A safety protection device for lithium ion battery

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of battery safety, and discloses a safety protection device for lithium ion battery, which comprises a battery thickened shell and a battery cover plate, the battery cover plate is connected to the upper end of the battery thickened shell, a safety valve is arranged in the middle part of the battery cover plate and is connected to the battery main reaction cavity, a press-in groove is symmetrically arranged in the bottom of the battery thickened shell, a starting hydraulic cylinder is vertically riveted in the press-in groove, a starting hydraulic rod is movably arranged in the starting hydraulic cylinder, and a pressure receiving block is fixed to the lower end of the starting hydraulic rod and is matched with the groove opening of the press-in groove. In the present application, a large space is provided for the gas at the bottom of the valve body to directly flow to the main exhaust flow channel, so that the purpose of heavy pressure and quick exhaust is achieved, the whole battery exhaust system is double-protected, the safety in use is improved, and the two sealing rings in the gas path can also solve the problem of gas backflow caused by the failure of the single sealing ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery safety technology, and in particular to a safety protection device for lithium-ion batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable batteries that store and release electrical energy by having lithium ions intercalate and deintercalate between the positive and negative electrodes. Due to their significant advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and lack of memory effect, their market share in electric vehicles, especially electric bicycles, has been increasing year by year. Although lithium-ion batteries are a definite future direction for electric vehicles, the current market is in a period of turbulent adjustment, with safety, cost, and policy factors interacting and intersecting. Substantial breakthroughs in the technological development of lithium-ion batteries are needed.

[0003] Current lithium-ion batteries have several technical shortcomings in use. First, a surge in internal battery pressure is a precursor to thermal runaway, but existing safety valves typically only have one opening threshold. By the time the pressure reaches that threshold, the battery is already close to running out of control. Therefore, the problem of thermal runaway caused by gas accumulation needs to be addressed. Furthermore, a single pressure relief channel is prone to backflow due to damage to the valve seal. Second, current batteries rely excessively on electrical signals, BMS (Battery Management System) decisions, and software systems to achieve emergency circuit breaking. However, in emergency conditions, especially severe collisions, the battery's electronic systems may fail first or be delayed. The new national standard for electric vehicle safety, which will be officially implemented in July 2026, also guides us to quickly address the issue of reliance on software and electronic signals through technological improvements.

