Method for predicting sulfur content of heavy oil hydroprocessed oil

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method for predicting the sulfur content of heavy oil hydrogenation product oil, which comprises: obtaining heavy oil raw material and to-be-tested hydrogenation product oil; obtaining characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil raw material; substituting the characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil raw material into a characteristic factor power law model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction; substituting the characteristic factor into a characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the reaction rate constant of the hydrogenation reaction; and substituting the reaction rate constant into a reaction kinetics model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the predicted value of the sulfur content of the to-be-tested hydrogenation product oil. The method is suitable for predicting the sulfur content of various common heavy oil raw materials and has high prediction accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method for predicting the sulfur content of oil produced by heavy oil hydrogenation. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy oil hydrotreating is a widely used deep processing technology for heavy oil, offering the advantage of high liquid product yields. By establishing a kinetic model of the heavy oil hydrotreating reaction, the properties of the product under different conditions can be predicted using a small number of parameters, or process conditions can be determined based on the requirements of feedstock and product properties. Existing research shows that factors such as the asphaltenes content, metallic impurities, and carbon residue of heavy oil feedstocks have a significant impact on the hydrotreating reaction rate and catalyst lifetime. However, the differences in the properties of different heavy oil feedstocks and catalysts limit the existing kinetic models, resulting in low prediction accuracy and hindering their widespread application. Therefore, current technology lacks a method to accurately predict the sulfur content of hydrotreated products based on heavy oil properties. This not only affects the refinery's rational blending of different crude oils but also restricts the accuracy of hydrotreating process optimization and catalyst performance evaluation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a method for predicting the sulfur content of heavy oil hydrotreating products with broad applicability and improved prediction accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a method for predicting the sulfur content of oil produced from heavy oil hydrotreating, the method comprising: Obtain heavy oil feedstock and hydrogenated oil to be tested, wherein the hydrogenated oil to be tested is obtained by hydrogenating the heavy oil feedstock; The characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil feedstock are obtained, wherein the characteristic property parameters include at least one of sulfur content, nitrogen content, metal component content, aromatic content, carbon residue value and viscosity; The characteristic properties of the heavy oil feedstock are substituted into the characteristic factor power law model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the characteristic factor power law model is the characteristic property parameter, and the dependent variable is the characteristic factor; The characteristic factor is substituted into the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the reaction rate constant of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model is the characteristic factor, and the dependent variable is the reaction rate constant; Substitute the reaction rate constant into the reaction kinetic model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the predicted sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be tested.

[0005] Optionally, the characteristic property parameters include sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, vanadium content, aromatic content, carbon residue value, and viscosity; The power law model of the characteristic factor is as follows (1): (1) In equation (1), X S Representative characteristic factor, S This represents sulfur content, expressed in % by weight. a The fitting index for sulfur content is... Q The viscosity factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (2). b The viscosity factor fitting index is... N This represents nitrogen content, expressed in % by weight. c The nitrogen content fitting index, R Represents residual carbon value and is expressed in weight percentage. d The fitting index for residual carbon value, G This represents the aromatic content, expressed in % by weight. e The fitting index for aromatic component content is... U The metal component content factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (3). f The fitting index for the metal component content factor; (2) In equation (2), μ This represents the viscosity at 100°C, and the unit is mm. 2 / s; (3) In equation (3), m v This represents vanadium content, expressed in ppm. m Ni This represents the nickel content, and the unit is ppm. The linear regression model of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant is as follows (4): (4) In equation (4), k S Represents the reaction rate constant. p and q The fitting coefficients are denoted as .

[0006] Optionally, in equation (1), a The range is from -0.60 to -0.40. b The range is from -0.30 to -0.20. c The range is from -0.020 to -0.015. d The range is from -0.50 to -0.30. e The range is from -0.30 to -0.20. f The value is 0.10 to 0.30; and / or, In equation (4), p It is 5~10. q It ranges from 0 to 1.

[0007] Optionally, the reaction kinetic model is as follows (5): (5) In equation (5), C S This represents the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil being tested, expressed in % by weight. C S0 This represents the sulfur content of the heavy oil feedstock, expressed in % by weight. t The term represents the residence time of the heavy oil feedstock after passing through the hydrogenation catalyst, and is expressed in hours (h). n This represents the reaction order of the hydrogenation reaction.

[0008] Alternatively, in equation (5), n It is 1.1~2.

[0009] Optionally, the heavy oil feedstock is crude oil with a K value of 10.5 to 14; and / or, the heavy oil feedstock has an aromatic content of 12 to 55% by weight and a density of 810 to 1080 kg / m³. 3 .

