capacity, charging efficiency, number of chargers, power distribution system upgrades, and charging waiting time need to be considered. Semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation typically includes short-turn electric mining trucks, a semi-fixed crushing station, a feeding and transfer system, an in-pit belt conveyor, a surface or stage transfer system, and a final unloading point. It has lower operating energy consumption and strong continuous transportation capacity, but the initial investment is high, and there may be losses due to staged relocation of the crushing station, system upgrades, and relocation downtime.

[0004] Existing evaluation methods for open-pit mining transportation modes typically suffer from the following shortcomings: First, the evaluation objects are mostly concentrated on a single transportation mode, making it difficult to compare electric mining truck transportation with semi-stationary IPCC semi-continuous transportation under the same evaluation caliber; second, some methods only focus on initial investment or unit operating costs, lacking a full life cycle cost model covering the entire process of construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance, system transformation, relocation, upgrading, decommissioning, and residual value recovery; third, they do not fully consider the impact of operating parameters such as mining depth, transportation distance, hoisting height, road detour coefficient, charging capacity, crushing capacity, conveyor belt length, and conveyor belt hoisting height on transportation costs and transportation capacity; fourth, there is a lack of methods that integrate carbon emission costs, time value of money, investment payback period, system conversion timing, and sensitivity analysis into the optimal evaluation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an optimal evaluation method and system for open-pit mining transportation based on the full life cycle cost, so as to realize the cost calculation, index comparison, optimal scheme determination and decision output of electric mining truck transportation and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation under the same model caliber. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optimal evaluation method and system for open-pit mining transportation modes based on the full life cycle cost, in order to solve the problems in the selection of existing open-pit mining transportation modes, such as incomplete cost composition, inconsistent evaluation criteria for different transportation modes, insufficient consideration of the time value of money and carbon emission costs, insufficient verification of transportation capacity constraints, and lack of quantitative basis for optimal solutions and conversion timing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an optimal evaluation method for open-pit mining transportation based on total life cycle cost, comprising the following steps.

[0008] S1 obtains open-pit mining engineering parameters, production parameters, transportation distance and geometric parameters, financial parameters, carbon emission parameters, electric mining truck transportation parameters, and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation parameters. Among these, production parameters include annual ore and rock transportation volume, number of working days, and daily working hours; transportation distance and geometric parameters include stope block coordinates, crushing station coordinates, elevation difference, slope parameters, road detour coefficient, conveyor belt length, and conveyor belt hoisting height; financial parameters include the mine's remaining service life and discount rate; and carbon emission parameters include the electricity carbon emission factor and unit carbon emission price.

[0009] S2, based on annual ore and rock transportation volume, number of working days, daily working hours, transportation distance, hoisting height, road detour coefficient, and transportation equipment operating parameters, calculates the annual transportation demand, annual transportation capacity, and transportation capacity constraints for both electric mining truck transportation and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation methods within the target evaluation period. Specifically, the electric mining truck transportation method is evaluated for both vehicle operation capacity and charging capacity, while the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation method is evaluated for both short-haul transportation capacity, crushing capacity, belt conveyor capacity, and transfer capacity.

[0010] S3. Establish a full life cycle cost model for electric mining truck transportation. The full life cycle cost of electric mining truck transportation includes vehicle purchase cost, battery cost, charging facility cost, power distribution modification cost, civil engineering and installation cost, operating electricity consumption cost, maintenance cost, tire cost, labor cost, charging facility maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, other annual costs, equipment replacement cost, and residual value recovery.

[0011] S4. Establish a full life-cycle cost model for the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode. The semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode includes short-haul electric mining trucks, semi-fixed crushing plants, feeding and transfer systems, in-pit belt conveyors, surface or stage transfer systems, and final unloading points; its full life-cycle cost includes short-haul vehicle costs, crushing plant investment costs, belt conveyor system investment costs, feeding and transfer system investment costs, installation and civil engineering costs, contingency costs, short-haul power consumption costs, crushing system power consumption costs, belt conveyor system power consumption costs, public auxiliary power consumption costs, relocation-related energy consumption costs, comprehensive operation and maintenance costs, relocation costs, relocation downtime loss costs, system modification costs, decommissioning costs, and residual value recovery.

