An optimal scheduling method for offshore wind power and energy storage combined operation

Abstract

The application discloses an offshore wind power and energy storage combined operation optimization scheduling method and relates to the technical field of renewable energy optimization scheduling. The technical scheme is as follows: S1, obtaining the offshore wind power operation state at the current scheduling moment and in a future prediction window; S2, determining the minimum hydrogen consumption demand of a methanol synthesis unit in a minimum continuous production cycle; S3, generating a low inventory dynamic triggering threshold; S4, generating a methanol dynamic access threshold; S5, generating a high inventory dynamic hydrogen stop threshold; and S6, determining an electrolytic cell start-stop instruction, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen charging-discharging instruction and a methanol synthesis unit start-stop instruction. The application improves the safety, continuity and new energy consumption capacity of the offshore wind power methanol system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy optimization scheduling technology, and in particular to an optimization scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of offshore wind power installed capacity, offshore wind power bases are gradually developing towards more distant, larger-capacity, and more centralized locations. Offshore wind power has advantages such as abundant resources, high utilization hours, and proximity to ports and offshore fuel demand, but its output still exhibits significant randomness and volatility. Meanwhile, the construction cost of grid connection channels for offshore wind power is high, and transmission capacity is limited, making grid connection obstruction and wind curtailment prone to occur.

[0003] Using offshore wind power for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, and further synthesizing methanol, is an important technological path to enhance the local absorption capacity of offshore wind power, produce green liquid fuels, and construct offshore energy islands. In this type of system, the output of offshore wind power supplies the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit. The hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer enters a hydrogen storage tank, which then supplies hydrogen to the methanol synthesis unit. The methanol synthesis unit uses hydrogen and a carbon source to synthesize methanol.

[0004] However, methanol synthesis units are not typical interruptible electrical loads. Methanol synthesis typically has operating characteristics such as minimum production load, minimum continuous production time, and inappropriate for frequent start-ups and shutdowns. Therefore, hydrogen storage tanks not only need to meet simple capacity constraints but also serve as a buffer connecting the rapidly fluctuating offshore wind power hydrogen production process and the relatively continuous methanol synthesis process.

[0005] In existing technologies, hydrogen storage tanks are typically constrained by fixed upper and lower limits, requiring the hydrogen inventory to remain between the minimum and maximum levels. While this method is simple, it has the following drawbacks in offshore wind power-to-methanol systems.

[0006] First, a fixed low inventory threshold cannot reflect future hydrogen replenishment capacity. When the hydrogen storage tank inventory is slightly higher than the fixed lower limit, if the methanol synthesis unit starts up or continues to operate, while the electrolyzer has not yet started up or increased its load, the hydrogen storage tank inventory may fall below the safe threshold. On the other hand, if there is strong hydrogen replenishment capacity in the short term, the fixed threshold may be too conservative, limiting methanol production and offshore wind power consumption.

[0007] Second, a fixed methanol start-up threshold cannot reflect the feasibility of hydrogen supply across time periods after methanol starts up. Once a methanol synthesis unit is in production, it typically needs to meet a minimum continuous production time. Judging whether methanol can start up based solely on the current hydrogen storage tank inventory may lead to the methanol synthesis unit shutting down due to insufficient future hydrogen supply, rather than as planned, after startup.

[0008] Third, a fixed high inventory threshold cannot reflect the delay in electrolyzer shutdown. When the hydrogen storage tank inventory is high and the electrolyzer is still producing hydrogen, even if a power reduction or shutdown command is issued immediately, hydrogen may continue to be added to the storage tank for some time in the future due to the minimum operating time of the electrolyzer, power change limitations, or shutdown delay, thus leading to the risk of exceeding the high inventory limit in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0009] Fourth, offshore wind power fluctuates significantly. If the hydrogen storage threshold is not dynamically adjusted according to wind power forecasts, electrolyzer status, and methanol synthesis unit status, problems such as frequent start-ups and shutdowns of methanol synthesis units, insufficient hydrogen supply, increased wind curtailment, or high inventory risks in hydrogen storage tanks may easily occur.

