A single-chip OBU offline setting system adopting physical power-off and communication shielding

Abstract

The application discloses a single-chip OBU offline setting system adopting physical power-off and communication shielding, relates to the field of intelligent transportation, and aims to solve the problems of complicated operation and poor stability when a single-chip OBU is actively set to an offline state in the prior art; the system comprises a control module, a power management module, a communication shielding module and a real-time road condition fusion calculation module; the control module is electrically connected with the power management module, the communication shielding module and the real-time road condition fusion calculation module respectively and is used for outputting online instructions, offline instructions and pre-starting instructions of the OBU; the power management module is respectively used for receiving the offline instructions of the control module to cut off the power supply of an OBU core circuit to realize offline on a physical level, receiving the online instructions of the control module to restore the power supply of the OBU core circuit and receiving the pre-starting instructions of the control module to restore the power supply of the OBU core circuit in a timing mode. The application has the advantages of realizing double offline guarantees of physical power-off and wireless communication shielding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent transportation technology, and more specifically, to a single-chip OBU offline setup system that employs physical power-off and communication shielding. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of ETC technology, the single-chip on-board unit (OBU) has become an important device for vehicles passing through highways, toll stations and other scenarios.

[0003] Existing single-chip OBUs are usually in a continuous online state, capable of communicating wirelessly with roadside units (RSUs) in real time to complete operations such as automatic toll collection.

[0004] However, in actual use, users may have a need to actively take the OBU offline, such as when the vehicle is parked for a long time and the ETC function is not needed, to avoid the OBU being accidentally triggered to communicate, reduce unnecessary power consumption, or protect the user's vehicle passage privacy.

[0005] Currently, there is a lack of effective devices in existing technologies specifically designed for actively setting a monolithic OBU to an offline state.

[0006] While some OBUs have a low-power mode, they do not achieve true offline operation and may still communicate with external RSUs, resulting in poor stability. Other solutions achieve offline operation by physically removing the OBU power supply, but this is cumbersome, can easily damage the OBU, and makes it difficult to easily restore it to online status. Therefore, we propose a single-chip OBU offline setup system that employs physical power-off and communication shielding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-chip OBU offline setting system that employs physical power-off and communication shielding, aiming to solve the problems of cumbersome operation and poor stability when actively setting a single-chip OBU to offline state in the prior art.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a single-chip OBU offline setting system that adopts physical power-off and communication shielding, the system including a control module, a power management module, a communication shielding module and a real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module; The control module is electrically connected to the power management module, the communication shielding module, and the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module, respectively, and is used to output the online command, offline command, and pre-start command of the OBU; The power management module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to cut off the power supply to the OBU core circuit to achieve physical offline operation, receive online instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit, and receive pre-start instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals. The communication shielding module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to shield the wireless communication signals between the OBU and the outside, and to receive online instructions and pre-activation instructions from the control module to de-shield the OBU. The real-time traffic fusion calculation module is used to construct a calculation model of the estimated arrival time. Based on the calculation model, it calculates the estimated arrival time of the vehicle at the toll gate in real time, and outputs a pre-opening command to the control module according to the real-time calculated estimated arrival time. After the vehicle passes through the toll gate, it outputs an offline command to the control module.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a user interaction interface, which is used for users to actively input commands to switch between online and offline modes.

[0010] Preferably, the real-time traffic fusion calculation module is connected to both the vehicle navigation platform and the traffic data platform to obtain the vehicle's current location and the actual road distance to the toll booth, the vehicle's current speed, the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment, the number of toll lanes open at the toll booth, the real-time number of vehicles queuing at the open toll lanes, and the average arrival time per vehicle. The calculation model it constructs uses the following formula: ; In the formula, For the estimated arrival time, This refers to the actual road distance between the vehicle's current location and the toll booth. The vehicle's current speed. This represents the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment. The number of toll lanes open at the toll booth. The real-time number of vehicles queuing at the toll booth's open lanes. The average arrival time per vehicle. To allow for buffer time.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a data storage module, which is used to acquire and store all driving data related to arrival cost calculation during the vehicle's journey in real time. The driving data includes vehicle mileage, toll road segment identification, segment travel time, corresponding toll standard association code, and location timestamp during the journey.

