A method and system for evaluating the suitability of a roadbed slope for photovoltaic arrangement

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of roadbed slope photovoltaic layout suitability evaluation method and system, belong to traffic and new energy cross field, the present application fuses slope whole life cycle data, based on unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and digital twin technology constructs high-fidelity model, extracts spatial geometry and topographic parameter;Build comprehensive index system covering stability, traffic safety, photovoltaic suitability, respectively calculate slope safety factor and glare influence degree using limit equilibrium surrogate model, space-time dynamic ray tracing algorithm;Introduce three-control bottom line veto mechanism to exclude high-risk inefficient units, quantitatively evaluate and grade output suitable layout section by combination weighting-TOPSIS model.The present application can co-ordinate mechanical stability, driving safety and power generation benefit, avoid high-risk or inefficient site to be averaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the interdisciplinary field of transportation and new energy, specifically to a method and system for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on roadbed slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, highway roadside slopes have become a crucial spatial resource for photovoltaic (PV) deployment. However, slope PV is a complex, multi-disciplinary project, and its site selection assessment must comprehensively consider three core dimensions: roadbed slope stability, traffic safety, and PV suitability. Existing technologies currently suffer from significant fragmentation and shortcomings: (1) Regarding the stability of roadbed slopes, existing site selection methods often ignore the influence of photovoltaic brackets and panel additional loads on the mechanical balance of roadbed slopes. Furthermore, the traditional limit equilibrium method is cumbersome to calculate and difficult to quickly link with spatial terrain, lacking a fast solution method based on proxy models.

[0003] (2) Regarding traffic operation safety, application number CN202310552680 proposed a roadside photovoltaic site selection method that considers the impact of glare. The method calculates reflected light through matrix vectors and considers the stroboscopic effect. However, this method is a static verification at a specific moment and does not consider the continuous changes of solar altitude angle and azimuth angle throughout the year. It cannot quantify the actual cumulative time window proportion of glare interference with driving vision, and it fails to incorporate driving visibility distance and visual safety as independent safety indicators during the operation period into the comprehensive evaluation system.

[0004] (3) Regarding the suitability and evaluation logic of photovoltaic projects, existing technologies lack a comprehensive evaluation system that integrates the three aspects, and generally adopt a simple weighted scoring method. This leads to situations where extremely dangerous roadbed landslide areas or glare areas that seriously threaten driving safety may be weighted as suitable areas due to their high radiation levels. At the same time, existing technologies do not reject areas with extremely low radiation or extremely small areas that lack development value based on economic benefits, and lack a three-control bottom-line constraint mechanism that covers stability, traffic operation safety, and suitability. In addition, existing data acquisition relies heavily on single aerial photography and does not integrate design, construction, and maintenance data to build a digital twin foundation, resulting in insufficient data fidelity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this invention provides a method and system for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on roadbed slopes.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes includes the following steps: S1. Integrate multi-source heterogeneous data of the entire life cycle of highway subgrade slopes, construct a high-fidelity digital twin model based on UAV oblique photography and digital twin technology, and extract the spatial geometry and topographic geological parameters of the slope. S2. Divide the roadbed slope evaluation units, construct a comprehensive evaluation index system covering roadbed slope stability indicators, traffic operation safety indicators, and photovoltaic suitability indicators, and calculate the index values ​​for each dimension respectively; S3. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system, a three-control bottom line veto mechanism is introduced to screen for safety and efficiency. For the evaluation units that pass the screening, a combined weighting algorithm is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of each index. S4. Input the index data of each evaluation unit into the multi-dimensional evaluation model based on the comprehensive weight, output the photovoltaic deployment suitability level of each unit, and generate the decision result of the slope section suitable for photovoltaic deployment.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific method for fusing multi-source heterogeneous data and constructing a high-fidelity digital twin model in S1 is as follows: S11. Collect drawings and data on the highway subgrade slopes during the design phase, geological logging data during the construction phase, and monitoring data during the maintenance phase; S12. Generate a high-precision three-dimensional real-scene model through oblique photography of UAVs, and perform spatial coordinate registration and attribute association between the three-dimensional real-scene model and the design, construction and maintenance data to construct a digital twin model containing the surface geometry and internal geological soil layer distribution, and extract the slope spatial geometric boundary, rock and soil layering and mechanical parameters from it.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the roadbed slope stability index in S2 is as follows: A surrogate model pre-trained based on the limit equilibrium method is used. The slope geometric parameters and geotechnical parameters extracted from the digital twin model are input into the surrogate model to calculate the anti-sliding moment under natural conditions. and downward torque ; Calculate the increase in antislip moment caused by photovoltaic additional load. and the increase in downward torque Calculate the safety factor of roadbed slope based on moment balance relationship The calculation formula is: .

