BIM-based engineering change dynamic cost adjustment method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on BIM's engineering change dynamic cost adjustment method and system, it is related to engineering cost management technical field.The method includes: based on the geometric topological relation of component in BIM model, professional dependency and process logic relation constructs component level change propagation graph;Directly changed component is identified and change conduction path and each level conduction quantity are tracked along propagation graph;According to the actual construction state of each affected component at change trigger time, respectively using new cost, adjusting cost or removal rework cost rule calculation;For the scene of simultaneous change of multiple specialities, spatial overlap detection and engineering quantity deduplication are carried out;After each change is completed, cost baseline is updated.This application can quantify the chain conduction effect of change, distinguish the cost difference under different construction states, eliminate the repeated measurement of multiple speciality change, improve the accuracy of engineering change cost adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering cost management and building information modeling (BIM) application technology, specifically to a method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM. Background Technology

[0002] Engineering changes are inevitable during project implementation. Factors such as design optimization, changes in site conditions, and adjustments to owner functions can all trigger engineering changes, and each change impacts project costs. Timely and accurate calculation of cost adjustments caused by changes is crucial for controlling total project investment and handling engineering claims and change orders.

[0003] The emergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has provided new tools for project cost management. Based on the BIM model, quantities can be automatically extracted, and combined with pricing quotas, costs can be quickly generated. Existing BIM-based cost adjustment methods typically compare the BIM model before and after the change, extract the differences in quantities between the two models, and then multiply them by a comprehensive unit price to obtain the cost adjustment amount.

[0004] However, existing methods have the following shortcomings: First, they only compare the static quantities of the models before and after the change, without considering the chain reaction of changes to other components caused by the changes in one component, i.e., the transmission effect of changes is ignored, resulting in an underestimation of the cost adjustment amount; Second, they do not distinguish the actual construction status of the affected components when the change occurs, applying the same cost calculation rules to components that are not yet under construction, are under construction, and have been completed. In reality, changes to completed components also involve demolition costs, waste removal costs, and costs for protecting completed works, which are often omitted in existing methods; Third, when changes occur simultaneously in multiple disciplines such as architecture, structure, and mechanical and electrical engineering, the changes in different disciplines may involve the same spatial area. Existing methods calculate the quantities of each discipline separately and then simply add them together, resulting in double counting; Fourth, when multiple changes accumulate, each change is calculated based on the original budget baseline, without considering the cost deviation caused by the previous change, leading to a gradual increase in the cumulative cost deviation from the actual cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art and to propose a method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a BIM-based method for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes, comprising the following steps: Based on the geometric topological relationships, professional dependencies, and procedural logic relationships of each component in the BIM model, a component-level change propagation graph is constructed. This graph is a directed weighted graph, where nodes represent BIM components, edges represent change propagation paths between components, and edge weights are propagation coefficients. Upon receiving an engineering change instruction, the directly affected component corresponding to the instruction is identified. Starting from this directly affected component, the graph is traversed to track the change propagation path, and the incremental amount of work transmitted at each level is calculated. The actual construction progress data of each affected component at the time of the change trigger is obtained, and the construction status of each affected component is determined. The construction status includes… The changes include three states: not under construction, under construction, and completed. Based on the construction state of each affected component, the corresponding cost calculation rules are used to calculate the changed cost of that component. The not under construction state uses the new cost rule, the under construction state uses the adjusted cost rule, and the completed state uses the demolition and rework cost rule. When the change order involves simultaneous changes to two or more disciplines, spatial overlap detection is performed on the affected components for each discipline, and duplicate quantities in the overlapping areas are removed. The changed costs of all affected components are summed and the duplicated portions are subtracted to obtain the total cost adjustment amount for this change. This total cost adjustment amount is then added to the current cost baseline, and the cost baseline is updated.

[0007] In one implementation, constructing a component-level change propagation map specifically includes: extracting the geometric parameters and spatial coordinates of each component in the BIM model; establishing geometric topological edges based on the spatial adjacency and support relationships between components; establishing professional dependency edges according to the discipline to which each component belongs and the design dependency rules between disciplines, wherein the professional dependency rules include the attachment relationship between structural components and building components, and the crossing or hanging relationship between electromechanical pipelines and structural components; establishing process logic edges according to the sequential construction order and process logic of each component in the construction schedule; and assigning a propagation coefficient to each edge, wherein the propagation coefficient represents the probability of a coordinated change in the target component when the source component is changed.

