An overlying pressure warning device for direct-buried cable protection pipe

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of overburden pressure warning device on direct-buried cable protection pipe, set in cable well, inspection well or hand hole well outside pipe orifice transition section, including support cover, support seat component, pipe protection component, lateral extrusion limiting component, fixed component, rotary unlocking component, extrusion component and limit tripping component.Support cover is provided with high-visibility warning color band, main air bag is located between support cover and protection pipe, and after being pressed, it is inflated to auxiliary air bag through one-way threshold valve, and slowly backflows through back gas throttle valve.Auxiliary air bag expansion drives second extrusion plate to compress backfill layer, and fixed component keeps the position of compression, and rotary unlocking component releases limit tripping component in order.When auxiliary air bag reaches preset limit state, end compression seat opens valve through rack and pinion, so that pressure liquid is discharged, plug rod and support seat locking are released, and support cover moves downward along preset limit stroke, so as to excavate warning, pressure buffering, lateral retention and limit displacement protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground power cable pipeline laying protection technology, and particularly relates to a pressure warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe. Background Technology

[0002] Direct-buried cable protection pipes are used to isolate and protect cables in underground laying environments. In general straight-line burial sections, the soil around the protection pipe is relatively continuous, and the overburden pressure can be transmitted relatively evenly along the length of the pipe. However, near the inlet and outlet of cable wells, inspection wells, or manholes, one end of the protection pipe is close to the well wall or the pipe opening, while the other end extends into the backfill soil of the trench. At this location, there are both rigid boundaries and deformable soil boundaries, and the stress environment is different from that of ordinary straight-line burial sections.

[0003] In areas surrounding municipal roads, factory roads, power distribution facilities, or residential pipelines, the vicinity of manholes is often subject to subsequent maintenance, road excavation, pipeline installation, road surface restoration, and partial secondary backfilling. When vehicles or construction machinery operate over this area, the load is easily transferred to the protective pipe opening section via the backfill soil. The load-bearing state of the backfill soil may also change due to factors such as compaction, moisture content, settlement, and repeated disturbances, making the protective pipe opening section more susceptible to uneven settlement, eccentric vertical loads, and excavation disturbances.

