A dustproof and waterproof self-adaptive regulation and control integrated system of an outdoor box-type substation

Abstract

The application discloses a dustproof and waterproof self-adaptive regulation and control integrated system of an outdoor box-type transformer substation, which comprises a box body provided with a first heat dissipation hole, a first filter screen, a first protection assembly, a cleaning assembly, a controller and a sensor electrically connected with the controller. The first filter screen is arranged in the first heat dissipation hole. The first protection assembly comprises a first driving member, a cover plate and a filter, and the first protection assembly is arranged in the interior of the box body, and the cover plate and the filter are respectively installed on the output shaft of the first driving member. The cleaning assembly is arranged opposite to the first filter screen. The first driving member and the cleaning assembly are electrically connected with the controller. The controller controls the first driving member to drive the filter to be connected with the first heat dissipation hole, or to drive the cover plate to cover the first heat dissipation hole, or to drive the filter and the cover plate to be separated from the first heat dissipation hole based on the information detected by the sensor. The controller controls the cleaning assembly to clean the first filter screen based on the information detected by the sensor. The transformer substation has the functions of self-adaptively preventing dust and water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of outdoor prefabricated substation technology, and particularly to an integrated dustproof, waterproof, adaptive control system for outdoor prefabricated substations. Background Technology

[0002] A prefabricated substation, also known as a prefabricated transformer substation, is a factory-prefabricated, compact indoor / outdoor power distribution unit that integrates high-voltage switchgear, distribution transformers, and low-voltage distribution equipment according to a specific wiring scheme. It organically combines transformer voltage reduction and low-voltage power distribution functions, all housed in a movable steel structure box. Particularly suitable for urban power grid construction and renovation, it represents a new type of substation that has emerged after traditional civil engineering substations. Prefabricated substations are suitable for mines, factories, oil and gas fields, and wind power stations. Often installed outdoors, they replace traditional civil engineering substations and distribution rooms, becoming a new type of complete power distribution system.

[0003] Outdoor prefabricated substations, due to the electrical equipment installed inside, often require adequate ventilation and heat dissipation. Existing outdoor prefabricated substations typically have an air inlet at the lower part of the enclosure and an exhaust vent at the higher part, with a fan installed at the exhaust vent for ventilation and heat dissipation. However, the presence of the air inlet and exhaust vent allows moisture and dust particles from the external environment to enter the enclosure, adversely affecting the internal electrical equipment. To address this issue, existing technologies have used filters at the air inlet and exhaust vents to prevent dust particles from entering the enclosure, and louvers to further enhance dust and water resistance. However, this method is not very effective at preventing dust and water damage, and dust particles easily accumulate on the filters, clogging them and hindering airflow at the air inlet, thus affecting ventilation and heat dissipation.

