A construction phase carbon emission accurate checking and calculating method for completion accounting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of construction phase carbon emission precision checking calculation method for completion accounting, belong to building engineering carbon emission accounting technical field, including steps: based on the whole dimension measured data collection of completion phase constructs measured carbon emission accounting basic database;Based on measured carbon emission accounting basic database, the measured total carbon emission of engineering construction phase is calculated;According to the theoretical carbon emission of construction phase of engineering quantity final accounts list measurement, the theoretical carbon emission is corrected using construction loss correction coefficient, working condition deviation coefficient and weather miswork correction coefficient and obtains the corrected theoretical total carbon emission;According to the carbon emission deviation rate between measured total carbon emission and corrected theoretical total carbon emission, according to the deviation rate and completion carbon emission checking threshold relationship determination data checking and correction.The application realizes checking correction, improves the accuracy and reliability of completion phase construction carbon emission accounting, solves the problem of no standard, low precision of carbon accounting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon emission accounting technology for building engineering, specifically involving a method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for final accounting. Background Technology

[0002] With the low-carbon development of the construction industry, carbon emission accounting during the construction phase has become a core basis for green building assessment, low-carbon acceptance of completed projects, and filing of corporate carbon emission ledgers. Currently, the industry's carbon emission calculation methods for construction are mainly divided into two categories. One is the theoretical calculation method based on the bill of quantities and quota parameters, which performs static estimation based on the design quantities and standard carbon emission factors. This method is highly efficient, but it does not consider actual construction losses, equipment operating conditions, energy consumption deviations, and other actual operating conditions on the construction site, resulting in a large discrepancy between the calculation results and the actual carbon emissions of the project. The other is the real-time monitoring and statistical method during the construction process, which relies on on-site energy consumption and material data for statistical analysis. However, it lacks standardized theoretical verification benchmarks, cannot identify data anomalies, omissions, or errors, and is difficult to meet the compliance requirements of final settlement and carbon audit.

[0003] Existing technologies have significant technical deficiencies in carbon emission accounting upon project completion: First, the theoretical calculations based on the bill of quantities use fixed loss coefficients and standard operating parameters, failing to adapt to variables such as actual construction processes, weather conditions, machinery aging, and differences in manual operation, resulting in generally distorted theoretical carbon emission figures. Second, on-site measured data on electricity consumption, fuel consumption, and actual material usage suffer from issues such as missing ledgers, fragmented statistics, and mixed abnormal data; single measured data cannot verify authenticity, and single theoretical data cannot reflect actual operating conditions. Third, the industry lacks a closed-loop accounting system that uses on-site measured data as the guide and the theoretical value of the bill of quantities as the verification benchmark, leading to low accuracy, difficulty in tracing sources, and poor compliance in carbon emission accounting upon project completion, failing to meet the precise requirements for low-carbon acceptance and carbon reduction benefit assessment upon project completion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a precise carbon emission verification and calculation method for the construction phase oriented towards final accounting. By calculating actual carbon emissions through measured data and theoretical carbon emissions through bill of quantities, a two-way verification and correction is achieved, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of carbon emission accounting for construction in the final stage. At the same time, it realizes refined carbon emission calculation and solves the problems of lack of standards and low accuracy in carbon accounting for existing construction projects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for final accounting, comprising the following steps: A basic database for carbon emission accounting is constructed based on the collection of full-dimensional measured data during the completion phase. Based on the measured carbon emission accounting database, the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase are calculated separately and then summed to obtain the total measured carbon emissions during the construction phase of the project. Based on the final settlement list of engineering quantities, the quantities of each sub-item of the project are sorted out. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are calculated using the energy consumption estimation method of construction procedures. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are corrected by setting the construction loss correction coefficient, the working condition deviation coefficient and the weather work stoppage correction coefficient, and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions are obtained. Based on the carbon emission deviation rate between the measured total carbon emissions and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions, the data verification result is determined and the corresponding correction is completed based on the relationship between the deviation rate and the completion carbon emission verification threshold. When the carbon emission deviation rate is less than or equal to the verification threshold, the measured data is deemed compliant and valid, and the measured total carbon emissions are taken as the final carbon emission accounting result of the completed construction. When the carbon emission deviation rate exceeds the verification threshold, the data is determined to be abnormal. The abnormality of each sub-item data is checked in reverse, and the final carbon emission value after accurate verification is output.