[0010] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage, so that the safety boundary of the hydrogen storage tank can be dynamically adjusted according to the future hydrogen replenishment capacity, the start-up and shutdown delay of the electrolyzer, and the continuous production demand of methanol. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage, applicable to offshore or nearshore green methanol production scenarios containing offshore wind power, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, and methanol synthesis units. By constructing a low-inventory dynamic trigger threshold, a methanol dynamic access threshold, and a high-inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, the method incorporates future available hydrogen replenishment capacity, hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging capacity, electrolyzer state transition time, and minimum continuous production requirements of the methanol synthesis unit into the control decision, thereby improving the safety, continuity, and renewable energy consumption capacity of the offshore wind power-to-methanol system.

[0012] The inventive concept of this invention is as follows: The method of this invention is designed for an offshore wind power-to-methanol system consisting of an offshore wind farm, a water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage tank, and a methanol synthesis unit. It obtains the offshore wind power output, electrolyzer operating status, hydrogen inventory in the storage tank, hydrogen charging / discharging capacity of the storage tank, and methanol synthesis unit operating status at the current scheduling time and within a future forecast window. Based on the electrolyzer start-up lag time, shutdown lag time, actual hydrogen storage tank capacity, minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit, and minimum hydrogen consumption demand during that period, it constructs a low-inventory dynamic trigger threshold, a methanol dynamic access threshold, and a high-inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold. Specifically, the low-inventory dynamic trigger threshold and the methanol dynamic access threshold both consider the amount of hydrogen that can be replenished within the future window, while the high-inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold considers the unavoidable hydrogen input during the electrolyzer shutdown lag period and the guaranteed hydrogen consumption of the methanol unit. This method can dynamically adjust the safety boundary of hydrogen storage tanks according to offshore wind power fluctuations, electrolyzer operating status, and continuous methanol production needs, reducing the risk of low inventory and supply disruptions and high inventory exceeding limits in hydrogen storage tanks, and improving the operational safety, methanol production continuity, and renewable energy consumption capacity of offshore wind power methanol production systems.

[0013] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: an optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: Obtain the offshore wind power output, offshore wind power system power load, electrolyzer operating status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen filling flow in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen discharging flow in hydrogen storage tank, and operating status of methanol synthesis unit within the current scheduling time and future prediction window.

[0015] Step S2: Determine the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit.

[0016] Step S3: Determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window.

[0017] Step S4: Determine the methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window described in step S1. The methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window, and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit. Generate a dynamic methanol access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0018] Step S5: Based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window, generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold.

[0019] Step S6: Based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, methanol dynamic access threshold, and high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, determine the electrolyzer start / stop command, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging command, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop command.

[0020] In step S1, the hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is updated in the following manner:

[0021] (1);

[0022] in, The hydrogen storage tank inventory at time t; Let t be the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; Let t be the hydrogen discharge flow rate from the hydrogen storage tank. For hydrogen charging efficiency; For hydrogen release efficiency; The scheduling time interval;

[0023] The physical inventory of hydrogen storage tanks meets the following requirements:

[0024] (2);

[0025] in, This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S3, the low inventory protection window is a sub-window of the future prediction window, used to describe the time range from the current scheduling moment until the electrolyzer recovers to its effective hydrogen production capacity;

[0027] The future prediction window Defined as:

[0028] (3);

[0029] Where t is the current scheduling period; This represents the number of scheduling periods included within the future forecast window;

[0030] The low inventory protection window Defined as:

[0031] (4);

[0032] Where τ represents the index of any discrete scheduling period in the future prediction window or its sub-window;

[0033] (5);

[0034] in, The number of scheduling periods required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen production state; Indicates rounding up; The time required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen-producing state; The scheduling time interval;

[0035] The actual number of time periods for the low inventory protection window is:

[0036] (6);

[0037] The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is used to determine whether the hydrogen storage tank is in a low inventory risk state; when the current hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, at least one of the following control actions is executed:

[0038] (1) The methanol synthesis unit shall not be allowed to enter the production state from the non-production state;

[0039] (2) Limit the load increase of the methanol synthesis unit;

[0040] (3) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells to enter standby mode;

[0041] (4) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers to enter the hydrogen production state;

[0042] (5) Increase the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit;

[0043] The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is determined as follows:

[0044] (7);

[0045] in, The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold at time t; This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the minimum hydrogen flow rate converted to the hydrogen storage tank side under the minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit; Hydrogen filling efficiency of hydrogen storage tanks; This is a low inventory protection window starting from time t; For the first time within the low inventory protection window The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period.

[0046] Further, in step S4, the methanol dynamic admission threshold is calculated as follows:

[0047] (8);

[0048] in, Let t be the dynamic access threshold for methanol. This represents the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement for the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle. This represents the methanol access prediction window starting from time t. For the methanol access prediction window, the first The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period;

[0049] The minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit during the minimum continuous production cycle is determined as follows:

[0050] (9);

[0051] in, This represents the number of time periods within the methanol access prediction window.

[0052] When the current hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is higher than the methanol dynamic access threshold, the methanol synthesis unit is allowed to enter the production state from the non-production state; otherwise, the methanol synthesis unit is prohibited from entering the production state.

[0053] This dynamic methanol access threshold can dynamically adjust the current hydrogen storage inventory required for methanol startup based on the future availability of hydrogen replenishment capacity. When future hydrogen replenishment capacity is strong, the access threshold decreases; when future hydrogen replenishment capacity is weak, the access threshold increases; however, the access threshold shall not be lower than the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0054] Furthermore, in step S5, the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold is determined as follows:

[0055] (10);

[0056] in, The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold at time t; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; This represents the number of time periods within the electrolytic cell shutdown hysteresis window. This represents the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank. This is a marker variable indicating whether the methanol synthesis unit is in a production state at time t;

[0057] The actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined as follows:

[0058] (11);

[0059] in, This represents the theoretical maximum hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer. This represents the maximum hydrogen filling flow rate for the hydrogen storage tank.

[0060] When the current hydrogen storage tank inventory is higher than the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, at least one of the following control actions will be executed:

[0061] a) It is prohibited to add new electrolyzers into hydrogen production mode;

[0062] b) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers in hydrogen-producing state to reduce hydrogen production power;

[0063] c) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers that are in hydrogen production state to switch to standby state;

[0064] d) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells that are in standby mode to switch to shutdown mode;

[0065] e) Increase the load on the methanol synthesis unit;

[0066] f) Reduce the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit.

[0067] Furthermore, in step S1, the electrolyzer includes an alkaline electrolyzer, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, or a combination of an alkaline electrolyzer and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; the operating state of the electrolyzer includes a shutdown state, a standby state, and a hydrogen production state, and the switching of the operating state of the electrolyzer is subject to sequential constraints, and its state switching path should satisfy the logical relationship of "shutdown—standby—hydrogen production—standby—shutdown".

[0068] Meanwhile, this invention proposes an optimized scheduling system for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage. The system, applying the method described in this invention, includes the following steps:

[0069] The operation status module is configured to perform the following processes: obtain the offshore wind power output, system power load, electrolyzer operation status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen storage tank filling flow limit, hydrogen storage tank releasing flow limit, and methanol synthesis unit operation status within the current scheduling time and future forecast window.

[0070] The methanol synthesis unit is configured to perform the following process: determining the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit;

[0071] The low inventory protection window construction module is configured to perform the following process: determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window.

[0072] The methanol dynamic access threshold module is configured to perform the following process: determining a methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window, wherein the methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit; generating a methanol dynamic access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0073] The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold module is configured to perform the following process: generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window.