[0004] In summary, considering that existing facilities cannot meet the needs of work, we propose a safety protection device for lithium-ion batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a safety protection device for lithium-ion batteries, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A lithium-ion battery safety protection device includes a thickened battery casing and a battery cover plate. The battery cover plate is connected to the upper end of the thickened battery casing, and a safety valve connected to the main reaction chamber of the battery is provided in the inner part of the middle of the battery cover plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, wherein: the bottom of the thickened battery shell is symmetrically provided with pressing grooves, a starting hydraulic cylinder is vertically riveted in the pressing groove, a starting hydraulic rod is movably arranged downward inside the starting hydraulic cylinder, a pressure block adapted to the opening of the pressing groove is fixed at the lower end of the starting hydraulic rod, and a capillary oil pipe is horizontally connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the starting hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, the thickened battery shell has inner grooves on both sides, and an actuating hydraulic cylinder is rotatably installed inside the inner groove. A connector is installed at the bottom inlet and outlet of the actuating hydraulic cylinder, and a hose is connected between the connector and the capillary oil tube. Short shafts are welded on both sides of the actuating hydraulic cylinder, and there are two sets of short shafts. The short shafts are installed at the lower middle position of the actuating hydraulic cylinder. Hinged bearing seats for inserting the short shafts are installed on both sides of the inner groove, and there are two sets of hinged bearing seats. A support frame for supporting the horizontally positioned actuating hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the groove opening of the inner groove.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, wherein: an actuating hydraulic rod is movably arranged upward inside the actuating hydraulic cylinder, a slot is provided at the upper end of the actuating hydraulic rod, an external threaded adjusting cylinder is vertically fastened and fixed in the slot, a limiting movable groove is provided upward inside the external threaded adjusting cylinder, a connecting column is movably arranged outward inside the limiting movable groove, a fastening wheel is mounted on the upper end of the connecting column via a wheel frame, the fastening wheel abuts against the battery compartment wall by moving downward, a guide block is fixed at the upper position inside the inner groove, and an arc portion is provided on the outer surface of the guide block that interacts with the fastening wheel.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, wherein: a number of spring guide rods are evenly inserted around the outer side of the connecting column, the number of spring guide rods is preferably 2-4; the interior of the limiting movable groove is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting waist hole for the spring guide rods to pass through; the outer side of the external thread adjusting cylinder is provided with an external thread at the lower position; a hand-adjusting threaded sleeve is provided in contact with the outer side of the external thread; and a tension spring is provided between the hand-adjusting threaded sleeve and the number of spring guide rods, which is sleeved on the outer side of the external thread adjusting cylinder.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, the external threaded adjusting cylinder is connected to a protective shell on the outside by a number of sets of reinforcing ribs, and the number of the reinforcing ribs is preferably 2-3 sets.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, the battery cover is provided with two sets of positive and negative terminals on both sides.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, a safety circuit breaker box is installed on the lower outer side of the actuating hydraulic cylinder. An inertial mass block is movably arranged inside the safety circuit breaker box. An auxiliary linear track frame is arranged on both sides of the inertial mass block. A sliding groove is opened on the upper end face of the inertial mass block, and the sliding groove allows a positioning frame to partially extend into it. The positioning frame is horizontally installed on the top of the safety circuit breaker box. A first permanent magnet is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inertial mass block, and a second permanent magnet is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the auxiliary linear track frame. The N poles of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are arranged opposite each other. There are two sets of both the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, wherein: a pin is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the inertial mass block, and a pinhole for the pin to pass through is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the safety circuit breaker box.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, a self-sealing valve that interacts with the pin is installed on the groove wall of the inner groove, and the pin extends through the self-sealing valve into the battery housing and forms electrical contact with the high-voltage busbar terminal inside the housing.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, the safety valve includes a valve body and a flow guide. The flow guide has a flow guide cavity inside, and a first sealing groove is provided at the upper end of the flow guide cavity. A sensitive valve core is movably disposed in the first sealing groove. The sensitive valve core is connected to the bottom middle position of a secondary valve core by means of a sensitive spring.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, the secondary valve core is movably disposed in the second sealing groove. The upper end face of the secondary valve core is inserted into the inside of the rod sleeve by a piston rod at the middle position. The rod sleeve is fixed at the top middle position of the valve body. A tension spring sleeved on the outside of the piston rod is provided between the secondary valve core and the rod sleeve. A sealing plate is provided on the side of the secondary valve core. A main exhaust flow channel that interacts with the sealing plate is opened on the side wall of the second sealing groove. An exhaust pipe extending out of the outside of the valve body is connected to the upper end of the main exhaust flow channel.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the lithium-ion battery safety protection device of the present invention, wherein: an annular sealing groove is formed on the lower end face of the secondary valve core and outside the sensitive spring, the annular sealing groove is for the upper end of the annular partition to be inserted, the lower end of the annular partition is fixed to the upper end of the first sealing groove near the outer position, a temporary gas storage cavity is formed between the annular partition and the valve wall of the valve body, an auxiliary exhaust channel is formed between the first sealing groove and the temporary gas storage cavity, the lower end of the auxiliary exhaust channel is located on the groove wall of the first sealing groove, and the upper end of the auxiliary exhaust channel is located on the cavity wall of the temporary gas storage cavity.

[0019] This invention provides an improved safety protection device for lithium-ion batteries, which has the following significant improvements and advantages compared with the prior art: (1) When slight gas expansion occurs in the reaction chamber, some gas uses gas pressure to open the sensitive valve core, allowing some waste gas to enter the auxiliary exhaust channel. Then, it enters the temporary gas storage chamber for temporary storage along the auxiliary exhaust channel. When the waste gas in the storage chamber accumulates to a certain extent, it directly acts on the secondary valve core, causing the secondary valve core to move slightly upward along the second sealing groove. A small gap is leaked at the sealing plate position, allowing the gas in the temporary gas storage chamber to enter the main exhaust channel and be discharged outward from the exhaust pipe, thus avoiding thermal runaway caused by gas accumulation and achieving the effect of early intervention.