[0004] In current construction practices, sand cushion layers, backfill soil covering, warning tapes, or partial cover plates are commonly used to protect directly buried protective pipes. While these methods can provide some isolation or warning in ordinary straight-line buried sections, they are insufficient to simultaneously meet the needs of pressure protection and pre-excavation warning when used in transition sections outside the manhole. For example, warning tapes are primarily used for excavation warnings and cannot withstand overburden pressure; while ordinary cover plates can distribute some vertical loads, differential settlement between the manhole wall and backfill soil can lead to localized contact or gap changes between the cover plate and the protective pipe, which is still detrimental to the stable protection of the pipe opening section. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure-resistant warning device for buried cable protection pipes. This device addresses the technical problem in the prior art where, at the transition section of the buried cable protection pipe opening outside the inlet and outlet of cable wells, inspection wells, or manholes, one end of the protection pipe is close to the well wall or through-wall opening, while the other end is in the backfill soil of the trench. Under the influence of vehicle traffic, construction excavation, repeated backfilling, and differential settlement, existing warning tapes, sand cushions, or ordinary covers are insufficient to simultaneously protect against the overlying load and provide pre-excavation warnings. This results in the pipe opening section being prone to localized pressure, shear bending, or accidental damage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe includes: a support cover, which is disposed above the direct-buried cable protection pipe and forms a sliding hinge support through a support base assembly, wherein the outer wall of the support cover is provided with a highly visible warning color strip or warning label layer; a pipe protection assembly, disposed inside the support cover, including a main airbag located between the support cover and the cable protection pipe, a secondary airbag adjacent to the main airbag, and a one-way threshold valve and a return air throttle valve connected in parallel between the main airbag and the secondary airbag; a lateral compression limiting assembly, which is driven by the expansion of the secondary airbag to compress the backfill soil layer; a fixing assembly, which is used to maintain the compressed position of the lateral compression limiting assembly; a rotation unlocking assembly, which releases the limit release assembly as the lateral compression limiting assembly moves; and a compression assembly, which is used to trigger the limit release assembly when the secondary airbag reaches a preset limit state, so as to release the rigid locking of the support base assembly and cause the support cover to move downward along a preset limit stroke.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the support assembly includes: two support bases, respectively disposed at the bottom ends of the support cover; a plurality of elastic protective tubes for connecting the support bases and the support cover; a first connecting lug, one end of which is connected to the well wall end, and the other end of which is slidably connected to one of the support bases; a second connecting lug, one end of which is connected to the backfill soil layer, and the other end of which is slidably connected to the other support base; a first hinged support, fixedly installed on the support cover; and a second hinged support, fixedly installed on the support base and rotatably connected to the first hinged support.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the protective tube assembly further includes: two first compression plates, respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the auxiliary airbag; two end clamping seats, respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two first compression plates; the main airbag is arranged along the length of the cable protection tube and is used to be compressed when the support cover is pressed down; the one-way threshold valve is used to open when the pressure in the main airbag reaches a first preset pressure, so that the main airbag inflates the auxiliary airbag; the return air throttle valve is used to allow the gas in the auxiliary airbag to slowly flow back to the main airbag when the external load decreases.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the lateral compression limiting assembly includes: a mounting box slidably disposed inside the support cover; a connecting pipe fixedly connected to the mounting box and slidably connected to the support cover; a second compression plate fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe away from the mounting box; and a first spring, one end connected to the support cover and the other end connected to the mounting box; the mounting box moves under the thrust of the expansion of the auxiliary airbag and drives the second compression plate to compact the backfill soil layer through the connecting pipe.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the fixing component includes: a fixing cover, fixedly installed on the support cover, having a limiting groove thereon; a sliding connecting seat, fixedly connected to the mounting box and slidingly extending into the fixing cover; a positioning plate, fixedly installed in the sliding connecting seat; a limiting post, slidably installed in the sliding connecting seat; and a third spring, disposed between the positioning plate and the limiting post; the limiting post can cooperate with the limiting groove when the mounting box moves to a preset position to maintain the pressing position of the second extrusion plate.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the rotary unlocking assembly includes: a fixed base, fixedly installed inside the support cover; a rotating shaft, rotatably installed on the fixed base; a drive column, fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and the surface of the drive column has a track groove; a drive frame, fixedly installed on the mounting box and cooperating with the track groove; and a knob plate, fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. When the mounting box moves, the drive frame drives the drive column and the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the knob plate releases the limit on the ultimate release assembly.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the extrusion assembly includes: a third extrusion plate, fixedly connected to the mounting box and disposed opposite to the end clamping seat; a movable plate, slidably disposed on the third extrusion plate; and a second spring, one end of which is connected to the third extrusion plate and the other end of which is connected to the movable plate. A drive rack is fixedly mounted on the movable plate; a transmission gear meshes with the drive rack; when the auxiliary airbag reaches a preset limit state, the end clamping seat pushes the movable plate to move, and drives the transmission gear to rotate through the drive rack.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the ultimate release assembly includes: a rod for extending toward the backfill layer; a connecting plate slidably installed inside the mounting box and slidably connected to the rod; a fourth spring disposed between the connecting plate and the mounting box; after the knob plate is released from its limit position, the fourth spring drives the connecting plate to move, thereby causing the rod to extend toward the backfill layer.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the ultimate tripping assembly further includes: a first connecting hose, fixedly installed on the connecting plate; a valve, disposed at one end of the first connecting hose, the valve's knob switch end being fixedly connected to the transmission gear; a rectangular delivery pipe, communicating with the other end of the first connecting hose; a plurality of positioning seats, fixedly installed on the connecting plate and communicating with the rectangular delivery pipe; a telescopic push rod, slidably installed on the positioning seats and inserted into the insertion rod; a fifth spring, disposed between the positioning seats and the telescopic push rod; when the transmission gear rotates, the valve is opened, allowing the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose, the rectangular delivery pipe, and the positioning seats to be discharged, and the telescopic push rod is retracted to release the insertion limit on the insertion rod.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the ultimate tripping assembly further includes: a second connecting hose, one end of which is connected to the first connecting hose, and the other end which extends into the interior of the support base; a pressure-bearing space is formed inside the support base that is connected to the second connecting hose; after the valve is opened, the second connecting hose and the pressurized liquid in the pressure-bearing space are discharged with the first connecting hose to release the rigid locking of the first connecting lug and the second connecting lug relative to the support base, so that the support cover and the support base move downward along a preset limit stroke.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention involves placing a support cover above the buried cable protection pipe, and having the two ends of the support cover connected by a support base, a first connecting ear plate, a second connecting ear plate, a first hinged support seat, a second hinged support seat, and an elastic protective pipe to form a support fit between the well wall end and the soil end. When the transition section of the pipe opening outside the well is subjected to vehicle rolling, backfill settlement, or local construction loads, the overlying pressure is first borne by the support cover and support base assembly. The support cover can generate a small amount of rotation and downward pressure, and the elastic protective pipe absorbs part of the vertical impact, thereby reducing the risk of local squeezing, shear bending, or hard contact caused by inconsistent displacement between the rigid well wall and the deformable backfill soil at the pipe opening section of the protective pipe.

[0017] 2. This invention provides a main airbag between the support cover and the cable protection pipe, and an auxiliary airbag, a one-way threshold valve, and a return air throttle valve are installed adjacent to the main airbag. This allows the main airbag to fill the gap outside the protection pipe and provide isolation in the initial state. When the support cover is compressed, causing the internal pressure of the main airbag to rise to the set opening pressure, the one-way threshold valve allows the gas in the main airbag to enter the auxiliary airbag. After the external load is released, the gas in the auxiliary airbag slowly flows back to the main airbag through the return air throttle valve. This reduces the pressure peak during the compression and unloading process and reduces the impact fluctuations caused by the repeated return of the support cover.

[0018] 3. This invention uses the expansion of the auxiliary airbag to move the mounting box, which in turn causes the connecting pipe to drive the second extrusion plate to press the backfill soil layer. The sliding connecting seat, fixed cover, limiting column, and third spring maintain the pressing state of the second extrusion plate after the mounting box moves to the preset position. This prevents the support cover from immediately retracting in the opposite direction when the load fluctuates over a short period of time. At the same time, the movement of the mounting box drives the drive frame, drive column, rotating shaft, and knob plate to move, so that the insertion rod can be inserted into the soil wall after the backfill soil layer has been pressed. This improves the lateral holding capacity of the support cover in the backfill soil disturbance area near the wellhead.

