Special cable for ship

Abstract

The application discloses a special cable for a ship and belongs to the technical field of cables. In order to solve the problem that the anti-bending flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cable for a ship is prone to hidden damage such as fine cracks and tiny slits during long-term use and the hidden damage is not easy to be found in time, the application comprises a supporting rib, the outer wall of the supporting rib is uniformly provided with a plurality of cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers, the inner wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer is fixedly connected with a wire shielding layer, the inner wall of the wire shielding layer is fixedly connected with a wire, the outer wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer is fixedly connected with a filling layer, the outer wall of the filling layer is fixedly connected with a first protection assembly, and the outer wall of the first protection assembly is fixedly connected with a second protection assembly for layered protection. When the cable sheath is slightly damaged in a hidden manner and contacts water vapor, the application can automatically trigger the foaming and solidification of polyurethane prepolymer, form a permanent raised visible mark, accurately locate an early damage point, and reduce the probability of missed detection and false detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a special cable for ships. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of the new energy industry and smart grids, marine operations and shipboard power systems have placed higher demands on the adaptability, weather resistance, reliability, and intelligent operation and maintenance of power transmission and distribution cables. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated power cables, with their excellent electrical insulation performance, heat resistance, stability, and mechanical adaptability, have become an important cable category in shipboard power transmission and distribution systems. As a special power cable, the resistant-to-bending flexible XLPE insulated cable for ships effectively solves the defects of traditional power cables, such as poor bending performance and susceptibility to damage under dynamic conditions. It can adapt to complex and special working conditions such as ship hull vibration and deformation, dynamic wiring in confined spaces, and reciprocating movement of shipboard equipment. It has multiple advantages such as stable power transmission and resistance to fatigue bending, and is an indispensable and important component of shipboard power transmission systems and new smart grid supporting systems.

[0003] Currently used marine-grade flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cables are prone to developing hidden damage such as micro-cracks and tiny slits in their outer sheath under long-term repeated bending, equipment friction, and environmental corrosion. These micro-damages are small in size, without obvious detachment or deformation, and are difficult to accurately identify with the naked eye during routine manual inspections. It is not easy to detect early damage to the cable in time. If these micro-damages are not investigated and repaired for a long time, external moisture and air will continue to penetrate the cable interlayer, gradually eroding the internal insulation structure and armor layer, accelerating insulation aging, reducing the cable's mechanical protection and insulation performance, and thus affecting the operational stability of smart grids and ship power transmission systems.

[0004] To address the above issues, a special cable for ships is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special cable for ships. By using this invention, the problem in the background mentioned above is that the flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cable for ships is prone to hidden damage such as micro-cracks and micro-slits after long-term use, and is not easy to detect in time.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A special cable for ships includes a support rib. The outer wall of the support rib is uniformly provided with a plurality of cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers. A conductor shielding layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the plurality of cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers. A conductor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each conductor shielding layer. A filler layer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the plurality of cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers. A first protective component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filler layer. A second protective component for layered protection is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first protective component. The second protective component contains a first detection component that automatically overflows and foams upon damage, forming a mark. The first detection component contains a second detection component for sensing the highest operating temperature of the cable and providing a color-coded warning.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer is made of irradiated cross-linked polyethylene material.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductor shielding layer is made of a semi-conductive polymer shielding material.

[0010] Furthermore, the filling layer is made of flexible flame-retardant polypropylene filler rope.

[0011] Furthermore, the conductors are provided in four parts, which, together with the conductor shielding layer and the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, form a four-core independent insulated power transmission structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the first protective component includes an isolation layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filling layer, and a woven armor layer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the isolation layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the second protective component includes an inner protective layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the woven armor layer, a connecting layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner protective layer, and an outer protective layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the first detection component includes a plurality of storage cavities uniformly formed throughout the connecting layer, and each of the plurality of storage cavities is provided with a polyurethane prepolymer.

[0015] Furthermore, the second detection component includes a polyurethane film embedded in a polyurethane prepolymer, the polyurethane film containing an indicator liquid.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] By combining the central support rib with the core structure of each layer, a flexible central skeleton of the cable can be constructed with highly elastic polypropylene ribs, which effectively improves the overall bending resilience and structural roundness of the cable, avoids collapse and deformation problems caused by long-term dynamic bending, and improves the structural stability of the cable for long-term use.

[0018] By combining the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer with the conductor shielding layer, the electric field on the conductor surface can be uniform, eliminating the risk of breakdown caused by local electric field concentration. The excellent heat resistance and aging resistance of the materials ensure the insulation reliability and electrical transmission stability of multi-core cables, making them suitable for long-term high-temperature operation of marine power transmission systems.