[0009] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating traffic operation safety indicators in S2 is as follows: Calculate any time based on astronomical algorithms solar altitude angle With azimuth Construct a dynamic incident light unit vector Its component expression is:

[0010] Based on the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules With azimuth Construct panel normal vectors Its component expression is:

[0011] In the formula, The dynamic incident light unit vector The amount, For panel normal vector The amount; Calculate the unit vector of the reflected light according to the specular reflection law. Define geometric constraint factors ,when The reflected light is determined to conform to physical laws by using a coordinate rotation transformation matrix. Will Transform to the horizontal coordinate system to obtain the elevation angle of the reflected ray. and azimuth ; Construct an adaptive visual cone model with the driver's eye as the vertex and the driving direction as the central axis, and a half field of view. For vehicle speed The decreasing function is calculated using the following formula:

[0012] Calculation time The angle between the direction of the reflected light and the direction of the driver's line of sight, when the angle is less than... The driver determines when the reflected light enters their field of vision. Calculate the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic modules driving speed The flicker frequency generated below The conversion formula is: ,when Time-determined triggering of strobe constraint; By iterating through the annual sunshine duration, the duration of time that simultaneously satisfies the visual cone collision and triggers the flicker constraint was counted, and the proportion of high-risk glare windows was calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0013] In the formula, P is the proportion of high-risk glare windows, T is the total annual sunshine duration, I(t) is the indicator function, which is 1 when both visual cone collision and stroboscopic constraint are triggered simultaneously, and 0 otherwise. Δt is the time step, and the glare impact degree GR is calculated synchronously based on the CIE glare index model.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the photovoltaic suitability index in S2 is as follows: The solar radiation on the tilted surface is calculated using the ASHRAE clear-sky model, and its expression is as follows:

[0015] In the formula, GTβ represents the solar radiation on the inclined surface. This represents the direct radiation on the inclined surface. This represents the amount of scattered radiation on the inclined surface. This refers to the amount of radiation reflected from the ground. The shadow distribution from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on the winter solstice was simulated using a digital twin model. The proportion of the cumulative shadow area to the total photovoltaic installation area was calculated to obtain the shadow shading rate. ; Geometric data of slope drainage ditches, maintenance access roads, and unstable rock areas are extracted from the digital twin model. The usable deployment area is then calculated after deducting these areas. .

[0016] Furthermore, the specific method for introducing the three-control bottom-line veto mechanism in S3 is as follows: Set a bottom-line veto condition for stability, when the slope safety factor At that time, it was determined that the evaluation unit was not suitable for photovoltaic deployment; Setting a minimum safety threshold for traffic operation and setting a veto condition for windows that pose a high risk of glare. or glare impact At that time, it was determined that the evaluation unit was not suitable for photovoltaic deployment; Setting a minimum suitability threshold for rejection, based on the annual solar radiation on the inclined surface. Shadow occlusion rate Or available layout area If any of the conditions are met, the evaluation unit is deemed unsuitable for photovoltaic deployment. When any bottom-line veto condition is triggered by the evaluation unit, an unsuitable conclusion is directly output and the subsequent evaluation process is terminated. Among them, the stability bottom line and the traffic operation safety bottom line are safety prerequisite constraints, and the suitability bottom line is an economic benefit constraint.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific method for outputting the suitability level in S4 is as follows: S41. Use the TOPSIS model to calculate the closeness of each evaluation unit to the optimal ideal solution. ; S42, Based on proximity Classifying suitability levels: when The area was extremely suitable at that time. When it is a suitable area, It was a barely suitable area at the time; S43. Visualize the suitability level and site selection decision recommendations for each slope section in the form of a heat map on the digital twin model.