[0008] In one implementation, the propagation coefficient is determined by collecting linkage records of component changes in historical engineering projects, using the source component change type, target component type, and edge type as input features, and the frequency of actual linkage changes as labels, and obtaining the baseline value of the propagation coefficient of each type of edge through logistic regression model training; in a specific project, the baseline value is corrected according to the component material, connection method, and construction technology of the project.

[0009] In one implementation, determining the construction status specifically includes: obtaining the planned start time, planned completion time, and actual completion percentage of each component from the construction progress management system; comparing the change trigger time with the time parameters of each component; if the actual completion percentage is zero, it is determined to be in a non-construction state; if the actual completion percentage is greater than zero and less than 100%, it is determined to be in a construction state; and if the actual completion percentage is 100%, it is determined to be in a completed state.

[0010] In one implementation, the demolition and rework cost rules for the completed state include: the demolition and rework cost equals the sum of demolition costs, waste removal costs, completed works protection costs, and reconstruction costs; wherein the demolition costs are calculated by multiplying the completed works quantity by the demolition rate, the waste removal costs are calculated by multiplying the amount of waste generated by demolition by the removal unit price, the completed works protection costs are calculated by multiplying the adjacent completed works scope that needs protection by the protection measures unit price, and the reconstruction costs are calculated by multiplying the revised works quantity by the comprehensive unit price.

[0011] In one implementation, the spatial overlap detection and deduplication process specifically includes: generating a three-dimensional spatial bounding box for each affected component; performing intersection detection on the bounding boxes of affected components from different disciplines to identify component pairs with spatial overlap; for component pairs with spatial overlap, calculating the volume of the overlapping area, and deducting the quantity of the overlapping area from the total quantity of work once according to the proportion of the quantity of work of each discipline's components in the overlapping area, so as to eliminate duplicate measurement.

[0012] In one implementation, the rolling update of the cost baseline specifically includes: recording the current cost baseline as the baseline version, generating a new baseline version after each change, the new baseline version being equal to the previous baseline version plus the total cost adjustment amount of this change; retaining all historical baseline versions and corresponding change records, supporting the traceability of cost differences between any two changes.

[0013] In one implementation, the method further includes a change scheme optimization step: when there are two or more alternative change schemes, the total cost adjustment amount, the expected construction period impact value, and the quality risk level of each alternative scheme are calculated respectively; with the goal of minimizing the total cost adjustment amount, minimizing the expected construction period impact value, and minimizing the quality risk level, a Pareto optimal scheme set is generated through a multi-objective optimization algorithm for decision-making.

[0014] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a BIM-based dynamic cost adjustment system for engineering changes, including a change propagation map construction module, a change identification and propagation tracking module, a construction status determination module, a phased cost calculation module, a multi-disciplinary coupled calculation module, a rolling baseline update module, and an output module.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: First, by constructing a component-level change propagation map that integrates geometric topology, professional dependence, and process logic, this invention can trace the chain transmission path of changes starting from directly changed components, quantify the increase in engineering quantity at each level of transmission, and thus incorporate the transmission effect of changes into cost calculation, avoiding the problem of missing the cost of linked changes by only comparing the models before and after the change.

[0016] Secondly, based on the actual construction status of each affected component at the time of change triggering, the present invention adopts three sets of calculation rules: additional cost, adjusted cost, and demolition and rework cost. In particular, it includes demolition costs, garbage removal costs, and completed project protection costs for completed components, making the cost adjustment results closer to the actual project.

[0017] Third, in scenarios where multiple disciplines undergo simultaneous changes, this invention identifies overlapping areas through the intersection detection of three-dimensional bounding boxes and performs deduplication based on the proportion of the project quantity, thereby eliminating the problem of repeated measurement of changes from different disciplines in the same spatial area.

