A carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full life cycle data

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of carbon footprint authentication systems of energy storage lithium battery based on full life cycle data, belong to lithium battery carbon footprint authentication technical field, including full life cycle data acquisition module, block chain storage network, carbon footprint calculation intelligent contract, decryption module, battery digital passport generation engine, cross-border verifiable authentication module and authentication report automatic generation module, through homomorphic encryption and block chain storage, while protecting the commercial privacy of each node of supply chain, realize the ciphertext aggregation calculation and tamper-proof storage of full life cycle carbon emission data;Using zero-knowledge proof to generate verifiable digital certificate, so that the verifier verifies the authenticity of carbon footprint without touching the original data;The application realizes the complete accounting and cross-border mutual recognition of the full life cycle carbon footprint of energy storage lithium battery, and can effectively deal with green barriers in export trade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery carbon footprint certification technology, and in particular to a carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full life cycle data. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the global energy transition and the "dual carbon" goal, lithium-ion batteries, as the core carrier of electrochemical energy storage, have seen their export volume continue to expand. However, international trade barriers are rapidly evolving towards green and digitalization. For example, the EU's Battery and Waste Battery Regulation (EU 2023 / 1542) not only requires mandatory carbon footprint declarations for energy storage batteries entering the EU market from 2025, but also sets phased maximum carbon footprint thresholds and performance level requirements. Furthermore, it stipulates that from 2027, battery products must be equipped with digital passports, and carbon footprint declarations are a mandatory disclosure requirement.

[0003] While existing technologies support carbon footprint calculation and certification to some extent, significant technical bottlenecks remain in the following three aspects when facing complex application scenarios such as energy storage lithium batteries, which involve long chains, multiple stakeholders, and high sensitivity: First, collecting heterogeneous data across the entire lifecycle is difficult, and there is a lack of accurate accounting mechanisms for dynamic factors. The entire lifecycle of energy storage lithium batteries covers a long chain, from ore mining, precursor synthesis, cell manufacturing to system integration, transportation, energy storage power station operation, secondary utilization, and even recycling. Data is scattered across the independent information systems of various companies in the supply chain, and in different formats (including structured production line energy consumption data, unstructured document images, etc.). Existing certification methods mostly rely on post-event statistical reports, lacking real-time collection and standardized conversion methods for raw data. In addition, the carbon emissions of batteries during the usage phase are highly dependent on the real-time energy structure of the power grid, while existing technologies often use static average emission factors, which are difficult to accurately reflect the actual carbon emission reduction contribution of batteries based on dynamic grid factors throughout the entire charge and discharge cycle, leading to discrepancies between the accounting results and the actual environmental impact.

[0004] Second, there is an irreconcilable contradiction between data privacy protection and certification transparency. Energy and material consumption data at each stage of battery manufacturing (such as BMS operation logs and core formulas) constitute core trade secrets for enterprises. Existing centralized data aggregation and certification methods require enterprises to upload raw data to a central server, which easily leads to data leakage risks, resulting in low cooperation from supply chain enterprises and potential breakpoints in the entire lifecycle data chain. Although some solutions attempt to introduce privacy computing, they mostly remain at the theoretical level, lacking systematic solutions for heterogeneous data scenarios in energy storage batteries, and failing to achieve trusted cross-enterprise aggregation while ensuring data is "usable but not visible."

[0005] Third, the lack of decentralized technology to support cross-border mutual recognition of certification results makes it difficult to address differences in international standards. After batteries are exported, customs or regulatory agencies in the importing country need to verify the authenticity of the carbon footprint certification results. Existing certifications mostly use paper certificates or centralized electronic documents, which are prone to forgery and difficult to verify. At the same time, due to differences in accounting boundaries, functional unit definitions, and emission factor databases between domestic and international markets, existing centralized platforms struggle to overcome standard barriers. Verification parties often rely on the credibility of certification bodies, lacking a technological means that does not depend on a single trusted center and can simultaneously verify data integrity and compliance (such as whether specific thresholds are met).

