A full-color display device based on fiber array

Abstract

The application discloses a full-color display device based on an optical fiber array, comprising a pixel array light source for providing excitation light; an optical fiber array transmission module composed of a plurality of optical fiber cores, having an entrance light end and an exit light end, the excitation light being coupled in from the entrance light end and transmitted to the exit light end for emission; a wavelength conversion layer module arranged at a predetermined cross section in the entrance light side, the exit light side or the transmission path of the optical fiber array transmission module, for pixelated wavelength conversion of the pixel array light source to realize full-colorization, a black matrix being arranged between adjacent sub-pixels; and a display end optical regulation and control module arranged at the emission side of the wavelength conversion layer module or the exit light side of the optical fiber array transmission module, for shaping and / or optimizing the output light. The application realizes the separated arrangement of the light source and the display end, supports the flexible and curved design of the display device, effectively suppresses the inter-pixel crosstalk, and improves the color purity and display effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microdisplay technology, and in particular to a full-color display device based on a fiber optic array. Background Technology

[0002] As display devices evolve towards miniaturization, higher resolution, and customizable form factors, novel display technologies are gaining widespread attention in near-eye displays, micro-displays, wearable displays, human-computer interaction, and other integrated optoelectronic applications. Micro-OLED, Micro-LED, and Mini-LED, representing miniature pixel light-emitting devices, offer advantages such as high brightness, fast response speed, and long lifespan, and have become an important development direction for next-generation display technologies.

[0003] However, existing micro-display technologies still face the following core bottlenecks when facing new application scenarios: First, the display form is limited, making it difficult to achieve flexibility or curvature. In traditional self-emissive displays such as Micro-LED and OLED, the light-emitting chip or light-emitting layer is tightly integrated with the display panel's driving circuit and substrate, forming a rigid integral structure. Due to this architecture, the screen cannot be freely bent or attached to irregular surfaces, failing to meet the diverse display form requirements of emerging applications such as wearable devices, irregularly shaped displays, and surface-mount displays.

[0004] Secondly, the rigid binding between the light source and the display results in a inflexible system layout. In existing microdisplay devices, the light source driving circuit and the display area must be centrally located in the same physical position, making it difficult to further reduce the system size. This leads to concentrated local heat dissipation, hindering the development of high-brightness displays. Furthermore, in applications such as near-eye displays and head-mounted displays, it is impossible to achieve a remote, separate layout where the light source and driving end are at point A and the display end is at point B, limiting the freedom of system structural design.

[0005] Third, the contradiction between full-color technology and pixel crosstalk is prominent. To achieve full-color display, existing technologies typically employ solutions such as multi-color light-emitting chip integration, color filter structures, or wavelength conversion materials. However, when using wavelength conversion materials such as quantum dots to achieve pixel-level color conversion, light from adjacent sub-pixels is prone to lateral penetration (i.e., optical crosstalk), leading to decreased color purity and reduced display contrast. Furthermore, the fixed light field distribution output after wavelength conversion makes it difficult to match the incident light requirements of projection lenses, near-eye optical systems, etc., in different application scenarios, resulting in decreased light energy utilization or deteriorated display effects.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, no effective solutions have been proposed in the existing technology. How to achieve full-color display while simultaneously enabling flexible or curved display devices, separating the light source from the display end, suppressing optical crosstalk between sub-pixels, and effectively controlling the emitted light field are pressing technical problems that need to be solved in the current micro-display technology field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a full-color display device based on a fiber array, which aims to achieve a full-color micro-display with customizable display device form, flexible structural layout and high display quality.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a full-color display device based on a fiber array, the display device comprising: a pixel array light source, a fiber array transmission module, a wavelength conversion layer module, and a display end optical control module; The pixel array light source is used to provide excitation light; The fiber array transmission module is composed of multiple fiber cores arranged in an array, and has at least two end faces: an input end and an output end. The excitation light is coupled into the input end and transmitted in the fiber core to the output end for emission. The wavelength conversion layer module is disposed at a predetermined cross-section in the optical fiber array transmission module, on the light input side, the light output side, or in the transmission path, and is used to perform pixelated wavelength conversion on the excitation light. The wavelength conversion layer module includes a sub-pixel array composed of multiple sub-pixels, the sub-pixel array including at least a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region to achieve full-color display. At least a portion of the sub-pixel regions contain wavelength conversion material, which absorbs short-wavelength excitation light and emits long-wavelength target wavelength light. A black matrix is ​​disposed between adjacent sub-pixels to suppress optical crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels. The light input side of the optical fiber array transmission module is one side of the light input end, and the light output side of the optical fiber array transmission module is one side of the light output end. The display end optical control module is located on the output side of the wavelength conversion layer module or the output side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to shape and / or optimize the output light to form a display effect that matches a predetermined light distribution.

[0009] Optionally, the wavelength conversion layer module includes at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers arranged sequentially along the excitation light transmission direction, with each wavelength conversion sub-layer positioned at a different axial position along the excitation light transmission direction. Along the excitation light transmission direction, the emission wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer serves as at least a portion of the excitation wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and the emission wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer is greater than that of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer, thereby forming a cascaded wavelength conversion path. This allows the total conversion wavelength difference of the wavelength conversion layer module to be shared by the at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, thereby dispersing the heat generated by wavelength conversion to different locations through graded conversion and reducing heat accumulation.

[0010] Optionally, the wavelength conversion sublayer has a three-layer structure, including: A first wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed on the light input side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the excitation light into a first intermediate wavelength light; The second wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed at a predetermined cross section in the transmission path of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the first intermediate wavelength light into second intermediate wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the first intermediate wavelength light. A third wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed on the light output side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the second intermediate wavelength light into target output wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the target output wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light.

[0011] Optionally, the excitation light is blue or violet light, the first intermediate wavelength light is green light, the second intermediate wavelength light is yellow or orange light, and the target output wavelength light is red light.

[0012] Optionally, the fiber array transmission module further includes a heat-conducting structure disposed around the fiber core and extending along the axial direction of the fiber array transmission module to conduct the heat generated at each wavelength conversion sublayer to a predetermined heat dissipation area. The heat-conducting structure is at least one selected from annular heat pipes, high thermal conductivity cladding materials, and combinations thereof. The high thermal conductivity cladding material is selected from one or more of boron nitride, diamond, graphene, and their composite materials.

[0013] Optionally, in the at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, a wavelength selective transmission layer is provided between adjacent wavelength conversion sub-layers. The wavelength selective transmission layer is used to transmit the emitted wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer to the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and at least partially reflect the excitation wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer.

[0014] Optionally, an optical isolation filling layer is provided between adjacent fiber cores. The optical isolation filling layer is selected from one or more of low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, and combinations thereof, and is used to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk.

[0015] Optionally, the fiber optic array transmission module is selected from one of the following two forms: A flexible fiber bundle is composed of multiple fiber cores bundled together. The multiple flexible fiber bundles are arranged in an array, and their light-emitting ends are rearranged into a planar array structure and fixed on a flexible substrate to form a flexible display area. The rigid fiber optic panel is an integral plate-like structure formed by assembling and fusing multiple fiber cores in an array. The output end surface of the rigid fiber optic panel is either flat or curved, with the curved surface used to realize the light output of the curved micro-display array.

[0016] Optionally, the wavelength conversion layer module is prepared by forming a patterned wavelength conversion layer on the end face of the fiber array transmission module. The formation method includes: cleaning, surface activation and / or surface modification of the end face, and then forming a wavelength conversion sub-pixel array corresponding to the light-emitting unit of the fiber array on the end face by deposition, coating, inkjet printing, transfer printing, photolithography or nanoimprinting. The black matrix is ​​prepared by forming a patterned light-shielding structure between adjacent sub-pixel regions. The sidewalls of the black matrix are inclined sidewalls that are tilted relative to the thickness direction or straight walls that are substantially upright relative to the thickness direction.