[0018] Fourth, the present invention adopts a rolling baseline update mechanism, which adds the adjustment amount to the current baseline after each change and retains the historical version, so that the cumulative cost of multiple changes can be accurately traced and the cumulative error caused by repeated calculation based on the original baseline can be avoided. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of constructing a change propagation map.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the construction status and calculating costs in stages.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of multi-disciplinary spatial overlap detection and deduplication.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the system of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of markings: 1-Change propagation map construction module, 2-Change identification and propagation tracking module, 3-Construction status determination module, 4-Phase cost calculation module, 5-Multi-disciplinary coupling calculation module, 6-Rolling baseline update module, 7-Output module. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: Overall Method Flow

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a BIM-based method for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes, including steps S1 to S6.

[0028] Step S1 involves constructing a change propagation map. During the project initiation phase, the system reads the BIM model file and parses the attribute information of all components in the model, including the component's unique identifier, component type, discipline, geometric parameters, spatial coordinates, material information, and connection relationships. Simultaneously, it reads the construction schedule file to obtain the planned start time, planned completion time, and logical relationships of each component. Based on this information, a component-level change propagation map is constructed.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the construction process consists of four sub-steps. S11 extracts the geometric parameters and spatial coordinates of each component in the BIM model, calculates the spatial distance between any two components, and determines a spatial adjacency relationship when the distance is less than a preset adjacency threshold. Simultaneously, it detects the support relationships between components, such as beams supporting columns and slabs supporting beams. The support relationship is determined by the overlap between the bottom coordinates of one component and the top coordinates of another. Geometric topological edges are established based on spatial adjacency and support relationships. S12 establishes professional dependency edges according to the discipline to which each component belongs and the design dependency rules between disciplines. Professional dependency rules are pre-stored in a rule base, including the attachment relationship of structural columns to building walls, the passage relationship of MEP lines to structural floor slabs, the hanging relationship of MEP lines to structural beams, and the attachment relationship of curtain walls to the main structure. When two components meet a certain professional dependency rule, a professional dependency edge is established between them. S13 establishes process logic edges according to the sequential construction order of each component in the construction schedule. For example, the superstructure construction can only proceed after the foundation construction is completed, and concrete pouring can only proceed after the rebar tying is completed. This sequential constraint relationship constitutes a process logic edge. S14 assigns a propagation coefficient to each edge.

[0030] The propagation coefficient represents the probability that a change in the source component will trigger a related change in the target component, ranging from 0 to 1. The propagation coefficient is determined by collecting linkage records of component changes in historical engineering projects. Each record includes the source component type, the source component change type (e.g., size change, location change, material change, deletion), the target component type, the edge type (geometric topology edge, professional dependency edge, or process logic edge), and whether the target component actually underwent a linkage change. Using the source component change type, target component type, and edge type as input features, and the frequency of actual linkage changes as labels, a logistic regression model is used to train and obtain the baseline values ​​of the propagation coefficients for each type combination. In specific projects, the baseline values ​​are adjusted based on the component material, connection method, and construction process. For example, the propagation coefficient of welded steel structure components is higher than that of bolted components, and the propagation coefficient of cast-in-place concrete components is higher than that of precast assembled components. The adjusted propagation coefficients are stored in the graph for subsequent propagation tracking.

[0031] Step S2 involves change identification and propagation tracking. When an engineering change order arrives, the system parses its content, including the change type, the involved component identifiers, and the changed parameters. Based on the component identifiers, the directly changed components are located in the BIM model. Starting with the directly changed components as the starting nodes, a breadth-first traversal is performed along the change propagation map. During the traversal, for each outgoing edge, the change amount of the source node is multiplied by the propagation coefficient of that edge to obtain the incremental amount of the propagated work at the target node. When the incremental amount of the propagated work is lower than a preset threshold, propagation along that path is stopped to control the calculation range. After the traversal is complete, a list of all affected components and their incremental amounts of propagated work are obtained.

[0032] Step S3 is the construction status determination. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the system obtains the actual completion percentage of each affected component from the construction progress management system. The change trigger time is compared with the time parameters of each component: if the actual completion percentage is zero, it means that construction of the component has not yet started, and it is determined to be in an unconstructed state; if the actual completion percentage is greater than zero but less than 100%, it means that the component is under construction, and it is determined to be in a construction state; if the actual completion percentage is 100%, it means that the component has been completed, and it is determined to be in a completed state. The construction status determination results are stored in association with the list of affected components.