[0006] Furthermore, the construction of a basic database for carbon emission accounting based on the comprehensive measured data collected during the completion phase includes the following steps: Complete measured data for the completion and filing of the project are collected throughout the entire construction cycle, including three core data: on-site measured electricity consumption, energy consumption of mechanical equipment, and actual usage of various building materials. The measured electricity consumption on site refers to the total measured electricity consumption over the entire construction period, including temporary electricity, electricity for construction equipment, and electricity for on-site lighting. The energy consumption of mechanical equipment includes the actual fuel consumption of construction machinery such as excavators, tower cranes, and transport vehicles. The actual usage of various building materials refers to the actual amount of main construction materials such as steel bars, concrete, masonry, and formwork that are brought to the site. The measured data was obtained by collecting construction logs, equipment shift records, material inbound and outbound documents, and energy consumption payment vouchers, and then cleaning and standardizing the data.

[0007] Furthermore, the cumulative calculation of the measured total carbon emissions during the construction phase includes the following steps: Based on the total measured electricity consumption and actual fuel consumption over the entire lifecycle, combined with the carbon emission factors for electricity consumption and corresponding fuel consumption in construction, the carbon emissions E from energy consumption at the construction site are calculated. sn It can be expressed by the formula: E sn =Q sd ×F d +Σ(Q syki ×F yi ); In the formula, Q sd This indicates the total measured electricity consumption throughout the entire construction period; F d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Q syki F represents the actual fuel consumption of type i in project k; yi This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel; Based on the actual amount of various building materials used during the construction phase, and matching the carbon emission factors of the building materials, the carbon emissions E from the consumption of building materials are calculated. sc The formula is expressed as: E sc =Σ(Q sckj ×F cj ); In the formula, Q sckj F represents the actual amount of building materials of type j used in project k; cj This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; The actual total carbon emissions E are calculated by summing the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase. s， The formula is expressed as: E s =E sn +E sc .

[0008] Furthermore, the process of correcting the theoretical carbon emissions during the construction phase to obtain the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions includes the following steps: Theoretical carbon emissions E from material consumption are calculated based on the bill of quantities. lc Based on the standard machine shift, the theoretical mechanical energy consumption and carbon emissions E are calculated. ly and E ld According to the "Standard for Calculating Carbon Emissions from Buildings" GB 51366-2019, the energy consumption of temporary facilities is estimated at 5% of the theoretical carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption. The theoretical total carbon emissions E are obtained by summing the individual items. l The formula is expressed as: E l =E lc +E ln ; E lc =Σ(M lckj ×F cj ) ; E ln =E ly +E ld +5% (E ly +E ld ); E ly =Σ(D yjki ×M yjki ×Fyji ); E ld =Σ(D djki ×M djki ×F d ); In the formula, E ln Theoretical energy carbon emissions, M lckj F represents the theoretical usage of the j-th type of building materials in the k-th project; cj D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; yjki M represents the fuel-powered mechanical energy consumption quota for the i-th type of project; yjki F represents the number of shifts of fuel-powered machinery of type i in project k; yji D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel-powered machinery; djki M represents the energy consumption quota for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; djki F represents the number of shifts for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Using construction loss correction factors, working condition deviation factors, and weather-related work stoppage correction factors, the theoretical total carbon emissions E were compared. l After making corrections, we obtain the revised theoretical total carbon emissions E for the construction phase. ' l The formula is expressed as: E ' l =α1×α2×α3×E l ; In the formula, α1 represents the construction loss correction coefficient, with a value range of 1 to 1.05, which is used to correct for the additional carbon emissions caused by on-site construction losses; α2 represents the working condition deviation coefficient, with a value range of 0.97 to 1.03, which is used to correct for the deviation between the actual working conditions of mechanical equipment and the standard rated working conditions; α3 represents the weather-related work stoppage correction coefficient, with a value range of 1 to 1.02, which corrects for the slight amplification effect of weather on on-site work efficiency and effective working time under non-extreme weather conditions. Continuous work stoppages caused by extreme weather are not included in this coefficient range.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the actual total carbon emissions Es and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions E ' l The carbon emission deviation rate δ is expressed by the formula: .