[0010] Optionally, the hydrogenation reaction is carried out in a fixed-bed reactor, which is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0011] Optionally, the hydrogenation catalyst includes an active metal component and a support; The active metal component includes at least one of nickel-tungsten, nickel-tungsten-cobalt, nickel-molybdenum, and cobalt-molybdenum; the support includes at least one of alumina, silicon dioxide, and amorphous aluminum silicate.

[0012] Optionally, the hydrogenation catalyst comprises a hydrogenation protective agent, a hydrogenation demetallizing agent, and a hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent loaded sequentially. The weight ratio of the hydrogenation protective agent, the hydrogenation demetallizing agent and the hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent is 1:(5~14):(5~14).

[0013] Optionally, the conditions for the hydrogenation reaction include: a temperature of 320~450℃, a pressure of 10~22MPa, and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.05~1.0h. -1 The hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio is 250~1500 Nm 3 / m 3 .

[0014] Through the above technical solution, this disclosure calculates the characteristic factors and reaction rate constants of the heavy oil feedstock for hydrogenation based on the characteristic property parameters of the feedstock, and obtains the predicted sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil through a reaction kinetic model. It is applicable to various heavy oil feedstocks with different hydrocarbon compositions and has high prediction accuracy.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for predicting the sulfur content of heavy oil hydrogenation product according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0018] This disclosure provides a method for predicting the sulfur content of oil produced from the hydrogenation of heavy oil, with reference to... Figure 1 The method includes the following steps S101~S105: S101. Obtain heavy oil feedstock and hydrogenated oil to be tested, wherein the hydrogenated oil to be tested is obtained by hydrogenating the heavy oil feedstock. The heavy oil feedstock refers to the heavy components in crude oil. This method is applicable to various heavy oil feedstocks with different hydrocarbon compositions. In one embodiment, the source of the heavy oil feedstock can be the Watson Characterization Factor (K). W The crude oil feedstock has a viscosity of 10.5-14, preferably 11.2-13.2. Specifically, the source of the heavy oil feedstock can be at least one of naphthenic crude oil, intermediate-based crude oil, and paraffinic crude oil. The heavy oil feedstock can be obtained using petroleum refining processes common in the art; for example, the heavy oil feedstock can be atmospheric residue, and the 5% by weight distillation temperature of the heavy oil feedstock can be above 350°C. Further, the heavy oil feedstock can satisfy at least one of the following characteristics: viscosity (100°C) can be 5-1500 mmHg. 2 / s, sulfur content can be 0.01~7.0 wt%, nitrogen content can be 0.01~0.6 wt%, carbon residue value can be 1~20 wt%, metal component content can be 1~350 ppm, and aromatic content can be 12~55 wt%, preferably 12~44 wt%.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the density (at 20°C) of the heavy oil feedstock can be 810~1080 kg / m³. 3 More preferably, it is 840~1030 kg / m 3 The method disclosed herein is particularly applicable to heavy oil feedstocks with the aforementioned density range, and provides high accuracy in predicting the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained after hydrogenation of such feedstocks.

[0020] The hydrogenation reaction can be carried out in a fixed-bed reactor, which is packed with a hydrogenation catalyst. The hydrogenation catalyst can be any commonly used in the art; specifically, it can include an active metal component and a support. Based on the dry weight of the hydrogenation catalyst, the content of the active metal component can be 2-20% by weight; wherein the active metal component can include at least one of nickel-tungsten, nickel-tungsten-cobalt, nickel-molybdenum, and cobalt-molybdenum; the support can include at least one of alumina, silica, and amorphous silica-alumina.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, the hydrogenation catalyst may include a hydrogenation protectant, a hydrogenation demetallizer, and a hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent, which are sequentially packed in the fixed-bed reactor. The hydrogenation protectant is used to remove most of the iron, calcium, and sodium from the residue oil, thus improving scale dissolution. The hydrogenation demetallizer is used to remove metallic impurities from the heavy oil feedstock, mainly nickel and vanadium. The hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent is used to remove sulfides, nitrides, and residual carbon from the heavy oil feedstock. The dosage ratio of the hydrogenation protectant, the hydrogenation demetallizer, and the hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent can be adjusted within a certain range. Specifically, the volume ratio of the hydrogenation protectant, the hydrogenation demetallizer, and the hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent can be 1:(5~14):(5~14), preferably 1:(7~12):(7~12).