[0033] Step S4 involves phased cost calculation. For each affected component, the corresponding cost calculation rule is selected based on its construction status.

[0034] For components not yet under construction, the following cost rule applies: the revised cost equals the revised quantity multiplied by the corresponding unit price, minus the original quantity multiplied by the corresponding unit price. If the change results in the deletion of the component, the revised cost is the negative original cost.

[0035] For components under construction, the following cost adjustment rule applies: the revised cost equals the protection cost of the completed portion plus the cost of the uncompleted portion calculated according to the revised parameters, minus the cost of the uncompleted portion according to the original plan. The protection cost of the completed portion is calculated by multiplying the completed work quantity by the unit price of the protection measures.

[0036] For components already completed, the demolition and rework cost rule applies: the demolition and rework cost equals the sum of demolition costs, waste removal costs, completed work protection costs, and reconstruction costs. Demolition costs are calculated by multiplying the completed work quantity by the demolition rate, which is selected from the quota library based on the component's material and structural type. Waste removal costs are calculated by multiplying the amount of waste generated during demolition by the waste removal unit price, which is estimated by multiplying the completed work quantity by the material density and looseness coefficient. Completed work protection costs are calculated by multiplying the adjacent completed work area requiring protection by the protection measure unit price, which is determined by identifying components directly connected to the component and in a completed state in the change propagation diagram. Reconstruction costs are calculated by multiplying the changed work quantity by the comprehensive unit price.

[0037] Step S5 involves multi-disciplinary coupled solution. For example... Figure 4 As shown, when a change order involves simultaneous changes to two or more disciplines such as architecture, structure, and mechanical and electrical engineering, the system performs spatial overlap detection on the affected components of each discipline. First, a 3D bounding box is generated for each affected component, determined by the minimum bounding cube of the component's geometric parameters. Then, pairwise intersection detection is performed on the bounding boxes of affected components from different disciplines to identify pairs of components with spatial overlap. For pairs of components with spatial overlap, the volume of the overlapping area is calculated, and the quantity of work in the overlapping area is deducted from the total quantity of work based on the proportion of each discipline's component's work in the overlapping area. Specifically, if a component from discipline A and a component from discipline B overlap in a certain area, and the work in that area has already been included in the work quantities of both disciplines, then twice the amount of work in the overlapping area is deducted from the total quantity of work to eliminate double counting.

[0038] Step S6 is the rolling baseline update. The changed costs of all affected components are summarized, and the deduplication of multi-disciplinary costs is subtracted to obtain the total cost adjustment for this change. This total cost adjustment is then added to the current cost baseline to generate a new cost baseline version. The system retains all historical baseline versions and their corresponding change records, including the time of each change, the content of the change, the list of affected components, and the cost adjustment details. Users can query the cost difference between any two baseline versions to trace the cumulative impact of each change on the total cost.

[0039] Example 2: System Structure

[0040] like Figure 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a BIM-based dynamic cost adjustment system for engineering changes, which includes seven modules.

[0041] The Change Propagation Graph Construction Module 1 is used to read the BIM model and construction schedule, extract the geometric parameters, spatial coordinates, professional attributes and process logic of the components, construct the component-level change propagation graph based on geometric topological relationships, professional dependencies and process logic relationships, and assign a propagation coefficient to each edge.

[0042] The Change Identification and Propagation Tracking Module 2 is used to receive engineering change instructions, parse the component identifiers and change parameters involved in the change instructions, identify directly changed components, perform breadth-first traversal along the change propagation graph with directly changed components as starting nodes, calculate the incremental amount of engineering work transmitted at each level of transmission node, and output a list of affected components.

[0043] The construction status determination module 3 is used to obtain the actual completion percentage of each affected component from the construction progress management system, compare the change trigger time with the time parameters of each component, and determine whether each affected component is in an unconstructed state, a state under construction, or a completed state.

[0044] Phased cost calculation module 4 is used to calculate the change cost of each affected component by calling new cost rules, adjusted cost rules, or demolition and rework cost rules according to the construction status of each component. The calculation of demolition and rework cost rules includes four sub-items: demolition cost, waste removal cost, completed work protection cost, and reconstruction cost.

