A high tensile self-supporting multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated aerial cable

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high tensile self-supporting multilayer crosslinked polyethylene insulated overhead insulated cables, it is related to crosslinked polyethylene insulated overhead insulated cable field, including by wire core layer, outer sheath is composed of tensile overhead cable, further include: multiple sets of collars are arranged on the wire core layer, the collar is located between wire core layer and outer sheath;Elastic bar, circumferentially connected on the collar, and circumferentially multiple are provided, for connecting each group of the collar, spring one is connected on the elastic bar located on the two sides of the collar, and one end of spring one located on the two sides of the collar is in contact with the side wall of collar;The application is constructed by the hierarchical cooperation of collar, elastic bar, spring one, spring two and spring three, and the multidimensional elastic buffer system of "axial step-by-step buffering, radial circumferential counterbalance, torsional self-adapting reset" is constructed, effectively solve the problem of traditional overhead cable rigid bearing, stress concentration easy deformation cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cables, specifically, it relates to a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of power transmission, overhead insulated cables are installed in the open for extended periods, constantly facing complex outdoor environments characterized by strong winds, snow accumulation, intense solar radiation, and drastic temperature fluctuations between day and night. These cables must independently bear multiple loads, including their own weight, dynamic wind pressure loads, additional snow and ice loads, and thermal expansion and contraction. Their operating conditions are far more demanding than those of ordinary buried cables.

[0003] Traditional overhead insulated cables generally use a combination of copper or aluminum metal conductors and single or multiple layers of polymer insulation materials. However, due to the inherent physical properties of the materials, the metal conductors have obvious shortcomings in terms of toughness and tensile fatigue strength, while the polymer insulation materials are difficult to meet the actual requirements in terms of impact toughness and environmental aging resistance. As a result, the cable structure is prone to irreversible damage under extreme loads and long-term alternating stress, and cannot provide durable and reliable mechanical support and electrical insulation performance.

[0004] More significantly, the existing design of self-supporting overhead cables relies solely on their own structure to achieve static weight bearing, lacking an effective adaptation mechanism to dynamic impact conditions. For example, when sudden strong winds or snowfall occur, the cable cannot actively absorb the impact energy, causing stress concentration between the core layer and the outer sheath, leading to internal structural fractures or insulation damage. Alternatively, when coping with thermal expansion and contraction, the cable undergoes axial and bending deformation. The accumulation of such damage significantly increases the cable failure rate, forcing maintenance personnel to frequently carry out maintenance operations and replace damaged cable sections. This not only greatly increases the economic cost and human resource consumption of power grid maintenance, but also leads to an increase in the number of unplanned power outages, seriously interfering with the stability and continuity of regional power supply, and thus continuously affecting users' electricity experience.

[0005] For example, Chinese invention patent application publication number CN121122815B discloses a high-tensile-strength cable, belonging to the field of cable technology. This high-tensile-strength cable includes several conductors arranged symmetrically in a circle. Each conductor is covered by an inner protective layer. An adaptive expansion and contraction assembly is arranged between the conductors and the inner protective layer to adapt to different cable bending and torsion requirements, reducing damage caused by excessive bending. Simultaneously, several symmetrically arranged connecting plates are welded to the outer wall of a fixing plate. An active stress-relieving assembly is bonded to the other end of each connecting plate to reduce the peak tension directly borne by the conductors, preventing sudden breakage due to overload. This invention, by employing adaptive expansion and contraction assemblies and active stress-relieving assemblies, can automatically adjust the length and shape of the cable according to changes in the external environment and load. This flexibility allows the cable to maintain optimal condition in different application scenarios, improving the cable's reliability under extreme conditions and reducing the risk of failure.

[0006] Although the aforementioned patent can achieve expansion and contraction based on cable stretching and deformation by setting an adaptive expansion and contraction component, thereby reducing the peak tension directly borne by the core, the technical problems mentioned above still exist. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a high tensile strength self-supporting multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable, comprising a tensile overhead cable composed of a core layer and an outer sheath, further comprising: multiple sets of collars fixedly connected to the core layer, the collars being located between the core layer and the outer sheath; elastic rods, circumferentially connected to the collars, and multiple such rods being arranged circumferentially to connect each set of collars, with a spring connected to each elastic rod on both sides of the collar, one end of each spring abutting against the side wall of the collar; a second spring connected between each set of collars, and the second spring being obliquely tensioned; and a spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly, multiple of which are arranged circumferentially between each set of collars, the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly deforming accordingly when the overhead cable deforms; wherein, the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly forms a high point on the outer periphery of the core layer, and the second spring passes through the high point.