[0012] Preferably, when the power management module restores power to the OBU core circuit and the communication shielding module is unshielded, the data storage module uses a priority upload algorithm to upload driving data to the OBU according to priority rules until all driving data is uploaded. The specific priority rules are as follows: the newness of the data generation timestamp is the first priority, the toll level of the toll road section is the second priority, and the data integrity is the third priority.

[0013] Preferably, the priority upload algorithm adopts the following formula: ; In the formula, , , These are the weighting coefficients, and + + =1, The time priority score is assigned as follows: recent data is assigned 1.0, and earlier data is assigned 0.5. The toll level of the road segment is scored, with 1.0 for high level, 0.7 for medium level, and 0.4 for low level. The data integrity score is calculated as follows: 1.0 for complete data and 0.3 for partially missing data.

[0014] Preferably, when the control module outputs a pre-start command, it calculates the estimated arrival time by the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module. Perform a second verification; if the calculation is repeated three times consecutively... If the difference is ≤5 seconds, the pre-start command is confirmed and output. If the difference is >5 seconds, the control module does not output the command until three consecutive calculations are performed. Trigger only after the difference is ≤5 seconds to avoid accidental triggering during pre-activation.

[0015] Preferably, when the power management module receives the pre-start command from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals, it uses a gradient power supply method to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit: first, it supplies power at 50% of the rated voltage for 1-2 seconds to complete the circuit preheating, and then it increases to the rated voltage for full load power supply.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a status indicator module, which is used to indicate the current status of the OBU to the user through indicator lights or a display interface.

[0017] Preferably, the user interaction interface adopts one or more combinations of buttons, DIP switches, or touch controls.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, the control module, power management module, and communication shielding module work together to achieve dual offline protection through physical power outage and wireless communication shielding. This ensures the reliability of the offline state without requiring complex user operations. Simultaneously, the real-time traffic fusion calculation module constructs an accurate estimated arrival time calculation model based on multi-dimensional traffic data, which can trigger a pre-activation command in advance, allowing the OBU to automatically return to online status before reaching the toll booth, ensuring smooth toll collection. After the vehicle passes, it automatically returns to offline status, balancing ease of use and energy efficiency. Furthermore, the user interaction interface and status indicator module further meet the user's need to actively switch states and provide real-time feedback on the OBU's working status, enhancing the user experience.

[0019] 2. This invention, by adding a data storage module, enables real-time storage of all driving data related to arrival fee calculation during vehicle operation, avoiding data loss due to OBU offline or power outages, and providing complete and comprehensive data support for subsequent fee calculation. Simultaneously, it employs an upload algorithm prioritizing data based on time, toll level, and data integrity, clearly defining the data upload order through weight allocation. This ensures that recently generated, high-toll level, and complete key data are uploaded first, improving upload efficiency and effectively avoiding fee calculation errors caused by disordered upload order. This guarantees the accuracy and timeliness of fee calculation and further enhances the OBU's processing capabilities.