[0017] Optionally, a single light-emitting region of the pixel array light source corresponds one-to-one with a sub-pixel region of the wavelength conversion layer module or corresponds to a predetermined multiple thereof; Furthermore, when the excitation light is blue light, the blue sub-pixel region is a blank region that transmits the excitation light or a region filled with a light-transmitting matrix material; when the excitation light is violet light, the blue sub-pixel region contains a wavelength conversion material for converting violet light into blue light.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a fiber optic array transmission module as the optical transmission bridge between the light source and the display end, achieving a physical separation of the two. The driving circuit and heating element of the light source can be located at the far end, while the display end retains only a thin fiber optic output structure, thus significantly reducing the volume and thickness of the display end. Furthermore, it allows the display end to be designed independently of the light source, making it flexible or curved, and it can be attached to irregular surfaces, meeting the diverse display form requirements of emerging applications such as wearable displays and irregularly shaped displays. 2. The wavelength conversion layer module can be flexibly set on the light input side, light output side, or a predetermined cross-section of the light transmission path. Combined with the black matrix structure between adjacent sub-pixels, it effectively suppresses optical crosstalk caused by lateral light penetration between pixels, improving color purity and display contrast. Simultaneously, the display end optical control module collimates, homogenizes, or diffuses the output light, matching the emitted light field with the light input requirements of subsequent projection lenses or near-eye optical systems, improving light energy utilization and display effect. 3. When at least two wavelength conversion sublayers are sequentially arranged along the optical transmission direction, the single-stage large-span wavelength conversion is decomposed into multiple stages of smaller-span wavelength conversion, so that the total conversion wavelength difference of the wavelength conversion layer module is shared by each stage of wavelength conversion sublayers. Because the wavelength span of a single conversion stage is reduced, the Stokes displacement loss during each conversion stage is correspondingly reduced, thus improving energy conversion efficiency. Simultaneously, the heat generated by wavelength conversion is no longer concentrated on a single cross-section but is dispersed to different axial positions of the fiber array transmission module, effectively alleviating local heat accumulation, slowing down the thermal aging of the wavelength conversion material, and extending the device's lifespan. Furthermore, a wavelength-selective transmission layer is set between adjacent wavelength conversion sublayers, allowing the emitted wavelength of the previous stage to be transmitted to the next stage, while at least partially reflecting the residual short-wavelength excitation light from the previous stage back to the previous stage to participate in the conversion again, further improving the wavelength conversion efficiency and the spectral purity of the emitted light.

[0019] In summary, this invention achieves separate arrangement of the light source and display end through fiber optic array transmission, enabling flexible and curved display forms. The black matrix structure suppresses inter-pixel crosstalk, and the optical control module allows for on-demand control of the emitted light field. The cascaded wavelength conversion architecture reduces Stokes displacement loss, disperses heat accumulation, and extends device lifespan. This invention achieves significant advancements in display form flexibility, system layout freedom, color purity, light energy utilization, and operational stability, and can be widely applied in fields such as micro-displays, near-eye displays, flexible displays, and micro-projection displays. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a full-color display device based on a fiber optic array, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a cross-sectional and front view schematic diagram of an optical fiber array and a wavelength conversion layer with red, green and blue sub-pixels provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-layer wavelength conversion sublayer provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible fiber optic array display device provided in the first specific application of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rigid fiber optic array display device provided in the second specific application of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a display device structure in which the wavelength conversion layer module provided in the third specific application of the present invention is disposed in the middle of the optical fiber transmission path; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a structure provided in the fourth specific application of the present invention, in which multiple flexible optical fiber bundles are arranged in an array, their light-emitting ends are rearranged into a planar array structure and fixed on a flexible substrate to form a flexible display area. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This invention discloses a full-color display device based on a fiber optic array. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately modify the technical details to achieve the desired implementation. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in this invention. The apparatus and application of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can obviously make modifications or appropriate alterations and combinations to the apparatus and application described herein without departing from the content, spirit, and scope of this invention to implement and apply the technology of this invention.

[0022] The applicant's research has revealed that combining a pixel array light source, a fiber optic array transmission, a wavelength conversion layer, and an optical control structure at the display end can construct a display device that integrates image transmission, color conversion, and display output control functions. By placing the wavelength conversion layer at predetermined positions on the input side, output side, or transmission path of the fiber optic array, or simplifying the wavelength conversion layer to functional layers such as filtering and light shaping under the condition of a full-color pixel array light source, and combining it with the light shaping, planarization, and / or encapsulation structures at the display end, coordinated control of display color, display shape, and emitted light field distribution can be achieved. Specifically, when the wavelength conversion layer is placed at a predetermined position in the fiber optic transmission path, integration can be achieved by fabricating the fiber optic array in segments, forming the wavelength conversion layer on the end face of one segment of the fiber optic array, and aligning and splicing it with another segment of the fiber optic array. Therefore, this technical approach provides a new method for the structural design and functional integration of flexible displays, flat panel displays, curved displays, near-eye displays, and micro-projection display devices.

[0023] However, in the aforementioned infrastructure, the realization of pixelated wavelength conversion relies on the absorption and re-emission process of excitation light by the wavelength conversion material. This process is inherently accompanied by energy loss (Stokes displacement loss), and the conversion efficiency is closely related to the difference between the excitation and emission wavelengths. When it is necessary to achieve the conversion from short-wavelength excitation light to long-wavelength target light (especially red light) in the same display device, single-stage large-span conversion not only results in significant energy loss, but also concentrates the heat generated during the conversion process at the same location, leading to local heat accumulation, accelerating the aging of the wavelength conversion material, and affecting device lifespan and display stability. At the same time, if the unconverted excitation light remaining in each stage of wavelength conversion enters the subsequent conversion layer or is emitted to the display surface, it will cause spectral contamination, further reducing color purity.

[0024] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a full-color display device based on a fiber optic array, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the display device includes: a pixel array light source 1, a fiber array transmission module 2, a wavelength conversion layer module 3, and a display end optical control module 4; Pixel array light source 1 is used to provide excitation light; The fiber array transmission module 2 is composed of multiple fiber cores 201 arranged in an array, and has at least two end faces: an input end and an output end. Excitation light is coupled into the input end and transmitted in the fiber core 201 to the output end for emission. A wavelength conversion layer module 3 is disposed at a predetermined cross-section in the optical fiber array transmission module 2, on the light input side, the light output side, or in the transmission path, and is used to perform pixelated wavelength conversion on the excitation light. The wavelength conversion layer module 3 includes a sub-pixel array composed of multiple sub-pixels. The sub-pixel array includes at least a red sub-pixel region 3001, a green sub-pixel region 3002, and a blue sub-pixel region 3003 to achieve full-color display. At least some sub-pixel regions contain wavelength conversion material, which absorbs short-wavelength excitation light and emits long-wavelength target wavelength light. A black matrix is ​​disposed between adjacent sub-pixels to suppress optical crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels. The light input side of the optical fiber array transmission module 2 is one side of the light input end, and the light output side of the optical fiber array transmission module 2 is one side of the light output end. The display end optical control module 4 is located on the output side of the wavelength conversion layer module 3 or the output side of the fiber array transmission module 2. It is used to shape and / or optimize the output light to form a display effect that matches the predetermined light distribution.

[0025] It should be noted that: The pixel array light source 1 can be one or more of Micro-OLED micro-display light sources, Micro-LED micro-display light sources, Mini-LED micro-display light sources, or laser light sources. The excitation light can be blue light, violet light, or a mixture of blue and violet light, with a wavelength range of 380nm to 470nm, which can effectively excite the subsequent wavelength conversion material to emit light. Taking the Micro-LED light source as an example, each light-emitting unit is arranged in a two-dimensional array, and each light-emitting unit is independently controllable, thereby forming a pixelated excitation light field.