[0022] The conditions for the hydrogenation reaction may include: a temperature of 320~450℃, preferably 350℃~420℃; a pressure of 10~22MPa, preferably 12~18MPa; and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.05~1.0h. -1 The preferred time is 0.12~0.4h. -1 The hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio is 250~1500 Nm. 3 / m 3 Preferably 500~1000 Nm 3 / m3 .

[0023] S102. Obtain the characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil feedstock, wherein the characteristic property parameters include at least one of sulfur content, nitrogen content, metal component content, aromatic content, carbon residue value and viscosity. The characteristic property parameters are the independent variables in the power-law model of the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction. These characteristic property parameters are readily available in petroleum refineries and laboratories, making the method of this disclosure easy to implement.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the characteristic property parameters include sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, vanadium content, aromatic content, carbon residue, and viscosity. The sulfur content can be obtained using the GB / T 17040-2008 method, the nitrogen content using the SH / T 0704-2001 method, the nickel and vanadium contents using the SH / T 0715 method, the aromatic content using the SH / T 0509 method, the carbon residue using the GB / T 17144-1997 method, and the viscosity using the GB / T 11137-1989(2004) method.

[0025] S103. Substitute the characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil feedstock into the power-law model of the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the power-law model of the characteristic factor is the characteristic property parameter, and the dependent variable is the characteristic factor; The characteristic factor power law model of the hydrogenation reaction can be established using existing characterization data of heavy oil hydrogenation reaction processes, such as using common fitting software like 1stOpt.

[0026] The characteristic factor power law model can be a multiplicative power law model. In the embodiment where the characteristic property parameters include sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, vanadium content, aromatic content, carbon residue value, and viscosity, the characteristic factor power law model is as follows (1): (1) In equation (1), X S Representative characteristic factor, S This represents sulfur content, expressed in % by weight. a The fitting index for sulfur content is... Q Represents the viscosity factor. b The viscosity factor fitting index is... N This represents nitrogen content, expressed in % by weight. c The nitrogen content fitting index,R Represents residual carbon value and is expressed in weight percentage. d The fitting index for residual carbon value, G This represents the aromatic content, expressed in % by weight. e The fitting index for aromatic component content is... U The metal component content factor, f The fitting index for the metal component content factor. a , b , c , d , e , f All are constants.

[0027] Furthermore, in equation (1), Q It can be calculated according to the following formula (2), U It can be calculated according to the following formula (3): (2) In equation (2), μ This represents the viscosity at 100°C, and the unit is mm. 2 / s; (3) In equation (3), m v This represents vanadium content, expressed in ppm. m Ni This represents the nickel content, and the unit is ppm.

[0028] Furthermore, in equation (1), a It can be between -0.60 and -0.40. b It can be between -0.30 and -0.20. c It can range from -0.020 to -0.015. d It can be between -0.50 and -0.30. e It can be between -0.30 and -0.20. f The range can be 0.10 to 0.30; when the fitting indices are within the above range, it is beneficial to improve the prediction accuracy of sulfur content in hydrogenated oil. For example, a It can be -0.56. b It can be -0.27. c It can be -0.018. d It can be -0.38. e It can be -0.25. f It can be 0.20; or, a It can be -0.48. b It can be -0.24. c It can be -0.016. dIt can be -0.47. e It can be -0.29. f It can be 0.24.

[0029] S104. Substitute the characteristic factor into the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the reaction rate constant of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model is the characteristic factor, and the dependent variable is the reaction rate constant; The characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model of the hydrogenation reaction can be established using existing heavy oil hydrogenation reaction process characterization data through linear regression fitting.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the linear regression model of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant is as follows (4): (4) In equation (4), k S Represents the reaction rate constant. p and q These are the fitting coefficients, and all are constants.

[0031] Furthermore, p It can be 5~10, q The coefficient can be between 0 and 1; a coefficient within this range is beneficial for improving the prediction accuracy of sulfur content in hydrogenated oil. For example, p It can be 8.0. q It can be 0.

[0032] S105. Substitute the reaction rate constant into the reaction kinetic model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the predicted sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be tested.

[0033] The reaction kinetic model of the hydrogenation reaction refers to the equation relating the reaction rate constant to the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be measured.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the reaction kinetic model is as follows (5): (5) In equation (5), C S This represents the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil being tested, expressed in % by weight. C S0 This represents the sulfur content of the heavy oil feedstock, expressed in % by weight. t The term represents the residence time of the heavy oil feedstock after passing through the hydrogenation catalyst, and is expressed in hours (h). n This represents the reaction order of the hydrogenation reaction.