[0009] Preferably, each group has two collars, and multiple protrusions are fixedly connected to the circumference of each collar. Each protrusion has a buckle cavity, and the elastic rod is slidably disposed in the buckle cavity. Lugs are provided on both sides of each protrusion for connecting the spring to the collar.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed ring and a sliding ring are respectively connected to the elastic rods on both sides of the collar. The fixed ring is fixedly connected to the elastic rod, and the sliding ring is slidably connected to the elastic rod. The sliding ring abuts against one side of the protrusion, and the spring is located between the fixed ring and the sliding ring.

[0011] Furthermore, each set of collars is connected by multiple springs three circumferentially via lugs, and the springs three are arranged at an angle.

[0012] Furthermore, the third spring and the second spring are located between adjacent elastic rods, and the third spring and the second spring are intersecting to form an intersection area, so that the cross-section of the tensile overhead cable is shaped like a quincunx.

[0013] Preferably, the spring sheet tensile buffer assembly includes a spring sheet, the connecting part of the spring sheet is connected to the collar, the bending part of the spring sheet bends away from the outer periphery of the core layer, a spring member is connected between two adjacent spring sheets, the high point is located on the protruding area of ​​the spring member, and the intersection area of ​​the third spring and the second spring is located on the protruding area.

[0014] Preferably, the collar has a slot and a groove on its circumference, and one end of the connecting part on the spring is inserted into the slot and then bent into the groove to connect with the collar.

[0015] Furthermore, a cavity is formed between the outer sheath and the core layer through the collar.

[0016] Preferably, the core layer comprises, from the inside out, a conductor, a conductor shielding layer, a multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer, and a protective layer, with the collar fixedly connected to the protective layer.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. This high-tensile-strength, self-supporting, multi-layered cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable utilizes a multi-dimensional elastic buffer system—comprising collars, elastic rods, springs one, two, and three—to construct a system of "axial progressive buffering, radial and circumferential balancing, and torsional adaptive reset." This effectively addresses the problems of rigid load-bearing and stress concentration leading to deformation and cracking in traditional overhead cables. Simultaneously, relying on the dynamic deformation characteristics of the spring-loaded tensile buffer components and considering the dynamic height changes of the high points in the raised areas, the system automatically adjusts the force angle and tensile stroke of each elastic component according to the degree of cable tension, bending, and torsional deformation. This forms a multi-level adaptive buffer mechanism of "spring buffering for slight deformation, spring-loaded synergy for moderate deformation, and structural limiting for extreme deformation." This composite buffer mode spatially covers the entire cable stress direction and provides layered responses in deformation sequence, ensuring that the deformation stress of the cable under complex conditions such as strong winds, icing, and alternating temperature differences is fully dispersed and absorbed. Compared to traditional single-load-bearing structures, this significantly reduces the probability of cable tensile fatigue damage and structural deformation, and significantly improves overall tensile and impact resistance and outdoor operational stability.

[0018] 2. This high-tensile-strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable utilizes a cross-section formed by springs two and three intersecting between adjacent elastic members. Combined with the fixed-point support of the spring tab protrusions, this creates an integrated grid truss support structure from multiple sets of inclined tension springs and spring tab components. This alleviates the shortcomings of traditional cables where internal buffer components bear force independently and have scattered support. Simultaneously, paired collars form a precise limiting connection structure through protrusions, latches, and lugs, allowing controllable sliding of the elastic members and maintaining a stable inclined tension posture for each spring component, ensuring uniform transmission of buffer force. This structural coupling mechanism of "grid-coordinated pressure bearing, precise fixed-point force transmission, and uniform energy release across the entire area" simultaneously improves the cable's axial tensile, radial bending, and torsional resistance. The overall structural load-bearing capacity and deformation recovery effect are superior to the linear superposition of the performance of a single spring or single spring tab buffer structure.

