A high-low voltage power transmission and distribution oil-immersed transformer
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611479080.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
Smart Images
Figure CN122991813A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil-immersed transformer technology, and more specifically, to an oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution. Background Technology
[0002] Oil-immersed transformers are important equipment in high and low voltage power transmission and distribution systems. They mainly achieve voltage transformation and power transmission through electromagnetic induction between the core and windings. To ensure normal operation, transformers typically require a casing and top cover to enclose and protect the internal core, windings, and insulating oil, and appropriate mounting support structures to fix the core and windings in place.
[0003] During transformer operation, a reliable seal must be maintained between the chassis and the top cover to prevent external moisture from entering the chassis and affecting the insulation performance of the insulating oil. Simultaneously, the internal core and windings need to be stably installed using appropriate support structures. When the windings require maintenance due to short-circuit faults, insulation aging, or other reasons, the relevant fixing structures must be removed, and the windings disassembled from the core to facilitate repair and reinstallation.
[0004] For transformers using a top cover connecting to the internal core support structure, the top cover not only needs to meet the requirements of chassis sealing and connection fixation, but also needs to cooperate with hoisting and disassembly operations during internal component maintenance. Specifically, vibrations generated during long-term transformer operation may cause some fastening bolts between the chassis and the top cover to loosen, affecting the compression state of the sealing rings; when disassembling the windings for maintenance, after the bottom support structure is removed, the windings may descend rapidly due to their own weight, causing winding collisions and insulation damage; and during winding reinstallation, if there is a lack of effective lifting limit and locking structures, it is necessary to rely on external hoisting or lifting equipment for repeated adjustments, making it difficult to stop stably at the required height, posing a risk of accidental slippage.
[0005] Therefore, for oil-immersed transformers that need to balance normal operation and subsequent disassembly and maintenance, it is necessary to design the top cover fastening structure and its internal support, lifting buffer and installation locking structure as a whole. This will enable the transformer to maintain the fastening relationship between the chassis and the top cover under normal assembly conditions, and to achieve controlled descent and step-by-step lifting and locking of the windings during maintenance, thereby improving the reliability and convenience of the overall assembly and maintenance operation of the transformer. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution.
[0007] The technical solution is as follows: An oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution includes a chassis, heat dissipation fins fixedly connected to the outer surface of the chassis, a top cover provided on the top of the chassis, multiple high voltage terminals fixedly connected to the top of the top cover, multiple low voltage terminals fixedly connected to the top of the top cover, an oil conservator fixedly connected to the top of the chassis, and fastening components provided on the top cover. The fastening assembly includes four sets of lifting frames slidably connected to the top cover. The lifting frames are arranged in pairs, and a push rod is fixedly connected between the two lifting frames in each pair. A stop ring is fixedly connected to the multiple sets of lifting frames. Multiple springs are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top cover. The ends of the multiple springs away from the top cover are fixedly connected to the lifting frames. Fastening bolts are evenly arranged on the stop rings. Four sets of slot blocks are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top cover. The slot blocks are arranged in pairs, and a translation frame is slidably connected to the two slot blocks in each pair. A guide frame is connected to each translation frame, and a fastening strip is fixedly connected to each translation frame. Multiple push rods slide inside adjacent guide frames. An auxiliary assembly is provided on the top cover.
[0008] Furthermore, the top of the inner wall of the chassis is provided with an extension edge, and multiple mounting holes are evenly opened on the top of the chassis. Holes are opened on the contact ring. The fastening bolt consists of a screw and a nut. The screw of the fastening bolt passes through the hole of the contact ring from top to bottom and then through the mounting hole of the chassis. The nut of the fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the end of the screw that passes through the mounting hole of the chassis. The two slots of each group are located on the opposite side of the two lifting frames of each group. The guide slot is provided with an inclined slot. An elastically deformable rubber pad is fixedly connected to the top of the fastening strip.
[0009] Furthermore, the auxiliary components include two top frames fixedly connected to the bottom of the top cover, an upper iron core between the two top frames, three vertical iron cores fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper iron core, a lower iron core shared by the bottom of the three vertical iron cores, a winding sleeved on the outer side of each vertical iron core, two upper frames fixedly connected between the two top frames, the two upper frames fixing the upper iron core between the two top frames, a set of vertical bars fixedly connected to each of the two top frames by bolts, four vertical bars forming a group, a base frame detachably connected to the bottom of each group of vertical bars by bolts, two lower frames fixedly connected between the two base frames, the two lower frames fixing the lower iron core between the two base frames.
[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary components also include lifting frames that are slidably connected between the two vertical frames. There are three lifting frames, and each lifting frame has a tray fixedly connected to its bottom. Three fixed shells are fixedly connected to the two top frames on their opposite sides. Two partition plates are fixedly connected inside each fixed shell. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside each fixed shell. Multiple deceleration rods are fixedly connected to both ends of each rotating shaft. Two protruding plates are fixedly connected to the outer surface of each rotating shaft. Two torsion springs are sleeved on the outer surface of each rotating shaft. The two ends of each torsion spring are fixedly connected to the protruding plate and the partition plate, respectively. A pull rope is wound around the outer surface of each rotating shaft.
