A stratosphere-troposphere integrated regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model and a prediction method

Abstract

The application discloses a stratosphere-troposphere integrated regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model and a prediction method, and covers the following aspects: multi-source coupling simulation of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, calculation of stratospheric diffusion, vertical transport and photochemical reaction, and cross-border transmission mechanism of the troposphere and the stratosphere. The application overcomes the defects of the existing regional climate-chemical model in the simulation of nitrous oxide, is an integrated modeling scheme with the process capability of the whole process, the whole height and the whole source and sink process, and can be applied to the fields of regional carbon and nitrogen gas emission evaluation, greenhouse gas policy control simulation, pollutant transport track tracking, environmental change response simulation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of meteorological environment and pollutant prediction technology, specifically involving a three-source coupled prediction model and method for regional nitrous oxide across the troposphere and stratosphere. Background Technology

[0002] The RegCM-Chem-YIBs model is a regional climate-chemical coupled model capable of simultaneously simulating meteorological and chemical fields. It employs a unified spatiotemporal grid and parameterization scheme to calculate the interaction between meteorological and chemical processes in real time, making it suitable for simulating greenhouse gas concentrations at regional scales. While this model has achieved considerable success in simulating greenhouse gas fluxes and capturing the impact of meteorological changes on chemical distribution, it suffers from the following key limitations in simulating nitrous oxide (N2O): (1) The lack of an independent species processing mechanism makes it impossible to track the complete migration, transformation and loss path of N2O in the atmosphere, resulting in significant errors in vertical profile, temporal response and source-sink evolution; (2) The source mechanism is imperfect and does not integrate the dynamic changes of terrestrial ecological sources, anthropogenic emission sources and marine sources; (3) The key stratospheric reactions are missing. The chemical consumption of N2O in the stratosphere (such as its reaction with O(¹D)) is not included, which leads to a large deviation in the upper layer simulation. (4) The top of the layer is set too low. Traditional simulations generally stop at 100 hPa, which is difficult to cover the key layer in the middle of the stratosphere and affects the simulation of upper-level transport and sinking processes. (5) It cannot reflect the integrated concentration evolution path of the surface-atmosphere-stratospheric region, which affects the credibility of N2O source-sink assessment and policy support modeling; (6) Radiation feedback is oversimplified, often treating N2O as a gas of uniform concentration, failing to consider the differences in local radiation forcing caused by its heterogeneous spatial distribution, thus limiting the quantitative expression of the climate effect of N2O. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: To overcome the shortcomings of existing regional climate-chemistry models in nitrous oxide simulation, this invention provides a three-source coupled prediction model and method for regional nitrous oxide across the troposphere and stratosphere. This invention is an integrated modeling scheme with full-process, full-altitude, and full-source-sink process capabilities.

[0004] Summary of the Invention: To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a cross-tropospheric-stratospheric integrated regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model, which is based on the RegCM-Chem-YIBs model framework, and expands the modules on the basis of the structure of the RegCM-Chem-YIBs model framework in the following ways: 1) N2O species integration: N2O is treated as an independent gaseous species and participates in the following processes: advection diffusion and convective transport processes, wet deposition and dry deposition processes, soil nitrification and denitrification processes, and stratospheric chemical loss processes. 2) Vertical structure extension of the model: Extend the vertical top of the layer from 100 hPa to 1 hPa to cover the stratospheric reaction zone; 3) Source-sink mechanism integration: Consider the source-sink processes of N2O from four aspects: anthropogenic emission sources, natural soil sources, natural marine sources, and stratospheric atmospheric chemical sinks; 4) Based on the CCM3 radiation module under the RegCM-Chem-YIBs model framework, the radiation module is enhanced and extended. The enhancement and extension of the radiation module includes transferring the three-dimensional N2O concentration calculated by the chemical module to the radiation module, and calculating the absorption effect of N2O on long-wave radiation step by step according to the grid point, so as to complete the feedback of regional-scale N2O concentration changes on radiation flux.