[0010] Furthermore, the verification threshold δ0 is set according to the project type and construction scale. The setting principle is that the larger the project scale level, the smaller the verification threshold. Among them, large projects have complete document systems, large sample sizes, and random errors are offset, resulting in higher accounting stability. Small and medium-sized projects have incomplete documents and large fluctuations in work processes, allowing for a larger deviation range. For different types of building construction projects, the construction scale is classified based on the building area. For large-scale buildings with a floor area ≥ 50,000 m², the classification is as follows: 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 5%; for medium-sized buildings with a floor area between 10,000 and 50,000 m², the threshold is δ0 ≤ 5%. 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 8%; when the area of ​​a small building is < 10,000 m² 2 At that time, the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 15%; For municipal engineering projects, the project cost is used as the basis for classifying the project scale. When the cost of a large project is ≥200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤10%; when the cost of a medium-sized project is between 50 million and 200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤14%; and when the cost of a small project is <50 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤20%.

[0011] Furthermore, when the carbon emission deviation rate is greater than the verification threshold, the data is judged to be abnormal. The data of each item is checked in reverse. The carbon emission deviation rate of each item is used as a constraint to identify the abnormal carbon emission problems of each item. The measured data is corrected by combining the theoretical proportion of each item in the bill of quantities. The final carbon emission value after accurate verification is recalculated and output. Using the theoretical carbon emission ratio of each sub-item as a constraint, keeping other normal sub-items unchanged, and adjusting the abnormal energy consumption sub-items according to the theoretical ratio, the adjusted actual total carbon emission is calculated, and the adjusted actual total carbon emission is used as the basis for calculation. The final carbon emission accounting results for the completed construction: ; ; In the formula, ω represents the corrected actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. k E represents the correction factor for the actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. lk This represents the theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. This represents the revised theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. ; In the formula, E sk This represents the actual carbon emissions of the retained k-th project.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes summarizing measured sub-item data, theoretical calculation data, deviation verification process, and anomaly correction records to form a traceable and auditable completion carbon emission accounting report, which at least includes clearly defining the carbon emission proportion of each process, each energy consumption type, and each type of building material.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: The accurate carbon emission verification and calculation method for the construction phase oriented towards final accounting provided by this invention calculates actual carbon emissions through measured data and theoretical carbon emissions through bill of quantities calculation, achieving two-way verification and correction, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of carbon emission accounting for construction in the final stage. At the same time, it realizes refined carbon emission calculation for each process, solving the problems of lack of standards and low accuracy in carbon accounting for existing construction projects. To a certain extent, it is also applicable to the accurate statistics, verification and auditing of carbon emissions during the final stage of construction projects such as housing construction and municipal public works. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase, oriented towards final accounting, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for final accounting, including the following steps: A basic database for carbon emission accounting is constructed based on the collection of full-dimensional measured data during the completion phase. Based on the measured carbon emission accounting database, the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase are calculated separately and then summed to obtain the total measured carbon emissions during the construction phase of the project. Based on the final settlement list of engineering quantities, the quantities of each sub-item of the project are sorted out. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are calculated using the energy consumption estimation method of construction procedures. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are corrected by setting the construction loss correction coefficient, the working condition deviation coefficient and the weather work stoppage correction coefficient, and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions are obtained. Based on the carbon emission deviation rate between the measured total carbon emissions and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions, the data verification result is determined and the corresponding correction is completed based on the relationship between the deviation rate and the completion carbon emission verification threshold. When the carbon emission deviation rate is less than or equal to the verification threshold, the measured data is deemed compliant and valid, and the measured total carbon emissions are taken as the final carbon emission accounting result of the completed construction. When the carbon emission deviation rate exceeds the verification threshold, the data is determined to be abnormal. The abnormality of each sub-item data is checked in reverse, and the final carbon emission value after accurate verification is output.