[0045] The multi-disciplinary coupling solution module 5 is used to generate three-dimensional spatial bounding boxes for the affected components of each discipline when multiple disciplines change simultaneously, perform bounding box intersection detection, calculate the volume of overlapping areas, and perform deduplication processing according to the proportion of the project quantity.

[0046] The rolling baseline update module 6 is used to summarize the changed costs of each affected component and subtract the duplicate parts to obtain the total cost adjustment amount of this change. It is then added to the current cost baseline to generate a new version, and the historical baseline version is retained for traceability.

[0047] Output module 7 is used to output the total cost adjustment amount of this change, the cost details of each affected component, the change transmission path diagram, and the updated cost baseline as reports or visualization interfaces for use by cost managers and project decision-makers.

[0048] The modules mentioned above communicate with each other through a data interface. The output of the change propagation map construction module 1 serves as the input of the change identification and propagation tracking module 2. The output of the change identification and propagation tracking module 2 is simultaneously sent to the construction status determination module 3 and the phased cost calculation module 4. The output of the construction status determination module 3 is sent to the phased cost calculation module 4. The output of the phased cost calculation module 4 is sent to the multi-disciplinary coupling solution module 5. The output of the multi-disciplinary coupling solution module 5 is sent to the rolling baseline update module 6. The output of the rolling baseline update module 6 is sent to the output module 7.

[0049] Example 3: Optimization of the Change Plan

[0050] Building upon the above embodiments, this embodiment adds a change plan optimization function. When the owner or designer proposes multiple alternative change plans, the system executes steps S1 to S6 for each alternative plan to obtain the total cost adjustment amount for each plan. Simultaneously, the system estimates the expected impact on the construction period based on the number of components involved in the change and the length of the transmission path, and assesses the quality risk level based on the key components involved and the construction difficulty. Using the minimum total cost adjustment amount, the minimum expected impact on the construction period, and the lowest quality risk level as the three optimization objectives, a Pareto optimal solution set is generated through a multi-objective optimization algorithm (such as the NSGA-II algorithm). Each solution in the Pareto optimal solution set is superior to other solutions on at least one objective; no solution is dominated by another solution on all objectives. Decision-makers can select the final solution from the Pareto optimal solution set based on the project's specific preferences (such as cost priority, construction period priority, or quality priority).

[0051] In this embodiment, the method for estimating the expected impact on the construction period is as follows: The number of components in the construction phase and those not under construction along the change transmission path is counted, and the planned construction period of these components in the construction schedule is combined to calculate the adjustment time of the work process caused by the change. The method for assessing the quality risk level is as follows: Based on whether the components involved in the change are critical structural components, whether they involve concealed works, or whether demolition work is required on completed parts, the quality risk is divided into three levels: low, medium, and high.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Based on the geometric topological relationships, professional dependencies, and process logic relationships of each component in the BIM model, construct a component-level change propagation graph. The change propagation graph is a directed weighted graph, where nodes are BIM components, edges are change propagation paths between components, and the weight of the edges is the propagation coefficient. S2. Receive engineering change instructions, identify the directly changed components corresponding to the change instructions, traverse along the change propagation map with the directly changed components as the starting node, trace the change transmission path, and calculate the transmission volume increment of each transmission node. S3. Obtain the actual construction progress data of each affected component at the time of change triggering, and determine the construction status of each affected component. The construction status includes non-construction status, construction status and completed status. S4. Based on the construction status of each affected component, calculate the change cost of the component using the corresponding cost calculation rules. For the non-construction status, the new cost rule is used; for the construction status, the adjustment cost rule is used; and for the completed status, the demolition and rework cost rule is used. S5. When the change instruction involves simultaneous changes to two or more disciplines, spatial overlap detection is performed on the affected components of each discipline, and the engineering quantities in the overlapping areas are deduplicated. S6. Summarize the change costs of each affected component and subtract the duplicates to obtain the total cost adjustment amount for this change. Add the total cost adjustment amount to the current cost baseline and update the cost baseline.

2. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the component-level change propagation map in step S1 specifically includes: S11. Extract the geometric parameters and spatial coordinates of each component in the BIM model, and establish geometric topological edges based on the spatial adjacency and support relationships between components. S12. Based on the design dependency rules of each component's respective discipline and between disciplines, establish professional dependency edges. The professional dependency rules include the attachment relationship between structural components and building components, and the crossing or hanging relationship between electromechanical pipelines and structural components. S13. Based on the construction sequence and process logic of each component in the construction schedule, establish process logic edges; S14. Assign a propagation coefficient to each edge, whereby the propagation coefficient represents the probability that the target component will undergo a linked change when the source component changes.

3. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 2, characterized in that, The propagation coefficient in step S14 is determined in the following way: Collect linkage records of component changes in historical engineering projects, using source component change type, target component type, and edge type as input features, and the frequency of actual linkage changes as labels, and obtain the baseline value of the propagation coefficient of each type of edge through logistic regression model training; In specific projects, the benchmark values ​​are adjusted according to the component materials, connection methods, and construction techniques of the project.

4. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the construction status in step S3 specifically includes: Obtain the planned start time, planned completion time, and actual completion percentage for each component from the construction progress management system; The change trigger time is compared with the time parameters of each component. If the actual completion percentage is zero, it is determined to be in an unconstructed state. If the actual completion percentage is greater than zero but less than 100%, it is determined to be in a construction state. If the actual completion percentage is 100%, it is determined to be in a completed state.

5. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The demolition and rework cost rules applied to the completed state in step S4 include: The cost of demolition and rework equals the sum of demolition costs, waste removal costs, costs for protecting completed works, and costs for rebuilding. The demolition cost is calculated by multiplying the completed work volume by the demolition rate; the waste removal cost is calculated by multiplying the amount of waste generated by the demolition by the removal unit price; the completed work protection cost is calculated by multiplying the adjacent completed work area to be protected by the protection measure unit price; and the reconstruction cost is calculated by multiplying the revised work volume by the comprehensive unit price.

6. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial overlap detection and deduplication process in step S5 specifically includes: S51. Generate a three-dimensional bounding box for each affected component; S52. Perform intersection detection on the bounding boxes of affected components from different disciplines to identify pairs of components that have spatial overlap. S53. For component pairs with spatial overlap, calculate the volume of the overlapping area, and deduct the quantity of the overlapping area from the total quantity of the project once according to the proportion of the quantity of each professional component in the overlapping area, so as to eliminate duplicate measurement.

7. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling update of the cost baseline in step S6 specifically includes: Record the current cost baseline as the baseline version. After each change is completed, a new baseline version is generated. The new baseline version is equal to the previous baseline version plus the total cost adjustment amount of this change. All historical baseline versions and corresponding change records are retained, and the cost difference between any two changes can be traced.

8. The method and system for dynamic cost adjustment of engineering changes based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes steps for optimizing the change plan: When there are two or more alternative change options, calculate the total cost adjustment, estimated time impact, and quality risk level for each alternative option. With the objectives of minimizing the total cost adjustment, minimizing the impact of the estimated construction period, and minimizing the quality risk level, a Pareto optimal solution set is generated through a multi-objective optimization algorithm for decision-making.

9. A BIM-based dynamic cost adjustment system for engineering changes, characterized in that, include: The Change Propagation Map Construction Module is used to construct a component-level change propagation map based on the geometric topological relationships, professional dependencies, and process logic relationships of each component in the BIM model. The change identification and propagation tracking module is used to receive engineering change instructions, identify directly changed components, and track the change propagation path and the incremental amount of engineering work along the change propagation map. The construction status determination module is used to obtain the actual construction progress data of each affected component at the time of change triggering and determine the construction status. The phased cost calculation module is used to calculate the change cost based on the construction status of each affected component, using new cost rules, adjusted cost rules, or demolition and rework cost rules respectively. The multi-disciplinary coupled solution module is used to perform spatial overlap detection and deduplication of engineering quantities for affected components in scenarios where multiple disciplines change simultaneously. The rolling baseline update module is used to summarize the changed costs and update the cost baseline; The output module is used to output the total cost adjustment amount and cost details of this change.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the BIM-based dynamic cost adjustment method for engineering changes as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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