[0012] S5. Based on electricity consumption, electricity carbon emission factor and unit carbon emission price, calculate the annual carbon emission cost of electric mining truck transportation mode and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode respectively, and include the annual carbon emission cost in the annual operating cost.

[0013] S6. Based on the discount rate, the annual costs within the target evaluation period are discounted to the benchmark time point to obtain the discounted life-cycle costs of electric mining truck transportation and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation.

[0014] S7 calculates the initial investment cost, annual operating cost, maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, carbon emission cost, annual equivalent cost, unit ton cost, and unit ton-kilometer cost for the two modes of transportation based on discounted life cycle cost, total transport volume, equivalent transport distance, and service years.

[0015] S8, based on the preset optimal evaluation target, selects at least one target from the following: lowest initial investment cost, lowest operating cost, lowest maintenance cost, lowest downtime loss cost, lowest carbon emission cost, lowest discounted life cycle cost, lowest annual equivalent cost, lowest cost per ton, and lowest cost per ton-kilometer. It then ranks the electric mining truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode and outputs a comparison table of the best under different cost targets.

[0016] S9. Based on the incremental initial investment and annual discounted cost savings of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode compared to the electric mining truck transportation mode, calculate the investment payback period of the IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode, and determine the timing of transportation system conversion according to the year or stage when the cumulative discounted cost turns from negative to positive.

[0017] S10 performs sensitivity analysis on at least one of the following parameters: electricity price, discount rate, electricity carbon emission factor, unit carbon emission price, annual ore and rock transportation volume, transportation distance, lifting height, road detour coefficient, vehicle purchase cost, battery cost, charging facility cost, crushing station investment cost, conveyor belt system investment cost, operation and maintenance rate, and relocation cost. It outputs the sensitivity ranking and the optimal transportation mode change results.

[0018] This invention also provides an optimal evaluation system for open-pit mining transportation modes based on life-cycle cost, including a parameter acquisition module, a working condition calculation module, a transportation capacity verification module, an electric mining truck cost calculation module, an IPCC cost calculation module, a carbon emission cost calculation module, a discount calculation module, a cost index generation module, an optimal target configuration module, a transportation mode comparison module, an investment recovery and conversion timing judgment module, a sensitivity analysis module, and a result output module.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] 1. This invention incorporates electric mining truck transportation and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation into the same life-cycle cost evaluation caliber, avoiding evaluation biases caused by comparing different transportation methods solely based on initial investment or single-period operating costs.

[0021] 2. This invention integrates vehicle purchase, battery, charging facilities, power distribution transformation, crushing station, conveyor belt system, relocation, downtime losses, decommissioning disposal, residual value recovery and carbon emission costs into the model, which can more completely reflect the true cost of open-pit mining transportation methods.

[0022] 3. This invention ensures that both the electric mining truck transportation method and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation method participating in the selection meet the annual ore and rock transportation volume requirements by verifying transportation capacity, thereby improving the comparability of the optimal evaluation results.

[0023] 4. This invention can output a comparison table of the best under different cost targets, so that different management objectives such as the lowest initial investment, the lowest operating cost, the lowest total life cycle cost, the lowest cost per ton, and the lowest cost per ton-kilometer can all be reflected.

[0024] 5. This invention can calculate the investment payback period and conversion timing of semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode relative to electric mining truck transportation mode, providing a quantitative basis for the conversion of open-pit mining transportation systems from intermittent transportation to semi-continuous transportation.

[0025] 6. This invention identifies key factors affecting the optimal choice of transportation mode through sensitivity analysis, which is beneficial for mines to make robust decisions under conditions of changes in electricity prices, carbon prices, equipment investment, transportation distance, and mining depth. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system module structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the life-cycle cost structure of electric mining truck transportation.