[0026] The diameter of the fiber core 201 can be selected from 50nm to 1000μm according to the resolution requirements. An optical isolation filler layer is disposed between adjacent fiber cores 201 to reduce optical coupling between adjacent cores and isolate optical crosstalk between pixels. The fiber array can be arranged in a hexagonal close arrangement, square arrangement, rectangular arrangement, staggered arrangement, or circular arrangement to adapt to different fill factors and display design requirements. The optical fibers in the fiber array transmission module 2 include, but are not limited to, glass fibers or polymer fibers, and the fiber core material includes, but is not limited to, quartz glass, high-refractive-index glass, or polymer materials. The fiber core 201 is also wrapped with a core cladding and / or an optical isolation filler layer 202.

[0027] The wavelength conversion layer module 3 includes a subpixel array composed of multiple subpixels. This subpixel array includes at least a red subpixel region 3001, a green subpixel region 3002, and a blue subpixel region 3003 to achieve full-color display. At least some of the subpixel regions contain wavelength conversion material, which can absorb short-wavelength excitation light and emit long-wavelength target wavelength light. Taking blue light excitation as an example, the red subpixel region 3001 is filled with a wavelength conversion material that can convert blue light to red light (such as red quantum dots), the green subpixel region 3002 is filled with a wavelength conversion material that can convert blue light to green light (such as green quantum dots), and the blue subpixel region 3003 is a blank area that transmits blue light or is filled with a light-transmitting substrate material. When violet light excitation is used, the blue subpixel region 3003 is also filled with a wavelength conversion material that can convert violet light to blue light. A black matrix is ​​set between adjacent subpixels. This black matrix is ​​used to define the boundaries of each subpixel, suppress optical crosstalk between adjacent subpixels, and improve display contrast. The black matrix can be an absorptive material layer and / or a reflective material layer, and its sidewalls can be made into inclined sidewalls or straight sidewalls according to the process and optical design requirements.

[0028] The display-end optical control module 4 can be selected from one or more of the following: a microlens array layer, an emission shaping film, an optical film layer, or a combination thereof. The emission shaping film or optical film layer can be a collimating film, a brightness enhancement film, a diffusion film, a scattering film, a microstructure optical film, or a filter film. Taking the microlens array layer as an example, each microlens unit is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel area, and the alignment is achieved through alignment marks. The microlens array can collimate the diverging output light into parallel light for emission, or converge it at a predetermined angle to meet the light input requirements of the projection lens or near-eye optical system. The display-end optical control module 4 also includes a planar display-end optical control layer 401.

[0029] In a first specific embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer module 3 includes at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers arranged sequentially along the excitation light transmission direction. Each wavelength conversion sub-layer is located at a different axial position along the excitation light transmission direction. Along the excitation light transmission direction, the emission wavelength of the previous wavelength conversion sub-layer serves as at least part of the excitation wavelength of the next wavelength conversion sub-layer. The emission wavelength of the next wavelength conversion sub-layer is greater than the emission wavelength of the previous wavelength conversion sub-layer, thereby forming a cascaded wavelength conversion path. This allows the total conversion wavelength difference of the wavelength conversion layer module 3 to be shared by at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, thereby dispersing the heat generated by wavelength conversion to different locations through graded conversion and reducing heat accumulation.

[0030] It should be noted that this embodiment further improves the wavelength conversion layer module 3 based on the aforementioned basic architecture to enhance conversion efficiency and improve thermal management. In this embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer module 3 includes at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers arranged sequentially along the excitation light transmission direction, with each wavelength conversion sub-layer positioned at a different axial position along the excitation light transmission direction. Along the excitation light transmission direction, the emission wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer serves as at least a portion of the excitation wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and the emission wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer is greater than that of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer, thus forming a cascaded wavelength conversion path. Taking a three-stage cascade as an example, the first stage converts blue light to green light, the second stage converts green light to yellow / orange light, and the third stage converts yellow / orange light to red light. Through this cascaded approach, the total conversion wavelength difference (i.e., the difference between the initial excitation wavelength and the final emission wavelength) of the wavelength conversion layer module 3 is shared by each stage of the wavelength conversion sub-layer, with each stage only undertaking a small wavelength conversion span, thereby reducing Stokes displacement loss in single-stage conversion and improving overall energy conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, the heat generated by wavelength conversion is no longer concentrated on a single cross section, but is dispersed to different axial positions of the fiber array transmission module 2, which effectively reduces local heat accumulation, slows down the thermal aging of the wavelength conversion material, and extends the service life of the device.

[0031] In the first specific embodiment, further, as Figure 3 As shown, the wavelength conversion sublayer has a three-layer structure, including: The first wavelength conversion sublayer 31 is disposed on the light input side of the fiber array transmission module 2 and is used to convert at least a portion of the excitation light into a first intermediate wavelength light. The second wavelength conversion sublayer 32 is disposed at a predetermined section in the transmission path of the fiber array transmission module 2, and is used to convert at least a portion of the first intermediate wavelength light into second intermediate wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the first intermediate wavelength light. The third wavelength conversion sublayer 33 is disposed on the light output side of the fiber array transmission module 2 and is used to convert at least a portion of the second intermediate wavelength light into target output wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the target output wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light.

[0032] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned cascaded wavelength conversion architecture, this embodiment specifically defines the wavelength conversion sublayer as a three-layer structure. The first wavelength conversion sublayer 31 is disposed on the light input side of the fiber array transmission module 2, and is used to convert at least a portion of the excitation light into a first intermediate wavelength light; the second wavelength conversion sublayer 32 is disposed at a predetermined cross-section in the transmission path of the fiber array transmission module 2, and is used to convert at least a portion of the first intermediate wavelength light into a second intermediate wavelength light, the wavelength of which is greater than the wavelength of the first intermediate wavelength light; the third wavelength conversion sublayer 33 is disposed on the light output side of the fiber array transmission module 2, and is used to convert at least a portion of the second intermediate wavelength light into a target output wavelength light, the wavelength of which is greater than the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light.

[0033] In actual fabrication, when the wavelength conversion layer module 3 is set at a predetermined cross section in the optical fiber transmission path, a segmented optical fiber array structure can be adopted: the first optical fiber array segment and the second optical fiber array segment are set sequentially along the optical transmission direction. After the wavelength conversion layer is formed on the end face of at least one of the optical fiber array segments, the two optical fiber array segments are aligned and spliced ​​by a transparent adhesive layer and / or a refractive index matching layer, so that the wavelength conversion layer is located between the two segments.

[0034] Furthermore, the excitation light is blue or violet, the first intermediate wavelength light is green, the second intermediate wavelength light is yellow or orange, and the target output wavelength light is red.

[0035] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned three-layer conversion structure, this embodiment makes preferred limitations on the specific wavelength ranges of the excitation light and the intermediate wavelengths of each stage. The excitation light is blue light or violet light. When blue light (wavelength approximately 450 nm) is used as the excitation light, the first wavelength conversion sublayer 31 converts at least a portion of the blue light into green light (wavelength approximately 530 nm), the second wavelength conversion sublayer 32 converts at least a portion of the green light into yellow light (wavelength approximately 580 nm) or orange light (wavelength approximately 600 nm), and the third wavelength conversion sublayer 33 converts at least a portion of the yellow or orange light into red light (wavelength approximately 620 nm).

[0036] When violet light (wavelength approximately 405nm) is used as the excitation light, the first wavelength conversion sublayer 31 converts at least a portion of the violet light into green light, the second wavelength conversion sublayer 32 converts the green light into yellow or orange light, and the third wavelength conversion sublayer 33 converts the yellow or orange light into red light. Simultaneously, the blue sub-pixel region 3003 contains a wavelength conversion material that can convert violet light into blue light, thus achieving red, green, and blue color output. In the above light color path, the wavelength spans of each conversion stage are blue→green (approximately 80nm), green→yellow / orange (approximately 50-70nm), and yellow / orange→red (approximately 20-40nm), respectively. Compared to a single-stage blue→red conversion (approximately 170nm), the Stokes shift loss of each stage is significantly reduced.