[0019] 3. This high-tensile-strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable utilizes modularly arranged loop buffer units that can be deployed at equal or fixed intervals to achieve standardized and modular assembly of the overall cable buffer load-bearing structure. Simultaneously, relying on a quick assembly structure with spring-loaded insert slot fixing and spring-loaded lug connections, precise positioning and stable assembly of all buffer components can be achieved without complex fixing accessories. Each elastic buffer unit can respond independently to stress and work collaboratively across the entire area. This forms a fully automatic operation mechanism of "modular unit deployment, synchronous buffering across the entire area, and adaptive deformation reset," adapting to overhead laying requirements of different spans and outdoor conditions without the need for additional control components. It features high structural integration, convenient assembly, and strong operational reliability, and can stably cope with continuous complex conditions such as high-speed wind disturbance, icing loads, and alternating hot and cold temperatures for extended periods. This significantly reduces cable maintenance frequency and the risk of power outages, making it suitable for long-term, high-reliability outdoor power supply scenarios.

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This invention proposes a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic rod structure of a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the raised area of ​​a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the raised area of ​​a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the collar and protrusion structure of a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection part, bending part, and spring component of a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the slot, groove, and lug of a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of spring two in a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of spring three in a high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable proposed in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the crossed shape of springs two and three; In the diagram: 1. Conductor; 12. Conductor shielding layer; 13. Multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer; 14. Protective layer; 15. Outer sheath; 16. Elastic rod; 161. Fixing ring; 162. Spring 1; 163. Slip ring; 17. Cavity; 2. Collar; 21. Protrusion; 22. Buckle cavity; 23. Hanging ear; 24. Slot; 25. Slot; 26. Spring 2; 27. Cross area; 28. Protruding area; 29. ​​Spring 3; 3. Spring piece; 31. Connecting part; 32. Bending part; 4. Spring component. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 12 The technical solutions provided in the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0024] Example: Refer to Figures 1-12 A high-tensile-strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable includes a tensile-strength overhead cable composed of a core layer and an outer sheath 15. It further includes: multiple sets of collars 2 fixedly connected to the core layer, the collars 2 being located between the core layer and the outer sheath 15; elastic rods 16 circumferentially connected to the collars 2, with multiple rods arranged circumferentially to connect each set of collars 2; springs 162 connected to the elastic rods 16 on both sides of the collars 2, one end of each spring 162 abutting against the side wall of the collar 2; springs 26 connected between each set of collars 2, and springs 26 being inclined; and spring-loaded tensile-strength buffer assemblies, with multiple spring-loaded tensile-strength buffer assemblies arranged circumferentially between each set of collars 2, which deform accordingly when the overhead cable deforms; wherein, the spring-loaded tensile-strength buffer assemblies form high points on the outer periphery of the core layer, and springs 26 pass through these high points.

[0025] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment: The conductor core layer is the internal structure of an overhead cable, which typically includes, from the inside out, a conductor 1, a conductor shielding layer 12, a multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer 13, and a protective layer 14, and is the core part of the cable for transmitting electrical energy.

[0026] The outer sheath 15 is a protective layer that wraps around the core layer to protect the internal structure of the cable from external environmental corrosion and mechanical damage.

[0027] The collar 2 is a ring-shaped structure that is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the protective layer 14 of the core layer. It is located between the core layer and the outer sheath 15 and serves as a base for connecting other buffer components.

[0028] The elastic rod 16 is a rod-shaped member connected to the collar 2, which has a certain degree of elasticity and is used to provide initial buffering when the cable deforms.

[0029] Spring 162 is an elastic element connected to elastic rod 16, one end of which abuts against the side wall of collar 2, and is used to provide elastic deformation and cushioning when the cable is stretched.

[0030] Spring 26 is an elastic element connected between adjacent collars 2, and is arranged in an oblique manner to provide further buffering when the cable deformation intensifies.

[0031] The spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly is a buffer structure made of spring plates that can deform with the cable when it deforms, providing additional tensile buffering capacity.

[0032] The high point is the raised area formed on the outer periphery of the core layer of the spring sheet tensile buffer assembly. The spring 26 passes through this area, and its height change can affect the buffering effect of the spring 26.