[0011] Furthermore, the lower iron core is detachably installed at the bottom of the three vertical iron cores. The upper surface of the lower iron core abuts against the bottom end of the three vertical iron cores to form a closed magnetic circuit. The tray has a round hole, and the bottom of the tray abuts against the top of the base frame. The bottom of each winding abuts against the upper surface of the tray. Two partition plates divide the interior of the fixed shell into three spaces. A rotating hole is opened in the middle of the two partition plates for the rotating shaft to pass through. A seal is provided between the rotating hole of the two partition plates and the rotating shaft to form a sealed liquid storage space on both sides of the fixed shell. Shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid is stored in the space on both sides of the fixed shell. The torsion spring has a preload in the initial state. A through hole is opened at the bottom of each fixed shell. The pull rope passes through the through hole of the fixed shell from top to bottom. One end of each pull rope passing through the through hole of the fixed shell is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the adjacent lifting frame.
[0012] Furthermore, the top frame and the base frame are equipped with mounting components. The mounting components include two toothed plates fixedly connected to both ends of the two base frames. Both ends of the two top frames are fixedly connected to two lifting plates. The toothed plates and the lifting plates are slidably connected. The lifting plates have rectangular slots. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting plate away from the toothed plates. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate. A gear is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod. A ratchet is fixedly connected to each side of the gear on the rotating rod. A movable frame is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed plate. Springs are fixedly connected to both ends of the movable frame. The end of the springs away from the movable frame is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting plate. The movable frame has two movable slots. A set of springs is fixedly connected inside each of the two movable slots. The springs are in pairs. A pawl is fixedly connected to the end of each set of springs away from the movable slot.
[0013] Furthermore, both toothed plates have protruding teeth on their surfaces facing the lifting plate. The gears mesh with the protruding teeth of the toothed plates. A T-shaped strip is provided on the outer side of the fixed plate, and a T-shaped groove that matches the T-shaped strip of the fixed plate is provided on the inner side of the movable frame. The pawl slides inside the movable groove, and the side of the pawl away from the spring engages with an adjacent ratchet.
[0014] Based on the above, the beneficial effects of the oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to the present invention are as follows: This invention uses fastening bolts to press the contact ring, causing the fastening strip to elastically abut against the extended edge of the chassis via a rubber pad, thus providing auxiliary fastening between the top cover and the chassis. Even if some fastening bolts loosen due to long-term vibration, the remaining bolts, through the cooperation of the contact ring and fastening strip, can still help limit the top cover from lifting relative to the chassis, maintaining the compression of the sealing ring and reducing the risk of external moisture entering the chassis and affecting the quality of the insulating oil. Simultaneously, the fastening components and auxiliary components are structurally connected through the top cover, ensuring that the top cover maintains a reliable connection with the chassis during normal operation and, after loosening the fastening, can be used with hoisting equipment to move the auxiliary components and internal iron core windings as a whole, facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance of the windings. The present invention supports the winding by means of a tray in the auxiliary component. When the tray loses the support of the base frame, the lifting frame moves downward under the weight of the winding itself. The pull rope drives the rotating shaft and the deceleration rod to rotate. The resistance generated by the shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid on the deceleration rod is used to suppress the rapid rotation of the rotating shaft, thereby slowing down the descent speed of the winding and reducing the risk of collision, mechanical deformation and insulation damage caused by the sudden fall of the winding. Meanwhile, the base frame in the auxiliary component works in conjunction with the mounting component. When the winding is disassembled, the base frame can be moved downward and the support on the tray can be released by releasing the mounting component from the base frame. This allows the auxiliary component to buffer and constrain the descent of the winding, improving the controllability and safety of the winding disassembly process. This invention utilizes the sequential engagement of ratchet and pawl in the installation assembly to stop and lock the tray in the auxiliary assembly at multiple height positions within its travel range. This does not affect the upward pushing operation and prevents the tray from sliding backward, allowing operators to flexibly select appropriate stopping positions based on the actual installation situation. This facilitates the gradual adjustment and confirmation of the engagement between the winding and the vertical core, reducing the need for repeated lifting and correction due to positional deviations. It also prevents accidental tray slippage that could cause winding misalignment or collisions, thus improving the convenience of the installation process and the accuracy of positional control. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall components of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the overall components of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of component A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top cover, groove block, translation frame, and other components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the lifting frame, contact ring, and other components of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top cover, top frame, vertical frame, base frame, and other components of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting frame, tray, vertical iron core, winding and other components of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical frame, lifting frame, tray, and other components of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of component at point B; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the components of the present invention, including the upper iron core, vertical iron core, lower iron core, upper frame, and lower frame. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top frame, vertical frame, lifting plate, and other components of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the base frame, toothed plate, and other components of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the toothed plate, lifting plate, gears and other components of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the components of the present invention, such as the rotating rod, ratchet, and pawl. Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixed plate, movable frame, and other components of the present invention.