[0017] In this embodiment, the steps for constructing a basic database for carbon emission accounting based on the comprehensive measured data collected during the completion phase include: Complete measured data for the completion and filing of the project are collected throughout the entire construction cycle, including three core data: on-site measured electricity consumption, energy consumption of mechanical equipment, and actual usage of various building materials. The measured electricity consumption on site refers to the total measured electricity consumption over the entire construction period, including temporary electricity, electricity for construction equipment, and electricity for on-site lighting. The energy consumption of mechanical equipment includes the actual fuel consumption of construction machinery such as excavators, tower cranes, and transport vehicles. The actual usage of various building materials refers to the actual amount of main construction materials such as steel bars, concrete, masonry, and formwork that are brought to the site. The measured data was obtained by collecting construction logs, equipment shift records, material inbound and outbound documents, and energy consumption payment vouchers, and then cleaning and standardizing the data.

[0018] The original data has problems such as missing documents, disordered format, and inconsistent standards. Therefore, it is necessary to back up the original data and convert the paper documents into electronic text. Data cleaning is then carried out through deduplication, noise reduction, and error correction.

[0019] For on-site measured electricity consumption, duplicate data is removed based on the unique number of the energy consumption payment voucher; for mechanical equipment energy consumption, duplicate shifts are removed; for the actual usage of various building materials, duplicate inbound and outbound batches are removed. Redundant spaces, line breaks, and special symbols are removed; simplified Chinese is used throughout, and handwritten, colloquial descriptions are eliminated. The original data recording date cannot be earlier than the start date or later than the completion date; the end time of mechanical equipment operation cannot be earlier than the start time; the working hours of mechanical equipment shifts cannot exceed 24 hours / day; the material inbound and outbound quantities cannot be negative; and energy consumption is marked with obvious abrupt changes to abnormal values.

[0020] To facilitate the calculation of actual carbon emissions during the construction phase, the cleaned data needs to be standardized to build a basic database for actual carbon emission accounting. This standardization process is achieved through date and time standardization, the establishment of a basic dictionary, and the standardization of units of measurement.

[0021] Dates and times are standardized, with a unified format of "xxxx year xx month xx day," distinguishing between document occurrence date, document submission date, and the start and end dates of the energy consumption payment voucher cycle. A machinery and equipment dictionary is established, containing equipment codes, names, types, and rated power; a building materials dictionary is also established, containing building material codes, names, specifications, and standard units of measurement. The unified benchmark for machinery and equipment shifts is hours (h); for building materials, it is kg / m³; for electricity, it is kWh; and for diesel, it is L.

[0022] In this embodiment, the cumulative calculation of the measured total carbon emissions during the construction phase includes the following steps: Based on the total measured electricity consumption and actual fuel consumption over the entire lifecycle, combined with the carbon emission factors for electricity consumption and corresponding fuel consumption in construction, the carbon emissions E from energy consumption at the construction site are calculated. sn It can be expressed by the formula: E sn =Q sd ×F d +Σ(Q syki ×F yi ); In the formula, Q sd This indicates the total measured electricity consumption throughout the entire construction period; F d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Q syi F represents the actual fuel consumption of type i in project k; yi This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel; Based on the actual amount of various building materials used during the construction phase, and matching the carbon emission factors of the building materials, the carbon emissions E from the consumption of building materials are calculated. sc The formula is expressed as: E sc =Σ(Q sckj ×F cj ); In the formula, Q scj F represents the actual amount of building materials of type j used in project k; cj This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; The actual total carbon emissions E are calculated by summing the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase. s， The formula is expressed as: E s =E sn +E sc .