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the lifecycle cost structure of a semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation method;

[0030] Figure 5 This outputs a schematic diagram showing the optimal evaluation results of transportation modes under different cost objectives. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Overall Methodology and Flow

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] This embodiment provides an optimal evaluation method for open-pit mining transportation modes based on total life cycle cost. The target evaluation period is the remaining service life of the mine, and the annual ore and rock transportation volume is set as a changeable parameter, which is assumed not to change year by year during a single calculation. The evaluation objects include electric mining truck transportation and semi-stationary IPCC semi-continuous transportation, both of which must meet the ore and rock transportation volume constraints for the same year.

[0034] First, obtain the transportation parameters for the electric mining trucks. These parameters include rated load capacity, loading coefficient, heavy-load speed, unloaded speed, loading time, unloading time, queuing time, attendance rate, utilization rate, power consumption per unit distance under heavy load, power consumption per unit distance under unload, operating correction coefficient, battery capacity, maximum state of charge, minimum state of charge, charging efficiency, charger power, number of chargers, and charger utilization rate.

[0035] Secondly, obtain the cost parameters for the electric mining truck transportation method. These cost parameters include vehicle purchase price, whether the battery is included in the vehicle purchase price, battery price, charger unit price, power distribution system upgrade cost, civil engineering and installation cost, other initial costs, electricity price, maintenance rate, tire unit distance cost, single-vehicle labor cost, charging facility maintenance rate, downtime loss rate, other annual costs, project lifespan, discount rate, vehicle service life, vehicle residual value rate, battery service life, battery residual value rate, charging facility service life, and charging facility residual value rate.

[0036] Next, the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transport parameters are obtained. This IPCC system is of the semi-fixed type, with the crushing station fixed within a service phase. The location of the crushing station can be changed between different service phases via an input table. This embodiment does not support semi-mobile IPCCs, mobile IPCCs, or automatic optimization of crushing station locations. The IPCC system boundary includes short-haul electric mining trucks, semi-fixed crushing stations, feeding and transfer systems, in-pit belt conveyors, surface or stage transfer systems, and the final unloading point. Detailed waste disposal planning and belt path optimization are not elaborated here.

[0037] Subsequently, the short-distance reversal is calculated based on the block coordinates, crushing station coordinates, elevation difference, slope parameters, and road detour coefficient; the conveyor belt length and conveyor belt lifting height for each service stage are input according to the conveyor belt layout table. The short-distance reversal is not calculated solely from the mining depth, but is determined jointly by the spatial relationship between the block and the crushing station, elevation parameters, slope parameters, and road detour coefficient.

[0038] Finally, the life-cycle cost indicators for the two modes of transportation are calculated separately, and a comparison table of the optimal values ​​for each mode under different cost targets, IPCC payback period, switching timing, and sensitivity analysis results are output.

[0039] Electric mining truck transportation model

[0040] The actual load capacity of an electric mining truck is calculated using the following formula: Qact = Qrated × kpayload.

[0041] Effective annual working hours are calculated using the following formula: Heff = Dwork × Hday × A × U.

[0042] The single-vehicle transport cycle time includes the time spent traveling with a heavy load, the time spent traveling without a load, the loading time, the unloading time, and the queuing time. The annual transport cycle number is calculated based on the annual ore transport volume and the actual loading volume: Ncycle = Qannual / Qact.

[0043] The cycle time for a single vehicle is calculated using the following formula: Tcycle=Lloaded / Vloaded+Lempty / Vempty+(Tload+Tdump+Tqueue) / 60.

[0044] The total annual vehicle hours are calculated using the following formula: Hvehicle,annual = Ncycle × Tcycle. Then, the required number of vehicles is calculated based on the effective annual working hours: Ntruck = ceil(Hvehicle,annual / Heff).

[0045] The annual electricity consumption of electric mining trucks is calculated based on the heavy-load transportation distance, the empty-load transportation distance, the power consumption per unit distance under heavy load, the power consumption per unit distance under empty load, the operation correction factor, and the charging efficiency. The annual electricity cost is calculated using the following formulas: Lvehicle,annual=Ncycle×(Lloaded+Lempty); Etraction,annual=Ncycle×(Lloaded×eloaded+Lempty×eempty)×kop; Egrid,annual=Etraction,annual / ηcharge; Celec,annual=Egrid,annual×Pelec / 10000.