[0004] In addition, some outdoor prefabricated substations use louvers that can be opened and closed. When the concentration of dust particles or humidity in the external environment is high, the louvers are closed to achieve the purpose of dust and water protection. However, this method cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of ventilation and heat dissipation as well as dust and water protection, and the degree of self-adaptive dust and water protection is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an integrated dustproof and waterproof adaptive control system for outdoor prefabricated substations to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes an integrated dustproof and waterproof adaptive control system for outdoor prefabricated substations, comprising: The enclosure has a first heat dissipation hole and a second heat dissipation hole; A first filter screen and a second filter screen are respectively disposed in the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole; A first protective component, comprising a first driving element, a cover plate, and a filter, is disposed inside the housing, with the cover plate and the filter respectively mounted on the output shaft of the first driving element; A negative pressure device, wherein the negative pressure device is disposed inside the second heat dissipation hole; A cleaning component is disposed outside the housing and opposite to the first filter screen; Controller; A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust particle sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor are electrically connected to the controller, respectively. The temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are located inside the housing, while the humidity sensor, the dust particle sensor, and the second pressure sensor are located outside the housing. The negative pressure device, the first driving component, and the cleaning component are electrically connected to the controller. The first driving component is used to drive the filter and the cover plate to move so that the filter engages with the first heat dissipation hole; or, so that the cover plate covers the first heat dissipation hole; or, so that both the filter and the cover plate are disengaged from the first heat dissipation hole. The cleaning component is used to clean the first filter.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the first driving member is a first electric push rod, and the filter and the cover plate are respectively installed at the proximal end and the distal end of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first electric push rod is used to drive the filter and the cover plate to reciprocate along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. Specifically, when the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the first stroke, the cover plate seals the first heat dissipation hole; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, the filter connects to the first heat dissipation hole; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts back to its original position, both the filter and the cover plate disengage from the first heat dissipation hole; the second stroke is longer than the first stroke.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric actuator is perpendicular to the centerline of the first heat dissipation hole; The first protective component further includes a lifting frame, a connecting frame, a first fixed sleeve, a first movable sleeve, a first sealing plate, and several first elastic elements; the lifting frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right side plate and is arranged around the outside of the first heat dissipation hole; The first fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the connecting bracket. One end of the first fixing sleeve is connected to the filter, and the other end of the first fixing sleeve is set towards the right side plate and is provided with a first limiting part. A first limiting plate is fitted on the outer side of one end of the first movable sleeve. The first limiting plate slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first fixed sleeve, and the first limiting part is used to abut against the first limiting plate to restrict the first movable sleeve from coming out of the first fixed sleeve. The other end of the first movable sleeve faces the right side plate, and a first sealing plate is fitted on the outer side of this end. The outer side of the lifting frame is a first inclined surface, and the inner side is a second inclined surface. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the first movable sleeve facing the right side plate has a first chamfer. The first chamfer is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface and the slope of the second inclined surface. The first chamfer is used to slide and engage with the first inclined surface when the first movable sleeve moves towards the lifting frame to guide the first movable sleeve to move away from the lifting frame. The first chamfer is also used to slide and engage with the second inclined surface when the first movable sleeve moves away from the lifting frame to guide the first movable sleeve to move away from the lifting frame. Each of the first elastic elements has its two ends connected to the first fixed sleeve and the first limiting plate, respectively, for applying an elastic force toward the right side plate to the first movable sleeve; the first sealing plate is used to press against the lifting frame to form a seal when the first movable sleeve extends into the lifting frame.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the first protective assembly further includes a second fixing sleeve, a second sealing plate, and a plurality of second elastic elements; the second fixing sleeve is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first electric push rod via the connecting frame, one end of the second fixing sleeve is closed, and the other end of the second fixing sleeve is open and facing the right side plate and is provided with a second limiting part; A second limiting plate is fitted on the outer side of one end of the cover plate. The second limiting plate slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the second fixing sleeve, and the second limiting part is used to abut against the second limiting plate to prevent the cover plate from coming out of the second fixing sleeve. The other end of the cover plate faces the right side plate, and a second sealing plate is fitted on the outer side of this end. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the cover plate facing the right side plate has a second chamfer, which is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface. The second chamfer is used to slide with the first inclined surface when the cover plate moves towards the lifting frame, so as to guide the cover plate to move away from the lifting frame. The second chamfer is also used to slide with the second inclined surface when the cover plate moves away from the lifting frame, so as to guide the cover plate to move away from the lifting frame. Each of the first elastic elements has its two ends connected to the second fixing sleeve and the cover plate, respectively, for applying an elastic force toward the right side plate to the cover plate sleeve; the second sealing plate is used to press against the lifting frame to form a seal when the cover plate extends into the lifting frame.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the right side plate is provided with a first sliding groove, and the first protective component further includes a first slider, one end of which is mounted on the connecting frame, and the other end is slidably engaged with the first sliding groove.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning assembly includes a housing, an air pump, several air tubes, and several nozzles. The air pump is located inside the housing, and the several nozzles are installed on the outside of the housing and positioned opposite to the first filter screen. The several nozzles are connected to the air pump through several air tubes, and the air pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning assembly further includes a second drive, a third drive, and a brush. The second drive and the third drive are electrically connected to the controller and are installed in the housing. The third drive is installed on the output shaft of the second drive, and the brush is installed on the output shaft of the third drive and is disposed opposite to the first filter. The second drive and the third drive are used to drive the brush to clean the first filter.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning assembly further includes a pad and a second slider. The inner wall of the receiving box is provided with a second sliding groove. The pad is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive member. The second slider is mounted on the pad and slides in cooperation with the second sliding groove. The third drive member is mounted on the pad.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system of the outdoor box-type substation further includes a rain shelter component. The rain shelter component includes a rain shelter canopy and a first support rod. The two ends of the first support rod are respectively connected to the top plate of the box body and the rain shelter canopy. The rain shelter canopy is used to protect the box body and the cleaning component from rainwater.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning assembly further includes a second support rod mounted on the housing for supporting the housing; The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system of the outdoor box-type substation also includes a base, and the bottom plate of the box is installed on the base.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: 1. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system of the outdoor box-type substation of the present invention adopts a box, a first filter screen, a second filter screen, a first protective component, a negative pressure device, a cleaning component, a controller, and a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust particle sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor that are electrically connected to the controller respectively.