[0006] In summary, existing technologies are insufficient to simultaneously meet the complex technical requirements of export trade regarding the integrity of data throughout its entire lifecycle, commercial privacy and security, accuracy of dynamic accounting, and cross-border verifiability of certification results. There is an urgent need for a blockchain-based lithium battery carbon footprint certification system to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full life cycle data, in order to solve the problem that existing technologies are unable to simultaneously meet the complex technical requirements of full life cycle data integrity, commercial privacy protection, dynamic accounting accuracy, and cross-border verifiability of certification results when dealing with export trade barriers.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full lifecycle data, comprising: The full life cycle data acquisition module is used to collect raw data at each stage of the acquisition, manufacturing, use, cascade utilization and recycling of energy storage lithium batteries, and convert the heterogeneous data in the raw data into a unified carbon emission accounting input format, and send the converted data to the blockchain evidence storage network. The blockchain evidence storage network includes blockchain clients deployed on each node. The blockchain clients receive data sent by the full lifecycle data collection module, calculate hash values ​​for non-sensitive data in the original data and upload them, and generate intermediate calculation results for original data involving trade secrets after homomorphic encryption and upload them, while storing the hash of the original data as evidence. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract is deployed on the blockchain evidence storage network to obtain intermediate calculation results in the blockchain evidence storage network. In the encrypted state, it performs homomorphic aggregation operation on the intermediate calculation results to obtain the encrypted results of carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle and records them in the blockchain evidence storage network. The decryption module connects to the blockchain evidence storage network and is used to obtain the encrypted results of the full life cycle carbon emissions from the blockchain evidence storage network under authorized conditions, decrypt the encrypted results of the full life cycle carbon emissions to obtain the plaintext carbon footprint results, and send the plaintext carbon footprint results to the battery digital passport generation engine. The battery digital passport generation engine connects to the decryption module and the blockchain evidence storage network. It receives plaintext carbon footprint results sent by the decryption module, extracts related data from the blockchain evidence storage network based on the battery's unique digital identifier, and generates a battery digital passport containing a carbon footprint declaration in a preset format. The cross-border verifiable authentication module connects to the battery digital passport generation engine to obtain carbon footprint certification results from the engine, encapsulates these results into verifiable digital certificates, and generates zero-knowledge proofs. This allows the verifier to verify the authenticity and completeness of the carbon footprint certification results without obtaining the original data.

[0009] Preferably, the carbon footprint calculation smart contract has a built-in carbon emission accounting model, which calculates the total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle according to the following formula: ; in, The total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle. The index is based on lifecycle stages, including six stages: raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use, secondary use, and recycling. For the first Phase 1 Activity data for this type of activity For the corresponding emission factors, This represents the global warming potential of greenhouse gases. For the first Energy loss during each charge-discharge cycle Charge and discharge times Dynamic carbon emission factors of the power grid; The carbon footprint calculation smart contract performs encrypted aggregation operations based on homomorphically encrypted activity data, emission factors, and dynamic grid factors in encrypted state. In the encrypted aggregation operation, emission factors and global warming potential values ​​are used in plaintext form, while activity data and energy loss data are used in encrypted form. The multiplication operation is a scalar multiplication of encrypted and plaintext data.

[0010] Preferably, the unified conversion of heterogeneous data by the full life cycle data acquisition module includes: converting structured production line energy consumption data, time-series charge and discharge data in the battery management system operation log, and numerical information extracted from unstructured document images through optical character recognition into a carbon emission accounting input format normalized to battery functional units; and using homomorphic encryption to support ciphertext aggregation operations for numerical data, and extracting hash digests from non-numerical data for encrypted storage.

[0011] Preferably, the battery digital passport generated by the battery digital passport generation engine adopts a serialization format that conforms to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credential standard, embeds a carbon footprint declaration, a recycled material content declaration, and supply chain due diligence proof, and is bound to the battery's physical identifier, supporting offline verification and online updates.