[0046] The available electricity and annual charging capacity of the charging system are calculated using the following formulas: Ebat,usable = Ebat,cap × (SOCmax - SOCmin); Echarge,annual = Pcharger × Ncharger × Ucharger × Dwork × Hday. Where SOCmax and SOCmin are decimals between 0 and 1. When the annual charging capacity is less than the annual electricity drawn from the grid, it is determined that the charging capacity does not meet the annual transportation demand, requiring an increase in the number of chargers, an increase in the number of vehicles, or marking the scheme as not meeting transportation capacity constraints.

[0047] Annual maintenance and repair costs are calculated using the following formula: Cmaint,annual = Ntruck × Ptruck × Rmaint / 100. Annual tire costs are calculated using the following formula: Ctire,annual = Lvehicle,annual × ctire,km / 10000. Annual labor costs are calculated using the following formula: Clabor,annual = Ntruck × Clabor,truck. Annual downtime losses are calculated using the following formula: Cdown,annual = Cdirect,op × Rdown / 100.

[0048] The initial cost of electric mining truck transportation includes vehicle purchase cost, battery cost, charger cost, power distribution modification cost, civil engineering and installation cost, and other initial costs. If the battery cost is already included in the vehicle purchase price, the battery cost will not be included in the vehicle purchase cost again; if the battery cost is not included in the vehicle purchase price, it will be included in the initial cost separately based on the battery price and the number of vehicles.

[0049] Semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation model

[0050] The semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation system consists of short-haul electric mining trucks, a semi-fixed crushing station, a feeding and transfer system, in-pit belt conveyors, surface or stage transfer systems, and a final unloading point. Its cost model includes initial capital costs, annual operating costs, annual maintenance costs, relocation costs, relocation downtime losses, system modification costs, decommissioning costs, and residual value recovery.

[0051] Short-haul transportation power consumption is calculated based on the short-haul distance from the block to the crushing station, the power consumption of the short-haul vehicles under heavy load, the power consumption under no-load conditions, and the operation correction factor. Crushing system power consumption is calculated based on the annual ore and rock transportation volume and the unit crushing power consumption. Belt conveyor system power consumption is calculated based on the annual ore and rock transportation volume, belt length, belt lifting height, unit horizontal conveying power consumption, and unit lifting power consumption. Public auxiliary power consumption and relocation-related power consumption are calculated based on input parameters or stage-specific parameters, respectively.

[0052] The annual handling capacity of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode is verified using the following formula: QIPCC = min(Qshort, Qcrusher, Qconveyor, Qtransfer). Where Qshort represents the annual transportation capacity of the short-haul electric mining truck, Qcrusher represents the annual handling capacity of the crushing station, Qconveyor represents the annual conveying capacity of the belt conveyor system, and Qtransfer represents the annual handling capacity of the feeding and transfer system. When QIPCC is less than Qannual, the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode is not considered a feasible solution to meet production demands.

[0053] The annual power consumption of IPCC includes short-distance power consumption, breakage power consumption, belt conveyor power consumption, public auxiliary power consumption, and relocation-related power consumption, which can be calculated as EIPCC,annual=Eshort+Ecrusher+Econveyor+Eaux+Erelocation. Where Ecrusher=Qannual×ecrusher, Econveyor=Qannual×(Lconveyor×eh+Hlift×elift).

[0054] The annual electricity cost for IPCC is calculated as CIPCC,elec = EIPCC,annual × Pelec / 10000. The comprehensive operation and maintenance cost of IPCC can be calculated by multiplying the equipment investment by the comprehensive operation and maintenance rate, or by the annual comprehensive operation and maintenance cost input by the user. The crushing station's location is fixed within a service phase, but relocation can occur between phases based on the input relocation schedule; when relocation occurs, relocation costs, relocation downtime losses, and relocation-related energy consumption are included.

[0055] Discounted life cycle cost model

[0056] For any mode of transport i, its discounted life-cycle cost LCCi is calculated as follows: LCCi = Cinitial,i + Σ[(Coperation,i,t + Cmaintenance,i,t + Cdowntime,i,t + Ccarbon,i,t + Crelocation,i,t + Cupdate,i,t + Cother,i,t) / (1 + r)^t] + Cdisposal,i,T / (1 + r)^T - Cresidual,i,T / (1 + r)^T.