[0018] A system for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes includes: The spatial data parsing module is used to perform step S1, integrate the full life cycle data of highway subgrade slopes and construct a digital twin model, and extract spatial geometric and topographic geological parameters; The index calculation engine module, which includes a limit equilibrium method proxy model submodule, a spatiotemporal dynamic ray tracing submodule, and an ASHRAE radiation calculation submodule, is used to execute the S2 step and couple the calculation of stability, traffic operation safety, and construction suitability index values. The intelligent assessment and decision-making module has a built-in three-control bottom-line veto device and a combined weighting-TOPSIS algorithm model, which is used to execute the S3 to S4 steps and output the suitability classification results and site selection decisions.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) It realizes full-cycle data fusion and digital twin drive, overcomes the defects of static and single traditional assessment data, incorporates construction and maintenance status into the assessment, and ensures the authenticity of the underlying data.

[0020] (2) It realizes the second-level solution of slope stability, introduces the limit equilibrium method proxy model, and compresses the traditional calculation that takes several hours to the millisecond level, supporting the batch and real-time screening of long-distance highway slopes.

[0021] (3) It achieves accurate spatiotemporal quantification of glare risk, coupled with dynamic vehicle speed, stroboscopic effect and annual time series integral, to truly reflect the time frequency of glare hazards in high-speed driving scenarios.

[0022] (4) A strict three-control bottom line veto mechanism has been established, setting insurmountable red lines from three dimensions: roadbed slope stability, traffic operation safety and photovoltaic suitability, thus completely eliminating the problem of fatal risks being averaged out by low-risk items or ineffective investment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A simplified flowchart of a method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes; Figure 2 A detailed flowchart of a method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the logic of the three-control bottom line veto; Figure 4 This is a diagram of the system architecture for evaluating the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0025] A method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes includes the following:

[0026] S1: Full Lifecycle Data Fusion and Digital Twin Foundation Construction. This involves fusing multi-source heterogeneous data generated throughout the entire lifecycle of highway subgrade slopes, including design, construction, and maintenance. High-resolution imagery is acquired using UAV oblique photogrammetry technology, and a high-precision 3D reality model is generated using realistic 3D modeling software. This reality model is then spatially registered and attribute-associated with design, construction, and maintenance data to construct a high-fidelity digital twin model that includes surface geometry, internal geological stratification, and mechanical parameters.

[0027] S2: Construction of a multi-dimensional evaluation index system and calculation of index values. Based on the digital twin model in step S1, the slope to be evaluated is divided into several continuous evaluation units, and a comprehensive evaluation index system covering stability index (A), traffic operation safety index (B), and photovoltaic suitability index (C) is constructed.

[0028] (1) Calculation of the stability index (A) of the roadbed slope An artificial neural network surrogate model pre-trained based on the limit equilibrium method is employed. The inputs to this surrogate model are the slope geometric parameters (slope height, slope angle) and geotechnical mechanical parameters (unit weight) extracted in step S1. Cohesion internal friction angle The output is the slope safety factor under the additional load of the photovoltaic panel. Offline training: Tens of thousands of slope conditions covering different slope heights, slope angles, and soil parameters are generated based on orthogonal experimental design. The natural safety factor for each condition is solved offline using classical limit equilibrium methods (such as Bishop's method). And the safety factor after considering photovoltaic load. This forms the training dataset.

[0029] Proxy model construction: Build a BP neural network with two hidden layers and train the network with the dataset until the prediction error is less than 1.0%.

[0030] Online prediction: For each evaluation unit, parameters are extracted directly from the digital twin model, input into the trained proxy model, and output within milliseconds. .

[0031] The corrected mechanical expression: To enhance physical interpretability, the safety factor can also be expressed as:

[0032] in, and These are the anti-slip torque and sliding torque in their natural state, respectively. and These represent the increments of anti-slip torque and sliding torque generated by the photovoltaic additional load, respectively.