[0037] In the first specific embodiment, the fiber array transmission module 2 further includes a heat-conducting structure, which is disposed around the fiber core 201 and extends along the axial direction of the fiber array transmission module 2 to conduct the heat generated at each wavelength conversion sublayer to a predetermined heat dissipation area along the axial direction. The heat-conducting structure is at least one selected from annular heat pipes, high thermal conductivity cladding materials, and combinations thereof. The material of the high thermal conductivity cladding material is selected from one or more of boron nitride, diamond, graphene, and their composite materials.

[0038] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned cascaded wavelength conversion architecture, this embodiment adds a heat-conducting structure to the fiber array transmission module 2 to further improve heat dissipation. This heat-conducting structure is located on the periphery of the fiber core 201 and extends along the axial direction of the fiber array transmission module 2, used to conduct the heat generated at each wavelength conversion sublayer along the axial direction to a predetermined heat dissipation area. The heat-conducting structure can be at least one of a ring-shaped heat pipe, a high thermal conductivity cladding material, or a combination thereof. When a high thermal conductivity cladding material is used, the material is selected from one or more of boron nitride, diamond, graphene, and their composite materials.

[0039] In a specific implementation, a high thermal conductivity material layer can be coated or wrapped around the cladding of the fiber array. This thermally conductive layer is continuously distributed along the length of the fiber, covering the axial positions corresponding to each wavelength conversion sub-layer. The thermally conductive structure can be disposed on a flexible substrate, around the periphery of the fiber bundle array, to guide the heat generated by multiple conversion points distributed along the length direction to the edge region of the flexible substrate for heat dissipation. Through the synergistic cooperation between the thermally conductive structure and the aforementioned cascaded wavelength conversion architecture, the heat generated by each conversion stage is rapidly dissipated, avoiding local accumulation inside the fiber or at the display end face, thus ensuring the operating temperature stability of the wavelength conversion material and the long-term reliability of the device.

[0040] In a first specific embodiment, further, in at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, a wavelength selective transmission layer is provided between adjacent wavelength conversion sub-layers. The wavelength selective transmission layer is used to transmit the emitted wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer to the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and at least partially reflect the excitation wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer.

[0041] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned cascaded wavelength conversion architecture, this embodiment adds a wavelength-selective transmission layer between adjacent wavelength conversion sub-layers. This wavelength-selective transmission layer allows the emitted wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer to be transmitted to the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and at least partially reflects the excitation wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer. Taking the first and second stages as an example, after the first wavelength conversion sub-layer converts some blue light into green light, the wavelength-selective transmission layer allows green light to pass through and enter the second stage, while simultaneously reflecting at least partially of the residual blue light that was not completely absorbed by the first stage back to the first stage, allowing it to participate in the conversion again. This improves the overall utilization rate of blue light and prevents residual blue light from entering subsequent stages and causing spectral contamination. This wavelength-selective transmission layer can be one or more of the following: distributed Bragg reflector, dielectric multilayer film, interference filter, selective reflector, or other optical films with wavelength-selective transmission and / or reflection functions. Taking a distributed Bragg reflector as an example, it can be formed by alternately depositing layers of high-refractive-index and low-refractive-index materials. By controlling the optical thickness of each layer, it can achieve high transmittance at a specific wavelength (such as green light) and high reflectance at another specific wavelength (such as blue light). The thickness of each layer can be determined by calculation based on the target wavelength and the refractive index of the material using the quarter-wavelength condition. The wavelength-selective transmission layer between adjacent layers can be integrally formed with each level of the conversion sublayer, or it can be sandwiched as an independent film between adjacent conversion sublayers.

[0042] In the second specific embodiment, an optical isolation filling layer is provided between adjacent fiber cores. The optical isolation filling layer is selected from one or more of low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, and combinations thereof, and is used to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk.

[0043] It should be noted that in actual fabrication, a material with a refractive index lower than that of the fiber core can be used as the cladding, causing total internal reflection of light coupled into the fiber core at the core-cladding interface. When further enhancement of the isolation effect is required, light-absorbing components (such as carbon black, black pigments, etc.) or reflective components (such as TiO2 nanoparticles, etc.) can be added to the cladding material, or independent light-shielding layer structures can be set between the fiber cores. Taking a rigid optical fiber panel as an example, multiple fiber cores are arranged in an array, and the gaps between them are filled with low-refractive-index glass or polymer materials containing light-absorbing agents. Then, through processes such as fusion, slicing, grinding, and polishing, a plate-like structure is formed. Through the combination of the light-isolating filling layer and the aforementioned black matrix structure, a dual crosstalk suppression mechanism is formed at both the fiber transmission and wavelength conversion levels, further improving display contrast and color purity.

[0044] In this specific embodiment, the fiber optic array transmission module is selected from one of the following two forms: A flexible fiber bundle is composed of multiple fiber cores bundled together. The multiple flexible fiber bundles are arranged in an array, and their light-emitting ends are rearranged into a planar array structure and fixed on a flexible substrate to form a flexible display area. Rigid fiber optic panels are integral plate-like structures formed by assembling and fusing multiple fiber cores in an array. The output surface of the rigid fiber optic panel is either flat or curved, with the curved surface used to realize the light output of the curved micro-display array.

[0045] It should be noted that: Flexible fiber bundle configuration: The fiber array transmission module is a flexible fiber bundle, composed of multiple fiber cores bundled together, used to transmit pixelated light fields. Multiple flexible fiber bundles can be arranged in an array, with their output ends rearranged into a planar array structure and fixed to a flexible substrate to form a flexible display area. The flexible substrate can be made of polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or other bendable polymer materials. In a specific embodiment, each flexible fiber bundle is unfolded near the output end, arranging multiple output units in a two-dimensional array and fixing them to the flexible substrate by bonding or embedding. A flexible wavelength conversion layer and a flexible display end optical control layer can be sequentially disposed on this flexible substrate to form a bendable flexible display panel. This flexible display panel supports direct display output on planar, curved, or non-planar carrier surfaces, suitable for wearable displays, adhesive displays, and other application scenarios. When the system further includes a projection optical lens module, the output light is projected through the projection optical lens module and can be used for micro-projection display or near-eye display.

[0046] Rigid fiber optic panel form: The fiber optic array transmission module is a rigid fiber optic panel, which is an integral plate-like structure formed by fusion of multiple fiber cores arranged in an array. Specifically, after arranging multiple fiber cores in a predetermined array, they are bundled, drawn back, and fused (or hot-pressed) to form an integral blank, which is then sliced, ground, and polished to obtain the plate-like structure. The output end surface of the rigid fiber optic panel can be made into a planar or curved structure. The curved surface (such as concave, convex, or complex curved surfaces) is used to realize the light output of curved micro-display arrays, which can be adapted to application scenarios such as human eye field of view or automotive HUD windshields. The overall shape of the rigid fiber optic panel is similar to a thick glass sheet, which has good overall mechanical stability. Its end face is easy to prepare for thin film and micro / nano pattern processing. The wavelength conversion layer can be directly formed on its end face through processes such as photolithography, inkjet printing, and nanoimprinting, achieving integrated design.

[0047] In this specific embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer module is fabricated by forming a patterned wavelength conversion layer on the end face of the fiber array transmission module. The formation method includes: cleaning, surface activation and / or surface modification of the end face, and then forming a wavelength conversion sub-pixel array corresponding to the light output unit of the fiber array on the end face by deposition, coating, inkjet printing, transfer printing, photolithography or nanoimprinting. The black matrix is ​​fabricated by forming a patterned light-shielding structure between adjacent sub-pixel regions. The sidewalls of the black matrix are inclined sidewalls that are tilted relative to the thickness direction or straight walls that are basically upright relative to the thickness direction.