[0057] Where Cinitial,i represents the initial investment cost of transportation mode i; Cooperation,i,t represents the operating cost in year t; Cmaintenance,i,t represents the maintenance cost in year t; Cdowntime,i,t represents the downtime loss cost in year t; Ccarbon,i,t represents the carbon emission cost in year t; Crelocation,i,t represents the relocation cost in year t; Cupdate,i,t represents the equipment replacement cost in year t; Cother,i,t represents other costs in year t; Cdisposal,i,T represents the decommissioning disposal cost at the end of the evaluation period; Cresidual,i,T represents the residual value recovery at the end of the evaluation period; r represents the discount rate; and T represents the remaining service life of the mine.

[0058] The unit cost UCI is calculated as UCI = LCCi × 10000 / Qlife. The unit cost UTCi is calculated as UTCi = LCCi × 10000 / Wlife, where Wlife = Σ(Qannual,t × Leq,i,t). The annual equivalent cost EACi is calculated as EACi = LCCi × r × (1+r)^T / [(1+r)^T-1]; when r = 0, EACi = LCCi / T.

[0059] Optimal evaluation under different cost objectives

[0060] The system presets multiple cost minimization targets, including minimum initial investment cost, minimum operating cost, minimum maintenance cost, minimum downtime loss cost, minimum carbon emission cost, minimum discounted life cycle cost, minimum annual equivalent cost, minimum cost per ton, and minimum cost per ton-kilometer. Users can select one or more targets.

[0061] When a single cost objective is selected, the system compares the index values ​​of electric mining truck transportation and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation under that objective, and the one with the lower index value is the optimal transportation method under that objective.

[0062] When multiple cost objectives are selected, the system outputs the optimal transportation method for each cost objective, forming a comparison table of the optimal methods under different cost objectives. This comparison table includes at least the cost objective, the index values ​​of the two transportation methods, the difference, the difference ratio, and the optimal transportation method.

[0063] Investment recovery period and timing of conversion

[0064] Electric mining truck transportation is used as the baseline scheme, and a semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation scheme is used as the conversion scheme. The incremental initial investment of IPCC is calculated as ΔCinitial = Cinitial,IPCC - Cinitial,truck. The annual cost savings are calculated as Sannual,t = ​​Cannual,truck,t - Cannual,IPCC,t, where Cannual,truck,t and Cannual,IPCC,t do not include the initial investment cost in year 0.

[0065] The cumulative discounted cost savings are calculated using Scum,n = Σ[Sannual,t / (1+r)^t] - ΔCinitial. When Scum,n first exceeds or equals 0, the corresponding year n is the IPCC investment payback period. If a service phase exists in the crushing station phase table, the system further outputs the corresponding service phase as the recommended conversion phase. If the IPCC starts operation in year k or the m-th service phase, year k is used as the discount comparison benchmark, and the incremental initial investment, annual cost savings, and cumulative discounted cost savings are recalculated.

[0066] Sensitivity analysis

[0067] The system performs disturbance analysis on key parameters. Disturbance parameters include electricity price, discount rate, electricity carbon emission factor, unit carbon emission price, annual ore and rock transportation volume, short-distance transfer distance, conveyor belt length, conveyor belt lifting height, road detour coefficient, vehicle purchase price, battery price, charging facility cost, crushing station investment, conveyor belt system investment, comprehensive operation and maintenance cost rate, relocation cost, and downtime loss rate.

[0068] For any disturbance parameter, the system recalculates the cost indicators and optimal evaluation results of the two transportation modes within a preset disturbance range, and generates a sensitivity ranking based on whether the rate of change of the target indicator or the optimal transportation mode has changed. Through this analysis, users can identify the main factors affecting the optimal transportation mode selection and make robustness judgments on the transportation mode selection results.