[0020] (2) When a large amount of gas is generated in the reaction chamber and thermal runaway occurs, the instantaneous gas pressure will directly push open the sensitive valve core and reach the maximum compression of the sensitive spring. The gas pressure continues to act on the secondary valve core, causing the secondary valve core to move upward along the second sealing groove for a distance. A large space is leaked at the sealing plate position so that the gas at the bottom of the valve body can be directly discharged towards the main exhaust channel, achieving the purpose of heavy pressure and fast discharge. This provides the entire battery exhaust system with dual protection measures, improving the safety of use. The gas path has two sealing rings, which also solves the problem of gas backflow caused by the failure of a single sealing ring.

[0021] (3) The start hydraulic rod retracts upward, squeezing the hydraulic oil in the start hydraulic cylinder into the inside of the actuator hydraulic cylinder. After the actuator hydraulic cylinder is filled with oil, the actuator hydraulic rod extends upward. The actuator hydraulic rod drives the fastening wheel to move upward and roll along the arc. The actuator hydraulic cylinder rotates around the two sets of hinge bearing seats to a horizontal state, and uses the elastic extension and contraction of the symmetrical fastening wheel to abut against the inner wall of the battery compartment to form an elastic lock, which solves the problem of slight shaking of the battery due to the gap and improves the shock resistance.

[0022] (4) When the battery is placed in the compartment and encounters a violent impact, the hydraulic cylinder is in a horizontal state. Due to the excessive external force, the inertial mass block accelerates and continues to move outward against the force of magnetic repulsion. The pin passes through the pin hole and the self-sealing valve and then extends into the battery casing to form an electrical contact with the high voltage busbar terminal inside the casing, thus starting the physical circuit break of the high voltage circuit and performing the residual charge discharge action. Compared with the electronic high voltage circuit break structure, the mechanical circuit break structure has a significantly increased triggering probability, high immediacy, and improves the safety of battery use. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the safety valve of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the safety valve of the present invention from one direction; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the safety valve of the present invention from another direction; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the annular partition of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the thickened battery casing of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal groove structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the starting hydraulic cylinder and the actuating hydraulic cylinder of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the hydraulic cylinder used in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the external thread adjusting cylinder of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the safety circuit breaker box of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the safety circuit breaker box of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Thickened battery casing; 2. Battery cover; 3. Terminal post; 4. Safety valve; 10. Valve body; 11. Drainage section; 12. Drainage chamber; 13. First sealing groove; 14. Sensitive valve core; 15. Sensitive spring; 16. Secondary valve core; 20. Second sealing groove; 21. Piston rod; 22. Rod sleeve; 23. Tension spring; 24. Sealing plate; 25. Main exhaust channel; 26. Exhaust pipe; 30. Annular sealing groove; 31. Annular partition; 32. Temporary gas storage chamber; 33. Auxiliary exhaust channel; 40. Press-in groove; 41. Activating hydraulic cylinder; 42. Activating hydraulic rod; 43. Pressure block; 44. Capillary oil tube; 45. Hose; 50. Inner groove; 51. Actuating hydraulic cylinder; 52. Connector; 53. Short shaft; 54. Hinge bearing seat; 55. Support frame; 56. Guide block; 57. Arc part; 60. Slot; 61. External thread adjusting cylinder; 62. Limiting movable groove; 63. Connecting column; 64. Wheel frame; 65. Fastening wheel; 66. Spring guide rod; 67. Actuating hydraulic rod; 70. Strip-shaped adjusting waist hole; 71. Tension spring; 72. External thread; 73. Manually adjusting threaded sleeve; 74. Protective shell; 80. Safety circuit breaker box; 81. Inertial mass block; 82. Auxiliary linear track frame; 83. Slide groove; 84. Positioning frame; 85. First permanent magnet; 86. Second permanent magnet; 87. Pin; 88. Pinhole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1-11 As shown, this embodiment provides a lithium-ion battery safety protection device, including a thickened battery casing 1 and a battery cover plate 2. The battery cover plate 2 is connected to the upper end of the thickened battery casing 1, and a safety valve 4 connected to the main reaction chamber of the battery is provided in the middle of the inner part of the battery cover plate 2.