[0017] When the temperature inside the enclosure is lower than the preset temperature threshold in the controller, the controller sends a control signal to the negative pressure device to stop, and sends a control signal to the first drive component to drive the cover plate to move, so that the cover plate seals the first heat dissipation hole. In this application scenario, the enclosure does not need to dissipate heat, and the enclosure is in a closed state, preventing moisture and dust particles from the external environment from entering the enclosure. This gives the outdoor box-type substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system an adaptive dustproof and waterproof function.

[0018] When either the internal temperature of the enclosure is higher than or equal to a preset temperature threshold in the controller, or the external humidity or dust particle concentration is higher than or equal to a preset dust particle concentration threshold in the controller, the controller sends a control signal to the negative pressure unit to operate and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the enclosure. Simultaneously, the controller sends a control signal to the first drive unit to move the filter, aligning it with the first heat dissipation hole. The filter filters the cold air entering the enclosure through the first heat dissipation hole, adsorbing dust particles and moisture carried by the cold air, preventing moisture and dust particles from entering the enclosure, thus providing the outdoor prefabricated substation's dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system with adaptive dustproof and waterproof capabilities.

[0019] When the temperature inside the enclosure is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the controller, and both the humidity and dust particle concentration in the external environment are lower than the preset humidity and dust particle concentration thresholds in the controller, the controller sends a control signal to the negative pressure unit to operate and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the enclosure. Simultaneously, the controller sends a control signal to the first drive component to move the filter and cover plate, causing them to disengage from the first heat dissipation hole. In this application scenario, the humidity and dust particle concentration in the external environment are low, eliminating the need for a filter to filter the cold air entering the enclosure through the first heat dissipation hole. The first filter screen alone is sufficient, reducing the frequency of filter use and extending its lifespan. This gives the outdoor prefabricated substation's dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system an adaptive dustproof and waterproof function.

[0020] When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the enclosure exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold in the controller, dust particles accumulate severely on the first filter, clogging it and hindering airflow. The controller uses temperature information inside the enclosure and the pressure difference between the inside and outside to control the cleaning component to clean the first filter. When the temperature inside the enclosure is lower than a preset temperature threshold in the controller, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold, the controller sends a control signal to the negative pressure unit to stop it, and also sends a control signal to the first drive component to move the cover plate, sealing the first heat dissipation hole. Simultaneously, the controller sends a control signal to the cleaning component to clean the first filter. This gives the outdoor prefabricated substation's dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system an adaptive dustproof function.

[0021] 2. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for outdoor prefabricated substations of this invention employs a cleaning method that combines nozzle-injected gas with brush-scraping of the first filter screen to deeply clean it, ensuring that even stubborn dust particles are removed. While the nozzle-injected gas is combined with the brush-scraping of the first filter screen, a cover plate seals the first heat dissipation hole, thereby preventing dust particles from entering the enclosure and giving the outdoor prefabricated substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system an adaptive dustproof and waterproof function. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated dustproof and waterproof adaptive control system for an outdoor prefabricated substation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor box-type substation according to the present invention. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the right side panel, the first filter screen, and the first protective assembly; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the cleaning component.