[0016] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are as follows: 1. Chassis; 2. Heat sink fins; 3. Top cover; 4. High-voltage terminals; 5. Low-voltage terminals; 6. Oil reservoir; 71. Lifting frame; 72. Push rod; 73. Contact ring; 74. Spring 1; 75. Fastening bolt; 76. Groove block; 77. Translation frame; 78. Guide groove frame; 79. Fastening strip; 81. Top frame; 82. Upper iron core; 83. Vertical iron core; 84. Lower iron core; 85. Winding; 86. Upper frame; 87. Vertical bar frame; 88. Base frame; 89. Lower frame; 810. Lifting frame; 811. Tray; 812. Fixed shell; 813. Divider plate; 814. Rotating shaft; 815. Decelerator bar; 816. Convex plate; 817. Torsion spring; 818. Pull rope; 91. Toothed plate; 92. Lifting plate; 93. Fixed plate; 94. Rotating rod; 95. Gear; 96. Ratchet; 97. Movable frame; 98. Spring 2; 99. Movable groove; 910. Spring 3; 911. Pawl. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] The embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below: like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution includes a chassis 1. The outer surface of the chassis 1 is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed heat dissipation fins 2. The top of the chassis 1 is provided with a top cover 3. The top of the top cover 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of high voltage terminals 4 arranged in a linear array. The top of the top cover 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of low voltage terminals 5 arranged in a linear array. The top of the chassis 1 is fixedly connected with an oil conservator 6. The top cover 3 is provided with a fastening component for fastening and sealing between the chassis 1 and the top cover 3. The fastening assembly includes four sets of lifting frames 71 slidably connected to the top cover 3. The lifting frames 71 are in pairs, and a push rod 72 is fixedly connected between the two lifting frames 71 in each pair. A contact ring 73 is fixedly connected to the multiple sets of lifting frames 71. A spring 74 corresponding to the position of the multiple lifting frames 71 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top cover 3. The ends of the multiple springs 74 away from the top cover 3 are fixedly connected to the lifting frames 71. A ring of fastening bolts 75 is evenly arranged on the contact ring 73. Four sets of slot blocks 76 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top cover 3. The slot blocks 76 are in pairs, and the two slot blocks 76 in each pair are located on the opposite side of the two lifting frames 71 in each pair. A translation frame 77 is slidably connected to the two slot blocks 76 in each pair. A guide frame 78 is connected to each translation frame 77. A fastening strip 79 is fixedly connected to each translation frame 77. The multiple push rods 72 slide inside the adjacent guide frames 78.
[0019] It should be noted that the top of the inner wall of the chassis 1 is provided with an extension edge, and multiple mounting holes are evenly opened on the top of the chassis 1. The contact ring 73 is provided with holes corresponding to the mounting holes of the chassis 1. The fastening bolt 75 consists of a screw and a nut. The screw of the fastening bolt 75 passes through the hole of the contact ring 73 from top to bottom and then through the mounting hole of the chassis 1. The nut of the fastening bolt 75 is threadedly connected to the end of the screw that passes through the mounting hole of the chassis 1. The guide bracket 78 is provided with a slanted groove. The top of the fastening strip 79 is fixedly connected with an elastically deformable rubber pad, which is used to generate a preload force when it comes into contact with the extension edge.
[0020] When not in use, i.e. when the top cover 3 is not installed on the chassis 1, the abutment ring 73 is not pushed by the fastening bolt 75, i.e. the spring 74 is not stretched. The spring 74, through the lifting frame 71, makes the abutment ring 73 in the highest position, and the pushing rod 72 is located in the highest position of the inclined groove of the guide frame 78, so that the guide frame 78 drives the fastening strip 79 to the innermost side through the translation frame 77. That is, when the top cover 3 is placed on the chassis 1, the translation frame 77 can effectively enter the interior of the chassis 1.