[0027] Specifically, the safety valve 4 includes a valve body 10 and a flow outlet 11, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0028] The drainage section 11 has a drainage cavity 12 inside, and a first sealing groove 13 is provided at the upper end of the drainage cavity 12. A sensitive valve core 14 is movably disposed in the first sealing groove 13. The sensitive valve core 14 slides in contact with the first sealing groove 13 through the outer sealing ring. The sensitive valve core 14 is connected to the bottom middle position of the secondary valve core 16 by a sensitive spring 15. Figures 2-5 As shown.

[0029] Furthermore, the secondary valve core 16 is movably disposed within the second sealing groove 20. The secondary valve core 16 slides in contact with the second sealing groove 20 via the outer sealing ring. The piston rod 21 is inserted into the rod sleeve 22 at the middle position of the upper end face of the secondary valve core 16. The rod sleeve 22 serves as a limiting and guiding element and is fixed at the top middle position of the valve body 10. A tension spring 23, sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 21, is provided between the secondary valve core 16 and the rod sleeve 22. The tension spring 23 ensures that the secondary valve core 16 is at the bottom of the second sealing groove 20 in its natural state, and the main exhaust passage 25 is completely sealed by the sealing plate 24. Figures 2-5 As shown.

[0030] The secondary valve core 16 has a sealing plate 24 on its side, and the second sealing groove 20 has a main exhaust channel 25 that interacts with the sealing plate 24 on its side wall. The upper end of the main exhaust channel 25 is connected to an exhaust pipe 26 that extends out of the valve body 10. Figures 3-5 As shown.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular sealing groove 30 is formed on the lower end face of the secondary valve core 16, located outside the sensitive spring 15. The annular sealing groove 30 allows the upper end of the annular partition 31 to be inserted, and the two slide to seal. The lower end of the annular partition 31 is fixed to the upper outer position of the first sealing groove 13. A temporary air storage chamber 32 is formed between the annular partition 31 and the valve wall of the valve body 10. The top of the temporary air storage chamber 32 is formed by the lower end face of the secondary valve core 16. When the annular partition 31 is completely withdrawn from the annular sealing groove 30, the temporary air storage chamber 32 is in a fully open and closed state. Figures 3-5 As shown.

[0032] An auxiliary exhaust channel 33 is formed between the first sealing groove 13 and the temporary gas storage chamber 32. The flow rate of the auxiliary exhaust channel 33 is much smaller than that of the main exhaust channel 25. The lower end of the auxiliary exhaust channel 33 is located on the groove wall of the first sealing groove 13, and the upper end of the auxiliary exhaust channel 33 is located on the cavity wall of the temporary gas storage chamber 32. Figures 3-5 As shown.

[0033] The sensitive valve core 14, the secondary valve core 16, and the piston rod 21 are all initially made of lightweight non-metallic materials. The appropriate materials are selected based on the actual situation (with the balance and threshold of the primary and secondary exhaust processes as a reference).

[0034] In this embodiment, when slight gas expansion occurs in the reaction chamber (during daily operation), some gas uses gas pressure to push open the sensitive valve core 14. The sensitive valve core 14 slides upward from the first sealing groove 13, creating a gap that allows some waste gas to enter the auxiliary exhaust channel 33. Then, it enters the temporary gas storage chamber 32 along the auxiliary exhaust channel 33 for temporary storage (positive pressure flow). When the waste gas in the temporary gas storage chamber 32 accumulates to a certain extent, it directly acts positive pressure on the secondary valve core 16, causing the secondary valve core 16 to move slightly upward along the second sealing groove 20 (at this time, the upper end of the annular partition 31 is still in the annular sealing groove 30, and the temporary gas storage chamber 32 has not lost pressure). A small gap is created at the sealing plate 24 to allow the gas in the temporary gas storage chamber 32 to enter the main exhaust channel 25, achieving a balanced state, and then being discharged outward from the exhaust pipe 26, avoiding thermal runaway caused by gas accumulation.