[0019] By combining the filling layer with the first protective component, the gaps between multi-core cables can be accurately filled and the overall structure of the cable can be standardized. At the same time, it can achieve internal flexible buffering, flame retardant and heat insulation. Combined with the outer protective structure, it can achieve water and air isolation and resistance to mechanical damage, forming a multi-layer three-dimensional protection system.

[0020] Through the combination of the internal isolation layer and the braided armor layer of the first protective component, the inner power transmission structure can be protected in all directions, effectively resisting external friction and impact, while retaining the cable's excellent flexibility and bending ability, making it suitable for the wiring scenarios of ship power transmission systems.

[0021] By combining the first detection component with the second protection component, when the cable sheath has minor hidden damage or comes into contact with moisture, the polyurethane prepolymer will be automatically triggered to foam and cure, forming a permanent raised visible mark, accurately locating the early damage point and reducing the probability of missed detection and false detection.

[0022] By combining the first and second detection components, the prepolymer gas generation pressure can be used to synchronously trigger the release and color development of the temperature-changing indicator liquid. The irreversible color development characteristic can be used to determine the highest historical temperature of the cable, and the degree of insulation aging can be graded and judged, thereby improving the efficiency of intelligent operation and maintenance of ship power transmission cables. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second protective component and the first detection component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the supporting rib, cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, conductor shielding layer and conductor of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Supporting rib; 2. Cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer; 3. Wire shielding layer; 4. Wire; 5. Filling layer; 6. First protective component; 61. Isolation layer; 62. Braided armor layer; 7. Second protective component; 71. Inner protective layer; 72. Outer protective layer; 73. Connecting layer; 8. First detection component; 81. Storage cavity; 82. Polyurethane prepolymer; 9. Second detection component; 91. Polyurethane film; 92. Indicator liquid. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, a special cable for ships includes a support rib 1, which is made of highly elastic polypropylene flexible rib material. It can serve as a flexible support skeleton in the center of the cable, improve the overall bending resilience and structural roundness of the cable, and avoid long-term bending, collapse and deformation.

[0032] The outer wall of the support rib 1 is uniformly provided with several cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers 2, the inner wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2 is fixedly connected with a wire shielding layer 3, the inner wall of the wire shielding layer 3 is fixedly connected with a wire 4, the outer wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2 is fixedly connected with a filling layer 5, and the outer wall of the filling layer 5 is fixedly connected with a first protective component 6.

[0033] The cooperation between the support rib 1, the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2 and the conductor shielding layer 3 can ensure the stability of electrical transmission and the reliability of insulation of the cable, while improving the overall structural regularity of the multi-core cable. The cooperation between the filling layer 5 and the first protective component 6 can achieve multiple protective effects, including internal structural buffer protection, external water and air barrier, and mechanical damage resistance. It effectively isolates internal and external water vapor and air penetration, protects the internal power transmission structure and the external detection components to work stably, and the overall structure has strong flexibility and adaptability. It can withstand long-term repeated bending and mechanical pulling, and has excellent fatigue damage resistance, thus forming a bending-resistant flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated cable.

[0034] The cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2 is made of irradiated cross-linked polyethylene material, which has excellent electrical insulation properties, heat resistance and aging resistance. It is not easily deformed or insulated during long-term high-temperature operation, thus ensuring the stability of power transmission for new energy and smart grids.

[0035] The conductor shielding layer 3 is made of semi-conductive polymer shielding material, which can uniformly distribute the electric field on the surface of the conductor 4, eliminate local electric field concentration, avoid local breakdown of the insulation layer, and improve the overall withstand voltage and insulation safety performance of the cable.

[0036] The filler layer 5 is made of flexible flame-retardant polypropylene filler rope, which can fill the gaps between multi-core cables, regularize the overall roundness of the cable, and at the same time have the protective effects of flexible buffer, flame retardant heat insulation, and resistance to bending and extrusion.

[0037] There are four conductors 4, which, together with the conductor shielding layer 3 and the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2, form a four-core independent insulated power transmission structure, which can meet the multi-circuit power transmission needs of new energy equipment and smart grid supporting facilities, and has stable power transmission and strong anti-interference ability.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the first protective component 6 includes an isolation layer 61 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filling layer 5. The isolation layer 61 is made of sheet-like filler modified polyether thermoplastic polyurethane, which can achieve water and gas barrier protection on the inner side. A braided armor layer 62 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the isolation layer 61. The braided armor layer 62 is precisely woven from ultra-fine copper-plated steel wire, which can improve the overall tensile strength, abrasion resistance and mechanical impact resistance of the cable, while retaining excellent flexible bending ability to adapt to dynamic reciprocating working conditions.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the cooperation between the support rib 1, the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 2 and the conductor shielding layer 3 can ensure reliable insulation, stable power transmission and regular structure of the multi-core cable. The cooperation between the isolation layer 61 and the braided armor layer 62 can provide all-round protection for the inner insulation and conductor structure, which is suitable for the wiring scenario of ship power transmission system, and thus forms a flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated cable for ship use that is resistant to bending.