[0005] Furthermore, the source-sink mechanism specifically includes: (1) Anthropogenic emission sources: input from the EDGAR database, including anthropogenic sources from agriculture, fuel extraction, industrial combustion, waste treatment and the power industry; (2) Natural soil sources: A flux calculation module was constructed based on the nitrification and denitrification processes in CLM4.5, taking into account factors such as air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and crop type. The equation for the nitrification process is shown below. , In the formula, It is the nitrous oxide nitrification flux. It is the concentration of ammonium nitrogen. It is the maximum nitration rate constant. These are the response functions for temperature, moisture, and pH, respectively. It is during the nitrification process The proportion of production; The equation for the denitrification process is shown below. , In the formula, It is the nitrous oxide denitrification flux. It is the rate of organic matter decomposition. It is the nitrate concentration limitation function. It is the proportion of anaerobic microorganisms in the soil. It is during the denitrification process The proportion of production; (3) Marine natural sources: The amount of nitrous oxide generated per unit oxygen consumption was calculated based on the Nevison parametric method. Considering factors such as marine dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity, and ocean mixed layer depth, the amount of nitrous oxide generated in the water mass was calculated using the following formula. , , In the formula, It is the amount of nitrous oxide produced in the water mass. It is the stoichiometric ratio that marine planktonic organisms follow during growth and decomposition. and These are the saturated oxygen content and the actual oxygen content of the water mass, respectively. It is apparent oxygen consumption, Z and These are the depth of the water mass and the depth decay scale, respectively. and All are empirical constants. The value range is 0.26±0.06. The value range is 0.0004 ± 0.0001; (4) Stratospheric chemical sinks: To simulate the main chemical loss processes of N2O in the stratosphere, the following two chemical reaction pathways are constructed as mechanism modules. N2O reacts with first excited-state monatomic oxygen O(¹D) to produce nitric oxide NO. The chemical reaction formula is N2O + O(¹D) → 2NO. N2O undergoes photolysis under ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength less than 195 nm to produce molecular nitrogen N2 and excited oxygen atoms O*. The chemical reaction formula is N2O + hv → N2 + O*.

[0006] Furthermore, the radiation module enhancement extension is an extension of the CCM3 radiation module within the RegCM-Chem-YIBs mode framework, and the extension includes: 4.1) The input to the radiation module has been changed from the regional average concentration to a three-dimensional heterogeneous N2O distribution field, supporting the use of real simulation results as input; 4.2) Consider the spatial gradient changes of N2O concentration along longitude, latitude, and altitude, and feed them back into the calculation of longwave radiation flux; 4.3) Improve the accuracy of estimating radiative forcing caused by increased N2O content in the upper atmosphere, especially in the lower tropical stratosphere and the subtropical tropopause.

[0007] Furthermore, the following parameterization schemes are adopted in the RegCM-Chem-YIBs mode: CBM-Z gas phase chemistry mechanism, Holtslag boundary layer parameter scheme, Zeng ocean flux scheme, Grell convection scheme, CLM4.5 land surface process module and CCM3 radiation module.