[0021] Specifically, the top cover 3 is installed on the top of the chassis 1 by fastening bolts 75. In order to ensure an effective sealing relationship between the chassis 1 and the top cover 3, the prior art usually sets a sealing ring between the chassis 1 and the top cover 3 for sealing. However, the electrical components inside the chassis 1 will vibrate during operation. If the fastening bolts 75 are used for fixing, some of the fastening bolts 75 will become loose, which will cause the top cover 3 and the chassis 1 to become loose in some areas. Even if a sealing ring is provided, it is easy to have an incomplete seal. To address this, when installing the top cover 3 onto the chassis 1, the operator places the top cover 3 on top of the chassis 1. The top cover 3 will cause the slot block 76 to move synchronously. The slot block 76, through the translation frame 77, will cause the fastening strip 79 to move to the inside of the chassis 1. Then, the operator will pass the screw of the fastening bolt 75 through the hole of the contact ring 73 and then through the mounting hole of the chassis 1. The nut of the fastening bolt 75 is threadedly connected to the end of the fastening bolt 75 that passes through the mounting hole of the chassis 1. As the nut of the fastening bolt 75 is gradually tightened, the screw of the fastening bolt 75 will continuously press down on the contact ring 73, causing the contact ring 73 to move downward. The contact ring 73 will cause the lifting frame 71 to move downward synchronously. When the lifting frame 71 moves downward, it will stretch the spring 74. At the same time, the lifting frame 71 will also cause the pushing rod 72 to move downward. The pushing rod 72 will slide downward in the inclined groove of the guide frame 78. The pushing rod 72 moves to the lowest position of the inclined groove of the guide frame 78, that is, it moves to the lowest position of the inclined groove of the guide frame 78. Figure 3 In the state shown, the push rod 72 will move the guide rail 78 towards the fastening bolt 75 through the inclined groove of the guide rail 78. The guide rail 78 will drive the translation frame 77 to move outward on the slot block 76, thus causing the translation frame 77 to move towards the inner wall surface of the chassis 1. The translation frame 77 will move towards the inner wall of the chassis 1, that is, move to... Figure 3As shown, the movement of the translation frame 77 will cause the fastening strip 79 to move to the bottom of the extension edge of the chassis 1 and come into contact with it. Since the upper surface of the rubber pad is slightly higher than the lower surface of the extension edge in its natural state, when the fastening strip 79 comes into contact with the extension edge of the chassis 1, the rubber pad on it will be compressed and undergo elastic deformation. Under the restriction of the extension edge of the chassis 1 and the elastic restoring action of the rubber pad of the fastening strip 79, the translation frame 77 applies a downward force to the top cover 3 through the groove block 76, while the fastening strip 79 applies an upward force to the chassis 1, so that the top cover 3 can be tightly fastened to the chassis. At the top of 1, the combined tightening of multiple fastening bolts 75 effectively keeps the contact ring 73 pressed downwards. Even if some of the fastening bolts 75 loosen, as long as there are still fastening bolts 75 tightening the contact ring 73, the top cover 3 can be prevented from lifting upwards relative to the chassis 1. This helps maintain the sealing state between the top cover 3 and the chassis 1, preventing moisture in the outside air from entering the interior of the chassis 1 through gaps and affecting the quality of the insulating oil. This ensures that the electrical components inside the chassis 1 can always operate in a stable insulating environment, further improving the service life of the electrical components inside the chassis 1.
[0022] It should be noted that the installation of the top cover 3 on the chassis 1 was carried out using auxiliary tools such as a crane.
[0023] like Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 13As shown, the top cover 3 is equipped with auxiliary components for facilitating disassembly and assembly. These components include two top brackets 81 fixedly connected to the bottom of the top cover 3. An upper iron core 82 is positioned between the two top brackets 81. Three vertical iron cores 83 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper iron core 82. A lower iron core 84 is shared at the bottom of the three vertical iron cores 83. A winding 85 is fitted around the outer side of each vertical iron core 83. Two upper brackets 86 are fixedly connected between the two top brackets 81, securing the upper iron core 82 between them. A set of vertical bars 87 is bolted to each of the two top brackets 81. Four vertical bars 87 form a group, and each group of vertical bars 87 is detachably connected to a base bracket 88 by bolts. Two lower brackets 89 are fixedly connected between the two base brackets 88, securing the lower iron core 84 between them. Between each base frame 88 and between each pair of vertical frames 87, a lifting frame 810 is slidably connected. There are three lifting frames 810. Each lifting frame 810 has a tray 811 fixedly connected to its bottom. Three fixed shells 812 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of each of the two top frames 81. Two partition plates 813 are fixedly connected inside each fixed shell 812. A rotating shaft 814 is rotatably connected inside each fixed shell 812. Both ends of each rotating shaft 814 are fixedly connected to a deceleration rod 815 arranged in a circular array. Two protruding plates 816 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of each rotating shaft 814. Two torsion springs 817 are sleeved on the outer surface of each rotating shaft 814. Both ends of each torsion spring 817 are fixedly connected to the protruding plate 816 and the partition plate 813, respectively. A pull rope 818 is wound around the outer surface of each rotating shaft 814.
[0024] It should be noted that the lower iron core 84 is detachably mounted at the bottom of the three vertical iron cores 83. The upper surface of the lower iron core 84 abuts against the bottom ends of the three vertical iron cores 83 to form a closed magnetic circuit. The tray 811 has a round hole for the vertical iron core 83 to pass through. The bottom of the tray 811 abuts against the top of the base frame 88. The bottom of each winding 85 abuts against the upper surface of the tray 811. The two partition plates 813 divide the interior of the fixed shell 812 into three spaces. The middle of each partition plate 813 has an opening for the shaft 814 to pass through. The rotating holes of the two partition plates 813 are provided with a seal between the rotating holes and the rotating shaft 814, so that the space on both sides of the fixed shell 812 forms a sealed liquid storage space, wherein the space on both sides of the fixed shell 812 stores a shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid. The torsion spring 817 has a preload in the initial state. Each fixed shell 812 has a through hole at the bottom. The pull rope 818 passes through the through hole of the fixed shell 812 from top to bottom. One end of each pull rope 818 passing through the through hole of the fixed shell 812 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the adjacent lifting frame 810.