[0035] Furthermore, n It can be 1.1~2, for example, 1.2~1.5 or 1.6~1.9. For example, n It can be 1.6; or, n It can be 1.3.

[0036] This disclosed method can predict the sulfur content of hydrogenated oil under different process conditions based on specific characteristic parameters of heavy oil feedstocks. It is widely applicable to heavy oils from various base crude oil sources, exhibiting significantly improved accuracy and versatility. The characteristic factors are calculated from the conventional properties of the heavy oil feedstocks, eliminating the need for additional complex testing, thus reducing operational difficulty and cost, and facilitating practical production applications. Using this prediction method, the adaptability of different feedstocks can be assessed in advance during the hydrogenation process design phase, thereby optimizing hydrogenation process parameters, improving the operating efficiency of the hydrogenation unit, extending catalyst lifespan, reducing production costs, and providing quantitative evaluation basis for catalyst selection and development. It has significant industrial application value.

[0037] The following embodiments will further illustrate this disclosure, but do not limit this disclosure.

[0038] In the examples, the K-value of crude oil was calculated using the average boiling point and relative density of the oil. The sulfur content of the heavy oil feedstock was tested using GB / T 17040-2008, the nitrogen content using SH / T 0704-2001, the nickel content using SH / T 0715, the vanadium content using SH / T 0715, the aromatic content using SH / T0509, the carbon residue value using GB / T 17144-1997, and the viscosity using GB / T 11137-1989(2004). All catalysts used in the examples were purchased from Changling Branch of Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd.

[0039] Example 1 The heavy oil feedstock A used in this embodiment is atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature 386.7℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1.

[0040] The heavy oil feedstock A was fed into a fixed-bed reactor for hydrogenation to obtain the hydrogenated product oil to be tested. The fixed-bed reactor was loaded with hydrogenation protective agent RG-30B, hydrogenation demetallizing agent RDM-32, and hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent RMS-30 in a volume ratio of 1:9.9:9.9. The hydrogenation reaction conditions were: temperature 380℃, pressure 15.0 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity 0.2 h⁻¹. -1 Hydrogen-to-oil ratio 700 Nm 3 / m 3 .

[0041] Substituting the sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, vanadium content, aromatic content, carbon residue value, and viscosity of heavy oil feedstock A into the characteristic factor power law model of the following formula (1), the characteristic factors are calculated. X S : (1) In equation (1), X S Representative characteristic factor, S This represents the sulfur content (by weight %). a It is -0.56. Q The viscosity factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (2). b It is -0.27. N Represents nitrogen content (by weight %). c It is -0.018. R Represents the residual carbon value (by weight %). d It is -0.38. G Represents the content of aromatic components (by weight %). e It is -0.25. U The metal component content factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (3). f It is 0.20; (2) In equation (2), μ Represents viscosity at 100°C (100°C, mm). 2 / s); (3) In equation (3), m v Represents vanadium content (ppm). m Ni Represents nickel content (ppm); The calculated characteristic factors X S Substituting the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant relationship model into the following equation (4), the reaction rate constant is calculated. k S : (4) In equation (4), k S Represents the reaction rate constant. p It is 8.0. q It is 0.

[0042] The calculated reaction rate constant k SSubstituting the reaction kinetics model into the following equation (5), the predicted sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be tested is calculated: (5) In equation (5), C S This represents the sulfur content (by weight) of the hydrogenated oil being tested. C S0 This represents the sulfur content (by weight %) of the heavy oil feedstock. t The residence time (h) of the heavy oil feedstock after passing through the hydrogenation catalyst. n It is 1.6.

[0043] The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be tested was measured, and the measured values ​​and predicted values ​​are listed in Table 2. The deviation between the measured values ​​and the predicted values ​​was calculated using the following formula.

[0044]

[0045] Example 2 The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained by hydrogenating heavy oil feedstock B according to the method in Example 1 was predicted. The heavy oil feedstock B was atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature of 376.6℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1. The measured and predicted values ​​of the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil are listed in Table 2.

[0046] Example 3 The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained by hydrogenating heavy oil feedstock C was predicted according to the method in Example 1. The heavy oil feedstock C was atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature of 381.9℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1. The measured and predicted values ​​of the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil are listed in Table 2.

[0047] Example 4 The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained by hydrogenating heavy oil feedstock D was predicted according to the method in Example 1. The heavy oil feedstock D was atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature of 386.1℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1. The measured and predicted values ​​of the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil are listed in Table 2.

[0048] Example 5 The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained by hydrogenating heavy oil feedstock E was predicted according to the method in Example 1. The heavy oil feedstock E is atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature is 355.8℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1. The measured and predicted values ​​of the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil are listed in Table 2.