[0033] This embodiment provides a high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable, whose structure includes a core layer and an outer sheath 15. The core layer, as the core part of the cable, is responsible for conductivity and load-bearing. It can be composed of various materials and structures; for example, it can consist only of the conductor 1 and the insulation layer, or a load-bearing core can be set inside the conductor 1. The outer sheath 15 wraps around the core layer, providing protection, and its material can be a polymer with good weather resistance.

[0034] This device is applicable to both single-core and multi-core overhead cables.

[0035] Multiple sets of collars 2 are provided on the outer periphery of the core layer, located between the core layer and the outer sheath 15. The collars 2 can be made of metal or high-strength polymer material, serving as a base for connecting other buffer and load-bearing components. Polymer materials, such as high-strength engineering plastics, are preferred. For example, the collars 2 can be directly bonded or wrapped around the outer surface of the core layer, or connected to the core layer via mechanical snap-fit. Furthermore, a 0.5-1mm thick semi-conductive rubber / semi-conductive nylon lining is adhered to the inner wall of the collars 2, increasing the coefficient of friction and improving anti-slip capability, while further reducing contact stress and buffering fretting wear.

[0036] Elastic rods 16 are circumferentially connected to collars 2, and multiple elastic rods 16 are arranged circumferentially. These elastic rods 16 are used to connect each set of collars 2 to form a continuous elastic connection structure. The elastic rods 16 can be made of metal wire, fiber-reinforced composite material rods, or polymer elastomer rods with good elasticity.

[0037] Springs 162 are connected to the elastic rods 16 on both sides of the collar 2, and one end of each spring 162 abuts against the side wall of the collar 2. Springs 162 can be helical springs, disc springs, or rubber springs, and their function is to provide initial elastic cushioning when the cable is subjected to axial tension. For example, spring 162 can be sleeved on the elastic rod 16, with one end abutting against the side wall of the collar 2 and the other end connected to a fixed point on the elastic rod 16 via a limiting structure.

[0038] Spring 26 is connected between each set of collars 2 and is arranged in a diagonal tension configuration. Spring 26 may be a helical tension spring, and its diagonal tension configuration helps to provide cushioning and restoring force when the cable undergoes radial deformation or torsion.

[0039] Multiple spring-loaded tensile buffer assemblies are circumferentially arranged between each set of collars 2. When the overhead cable deforms, the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly can deform accordingly, providing additional tensile buffering capacity. The assembly can be composed of multiple independent elastic metal or composite material springs, which can be fixed to the collars 2 and exist in a curved or wavy shape so as to deform under stress.

[0040] Furthermore, the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly has a high point formed on the outer periphery of the core layer, and spring 26 passes through this high point. The high point can be a protrusion of the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly, and its height can vary according to the cable's stress conditions. Spring 26 passing through this high point means that the deformation of the high point affects the stress state and buffering effect of spring 26, thus achieving a multi-level, adaptive buffering mechanism. For example, the high point can be a simple protruding structure, with spring 26 passing over it.

[0041] Therefore, this embodiment constructs a multi-level, adaptive buffering mechanism by setting multiple sets of collars 2, elastic rods 16, spring one 162, spring two 26, and spring sheet tensile buffer components. This mechanism can effectively absorb and disperse the axial tension, radial bending, and torsional deformation of overhead cables caused by complex outdoor environments such as strong winds, icing, and temperature changes, thereby significantly improving the tensile fatigue resistance and impact resistance of the cable, reducing the cable damage rate, extending service life, reducing maintenance costs, and ensuring the continuity of power supply.

[0042] Furthermore, referring to Figure 9 Each set of collars 2 has two collars. Multiple protrusions 21 are fixedly connected to the circumference of the collar 2. The protrusions 21 have buckle cavities 22. The elastic rod 16 is slidably disposed in the buckle cavity 22. The protrusions 21 have lugs 23 on both sides for connecting the spring 26 to the collar 2.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, the number of each set of collars 2 is limited to two. This paired arrangement helps to form a symmetrical and balanced structural unit, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent connection of the elastic rod 16 and the spring 26. In addition, it also facilitates the setting of intervals according to actual design needs.