[0074] The instruction module is configured to execute the following process: determining the electrolyzer start / stop instruction, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging instruction, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop instruction based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, the methanol dynamic access threshold, and the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold.

[0075] Meanwhile, the present invention proposes an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed, it implements the steps of the method described in the present invention.

[0076] Furthermore, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the method described in the present invention when invoked by a processor.

[0077] Finally, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the present invention.

[0078] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0079] 1. This invention extends the fixed upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage tanks to dynamic threshold boundaries, so that the control of hydrogen storage tanks no longer depends solely on the current inventory, but also takes into account future hydrogen replenishment capacity, electrolyzer start-up and shutdown delays, and continuous methanol production needs.

[0080] 2. This invention proposes a dynamic trigger threshold for low inventory. This threshold not only considers the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank and the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement for methanol, but also deducts the amount of hydrogen that can be replenished within the low inventory protection window. Therefore, it can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in future hydrogen replenishment capacity.

[0081] 3. This invention proposes a dynamic methanol access threshold. This threshold takes into account the current hydrogen storage tank inventory, the minimum continuous hydrogen consumption requirement for methanol production, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be secured within the methanol access prediction window, thus preventing the methanol synthesis unit from being started prematurely when there is insufficient hydrogen supply in the future.

[0082] 4. This invention proposes a dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold for high inventory. This threshold takes into account the unavoidable amount of hydrogen entering the tank during the electrolyzer shutdown delay and the guaranteed hydrogen consumption for methanol production, and can identify the risk of exceeding the limit for high inventory in hydrogen storage tanks in advance.

[0083] 5. This invention is applicable to the operating environment of offshore wind power with strong fluctuations. It can update the hydrogen storage threshold on a rolling basis according to wind power forecasts, thereby improving the offshore wind power absorption capacity and the continuity of methanol synthesis. Attached Figure Description

[0084] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0085] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the energy flow of an offshore wind power-to-methanol system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 2A flowchart of the dynamic threshold control method for hydrogen storage tanks provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, methanol dynamic access threshold, and high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold provided in embodiments of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the day-to-day rolling control process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0089] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0090] Example 1: In this Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, an optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage includes the following steps:

[0091] Step S1: Obtain the offshore wind power output, offshore wind power system power load, electrolyzer operating status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen filling flow in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen discharging flow in hydrogen storage tank, and operating status of methanol synthesis unit within the current scheduling time and future prediction window.

[0092] Step S2: Determine the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit.

[0093] Step S3: Determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window.

[0094] Step S4: Determine the methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window described in step S1. The methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window, and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit. Generate a dynamic methanol access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0095] Step S5: Based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window, generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold.

[0096] Step S6: Based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, methanol dynamic access threshold, and high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, determine the electrolyzer start / stop command, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging command, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop command.

[0097] In step S1, the hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is updated in the following manner:

[0098] (1);

[0099] in, The hydrogen storage tank inventory at time t; Let t be the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; Let t be the hydrogen discharge flow rate from the hydrogen storage tank. For hydrogen charging efficiency; For hydrogen release efficiency; This is the scheduling time interval.

[0100] The physical inventory of hydrogen storage tanks meets the following requirements:

[0101] (2);

[0102] in, This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0103] Specifically, in step S3, the low inventory protection window is a sub-window of the future prediction window, used to describe the time range from the current scheduling time until the electrolyzer recovers to its effective hydrogen production capacity;

[0104] The future prediction window Defined as:

[0105] (3);

[0106] Where t is the current scheduling period; This represents the number of scheduling periods included within the future forecast window;

[0107] The low inventory protection window Defined as:

[0108] (4);

[0109] Where τ represents the index of any discrete scheduling period in the future prediction window or its sub-window;

[0110] (5);

[0111] in, The number of scheduling periods required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen production state; Indicates rounding up; The time required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen-producing state; The scheduling time interval;

[0112] The actual number of time periods for the low inventory protection window is:

[0113] (6);