[0048] It should be noted that the wavelength conversion layer module is fabricated by forming a patterned wavelength conversion layer on the end face of the fiber array transmission module. Before fabrication, the fiber array end face is first cleaned, surface activated, and / or surface modified to enhance the adhesion between the wavelength conversion material and the end face. Surface activation treatment can be performed using plasma treatment, ultraviolet ozone treatment, or chemical solution treatment. Subsequently, wavelength conversion sub-pixel arrays corresponding to the light-emitting units of the fiber array are formed on the end face using deposition, coating, inkjet printing, transfer printing, photolithography, or nanoimprinting. Taking inkjet printing as an example, inks containing quantum dots of different colors are loaded into different reservoirs of the inkjet printhead. According to a preset pixel arrangement pattern, red quantum dot ink, green quantum dot ink, and blue quantum dot ink (or light-transmitting material precursors) are printed onto the corresponding sub-pixel positions, and then cured to form a patterned wavelength conversion layer. The black matrix is ​​fabricated by forming a patterned light-shielding structure between adjacent sub-pixel regions. The light-shielding structure can be formed using absorptive materials (such as black photoresist) and / or reflective materials (such as metallic chromium, aluminum, etc.) through processes such as photolithography, inkjet printing, evaporation, sputtering, deposition, coating, transfer printing, or nanoimprinting. In actual fabrication, a uniform light-shielding material layer can first be formed on the end face of the fiber array, and then the light-shielding material can be removed at the sub-pixel positions using photolithography, retaining the light-shielding structure between the sub-pixels, thereby forming a black matrix. The sidewalls of the black matrix can be made into inclined sidewalls that are tilted relative to the thickness direction or straight walls that are basically upright relative to the thickness direction. When using inclined sidewalls, this can be achieved by controlling the photolithographic exposure angle or etching process parameters. Inclined sidewalls are beneficial for improving the interfacial bonding force between the wavelength conversion layer and the black matrix, as well as the light extraction efficiency. Straight-walled black matrices can be achieved through conventional vertical exposure and etching processes, which are relatively simple.

[0049] In this specific embodiment, a single light-emitting region of the pixel array light source corresponds one-to-one with a sub-pixel region of the wavelength conversion layer module or corresponds at a predetermined multiple. Furthermore, when the excitation light is blue light, the blue sub-pixel region is either a blank area that transmits the excitation light or an area filled with light-transmitting matrix material; when the excitation light is violet light, the blue sub-pixel region contains wavelength conversion material for converting violet light into blue light.

[0050] It should be noted that each individual emitting region of the pixel array light source corresponds one-to-one with or at a predetermined multiple of the sub-pixel regions of the wavelength conversion layer module. In a one-to-one correspondence, each emitting unit independently controls its corresponding fiber core and sub-pixel, achieving the highest resolution display, suitable for micro-displays and near-eye displays. In a predetermined multiple correspondence, the light from a single emitting region is coupled to multiple sub-pixels, reducing the complexity of the driving circuitry, suitable for flexible displays or large-size displays. When the excitation light is blue light, the blue sub-pixel region is either a blank area for transmitting the excitation light or an area filled with a transparent substrate material, while the red and green sub-pixel regions are filled with their respective wavelength conversion materials. When the excitation light is violet light, the blue sub-pixel region also needs to be filled with a wavelength conversion material that can convert violet light to blue light. The red, green, and blue sub-pixels all contain wavelength conversion materials, converting violet light into red, green, and blue light, respectively.

[0051] It is worth mentioning that the wavelength conversion material is one or more of the following: quantum dot material, phosphor material, organic fluorescent material, perovskite luminescent material, or other wavelength conversion material that can convert excitation light into light of the corresponding color.

[0052] In the first specific application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the display device mainly includes a pixel array light source 1, a flexible optical fiber 203, a wavelength conversion layer 301 placed after the optical fiber array, and an optical control layer 401 for the flat display end. The direction of light propagation is shown by arrow 5.

[0053] The pixel array light source 1 is located on one side of the flexible optical fiber 203 to provide excitation light. The excitation light can be blue light, violet light, a mixture of blue and violet light, or other light capable of exciting wavelength-converting materials to emit light. The pixel array light source 1 can be a Micro-OLED, Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or laser light source. The flexible optical fiber 203 is a wire-shaped imaging fiber bundle composed of thousands or tens of thousands of fiber cores arranged in a regular hexagon. Its function is to couple the excitation light emitted by the pixel array light source 1 from the input end to the output end. A core cladding and / or an optical isolation filling layer can be disposed between adjacent fiber cores. The material of the optical isolation filling layer includes, but is not limited to, low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, or combinations thereof, to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk. Due to the refractive index difference between the fiber core and the cladding, the light coupled into the fiber core can undergo repeated total internal reflection at the core-cladding interface and propagate along the inside of the fiber before exiting from the other end. Taking Micro-LED as an example, the correspondence between the light source and the fiber core can be one-to-one or one-to-many. When the correspondence is one-to-one, each Micro-LED can correspond to a wavelength conversion unit, thereby achieving high-density array light output. Since the flexible optical fiber 203 has flexibility and a certain distance transmission capability, the light-emitting end and the light-emitting end can be arranged separately, thereby improving the flexibility of system structure design.

[0054] A wavelength conversion layer 301 is disposed after the output end of the flexible optical fiber 203. This wavelength conversion layer 301 is used to convert the wavelength of the excitation light transmitted through the fiber array, thereby forming an arrayed output of different wavelengths. Specifically, taking red, green, and blue sub-pixels as an example, the wavelength conversion layer 301 can be patterned to form red sub-pixel regions, green sub-pixel regions, and blue sub-pixel regions. Black matrices can also be set between adjacent sub-pixels to reduce optical crosstalk between sub-pixels and improve contrast. Among them, the red sub-pixel regions are filled with materials that can convert the excitation light into red light, and the green sub-pixel regions are filled with materials that can convert the excitation light into green light; the blue sub-pixel regions can be blank transparent areas when blue light is used for excitation, and can also be filled with wavelength conversion materials that convert violet light into blue light when violet light is used for excitation. When the wavelength conversion layer 301 is patterned into a pixel array containing red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions, and a black matrix is ​​set between adjacent sub-pixel regions, it can be used as a full-color micro-display device. In other embodiments, the wavelength conversion layer 301 can also be filled with a conversion material that achieves other target output wavelengths, and the target output wavelength is not limited to red light, green light, and blue light. The wavelength conversion layer 301 can be attached to the output end surface of the flexible optical fiber 203 in the form of a film, and a refractive index matching layer and / or adhesive layer can also be set between the two to improve the interface coupling effect and mechanical bonding stability. When the pixel array light source 1 is a full-color sub-pixel array light source, the wavelength conversion layer 301 can also be simplified into a functional layer formed by a filter layer, a light shaping layer, a planarization layer, an encapsulation layer, or a combination thereof, used to filter, shape, protect, and / or control the output light of the full-color sub-pixel array light source, and can be integrated with the optical control layer 401 of the flat panel display end.

[0055] A planar display end optical control layer 401 is disposed after the wavelength conversion layer 301. This planar display end optical control layer 401 is used to further shape and optimize the output light after wavelength conversion, such as to achieve collimation, homogenization, brightness enhancement, diffusion, or other light field manipulation, so as to form a display effect that matches a predetermined light distribution. The planar display end optical control layer 401 can be a planar optical film or a structure such as a microlens array with specific optical functions.

[0056] The application operates as follows: the excitation light emitted by the pixel array light source 1 is first coupled into the flexible optical fiber 203 from the input end and transmitted along the flexible optical fiber 203 to the output end; subsequently, the excitation light enters the wavelength conversion layer 301 located thereafter, where wavelength conversion is completed and output light of the corresponding wavelength is formed; then, the output light passes through the optical control layer 401 at the flat panel display end for light field shaping, and finally exits in the direction shown by arrow 5. This implementation can be used in micro-displays, remote array displays, and micro-projection displays and near-eye displays with certain transmission distance requirements.

[0057] In the second specific application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the display device mainly includes a pixel array light source 1, a wavelength conversion layer 302 placed in front of the fiber array, a rigid fiber array 204, and a curved surface-adapted display end optical control layer 402. The direction of light propagation is shown by arrow 5.