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for outdoor box-type substations; 1. Box body; 101. First heat dissipation hole; 102. Second heat dissipation hole; 103. First sliding groove; 2. First filter screen; 3. Second filter screen; 4. First protective component; 401. First driving component; 402. Cover plate; 4021. Second chamfer; 403. Filter; 404. Lifting frame; 4041. First inclined surface; 4042. Second inclined surface; 405. Connecting frame; 406. First fixing sleeve; 407. First movable sleeve; 4071. First chamfer; 408. First sealing plate; 409. First elastic element; 410. First limiting part; 411. First limiting plate; 413. Second fixing sleeve; 414. Second sealing plate; 4 15. Second elastic element; 416. Second limiting part; 417. Second limiting plate; 418. First slider; 5. Negative pressure device; 6. Cleaning component; 601. Receiving box; 6011. Through hole; 6012. Second slide groove; 602. Air pump; 603. Air pipe; 604. Nozzle; 605. Second driving component; 606. Third driving component; 607. Brush; 608. Pad; 609. Second slider; 610. Second support rod; 7. Controller; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Humidity sensor; 10. Dust particle sensor; 11. First pressure sensor; 12. Second pressure sensor; 13. Rain shelter component; 1301. Rain shelter; 1302. First support rod; 14. Base; 15. Second protective component.

[0025] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-4 This invention proposes an integrated dustproof and waterproof adaptive control system 100 for outdoor box-type substations.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-3 In this embodiment of the invention, the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 for an outdoor box-type substation includes a box body 1, a first filter screen 2, a second filter screen 3, a first protective component 4, a negative pressure device 5, a cleaning component 6, a controller 7, and a temperature sensor 8, a humidity sensor 9, a dust particle sensor 10, a first pressure sensor 11, and a second pressure sensor 12, all electrically connected to the controller 7. The right side panel and the rear side panel of the box body 1 are respectively provided with a first heat dissipation hole 101 and a second heat dissipation hole 102. The first filter screen 2 and the second filter screen 3 are respectively disposed within the first heat dissipation hole 101 and the second heat dissipation hole 102. The first protective component 4 includes a first drive component 401, a cover plate 402, and a filter 403. The first protective component 4 is disposed inside the box body 1, and the cover plate 402 and the filter 403 are respectively installed on the output shaft of the first drive component 401. The negative pressure device 5 is disposed within the second heat dissipation hole 102. The cleaning component 6 is disposed outside the box body 1 and is positioned opposite to the first filter screen 2.

[0031] Temperature sensor 8 and first pressure sensor 11 are located inside housing 1, while humidity sensor 9, dust particle sensor 10, and second pressure sensor 12 are located outside housing 1. Negative pressure unit 5, first drive unit 401, and cleaning component 6 are electrically connected to controller 7. First drive unit 401 drives the movement of filter 403 and cover plate 402, causing filter 403 to engage with first heat dissipation hole 101; or, causing cover plate 402 to cover first heat dissipation hole 101; or, causing both filter 403 and cover plate 402 to disengage from first heat dissipation hole 101. Cleaning component 6 is used to clean first filter screen 2.

[0032] Among them, filter 403 is a filter with dustproof and waterproof functions in the prior art. The housing 1 includes an enclosing top plate, bottom plate, left side plate, right side plate, rear side plate, and front side plate, with the front side plate designed as an openable door. The negative pressure unit 5 uses an axial flow fan to generate negative pressure and expel heat from the housing 1. The axial flow fan is located inside the second heat dissipation hole 102, and the second filter screen 3 is located outside the second heat dissipation hole 102. The controller 7 can be a microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data processing chip, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] Temperature sensor 8 is used to detect the temperature information inside the enclosure 1 and transmit the temperature information to controller 7. First pressure sensor 11 and second pressure sensor 12 are respectively positioned as close as possible to both ends of the first heat dissipation hole 101. First pressure sensor 11 and second pressure sensor 12 are used to detect the air pressure information inside and outside the enclosure 1, respectively, and transmit the detected air pressure information to controller 7. Controller 7 calculates the pressure difference information based on the two air pressure information. Humidity sensor 9 is used to detect the humidity information of the external environment of enclosure 1 and transmit the humidity information to controller 7. Dust particle sensor 10 is used to detect the dust particle concentration information of the external environment of enclosure 1 and transmit the dust particle concentration information to controller 7.