[0019] 4. This invention utilizes the cooperation of an end clamping seat, a moving plate, a drive rack, and a transmission gear to allow the auxiliary airbag to continue expanding to a preset limit pressure, at which point the valve opens. After the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose, the rectangular delivery pipe, and the positioning seat is discharged, the telescopic top rod returns to the positioning seat under the action of the fifth spring and releases the insertion of the insertion rod. After the pressurized liquid in the second connecting hose and the support base is discharged simultaneously, the first and second connecting ear plates resume sliding engagement with the support base, allowing the support cover and the support base to move downward along a preset stroke, thereby providing clearance space for the overlying structure under pressure exceeding the conventional buffer range. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective tube assembly in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the components inside the support cover in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion assembly in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral extrusion limiting component in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the fixing component in this invention; Figure 9This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing component in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the ultimate tripping assembly in this invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning seat, telescopic top rod, and fifth spring in this invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary unlocking component in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the support assembly in this invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100, Support cover; 110, Protective tube assembly; 111, Secondary airbag; 112, First compression plate; 113, Main airbag; 114, End clamping seat; 115, One-way threshold valve; 116, Return air throttle valve; 120, Lateral compression limiting assembly; 121, Second compression plate; 122, Connecting tube; 123, First spring; 124, Mounting box; 130, Support seat assembly; 131, Elastic protective tube; 132, First connecting ear plate; 133, Support base; 134, First hinged support seat; 135, Second hinged support seat; 136, Second connecting ear plate; 140, Rotary unlocking assembly; 141, Fixed seat; 142, Drive frame; 1 43. Drive column; 144. Knob plate; 145. Rotating shaft; 150. Extrusion assembly; 151. Third extrusion plate; 152. Moving plate; 153. Second spring; 154. Drive rack; 155. Transmission gear; 160. Fixing assembly; 161. Fixing cover; 162. Sliding connecting seat; 163. Positioning plate; 164. Third spring; 165. Limiting column; 170. Limit release assembly; 171. Insert rod; 172. Rectangular conveying pipe; 173. Connecting plate; 174. First connecting hose; 175. Second connecting hose; 176. Valve; 178. Fourth spring; 179. Positioning seat; 1791. Telescopic top rod; 1792. Fifth spring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] This invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not to scale. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted in the description of this invention that the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figure 13 As shown, a pressure-resistant warning device for a directly buried cable protection pipe includes: a support cover 100, a pipe protection assembly 110, a lateral compression limiting assembly 120, a support base assembly 130, a rotary unlocking assembly 140, a compression assembly 150, a fixing assembly 160, and an ultimate tripping assembly 170. The support cover 100 is positioned above the directly buried cable protection pipe and can be configured as an open-bottomed structure, with its inner cavity accommodating the pipe protection assembly 110, the lateral compression limiting assembly 120, the rotary unlocking assembly 140, the compression assembly 150, the fixing assembly 160, and the ultimate tripping assembly 170. The outer wall of the support cover 100 is provided with a highly visible warning strip or warning label layer. When maintenance or excavation approaches the area where the cable protection pipe is located, the construction tools will first contact or expose the support cover 100 and its outer warning label layer, which helps to create an identifiable warning before the cable protection pipe is directly disturbed.

[0027] The locations of cable protection conduits near the inlets and outlets of cable wells, inspection wells, or manholes are typically in areas of abrupt stiffness change: the well wall end is constrained by the concrete well wall, while the soil end is affected by the settlement of the backfill soil and vehicle loads. When the load above acts repeatedly, local misalignment can easily form between the well wall end and the soil end. The cable protection conduit opening section is not subjected to simple vertical pressure, but rather to a complex stress formed by vertical pressure, eccentric bending moment, and shear action. To address this type of stress state, the support cover 100 does not directly and rigidly press onto the cable protection conduit. Instead, it forms supports at both ends through the support base assembly 130, and a protective conduit assembly 110 is installed between the support cover 100 and the cable protection conduit. This allows the overhead load to be first borne by the support cover 100, and then distributed through the support base assembly 130 and the protective conduit assembly 110.

[0028] like Figure 13As shown, the support assembly 130 includes two support bases 133, multiple elastic protective tubes 131, a first connecting lug 132, a second connecting lug 136, a first hinged support 134, and a second hinged support 135. The two support bases 133 are respectively disposed at both ends of the bottom of the support cover 100, serving to support the two sides of the support cover 100. Multiple elastic protective tubes 131 are disposed between the support bases 133 and the support cover 100. The elastic protective tubes 131 can be corrugated elastic sleeves or elastic pipes with axial compression to provide a recoverable compression stroke when the support cover 100 is compressed. One end of the first connecting lug 132 is used to connect to the well wall end, and the other end is slidably connected to one of the support bases 133; one end of the second connecting lug 136 is used to connect to the backfill layer or soil end fixing structure, and the other end is slidably connected to the other support base 133. The first hinged support 134 is fixedly installed on the support cover 100, and the second hinged support 135 is fixedly installed on the support base 133. The first hinged support 134 and the second hinged support 135 are rotatably connected, so that the support cover 100 can rotate at a small angle when subjected to eccentric load.

[0029] When the well wall end is relatively stable while the soil end settles, the support cover 100 can release part of the angular displacement through the rotational engagement of the first hinged support seat 134 and the second hinged support seat 135, absorb part of the vertical displacement through the axial compression of the elastic protective tube 131, and reserve a channel for subsequent displacement through the sliding engagement of the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 with the support base 133. In this way, the support cover 100 does not need to directly convert the displacement difference between the two ends into the bending deformation of the cable protection pipe opening section, which helps to reduce local stress concentration in the pipe opening section.