[0044] To achieve a reliable connection and controlled movement between the elastic rod 16 and the collar 2, multiple protrusions 21 are fixedly connected to the circumference of the collar 2. These protrusions 21 serve as structural support points, and each has a retaining cavity 22 inside. The elastic rod 16 is designed to slide within these retaining cavities 22. This sliding connection allows the elastic rod 16 to undergo limited and controlled axial displacement when the cable is subjected to stress and deformation, thereby achieving a buffering effect. Simultaneously, the retaining cavities 22 guide and limit the elastic rod 16, preventing it from deviating or falling off during movement, ensuring the stability and reliability of the buffering mechanism. Furthermore, lugs 23 are provided on both sides of the protrusions 21. These lugs 23 are specifically designed to provide connection points for the spring 26. They ensure that the spring 26 can be stably and effectively connected adjacent to the collar 2, and is arranged obliquely between adjacent collars 2, thus participating in buffering and dispersing stress in a timely and effective manner when the cable is stretched.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, the collars 2 are configured in pairs, and the synergistic effect of the protrusions 21, the latching cavity 22, and the lugs 23 constructs a robust and precise framework for the entire buffer system. The sliding arrangement of the elastic rod 16 within the latching cavity 22 makes the displacement during the buffering process smoother and more controllable, effectively avoiding jamming or excessive free movement that may occur with traditional connection methods, thereby improving the sensitivity and efficiency of the buffer response. Simultaneously, the lugs 23 provide a stable anchor point for the second spring 26, ensuring that the second spring 26 can operate stably in the expected inclined tension state, effectively absorbing and dispersing the stress generated by the cable under axial tension, radial bending, or torsional deformation. This structural optimization significantly enhances the overall deformation resistance and buffering performance of the tensile overhead cable, extends the cable's service life, and improves its operational reliability in harsh environments.

[0046] In some implementations, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 On the elastic rods 16 located on both sides of the collar 2, there are fixed rings 161 and sliding rings 163 respectively. The fixed rings 161 are fixedly connected to the elastic rods 16, and the sliding rings 163 are slidably connected to the elastic rods 16. The sliding rings 163 abut against one side of the protrusion 21, and the spring 162 is located between the fixed rings 161 and the sliding rings 163.

[0047] A fixed ring 161 and a slip ring 163 are provided on the elastic rod 16, with a spring 162 placed between them. When the tensile overhead cable deforms, causing the elastic rod 16 to slide, the slip ring 163 abuts against one side of the protrusion 21, thereby precisely compressing the spring 162. This structure clearly defines the buffer stroke and force range of the spring 162, avoiding the problem of uneven force or unstable buffering effect that may occur when the spring 162 directly abuts against the side wall of the collar 2. Therefore, this application can provide a more stable, controllable, and responsive buffering mechanism, effectively absorbing and dispersing the stress generated by the cable under axial tension, radial bending, or torsional deformation, thereby significantly improving the tensile performance and service life of the cable.

[0048] In one implementation, reference Figure 11 Each set of collars 2 is connected by multiple springs 3 29 circumferentially via lugs 23, and the springs 3 29 are set at an angle.

[0049] Specifically, spring 29 is an elastic element that provides additional cushioning and restoring force. The connection via lug 23 ensures a strong and force-transmitting connection between spring 29 and collar 2. Lug 23 is a protruding structure on collar 2 specifically designed to connect components such as springs. The circumferential arrangement of multiple springs 29 means they are evenly distributed around collar 2, providing uniform cushioning across the entire circumference of the cable. This connection method allows spring 29 to effectively participate in the cable's deformation cushioning process, sharing stress and helping to maintain the stability of the cable structure. Simultaneously, the "oblique connection" means that spring 29 is not connected parallel or perpendicular to the cable's axis, but at a certain angle. This oblique configuration allows spring 29 to provide cushioning not only during axial tension but also during radial bending or torsional deformation. Through the oblique connection, spring 29 can decompose the force into axial and radial components, thereby providing support and cushioning for cable deformation in multiple directions, enhancing the overall deformation resistance and stability of the cable.