[0035] When a large amount of gas is generated in the reaction chamber due to an unexpected situation, causing thermal runaway, the instantaneous gas pressure will directly push open the sensitive valve core 14 and reach the maximum compression of the sensitive spring 15. The gas pressure continues to act on the secondary valve core 16, causing the secondary valve core 16 to move upward along the second sealing groove 20 for a certain distance (at this time, the upper end of the annular partition 31 and the annular sealing groove 30 separate). A large space is leaked at the sealing plate 24 so that the gas at the bottom of the valve body 10 can be directly discharged towards the main exhaust channel 25, achieving the purpose of heavy pressure and fast discharge.

[0036] In this embodiment, the bottom of the thickened battery casing 1 is symmetrically provided with press-in grooves 40, and a starting hydraulic cylinder 41 is vertically riveted into the press-in grooves 40, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0037] The starting hydraulic cylinder 41 has a downwardly movable starting hydraulic rod 42 inside. The starting hydraulic rod 42 is positioned with low resistance inside the starting hydraulic cylinder 41. A pressure block 43, compatible with the opening of the pressing groove 40, is fixed to the lower end of the starting hydraulic rod 42. Capillary oil pipes 44 are horizontally connected to the inlet and outlet of the starting hydraulic cylinder 41. Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0038] Furthermore, the thickened battery casing 1 has internal grooves 50 on both sides, and an actuating hydraulic cylinder 51 is rotatably mounted inside the internal groove 50. A connector 52 is installed at the bottom inlet / outlet of the actuating hydraulic cylinder 51, and a hose 45 connects the connector 52 and the capillary oil tube 44. Figures 6-8 As shown.

[0039] The hydraulic cylinder 51 has short shafts 53 welded to both side walls. The short shafts 53 are positioned slightly below the center of the hydraulic cylinder 51. Hinged bearing seats 54 for inserting the short shafts 53 are installed on both side walls of the inner groove 50. A support frame 55 is fixed at the opening of the inner groove 50 to support the horizontally positioned hydraulic cylinder 51, providing support and balance. Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown.

[0040] Furthermore, an actuating hydraulic rod 67 is movably mounted upward inside the actuating hydraulic cylinder 51 (a return spring acting on the actuating hydraulic rod 67 can be installed inside the actuating hydraulic cylinder 51). A slot 60 is provided at the upper end of the actuating hydraulic rod 67, and an externally threaded adjusting cylinder 61 is vertically secured within the slot 60 (the snap-fit ​​connection is detachable). Figures 9-11 As shown.

[0041] Furthermore, the internal part of the external threaded adjusting cylinder 61 has an upwardly opening limiting groove 62. A connecting post 63 is movably mounted outwards inside the limiting groove 62. The connecting post 63 can linearly displace within one end of the limiting groove 62. A fastening wheel 65 is mounted on the upper end of the connecting post 63 via a wheel frame 64. The fastening wheel 65 abuts against the wall of the battery compartment by moving downwards. The design of the entire actuator structure needs to be adapted according to the size of the gap, such as... Figures 9-11 As shown.

[0042] A guide block 56 is fixed at the upper part of the inner groove 50, and the outer surface of the guide block 56 is provided with an arc-shaped part 57 that interacts with the fastening wheel 65. Figure 7 As shown.