[0012] Preferably, the serialization format conforming to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credentials standard is JSON-LD format.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-border verifiable authentication module specifically includes: The credential encapsulation unit is used to encapsulate carbon footprint certification results according to the World Wide Web Consortium Verifiable Credentials Standard. The zero-knowledge proof generation unit is used to generate zero-knowledge evidence that proves the carbon footprint certification results are true, complete, and computationally compliant. The verification interface unit is used to provide the verifier with a QR code or public node link, enabling the verifier to perform non-interactive verification using zero-knowledge evidence.

[0014] Preferably, the zero-knowledge evidence generated by the zero-knowledge proof generation unit satisfies the following verification relationship: ; in, For common parameters, For public input, this includes a hash commitment to carbon footprint certification results, a threshold for the proportion of primary data required by regulations, and a threshold for the declaration of recycled material content. For the generated zero-knowledge evidence; verify that the algorithm outputs 1 if and only if there exists a secret input satisfying the following circuit constraints. , Secret Input The following constraints must be met: Secret Input The following constraints must be met: It includes intermediate computation results from each node in the supply chain, which are homomorphically encrypted. Verify secret input The carbon footprint commitments included and publicly available inputs The hash commitment values ​​contained therein match; Verify secret input The total carbon footprint included is based on secret inputs calculated using a carbon emissions accounting model. It is calculated using intermediate calculation results included in the calculation; Verify that the proportion of data collected at each stage meets the regulatory threshold. Verify that the content of recycled materials meets the declared threshold; Circuit constraints are transformed into arithmetic circuits, zero-knowledge evidence. This is a zero-knowledge proof generated based on arithmetic circuits.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes an automatic certification report generation module: used to automatically generate a carbon footprint certification report that conforms to the regulatory format of the target market based on the decrypted plaintext carbon footprint results and data integrity verification information, and attach a verifiable digital certificate and a battery digital passport.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention deploys blockchain clients at each lifecycle node to classify and process the original data (non-sensitive data is hashed and uploaded to the chain, sensitive data is homomorphically encrypted and then uploaded with intermediate calculation results, while the original data is hashed and stored as evidence). The system constructs a full lifecycle data lineage chain without aggregating the original data from all parties, thus resolving the contradiction between data integrity assurance and trade secret protection. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract performs homomorphic aggregation operations in encrypted state, ensuring that certification authorities can only obtain the aggregated carbon footprint results and cannot reverse the original data of a single node.

[0017] (2) Through the collaboration of the battery digital passport generation engine and the cross-border verifiable certification module, the certification result is encapsulated into a verifiable digital certificate. The zero-knowledge evidence generated by the system enables the verifier to independently verify the authenticity and calculation compliance of the carbon footprint result without obtaining the original energy consumption data of the supply chain, thus solving the trust problem in the cross-border transmission of certification results in the export scenario.

[0018] (3) The battery digital passport generation engine of the present invention generates a digital passport for each energy storage lithium battery system, which includes an embedded carbon footprint declaration, a recycled material content declaration, and a supply chain due diligence certificate. The passport is also bound to the battery's physical identifier and supports offline verification and online updates. When the battery enters the secondary use or recycling stage, new life cycle data can be added to the blockchain evidence storage network. The carbon footprint accounting results and the digital passport content are updated synchronously, realizing dynamic tracking of the carbon footprint throughout the entire life cycle.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the architecture of a carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full lifecycle data, as described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the zero-knowledge proof circuit constraint transformation of an energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely illustrates selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] Example like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full life cycle data. It consists of seven organically linked parts: a full life cycle data acquisition module, a blockchain evidence storage network, a carbon footprint calculation smart contract, a decryption module, a battery digital passport generation engine, a cross-border verifiable certification module, and an automatic certification report generation module. These modules work together to achieve a closed-loop process from data generation, trusted evidence storage, carbon footprint calculation under privacy protection, automatic issuance of digital passports, to cross-border privacy-verifiable certification.

[0023] This embodiment is not an improvement on the carbon footprint accounting rules themselves, but rather provides a system architecture that ensures the security and reliable verification of carbon footprint accounting data. Its technical contribution lies in solving technical problems such as data privacy, data integrity, and cross-border trust in the carbon footprint certification process through a specific combination and adaptive design of information technology means such as blockchain notarization, homomorphic encryption, and zero-knowledge proof.