[0050] By connecting multiple obliquely arranged springs 29 circumferentially between each set of collars 2 via lugs 23, this application further enhances the cable's buffering capacity under complex deformations such as axial tension, radial bending, or torsion. The oblique arrangement of the springs 29 allows them to effectively decompose and absorb stress from different directions, working in synergy with the original springs 26 to form a more comprehensive and balanced elastic support network. This configuration of multiple obliquely arranged springs not only effectively disperses local stress and avoids structural damage caused by stress concentration, but also provides stronger recovery force after cable deformation, ensuring that the cable maintains structural integrity and stable transmission performance under various operating conditions, significantly improving the cable's resistance to deformation and self-supporting capacity.

[0051] In one implementation, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 Spring 3 29 and Spring 2 26 are located between adjacent elastic rods 16, and Spring 3 29 and Spring 2 26 are intersected to form an intersection area 27, so that the cross section of the tensile overhead cable is shaped like a plum blossom.

[0052] Specifically, the positioning of springs 29 (3) and 26 (26) ensures that they form a tight support network within the cable. Springs 29 and 26 are connected in a crisscross pattern, forming a cross section 27. This cross structure, similar to a truss or grid, provides stronger shear and torsional resistance. When the cable is subjected to axial tension, radial bending, or torsional deformation, the crossed springs work together to absorb and disperse energy through tension and compression, providing multi-directional cushioning. The crisscross arrangement of springs 29 and 26, combined with the synergistic effect of other internal components, results in a quincunx-shaped cross-section for the tensile overhead cable. This quincunx-shaped cross-section is not a simple circle but rather a structure with multiple protrusions and recesses. Its non-circular geometry provides better wind resistance or a more compact arrangement in certain applications. Furthermore, the quincunx-shaped structure, in conjunction with the internal cushioning mechanism, provides a more uniform deformation distribution under stress, further enhancing the cable's tensile and cushioning capabilities.

[0053] By precisely arranging springs 3 (29) and 2 (26) between adjacent elastic rods 16 and forming a cross-section 27, this application constructs a more compact and stable internal support network. This cross-structure significantly enhances the mutual fixation of the internal components of the cable, effectively limiting the relative displacement of each component under axial tension, radial bending, or torsional deformation, thereby improving the overall structural stability. Simultaneously, this ingenious spring arrangement allows the cross-section of the tensile overhead cable to exhibit a specific quincunx shape. This shape not only optimizes the cable's geometric characteristics and helps improve its wind resistance, but also ensures that the internal buffering mechanism can function more uniformly and efficiently under stress, thus significantly improving the cable's tensile buffering capacity and adaptability.

[0054] In some implementations, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The spring sheet tensile buffer assembly includes a spring sheet 3, a connecting part 31 on the spring sheet 3 connected to a collar 2, a bending part 32 on the spring sheet 3 bent away from the outer periphery of the core layer, a spring member 4 connected between two adjacent spring sheets 3, the high point being located on the protrusion area 28 of the spring member 4, and the intersection area 27 of spring three 29 and spring two 26 being located on the protrusion area 28.

[0055] Specifically, spring piece 3 is the core component of the spring tensile buffer assembly, typically made of materials with a certain degree of elasticity, toughness, and strength, such as high-strength alloy steel, stainless steel, or composite materials. Its main function is to absorb and disperse stress through its own bending or straightening when the cable is subjected to tensile deformation, thereby providing cushioning. The design of spring piece 3 should consider its stability under bending conditions and its elastic recovery capability during straightening to ensure reliable cushioning under different degrees of deformation.

[0056] The connecting portion 31 on the spring 3 is the connection structure between the spring 3 and the collar 2. This connecting portion 31 is designed to securely mount the spring 3 onto the collar 2, ensuring that the spring 3 can deform with the movement of the collar 2, and effectively transmit the force borne by the spring 3 to the collar 2 or receive force from the collar 2. The connecting portion 31 can employ various connection methods, such as insertion, snap-fit, riveting, or welding, to adapt to different manufacturing processes and stress requirements.

[0057] The bend 32 on the spring 3 is a characteristic structure of the spring 3, and its initial state is bent away from the outer periphery of the core layer. This pre-bending design allows the spring 3 to maintain a certain pre-stress state when not under force, and provides cushioning by gradually straightening the bend 32 when the cable is stretched. The setting of bending away from the outer periphery of the core layer reduces the overall height of the spring 3 when it is straightened, thereby providing space for the dynamic adjustment of other cushioning components.