Claims

1. An optimal evaluation method for open-pit mining transportation modes based on total life-cycle cost, characterized in that, include: S1, obtains open-pit mining engineering parameters, production parameters, transportation distance and geometric parameters, financial parameters, carbon emission parameters, electric mining truck transportation parameters, and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation parameters; S2, based on the production parameters, transportation distance and geometric parameters, electric mining truck transportation parameters, and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation parameters, calculate the annual transportation capacity of the electric mining truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode within the target evaluation period, and verify whether the two transportation modes meet the annual ore and rock transportation volume requirements; among them, the electric mining truck transportation mode simultaneously verifies the vehicle operation capacity and charging capacity, and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode simultaneously verifies the short-haul transportation capacity, crushing capacity, belt conveying capacity, and transfer capacity; S3. Establish a full life cycle cost model for electric mining truck transportation. The full life cycle cost of electric mining truck transportation includes vehicle purchase cost, battery cost, charging facility cost, power distribution transformation cost, civil engineering and installation cost, operating power consumption cost, maintenance cost, tire cost, labor cost, charging facility maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, replacement cost, and residual value recovery. S4. Establish a full life cycle cost model for the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode. The semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode includes short-haul electric mining trucks, semi-fixed crushing stations, feeding and transfer systems, in-pit belt conveyors, surface or stage transfer systems, and final unloading points. Its full life cycle cost includes short-haul transportation costs, crushing station costs, belt conveyor system costs, feeding and transfer system costs, installation and civil engineering costs, relocation costs, relocation downtime loss costs, system modification costs, operation and maintenance costs, decommissioning and disposal costs, and residual value recovery. S5. Based on the carbon emission parameters, calculate the annual carbon emission costs for electric mining truck transportation and semi-stationary IPCC semi-continuous transportation respectively. S6. Based on the discount rate in the financial parameters, the annual costs of the two modes of transportation within the target evaluation period are discounted to the benchmark time point to obtain the discounted life cycle costs of the two modes of transportation. S7. Based on the discounted life cycle cost, total transport volume and equivalent transport distance, calculate multiple cost indicators for the two modes of transport. The multiple cost indicators include initial investment cost, operating cost, maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, carbon emission cost, annual equivalent cost, unit ton cost and unit ton-kilometer cost. S8. Based on the preset optimal evaluation target, select at least one cost indicator from the multiple cost indicators, sort the electric mining truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode, and output a comparison table of the best under different cost targets. S9, calculate the payback period and switching timing of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode relative to the electric mining truck transportation mode; S10 performs sensitivity analysis on key parameters and outputs sensitivity ranking and results of changes in the optimal transportation mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production parameters include annual ore and rock transportation volume, number of working days, and daily working hours. The annual ore and rock transportation volume is a modifiable input parameter that remains unchanged in a single evaluation calculation.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport distance and geometric parameters include the coordinates of the mining block, the coordinates of the crushing station, the elevation difference, the slope parameters, the road detour coefficient, the belt length, and the belt lifting height. Among them, the short-distance transport of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transport mode is calculated based on the block coordinates, the coordinates of the crushing station, the elevation difference, the slope parameters, and the road detour coefficient. The belt length and belt lifting height are input from the stage belt layout table.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode crushing station is fixedly arranged within a service phase, and the location of the crushing station can be changed between different service phases through an input table.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual loading capacity of electric mining truck transportation is the product of the rated load and the loading coefficient. The effective annual working hours are the product of the number of working days, daily working hours, attendance rate, and utilization rate. The annual transportation cycle number is the ratio of the annual ore transportation volume to the actual loading volume. The single-vehicle transportation cycle time is the sum of the heavy-load driving time, the empty-load driving time, the loading time, the unloading time, and the queuing time. The required number of vehicles is calculated based on the annual transportation cycle number, the single-vehicle transportation cycle time, and the effective annual working hours, and then rounded up.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annual power consumption of electric mining truck transportation is calculated based on the power consumption per unit distance under heavy load, the power consumption per unit distance under no-load, the operation correction factor, the transportation distance, the number of annual transportation cycles, and the charging efficiency. The annual charging capacity is checked to ensure that it meets the annual power grid demand based on the battery capacity, the highest state of charge, the lowest state of charge, the charger power, the number of chargers, the charger utilization rate, the number of working days, and the daily working hours.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annual processing capacity of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode is the minimum of the annual transportation capacity of the short-haul electric mining truck, the annual processing capacity of the crushing station, the annual conveying capacity of the belt conveyor system, and the annual processing capacity of the feeding and transfer system. When the annual processing capacity is less than the annual ore and rock transportation volume, the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode is not output as a feasible solution.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annual power consumption of semi-stationary IPCC semi-continuous transportation includes power consumption of short-haul electric mining trucks, crushing system power consumption, conveyor belt system power consumption, public auxiliary power consumption, and relocation-related power consumption.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Annual carbon emission costs are calculated based on annual electricity consumption, electricity carbon emission factor, and unit carbon emission price, and are included in the annual operating costs of the corresponding mode of transportation.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discounted lifecycle cost is the sum of the discounted values ​​of the initial investment cost, annual operating costs, maintenance costs, downtime loss costs, carbon emission costs, relocation costs, replacement costs, and other costs, plus the discounted value of decommissioning disposal costs, and minus the discounted value of residual value recovery.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the discounted total life cost is in RMB 10,000, the cost per ton is the discounted total life cost multiplied by 10,000 and then divided by the total transportation volume. The cost per ton-kilometer is the discounted total life cost multiplied by 10,000 and then divided by the total ton-kilometers of the total life cycle. When the discount rate is 0, the average annual equivalent cost is the discounted total life cost divided by the remaining service years of the mine.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset optimal evaluation target includes at least one of the following: lowest initial investment cost, lowest operating cost, lowest maintenance cost, lowest downtime loss cost, lowest carbon emission cost, lowest discounted life cycle cost, lowest annual equivalent cost, lowest cost per ton, and lowest cost per ton-kilometer.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison table of optimal options under different cost targets includes cost targets, index values ​​for electric mining truck transportation, index values ​​for semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation, differences, difference ratios, and optimal transportation methods.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The payback period for the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode is calculated based on its incremental initial investment and annual discounted cost savings compared to the electric mining truck transportation mode. The annual discounted cost savings do not include the initial investment cost in year 0. When the cumulative discounted cost savings are greater than or equal to zero for the first time, the corresponding year or service stage is output as the payback period and the timing of conversion.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key parameters for the sensitivity analysis include at least one of the following: electricity price, discount rate, electricity carbon emission factor, unit carbon emission price, annual ore and rock transportation volume, short-distance transfer distance, conveyor belt length, conveyor belt lifting height, road detour coefficient, vehicle purchase price, battery price, charging facility cost, crushing station investment, conveyor belt system investment, operation and maintenance rate, relocation cost, and downtime loss rate.