[0030] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the cable protection assembly 110 includes a main airbag 113, a secondary airbag 111, two first compression plates 112, two end clamping seats 114, a one-way threshold valve 115, and a return air throttle valve 116. The main airbag 113 is located between the support cover 100 and the cable protection pipe and is arranged along the length of the cable protection pipe; the secondary airbag 111 is arranged adjacent to the main airbag 113 and is located inside the support cover 100. The two first compression plates 112 are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the secondary airbag 111, and the two end clamping seats 114 are respectively fixedly installed on the opposite surfaces of the two first compression plates 112, so that when the secondary airbag 111 expands, it can transmit the expansion displacement along the axial direction of the cable protection pipe to the end clamping seats 114. A one-way threshold valve 115 and a return air throttle valve 116 are connected in parallel between the main airbag 113 and the auxiliary airbag 111. The one-way threshold valve 115 is used to control the initial pressure of the main airbag 113 inflating the auxiliary airbag 111, and the return air throttle valve 116 is used to control the speed at which the auxiliary airbag 111 returns air to the main airbag 113.

[0031] In its initial state, the main airbag 113 fills the space between the support cover 100 and the cable protection pipe, maintaining a pre-inflated state to ensure there are no hard gaps between them. The outer surface of the main airbag 113 is close to the outer wall of the cable protection pipe. When backfill soil particles enter the gap below the support cover 100, the main airbag 113 can also fill the gap and prevent mud from entering, reducing the direct pressure of sharp particles on the outer wall of the cable protection pipe. The auxiliary airbag 111 is positioned above or slightly above the main airbag 113. In its initial state, the auxiliary airbag 111 can remain uninflated or slightly pre-inflated, ensuring it has space to receive the gas discharged from the main airbag 113.

[0032] When vehicle loads, construction loads, or secondary compaction of backfill soil occur, the overlying pressure first acts on the support cover 100. The support cover 100 rotates at a small angle or is slightly compressed through the first hinged support seat 134 and the second hinged support seat 135, compressing the elastic protective tube 131. The main airbag 113 is compressed as the relative gap between the support cover 100 and the cable protection tube decreases. According to the pressure-volume change relationship during gas compression, the internal pressure of the main airbag 113 increases when its volume decreases. When the pressure inside the main airbag 113 reaches the first preset pressure of the one-way threshold valve 115, the one-way threshold valve 115 opens, and the gas inside the main airbag 113 enters the auxiliary airbag 111, releasing the peak pressure inside the main airbag 113 into the expansion space of the auxiliary airbag 111. At this time, the main airbag 113 still maintains its covering and support for the cable protection tube, but no longer transmits all the pressure exceeding the preset range to the cable protection tube, which helps reduce the possibility of the outer wall of the tube being locally flattened or damaged.

[0033] As the external load decreases, the elastic protective tube 131 gradually recovers, and the support cover 100 returns to its original position. The pressure on the main airbag 113 decreases, and a reverse pressure difference appears between the auxiliary airbag 111 and the main airbag 113. The gas in the auxiliary airbag 111 slowly flows back to the main airbag 113 through the return air throttle valve 116. By limiting the return flow rate per unit time, the return air throttle valve 116 prevents the rebound process of the support cover 100 from being too fast, reducing the impact fluctuations between the support cover 100 and the cable protection tube under repeated loads. Since the one-way threshold valve 115 is responsible for overpressure venting and the return air throttle valve 116 is responsible for unloading return air, the two are distinguished in terms of air path direction and flow characteristics. This allows the main airbag 113 to maintain gap-filling support under lower loads and to convert pressure into the expansion displacement of the auxiliary airbag 111 under higher loads, providing driving force for subsequent lateral clamping actions.

[0034] Example 2: Figure 5 , Figures 7 to 9 as well as Figure 12As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the lateral compression limiting assembly 120 includes a second compression plate 121, a connecting pipe 122, a first spring 123, and a mounting box 124. The mounting box 124 is slidably disposed inside the support cover 100. The connecting pipe 122 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 124 and slidably connected to the support cover 100. The second compression plate 121 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe 122 away from the mounting box 124. One end of the first spring 123 is connected to the support cover 100, and the other end is connected to the mounting box 124. The mounting box 124 moves under the thrust of the expansion of the auxiliary airbag 111, and drives the second compression plate 121 to move outward of the support cover 100 through the connecting pipe 122, so that the second compression plate 121 compacts the backfill soil layer.

[0035] In shallow-buried pipeline protection, the bearing capacity of the backfill soil layer is significantly affected by moisture content, compaction degree, and construction disturbance. If the support cover 100 relies solely on vertical support to bear the overlying load, the sides of the support cover 100 may lack lateral restraint due to loose soil, leading to lateral deviation or local tilting of the support cover 100 under eccentric loading. To address this issue of unstable force path, the auxiliary airbag 111, after receiving gas from the main airbag 113, pushes the mounting box 124 along its expansion direction. The mounting box 124 then drives the connecting pipe 122 and the second compression plate 121 into the backfill soil layer. After the second compression plate 121 contacts the backfill soil layer, it forms a compacted contact with the backfill soil on both sides or at least one side of the support cover 100, thereby mobilizing the passive bearing capacity of the soil surrounding the support cover 100. The first spring 123 is stretched or compressed when the mounting box 124 moves, limiting the initial movement resistance of the mounting box 124 and providing a return force when the load is released or the installation box is repositioned.

[0036] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the fixing assembly 160 includes a fixing cover 161, a sliding connecting seat 162, a positioning plate 163, a third spring 164, and a limiting post 165. The fixing cover 161 is fixedly installed on the support cover 100, and a limiting groove is formed on the fixing cover 161; the sliding connecting seat 162 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 124 and slides synchronously into the fixing cover 161 with the mounting box 124; the positioning plate 163 is fixedly installed in the sliding connecting seat 162; the limiting post 165 is slidably installed in the sliding connecting seat 162; and the third spring 164 is disposed between the positioning plate 163 and the limiting post 165. When the mounting box 124 moves to the preset position, the limiting post 165 aligns with the limiting groove on the fixing cover 161, and the third spring 164 pushes the limiting post 165 to extend and enter the limiting groove, so that the position of the sliding connecting seat 162 relative to the fixing cover 161 is maintained, thereby keeping the mounting box 124, the connecting pipe 122 and the second extrusion plate 121 in the position of pressing the backfill soil layer.