[0034] The first driving component 401 is a first electric actuator. This actuator incorporates sensors such as Hall effect sensors, rotary transformers, and photoelectric switches to monitor the number of motor rotations or the position of the output shaft in real time. It connects to the controller 7 to feed back signals, forming a closed-loop control system. The controller 7 precisely controls the motor's start and stop, and even adjusts its speed, based on the deviation between the preset position and the current position, thereby achieving accurate positioning.

[0035] Controller 7 controls the operation or stop of the axial fan based on temperature information. When the temperature inside the enclosure 1 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in controller 7, controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to operate, expelling heat from the enclosure 1 and dissipating heat from the electrical equipment inside the enclosure 1. When the temperature inside the enclosure 1 is lower than the preset temperature threshold in controller 7, controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop.

[0036] The controller 7 controls the first electric push rod to drive the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 to move based on the temperature information inside the enclosure 1, the humidity information of the external environment of the enclosure 1, and the dust particle concentration information of the external environment of the enclosure 1. This causes the filter 403 to engage with the first heat dissipation hole 101; or causes the cover plate 402 to cover the first heat dissipation hole 101; or causes both the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 to disengage from the first heat dissipation hole 101. Specifically, when the temperature inside the enclosure 1 is lower than the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial flow fan to stop the axial flow fan, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to drive the cover plate 402 to move, so that the cover plate 402 covers the first heat dissipation hole 101. In this application scenario, the enclosure 1 does not need to dissipate heat, and the enclosure 1 is in a closed state, preventing moisture and dust particles from the external environment from entering the enclosure 1. This gives the outdoor box-type substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 an adaptive dustproof and waterproof function.

[0037] When one of the following conditions occurs: the temperature inside the enclosure 1 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, and the humidity of the external environment of the enclosure 1 is higher than or equal to the preset humidity threshold in the controller 7, or the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the enclosure 1 is higher than or equal to the preset dust particle concentration threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the enclosure 1. Simultaneously, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to drive the filter 403 to move, so that the filter 403 aligns with the first heat dissipation hole 101. The filter 403 filters the cold air entering the enclosure 1 from the first heat dissipation hole 101, adsorbing dust particles and moisture carried by the cold air, preventing moisture and dust particles from the external environment from entering the enclosure 1, thus giving the outdoor prefabricated substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 an adaptive dustproof and waterproof function.

[0038] When the temperature inside the enclosure 1 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, and both the humidity of the external environment of the enclosure 1 is lower than the preset humidity threshold in the controller 7, and the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the enclosure 1 is lower than the preset dust particle concentration threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the enclosure 1. Simultaneously, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to drive the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 to move, so that both the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 are disengaged from the first heat dissipation hole 101. In this application scenario, the humidity and dust particle concentration of the external environment of the enclosure 1 are low, so it is not necessary to use the filter 403 to filter the cold air entering the enclosure 1 from the first heat dissipation hole 101. The first filter screen 2 is sufficient to filter the cold air entering the enclosure 1 from the first heat dissipation hole 101, reducing the frequency of use of the filter 403 and extending its service life. The outdoor box-type substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 has adaptive dustproof and waterproof functions.

[0039] When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of housing 1 exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold in controller 7, dust particles accumulate severely on the first filter screen 2, clogging it and hindering airflow. Controller 7 controls cleaning component 6 to clean the first filter screen 2 based on temperature information inside housing 1 and pressure difference information between the inside and outside of housing 1. Specifically, when the temperature inside housing 1 is lower than a preset temperature threshold in controller 7, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of housing 1 exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold in controller 7, controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop it, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to drive the cover plate 402 to move, sealing the first heat dissipation hole 101. Simultaneously, controller 7 sends a control signal to cleaning component 6 to clean the first filter screen 2. This enables the outdoor prefabricated substation's dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 to have an adaptive dustproof function.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1-3In one embodiment of the present invention, the first driving member 401 is a first electric push rod. The filter 403 and the cover plate 402 are respectively installed at the proximal and distal ends of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first electric push rod is used to drive the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 to reciprocate along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first electric push rod is installed on the inner wall of the right side plate, and the first heat dissipation hole 101 is located on the extension line of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. In the initial state, the output shaft of the first electric push rod is retracted, and the filter 403, the cover plate 402, and the first heat dissipation hole 101 are arranged sequentially in the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the first stroke, the cover plate 402 covers the first heat dissipation hole 101; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, the filter 403 engages with the first heat dissipation hole 101; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts back to its original position, both the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 disengage from the first heat dissipation hole 101; the second stroke is longer than the first stroke.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1-3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod is perpendicular to the center line of the first heat dissipation hole 101. The first protective assembly 4 also includes a lifting frame 404, a connecting frame 405, a first fixed sleeve 406, a first movable sleeve 407, a first sealing plate 408, and a plurality of first elastic elements 409. The lifting frame 404 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right side plate and surrounds the outer side of the first heat dissipation hole 101. The first fixed sleeve 406 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the connecting frame 405. One end of the first fixed sleeve 406 is connected to the filter 403, and the other end of the first fixed sleeve 406 is disposed facing the right side plate and is provided with a first limiting part 410.