[0058] A spring element 4 connects two adjacent spring pieces 3. The spring element 4 is an elastic element connected between adjacent spring pieces 3. Its function is to further enhance the buffering capacity of the spring piece tensile buffer assembly and may provide a certain preload or restoring force between the spring pieces 3. The spring element 4 can be a coil spring, leaf spring, rubber spring, or other elastomer. Its selection should match the characteristics of the spring pieces 3 to achieve synergistic buffering and ensure a smooth buffering effect at different deformation stages.

[0059] The high point is the highest point of the spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly on the axial cross-section of the cable, which determines the initial position of the intersection area 27 of spring 26 and spring 39. Setting the high point on the protruding area 28 of spring 4 means that spring 4 forms an outwardly convex area when not under force, and this area is the highest point of the entire spring-loaded tensile buffer assembly. This setting allows spring 26 and spring 39 to pass through this high point, so that the dynamic change of the high point during cable deformation can affect the stress state and buffering effect of spring 26 and spring 329.

[0060] Crossing zone 27 is the area where springs 26 and 39 intersect. Its placement on the raised zone 28 means that in the initial state of the cable, the intersection of springs 26 and 39 is supported or positioned by the raised zone 28. When the cable is subjected to tensile deformation, the spring 3 is straightened, the height of the raised zone 28 decreases, and consequently, the height of crossing zone 27 also decreases. This linkage mechanism allows the force angle and degree of tension of springs 26 and 3 to be dynamically adjusted according to the deformation of the spring tensile buffer assembly, thereby achieving multi-level buffering and adaptive buffering.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a more refined and dynamic buffering mechanism. Specifically, when the cable is subjected to axial tension, the bent portion 32 of the spring piece 3 is gradually straightened, resulting in a decrease in its overall height, which in turn causes the height of the raised area 28 of the spring piece 4 to decrease accordingly. Since the intersection area 27 of spring two 26 and spring three 29 is located on the raised area 28, the height of the intersection area 27 will also decrease accordingly. This dynamic change in height allows the angle of the spring two 26 and spring three 29 to be automatically adjusted during cable tensioning. In the initial stage of tensioning, the spring piece 3 provides the first level of buffering through the deformation of the bent portion 32; as the tension intensifies, the straightening of the spring piece 3 causes the raised area 28 to decrease, thereby changing the force geometry of spring two 26 and spring three 29, allowing them to be stretched more effectively and providing the second level of buffering. This multi-level, adaptive buffering mechanism can automatically adjust the buffering force according to the degree of cable deformation, avoiding the problems of insufficient or excessive buffering that may occur with a single buffering structure. Especially under extreme tensile conditions, the complete straightening of spring 3 can provide the final tensile support, while its height reduction also provides more deformation space for spring 26 and spring 39, thereby significantly improving the overall tensile performance and buffering effect of the cable and extending the service life of the cable.

[0062] Furthermore, referring to Figure 9 The collar 2 has a slot 24 and a groove 25 on its circumference. One end of the connecting part 31 on the spring 3 is inserted into the slot 24 and then bent into the groove 25 to connect with the collar 2.

[0063] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 A cavity 17 is formed between the outer sheath 15 and the core layer through the collar 2.

[0064] The cavity 17 can be used to improve the heat dissipation effect of the core layer; for example, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the outer sheath 15 respectively, and cooling gas is injected into the cavity 17 through the air inlet and circulates in the tensile overhead cable, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the core layer.

[0065] Alternatively, a support structure may be added to the outer surface of the core layer located in cavity 17 to improve the stability of the outer sheath 15.

[0066] The formation of cavity 17 creates an impact-resistant protective chamber between the outer sheath 15 and the core layer, which improves the impact resistance of the cable.

[0067] Alternatively, injecting fluid media such as oil or grease into the cavity 17 can improve the oxidation resistance of the structural components inside the cavity 17, further enhance the impact resistance of the cable, and also improve the stability of the cross-sectional shape of the outer sheath 15.