[0025] Specifically, when a transformer experiences a short-circuit fault, the short-circuit current increases significantly, increasing the axial and radial electrodynamic forces on winding 85. In severe cases, this may cause mechanical deformation of winding 85, necessitating disassembly and repair of the damaged winding 85. Before disassembling and repairing winding 85, the transformer should be de-energized, and the electrical connection between the winding 85 to be repaired and the corresponding terminals should be disconnected according to existing repair procedures. Workers can first loosen the bolts securing the vertical support 87 to the base frame 88, then remove the base frame 88 downwards. During removal, the lower core 84 will move downwards synchronously via the lower frame 89. After removing the base frame 88, the bottom of the tray 811 loses support, and under the weight of the winding 85, it will press down on the tray 811, causing the tray... 811 drives the lifting frame 810 to move downwards on the vertical frame 87. During this downward movement, the lifting frame 810 pulls the pull rope 818. Since the pull rope 818 is wound around the rotating shaft 814, the pull rope causes the rotating shaft 814 to rotate inside the fixed housing 812. During this rotation, the rotating shaft 814 causes the torsion spring 817 to elastically torsion and deform through the protrusion plate 816, accumulating elastic potential energy. Furthermore, the rotation of the rotating shaft 814 also drives the deceleration rod 815 to rotate within the spaces on both sides of the fixed housing 812. When in motion, the shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid within the spaces on both sides of the fixed shell 812 is agitated. As the rotational speed of the deceleration rod 815 increases, the shear rate experienced by the non-Newtonian fluid increases, exhibiting greater flow resistance. This resistance inhibits the rapid rotation of the shaft 814, further causing the pull rope 818 to slowly unwind from the shaft 814. Consequently, the lifting frame 810 slowly slides downward from the vertical frame 87. The lifting frame 810 causes the tray 811 to move downward slowly, and the tray 811 slows down the winding 85. The lowering speed assists in the smooth descent and disassembly of winding 85, effectively preventing rapid falls and reducing mechanical deformation and insulation damage caused by impacts. It also reduces the safety risks to operators caused by sudden drops of winding 85, improving the controllability and safety of the disassembly process. It also reduces unnecessary friction and interference between winding 85 and surrounding components during removal, helps maintain the integrity of the original winding structure of winding 85, and provides better foundational conditions for subsequent maintenance or rewinding operations, thereby improving overall maintenance quality and efficiency.
[0026] It should be noted that during the removal of winding 85, a crane must be used to keep the top cover 3 suspended throughout the process, i.e., the disassembly and maintenance are carried out in a suspended state. When winding 85 needs to be reinstalled, the base frame 88 is placed back under the tray 811, and the toothed plate 91 is engaged with the corresponding lifting plate 92. The base frame 88 is then moved upward using hoisting or lifting equipment. Once the top of the base frame 88 contacts the bottom of the tray 811, the base frame 88 continues to rise, which will push the tray 811, the lifting frame 810, and the winding 85 upward simultaneously. The movement causes the winding 85 to be re-mounted on the outside of the corresponding vertical iron core 83. At this time, since the lifting frame 810 no longer pulls the pull rope 818, under the elastic reset action of the torsion spring 817, the rotating shaft 814 will be driven to rotate in the opposite direction inside the fixed shell 812 through the convex plate 816. At the same time, with the action of the deceleration rod 815 stirring the shear thickening non-Newtonian fluid at both ends of the fixed shell 812, the rotating shaft 814 slowly rotates in the opposite direction. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 814 can rewind the pulled-out pull rope 818 back onto the rotating shaft 814.
[0027] like Figures 10 to 15 As shown, the top frame 81 and the base frame 88 are equipped with installation components for quick installation. The installation components include two toothed plates 91 fixedly connected to both ends of the two base frames 88. Both ends of the two top frames 81 are fixedly connected to two lifting plates 92. The toothed plates 91 and the lifting plates 92 are slidably connected. Each lifting plate 92 has a rectangular slot. A fixing plate 93 corresponding to the position of the rectangular slot on the outer surface of the lifting plate 92 away from the toothed plates 91 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 93. A rotating rod 94 is rotatably connected inside the fixing plate 93. A gear 95 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod 94. A gear 95 is located on the rotating rod 94. A ratchet 96 is fixedly connected to each side of the gear 95. A movable frame 97 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed plate 93. A spring 98 is fixedly connected to both ends of the movable frame 97. The end of the spring 98 away from the movable frame 97 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting plate 92. Two movable slots 99 are opened on the movable frame 97, corresponding to the positions of the ratchet 96. A set of springs 910 is fixedly connected inside each of the two movable slots 99. The springs 910 are in pairs. A pawl 911 is fixedly connected to the end of each set of springs 910 away from the movable slot 99.
[0028] It should be noted that the surfaces of both toothed plates 91 facing the lifting plate 92 are provided with protruding teeth arranged in a linear array. The gear 95 meshes with the protruding teeth of the toothed plates 91. The outer side of the fixed plate 93 is provided with a T-shaped strip, and the inner side of the movable frame 97 is provided with a T-shaped groove that matches the T-shaped strip of the fixed plate 93. The T-shaped groove of the movable frame 97 slides with the T-shaped strip of the fixed plate 93 to limit the lateral sliding of the movable frame 97. The pawl 911 slides inside the movable groove 99. The side of the pawl 911 away from the spring 910 engages with an adjacent ratchet 96. Figure 14 As shown, when the pawl 911 and the ratchet 96 are engaged, the ratchet 96 can rotate counterclockwise and is restricted from rotating clockwise.