[0033] (2) Calculation of traffic operation safety index (B) A spatiotemporal dynamic ray tracing and flicker constraint algorithm is used to quantify the interference of photovoltaic module reflected light on the driver's vision. The specific steps are as follows: S21: Spatial Vector Analysis: Calculating Any Time of Year Based on Astronomical Algorithms solar altitude angle With azimuth Construct a dynamic incident light unit vector Based on the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic modules With azimuth Construct panel normal vectors .

[0034] S22: Calculation of reflected light path: Calculate the unit vector of the reflected light according to the specular reflection law. Define geometric constraint factors. ,when When the value approaches 0, the reflected light is determined to conform to physical laws. This is achieved through a coordinate rotation transformation matrix. Will Transform to the horizontal geodetic coordinate system to obtain the elevation angle of the reflected ray. and azimuth .

[0035] S23: Adaptive View Frustum Collision Detection: Constructs a dynamic view frustum with the driver's eye as the apex and the driving direction as the central axis. Half field of view. Designed for vehicle speed Decreasing function: ,For example =6° at 100km / h. Calculation time The angle between the direction of the reflected light and the direction of the driver's line of sight; if this angle is less than... If so, it is determined that the reflected light has entered the driver's field of vision.

[0036] S24: Flicker Constraint Verification: When a vehicle passes over multiple photovoltaic arrays consecutively, a flickering effect with alternating bright and dark areas will occur. Calculate the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic modules. driving speed The flicker frequency generated below The conversion formula is: If 2.5Hz If the frequency is 15.0Hz, then the flicker constraint is triggered.

[0037] S25: Temporal integral quantization: Traverse the entire year's sunshine duration (from sunrise to sunset, with a step size of 15 minutes), for each moment... Execute steps S21-S24. Count the number of times that simultaneously meet the constraints of visibility within the field of view and triggering flicker, and calculate the proportion of high-risk glare windows:

[0038] in This is an indicator function (1 when triggered, 0 otherwise). For time step, This represents the total annual sunshine duration. Simultaneously, based on the CIE glare index model, the glare impact is calculated. , A score of >45 falls into the "unbearable" category.

[0039] (3) Calculation of photovoltaic suitability index (C) Solar radiation on inclined surface The calculations were performed using the ASHRAE clear sky model. ,in For direct radiation, It is scattered radiation. This represents ground-reflected radiation. The model input consists of the solar position parameters in S21 and the geographic information in step S1.

[0040] Shadow occlusion rate Using a digital twin model, a light projection algorithm was used to simulate the cumulative shadow area of ​​a photovoltaic panel from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. (critical sunshine period) on the winter solstice.

[0041] Available deployment area The actual geometric area available for installing photovoltaic panels after deducting slope drainage ditches, maintenance roads, and unstable rock areas from the digital twin model.

[0042] S3: Three-Control Bottom-Line Veto and Comprehensive Weight Calculation. A three-control bottom-line veto mechanism is introduced to conduct a pre-emptive rigid constraint screening of safety and effectiveness for each evaluation unit. For evaluation units that pass all three bottom-line screenings, a combined weighting algorithm is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of each indicator, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0043] Table 1

[0044] Logical relationship: Stability and traffic operation safety are prerequisite constraints for safety (sufficient conditions for veto), while the bottom line of suitability is a bottom line constraint for efficiency (necessary conditions for veto).

[0045] For assessment units that pass all three baseline screenings, a combined weighting algorithm (such as AHP-entropy weighting method) is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of each indicator to avoid the bias of subjective single weighting.

[0046] S4: Multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation and hierarchical output. The multi-dimensional index data of the evaluation units from step S3 are input into the combined weighted TOPSIS model to calculate the closeness of each unit to the optimal ideal solution. ,according to Value classification: Extremely suitable area: ≥0.8; Suitable range: 0.6≤ <0.8; Barely suitable zone: 0.4≤ <0.6.