[0023] In this embodiment, correcting the theoretical carbon emissions of the construction phase and obtaining the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions includes the following steps: Theoretical carbon emissions E from material consumption are calculated based on the bill of quantities. lcBased on the standard machine shift, the theoretical mechanical energy consumption and carbon emissions E are calculated. ly and E ld Referring to the "Standard for Calculation of Carbon Emissions from Buildings" GB 51366-2019, the energy consumption of temporary facilities is estimated at 5% of the theoretical carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption. The theoretical total carbon emissions E are obtained by summing the individual items. l The formula is expressed as: E l =E lc +E ln ; E lc =Σ(M lckj ×F cj ); E ln =E ly +E ld +5% (E ly +E ld ); E ly =Σ(D yjki ×M yjki ×F yji ); E ld =Σ(D djki ×M djki ×F d ); In the formula, E ln Theoretical energy carbon emissions, M lckj F represents the theoretical usage of the j-th type of building materials in the k-th project; cj D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; yjki M represents the fuel-powered mechanical energy consumption quota for the i-th type of project; yjki F represents the number of shifts of fuel-powered machinery of type i in project k; yji D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel-powered machinery; djki M represents the energy consumption quota for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; djki F represents the number of shifts for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Using construction loss correction factors, working condition deviation factors, and weather-related work stoppage correction factors, the theoretical total carbon emissions E were compared. l After making corrections, we obtain the revised theoretical total carbon emissions E for the construction phase. ' l The formula is expressed as: E ' l =α1×α2×α3×E l ; In the formula, α1 represents the construction loss correction coefficient, ranging from 1 to 1.05, used to correct for additional carbon emissions caused by on-site construction losses. When refined management is implemented on the construction site, material waste is minimal, and construction losses are close to the quota; therefore, the lower limit of the construction loss correction coefficient is 1.00. Based on quota standards and engineering practice, the comprehensive loss on the construction site is generally within 5%; therefore, the upper limit of the construction loss correction coefficient is 1.05. The actual value is determined based on the material loss situation on the construction site.

[0024] α2 represents the operating condition deviation coefficient, ranging from 0.97 to 1.03. It is used to correct deviations between the actual operating conditions of mechanical equipment and the standard rated operating conditions. When high-efficiency equipment is used, equipment utilization is high, and idling time is short, mechanical energy consumption is slightly lower than the standard, so the lower limit of the operating condition deviation coefficient is 0.97. When low-efficiency equipment is used, multiple processes are interfering with each other, and frequent start-stop operations occur, mechanical energy consumption is slightly higher than the standard, so the upper limit of the operating condition deviation coefficient is 1.03. The actual value is determined based on the equipment selection and operating conditions at the construction site.

[0025] α3 represents the weather-related work stoppage correction coefficient, ranging from 1 to 1.02. It corrects for the slight amplification effect of weather on on-site work efficiency and effective working time under non-extreme weather conditions. Continuous work stoppages caused by extreme weather are not included in this coefficient range. When weather conditions are suitable during construction and there is no negative impact on work efficiency, no correction is needed; therefore, the lower limit of the weather-related work stoppage correction coefficient is 1.00. When there are sporadic light rains, high temperatures, or strong winds during construction, causing a small loss of working time, the upper limit of the working condition deviation coefficient is 1.02. The actual value is determined based on the weather conditions during construction.

[0026] In this embodiment, based on the actual total carbon emissions E s Compared with the revised theoretical total carbon emissions E ' l The carbon emission deviation rate δ is expressed by the formula: ; In this embodiment, the verification threshold δ0 is set according to the project type and construction scale. The setting principle is that the larger the project scale level, the smaller the verification threshold. Among them, large projects have complete document systems, large sample sizes, and random errors are offset, resulting in higher accounting stability. Small and medium-sized projects have incomplete documents and large fluctuations in procedures, allowing for a larger deviation range.

[0027] Municipal engineering projects involve earthwork, pile foundations, and underground working conditions that are highly variable, with significant fluctuations in mechanical operating conditions and high uncertainty in geological conditions. Building construction projects, on the other hand, have a high degree of standardization and fewer sources of disturbance. Therefore, the verification threshold for municipal engineering projects is generally higher than that for building construction projects.

[0028] For different types of building construction projects, the construction scale is classified based on the building area. For large-scale buildings with a floor area ≥ 50,000 m², the classification is as follows: 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 5%; for medium-sized buildings with a floor area between 10,000 and 50,000 m², the threshold is δ0 ≤ 5%. 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 8%; when the area of ​​a small building is < 10,000 m² 2 At that time, the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 15%; For municipal engineering projects, the project cost is used as the basis for classifying the project scale. When the cost of a large project is ≥200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤10%; when the cost of a medium-sized project is between 50 million and 200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤14%; and when the cost of a small project is <50 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤20%.