[0008] This invention also provides a method for predicting regional nitrous oxide based on the above model, comprising the following steps: S1, Data Acquisition and Processing: S1.1, Obtain EAR5 reanalysis data, including temperature, wind field, specific humidity, and surface pressure variable data; S1.2, Obtain the EDGARv6 greenhouse gas emission inventory, extract N2O anthropogenic emission data, and convert it to a RegCM-supported format; S1.3, acquire MODIS surface classification data, SRTM elevation data, and SoilGrid soil type data for biomass processing and terrain handling; S1.4, reanalyze the EAR5 data to make it an initial and boundary field that can be identified by RegCM-Chem-YIBs; S2, Model Region and Spatial Structure Setting: Lambert projection was adopted, the resolution of the study area was set to 36km, the vertical layer was set to 18 layers, and sigma-pressure mixed coordinates were used. The vertical layer top was set to 1hPa to cover the stratospheric reaction zone. S3 employs the CBM-Z gas phase chemistry mechanism, the Holtslag boundary layer parameter scheme, the Zeng ocean flux scheme, the Grell convection scheme, the CLM4.5 land surface process module, and the CCM3 radiation module. S4, Run file preparation: S4.1 generates the SST file, terrain elevation file, and land cover type mapping file required for the simulation; S4.2 generates chemical emission files including anthropogenic emissions and soil source inputs, as well as boundary concentration files; S4.3 generates a surface parameter file for the CLM ecological module, including soil, vegetation, and landform. S5 adds N2O mechanism module settings: S5.1, in the chemistry module, define the species attributes of N2O and set the flag bits for its participation in transport, sedimentation and reaction processes; S5.2, add a mechanism module to the gas-phase reaction module to construct the following two chemical reaction pathways to simulate the main chemical loss process of nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the stratosphere. N2O reacts with first excited-state monatomic oxygen O(¹D) to produce nitric oxide NO. The chemical reaction formula is N2O + O(¹D) → 2NO. N2O undergoes photolysis under ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength less than 195nm to produce molecular nitrogen N2 and excited oxygen atoms O*. The chemical reaction formula is N2O + hv → N2 + O*. S5.3 integrates the N2O flux formula based on soil temperature and humidity conditions into the CLM module for dynamic calculation of ecological source terms; S5.4 The amount of nitrous oxide generated per unit oxygen consumption is calculated based on the Nevison parametric method. Considering factors such as ocean dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity, and ocean mixed layer depth, the amount of nitrous oxide generated in the water mass is calculated using the following formula. , , In the formula, It is the amount of nitrous oxide produced in the water mass. It is the stoichiometric ratio that marine planktonic organisms follow during growth and decomposition. and These are the saturated oxygen content and the actual oxygen content of the water mass, respectively. It is apparent oxygen consumption, Z and These are the depth of the water mass and the depth decay scale, respectively. and All are empirical constants. The value range is 0.26±0.06. The value range is 0.0004 ± 0.0001; S5.5 introduces and calls the spatial distribution data of nitrous oxide (N2O) obtained in real time from the atmospheric chemistry module into the CCM3 radiation module, as an input variable for radiative transfer calculation, to estimate the long-wave radiation effect caused by the non-uniformity of N2O concentration; S6, execute mode, record output variables, including N2O concentration at each height from the surface to the stratosphere, soil N2O emission flux, atmospheric chemical reaction rate field, and net flux change within the simulation domain.

[0009] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. For the first time, a unified modeling of N2O across the entire troposphere-stratospheric process was achieved; 2. It fully considers the coupling process of anthropogenic sources, soil ecological sources, and upper-level chemical sinks; 3. Significantly improved the simulation accuracy of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of N2O concentration in the atmosphere; 4. Vertical structure expansion provides technical support for upper-level transport and reaction mechanisms, enabling more refined greenhouse gas source and sink analysis and trend prediction; 5. The method is highly versatile and can be extended to other gases or larger regions; 6. Further, a radiation feedback mechanism based on the heterogeneous nitrous oxide concentration field is introduced to significantly improve the accuracy of regional radiation forcing estimation, especially in key climate-sensitive areas (such as the tropopause and tropical stratosphere). Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model across the troposphere and stratosphere as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading this invention, any modifications of the invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0012] like Figure 1 As shown, the construction and parameter settings of the integrated tropospheric-stratospheric regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model of the present invention are as follows: 1. Model Architecture Design

[0013] The method of this invention is based on the RegCM-Chem-YIBs pattern framework and is extended to it at the module level in the following ways: 1.1 N2O Species Integration N2O is treated as an independent gaseous species and participates in the following processes: advection diffusion and convective transport, wet and dry deposition, soil nitrification and denitrification, and stratospheric chemical depletion.

[0014] 1.2 Vertical Structure Expansion of the Pattern The vertical top extends from 100 hPa to 1 hPa, explicitly covering the key reaction zone of the stratosphere.