[0068] In one implementation, reference Figure 1 Two collars 2 are installed at regular intervals in the tensile overhead cable, and springs 26, 39 and spring sheet tensile buffer assembly are installed between the two collars 2. In one embodiment, a baffle plate is provided on both sides of the protrusion 21 near the upper end of the protrusion 21. The baffle plate is used to construct an isolation layer between the outer sheath 15 and the slip ring 163 and the spring 162 to further prevent the outer sheath 15 from contacting the slip ring 163 and the spring 162 and affecting the movement of the slip ring 163 and the spring 162.

[0069] It should be noted that the highest point of the outer diameter of slip ring 163 is lower than the highest point of protrusion 21, which further prevents the inner wall of outer sheath 15 from contacting slip ring 163.

[0070] This invention provides a multi-level, adaptive buffering mechanism that automatically adjusts the buffering force according to the tensile strength of the overhead cable. This multi-level, adaptive buffering mechanism allows the cable to dynamically adjust its buffering performance based on changes in external load, effectively coping with various deformations from minor disturbances to extreme loads. This significantly reduces the cable's damage rate in complex outdoor environments, extends its service life, and reduces maintenance costs and the risk of power outages. Compared to the single rigid load-bearing method of traditional cables, this cable's buffering system provides more flexible and durable structural support.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable, comprising a tensile-strength overhead cable consisting of a core layer and an outer sheath (15), characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple sets of collars (2) are fixedly connected to the core layer, and the collars (2) are located between the core layer and the outer sheath (15); The elastic rod (16) is circumferentially connected to the collar (2), and multiple rods are arranged circumferentially to connect each group of collars (2). Springs (162) are connected to the elastic rods (16) on both sides of the collar (2). One end of the springs (162) on both sides of the collar (2) abuts against the side wall of the collar (2). Spring 2 (26) is connected between each set of said collars (2), and said spring 2 (26) is in a diagonal tension shape; The spring sheet tensile buffer assembly is provided with multiple spring sheets circumferentially between each group of collars (2). When the overhead cable deforms, the spring sheet tensile buffer assembly deforms accordingly. The spring sheet tensile component has a high point formed on the outer periphery of the core layer, and the second spring (26) passes through the high point.

2. The high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of collars (2) has two collars. Multiple protrusions (21) are fixedly connected to the circumference of the collar (2). A buckle cavity (22) is opened on the protrusion (21). The elastic rod (16) is slidably arranged in the buckle cavity (22). Lugs (23) are provided on both sides of the protrusion (21) for connecting the spring (26) to the collar (2).

3. The high tensile strength self-supporting multilayer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fixed ring (161) and a sliding ring (163) are respectively connected to the elastic rods (16) on both sides of the collar (2). The fixed ring (161) is fixedly connected to the elastic rod (16), and the sliding ring (163) is slidably connected to the elastic rod (16). The sliding ring (163) abuts against one side of the protrusion (21). The spring (162) is located between the fixed ring (161) and the sliding ring (163).

4. The high tensile strength self-supporting multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each set of collars (2) is circumferentially connected by a lug (23) with multiple springs (29), which are arranged at an angle.

5. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spring three (29) and spring two (26) are located between adjacent elastic rods (16), and the spring three (29) and spring two (26) form an intersection area (27) in a cross shape, so that the cross section of the tensile overhead cable is shaped like a plum blossom.

6. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spring sheet tensile buffer assembly includes a spring sheet (3), the connecting part (31) on the spring sheet (3) is connected to the collar (2), the bending part (32) on the spring sheet (3) bends away from the outer periphery of the core layer, and a spring piece (4) is connected between two adjacent spring sheets (3). The high point is located on the protrusion area (28) of the spring piece (4), and the intersection area (27) of the spring three (29) and the spring two (26) is located on the protrusion area (28).

7. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The collar (2) has a slot (24) and a slot (25) on its circumference. One end of the connecting part (31) on the spring piece (3) is inserted into the slot (24) and then bent into the slot (25) to connect with the collar (2).

8. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, A cavity (17) is formed between the outer sheath (15) and the core layer through the collar (2).

9. A high tensile strength, self-supporting, multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulated overhead cable according to claim 8, characterized in that, The core layer includes, from the inside out, a conductor (1), a conductor shielding layer (12), a multi-layer cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer (13), and a protective layer (14). The collar (2) is fixedly connected to the protective layer (14).

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