[0058] The pixel array light source 1 is disposed on one side of the wavelength conversion layer 302 to provide excitation light. The excitation light can be blue light, violet light, a mixture of blue and violet light, or other light capable of exciting the wavelength conversion material to emit light. The pixel array light source 1 can be a Micro-OLED, Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or laser light source. The wavelength conversion layer 302 is disposed before the rigid fiber array 204, meaning the excitation light first enters the wavelength conversion layer 302 and is then coupled into the rigid fiber array 204 for transmission. The wavelength conversion layer 302 can be patterned to form monochromatic or multi-color sub-pixels, such as red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions. A black matrix can be set between adjacent sub-pixels to reduce optical crosstalk and improve contrast. The red sub-pixel region is filled with a material that converts the excitation light into red light, and the green sub-pixel region is filled with a material that converts the excitation light into green light. The blue sub-pixel region can be a blank transparent area when excited by blue light, and can also be filled with a material that converts violet light into blue light when excited by violet light. When the wavelength conversion layer 302 is patterned into a pixel array containing red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions, and a black matrix is ​​set between adjacent sub-pixel regions, it can be used as a full-color microdisplay device. In other embodiments, the wavelength conversion layer 302 can also be filled with materials that achieve other target output wavelengths, and the target output wavelength is not limited to red light, green light, and blue light. Adjacent pixel regions can be filled with wavelength conversion materials with different emission wavelengths to achieve different wavelength outputs; they can also be filled with wavelength conversion materials with the same emission wavelength to achieve an arrayed arrangement of output units with the same wavelength. When the pixel array light source 1 is a full-color sub-pixel array light source, the wavelength conversion layer 302 can also be simplified into a functional layer formed by a filter layer, a light shaping layer, a planarization layer, an encapsulation layer, or a combination thereof, used to filter, shape, protect, and / or control the output light of the full-color sub-pixel array light source, and can be integrated with the curved surface-adapted display end optical control layer 402.

[0059] Rigid fiber optic panels are plate-like structures formed by bundling, re-drawing, and fusing (or hot-melt pressing) multiple fiber cores in an array, followed by slicing, grinding, and polishing. Rigid fiber optic panels have at least two end faces: an input end and an output end. The internal fiber cores can be arranged in a hexagonal close-packed pattern, a square pattern, or other array configurations. Fiber cladding and / or optical isolation filling layers can be placed between adjacent fiber cores. The materials of the optical isolation filling layers include, but are not limited to, low-refractive-index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective materials, or combinations thereof, to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk. Its appearance resembles a thick, transparent glass sheet, possessing both the pixelated light transmission characteristics of fiber optic arrays and good overall mechanical stability. After the excitation light or the light modulated by the wavelength conversion layer 302 is coupled into the rigid fiber array 204 from the input end, due to the refractive index difference between the fiber core and the cladding, the light can undergo repeated total internal reflection at the interface between the fiber core and the cladding, and then be transmitted along the inside of the rigid fiber array 204 to the output end on the other side. Unlike flexible optical fibers, the rigid fiber array 204 is more suitable for constructing display devices with a fixed shape.

[0060] In this application, the rigid fiber array 204 shown in the figure has a curved output structure, but its light-emitting side is not limited to the shape illustrated. In practical applications, the output end face of the rigid fiber array 204 can be a flat surface, a concave surface, a convex surface, or a complex curved surface. The specific surface shape can be selected according to the target light distribution design, observation method, or system integration requirements. Therefore, this implementation is not only suitable for flat displays, but also for curved or irregularly shaped display devices.

[0061] The wavelength conversion layer 302 can be deposited before the rigid fiber array 204 via a film-mount method, or it can be directly formed on the light-incident end face of the rigid fiber array 204. Since the overall shape of the rigid fiber array 204 is similar to a thick glass sheet, its end face is suitable for thin film fabrication and micro / nano patterning. Therefore, the wavelength conversion layer 302 can be directly deposited or constructed on the end face of the rigid fiber array 204 through photolithography, inkjet printing, nanoimprinting, coating, transfer printing, or other patterning processes, thereby achieving integrated fabrication with the rigid fiber array 204. If necessary, an adhesive layer and / or a refractive index matching layer can be provided between the wavelength conversion layer 302 and the rigid fiber array 204 to improve interface bonding and optical coupling effects.

[0062] A curved optical control layer 402 is disposed on the output side of the rigid fiber array 204. This curved optical control layer can be attached to a planar or curved output surface. The curved optical control layer 402 can be a flexible optical film, a curved optical film layer, or a flexible optical functional layer with a specific microstructure, used for collimating, homogenizing, diffusing, brightening, filtering, or other optical field manipulation of the output light. Because this layer has flexibility and surface adaptability, it can be attached to planar, concave, convex, or complex curved output surfaces, thus adapting to the form requirements of different display panels.

[0063] The working process of this application is as follows: The excitation light emitted by the pixel array light source 1 first enters the wavelength conversion layer 302 located before the rigid fiber array 204, where the corresponding wavelength conversion or transmission output is completed. Subsequently, the converted light is coupled into the rigid fiber array 204 from the light input end and transmitted along its interior to the light output end. Afterward, the output light is further shaped by the curved surface-adapted display end optical control layer 402 and then emitted in the direction shown by arrow 5. This implementation utilizes the overall stability and end-face machinability of the rigid fiber array 204 to achieve the integrated combination of the wavelength conversion layer and the fiber array, and can construct planar or curved display output structures as needed, making it suitable for micro-displays, curved micro-displays, and other irregularly shaped display scenarios.

[0064] In the third specific application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the display device mainly includes a pixel array light source 1, an optical fiber array 205 with two or more transmission paths, a wavelength conversion layer 303 located at a predetermined cross section in the middle of the optical fiber array, and a planar display end optical control layer 401 disposed at the output end. The direction of light propagation is shown by arrow 5.

[0065] The pixel array light source 1 is located on one side of the fiber array 205 and is used to provide excitation light. The excitation light is blue light, violet light, blue-violet mixed light, or other light capable of exciting wavelength conversion materials to emit light. The pixel array light source 1 can be a Micro-OLED, Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or laser light source. The segmented fiber array 205 has two or more transmission paths and can be a flexible fiber bundle or a rigid fiber panel. Its interior is composed of multiple fiber cores and an outer cladding. The segmented fiber array 205 has at least two end faces: an input end and an output end. The excitation light is coupled in from the input end and transmitted along the fiber core to the output end. A core cladding and / or an optical isolation filling layer can be provided between adjacent fiber cores. The material of the optical isolation filling layer includes, but is not limited to, low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, or combinations thereof, to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk. Due to the refractive index difference between the fiber core and cladding, light coupled into the core can undergo repeated total internal reflection at the core-cladding interface and propagate along the fiber's interior. Unlike the wavelength conversion layer in Application 1, which is located after the output end, the wavelength conversion layer 303 in this application is located at a predetermined cross-section in the middle of the fiber array 205's transmission path. This allows the excitation light to first enter this wavelength conversion layer during its propagation within the fiber, and then continue propagating along the subsequent fiber structure to the final output end.