[0020] 3. The control module performs a secondary verification of the estimated arrival time calculated by the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module. It requires that the difference between three consecutive calculation results be ≤5 seconds before triggering the pre-opening command. This effectively avoids the deviation of the estimated arrival time caused by traffic condition fluctuations and avoids the false triggering of the pre-opening command. This verification mechanism greatly improves the accuracy of the pre-opening command, prevents the OBU from activating too early and wasting energy, or activating too late and affecting the efficiency of toll collection. At the same time, it reduces the frequent start-stop of the circuit due to false triggering, reduces equipment wear and tear, and further enhances the stability and reliability of the system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: This example addresses the problems of cumbersome operation and poor stability when actively setting a single-chip OBU to offline state in the prior art. This example discloses a single-chip OBU offline setting system that adopts physical power-off and communication shielding. The system includes a control module, a power management module, a communication shielding module, and a real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module. The control module is electrically connected to the power management module, the communication shielding module, and the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module, respectively, and is used to output the online command, offline command, and pre-start command of the OBU; The power management module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to cut off the power supply to the OBU core circuit to achieve physical offline operation, receive online instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit, and receive pre-power-on instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals. The communication shielding module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to shield the OBU from external wireless communication signals, and to receive online instructions and pre-activation instructions from the control module to de-shield the OBU. The real-time traffic fusion calculation module is used to build a calculation model of the estimated arrival time. Based on the calculation model, it calculates the estimated arrival time of the vehicle to the toll gate in real time, and outputs a pre-opening command to the control module according to the real-time calculated estimated arrival time. After the vehicle passes through the toll gate, it outputs an offline command to the control module. The real-time traffic fusion calculation module is connected to both the vehicle navigation platform and the traffic data platform to obtain information such as the vehicle's current location and the actual road distance to the toll booth, the vehicle's current speed, the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment, the number of open toll lanes, the real-time number of vehicles queuing at the open toll lanes, and the average arrival time per vehicle. The calculation model it constructs uses the following formula: ; In the formula, For the estimated arrival time, This refers to the actual road distance between the vehicle's current location and the toll booth. The vehicle's current speed. This represents the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment. The number of toll lanes open at the toll booth. The real-time number of vehicles queuing at the toll booth's open lanes. The average arrival time per vehicle. To allow for buffer time, a formula verification scenario is defined, assuming: It is 1200 meters. The speed is 60 km / h (≈16.67 m / s). It is 1.1. There are 3 items. There are 2 vehicles. There are 3 vehicles. For 1 vehicle, There are 6 vehicles. It lasts for 7 seconds. It lasts for 8 seconds; Step-by-step calculation: first step: = ≈65.44 seconds; Step Two: = ≈4.67 seconds; Step 3: =65.44+4.67=78.11 seconds, which means the estimated time for the vehicle to arrive at the toll booth is approximately 78.11 seconds; In this embodiment, a user interaction interface and a status indication module are also included: The user interaction interface is used to allow users to actively input commands to switch between online and offline modes. The user interaction interface adopts one or more combinations of buttons, DIP switches, or touch controls. The status indicator module is used to inform the user of the current status of the OBU through indicator lights or a display interface.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, the real-time traffic fusion calculation module establishes a connection with the vehicle navigation platform and traffic data platform to obtain multi-dimensional data such as the actual road distance between the vehicle's current location and the toll booth, and the driving speed. It calculates the estimated arrival time in real time using an estimated arrival time calculation model. If pre-activation is required, a pre-activation command is output to the control module. After the vehicle passes through the toll booth, an offline command is output. Users can also actively input switching commands through the user interface. After receiving the above commands, the control module issues corresponding commands to the power management module and the communication shielding module: when receiving the offline command, the power management module cuts off the power supply to the OBU core circuit, and the communication shielding module shields the wireless communication signal, achieving dual offline operation (physical and communication); when receiving the online command or pre-activation command, the power management module restores power, and the communication shielding module unshields the signal. Simultaneously, the status indicator module provides feedback on the OBU's current status to the user through indicator lights or a display interface. This embodiment solves the problems of cumbersome and unstable active offline operation of the existing OBU technology. It achieves automatic and accurate switching between OBU offline, pre-activation, and online modes without frequent manual intervention from the user. The user interface caters to different usage habits, and the status indicator allows users to monitor the device status in real time, greatly improving operational convenience, system stability, and user experience.

[0024] Example 2: This example is basically the same as Example 1, except that this example also includes a data storage module. The data storage module is used to acquire and store all driving data related to the calculation of arrival fees during the vehicle's journey in real time. The driving data includes the vehicle's mileage, toll road segment identification, road segment travel time, corresponding road segment toll standard association code, and location timestamp during the journey. Furthermore, once the power management module restores power to the OBU core circuit and the communication shielding module is unshielded, the data storage module uses a priority upload algorithm to upload driving data to the OBU according to priority rules until all driving data is uploaded. The specific priority rules are as follows: the newness of the data generation timestamp is the first priority, the toll level of the toll road section is the second priority, and the data integrity is the third priority. The priority upload algorithm uses the following formula: ; In the formula, , , These are the weighting coefficients, and + + =1, The time priority score is assigned as follows: recent data is assigned 1.0, and earlier data is assigned 0.5. The toll level of the road segment is scored, with 1.0 for high level, 0.7 for medium level, and 0.4 for low level. To assign a data integrity score, 1.0 is assigned to complete data and 0.3 to partially missing data. Three validation scenarios are defined: Scenario 1, Scenario 2, and Scenario 3. Scenario 1 is high-priority data (recently added to higher fee levels and complete data); set up: , , The values ​​are 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2 respectively. It is 1.0. It is 1.0. It is 1.0; =0.5×1.0+0.3×1.0+0.2×1.0=0.5+0.3+0.2=1.0; Scenario 2 involves low to medium priority data (early data with medium to high fee levels and some missing data). set up: , , The values ​​are 0.4, 0.4, and 0.2 respectively. It is 0.5. It is 0.7. It is 0.3; =0.4×0.5+0.4×0.7+0.2×0.3=0.2+0.28+0.06=0.54; Scenario 3 involves low-priority data (early data with low-fee tiers and some missing data). set up: , , The values ​​are 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2 respectively. It is 0.5. It is 0.4. It is 0.3; =0.5×0.5+0.3×0.4+0.2×0.3=0.25+0.12+0.06=0.43.