[0114] The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is used to determine whether the hydrogen storage tank is in a low inventory risk state; when the current hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, at least one of the following control actions is executed:

[0115] (1) The methanol synthesis unit shall not be allowed to enter the production state from the non-production state;

[0116] (2) Limit the load increase of the methanol synthesis unit;

[0117] (3) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells to enter standby mode;

[0118] (4) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers to enter the hydrogen production state;

[0119] (5) Increase the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit;

[0120] The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is determined as follows:

[0121] (7);

[0122] in, The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold at time t; This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the minimum hydrogen flow rate converted to the hydrogen storage tank side under the minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit; Hydrogen filling efficiency of hydrogen storage tanks; This is a low inventory protection window starting from time t; For the first time within the low inventory protection window The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period.

[0123] Specifically, in step S4, the methanol dynamic access threshold is calculated as follows:

[0124] (8);

[0125] in, Let t be the dynamic access threshold for methanol. This represents the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement for the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle. This represents the methanol access prediction window starting from time t. For the methanol access prediction window, the first The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period;

[0126] The minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit during the minimum continuous production cycle is determined as follows:

[0127] (9);

[0128] in, This represents the number of time periods within the methanol access prediction window.

[0129] When the current hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is higher than the methanol dynamic access threshold, the methanol synthesis unit is allowed to enter the production state from the non-production state; otherwise, the methanol synthesis unit is prohibited from entering the production state.

[0130] This dynamic methanol access threshold can dynamically adjust the current hydrogen storage inventory required for methanol startup based on the future availability of hydrogen replenishment capacity. When future hydrogen replenishment capacity is strong, the access threshold decreases; when future hydrogen replenishment capacity is weak, the access threshold increases; however, the access threshold shall not be lower than the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0131] Specifically, in step S5, the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold is determined as follows:

[0132] (10);

[0133] in, The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold at time t; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; This represents the number of time periods within the electrolytic cell shutdown hysteresis window. This represents the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank. This is a marker variable indicating whether the methanol synthesis unit is in a production state at time t;

[0134] The actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined as follows:

[0135] (11);

[0136] in, This represents the theoretical maximum hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer. This represents the maximum hydrogen filling flow rate for the hydrogen storage tank.

[0137] When the current hydrogen storage tank inventory is higher than the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, at least one of the following control actions will be executed:

[0138] a) It is prohibited to add new electrolyzers into hydrogen production mode;

[0139] b) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers in hydrogen-producing state to reduce hydrogen production power;

[0140] c) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers that are in hydrogen production state to switch to standby state;

[0141] d) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells that are in standby mode to switch to shutdown mode;

[0142] e) Increase the load on the methanol synthesis unit;

[0143] f) Reduce the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit.

[0144] Specifically, in step S1, the electrolyzer includes an alkaline electrolyzer, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, or a combination of an alkaline electrolyzer and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; the operating state of the electrolyzer includes a shutdown state, a standby state, and a hydrogen production state, and the switching of the operating state of the electrolyzer is subject to sequential constraints, and its state switching path should satisfy the logical relationship of "shutdown—standby—hydrogen production—standby—shutdown".

[0145] This embodiment introduces a low-inventory dynamic trigger threshold, a methanol dynamic access threshold, and a high-inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, enabling the hydrogen storage tank's operating boundaries to reflect future hydrogen replenishment capacity and equipment status changes. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0146] Specifically, Figure 3 Figure (a) illustrates the relationship between the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank and dynamic thresholds. The SOC curve represents the change in hydrogen inventory over time; the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold determines whether there is a risk of supply disruption due to low inventory; the methanol dynamic access threshold determines whether the methanol synthesis unit has the necessary hydrogen supply guarantees to transition from a non-production state to a production state; and the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold determines whether there is a risk of exceeding the high inventory limit due to delayed shutdown of the electrolyzer.