[0024] The full lifecycle data acquisition module serves as the system's data entry point, responsible for collecting raw data across six lifecycle stages of energy storage lithium batteries: raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use, secondary utilization, and recycling. This data is acquired through various methods, including IoT gateways, industrial data interfaces, and manual data entry terminals. The collected raw data is diverse, encompassing structured data (such as power consumption records from the cathode material sintering process and current-voltage time-series curves from cell formation equipment), semi-structured data (such as charge-discharge cycle logs and ambient temperature records from the battery management system), and unstructured data (such as scanned images of lithium concentrate purchase invoices, video recordings of the dismantling process of scrapped batteries, and PDF files of logistics and transportation documents).

[0025] To address the technical challenge of heterogeneous data not being directly integrated into unified accounting, this module incorporates a data standardization unit. This unit employs differentiated conversion strategies for different data types: for structured production line energy consumption data, numerical values ​​are directly extracted and normalized according to preset functional units, for example, all energy consumption is uniformly converted to the value corresponding to "energy storage capacity per kilowatt-hour"; for time-series charge / discharge data in the battery management system's operation logs, it is segmented and aggregated according to charge / discharge cycles, extracting the charging capacity, discharging capacity, auxiliary power consumption, and health status degradation rate for each cycle; for unstructured document images, an optical character recognition engine is used to extract key numerical information such as date, material name, quantity, and origin, converting the extracted results into structured records.

[0026] All standardized data is uniformly organized into a six-tuple format: "data lifecycle stage, data type code, value, unit of measurement, timestamp, and data source node identifier," which is a unified input format for carbon emission accounting. After conversion, this module packages the standardized data and sends it to the blockchain evidence storage network.

[0027] The blockchain-based evidence storage network serves as the system's data foundation, responsible for the trusted storage and tamper-proof protection of data throughout its entire lifecycle. This network comprises blockchain clients deployed at various lifecycle nodes and cloud-based consensus nodes, built using a consortium blockchain architecture. Each participating node must undergo identity authentication before accessing the network.

[0028] After receiving standardized data from the full lifecycle data collection module, the blockchain client processes the data according to a pre-defined data classification strategy: For non-sensitive data, such as basic information like product model, manufacturing date, and shipping method, the blockchain client directly calculates the SHA-256 hash value of the data, packages the hash value and the corresponding metadata into a transaction, attaches the digital signature of this node, broadcasts it to the blockchain network, and writes it into a block after consensus.

[0029] For raw data involving trade secrets, such as the actual power consumption of the cathode material sintering process, the electrolyte injection volume, the process parameters of the formation equipment, and the daily revenue data of the energy storage power station, the blockchain client uses a homomorphic encryption algorithm to encrypt the data and generate intermediate calculation results. Specifically, in this embodiment, numerical data is encrypted using the Paillier homomorphic encryption scheme. The Paillier scheme has additive homomorphic properties, meaning that for any two plaintext numerical values... and and its corresponding ciphertext and ,satisfy ,in This represents multiplication operations in the ciphertext space. Additionally, the Paillier scheme supports scalar multiplication, meaning that for any plaintext value... and constant ,satisfy The encrypted data generates ciphertext, which serves as the intermediate computation result. The blockchain client uploads the encrypted intermediate computation result to the blockchain while simultaneously storing the hash value of the original data separately. This dual-proof mechanism ensures both the non-repudiation of the data and avoids the direct exposure of the original data.

[0030] The hash values, intermediate calculation results, and timestamps uploaded by each node are all associated with the battery batch identifier, forming a complete lifecycle data lineage chain from raw material acquisition to recycling. This lineage chain records the upload order and source node of each piece of data, providing an immutable audit trail for subsequent data integrity verification during authentication.