[0029] Specifically, when the base frame 88 is dismantled, that is, after the bolts connecting the bottom of the vertical frame 87 to the base frame 88 are removed, the ratchet 96 is restricted from rotating due to the engagement of the pawl 911 and the ratchet 96. The ratchet 96 can prevent the gear 95 from rotating through the rotating rod 94. The engagement of the gear 95 and the toothed plate 91 prevents the toothed plate 91 from moving downwards. Consequently, the toothed plate 91 prevents the base frame 88 from moving downwards. At this time, the base frame 88 cannot be directly dismantled from the bottom of the vertical frame 87. When it is necessary for the base frame 88 to be dismantled smoothly downwards, the operator can pull the movable frame 97. The movable frame 97 moves on the fixed plate 93 away from the lifting plate 92. During the movement of the movable frame 97, the spring 98 is stretched. At the same time, the movement of the movable frame 97 drives the pawl 911 located inside the movable groove 99, causing the pawl 911 to disengage from the ratchet 96. Under the action of the weight of the base frame 88, the toothed plate 91 can be driven to move downwards. The teeth of the toothed plate 91 will drive the gear 95 to rotate. The gear 95 will drive the ratchet 96 to rotate synchronously through the rotating rod 94. At this time, the base frame 88 can be dismantled smoothly downwards.
[0030] When installing winding 85, the movable bracket 97 is not pulled. Spring 2 98 causes the movable bracket 97 to engage with ratchet 96 via pawl 911. Pawl 911 can limit the clockwise rotation of ratchet 96. (Refer to...) Figure 14The rotation direction can be adjusted by using hoisting equipment or other lifting machinery to lift the base frame 88, aligning the toothed plate 91 with the corresponding lifting plate 92. As the base frame 88 moves vertically upward, the toothed plate 91 slides upward inside the lifting plate 92. This upward movement of the toothed plate 91 causes its teeth to drive the gear 95 to rotate counter-clockwise. The gear 95, through the rotating rod 94, drives the ratchet 96 to rotate counter-clockwise synchronously. The ratchet 96's counter-clockwise rotation continuously pushes the pawl 911, causing it to move towards the side of the spring 910 within the movable groove 99. This movement compresses the spring 910. When the ratchet 96 stops pushing the pawl 911, the elastic reset action of the spring 910 allows the pawl 911 to move towards the side of the ratchet 96 within the movable groove 99, ensuring that the pawl 911 remains engaged with the ratchet 96. The pawl 911 then engages with the ratchet 96. The locking action of 96 prevents the rotating rod 94 from rotating clockwise. The rotating rod 94 also prevents the gear 95 from rotating clockwise. The gear 95, through the protruding teeth of the toothed plate 91, prevents the base frame 88 from moving downwards. The base frame 88 ensures that the tray 811 provides stable support for the winding 85. By sequentially engaging the ratchet 96 and the pawl 911, the base frame 88 can stop and lock the tray 811 at multiple heights within its travel range. This does not affect the upward pushing operation and prevents the tray 811 from sliding backwards. This allows the operator to flexibly choose the appropriate stopping position according to the actual installation situation. It is beneficial to gradually adjust and confirm the engagement state between the winding 85 and the vertical iron core 83, reducing the need for repeated lifting and correction due to positional deviations. At the same time, it avoids the tray 811 from accidentally sliding down, causing the winding 85 to become misaligned or bumped. This helps to improve the convenience of the installation process and the accuracy of position control.
[0031] It should be noted that after adjusting the winding 85 to the appropriate position, the bolts between the bottom of the vertical bar bracket 87 and the base frame 88 should be tightened again to ensure the stable installation of the base frame 88.
[0032] In this invention, the fastening assembly, auxiliary assembly, and mounting assembly are all configured as structural components of the transformer. The fastening assembly is mounted on the top cover 3, and the top frame 81 in the auxiliary assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top cover 3, forming a structural connection between the fastening assembly and the auxiliary assembly through the top cover 3. The base frame 88 in the auxiliary assembly is detachably connected to the top frame 81 via a vertical frame 87. The top of the base frame 88 abuts against the bottom of the tray 811, and the tray 811 is connected to the pull rope 818 via a lifting frame 810. The pull rope 818 is further connected to the rotating shaft 814 inside the fixed shell 812. The lifting plate 92 in the mounting assembly is connected to the top frame 81, and the toothed plate 91 is connected to the base frame 88. The meshing of the gear 95 with the toothed plate 91 and the engagement of the ratchet 96 with the pawl 911 can restrict the reverse descent of the base frame 88.
[0033] Thus, the auxiliary components and the installation components form a mutually cooperating winding support and lifting structure through the shared top frame 81, bottom frame 88 and tray 811, while the fastening components are connected to the above-mentioned internal support structure through the top cover 3, so that the three components together constitute the overall assembly structure of the transformer, which is retained on the transformer after assembly and can continue to be used in subsequent maintenance.
[0034] Furthermore, through the structural cooperation between the fastening components, auxiliary components, and installation components, the present invention enables the top cover 3 and the internal iron core winding and its disassembly and assembly structure to form an interconnected whole, which can adapt to different usage states of normal operation of the transformer and subsequent maintenance and disassembly.