[0147] like Figure 3 As shown in (a), when the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank approaches or falls below the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, it indicates that the current hydrogen storage tank inventory is insufficient to reliably support the minimum hydrogen consumption demand of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, or that the future hydrogen replenishment capacity is insufficient. At this time, the system enters the low inventory protection logic, prohibiting the methanol synthesis unit from entering the production state from the non-production state, and controlling at least a portion of the electrolyzers to switch from the shutdown or standby state to the hydrogen production state to enhance the subsequent hydrogen replenishment capacity.

[0148] When the SOC (State of Charge) of the hydrogen storage tank reaches or exceeds the dynamic methanol access threshold, it indicates that the sum of the current hydrogen storage tank inventory and the available hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window is sufficient to meet the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle. At this point, the methanol synthesis unit has the hydrogen supply guarantee conditions to enter production mode, and the system allows the methanol synthesis unit to transition from a non-production state to a production state. If the carbon source supply of the methanol synthesis unit is limited, it is further necessary to ensure that the available carbon source supply within the methanol access prediction window is not less than the minimum carbon consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle.

[0149] When the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank approaches or exceeds the dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold for high inventory, it indicates that within the electrolyzer shutdown hysteresis window, the hydrogen storage tank may face the risk of exceeding the high inventory limit due to continued hydrogen input from the electrolyzer. At this point, the system enters the high inventory hydrogen shutdown control logic, prohibiting new electrolyzers from entering hydrogen production mode, and controlling electrolyzers already in hydrogen production mode to reduce their hydrogen production power, enter standby mode, or enter shutdown mode. Alternatively, while meeting the operating constraints of the methanol synthesis unit, the load of the methanol synthesis unit can be increased to increase hydrogen consumption and reduce the risk of high inventory in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0150] Figure 3 Figure (b) illustrates the coordinated switching process between the electrolyzer operating status and the methanol synthesis unit operating status as the SOC and dynamic threshold of the hydrogen storage tank change. The electrolyzer operating status includes shutdown, standby, and hydrogen production; the methanol synthesis unit operating status includes non-production and production. Figure 3 As shown in (b), when the hydrogen storage tank is in the low inventory risk range, the electrolyzer will switch to the hydrogen production state first, and the methanol synthesis unit is not allowed to start up. When the hydrogen storage tank meets the dynamic access conditions for methanol, the methanol synthesis unit is allowed to enter the production state. When the hydrogen storage tank is in the high inventory risk range, the electrolyzer will switch to the standby state or the shutdown state first, and the methanol synthesis unit can undertake the hydrogen consumption regulation role within the allowable load range.

[0151] Depend on Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 As can be seen from (b), this invention does not merely constrain the operation of hydrogen storage tanks by fixing upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage. Instead, it dynamically determines three control boundaries—low inventory protection, methanol access, and high inventory hydrogen shutdown—based on the hydrogen storage tank inventory, the electrolyzer state transition time, the future available hydrogen replenishment capacity, and the continuous production needs of the methanol synthesis unit. Based on these boundaries, it coordinates the operating states of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, and methanol synthesis unit, thereby reducing the risk of hydrogen storage tank supply interruption due to low inventory and the risk of exceeding limits due to high inventory, and improving the safety and continuous operation capability of the offshore wind power methanol production system under fluctuating wind power conditions.

[0152] Day-to-Day Rolling Control: This embodiment adopts a day-to-day coordinated control method, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0153] Based on the offshore wind power forecast scenario, methanol production plan, electrolyzer state constraints, and hydrogen storage tank dynamic thresholds, the following data was generated in the current phase:

[0154] Electrolyzer status plan; hydrogen storage tank inventory reference trajectory; methanol synthesis unit operation mode plan.

[0155] During the intraday phase, based on real-time offshore wind power output and updated wind power forecasts, the electrolyzer power, hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging flow rate, and methanol synthesis load for a future period are repeatedly calculated using a rolling window approach.