[0029] Table 1 sets the verification threshold δ 0。

[0030]

[0031] Based on the relationship between the deviation rate and the carbon emission verification threshold for completion, the data verification results are determined and corresponding corrections are made. The specific determination is as follows: When the carbon emission deviation rate δ ≤ the verification threshold δ0, the measured data is deemed compliant and valid, with the measured total carbon emissions E. s This is the final carbon emission accounting result for the completed construction project; When the carbon emission deviation rate δ > the verification threshold δ0, the data is judged to be abnormal. The data of each item is checked in reverse. The carbon emission deviation rate of each item is used as a constraint to identify the abnormal carbon emission problems of each item. The measured data is corrected by combining the theoretical proportion of the items in the bill of quantities. The final carbon emission value after accurate verification is recalculated and output.

[0032] Using the theoretical carbon emission ratio of each sub-item as a constraint, keeping other normal sub-items unchanged, and correcting the abnormal energy consumption sub-items according to the theoretical ratio, the corrected actual total carbon emission is calculated, and the corrected actual total carbon emission E is used as the basis for calculation. ' s This is the final carbon emission accounting result for the completed construction.

[0033] ; ; In the formula, ω represents the corrected actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. k E represents the correction factor for the actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. lk This represents the theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. This represents the revised theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. ; In the formula, E sk This represents the actual carbon emissions of the retained k-th project.

[0034] In this embodiment, the method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for final accounting also includes generating a final carbon emission verification and accounting report. Specifically, it summarizes measured sub-item data, theoretical accounting data, deviation verification process, and anomaly correction records to form a traceable and auditable final carbon emission accounting report, clarifying the carbon emission proportion of each process, energy consumption type, and type of building material, and achieving standardized and accurate filing of carbon emissions for completed construction.

[0035] Taking a certain housing construction project as an example, with a building area of ​​148,700 square meters, it belongs to a large-scale housing construction project. The method for accurate carbon emission verification and calculation during the construction phase includes the following steps.

[0036] (1) Construct a basic database for measured carbon emission accounting Table 2. Statistics on the actual material usage of each sub-project.

[0037]

[0038] Table 3. Statistics on actual energy consumption of each sub-project.

[0039]

[0040] Table 4. Statistics on actual carbon emissions of each sub-project.

[0041]

[0042] (2) Theoretical carbon emission calculation.

[0043] Table 5. Statistics on the theoretical consumption of materials for each sub-project.

[0044]

[0045] Table 6. Statistics on the theoretical energy consumption of each sub-project.

[0046]

[0047] Table 7. Statistics on theoretical carbon emissions for each sub-project.

[0048]

[0049] (3) Theoretical carbon emission correction This project utilizes BIM technology, intelligent construction robots, and high-efficiency equipment during construction, and incorporates a green construction system and a smart construction site platform. These measures effectively reduce construction losses and energy consumption of machinery and equipment. However, high temperatures and light rain during construction can impact operations. Taking into account the site conditions, the following corrections are made: a construction loss correction factor α1 of 1.02, a working condition deviation factor α2 of 0.97, and a weather-related work stoppage correction factor α3 of 1.01. The corrected theoretical carbon emissions E' are then calculated. l ; E' l =α1×α2×α3×E l =1.02×0.97×1.01×105192482=105118216 kgCO 2。

[0050] (4) Calculation of carbon emission deviation rate.

[0051] .

[0052] The following criteria are used to determine whether the carbon emission deviation rate δ is greater than the verification threshold δ0: If the carbon emission deviation rate δ is greater than the verification threshold δ0, the data is abnormal. The data of each item is checked by reverse tracing, the carbon emission deviation rate of each item is calculated, and the carbon emission deviation rate of each item is used as a constraint to identify the abnormal carbon emission problems of each item of the project. The measured data is corrected by combining the theoretical proportion of each item in the bill of quantities, and the final carbon emission value after accurate verification is recalculated and output.

[0053] (5) Calculation of carbon emission deviation rate for each item.

[0054] Table 8. Determination of carbon emission deviation rate for each sub-project.