[0015] 1.3 Integration of Source and Sink Mechanisms (1) Anthropogenic emission sources: Input from the EDGAR high-resolution database, including anthropogenic sources such as agriculture, fuel extraction, industrial combustion, waste treatment and the power industry; (2) Soil natural sources: Based on the nitrification and denitrification processes in CLM4.5, a flux calculation module was constructed, taking into account factors such as air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and crop type; Nitrification process: , in It is the nitrous oxide nitrification flux. It is the concentration of ammonium nitrogen. It is the maximum nitration rate constant. These are the response functions for temperature, moisture, and pH, respectively. It is during the nitrification process The production ratio.

[0016] Denitrification process: , in It is the nitrous oxide denitrification flux. It is the rate of organic matter decomposition. It is the nitrate concentration limitation function. It is the proportion of anaerobic microorganisms in the soil. It is during the denitrification process The production ratio.

[0017] (3) Marine natural sources: The amount of nitrous oxide generated per unit oxygen consumption is calculated based on the Nevison parameterization method, taking into account factors such as marine dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity and ocean mixed layer depth.

[0018] in It is the amount of nitrous oxide produced in the water mass. It is the stoichiometric ratio that marine planktonic organisms follow during growth and decomposition. and These are the saturated oxygen content and the actual oxygen content of the water mass, respectively. It is apparent oxygen consumption, Z and It refers to the depth of the water mass and the depth decay scale. and This is an empirical constant.

[0019] (4) Stratospheric chemical sink: Introduce the reaction pathway O(¹D) + N2O → 2NO, while also considering the photolysis process of N2O.

[0020] 1.4 Radiation Module Enhancement and Heterogeneous Feedback Mechanism

[0021] To enhance the model's ability to resolve the forcing effect of nitrous oxide radiation, this invention upgrades the original CCM3 radiation module: (1) The module input has been changed from “regional average” concentration to a three-dimensional heterogeneous N2O distribution field, and supports the use of real simulation results as input; (2) Consider the spatial gradient changes of N2O concentration by longitude, latitude and altitude, and feed them back to the calculation of longwave radiation flux; (3) Improve the accuracy of radiative forcing estimation caused by increased N2O content in the upper atmosphere, especially in the lower tropical stratosphere and the subtropical tropopause region; (4) Supports modeling the impact of dynamic emissions coupled with CLM ecological module feedback on atmospheric energy balance.

[0022] 2. Selection of Model Parametric Scheme

[0023] The following methods were used: CBM-Z gas phase chemistry mechanism, Holtslag boundary layer parameter scheme, Zeng ocean flux scheme, Grell convection scheme, CLM4.5 land surface process module and CCM3 radiation module.

[0024] 3. Data Input and Simulation Process (1) Prepare ERA5 reanalysis meteorological data, EDGAR emission data, MODIS land classification data, and marine parameter data required by the marine nitrous oxide module; (2) Generate the initial and boundary fields of the model, including atmospheric field, chemical species, and soil condition files; (3) Set the simulation area (Asia), with a horizontal resolution of 36km, 18 vertical layers, a model layer top of 1hPa, and a simulation period of the whole year of 2020; (4) Call the newly added module and run the model to output simulation results including N2O concentration distribution, vertical profile, source-sink flux diagram, etc.

[0025] Example

[0026] The following uses the Asian region as an example to demonstrate one embodiment of the present invention. The simulation period is from January 1 to February 1, 2020. The simulation content is the regional nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration distribution, flux changes and their radiation feedback effects, specifically including the following steps: S1: Input Data Preparation and Preprocessing S1.1 Obtain ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data, including variables such as temperature, wind field, specific humidity, and surface pressure; S1.2 Obtain the EDGAR v6 greenhouse gas emission inventory (resolution 0.1° × 0.1°), extract N2O emission data (anthropogenic source) and convert it to a RegCM-supported format; S1.3 Acquire MODIS surface classification data, SRTM elevation data, and SoilGrid soil type data for ecological processes and terrain processing; S1.4 Use the ICBC tool to process ERA5 data into RegCM-Chem-YIBs recognizable initial and boundary fields, including meteorological fields (.nc format), SST fields, chemical boundary files, etc.