[0037] The fixing component 160 prevents the second compression plate 121 from immediately leaving the backfill layer due to short-term unloading. When vehicles pass overhead, the load often exhibits short-cycle pulse characteristics. If the second compression plate 121 frequently reciprocates with slight fluctuations in air pressure, gaps can easily form between the second compression plate 121 and the backfill layer, causing soil particles to loosen during repeated disturbances. After the limiting post 165 enters the limiting groove of the fixing cover 161, the mounting box 124 is held in the pushed-out position, and the second compression plate 121 continuously presses against the backfill layer, while the support cover 100 is laterally constrained by the soil reaction force. Thus, during compression, the support cover 100 forms a force state where it is vertically supported by the support base assembly 130 and laterally abuts against the soil by the second compression plate 121, reducing the possibility of lateral deviation of the support cover 100 under eccentric loading.

[0038] like Figure 12 As shown, the rotary unlocking assembly 140 includes a fixed base 141, a drive frame 142, a drive column 143, a knob plate 144, and a rotating shaft 145. The fixed base 141 is fixedly installed inside the support cover 100, the rotating shaft 145 is rotatably installed on the fixed base 141, the drive column 143 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 145, and a track groove is formed on the surface of the drive column 143. The drive frame 142 is fixedly installed on the mounting box 124 and cooperates with the track groove of the drive column 143. The knob plate 144 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 145. When the mounting box 124 moves with the expansion thrust of the auxiliary airbag 111, the drive frame 142 slides along the track groove on the surface of the drive column 143. The track groove converts the linear movement of the mounting box 124 into the rotation of the drive column 143. The drive column 143 drives the rotating shaft 145 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 145 then drives the knob plate 144 to rotate.

[0039] In its initial state, the knob plate 144 restricts the position of the ultimate release assembly 170, preventing it from extending before the auxiliary airbag 111 has fully inflated or the second compression plate 121 has compacted the backfill soil. When the mounting box 124 moves to a position where the limiting post 165 engages with the limiting groove of the fixing cover 161, the drive frame 142 also pushes the drive post 143 to rotate to a preset angle. The knob plate 144 rotates with the rotating shaft 145 and releases the restriction on the ultimate release assembly 170. Thus, the lateral compression and release actions have a sequential order: the second compression plate 121 first compacts the backfill soil, the fixing assembly 160 then holds the mounting box 124 in position, and the knob plate 144 subsequently allows the ultimate release assembly 170 to enter the actuated state. This sequence prevents the insertion rod 171 from extending prematurely before the soil is stabilized, reducing the probability of the insertion rod 171 tilting into the loose soil layer.

[0040] The first-stage structure of the ultimate release assembly 170 includes a plunger 171, a connecting plate 173, and a fourth spring 178. The plunger 171 extends towards the backfill layer. The connecting plate 173 is slidably mounted inside the mounting box 124 and slidably connected to the plunger 171. The fourth spring 178 is positioned between the connecting plate 173 and the mounting box 124. After the knob plate 144 is released, the fourth spring 178 releases its elastic force and pushes the connecting plate 173 to move. The connecting plate 173 then causes the plunger 171 to extend towards the backfill layer, allowing it to insert into the backfill layer or the trench sidewall. After insertion, the plunger 171 provides a temporary lateral positioning reference for the mounting box 124 and the support cover 100, and also provides a soil reference point for the controlled displacement of the support cover 100 during subsequent overpressure release.

[0041] Example 3: As Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 as well as Figure 13 As shown, based on Embodiment 2, the extrusion assembly 150 includes a third extrusion plate 151, a movable plate 152, a second spring 153, a drive rack 154, and a transmission gear 155. The third extrusion plate 151 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 124 and is disposed opposite to the end clamping seat 114; the movable plate 152 is slidably disposed on the third extrusion plate 151; one end of the second spring 153 is connected to the third extrusion plate 151, and the other end is connected to the movable plate 152; the drive rack 154 is fixedly mounted on the movable plate 152; the transmission gear 155 meshes with the drive rack 154. When the auxiliary airbag 111 continues to inflate and reaches a preset limit state, the end clamping seat 114 further pushes the movable plate 152, the movable plate 152 drives the drive rack 154 to move, and the drive rack 154 drives the transmission gear 155 to rotate.

[0042] The function of the compression assembly 150 is to convert the further expansion stroke of the auxiliary airbag 111 into the rotation stroke of the controllable valve 176. The second spring 153 forms a trigger resistance between the third compression plate 151 and the moving plate 152. Only when the expansion thrust of the auxiliary airbag 111 is sufficient to overcome the second spring 153 and push the moving plate 152 to a set distance will the drive rack 154 cause the transmission gear 155 to rotate to the opening angle of the valve 176. Thus, short-term small loads only cause the main airbag 113 and the auxiliary airbag 111 to complete the inflation and deflation buffering, without directly triggering the release of the liquid circuit; only continuous high loads or loads exceeding the preset bearing state will cause the compression assembly 150 to operate, which helps to reduce false activation.