[0049] Example 6 The sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil obtained by hydrogenating heavy oil feedstock F according to the method in Example 1 was predicted. The heavy oil feedstock F was atmospheric residue oil (5% by weight, distillation temperature of 369.2℃), and its properties are shown in Table 1. The measured and predicted values ​​of the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil are listed in Table 2.

[0050] Table 1

[0051] Table 2

[0052] As can be seen from Table 2, the method disclosed herein has high accuracy in predicting the sulfur content of hydrogenated oil.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0054] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0055] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the sulfur content of oil produced from the hydrogenation of heavy oil, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain heavy oil feedstock and hydrogenated oil to be tested, wherein the hydrogenated oil to be tested is obtained by hydrogenating the heavy oil feedstock; The characteristic property parameters of the heavy oil feedstock are obtained, wherein the characteristic property parameters include at least one of sulfur content, nitrogen content, metal component content, aromatic content, carbon residue value and viscosity; The characteristic properties of the heavy oil feedstock are substituted into the characteristic factor power law model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the characteristic factor of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the characteristic factor power law model is the characteristic property parameter, and the dependent variable is the characteristic factor; The characteristic factor is substituted into the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the reaction rate constant of the hydrogenation reaction; wherein, the independent variable of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant linear regression model is the characteristic factor, and the dependent variable is the reaction rate constant; Substitute the reaction rate constant into the reaction kinetic model of the hydrogenation reaction to calculate the predicted sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil to be tested.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The characteristic properties include sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, vanadium content, aromatic content, carbon residue value, and viscosity. The power law model of the characteristic factor is as follows (1): （1） In equation (1), X S Representative characteristic factor, S This represents sulfur content, expressed in % by weight. a The fitting index for sulfur content is... Q The viscosity factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (2). b The viscosity factor fitting index is... N This represents nitrogen content, expressed in % by weight. c The nitrogen content fitting index, R Represents residual carbon value and is expressed in weight percentage. d The residual carbon value fitting index, G This represents the aromatic content, expressed in % by weight. e The fitting index for aromatic component content is... U The metal component content factor is represented and calculated according to the following formula (3). f The fitting index for the metal component content factor; （2） In equation (2), μ This represents the viscosity at 100°C, and the unit is mm. 2 / s; （3） In equation (3), m v This represents vanadium content, expressed in ppm. m Ni This represents the nickel content, and the unit is ppm. The linear regression model of the characteristic factor-reaction rate constant is as follows (4): （4） In equation (4), k S Represents the reaction rate constant. p and q The fitting coefficients are denoted as .

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, In equation (1), a The range is from -0.60 to -0.

40. b The range is from -0.30 to -0.

20. c The range is from -0.020 to -0.

015. d The range is from -0.50 to -0.

30. e The range is from -0.30 to -0.

20. f The value is 0.10 to 0.30; and / or, In equation (4), p It is 5~10. q It ranges from 0 to 1.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The reaction kinetic model is as follows (5): （5） In equation (5), C S This represents the sulfur content of the hydrogenated oil being tested, expressed in % by weight. C S0 This represents the sulfur content of the heavy oil feedstock, expressed in % by weight. t The term represents the residence time of the heavy oil feedstock after passing through the hydrogenation catalyst, and is expressed in hours (h). n This represents the reaction order of the hydrogenation reaction.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, In equation (5), n It is 1.1~2.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heavy oil feedstock is crude oil with a K value of 10.5 to 14; and / or, the heavy oil feedstock has an aromatic content of 12 to 55% by weight and a density of 810 to 1080 kg / m³. 3 .

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The hydrogenation reaction is carried out in a fixed-bed reactor, which is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The hydrogenation catalyst comprises an active metal component and a support; The active metal component includes at least one of nickel-tungsten, nickel-tungsten-cobalt, nickel-molybdenum, and cobalt-molybdenum; the support includes at least one of alumina, silicon dioxide, and amorphous aluminum silicate.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The hydrogenation catalyst comprises, in sequence, a hydrogenation protective agent, a hydrogenation demetallizing agent, and a hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent; The volume ratio of the hydrogenation protective agent, the hydrogenation demetallizing agent and the hydrogenation desulfurization and decarbonization agent is 1:(5~14):(5~14).

10. The method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein, The conditions for the hydrogenation reaction include: a temperature of 320–450 °C, a pressure of 10–22 MPa, and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.05–1.0 h⁻¹. -1 The hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio is 250~1500 Nm 3 / m 3 .

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