[0027] S2: Mode Area and Spatial Structure Setting

[0028] Lambert projection was used, with a horizontal resolution of 36 km and 18 vertical layers in the simulation area. A sigma-pressure hybrid coordinate system was adopted, with the top of each layer set to 1 hPa. The model top layer was also set to 1 hPa to support the simulation of tropospheric-stratospheric transport and chemical reactions.

[0029] S3: Selection of Physical and Chemical Parameter Schemes

[0030] Different parameterization schemes that have a significant impact on nitrous oxide concentration simulation are selected and combined. This embodiment employs the CBM-Z gas phase chemistry scheme (extended to incorporate N2O stratospheric reaction pathways), the Holtslag PBL boundary layer scheme, Grell's cumulus convection scheme, SUBEX's subgrid explicit water vapor scheme, Zeng et al.'s ocean flux scheme, CLM4.5's land surface processes module, and CCM3's radiative transfer scheme to enhance support for three-dimensional N2O field input.

[0031] S4: Preparation of Mode Run File S4.1 generates the SST files (monthly or weekly averages), terrain elevation files, land cover type mapping files, etc. required for the simulation. S4.2 Generate chemical emission files (including anthropogenic emissions and soil source inputs), as well as boundary concentration files; S4.3 generates the surface parameter file (including soil, vegetation, landform, etc.) for the CLM ecological module to ensure it matches the climate module; S5: Added N2O mechanism module settings S5.1 In the chemistry module, explicitly define the species attributes of N2O and set flags for its participation in transport, sedimentation, and reaction processes; S5.2 Add the following path to the gas-phase reaction module: N₂O + O(¹D) → 2NO N2O + hv (λ < 195 nm) → N2 + O(*) S5.3 Integrates the N2O flux formula based on soil temperature and humidity conditions into the CLM module for dynamic calculation of ecological source terms.

[0032] S5.4 Add a formula to the ocean module for calculating nitrous oxide production per unit of oxygen consumption based on the Nevison parameterization method, taking into account factors such as ocean dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity, and ocean mixed layer depth.

[0033] S5.5 The concentration of nitrous oxide is calculated in real time in the radiation module input mode, and the radiation effect of heterogeneous nitrous oxide is calculated.

[0034] S6: Full Operation Mode S6.1 Set the simulation time step to 120 seconds, the chemical time step to 300 seconds, and the output interval to 1 hour; In S6.2 execution mode, the main output variables recorded include: N2O concentration (ppb) at various altitudes from the surface to the stratosphere. Soil N2O emission flux (mgN / m² / day); Atmospheric chemical reaction rate field (s⁻¹); Simulate the net flux change within the domain (source minus sink). After S6.3 finishes running, it exports data in netCDF format, which is convenient for drawing cross-sectional views, bar charts, ground distribution maps, etc.