[0156] In this embodiment, the daily rolling window length is 4 hours, and the rolling step is 15 minutes. Each rolling calculation covers the control scheme for the next 4 hours, but only the control instructions for the first 15 minutes are executed. Subsequently, the hydrogen storage tank inventory and equipment status are updated, and the next rolling cycle begins.

[0157] Through this day-to-day rolling mechanism, the dynamic threshold of the hydrogen storage tank can be updated in real time according to the offshore wind power forecast correction, equipment status changes and methanol unit operating status.

[0158] Example 2: This example proposes an optimized scheduling system for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage. The system applies the steps described in this invention and includes:

[0159] The operation status module is configured to perform the following processes: obtain the offshore wind power output, system power load, electrolyzer operation status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen storage tank filling flow limit, hydrogen storage tank releasing flow limit, and methanol synthesis unit operation status within the current scheduling time and future forecast window.

[0160] The methanol synthesis unit is configured to perform the following process: determining the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit;

[0161] The low inventory protection window construction module is configured to perform the following process: determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window.

[0162] The methanol dynamic access threshold module is configured to perform the following process: determining a methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window, wherein the methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit; generating a methanol dynamic access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0163] The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold module is configured to perform the following process: generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window.

[0164] The instruction module is configured to execute the following process: determining the electrolyzer start / stop instruction, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging instruction, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop instruction based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, the methanol dynamic access threshold, and the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold.

[0165] Example 3: This example proposes an electronic system, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method steps of the present invention.

[0166] Example 4: This example proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in this invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0167] Example 5: This example proposes a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions. When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method described in this invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0168] It should be noted that the processing flow of embodiments 2-5 corresponds to the specific steps of the method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0169] The program code used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0170] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the offshore wind power output, offshore wind power system power load, electrolyzer operating status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen filling flow in hydrogen storage tank, upper limit of hydrogen discharging flow in hydrogen storage tank, and operating status of methanol synthesis unit within the current scheduling time and future prediction window. Step S2: Determine the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit. Step S3: Determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window. Step S4: Determine the methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window described in step S1. The methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window, and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit. Generate a dynamic methanol access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank. Step S5: Based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window, generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold. Step S6: Based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, methanol dynamic access threshold, and high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, determine the electrolyzer start / stop command, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging command, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop command.

2. The optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is updated in the following manner: （1）； in, The hydrogen storage tank inventory at time t; Let t be the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; Let t be the hydrogen discharge flow rate from the hydrogen storage tank. For hydrogen charging efficiency; For hydrogen release efficiency; The scheduling time interval; The physical inventory of hydrogen storage tanks meets the following requirements: (2); in, This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

3. The optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the low inventory protection window is a sub-window of the future prediction window, used to describe the time range from the current scheduling time until the electrolyzer recovers to its effective hydrogen production capacity; The future prediction window Defined as: （3）； Where t is the current scheduling period; This represents the number of scheduling periods included within the future forecast window; The low inventory protection window Defined as: （4）； Where τ represents the index of any discrete scheduling period in the future prediction window or its sub-window; （5）； in, The number of scheduling periods required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen production state; Indicates rounding up; The time required for the electrolyzer to recover from its current state to an effective hydrogen-producing state; The scheduling time interval; The actual number of time periods for the low inventory protection window is: （6）； The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is used to determine whether the hydrogen storage tank is in a low inventory risk state; when the current hydrogen inventory in the hydrogen storage tank is lower than the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, at least one of the following control actions is executed: 1) The methanol synthesis unit is prohibited from entering the production state from a non-production state; 2) Limit the load increase of the methanol synthesis unit; 3) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells to enter standby mode; 4) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers to enter the hydrogen production state; 5) Increase the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit; The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold is determined as follows: （7）； in, The low inventory dynamic trigger threshold at time t; This represents the minimum physical safety standard for hydrogen storage tanks; This is the minimum hydrogen flow rate converted to the hydrogen storage tank side under the minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit; Hydrogen filling efficiency of hydrogen storage tanks; This is a low inventory protection window starting from time t; For the first time within the low inventory protection window The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period.