[0043] In this embodiment, several sets of spring guide rods 66 are evenly inserted around the outer side of the connecting column 63. The inside of the limiting movable groove 62 is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting waist hole 70 for the spring guide rods 66 to pass through. The spring guide rods 66 can move up and down within the strip-shaped adjusting waist hole 70. An external thread 72 is provided at the lower position of the outer side of the external thread adjusting cylinder 61. A hand-adjusting threaded sleeve 73 is provided in contact with the outer side of the external thread 72. A tension spring 71 is provided between the hand-adjusting threaded sleeve 73 and the several sets of spring guide rods 66 and is sleeved on the outer side of the external thread adjusting cylinder 61.

[0044] Furthermore, the external threaded adjusting cylinder 61 utilizes several sets of reinforcing ribs to connect a protective shell 74 on its outer side, providing a protective function, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0045] Furthermore, two sets of positive and negative terminals 3 are provided on both sides of the battery cover 2, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0046] When the battery is smoothly placed into the battery compartment of an electric vehicle or other vehicle, the battery's own weight causes the two sets of pressure blocks 43 to be pressed into the grooves 40. During this process, the hydraulic rod 42 retracts upward (in its natural state, due to the fluidity of the liquid, the hydraulic rod 42 is always in the extended state). The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 41 is squeezed and injected into the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51 through the capillary oil tube 44 and the hose 45. This causes the actuator hydraulic rod 67 to extend upward after the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51, which is in a vertical position, is filled with oil. The actuator hydraulic rod 67 drives the fastening wheel 65 to contact the guide block 56 during its upward movement. The cylinder rolls along the arc 57, and the entire actuator begins to tilt outward. Combined with the eccentric bending moment caused by the flow of hydraulic oil in the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51, and the increased weight of the upper part of the actuator after oil injection (divided into the upper and lower parts of the actuator with the hinge point as the dividing line, the oil passage of the upper part of the actuator is longer than that of the lower part of the actuator), the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51 rotates around the two sets of hinge bearing seats 54 to a horizontal state, and uses the elastic extension and contraction of the symmetrical fastening wheels 65 to abut against the inner wall of the battery compartment, forming an elastic lock and a static balance state, solving the problem of slight shaking of the battery due to gaps.

[0047] When the battery is removed, the hydraulic oil flows towards the lower-lying pipeline. As a result, the hydraulic oil in the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51 flows back to the start hydraulic cylinder 41 through the hose 45 and capillary oil pipe 44. The actuator hydraulic rod 67 begins to retract. As the upper part of the actuator loses more oil (the lower part of the actuator is heavier), the actuator hydraulic cylinder 51 becomes unbalanced and begins to flip around the two sets of hinged bearing seats 54 until it returns to its original position.

[0048] During adjustment, before placing the battery, tighten the manual adjustment sleeve 73 to rotate it along the external thread adjustment cylinder 61, thereby moving it up and down. This will compress or relax the tension spring 71, changing the force exerted by the tension spring 71 on the spring guide rod 66. This will adjust the elastic force between the connecting column 63 and the fastening wheel 65, solving the problem of insecure fixing caused by differences in gap size.

[0049] Furthermore, considering the need for a simplified battery casing, some structural elements can be replaced with existing ones to meet production, sales, and usage standards.

[0050] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the current battery relies on electrical signals, BMS (Battery Management System) decisions, and software systems to achieve emergency circuit breaking. However, in emergency situations, especially severe collisions, the battery's electronic system may fail first (due to broken wiring or deformed connectors inducing short circuits), thus preventing subsequent emergency circuit breaking operations and creating a safety hazard. To address this issue, we install a safety circuit breaker box 80 on the lower outer side of the hydraulic cylinder 51. Figures 12-13 As shown.

[0051] In this embodiment, an inertial mass block 81 is movably disposed inside the safety circuit breaker box 80. The inertial mass block 81 is made of high-density alloy, and its specific size is designed according to the battery situation. Auxiliary linear track frames 82 are provided on both sides of the inertial mass block 81 to play a limiting and guiding role. A sliding groove 83 is opened on the upper end surface of the inertial mass block 81. The sliding groove 83 allows the positioning frame 84 to partially extend into it. The positioning frame 84 is horizontally installed on the top of the safety circuit breaker box 80 to play a limiting and guiding role.