[0035] The regional climate-chemical-ecological integrated simulation system constructed in this invention obtained the surface emission flux distribution and multi-level concentration distribution of nitrous oxide (N2O) covering the Asian region. The simulation results show that: 1. The N2O surface emission flux map exhibits significant regional differences. High emission areas are mainly concentrated in East China, the Ganges Plain of India, and some densely agricultural areas in Southeast Asia, with flux levels significantly higher than background natural soil emissions. This flux result reflects the coupling effect of soil nitrogen cycling processes on climate and nitrogen input responses within the ecological module; 2. The spatial distribution map of N2O concentration shows that the concentration is relatively concentrated in the lower troposphere, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions where it is significantly affected by emission sources. In the upper atmosphere, especially near the lower tropical stratosphere (TTL), the N2O concentration exhibits a vertical gradient characteristic, indicating that the simulation system of this invention can effectively capture the vertical transport and chemical depletion processes of N2O in the atmosphere. 3. The N2O concentration field obtained from the simulation has been used simultaneously for long-wave absorption calculations in the radiation module, realizing the linkage feedback between surface emissions, atmospheric transport, and radiative forcing, and providing a refined spatial input for the assessment of the regional radiation effects of greenhouse gases; 4. Compared with the control simulation results using static emissions or fixed concentration settings, this embodiment shows a higher concentration response intensity in high emission areas and a significant positive longwave radiation forcing response over the tropics, verifying the ability of the proposed mechanism to reflect spatial heterogeneity effects.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-source coupled prediction model for regional nitrous oxide across the troposphere and stratosphere, based on the RegCM-Chem-YIBs model framework, characterized in that... Based on the structure of the RegCM-Chem-YIBs pattern framework, the modules are expanded in the following ways: 1) N2O species integration: N2O is treated as an independent gaseous species and participates in the following processes: advection diffusion and convective transport processes, wet deposition and dry deposition processes, soil nitrification and denitrification processes, and stratospheric chemical loss processes. 2) Vertical structure extension of the model: Extend the vertical top of the layer from 100 hPa to 1 hPa to cover the stratospheric reaction zone; 3) Source-sink mechanism integration: Consider the source-sink processes of N2O from four aspects: anthropogenic emission sources, natural soil sources, natural marine sources, and stratospheric atmospheric chemical sinks; 4) Based on the CCM3 radiation module under the RegCM-Chem-YIBs model framework, the radiation module is enhanced and extended. The enhancement and extension of the radiation module includes transferring the three-dimensional N2O concentration calculated by the chemical module to the radiation module, and calculating the absorption effect of N2O on long-wave radiation step by step according to the grid point, so as to complete the feedback of regional-scale N2O concentration changes on radiation flux.

2. The integrated tropospheric-stratospheric regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The source-sink mechanism specifically includes: (1) Anthropogenic emission sources: input from the EDGAR database, including anthropogenic sources from agriculture, fuel extraction, industrial combustion, waste treatment and the power industry; (2) Natural soil sources: A flux calculation module was constructed based on the nitrification and denitrification processes in CLM4.5, taking into account factors such as air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and crop type. The equation for the nitrification process is shown below. , In the formula, It is the nitrous oxide nitrification flux. It is the concentration of ammonium nitrogen. It is the maximum nitration rate constant. These are the response functions for temperature, moisture, and pH, respectively. It is during the nitrification process The proportion of production; The equation for the denitrification process is shown below. ， In the formula, It is the nitrous oxide denitrification flux. It is the rate of organic matter decomposition. It is the nitrate concentration limitation function. It is the proportion of anaerobic microorganisms in the soil. It is during the denitrification process The proportion of production; (3) Marine natural sources: The amount of nitrous oxide generated per unit oxygen consumption was calculated based on the Nevison parametric method. Considering factors such as marine dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity, and ocean mixed layer depth, the amount of nitrous oxide generated in the water mass was calculated using the following formula. , ， In the formula, It is the amount of nitrous oxide produced in the water mass. It is the stoichiometric ratio that marine plankton follow during growth and decomposition. and These are the saturated oxygen content and the actual oxygen content of the water mass, respectively. It is apparent oxygen consumption, Z and These are the depth of the water mass and the depth decay scale, respectively. and All are empirical constants. The value range is 0.26±0.

06. The value range is 0.0004 ± 0.0001; (4) Stratospheric chemical sinks: To simulate the main chemical loss processes of N2O in the stratosphere, two chemical reaction pathways are constructed as mechanism modules. N2O reacts with first excited-state monatomic oxygen O(¹D) to produce nitric oxide NO; N2O undergoes photolysis under ultraviolet radiation with wavelengths less than 195 nm, producing molecular nitrogen N2 and excited-state oxygen atoms O*.

3. The integrated transtropospheric-stratospheric regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation module enhancement extension is an extension of the CCM3 radiation module within the RegCM-Chem-YIBs mode framework, and the extension includes: 4.1) The input to the radiation module has been changed from the regional average concentration to a three-dimensional heterogeneous N2O distribution field, supporting the use of real simulation results as input; 4.2) Consider the spatial gradient changes of N2O concentration along longitude, latitude, and altitude, and feed them back into the calculation of longwave radiation flux; 4.3) Improve the accuracy of estimating radiative forcing caused by increased N2O content in the upper atmosphere, especially in the lower tropical stratosphere and the subtropical tropopause.