[0031] The carbon footprint calculation smart contract, deployed on a blockchain evidence storage network, is used to obtain intermediate calculation results from the network. In encrypted form, it performs homomorphic aggregation operations on these intermediate results to obtain the encrypted result of the entire lifecycle carbon emissions, which is then recorded on the blockchain evidence storage network. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract is on-chain program code deployed on the blockchain evidence storage network, undertaking the core computational function of completing the aggregation calculation of the entire lifecycle carbon emissions under privacy protection conditions. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract is deployed by a certification authority during system initialization; after deployment, its execution logic is publicly verifiable but cannot be altered.

[0032] The carbon footprint calculation smart contract has a built-in carbon emission accounting model, which calculates the total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle according to the following formula: ; in, The total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle are expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent. The index is for life cycle stages, with 1 to 6 corresponding to the six stages of raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use, secondary utilization, and recycling, respectively. For the first Phase 1 Activity data for this type of activity For the corresponding emission factors, This represents the global warming potential of greenhouse gases. For the first Energy loss during each charge-discharge cycle Charge and discharge times Dynamic carbon emission factors of the power grid; The process of the contract performing ciphertext aggregation operations is as follows: First, the contract reads the intermediate ciphertext calculation results uploaded by each node from the blockchain; second, utilizing the scalar multiplication property of the Paillier scheme, it performs ciphertext aggregation operations on each item... The encrypted text performs an exponential operation, converting the plaintext emission factor... and global warming potential Multiply by these scalars in sequence, that is, calculate... Similarly, for each item Perform scalar multiplication on the ciphertext to calculate Finally, utilizing the additive homomorphism property of the Paillier scheme, the ciphertext results of all scalar multiplications are aggregated sequentially through ciphertext multiplication operations, i.e., the process is executed. Finally, the encrypted result of the total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle is obtained, i.e. .

[0033] Regarding dynamic carbon emission factors of power grid To obtain this information, the system deploys oracle contracts on the blockchain network. These oracle contracts interface with data interfaces of power trading centers or authoritative environmental data platforms, periodically capturing the marginal emission factors of the power grid nodes within each time period and writing them into the public data area of ​​the blockchain. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract, upon execution, calculates the carbon footprint based on the time frame... The corresponding factor values ​​are automatically retrieved for calculation.

[0034] The decryption module is an independent computing unit that establishes a secure connection with the blockchain evidence storage network and is deployed in the trusted execution environment of the certification authority. It is used to obtain the encrypted results of the entire life cycle carbon emissions from the blockchain evidence storage network under authorized conditions, decrypt the encrypted results of the entire life cycle carbon emissions to obtain the plaintext carbon footprint results, and send the plaintext carbon footprint results to the battery digital passport generation engine. This module holds the private key of the Paillier homomorphic encryption scheme. The private key is generated by the certification authority during system initialization and is securely stored in the hardware security module.

[0035] When a certification body needs to review carbon footprint results or issue a formal certification report, the decryption module retrieves the encrypted results of the entire lifecycle carbon emissions from the blockchain evidence storage network through an authorized interface. The system uses the private key in the hardware security module to perform a decryption operation, obtaining the plaintext carbon footprint result. The decryption process is completed in a trusted execution environment, and the decrypted plaintext result is not exposed to external networks. After decryption, the decryption module sends the plaintext carbon footprint result to the battery digital passport generation engine through a secure channel.

[0036] The battery digital passport generation engine is the core module output by this system, responsible for generating digital credentials for each energy storage lithium battery system throughout its entire life cycle.

[0037] The battery digital passport generation engine connects with the decryption module and the blockchain evidence storage network. After receiving the plaintext carbon footprint results from the decryption module, the engine extracts the full lifecycle data associated with the battery's unique digital identifier from the blockchain evidence storage network. This unique digital identifier is generated when the battery leaves the factory, uses a globally unique identifier standard, and is physically bound to the battery module via a QR code or RFID tag.