[0052] The inertial mass block 81 is symmetrically provided with first permanent magnets 85 on both sides, and the auxiliary linear track frame 82 is symmetrically provided with second permanent magnets 86 on both sides. The second permanent magnets 86 are tilted to achieve the effect of increasing repulsive force. The N poles of the first permanent magnets 85 and the second permanent magnets 86 are arranged opposite each other.

[0053] Furthermore, a pin 87 is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the inertial mass block 81, and a pinhole 88 is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the safety circuit breaker box 80 for the pin 87 to pass through.

[0054] Furthermore, a self-sealing valve that interacts with the pin 87 is installed on the groove wall of the inner groove 50. The pin 87 passes through the self-sealing valve and extends into the battery housing to form electrical contact with the high-voltage busbar terminal inside the housing.

[0055] In the first scenario, when the battery is not in place, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is in a vertical position, and the pin 87 is away from the self-closing valve area. No matter how the pin 87 moves, it will not trigger an emergency circuit break.

[0056] In the second scenario, when the battery is placed inside the compartment (when the electric vehicle is parked or being ridden normally), the hydraulic cylinder 41 is in a horizontal position, and the pin 87 and the self-sealing valve are aligned. When there is no external shaking force or the force is small, the inertial mass block 81 moves slowly on the auxiliary linear track frame 82. It cannot overcome the magnetic repulsion force at the position of the second permanent magnet 86 and continues to move outward, and will not trigger an emergency circuit breaker.

[0057] In the third scenario, when the battery is placed inside the compartment and encounters a violent impact, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is in a horizontal position. Due to the excessive force of the external impact, the inertial mass block 81 accelerates according to the principle of inertia, and continues to move outward against the force of magnetic repulsion (since the two sets of safety circuit breakers 80 are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the battery, the inertial mass block 81 moves in the same direction, so one set will always trigger the above movement). The pin 87 passes through the pin hole 88 and the self-sealing valve, and then extends into the battery casing to form an electrical contact with the high-voltage busbar terminal inside the casing, thus initiating the physical circuit break of the high-voltage circuit and performing the residual charge discharge action.

[0058] All structural components disclosed in the embodiments need to be adjusted in size and shape according to the actual installation environment, and are not limited to the styles disclosed in the drawings. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device, comprising a thickened battery casing (1) and a battery cover (2), characterized in that: The battery cover (2) is connected to the upper end of the thickened battery shell (1). Two sets of positive and negative pole posts (3) are provided on both sides of the battery cover (2). A safety valve (4) connected to the main reaction chamber of the battery is provided in the middle of the battery cover (2). The safety valve (4) includes a valve body (10) and a drain section (11). The drain section (11) has a drain cavity (12) inside. The upper end of the drain cavity (12) is provided with a first sealing groove (13). A sensitive valve core (14) is movably disposed in the first sealing groove (13). The sensitive valve core (14) is connected to the bottom middle position of the second-stage valve core (16) by means of a sensitive spring (15). The secondary valve core (16) is movably disposed in the second sealing groove (20). The upper end face of the secondary valve core (16) is inserted into the inside of the rod sleeve (22) by means of the piston rod (21). The rod sleeve (22) is fixed at the top middle position of the valve body (10). A tension spring (23) sleeved on the outside of the piston rod (21) is provided between the secondary valve core (16) and the rod sleeve (22). A sealing plate (24) is provided on the side of the secondary valve core (16). A main exhaust channel (25) that interacts with the sealing plate (24) is opened on the side wall of the second sealing groove (20). An exhaust pipe (26) extending out of the valve body (10) is connected to the upper end of the main exhaust channel (25). The lower end face of the secondary valve core (16) and the outer side of the sensitive spring (15) are provided with an annular sealing groove (30). The annular sealing groove (30) is for the upper end of the annular partition (31) to be inserted. The lower end of the annular partition (31) is fixed to the upper end of the first sealing groove (13) at the outer position. A temporary air storage chamber (32) is formed between the annular partition (31) and the valve wall of the valve body (10). An auxiliary exhaust channel (33) is formed between the first sealing groove (13) and the temporary air storage chamber (32). The lower end of the auxiliary exhaust channel (33) is located on the groove wall of the first sealing groove (13), and the upper end of the auxiliary exhaust channel (33) is located on the cavity wall of the temporary air storage chamber (32).