4. The integrated regional nitrous oxide three-source coupling prediction model across the troposphere and stratosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following parameterization schemes are adopted under the RegCM-Chem-YIBs mode: CBM-Z gas phase chemistry mechanism, Holtslag boundary layer parameter scheme, Zeng ocean flux scheme, Grell convection scheme, CLM4.5 land surface process module and CCM3 radiation module.

5. A method for predicting regional nitrous oxide based on any one of the models described in claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Data Acquisition and Processing: S1.1, Obtain EAR5 reanalysis data, including temperature, wind field, specific humidity, and surface pressure variable data; S1.2, Obtain the EDGARv6 greenhouse gas emission inventory, extract N2O anthropogenic emission data, and convert it to a RegCM-supported format; S1.3, acquire MODIS surface classification data, SRTM elevation data, and SoilGrid soil type data for biomass processing and terrain handling; S1.4, reanalyze the EAR5 data to make it an initial and boundary field that can be identified by RegCM-Chem-YIBs; S2, Model Region and Spatial Structure Setting: Lambert projection was adopted, the resolution of the study area was set to 36km, the vertical layer was set to 18 layers, and sigma-pressure mixed coordinates were used. The vertical layer top was set to 1hPa to cover the stratospheric reaction zone. S3 employs the CBM-Z gas phase chemistry mechanism, the Holtslag boundary layer parameter scheme, the Zeng ocean flux scheme, the Grell convection scheme, the CLM4.5 land surface process module, and the CCM3 radiation module. S4, Run file preparation: S4.1 generates the SST file, terrain elevation file, and land cover type mapping file required for the simulation; S4.2 generates chemical emission files including anthropogenic emissions and soil source inputs, as well as boundary concentration files; S4.3 generates a surface parameter file for the CLM ecological module, including soil, vegetation, and landform. S5 adds N2O mechanism module settings: S5.1, in the chemistry module, define the species attributes of N2O and set the flag bits for its participation in transport, sedimentation and reaction processes; S5.2, add a mechanism module to the gas-phase reaction module to construct the following two chemical reaction pathways to simulate the main chemical loss process of nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the stratosphere. N2O reacts with first excited-state monatomic oxygen O(¹D) to produce nitric oxide NO, and the chemical reaction formula is N2O + O(¹D) → 2NO; N2O undergoes photolysis under ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength less than 195nm to produce molecular nitrogen N2 and excited oxygen atoms O*. The chemical reaction formula is N2O + hv → N2 + O*. S5.3 integrates the N2O flux formula based on soil temperature and humidity conditions into the CLM module for dynamic calculation of ecological source terms; S5.4 The amount of nitrous oxide generated per unit oxygen consumption is calculated based on the Nevison parametric method. Considering factors such as ocean dissolved oxygen concentration, seawater temperature, salinity, and ocean mixed layer depth, the amount of nitrous oxide generated in the water mass is calculated using the following formula. , ， In the formula, It is the amount of nitrous oxide produced in the water mass. It is the stoichiometric ratio that marine plankton follow during growth and decomposition. and These are the saturated oxygen content and the actual oxygen content of the water mass, respectively. It is apparent oxygen consumption, Z and These are the depth of the water mass and the depth decay scale, respectively. and All are empirical constants. The value range is 0.26±0.

06. The value range is 0.0004 ± 0.0001; S5.5 introduces and calls the spatial distribution data of nitrous oxide (N2O) obtained in real time from the atmospheric chemistry module into the CCM3 radiation module, as an input variable for radiative transfer calculation, to estimate the long-wave radiation effect caused by the non-uniformity of N2O concentration; S6, execute mode, record output variables, including N2O concentration at each height from the surface to the stratosphere, soil N2O emission flux, atmospheric chemical reaction rate field, and net flux change within the simulation domain.

Images