[0035] Under normal transformer operation, the fastening bolts 75 maintain pressure on the contact ring 73, causing the contact ring 73 to engage with the guide rail frame 78 via the lifting frame 71 and the pushing rod 72. This drives the translation frame 77 and the fastening strip 79 to move towards the inner wall of the chassis 1, allowing the fastening strip 79 to elastically abut against the extended edge of the chassis 1 via the rubber pad. This helps maintain the tightness and sealing between the top cover 3 and the chassis 1. Simultaneously, the top cover 3 is connected to the internal iron core winding and its supporting structure via the top frame 81. The base frame 88 is fixedly connected to the top frame 81 via the vertical frame 87 and supports the winding 85 via the tray 811. The pawl 911 in the mounting assembly engages with the ratchet 96, helping to restrict the downward movement of the base frame 88 and maintaining the internal iron core winding in its appropriate assembly state.
[0036] When maintenance of winding 85 is required, the transformer is first de-energized, and the corresponding electrical connections are disconnected. Then, hoisting equipment is used to support the top cover 3 and its connected internal components. Workers release the fastening bolts 75 from the contact ring 73, allowing the lifting frame 71 to return to its original position under the elastic return action of spring 74. The push rod 72 then engages with the inclined slot of the guide frame 78, causing the translation frame 77 to move the fastening strip 79 towards the inside of the chassis 1. After confirming that the fastening strip 79 has exited below the extension edge and no longer obstructs the separation of the top cover 3 from the chassis 1, the top cover 3 and its connected internal components are removed from the chassis 1 using hoisting equipment to facilitate the subsequent disassembly and maintenance of winding 85. When disassembling winding 85, the bolt connection between the base frame 88 and the vertical frame 87 is released, and the pawl 911 is disengaged from the ratchet 96 by pulling the movable frame 97, allowing the base frame 88 to move downwards under external support. As the base frame 88 releases its support from the pallet 811, the winding 85, under its own weight, pushes the pallet 811 and the lifting frame 810 downwards. The lifting frame 810 drives the rotating shaft 814 and the deceleration rod 815 to rotate via the pull rope 818. Utilizing the resistance generated by the shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid within the fixed shell 812 on the deceleration rod 815, the rapid rotation of the rotating shaft 814 is limited, thereby slowing the descent speed of the winding 85. This allows the winding 85 to descend in a controlled manner, reducing the risk of collision and insulation damage caused by sudden drops. After the winding 85 is reinstalled in the appropriate position, the bolts between the base frame 88 and the vertical frame 87 are retightened, restoring the internal core winding and its supporting structure to their assembled state. Subsequently, the top cover 3 and its connected internal components are repositioned into the chassis 1 using hoisting equipment. The fastening bolts 75 then cause the contact ring 73 and the fastening strip 79 to re-form a tight fit with the extended edge of the chassis 1, restoring the tightness and sealing relationship between the top cover 3 and the chassis 1.
[0037] Thus, through the top cover 3 and its connected internal support structure, the fastening components, auxiliary components and installation components play their respective roles in normal operation, disassembly and maintenance and reinstallation. The operation is connected through the common winding support and lifting structure, forming a complete assembly and maintenance process from releasing the whole machine fastening, the winding is lowered in a controlled manner, the winding is raised and locked step by step to restore the whole machine fastening and sealing.
[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution, comprising a chassis (1), heat dissipation fins (2) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the chassis (1), a top cover (3) provided on the top of the chassis (1), a plurality of high voltage terminals (4) fixedly connected to the top of the top cover (3), a plurality of low voltage terminals (5) fixedly connected to the top of the top cover (3), and an oil conservator (6) fixedly connected to the top of the chassis (1), characterized in that, The top cover (3) is provided with fastening components and auxiliary components, and the top of the inner wall of the chassis (1) is provided with an extension edge; The fastening assembly includes a lifting frame (71) slidably connected to the top cover (3), a pushing rod (72) and an abutment ring (73) fixedly connected to the lifting frame (71), the abutment ring (73) being connected to the chassis (1) by fastening bolts (75), a translation frame (77) slidably connected to the bottom of the top cover (3) via a groove block (76), a guide frame (78) and a fastening strip (79) being connected to the translation frame (77), the pushing rod (72) and the guide frame (78) being slidably engaged to drive the fastening strip (79) to abut against the extended edge of the top of the inner wall of the chassis (1); The auxiliary components include two top frames (81) fixedly connected to the bottom of the top cover (3). The top frame (81) is connected to the upper iron core (82) and the vertical frame (87). The bottom of the vertical frame (87) is detachably connected to the base frame (88). The vertical frame (87) is slidably connected to the lifting frame (810). The bottom of the lifting frame (810) is fixedly connected to the tray (811). The tray (811) is placed with the winding (85). The bottom of the tray (811) is in contact with the top of the base frame (88). The two top frames (81) are fixedly connected to the side away from each other with a fixed shell (812). Each fixed shell (812) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (814). Each rotating shaft (814) is provided with a slowing rod (815) and a pull rope (818). The pull rope (818) is connected to the lifting frame (810). The top frame (81) is provided with an installation component. The mounting assembly includes a toothed plate (91) connected to the base frame (88) and a lifting plate (92) connected to the top frame (81). The toothed plate (91) and the lifting plate (92) are slidably connected. A fixed plate (93) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (92). A gear (95) that meshes with the toothed plate (91) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (93) via a rotating rod (94). A ratchet (96) is fixedly connected to each side of the gear (95) on the rotating rod (94). A pawl (911) that engages with the ratchet (96) is provided on the fixed plate (93) to allow the base frame (88) to move upward and to restrict the base frame (88) from descending in the opposite direction.
2. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting frame (71) is provided in four sets, each set including two lifting frames (71). The two lifting frames (71) in each set are fixedly connected to a push rod (72). The multiple sets of lifting frames (71) are connected to a contact ring (73). Multiple springs (74) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top cover (3). The ends of the multiple springs (74) away from the top cover (3) are fixedly connected to the lifting frames (71). Multiple mounting holes are evenly opened on the top of the housing (1). Holes are opened on the contact ring (73). The fastening bolts (75) are made of screws. The fastening bolt (75) consists of a nail and a nut. The screw of the fastening bolt (75) passes through the hole of the contact ring (73) from top to bottom and then through the mounting hole of the chassis (1). The nut of the fastening bolt (75) is threadedly connected to the end of the screw that passes through the mounting hole of the chassis (1). There are four groups of slot blocks (76), with two slot blocks (76) forming a group. The two slot blocks (76) in each group are located on the opposite side of the two lifting frames (71) in each group. The guide frame (78) has a slanted groove. The top of the fastening strip (79) is fixedly connected with an elastically deformable rubber pad.
3. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary components also include three vertical iron cores (83) fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper iron core (82), and a lower iron core (84) is provided at the bottom of the three vertical iron cores (83). There are three windings (85), and the three windings (85) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the corresponding vertical iron cores (83). Two upper frames (86) are fixedly connected between the two top frames (81). The two upper frames (86) fix the upper iron core (82) between the two top frames (81). A set of vertical bars (87) is fixedly connected to the two top frames (81) by bolts. There are two sets of four vertical bars (87). There are two base frames (88). The two base frames (88) are respectively installed at the bottom of the two sets of vertical bars (87). Two lower frames (89) are fixedly connected between the two base frames (88). The two lower frames (89) fix the lower iron core (84) between the two base frames (88).
4. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary components also include lifting frames (810) that are slidably connected between the two vertical bars (87). There are three lifting frames (810) and three trays (811) that correspond to each other. The bottom of each lifting frame (810) is fixedly connected to a tray (811). The interior of each fixed shell (812) is fixedly connected to two partition plates (813). There are multiple retarders (815). Multiple retarders (815) are fixedly connected to both ends of each rotating shaft (814). The outer surface of each rotating shaft (814) is fixedly connected to two protruding plates (816). The outer surface of each rotating shaft (814) is fitted with two torsion springs (817). The two ends of each torsion spring (817) are fixedly connected to the protruding plate (816) and the partition plate (813) respectively.
5. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower iron core (84) is detachably mounted at the bottom of the three vertical iron cores (83). The upper surface of the lower iron core (84) abuts against the bottom of the three vertical iron cores (83) to form a closed magnetic circuit. A circular hole is provided on each tray (811). The bottom of each winding (85) abuts against the upper surface of the corresponding tray (811). Two partition plates (813) divide the interior of the fixed shell (812) into three spaces. A rotating hole is provided in the middle of each partition plate (813) for the shaft (814) to pass through. The rotating shaft (814) of each partition plate (813) has a rotating hole in its center. A seal is provided between the hole and the rotating shaft (814) to form a sealed liquid storage space on both sides of the fixed shell (812). The space on both sides of the fixed shell (812) stores a shear-thickening non-Newtonian fluid. The torsion spring (817) has a preload in the initial state. A through hole is provided at the bottom of each fixed shell (812). The pull rope (818) passes through the through hole of the fixed shell (812) from top to bottom. One end of each pull rope (818) passing through the through hole of the fixed shell (812) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the adjacent lifting frame (810).
6. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting assembly also includes a movable frame (97) that is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed plate (93). Both ends of the movable frame (97) are fixedly connected to springs two (98). The end of spring two (98) away from the movable frame (97) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting plate (92). Two movable slots (99) are provided on the movable frame (97). A set of springs three (910) is fixedly connected inside the two movable slots (99). The springs three (910) are in pairs. Multiple pawls (911) are provided. Each pawl (911) is fixedly connected to a set of adjacent springs three (910).
7. The oil-immersed transformer for high and low voltage power transmission and distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both toothed plates (91) have protruding teeth on the surface facing the lifting plate (92). The gear (95) meshes with the protruding teeth of the toothed plate (91). The outer side of the fixed plate (93) is provided with a T-shaped strip. The inner side of the movable frame (97) is provided with a T-shaped groove that matches the T-shaped strip of the fixed plate (93). The pawl (911) slides inside the movable groove (99). The side of the pawl (911) away from the spring three (910) engages with an adjacent ratchet (96).