2. The lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the thickened battery casing (1) is symmetrically provided with a pressing groove (40). A starting hydraulic cylinder (41) is vertically riveted in the pressing groove (40). A starting hydraulic rod (42) is movably arranged downward inside the starting hydraulic cylinder (41). A pressure block (43) that matches the opening of the pressing groove (40) is fixed at the lower end of the starting hydraulic rod (42). A capillary oil pipe (44) is horizontally connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the starting hydraulic cylinder (41).

3. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickened battery casing (1) has inner grooves (50) on both sides. An actuating hydraulic cylinder (51) is rotatably installed inside the inner groove (50). A connector (52) is installed at the bottom oil inlet and outlet of the actuating hydraulic cylinder (51). A hose (45) is connected between the connector (52) and the capillary oil tube (44).

4. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Short shafts (53) are welded to both sides of the hydraulic cylinder (51). The short shafts (53) are installed in the lower middle part of the hydraulic cylinder (51). Hinged bearing seats (54) for inserting the short shafts (53) are installed on both sides of the inner groove (50). A support frame (55) for supporting the hydraulic cylinder (51) in a horizontal state is fixed at the groove opening of the inner groove (50).

5. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (51) is equipped with an upwardly movable hydraulic rod (67) inside. The upper end of the hydraulic rod (67) is provided with a slot (60). An external threaded adjusting cylinder (61) is vertically fastened in the slot (60). The external threaded adjusting cylinder (61) is provided with an upwardly movable limiting groove (62) inside. A connecting column (63) is provided outwardly inside the limiting groove (62). A fastening wheel (65) is installed on the upper end of the connecting column (63) through a wheel frame (64).

6. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fastening wheel (65) moves downward and abuts against the wall of the battery compartment. A guide block (56) is fixed at the upper part of the inner groove (50). The outer surface of the guide block (56) is provided with an arc part (57) that interacts with the fastening wheel (65).

7. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several sets of spring guide rods (66) are evenly inserted around the outer side of the connecting column (63). The inside of the limiting movable groove (62) is provided with a strip-shaped adjusting waist hole (70) for the spring guide rods (66) to pass through. The outer side of the external thread adjusting cylinder (61) is provided with an external thread (72) at a lower position. A hand-adjusting thread sleeve (73) is provided on the outside of the external thread (72). A tension spring (71) is provided between the hand-adjusting thread sleeve (73) and the several sets of spring guide rods (66) and is sleeved on the outside of the external thread adjusting cylinder (61).

8. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A safety circuit breaker box (80) is installed on the lower outer side of the hydraulic cylinder (51). An inertial mass block (81) is movably arranged inside the safety circuit breaker box (80). An auxiliary linear track frame (82) is arranged on both sides of the inertial mass block (81). A sliding groove (83) is opened on the upper end surface of the inertial mass block (81). The sliding groove (83) allows a partial extension of the positioning frame (84). The positioning frame (84) is horizontally installed on the top of the safety circuit breaker box (80).

9. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inertial mass block (81) is symmetrically provided with first permanent magnets (85) on both sides, and the auxiliary linear track frame (82) is symmetrically provided with second permanent magnets (86) on both sides. The second permanent magnets (86) are in a tilted state, and the N poles of the two sets of first permanent magnets (85) and second permanent magnets (86) are respectively arranged opposite to each other.

10. A lithium-ion battery safety protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pin (87) is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the inertial mass block (81). A pin hole (88) for the pin (87) to pass through is provided at the middle position of the front end face of the safety circuit breaker box (80). A self-sealing valve that interacts with the pin (87) is installed on the groove wall of the inner groove (50). The pin (87) passes through the self-sealing valve and extends into the battery housing and forms electrical contact with the high voltage busbar terminal inside the housing.

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