[0040] To address the technical problem that marine-grade flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cables are prone to developing hidden damage such as microcracks and tiny slits during long-term use, and which are difficult to detect in a timely manner, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0041] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a second protective component 7 for layered protection is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first protective component 6. The second protective component 7 is provided with a first detection component 8 that automatically overflows and foams after being damaged, forming a mark.

[0042] When the second protective component 7 is worn, scratched or fatigued and cracked, forming a small slit, causing the storage structure of the first detection component 8 to be exposed to the outside air and moisture, the first detection component 8 at the corresponding position slowly seeps out through the slit. At this time, due to the moisture triggering a chemical reaction, the first detection component 8 expands when it encounters moisture, gradually cross-links and solidifies to perform physical marking of the damaged point.

[0043] The above technical solution can automatically trigger warning signs when early minor hidden damage occurs in the cable. Compared with the existing technology that relies solely on manual visual inspection and is not easy to identify micro-cracks and damage, it can greatly improve the early fault identification capability of cables and reduce the probability of missing hidden damage.

[0044] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the second protective component 7 includes an inner sheath 71 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the braided armor layer 62. The inner sheath 71 is made of flexible weather-resistant TPE material, which can support the inner braided armor layer 62, buffer mechanical stress, and improve the overall structural fit. A connecting layer 73 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sheath 71. The connecting layer 73 is made of flexible buffer polymer material, which has the effects of bending buffer and stress dispersion, and avoids false triggering of the detection structure under pressure. An outer sheath 72 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting layer 73. The outer sheath 72 is made of highly wear-resistant and bend-resistant PVC modified sheath material, which can serve as the outermost protection of the cable, resist external friction, scratches, and environmental aging, delay sheath damage, and extend the service life of the cable.

[0045] The first detection component 8 includes several storage cavities 81 uniformly opened through the connection layer 73. Each of the several storage cavities 81 is provided with a polyurethane prepolymer 82. The polyurethane prepolymer 82 is a high-viscosity moisture-curing polyurethane prepolymer 82. It is a viscous liquid at room temperature and is stable and does not react in a closed and moisture-proof state for a long time. It only undergoes a chemical reaction to produce gas and expand in volume when it is damaged and comes into contact with external moisture, and then adheres to the outer wall of the cable to form a permanent raised warning mark.

[0046] When the outer protective layer 72 is damaged by friction micro-cracks or small slits, causing the storage cavity 81 to be connected to the outside air and moisture, the polyurethane prepolymer 82 in the corresponding storage cavity 81 will seep out through the damaged slits. At this time, due to the moisture triggering the moisture curing reaction, the polyurethane prepolymer 82 will continue to produce gas, expand, and gradually cross-link and solidify to perform permanent physical marking of the damaged points.

[0047] The above technical solution can automatically identify early hidden damage to cables and form visual raised marks. Compared with the passive protection method of relying solely on manual inspection in the existing technology, which is not easy to identify micro-damage, it can improve the cable fault prediction capability, avoid the risks of insulation aging, leakage and short circuit in advance, and improve the operational stability of the ship's power transmission system.

[0048] To address the technical problem that the temperature status of flexible cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cables is not easily displayed after damage, the following preferred technical solution is provided:

[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first detection component 8 is equipped with a second detection component 9 for sensing the highest operating temperature of the cable and realizing a color warning.

[0050] Meanwhile, during the process of the first detection component 8 reacting chemically with water vapor and expanding in volume, the internal pressure of the storage structure of the first detection component 8 increases due to the pressure of the gas and fluid compression. This causes the storage structure of the second detection component 9 to be squeezed and ruptured simultaneously. At this time, the second detection component 9 seeps out along with the first detection component 8 and mixes evenly. The temperature of the conductor 4 at the damaged location is transferred to the second detection component 9, causing the second detection component 9 to be heated and develop gradient color, freeze at the highest historical temperature, and permanently and irreversibly fade. This allows users to determine the historical overheating temperature level and insulation aging damage range of the cable damage point based on the color depth range of the second detection component 9 during subsequent inspections.