[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the data storage module acquires and stores all driving data related to arrival cost calculation in real time, such as mileage and toll road segment identification during vehicle operation. The real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module acquires data, calculates the estimated arrival time, and sends instructions to the control module according to the process in Embodiment 1. Users can also actively switch through the user interaction interface. After receiving the instructions, the control module controls the power management module to cut off and restore power, and the communication shielding module to shield and unshield. When the power management module restores power and the communication shielding module is unshielded, the data storage module starts the priority upload algorithm. According to the rules of data generation timestamp (first priority), toll road segment toll level (second priority), and data integrity (third priority), the data priority is calculated by weight allocation formula, prioritizing the upload of recent, high toll level, and complete driving data until all data is uploaded. In this embodiment, the data storage module ensures that key data for cost calculation is not lost, and the priority upload algorithm enables rapid transmission of core data, avoiding processing delays caused by disordered data uploads, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of toll calculation. At the same time, the various modules work together to achieve stable switching between OBU offline and online, improving the data processing efficiency and overall reliability of the toll system.

[0026] Example 3: This example is basically the same as Example 1, except that in this example, when the control module outputs the pre-opening command, it calculates the estimated arrival time based on the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module. Perform a second verification; if the calculation is repeated three times consecutively... If the difference is ≤5 seconds, the pre-start command is confirmed and output. If the difference is >5 seconds, the control module does not output the command until after three consecutive calculations. Trigger only after the difference is ≤5 seconds to avoid accidental triggering during pre-activation.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the real-time traffic fusion calculation module acquires multi-dimensional data in the manner described in Embodiment 1, and continuously calculates the estimated arrival time through the calculation model. And feed back to the control module; the control module receives. Then a secondary verification mechanism is initiated, and the data is retrieved three times consecutively. The difference is calculated. If the difference is ≤5 seconds for all three tests, a pre-start command is sent to the power management module and the communication shielding module. If the difference is >5 seconds, no command is output until the verification condition is met. In this embodiment, the control module controls... The secondary verification filters out calculation deviations caused by temporary fluctuations in real-time traffic conditions, avoids accidental triggering of pre-activation commands, prevents energy waste and invalid data interaction caused by premature restoration of power and communication by the OBU, and ensures that the OBU only enters working state when the vehicle is about to arrive at the toll booth. This not only ensures smooth connection with the toll system during passage, but also improves the accuracy and stability of system operation, and avoids the decline in user experience caused by accidental triggering.

[0028] Example 4: This example is basically the same as Example 1. The difference is that in this example, when the power management module receives the pre-start command from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals, it uses a gradient power supply method to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit: first, it supplies power at 50% of the rated voltage for 1-2 seconds to complete the circuit preheating, and then it increases to the rated voltage for full load power supply.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the real-time traffic fusion calculation module calculates the estimated arrival time. Afterwards, a pre-start command is output to the control module; upon receiving the command, the control module sends a pre-start command to the power management module and simultaneously sends a de-shielding command to the communication shielding module; upon receiving the pre-start command, the power management module adopts a gradient power supply method: first, it supplies power to the OBU core circuit at 50% of the rated voltage for 1-2 seconds to complete preheating, and then increases the power supply to the rated voltage for full load; the communication shielding module simultaneously de-shields, allowing the OBU to enter a stable working state; in this embodiment, the gradient power supply method avoids the voltage surge of instantaneous full load power supply to the circuit components, extends the service life of the OBU core circuit, and reduces the failure rate; the circuit preheating allows the electronic components to gradually adapt to the working voltage, ensuring that the OBU can quickly and stably operate after power is restored, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of data interaction with the toll collection system, and the various modules work together to achieve a smooth switching between OBU offline and online, further improving the stability and durability of the system.