[0047] Finally, the suitability level of photovoltaic deployment and detailed site selection decision recommendations for each slope section are intelligently and visually output on the digital twin model in the form of heat maps or thematic maps.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes includes the following steps: S1: By integrating UAV oblique photography point cloud data of a section of a highway from K15 to K20, construction geological logging (discovering a 4m thick weathered layer not revealed in the original design), and InSAR settlement data from the past 3 years, a digital twin model is constructed, and spatial geometry and geological soil layer models containing the weathered layer are extracted.

[0049] S2: Divide into 50 evaluation units and calculate the comprehensive index.

[0050] (1) Calculation of roadbed slope stability index (A): An artificial neural network surrogate model pre-trained based on the limit equilibrium method was adopted. The geometric and geological models of each unit were imported into the pre-trained BP neural network surrogate model, which can instantly output the safety factor of each unit under photovoltaic additional load. The corrected mechanical expression is:

[0051] in, and These are the anti-slip torque and sliding torque in their natural state, respectively. and These represent the increments of anti-slip torque and sliding torque generated by the photovoltaic additional load, respectively.

[0052] Calculation example: Due to the influence of the entire regolith layer, the natural anti-slip moment of unit K16+100. =1400kN·m, sliding torque =1100kN·m, considering the incremental sliding moment caused by the photovoltaic additional load. =50kN·m, and the increase in anti-slip torque After =10kN·m, =1.13.

[0053] (2) Calculation of traffic operation safety index (B): Spatiotemporal dynamic ray tracing and stroboscopic constraint algorithm is adopted, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: S21: Spatial Vector Analysis: Calculating the Solar Altitude Angle at Any Time of Year Based on Astronomical Algorithms and azimuth Construct a dynamic incident light unit vector Its components are: , , Based on the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic modules and azimuth Construct panel unit normal vector Its components are: , , .

[0054] S22: Calculation of reflected light path: Calculate the unit vector of the reflected light according to the specular reflection law. Define geometric constraint factors. ,when When the value approaches 0, the reflected light is determined to conform to physical laws. This is achieved through a coordinate rotation transformation matrix. Transform it to a horizontal geodetic coordinate system to obtain the elevation angle of the reflected ray. and azimuth .

[0055] S23: Adaptive View Cone Collision Detection: Constructing a dynamic view cone with the driver's eye as the apex and the driving direction as the central axis. Based on ergonomics, the driver's dynamic field of view narrows with increasing vehicle speed. According to relevant research data (horizontal field of view 60° at 70km / h, 40° at 100km / h), the half field of view angle... Designed as a decreasing function of vehicle speed:

[0056] in Vehicle speed, in km / h, half field of view. The unit is degrees. Calculation time. The angle between the direction of the reflected light and the direction of the driver's line of sight; if this angle is less than... If so, it is determined that the reflected light has entered the driver's field of vision.

[0057] S24: Stroboscopic Constraint Verification: When a vehicle passes over multiple photovoltaic arrays consecutively, a stroboscopic effect of alternating brightness and darkness will occur. The calculation is based on the array spacing. (m) and vehicle speed The flicker frequency is determined by (km / h) The conversion formula is:

[0058] If it falls within the range of [2.5Hz~15.0 Hz], then the flicker constraint is triggered.

[0059] S25: Time-series integral quantization: Traversing the annual sunshine duration (from sunrise to sunset, ...) (with a step size of 15 minutes), count the number of times that simultaneously satisfy both the visibility within the field of view and the triggering flicker constraint, and calculate the proportion of high-risk glare windows:

[0060] Meanwhile, the glare impact degree is calculated based on the CIE glare index model. .

[0061] Example calculation: Ray tracing on K17+200 elements. Vehicle speed. =100km / h, substituting into the formula, we get the half field of view. Array spacing =10m, flicker frequency =2.78Hz, falling within the [2.5Hz~15.0Hz] range, triggering flicker. The proportion of high-risk time windows was calculated by traversing the annual sunshine duration sequence. =6.8%, Glare Index =50.