[0038] The battery digital passport generation engine organizes the extracted data into a digital passport that conforms to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credential standard. In this implementation, the digital passport is serialized using the JSON-LD format. JSON-LD is a lightweight linked data format based on JSON, which provides clear semantic descriptions and contextual definitions while maintaining machine readability, facilitating interoperability between different systems. The digital passport embeds a carbon footprint declaration (including total carbon emissions over the entire lifecycle and their phased composition), a recycled material content declaration (including the weight percentage of recycled materials in each key material), and supply chain due diligence documentation (including supplier identity information and data submission timestamps at each stage).

[0039] The generated battery digital passport is stored on a decentralized storage network, and its content hash value is recorded on a blockchain notarization network, ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the passport content and the notarization record. Any entity holding the battery's physical identifier can verify the digital passport content offline or online by scanning a QR code or accessing a public node of the system.

[0040] The cross-border verifiable certification module is a key component for the system to achieve cross-border mutual recognition of certification results. It connects with the battery digital passport generation engine, obtains carbon footprint certification results from the battery digital passport generation engine, and converts them into digital certificates that can be independently verified by regulatory agencies in importing countries.

[0041] The cross-border verifiable authentication module specifically includes three sub-units: a credential encapsulation unit, a zero-knowledge proof generation unit, and a verification interface unit.

[0042] The credential encapsulation unit is responsible for encapsulating the carbon footprint certification results according to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credential standard. The encapsulated verifiable digital certificate contains three parts of information: certificate metadata (including issuing authority, issuance time, and validity period), certification statement (including total carbon footprint value, carbon emissions at each stage, and data integrity verification status), and proof (i.e., cryptographic proof generated by the zero-knowledge proof generation unit).

[0043] The technical implementation of the zero-knowledge proof generation unit is the key to this embodiment. The zero-knowledge proof generated by the zero-knowledge proof generation unit satisfies the following verification relationship: ; in, These are common parameters generated during the system initialization phase via a secure multi-party computation protocol. For public input, this includes a hash commitment to carbon footprint certification results, a threshold for the proportion of primary data required by regulations, and a threshold for the declaration of recycled material content. For the generated zero-knowledge evidence; verify that the algorithm outputs 1 if and only if there exists a secret input satisfying the following circuit constraints. , Secret Input The following constraints must be met: Secret Input The following constraints must be met: It includes the intermediate computation results of each node in the supply chain after homomorphic encryption, proving that the data on which the authentication is based was indeed submitted by each node in the supply chain; Verify secret input The carbon footprint commitments included and publicly available inputs The hash commitment value contained therein matches, proving that the carbon footprint data to be verified is consistent with the on-chain evidence data and has not been replaced or tampered with; Verify secret input The total carbon footprint included is based on secret inputs calculated using a carbon emissions accounting model. The results are derived from intermediate calculations, proving that the carbon footprint results are calculated according to the prescribed model and are not arbitrarily filled in. Verify that the proportion of primary data at each stage meets the regulatory threshold, and prove that the proportion of primary data on which the certification is based meets the regulatory requirements of the target market; Verifying that the content of recycled materials meets the declared threshold proves that the battery company's statement regarding the content of recycled materials is true and credible.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, to implement the above verification logic, the zero-knowledge proof generation unit first transforms the constraints into arithmetic circuits. In this embodiment, the Plonk zero-knowledge proof protocol is used. The Plonk protocol, based on polynomial commitment and permutation argumentation, has the advantages of general settings, small proof size, and short verification time. The specific transformation process is as follows: the addition and scalar multiplication operations in the carbon emission accounting formula are compiled into addition gates and multiplication gates, the threshold comparison operation is compiled into a combination of subtraction gates and sign judgment gates, and the input-output relationship of all gates is encoded into polynomial constraints. Zero-knowledge evidence is generated through the Plonk protocol. The certifier (i.e., this system) provides the verifier with... and public input The verifier can verify without obtaining the secret input. Under the premise of [condition], complete the verification of the satisfaction of all constraints.

[0045] The verification interface unit is responsible for providing a convenient verification entry point for the verifier. The verifier obtains public input by scanning the QR code on the battery digital passport or accessing the system's public node link. and zero-knowledge evidence The verification algorithm is run locally or online to obtain a clear conclusion of "verification passed" or "verification failed". Throughout the verification process, the verifying party cannot obtain any raw energy consumption data or specific business information from any node in the supply chain.