[0051] The above technical solutions can simultaneously locate damage and trace overheating risks, retain the highest operating temperature record after cable damage, enable fault classification and judgment, adapt to manual inspection conditions during power outages, and improve the intelligent operation and maintenance level of ship power transmission systems.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the second detection component 9 includes a polyurethane film 91 embedded within a polyurethane prepolymer 82. The polyurethane film 91 stores an indicator liquid 92. The polyurethane film 91 is made of a low-crosslinking, ultra-thin, soft polyurethane film material, capable of completely encapsulating the indicator liquid 92 under normal conditions, possessing excellent isolation and barrier properties. It also has a pressure burst range; normal bending and squeezing pressure on the cable cannot damage it, but it can only be ruptured by the gas pressure generated by the polyurethane prepolymer 82. This prevents premature leakage of the indicator liquid 92 under normal operating conditions. The indicator liquid 92 is a blend of high-boiling-point alkane solvents and oils. The oil-based indicator liquid 92, made of soluble irreversible thermochromic dye, can irreversibly change color with the cable temperature gradient. The higher the temperature, the darker the color. The color is permanently retained after power failure and cooling. At the same time, it is physically compatible with polyurethane prepolymer 82 and does not react chemically. It has stable performance during long-term storage and avoids failure caused by mutual interference between components. When the outer sheath 72 is damaged and the polyurethane prepolymer 82 generates gas and pressurizes the polyurethane film 91 to rupture, the polyurethane prepolymer 82 forms an expanding fluid pressure field, which allows the indicator liquid 92 to seep out and mix synchronously, and complete the irreversible color warning with the cable temperature.

[0053] The polyurethane prepolymer 82 is subsequently cross-linked and cured to form a porous elastic foam, which can stably encapsulate the indicator liquid 92 mixed inside, forming a heat-conducting channel connected to the cable. This allows the indicator liquid 92 to sense changes in cable temperature in real time, achieving gradient color development and breaking the historical high temperature record when the temperature rises. After cooling, the color is permanently fixed. At the same time, the cured foam firmly adheres to the outer wall of the cable damage, forming a long-term visible permanent damage location mark.

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, during the process of polyurethane prepolymer 82 undergoing a chemical reaction with water vapor and continuously expanding by producing gas, the sealed air pressure and fluid extrusion pressure in the storage chamber 81 increase, causing the polyurethane film 91 to be simultaneously squeezed and burst. At this time, the indicator liquid 92 stored in the polyurethane film 91 seeps out along with the polyurethane prepolymer 82 and is fully mixed and blended. At this time, the temperature of the conductor 4 at the damaged location will be transferred to the indicator liquid 92, causing the indicator liquid 92 to change color with the temperature gradient, lock the highest temperature record, and permanently and irreversibly fade and restore. This allows users to determine the severity of overheating, insulation aging risk, and maintenance priority range of the cable damage location based on the color depth range of the indicator liquid 92 during subsequent inspections.

[0055] The above technical solutions can simultaneously achieve damage location, overheat level tracing, and visual identification of power outage inspections. They can adapt to the mainstream working conditions of power outage maintenance in ship power transmission systems, assess cable damage levels, and guide differentiated operation and maintenance.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special cable for ships, comprising support ribs (1), characterized in that: The outer wall of the supporting rib (1) is uniformly provided with several cross-linked polyethylene insulation layers (2), and the inner wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (2) is fixedly connected with a conductor shielding layer (3). The inner wall of the conductor shielding layer (3) is fixedly connected with a conductor (4). The outer wall of each cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (2) is fixedly connected with a filling layer (5). The outer wall of the filling layer (5) is fixedly connected with a first protective component (6). The outer wall of the first protective component (6) is fixedly connected with a second protective component (7) for layered protection. The second protective component (7) is provided with a first detection component (8) that automatically overflows and foams after being damaged, forming a mark. The first detection component (8) is provided with a second detection component (9) for sensing the highest operating temperature of the cable and realizing a color warning.

2. The special cable for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (2) is made of irradiated cross-linked polyethylene material.

3. A special cable for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor shielding layer (3) is made of a semi-conductive polymer shielding material.

4. A special cable for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer (5) is made of flexible flame-retardant polypropylene filling rope.

5. A special cable for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (4) is provided in four parts, which together with the conductor shielding layer (3) and the cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (2) form a four-core independent insulated power transmission structure.

6. A special cable for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective component (6) includes an isolation layer (61) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filling layer (5), and a woven armor layer (62) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the isolation layer (61).

7. A special cable for ships according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second protective component (7) includes an inner protective layer (71) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the woven armor layer (62), a connecting layer (73) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner protective layer (71), and an outer protective layer (72) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting layer (73).

8. A special cable for ships according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first detection component (8) includes a plurality of storage cavities (81) uniformly opened through the connecting layer (73), and each of the plurality of storage cavities (81) is provided with a polyurethane prepolymer (82).

9. A special cable for ships according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second detection component (9) includes a polyurethane film (91) embedded in a polyurethane prepolymer (82), and an indicator liquid (92) is stored in the polyurethane film (91).

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