[0030] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A single-chip OBU offline setup system employing physical power-off and communication shielding, characterized in that, The system includes a control module, a power management module, a communication shielding module, and a real-time traffic condition fusion computing module; The control module is electrically connected to the power management module, the communication shielding module, and the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module, respectively, and is used to output the online command, offline command, and pre-start command of the OBU; The power management module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to cut off the power supply to the OBU core circuit to achieve physical offline operation, receive online instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit, and receive pre-start instructions from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals. The communication shielding module is used to receive offline instructions from the control module to shield the wireless communication signals between the OBU and the outside, and to receive online instructions and pre-activation instructions from the control module to de-shield the OBU. The real-time traffic fusion calculation module is used to construct a calculation model of the estimated arrival time. Based on the calculation model, it calculates the estimated arrival time of the vehicle at the toll gate in real time, and outputs a pre-opening command to the control module according to the real-time calculated estimated arrival time. After the vehicle passes through the toll gate, it outputs an offline command to the control module.

2. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a user interaction interface, which allows users to actively input commands to switch between online and offline modes.

3. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time traffic fusion calculation module is connected to both the vehicle navigation platform and the traffic data platform to obtain the vehicle's current location and the actual road distance to the toll booth, the vehicle's current speed, the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment, the number of toll lanes open at the toll booth, the real-time number of vehicles queuing at the open toll lanes, and the average arrival time per vehicle. The calculation model it constructs uses the following formula: ； In the formula, For the estimated arrival time, This refers to the actual road distance between the vehicle's current location and the toll booth. The vehicle's current speed. This represents the real-time congestion coefficient of the road segment. The number of toll lanes open at the toll booth. The real-time number of vehicles queuing at the toll booth's open lanes. The average arrival time per vehicle. To allow for buffer time.

4. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a data storage module, which is used to acquire and store all driving data related to arrival cost calculation during the vehicle's journey in real time. The driving data includes vehicle mileage, toll road segment identification, road segment travel time, corresponding road segment toll standard association code, and location timestamp during the journey.

5. The single-chip OBU offline setting system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the power management module restores power to the OBU core circuit and the communication shielding module is unshielded, the data storage module uses a priority upload algorithm to upload driving data to the OBU according to priority rules until all driving data is uploaded. The specific priority rules are as follows: the newness of the data generation timestamp is the first priority, the toll level of the toll road section is the second priority, and the data integrity is the third priority.

6. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The priority upload algorithm uses the following formula: ； In the formula, , , These are the weighting coefficients, and + + =1, Score based on time priority. To score the toll level of the road section, Score for data integrity.

7. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the control module outputs a pre-opening command, it calculates the estimated arrival time based on the real-time traffic condition fusion calculation module. Perform a second verification; if the calculation is repeated three times consecutively... If the difference is ≤5 seconds, the pre-start command is confirmed and output. If the difference is >5 seconds, the control module does not output the command until three consecutive calculations are performed. Trigger only after the difference is ≤5 seconds to avoid accidental triggering during pre-activation.

8. The single-chip OBU offline setup system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the power management module receives the pre-start command from the control module to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit at regular intervals, it uses a gradient power supply method to restore the power supply to the OBU core circuit: first, it supplies power at 50% of the rated voltage for 1-2 seconds to complete the circuit preheating, and then it increases to the rated voltage for full load power supply.

9. A single-chip OBU offline setup system employing physical power-off and communication shielding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a status indicator module, which is used to indicate the current status of the OBU to the user through indicator lights or a display interface.

10. A single-chip OBU offline setup system employing physical power-off and communication shielding as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The user interaction interface adopts one or more combinations of buttons, DIP switches, or touch controls.

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