4. The optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the dynamic access threshold for methanol is calculated as follows: （8）； in, Let t be the dynamic access threshold for methanol. This represents the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement for the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle. This represents the methanol access prediction window starting from time t. For the methanol access prediction window, the first The available hydrogen replenishment flow rate for each time period; The minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit during the minimum continuous production cycle is determined as follows: （9）； in, This represents the number of time periods within the methanol access prediction window.

5. The optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold is determined as follows: （10）； in, The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold at time t; This is the maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank; This represents the number of time periods within the electrolytic cell shutdown hysteresis window. This represents the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank. This is a marker variable indicating whether the methanol synthesis unit is in a production state at time t; The actual maximum loading capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is determined as follows: （11）； in, This represents the theoretical maximum hydrogen production capacity of the electrolyzer. This represents the maximum hydrogen filling flow rate for the hydrogen storage tank. When the current hydrogen storage tank inventory is higher than the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold, at least one of the following control actions will be executed: a) It is prohibited to add new electrolyzers into hydrogen production mode; b) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers in hydrogen-producing state to reduce hydrogen production power; c) Control at least a portion of the electrolyzers that are in hydrogen production state to switch to standby state; d) Control at least a portion of the electrolytic cells that are in standby mode to switch to shutdown mode; e) Increase the load on the methanol synthesis unit; f) Reduce the offshore wind power allocated to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit.

6. The optimized scheduling method for the joint operation of offshore wind power and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the electrolyzer includes an alkaline electrolyzer, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, or a combination of an alkaline electrolyzer and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; the operating state of the electrolyzer includes a shutdown state, a standby state, and a hydrogen production state, and the transition of the operating state of the electrolyzer is subject to sequential constraints, and its state switching path should satisfy the logical relationship of "shutdown-standby-hydrogen production-standby-shutdown".

7. An optimized scheduling system for the combined operation of offshore wind power and energy storage, characterized in that, The system comprising the steps of applying the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the system includes: The operation status module is configured to perform the following processes: obtain the offshore wind power output, system power load, electrolyzer operation status, hydrogen inventory in hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen storage tank filling flow limit, hydrogen storage tank releasing flow limit, and methanol synthesis unit operation status within the current scheduling time and future forecast window. The methanol synthesis unit is configured to perform the following process: determining the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle based on the minimum continuous production time and minimum production load of the methanol synthesis unit; The low inventory protection window construction module is configured to perform the following process: determine the low inventory protection window based on the start-up lag time of the electrolyzer recovering from a non-hydrogen-producing state to a hydrogen-producing state, and generate a low inventory dynamic trigger threshold based on the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank, the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the low inventory protection window, and the amount of hydrogen replenishment that can be implemented within the low inventory protection window. The methanol dynamic access threshold module is configured to perform the following process: determining a methanol access prediction window within the future prediction window, wherein the methanol access prediction window is all or part of the future prediction window and its length is not less than the minimum continuous production time of the methanol synthesis unit; generating a methanol dynamic access threshold based on the minimum hydrogen consumption requirement of the methanol synthesis unit within the minimum continuous production cycle, the amount of hydrogen replenishment within the methanol access prediction window, and the physical safety baseline of the hydrogen storage tank. The high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold module is configured to perform the following process: generate a high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold based on the shutdown lag time of the electrolyzer exiting from hydrogen production state to non-hydrogen production state, the actual maximum capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, and the conservative hydrogen consumption of the methanol synthesis unit within the shutdown lag window. The instruction module is configured to execute the following process: determining the electrolyzer start / stop instruction, the hydrogen storage tank charging / discharging instruction, and the methanol synthesis unit start / stop instruction based on the low inventory dynamic trigger threshold, the methanol dynamic access threshold, and the high inventory dynamic hydrogen shutdown threshold.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when invoked by a processor.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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