[0043] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the ultimate trip assembly 170 also includes a first connecting hose 174, a second connecting hose 175, a valve 176, a rectangular conveying pipe 172, multiple positioning seats 179, a telescopic rod 1791, and a fifth spring 1792. The first connecting hose 174 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 173. The valve 176 is located at one end of the first connecting hose 174, and the knob switch end of the valve 176 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 155. The rectangular conveying pipe 172 communicates with the other end of the first connecting hose 174. The multiple positioning seats 179 are fixedly installed on the connecting plate 173 and communicate with the rectangular conveying pipe 172. The telescopic rod 1791 is slidably installed on the positioning seats 179 and is inserted into the insertion rod 171. The fifth spring 1792 is located between the positioning seats 179 and the telescopic rod 1791. The first connecting hose 174, the rectangular delivery pipe 172, and the positioning seat 179 are filled with pressurized liquid. In the initial state, the pressurized liquid pushes the telescopic rod 1791 to extend, so that the telescopic rod 1791 is inserted into the insertion rod 171, thereby allowing the connecting plate 173 to drive the insertion rod 171 to extend under the action of the fourth spring 178.

[0044] When the transmission gear 155 rotates and opens the valve 176, the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose 174, the rectangular delivery pipe 172, and the positioning seat 179 is discharged through the valve 176. The hydraulic holding force of the telescopic rod 1791 in the positioning seat 179 decreases, and the fifth spring 1792 drives the telescopic rod 1791 to retract, thus releasing the telescopic rod 1791 from the insertion limit of the insertion rod 171. At this time, the insertion rod 171 can still remain inserted into the backfill soil layer, while the connecting plate 173 can slide relative to the insertion rod 171. This structure allows the anchoring effect of the insertion rod 171 to avoid interference with the subsequent downward movement of the support cover 100: the insertion rod 171 is first used to provide lateral positioning, and after the liquid is released, it does not obstruct the relative displacement of the connecting plate 173 and the mounting box 124. When the support cover 100 needs to move down along the preset stroke, the insertion rod 171 does not forcibly drag the soil along with the connecting plate 173, which can reduce the tearing and disturbance of the backfill soil layer by the insertion rod 171, and also reduce the unsmooth downward movement caused by the reverse jamming of the insertion rod 171.

[0045] One end of the second connecting hose 175 is connected to the first connecting hose 174, and the other end extends into the support base 133. A pressure-bearing space is formed inside the support base 133, which is connected to the second connecting hose 175. This pressure-bearing space can be located in the adjacent area where the first connecting ear plate 132 or the second connecting ear plate 136 slides with the support base 133. When the pressure-bearing space is filled with liquid, it generates a holding pressure on the sliding mating surface, keeping the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 locked relative to the support base 133. When the valve 176 is opened, the second connecting hose 175 and the pressurized liquid in the pressure-bearing space are discharged with the first connecting hose 174, the holding pressure in the support base 133 decreases, and the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 can slide relative to the support base 133, causing the support cover 100 and the support base 133 to move downward along a preset limit stroke.

[0046] The aforementioned downward movement process is used to handle pressure conditions exceeding the conventional buffering capacity. If the overlying load continues to increase, relying solely on the compression of the main airbag 113 and the expansion of the auxiliary airbag 111 may further reduce the safety gap between the cable protection pipe and the support cover 100. By simultaneously releasing the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose 174 and the second connecting hose 175 through valve 176, the insertion limit of the insertion rod 171 and the locking state of the support base 133 are released by the same trigger action, allowing the support cover 100 to achieve a preset clearance stroke. When the support cover 100 moves downward, the elastic protective pipe 131 continues to provide buffering, the main airbag 113 continues to isolate the cable protection pipe, and the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 absorb the displacement difference at both ends through sliding fit, avoiding load concentration at the pipe opening at the well wall end. After the support cover 100 moves down to the end of the preset stroke, a stop can be formed by the support base 133 and the limiting end face or sliding groove end of the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 to prevent the support cover 100 from descending without restriction and squeezing the cable protection tube.

[0047] Overall working principle: The support cover 100 is positioned above the buried cable protection pipe, with the main airbag 113 located between the support cover 100 and the cable protection pipe, and the auxiliary airbag 111 adjacent to the main airbag 113. Two support bases 133 are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the support cover 100. An elastic protective tube 131 is placed between the support cover 100 and the support bases 133. The first connecting lug 132 is connected to the well wall end, and the second connecting lug 136 is connected to the backfill layer or soil end fixing part, with the first connecting lug 132 and the second connecting lug 136 respectively forming a sliding fit with the corresponding support base 133. The first hinged support 134 is fixed to the support cover 100, and the second hinged support 135 is fixed to the support base 133, with the first hinged support 134 and the second hinged support 135 rotatably connected.

[0048] A one-way threshold valve 115 and a return air throttle valve 116 are connected in parallel between the main airbag 113 and the auxiliary airbag 111, so that the one-way threshold valve 115 opens in the inflation direction of the auxiliary airbag 111, and the return air throttle valve 116 provides a throttling channel in the return air direction of the main airbag 113. The first compression plate 112 is fixed to both ends of the auxiliary airbag 111, and the end clamping seat 114 is fixed to the outside of the first compression plate 112, so that when the auxiliary airbag 111 inflates, the end clamping seat 114 can be moved by the first compression plate 112.

[0049] The mounting box 124 is slidably installed inside the support cover 100. The connecting pipe 122 is fixed to the mounting box 124 and passes through the side wall of the support cover 100. The second pressing plate 121 is fixed to the outer end of the connecting pipe 122. The first spring 123 is connected between the support cover 100 and the mounting box 124. In the initial state, the second pressing plate 121 is close to the outside of the support cover 100 and does not actively press into the backfill soil layer. The first spring 123 maintains the initial position of the mounting box 124.