[0046] The automatic certification report generation module is the final output of the system. After receiving the decrypted plaintext carbon footprint results and the data integrity verification information provided by the blockchain evidence storage network, this module automatically generates a carbon footprint certification report that conforms to the regulatory format of the target market, according to a preset template engine.

[0047] The automatic certification report generation module has multiple built-in report templates, each adapted to the regulatory format requirements of different export destinations. Taking a specific export destination as an example, the generated certification report includes the following parts: basic product information (model, capacity, unique digital identifier), total carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle and details by stage, explanation of data source and percentage of primary data, declaration of recycled material content, data integrity verification status, certification body information and digital signature, and instructions on how to obtain the accompanying verifiable digital certificate and battery digital passport.

[0048] In practical applications, this embodiment operates according to the following process: During the battery manufacturing stage, the data acquisition module in the raw material acquisition, manufacturing and transportation stages standardizes the data of each node and sends it to the blockchain evidence storage network. The blockchain client completes the classification and on-chaining, and the carbon footprint calculation smart contract executes encrypted aggregation calculation to obtain the encrypted carbon emission results from raw materials to the manufacturing stage.

[0049] During the battery usage phase, the battery management system of the energy storage power station continuously transmits charging and discharging data. The data acquisition module aggregates data daily or weekly. The blockchain client adds new data to the data lineage chain. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract periodically or according to trigger conditions re-executes the encrypted aggregation calculation to update the accumulated carbon emission encrypted results.

[0050] During the tiered utilization and recycling phases, new nodes join the blockchain evidence storage network, and the data they generate is uploaded to the chain according to the same mechanism. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract executes aggregation calculations again to achieve complete coverage of the entire life cycle.

[0051] When export certification requirements are triggered, the decryption module obtains and decrypts the encrypted results of carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle, the battery digital passport generation engine generates or updates the battery digital passport, the cross-border verifiable certification module generates verifiable digital certificates and zero-knowledge evidence, and the certification report automatic generation module outputs the official certification report.

[0052] When batteries are exported to the target market, the importing country's regulatory agency completes the decentralized verification of the carbon footprint certification results through the verification interface unit. The entire process does not rely on the credibility of the certification body, nor does it require access to the original business data of all parties in the supply chain.

[0053] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data, which solves the contradiction between data privacy and certification transparency. Under the premise of protecting commercial privacy, it realizes the complete accounting and cross-border mutual recognition of the full life cycle carbon footprint of energy storage lithium batteries, which can effectively deal with green barriers in export trade.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon footprint certification system for energy storage lithium batteries based on full lifecycle data, characterized in that, include: The full life cycle data acquisition module is used to collect raw data at each stage of the acquisition, manufacturing, use, cascade utilization and recycling of energy storage lithium batteries, and convert the heterogeneous data in the raw data into a unified carbon emission accounting input format, and send the converted data to the blockchain evidence storage network. The blockchain evidence storage network includes blockchain clients deployed on each node. The blockchain clients receive data sent by the full lifecycle data collection module, calculate hash values ​​for non-sensitive data in the original data and upload them, and generate intermediate calculation results for original data involving trade secrets after homomorphic encryption and upload them, while storing the hash of the original data as evidence. The carbon footprint calculation smart contract is deployed on the blockchain evidence storage network to obtain intermediate calculation results in the blockchain evidence storage network. In the encrypted state, it performs homomorphic aggregation operation on the intermediate calculation results to obtain the encrypted results of carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle and records them in the blockchain evidence storage network. The decryption module connects to the blockchain evidence storage network and is used to obtain the encrypted results of the full life cycle carbon emissions from the blockchain evidence storage network under authorized conditions, decrypt the encrypted results of the full life cycle carbon emissions to obtain the plaintext carbon footprint results, and send the plaintext carbon footprint results to the battery digital passport generation engine. The battery digital passport generation engine connects to the decryption module and the blockchain evidence storage network. It receives plaintext carbon footprint results sent by the decryption module, extracts related data from the blockchain evidence storage network based on the battery's unique digital identifier, and generates a battery digital passport containing a carbon footprint declaration in a preset format. The cross-border verifiable authentication module connects to the battery digital passport generation engine to obtain carbon footprint certification results from the engine, encapsulates these results into verifiable digital certificates, and generates zero-knowledge proofs. This allows the verifier to verify the authenticity and completeness of the carbon footprint certification results without obtaining the original data.

2. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon footprint calculation smart contract has a built-in carbon emission accounting model, which calculates the total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle according to the following formula: ； in, The total carbon emissions over the entire life cycle. The index is based on lifecycle stages, including six stages: raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use, secondary use, and recycling. For the first Phase 1 Activity data for this type of activity For the corresponding emission factors, This represents the global warming potential of greenhouse gases. For the first Energy loss during each charge-discharge cycle Charge and discharge times Dynamic carbon emission factors of the power grid; The carbon footprint calculation smart contract performs encrypted aggregation operations based on homomorphically encrypted activity data, emission factors, and dynamic grid factors in encrypted state. In the encrypted aggregation operation, emission factors and global warming potential values ​​are used in plaintext form, while activity data and energy loss data are used in encrypted form. The multiplication operation is a scalar multiplication of encrypted and plaintext data.

3. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unified conversion of heterogeneous data by the full life cycle data acquisition module includes: converting structured production line energy consumption data, time-series charge and discharge data in the battery management system operation log, and numerical information extracted from unstructured document images through optical character recognition into a carbon emission accounting input format normalized to battery functional units; and using homomorphic encryption for numerical data to support ciphertext aggregation operations, and extracting hash digests from non-numerical data for encrypted storage.

4. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery digital passport generated by the battery digital passport generation engine adopts a serialization format that conforms to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credential standard. It embeds a carbon footprint declaration, a recycled material content declaration, and supply chain due diligence proof, and is bound to the battery's physical identifier, supporting offline verification and online updates.

5. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 4, characterized in that: The serialization format conforming to the World Wide Web Consortium's verifiable credentials standard is JSON-LD format.

6. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-border verifiable authentication module specifically includes: The credential encapsulation unit is used to encapsulate carbon footprint certification results according to the World Wide Web Consortium Verifiable Credentials Standard. The zero-knowledge proof generation unit is used to generate zero-knowledge evidence that proves the carbon footprint certification results are true, complete, and computationally compliant. The verification interface unit is used to provide the verifier with a QR code or public node link, enabling the verifier to perform non-interactive verification using zero-knowledge evidence.

7. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 6, characterized in that, The zero-knowledge evidence generated by the zero-knowledge proof generation unit satisfies the following verification relation: ； in, For common parameters, For public input, this includes a hash commitment to carbon footprint certification results, a threshold for the proportion of primary data required by regulations, and a threshold for the declaration of recycled material content. For the generated zero-knowledge evidence; verify that the algorithm outputs 1 if and only if there exists a secret input satisfying the following circuit constraints. , Secret Input The following constraints must be met: Secret Input The following constraints must be met: It includes intermediate computation results from each node in the supply chain, which are homomorphically encrypted. Verify secret input The carbon footprint commitments included and publicly available inputs The hash commitment values ​​contained therein match; Verify secret input The total carbon footprint included is based on secret inputs calculated using a carbon emissions accounting model. It is calculated using intermediate calculation results included in the calculation; Verify that the proportion of data collected at each stage meets the regulatory threshold. Verify that the content of recycled materials meets the declared threshold; Circuit constraints are transformed into arithmetic circuits, zero-knowledge evidence. This is a zero-knowledge proof generated based on arithmetic circuits.

8. The energy storage lithium battery carbon footprint certification system based on full life cycle data according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic certification report generation module: used to automatically generate a carbon footprint certification report that conforms to the regulatory format of the target market based on the decrypted plaintext carbon footprint results and data integrity verification information, and attach a verifiable digital certificate and battery digital passport.

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