[0062] (3) Calculation of Photovoltaic Suitability Index (C): The ASHRAE clear sky model is used to calculate the solar radiation on the inclined surface, which is the sum of direct radiation, diffuse radiation, and ground reflected radiation on the inclined surface. A digital twin model is used to calculate the shading rate, simulating the cumulative shadow area ratio from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM on the winter solstice. The usable deployment area should exclude slope drainage ditches, maintenance roads, and unstable rock areas.

[0063] Example calculation: Due to the mountain's obstruction, the annual radiation of unit K18+300 is... =750kWh / m 2 Shadow occlusion rate =45%, usable area =350m 2 .

[0064] S3: Three-control bottom-line veto and empowerment assessment, the logic is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0065] Unit K16+100: =1.13<1.2, triggering the bottom line for roadbed slope stability, a veto, and deemed unsuitable.

[0066] Unit K17+200: =6.8%>5% and =50>45, triggering the bottom line for traffic safety, a veto, deemed inappropriate.

[0067] Unit K18+300: Usable Area =350m 2 >100m 2 However, annual radiation =750kWh / m 2 <800kWh / m 2 Shadow occlusion rate =45% > 40%, triggering the suitability threshold, resulting in a veto and being deemed unsuitable.

[0068] For the remaining units that did not trigger the bottom line, the AHP-entropy weighting method was used for combined weighting.

[0069] S4: The TOPSIS method was used to calculate the proximity score, and the segmentation was extremely appropriate. ≥0.8), suitable (0.6≤ <0.8) and barely adequate (0.4≤ <0.6), generate a location decision map.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a suitability assessment system for photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes, comprising: a spatial data parsing module for integrating data to extract parameters; an index calculation engine module for coupling and calculating indicators of various dimensions; and an intelligent assessment and decision module for outputting graded results and decisions.

[0071] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0072] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0074] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in this invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Integrate multi-source heterogeneous data of the entire life cycle of highway subgrade slopes, construct a high-fidelity digital twin model based on UAV oblique photography and digital twin technology, and extract the spatial geometry and topographic geological parameters of the slope. S2. Divide the roadbed slope evaluation units, construct a comprehensive evaluation index system covering roadbed slope stability indicators, traffic operation safety indicators, and photovoltaic suitability indicators, and calculate the index values ​​for each dimension respectively; S3. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system, a three-control bottom line veto mechanism is introduced to screen for safety and efficiency. For the evaluation units that pass the screening, a combined weighting algorithm is used to calculate the comprehensive weight of each index. S4. Input the index data of each evaluation unit into the multi-dimensional evaluation model based on the comprehensive weight, output the photovoltaic deployment suitability level of each unit, and generate the decision result of the slope section suitable for photovoltaic deployment.

2. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for fusing multi-source heterogeneous data and constructing a high-fidelity digital twin model in S1 is as follows: S11. Collect drawings and data on the highway subgrade slopes during the design phase, geological logging data during the construction phase, and monitoring data during the maintenance phase; S12. Generate a high-precision three-dimensional real-scene model through UAV oblique photography, and perform spatial coordinate registration and attribute association between the three-dimensional real-scene model and the design, construction and maintenance data to construct a digital twin model containing the surface geometry and internal geological soil layer distribution, and extract the slope spatial geometric boundary, rock and soil layering and mechanical parameters from it.

3. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the roadbed slope stability index in S2 is as follows: A surrogate model pre-trained based on the limit equilibrium method is used. The slope geometric parameters and geotechnical parameters extracted from the digital twin model are input into the surrogate model to calculate the anti-sliding moment under natural conditions. and downward torque ; Calculate the increase in antislip moment caused by photovoltaic additional load. and the increase in downward torque Calculate the safety factor of roadbed slope based on moment balance relationship The calculation formula is: 。 4. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating traffic operation safety indicators in S2 is as follows: Calculate any time based on astronomical algorithms solar altitude angle With azimuth Construct a dynamic incident light unit vector Its component expression is: Based on the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules With azimuth Construct panel normal vectors Its component expression is: In the formula, The dynamic incident light unit vector The amount, For panel normal vector The amount; Calculate the unit vector of the reflected light according to the specular reflection law. Define geometric constraint factors ,when The reflected light is determined to conform to physical laws by using a coordinate rotation transformation matrix. Will Transform to the horizontal coordinate system to obtain the elevation angle of the reflected ray. and azimuth ; Construct an adaptive visual cone model with the driver's eye as the vertex and the driving direction as the central axis, and a half field of view. For vehicle speed The decreasing function is calculated using the following formula: Calculation time The angle between the direction of the reflected light and the direction of the driver's line of sight, when the angle is less than... The driver determines when the reflected light enters their field of vision. Calculate the spacing between adjacent photovoltaic modules driving speed The flicker frequency generated below The conversion formula is: ,when Time-determined triggering of strobe constraint; By iterating through the annual sunshine duration, the duration of time that simultaneously satisfies the visual cone collision and triggers the flicker constraint was counted, and the proportion of high-risk glare windows was calculated. The calculation formula is: In the formula, P is the proportion of high-risk glare windows, T is the total annual sunshine duration, I(t) is the indicator function, which is 1 when both visual cone collision and stroboscopic constraint are triggered simultaneously, and 0 otherwise. Δt is the time step, and the glare impact degree GR is calculated synchronously based on the CIE glare index model.

5. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the photovoltaic suitability index in S2 is as follows: The solar radiation on the tilted surface is calculated using the ASHRAE clear-sky model, and its expression is as follows: In the formula, GTβ represents the solar radiation on the inclined surface. This represents the direct radiation on the inclined surface. This represents the amount of scattered radiation on the inclined surface. This refers to the amount of radiation reflected from the ground. The shadow distribution from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on the winter solstice was simulated using a digital twin model. The proportion of the cumulative shadow area to the total photovoltaic installation area was calculated to obtain the shadow shading rate. ; Geometric data of slope drainage ditches, maintenance access roads, and unstable rock areas are extracted from the digital twin model. The usable deployment area is then calculated after deducting these areas. .

6. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for introducing the three-control bottom-line veto mechanism in S3 is as follows: Set a bottom-line veto condition for stability, when the slope safety factor At that time, it was determined that the evaluation unit was not suitable for photovoltaic deployment; Setting a minimum safety threshold for traffic operation and setting a veto condition for windows that pose a high risk of glare. or glare impact At that time, it was determined that the evaluation unit was not suitable for photovoltaic deployment; Setting a minimum suitability threshold for rejection, based on the annual solar radiation on the inclined surface. Shadow occlusion rate Or available layout area If any of the conditions are met, the evaluation unit is deemed unsuitable for photovoltaic deployment. When any bottom-line veto condition is triggered by the evaluation unit, an unsuitable conclusion is directly output and the subsequent evaluation process is terminated. Among them, the stability bottom line and the traffic operation safety bottom line are safety prerequisite constraints, and the suitability bottom line is an economic benefit constraint.

7. The method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for outputting the suitability level in S4 is as follows: S41. Use the TOPSIS model to calculate the closeness of each evaluation unit to the optimal ideal solution. ; S42, Based on proximity Classifying suitability levels: when The area was extremely suitable at that time. When it is a suitable area, It was a barely suitable area at the time; S43. Visualize the suitability level and site selection decision recommendations for each slope section in the form of a heat map on the digital twin model.

8. An evaluation system for performing the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The spatial data parsing module is used to perform step S1, integrate the full life cycle data of highway subgrade slopes and construct a digital twin model, and extract spatial geometric and topographic geological parameters; The index calculation engine module, which includes a limit equilibrium method proxy model submodule, a spatiotemporal dynamic ray tracing submodule, and an ASHRAE radiation calculation submodule, is used to execute the S2 step and couple the calculation of stability, traffic operation safety, and construction suitability index values. The intelligent assessment and decision-making module has a built-in three-control bottom-line veto device and a combined weighting-TOPSIS algorithm model, which is used to execute the S3 to S4 steps and output the suitability classification results and site selection decisions.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for assessing the suitability of photovoltaic deployment on highway subgrade slopes as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images