[0050] The fixed cover 161 is fixed to the support cover 100. The sliding connecting seat 162 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 124 and extends into the fixed cover 161. The positioning plate 163, the third spring 164, and the limiting post 165 are installed in the sliding connecting seat 162. In the initial state, the limiting post 165 does not enter the limiting groove of the fixed cover 161, and the mounting box 124 can move with the expansion thrust of the auxiliary airbag 111.

[0051] The fixed base 141 is fixed inside the support cover 100, the rotating shaft 145 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 141, the drive column 143 and the knob plate 144 are fixed on the rotating shaft 145, and the drive frame 142 is fixed on the mounting box 124 and makes it engage with the track groove of the drive column 143. In the initial state, the knob plate 144 restricts the position of the limit release assembly 170.

[0052] When the support cover 100 is subjected to an overhead load, it rotates at a small angle via the first hinged support 134 and the second hinged support 135. The elastic protective tube 131 is compressed, and the main airbag 113 is compressed and pressurized. When the pressure inside the main airbag 113 reaches the opening pressure of the one-way threshold valve 115, the one-way threshold valve 115 opens, and the gas inside the main airbag 113 enters the auxiliary airbag 111. The auxiliary airbag 111 begins to expand, and the direct compressive force of the main airbag 113 on the cable protection tube is limited to a preset range.

[0053] When the external load decreases, the elastic protective tube 131 pushes the support cover 100 back to its original position, and the gas in the auxiliary airbag 111 slowly flows back to the main airbag 113 through the return air throttle valve 116. The main airbag 113 returns to the gap-filling support state, and the return process of the support cover 100 is restricted by the throttling of the return air throttle valve 116.

[0054] When the main airbag 113 continues to be over-pressurized and the auxiliary airbag 111 continues to expand, the auxiliary airbag 111 pushes the mounting box 124 to move through the first compression plate 112 and the end clamping seat 114. The mounting box 124 drives the connecting pipe 122 and the second compression plate 121 to move towards the backfill soil layer. The second compression plate 121 presses the backfill soil layer, and the first spring 123 undergoes elastic deformation.

[0055] When the mounting box 124 moves to the preset position, the sliding connecting seat 162 enters the corresponding position of the fixing cover 161, and the limiting post 165 enters the limiting groove of the fixing cover 161 under the action of the third spring 164, so that the second extrusion plate 121 keeps the backfill soil layer pressed. At the same time, the drive frame 142 moves along the track groove of the drive post 143, the drive post 143 drives the rotating shaft 145 to rotate, the rotating shaft 145 drives the knob plate 144 to rotate, and the knob plate 144 releases the restriction on the connecting plate 173.

[0056] After the knob plate 144 is released from its restraint, the fourth spring 178 pushes the connecting plate 173 to move within the mounting box 124. The connecting plate 173 causes the insertion rod 171 to extend and insert into the backfill soil layer. At this time, the telescopic top rod 1791 is kept in an extended state by pressurized liquid within the positioning seat 179 and is inserted into the insertion rod 171, so that the insertion rod 171 completes the extension action along with the connecting plate 173.

[0057] When the auxiliary airbag 111 continues to inflate to the preset limit, the end clamping seat 114 pushes the moving plate 152 to slide relative to the third compression plate 151, the second spring 153 is compressed, the moving plate 152 drives the drive rack 154 to move, the drive rack 154 drives the transmission gear 155 to rotate, and the transmission gear 155 drives the knob switch end of the valve 176 to rotate, so that the valve 176 is opened.

[0058] After valve 176 is opened, the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose 174, rectangular delivery pipe 172, and positioning seat 179 is discharged. The telescopic rod 1791 loses its hydraulic holding force and retracts under the action of the fifth spring 1792. The telescopic rod 1791 releases its insertion limit on the insertion rod 171, allowing the insertion rod 171 to slide relative to the connecting plate 173. The pressurized liquid in the second connecting hose 175 and the pressurized space in the support base 133 is discharged simultaneously, and the locking state of the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 relative to the support base 133 is released.

[0059] The support cover 100 and the support base 133 move downwards along the sliding direction of the first connecting ear plate 132 and the second connecting ear plate 136 to the preset limit stroke, and the elastic protective tube 131 and the main airbag 113 continue to isolate and support the cable protection tube. During maintenance, the warning label layer of the support cover 100, the compression state of the elastic protective tube 131, the airtightness of the main airbag 113 and the auxiliary airbag 111, the opening state of the valve 176, and the pressurized liquid state of the first connecting hose 174 and the second connecting hose 175 can be checked, and the limit post 165, the insertion rod 171, the telescopic top rod 1791 and each spring can be reset or replaced.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure-resistant warning device covering a direct-buried cable protection pipe, characterized in that, include: A support cover (100) is used to be installed above the direct-buried cable protection pipe and to form a sliding hinge support through a support base assembly (130). The outer wall of the support cover (100) is provided with a highly visible warning color strip or warning label layer. The protective tube assembly (110) is disposed inside the support cover (100) and includes a main airbag (113) located between the support cover (100) and the cable protection tube, a secondary airbag (111) adjacent to the main airbag (113), and a one-way threshold valve (115) and a return air throttle valve (116) connected in parallel between the main airbag (113) and the secondary airbag (111). The lateral compression limiting assembly (120) is driven by the expansion of the auxiliary airbag (111) to compress the backfill soil layer; A fixing component (160) is used to maintain the pressed position of the lateral compression limiting component (120); The rotating unlocking assembly (140) releases the ultimate release assembly (170) as the lateral compression limiting assembly (120) moves. The compression assembly (150) is used to trigger the limit release assembly (170) when the auxiliary airbag (111) reaches a preset limit state, so as to release the rigid locking of the support assembly (130) and cause the support cover (100) to move down along a preset limit stroke.

2. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (130) includes: Two support bases (133) are respectively disposed at the bottom ends of the support cover (100); Multiple flexible protective tubes (131) are used for the connection between the support base (133) and the support cover (100); The first connecting lug (132) has one end for connecting to the well wall end and the other end for sliding connection to one of the support bases (133); The second connecting ear plate (136) has one end for connecting to the backfill soil layer and the other end for sliding connection to another support base (133); The first hinged support (134) is fixedly installed on the support cover (100); The second hinged support (135) is fixedly installed on the support base (133) and rotatably connected to the first hinged support (134).

3. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube assembly (110) also includes: Two first compression plates (112) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the auxiliary airbag (111); Two end clamping seats (114) are respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two first extrusion plates (112); The main airbag (113) is arranged along the length of the cable protection pipe and is used to be compressed when the support cover (100) is pressed down. The one-way threshold valve (115) is used to open when the pressure inside the main airbag (113) reaches a first preset pressure, so that the main airbag (113) inflates the auxiliary airbag (111); The return air throttle valve (116) is used to allow the gas in the auxiliary airbag (111) to slowly return to the main airbag (113) when the external load decreases.

4. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral compression limiting assembly (120) includes: The mounting box (124) is slidably disposed inside the support cover (100); The connecting pipe (122) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (124) and slidably connected to the support cover (100); The second extrusion plate (121) is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe (122) away from the mounting box (124); The first spring (123) is connected at one end to the support cover (100) and at the other end to the mounting box (124); The mounting box (124) moves under the expansion thrust of the auxiliary airbag (111) and drives the second extrusion plate (121) to press the backfill soil layer through the connecting pipe (122).

5. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing component (160) includes: A fixed cover (161) is fixedly installed on the support cover (100), and a limiting groove is provided thereon; The sliding connector (162) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (124) and slides into the fixing cover (161); The positioning plate (163) is fixedly installed inside the sliding connecting seat (162); The limiting post (165) is slidably installed inside the sliding connecting seat (162); The third spring (164) is disposed between the positioning plate (163) and the limiting post (165); The limiting post (165) can cooperate with the limiting groove when the mounting box (124) moves to the preset position to maintain the pressing position of the second extrusion plate (121).

6. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotation unlocking assembly (140) includes: The fixing seat (141) is fixedly installed inside the support cover (100); The rotating shaft (145) is rotatably mounted on the fixed base (141). A drive column (143) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (145), and a track groove is provided on the surface of the drive column (143); The drive frame (142) is fixedly mounted on the mounting box (124) and cooperates with the track groove; A knob plate (144) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (145); When the mounting box (124) moves, it drives the drive column (143) and the rotating shaft (145) to rotate via the drive frame (142), so that the knob plate (144) releases the limit release assembly (170).

7. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly (150) includes: The third extrusion plate (151) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (124) and is disposed opposite to the end clamping seat (114); The movable plate (152) is slidably disposed on the third extrusion plate (151); The second spring (153) is connected at one end to the third compression plate (151) and at the other end to the moving plate (152); A drive rack (154) is fixedly mounted on the movable plate (152); The transmission gear (155) meshes with the drive rack (154); When the auxiliary airbag (111) reaches the preset limit state, the end clamping seat (114) pushes the moving plate (152) to move, and drives the transmission gear (155) to rotate through the drive rack (154).

8. The pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultimate trip assembly (170) includes: Insert rod (171) is used to extend toward the backfill layer; The connecting plate (173) is slidably installed inside the mounting box (124) and slidably connected to the insert rod (171); A fourth spring (178) is disposed between the connecting plate (173) and the mounting box (124); After the knob plate (144) is released from its limit, the fourth spring (178) drives the connecting plate (173) to move, thereby causing the insertion rod (171) to extend into the backfill soil layer.

9. A pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ultimate trip assembly (170) also includes: The first connecting hose (174) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (173). A valve (176) is located at one end of the first connecting hose (174), and its knob switch end is fixedly connected to the transmission gear (155); A rectangular delivery pipe (172) is connected to the other end of the first connecting hose (174); Multiple positioning seats (179) are fixedly installed on the connecting plate (173) and communicate with the rectangular conveying pipe (172); The telescopic top rod (1791) is slidably mounted on the positioning seat (179) and inserted into the insertion rod (171); The fifth spring (1792) is disposed between the positioning seat (179) and the telescopic top rod (1791); When the transmission gear (155) rotates, it opens the valve (176), allowing the pressurized liquid in the first connecting hose (174), rectangular delivery pipe (172) and positioning seat (179) to be discharged, and causing the telescopic top rod (1791) to retract to release the insertion limit on the insertion rod (171).

10. A pressure-resistant warning device for a direct-buried cable protection pipe according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ultimate trip assembly (170) also includes: The second connecting hose (175) is connected at one end to the first connecting hose (174) and at the other end extends into the support base (133); The support base (133) forms a pressure-bearing space that communicates with the second connecting hose (175); After the valve (176) is opened, the second connecting hose (175) and the pressurized liquid in the pressurized space are discharged with the first connecting hose (174) to release the rigid locking of the first connecting ear plate (132) and the second connecting ear plate (136) relative to the support base (133), so that the support cover (100) and the support base (133) move down along the preset limit stroke.

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