[0066] A wavelength conversion layer 303 located at a predetermined cross-section in the middle of the fiber array is used to convert the wavelength of the excitation light during transmission, thereby forming arrayed light outputs of different wavelengths within the fiber array. Specifically, the wavelength conversion layer 303 can be patterned to form multi-color sub-pixel regions, such as red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions; a black matrix can also be set between adjacent sub-pixels to reduce optical crosstalk between sub-pixels and improve contrast. Taking quantum dot wavelength conversion materials as an example, the red sub-pixel region is filled with quantum dot materials that can convert the excitation light into red light, the green sub-pixel region is filled with quantum dot materials that can convert the excitation light into green light; the blue sub-pixel region can be a blank transparent region when excited by blue light, and can also be filled with quantum dot materials that convert violet light into blue light when excited by violet light. When the wavelength conversion layer 303 is patterned into a pixel array containing red, green, and blue sub-pixel regions, and a black matrix is ​​set between adjacent sub-pixel regions, it can be used as a full-color micro-display device. In other embodiments, the wavelength conversion layer 303 can also be filled with materials that achieve other target output wavelengths, and the target output wavelength is not limited to red light, green light, and blue light. When the pixel array light source 1 is a full-color sub-pixel array light source, the wavelength conversion layer 303 can also be simplified into a functional layer formed by a filter layer, a light shaping layer, a planarization layer, an encapsulation layer, or a combination thereof, used to filter, shape, protect, and / or control the output light of the full-color sub-pixel array light source, and can be integrated with the optical control layer 401 of the flat panel display.

[0067] The wavelength conversion layer 303 can be disposed at a predetermined cross-section in the middle of the fiber array 205 by means of film embedding, clamping and attachment, or direct construction. In some embodiments, the fiber array can first form a middle cross-section at a predetermined position, and then the wavelength conversion layer 303 can be disposed at this cross-section, and connected to the preceding and following fiber array segments through an adhesive layer and / or a refractive index matching layer to improve the interface coupling effect and enhance structural stability. Specifically, a first fiber array segment can be prepared first, and the wavelength conversion layer 303 can be formed on the end face of the first fiber array segment. Then, a second fiber array segment can be aligned and spliced ​​with the first fiber array segment through a transparent adhesive layer and / or a refractive index matching layer, so that the wavelength conversion layer 303 is located between the first fiber array segment and the second fiber array segment. In other embodiments, the wavelength conversion layer 303 can also be directly formed at a predetermined cross-section in the middle of the rigid fiber panel through photolithography, inkjet printing, nanoimprinting, coating, transfer printing, or other patterning processes, thereby achieving integrated construction.

[0068] A planar display end optical control layer 401 is provided at the output end of the fiber array 205. This planar display end optical control layer 401 is used to further shape and optimize the output light after wavelength conversion at the intermediate cross-section, such as achieving collimation, homogenization, brightness enhancement, diffusion, or other light field modulation, to form a display effect that matches a predetermined light distribution. The planar display end optical control layer 401 can be a planar optical film, a microlens array, a curved surface adaptable optical film, or other structures with specific optical functions.

[0069] The working process of this application is as follows: The excitation light emitted by the pixel array light source 1 is first coupled into the fiber array 205 through the light input end, and then transmitted along the front section of the fiber array 205 to the predetermined cross section in the middle; subsequently, the excitation light enters the wavelength conversion layer 303 located at this cross section, where wavelength conversion is completed and output light of the corresponding wavelength is formed; after that, the wavelength-converted light continues to be transmitted along the subsequent fiber array 205 to the final output end, and after light field shaping by the optical control layer 401 of the flat panel display end, it is emitted in the direction shown by arrow 5. This embodiment integrates the wavelength conversion function inside the fiber array, which is beneficial to improving the flexibility of the display device structure layout, and can be used for micro-displays, remote array displays, and micro-projection displays and near-eye displays with specific optical path layout requirements.

[0070] In the fourth specific application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the display device mainly includes a pixel array light source 1, a flexible display substrate structure 206 composed of an array of multiple flexible optical fiber bundles 2061 and a flexible substrate 2062, a flexible wavelength conversion layer 304, and a flexible display end optical control layer 403.

[0071] The pixel array light source 1 is disposed on one side of the flexible display substrate structure 206 and is used to provide excitation light or image light information. The excitation light is blue light, violet light, blue-violet mixed light, or other light that can excite wavelength conversion materials to emit light. The pixel array light source 1 can be a Micro-OLED, Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or laser light source.

[0072] The flexible display substrate structure 206 comprises an array of multiple flexible fiber bundles 2061 and a flexible substrate 2062. The array of multiple flexible fiber bundles 2061 is used to couple the optical signals output from the pixel array light source 1 from the input end to the output end on the display output side. Each flexible fiber bundle has at least two end faces, an input end and an output end. After being coupled in from the input end, the optical signal is transmitted along the fiber core to the output end. A core cladding and / or an optical isolation filling layer can be provided between adjacent fiber cores. The material of the optical isolation filling layer includes, but is not limited to, low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, or combinations thereof, to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress inter-pixel crosstalk. Because the flexible fiber bundles are flexible and bendable, the light-emitting end and the display end can be arranged separately, and the transmission requirements under different spatial layouts can be adapted. A flexible substrate 2062 is disposed on the light-emitting end side of the array of multiple flexible optical fibers 2061 to support and fix the rearranged light-emitting end array structure, thereby forming a flexible display area. The flexible substrate 2062 can be made of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, thermoplastic polyurethane, or other bendable polymer materials to give the display end overall flexibility and bendability.

[0073] In this application, the light-emitting ends of the multiple flexible fiber bundle array 2061 are rearranged from a bundle-like transmission structure into a planar array structure and fixed on a flexible substrate 2062, thereby forming a flexible display substrate structure 206 based on the multiple flexible fiber bundle array and the flexible substrate. Specifically, each flexible fiber bundle is unfolded near the light-emitting end, so that multiple light-emitting units are arranged in a two-dimensional array and connected to or embedded in the flexible substrate 2062 to form a flexible display area.

[0074] Furthermore, a flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the flexible display substrate structure 206. The flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 is used to perform pixelated wavelength conversion on the excitation light transmitted through the array of multiple flexible optical fibers 2061, thereby forming the target display wavelength output. The flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 can be patterned to form monochromatic or multi-color sub-pixel regions, such as red sub-pixel regions, green sub-pixel regions, and blue sub-pixel regions; a black matrix can also be disposed between adjacent sub-pixels to reduce crosstalk and improve display contrast. The flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 can be attached to the light-emitting side of the flexible substrate 2062 in the form of a flexible film, or it can be directly formed on the surface of the flexible substrate 2062 and / or the light-emitting end-plane array structure. When the pixel array light source 1 is a full-color sub-pixel array light source, the flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 can also be simplified to a flexible filter layer, a flexible light shaping layer, a flexible planarization layer, a flexible encapsulation layer, or a combination thereof to form a flexible functional layer, which is used to filter, shape, protect and / or control the output light of the full-color sub-pixel array light source, and can be integrated with the flexible display end optical control layer 403.

[0075] A flexible display end optical control layer 403 is disposed on the emission side of the flexible wavelength conversion layer 304. The flexible display end optical control layer 403 is used to further control the output light after wavelength conversion, such as to achieve collimation, homogenization, diffusion, brightness enhancement, filtering, or other light field manipulation. The flexible display end optical control layer 403 can be a flexible optical film, a flexible microstructure optical layer, a flexible microlens array layer, or other flexible structures with light field manipulation functions, and can be attached to the surface of the flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 to adapt to the overall curved display form.

[0076] The working process of this application is as follows: The excitation light or image light information emitted by the pixel array light source 1 is first coupled into the array of multiple flexible fiber bundles 2061 through the light input end, and then transmitted to the light output end along each flexible fiber bundle; subsequently, the light output ends of each flexible fiber bundle are rearranged to form an area array light output structure on the flexible substrate 2062; then, the output light enters the flexible wavelength conversion layer 304, where the corresponding wavelength conversion is completed; finally, the converted light is further controlled by the flexible display end optical control layer 403 before being output, thereby forming a flexible display image.

[0077] This application rearranges the light-emitting ends of multiple flexible fiber bundle arrays 2061 into a planar array structure and fixes it on a flexible substrate 2062. Combined with a flexible wavelength conversion layer 304 and a flexible display end optical control layer 403, it achieves the separation of the light-emitting end and the display end, and the combination of flexible fiber transmission and flexible display output. It is suitable for flexible displays, wearable displays, adhesive displays, near-eye displays, micro-projection displays and other application scenarios that require adjustable display surface shape.