16. An optimal evaluation system for open-pit mining transportation methods based on total life-cycle cost, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire open-pit mining engineering parameters, production parameters, transportation distance and geometric parameters, financial parameters, carbon emission parameters, electric mining truck transportation parameters, and semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation parameters. The working condition calculation module is used to calculate the transportation working conditions within the target evaluation period; The transportation capacity verification module is used to verify whether the electric mining truck transportation mode and the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode meet the annual ore and rock transportation volume requirements. The electric mining truck cost calculation module is used to calculate the total life cycle cost of electric mining truck transportation methods. The IPCC cost calculation module is used to calculate the total lifecycle cost of semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode. The carbon emission cost calculation module is used to calculate the annual carbon emission cost for the two modes of transportation. The discount calculation module is used to calculate the discounted lifecycle cost of the two transportation modes; The cost indicator generation module is used to generate initial investment cost, operating cost, maintenance cost, downtime loss cost, carbon emission cost, annual equivalent cost, cost per ton, and cost per ton-kilometer. The optimal target configuration module is used to configure at least one target with the lowest cost. The transportation mode comparison module is used to output a comparison table of the optimal modes under different cost objectives; The investment recovery and conversion timing judgment module is used to calculate the investment recovery period and conversion timing of the semi-fixed IPCC semi-continuous transportation mode; The sensitivity analysis module is used to output a sensitivity ranking of key parameters.

17. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

18. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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