[0055]

[0056] (6) Correction of actual total carbon emissions For pile foundation engineering: Based on the construction site conditions, the construction loss correction coefficient α1 is set to 1.03, the working condition deviation coefficient α2 is set to 1.01, and the weather-related work delay correction coefficient α3 is set to 1. ; ; Foundation pit support engineering: Based on the construction site conditions, the construction loss correction coefficient α1 for foundation pit support engineering is set at 0.96, the working condition deviation coefficient α2 at 0.99, and the weather-related work stoppage correction coefficient α3 at 1.01. ; ; Corrected actual total carbon emissions; ; =507035 +8962516+ 5371584+46397160+42846484=104084779 kgCO2; Therefore, the actual total carbon emissions during the construction phase of this project are 104,084,779 kgCO2.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for final accounting, characterized in that, Including the following steps: A basic database for carbon emission accounting is constructed based on the collection of full-dimensional measured data during the completion phase. Based on the measured carbon emission accounting database, the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase are calculated separately and then summed to obtain the total measured carbon emissions during the construction phase of the project. Based on the final settlement list of engineering quantities, the quantities of each sub-item of the project are sorted out. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are calculated using the energy consumption estimation method of construction procedures. The theoretical carbon emissions of the construction stage are corrected by setting the construction loss correction coefficient, the working condition deviation coefficient and the weather work stoppage correction coefficient, and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions are obtained. Based on the carbon emission deviation rate between the measured total carbon emissions and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions, the data verification result is determined and the corresponding correction is completed based on the relationship between the deviation rate and the completion carbon emission verification threshold. When the carbon emission deviation rate is less than or equal to the verification threshold, the measured data is deemed compliant and valid, and the measured total carbon emissions are taken as the final carbon emission accounting result of the completed construction. When the carbon emission deviation rate exceeds the verification threshold, the data is determined to be abnormal. The abnormality of each sub-item data is checked in reverse, and the final carbon emission value after accurate verification is output.

2. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps involved in constructing a basic database for carbon emission accounting based on the comprehensive measured data collected during the completion phase are as follows: Complete measured data for the completion and filing of the project are collected throughout the entire construction cycle, including three core data: on-site measured electricity consumption, energy consumption of mechanical equipment, and actual usage of various building materials. The measured electricity consumption on site refers to the total measured electricity consumption over the entire construction period, including temporary electricity, electricity for construction equipment, and electricity for on-site lighting. The energy consumption of mechanical equipment includes the actual fuel consumption of construction machinery such as excavators, tower cranes, and transport vehicles. The actual usage of various building materials refers to the actual amount of main construction materials such as steel bars, concrete, masonry, and formwork that are brought to the site. The measured data was obtained by collecting construction logs, equipment shift records, material inbound and outbound documents, and energy consumption payment vouchers, and then cleaning and standardizing the data.

3. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cumulative calculation of the measured total carbon emissions during the construction phase includes the following steps: Based on the total measured electricity consumption and actual fuel consumption over the entire lifecycle, combined with the carbon emission factors for electricity consumption and corresponding fuel consumption in construction, the carbon emissions E from energy consumption at the construction site are calculated. sn It can be expressed by the formula: From sn =Q sd ×F d +Σ(Q syki ×F yi ); In the formula, Q sd This indicates the total measured electricity consumption throughout the entire construction period; F d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Q syki This represents the actual fuel consumption of type i in project k; F yi This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel; Based on the actual amount of various building materials used during the construction phase, and matching the carbon emission factors of the building materials, the carbon emissions E from the consumption of building materials are calculated. sc The formula is expressed as: From sc =Σ(Q sckj ×F cj ); In the formula, Q sckj F represents the actual amount of building materials of type j used in project k; cj This represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; The actual total carbon emissions E are calculated by summing the carbon emissions from energy consumption and building material consumption during the construction phase. s， The formula is expressed as: AND s =E sn +E sc 。 4. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps to correct the theoretical carbon emissions during the construction phase and obtain the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions include: Theoretical carbon emissions E from material consumption are calculated based on the bill of quantities. lc Based on the standard machine shift, the theoretical mechanical energy consumption and carbon emissions E are calculated. ly and E ld According to the "Standard for Calculating Carbon Emissions from Buildings" GB 51366-2019, the energy consumption of temporary facilities is estimated at 5% of the theoretical carbon emissions from mechanical energy consumption. The theoretical total carbon emissions E are obtained by summing the individual items. l The formula is expressed as: AND l =E lc +E ln ; E lc =Σ(M lckj ×F cj ); AND ln =E ly +E ld +5%(E ly +E ld ); AND ly =Σ(D yjki ×M yjki ×F yji ): AND ld =Σ(D djki ×M djki ×F d ): In the formula, E ln Theoretical energy carbon emissions, M lckj F represents the theoretical usage of the j-th type of building materials in the k-th project; cj D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the j-th type of building material; yjki M represents the fuel-powered mechanical energy consumption quota for the i-th type of project; yjki F represents the number of shifts of fuel-powered machinery of type i in project k; yji D represents the carbon emission factor corresponding to the i-th type of fuel-powered machinery; djki M represents the energy consumption quota for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; djki F represents the number of shifts for the i-th type of electric machinery in the k-th project; d Indicates the carbon emission factor of electricity; Using construction loss correction factors, working condition deviation factors, and weather-related work stoppage correction factors, the theoretical total carbon emissions E were compared. l After making corrections, we obtain the revised theoretical total carbon emissions E for the construction phase. ' l The formula is expressed as: AND ' l =α1×α2×α3×E l ; In the formula, α1 represents the construction loss correction coefficient, with a value range of 1 to 1.05, which is used to correct for the additional carbon emissions caused by on-site construction losses; α2 represents the working condition deviation coefficient, with a value range of 0.97 to 1.03, which is used to correct for the deviation between the actual working conditions of mechanical equipment and the standard rated working conditions; α3 represents the weather-related work stoppage correction coefficient, with a value range of 1 to 1.02, which corrects for the slight amplification effect of weather on on-site work efficiency and effective working time under non-extreme weather conditions. Continuous work stoppages caused by extreme weather are not included in this coefficient range.

5. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the actual total carbon emissions Es and the corrected theoretical total carbon emissions E ' l The carbon emission deviation rate δ is expressed by the formula: 。 6. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The verification threshold δ0 is set according to the project type and construction scale. The principle is that the larger the project scale level, the smaller the verification threshold. Among them, large projects have complete document systems, large sample sizes, and random errors are offset, resulting in higher accounting stability. Small and medium-sized projects have incomplete documents and large fluctuations in work processes, allowing for a larger deviation range. For different types of building construction projects, the construction scale is classified based on the building area. For large-scale buildings with a floor area ≥ 50,000 m², the classification is as follows: 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 5%; for medium-sized buildings with a floor area between 10,000 and 50,000 m², the threshold is δ0 ≤ 5%. 2 When the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 8%; when the area of ​​a small building is < 10,000 m² 2 At that time, the verification threshold δ0 ≤ 15%; For municipal engineering projects, the project cost is used as the basis for classifying the project scale. When the cost of a large project is ≥200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤10%; when the cost of a medium-sized project is between 50 million and 200 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤14%; and when the cost of a small project is <50 million yuan, the verification threshold δ0≤20%.

7. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the carbon emission deviation rate is greater than the verification threshold, the data is judged to be abnormal. The sub-item data is checked in reverse. The carbon emission deviation rate of each sub-item is used as a constraint to identify the abnormal carbon emission problems of each sub-item project. The measured data is corrected by combining the theoretical sub-item proportion of the bill of quantities. The final carbon emission value of the completed project after accurate verification is recalculated and output. Using the theoretical carbon emission ratio of each sub-item as a constraint, keeping other normal sub-items unchanged, and adjusting the abnormal energy consumption sub-items according to the theoretical ratio, the adjusted actual total carbon emission is calculated, and the adjusted actual total carbon emission is used as the basis for calculation. The final carbon emission accounting results for the completed construction: ； ； In the formula, ω represents the corrected actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. k E represents the correction factor for the actual carbon emissions of the k-th project. lk This represents the theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. This represents the revised theoretical carbon emissions of the k-th project. ； In the formula, E sk This represents the actual carbon emissions of the retained k-th project.

8. The method for accurate verification and calculation of carbon emissions during the construction phase for as-built accounting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes summarizing measured data, theoretical calculation data, deviation verification process, and anomaly correction records to form a traceable and auditable carbon emission accounting report upon completion, which at least includes clearly defining the carbon emission proportion of each process, energy consumption type, and type of building material.

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