[0078] This invention utilizes a fiber optic array transmission module as an optical transmission bridge between the light source and the display, achieving a physical separation of the two. The driving circuit and heating element of the light source can be located at the far end, while the display retains only a thin fiber optic output structure. This significantly reduces the size and thickness of the display and allows for flexible or curved designs independent of the light source. It can be attached to irregular surfaces, meeting the diverse display form requirements of emerging applications such as wearable displays and irregularly shaped displays.

[0079] The wavelength conversion layer module can be flexibly positioned on the light-incident side, light-outcident side, or at a predetermined cross-section of the light transmission path. Combined with the black matrix structure between adjacent sub-pixels, it effectively suppresses optical crosstalk caused by lateral light penetration between pixels, improving color purity and display contrast. Simultaneously, the display-end optical control module collimates, homogenizes, or diffuses the output light, ensuring the emitted light field matches the light input requirements of subsequent projection lenses or near-eye optical systems, thereby improving light energy utilization and display effect.

[0080] When at least two wavelength conversion sublayers are sequentially arranged along the optical transmission direction, the single-stage large-span wavelength conversion is decomposed into multiple stages of smaller-span wavelength conversion, so that the total conversion wavelength difference of the wavelength conversion layer module is shared by each stage of wavelength conversion sublayers. Because the wavelength span of a single conversion stage is reduced, the Stokes displacement loss during each conversion process is correspondingly reduced, thus improving energy conversion efficiency. Simultaneously, the heat generated by wavelength conversion is no longer concentrated on a single cross-section but is dispersed to different axial positions of the fiber array transmission module, effectively alleviating local heat accumulation, slowing down the thermal aging of the wavelength conversion material, and extending the device's lifespan. Furthermore, a wavelength-selective transmission layer is placed between adjacent wavelength conversion sublayers, allowing the emitted wavelength of the previous stage to be transmitted to the next stage, while at least partially reflecting the residual short-wavelength excitation light from the previous stage back to the previous stage to participate in the conversion again, further improving the wavelength conversion efficiency and the spectral purity of the emitted light.

[0081] In summary, the embodiments of this invention achieve separate arrangement of the light source and display end through fiber optic array transmission, as well as flexible and curved display forms. The black matrix structure suppresses inter-pixel crosstalk, and the optical control module enables on-demand control of the emitted light field. The cascaded wavelength conversion architecture reduces Stokes displacement loss, disperses heat accumulation, and extends device lifespan. These embodiments of the invention have achieved significant progress in display form flexibility, system layout freedom, color purity, light energy utilization, and operational stability, and can be widely applied in fields such as micro-displays, near-eye displays, flexible displays, and micro-projection displays.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-color display device based on a fiber optic array, characterized in that, The display device includes: a pixel array light source, a fiber array transmission module, a wavelength conversion layer module, and a display end optical control module; The pixel array light source is used to provide excitation light; The fiber array transmission module is composed of multiple fiber cores arranged in an array, and has at least two end faces: an input end and an output end. The excitation light is coupled into the input end and transmitted in the fiber core to the output end for emission. The wavelength conversion layer module is disposed at a predetermined cross-section in the optical fiber array transmission module, on the light input side, the light output side, or in the transmission path, and is used to perform pixelated wavelength conversion on the excitation light. The wavelength conversion layer module includes a sub-pixel array composed of multiple sub-pixels, the sub-pixel array including at least a red sub-pixel region, a green sub-pixel region, and a blue sub-pixel region to achieve full-color display. At least a portion of the sub-pixel regions contain wavelength conversion material, which absorbs short-wavelength excitation light and emits long-wavelength target wavelength light. A black matrix is ​​disposed between adjacent sub-pixels to suppress optical crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels. The light input side of the optical fiber array transmission module is one side of the light input end, and the light output side of the optical fiber array transmission module is one side of the light output end. The display end optical control module is located on the output side of the wavelength conversion layer module or the output side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to shape and / or optimize the output light to form a display effect that matches a predetermined light distribution.

2. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion layer module includes at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers arranged sequentially along the excitation light transmission direction. Each wavelength conversion sub-layer is located at a different axial position along the excitation light transmission direction. Along the excitation light transmission direction, the emission wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer serves as at least a portion of the excitation wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer. The emission wavelength of the following wavelength conversion sub-layer is greater than the emission wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer, thereby forming a cascaded wavelength conversion path. The total conversion wavelength difference of the wavelength conversion layer module is shared by the at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, thereby dispersing the heat generated by wavelength conversion to different locations through graded conversion and reducing heat accumulation.

3. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion sublayer has a three-layer structure, including: A first wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed on the light input side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the excitation light into a first intermediate wavelength light; The second wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed at a predetermined cross section in the transmission path of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the first intermediate wavelength light into second intermediate wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the first intermediate wavelength light. A third wavelength conversion sublayer is disposed on the light output side of the fiber array transmission module, and is used to convert at least a portion of the second intermediate wavelength light into target output wavelength light, wherein the wavelength of the target output wavelength light is greater than the wavelength of the second intermediate wavelength light.

4. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 3, characterized in that, The excitation light is blue or violet, the first intermediate wavelength light is green, the second intermediate wavelength light is yellow or orange, and the target output wavelength light is red.

5. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fiber array transmission module further includes a heat-conducting structure disposed around the fiber core and extending along the axial direction of the fiber array transmission module. The heat-conducting structure is used to conduct the heat generated at each wavelength conversion sublayer to a predetermined heat dissipation area along the axial direction. The heat-conducting structure is at least one selected from annular heat pipes, high thermal conductivity cladding materials, and combinations thereof. The material of the high thermal conductivity cladding material is selected from one or more of boron nitride, diamond, graphene, and their composite materials.

6. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the at least two wavelength conversion sub-layers, a wavelength selective transmission layer is provided between adjacent wavelength conversion sub-layers. The wavelength selective transmission layer is used to transmit the emitted wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer to the following wavelength conversion sub-layer, and at least partially reflect the excitation wavelength of the preceding wavelength conversion sub-layer.

7. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 1, characterized in that, An optical isolation filling layer is provided between adjacent fiber cores. The optical isolation filling layer is selected from one or more of low refractive index materials, light-absorbing materials, light-shielding materials, reflective isolation materials, and combinations thereof, and is used to reduce optical coupling between adjacent fiber cores and suppress crosstalk between pixels.

8. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic array transmission module is selected from one of the following two forms: A flexible fiber bundle is composed of multiple fiber cores bundled together. The multiple flexible fiber bundles are arranged in an array, and their light-emitting ends are rearranged into a planar array structure and fixed on a flexible substrate to form a flexible display area. The rigid fiber optic panel is an integral plate-like structure formed by assembling and fusing multiple fiber cores in an array. The output end surface of the rigid fiber optic panel is either flat or curved, with the curved surface used to realize the light output of the curved micro-display array.

9. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wavelength conversion layer module is fabricated by forming a patterned wavelength conversion layer on the end face of the fiber array transmission module. The formation method includes: cleaning, surface activation and / or surface modification of the end face, and then forming a wavelength conversion sub-pixel array corresponding to the light output unit of the fiber array on the end face by deposition, coating, inkjet printing, transfer printing, photolithography or nanoimprinting. The black matrix is ​​prepared by forming a patterned light-shielding structure between adjacent sub-pixel regions. The sidewalls of the black matrix are inclined sidewalls that are tilted relative to the thickness direction or straight walls that are substantially upright relative to the thickness direction.

10. The full-color display device based on a fiber optic array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each emitting region of the pixel array light source corresponds one-to-one with the sub-pixel region of the wavelength conversion layer module or corresponds to it by a predetermined multiple. Furthermore, when the excitation light is blue light, the blue sub-pixel region is a blank region that transmits the excitation light or a region filled with a light-transmitting matrix material; when the excitation light is violet light, the blue sub-pixel region contains a wavelength conversion material for converting violet light into blue light.

Images