[0042] The connecting frame 405 is U-shaped. One end of the connecting frame 405 is mounted on the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first fixed sleeve 406 is located in the inner space of the connecting frame 405, and the opposite sides of the first fixed sleeve 406 are fixedly mounted on the two inner side walls of the connecting frame 405. Both ends of the first fixed sleeve 406 and the first movable sleeve 407 are open by passing through themselves. The first limiting part 410 is an annular flange protruding inward from the inner wall of the end of the first fixed sleeve 406 facing the right side plate. The first elastic element 409 is a spring. The outer side of one end of the first movable sleeve 407 is fixedly fitted with a first limiting plate 411. The first limiting plate 411 slides with the inner wall of the first fixed sleeve 406, and the first limiting part 410 abuts against the first limiting plate 411 to prevent the first movable sleeve 407 from coming out of the first fixed sleeve 406. The other end of the first movable sleeve 407 faces the right side plate, and the outer side of this end is fixedly fitted with a first sealing plate 408.

[0043] The outer surface of the lifting frame 404 is a first inclined surface 4041, and the inner surface is a second inclined surface 4042. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the first movable sleeve 407 facing the right side plate has a first chamfer 4071. The first chamfer 4071 is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface 4041, and the first chamfer 4071 is adapted to the slope of the second inclined surface 4042. The first chamfer 4071 is used to slide in cooperation with the first inclined surface 4041 when the first electric push rod extends to push the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 towards the lifting frame 404, so as to guide the first movable sleeve 407 to move away from the lifting frame 404, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first chamfer 4071 is used to slide with the second inclined surface 4042 when the first electric push rod retracts to pull the first fixed sleeve 406 and drive the first movable sleeve 407 to move away from the lifting frame 404 and translate, so as to guide the first movable sleeve 407 to move away from the lifting frame 404, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod.

[0044] Each of the first elastic elements 409 has a first fixed sleeve 406 and a first limiting plate 411 connected to its two ends, respectively, for applying an elastic force toward the right side plate to the first movable sleeve 407. The first sealing plate 408 is used to press against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal when the first movable sleeve 407 extends into the lifting frame 404.

[0045] Specific working principle: When the output shaft of the first electric push rod is in the initial state, if one of the following occurs, the temperature inside the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold preset in the controller 7, and the humidity of the external environment of the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the humidity threshold preset in the controller 7, or the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the dust particle concentration threshold preset in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the housing 1.

[0046] Simultaneously, controller 7 sends a control signal to the first electric push rod, controlling the output shaft of the first electric push rod to extend, pushing the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 towards the first heat dissipation hole 101. During the process of the first electric push rod driving the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 towards the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod, the first chamfer 4071 and the first inclined surface 4041 slide to engage, so that the first movable sleeve 407 is driven to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the inclined surface engagement, so that the first movable sleeve 407 avoids the lifting frame 404.

[0047] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, the first chamfer 4071 of the first movable sleeve 407 disengages from the first inclined surface 4041, and the first movable sleeve 407 faces the lifting frame 404. Each of the first elastic elements 409 returns from a compressed state to an extended state, releasing elastic force and pushing the first movable sleeve 407 to move towards the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, extending into the lifting frame 404. The first sealing plate 408 presses against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal between the first movable sleeve 407 and the lifting frame 404. This completes the docking of the filter 403 with the first heat dissipation hole 101.

[0048] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke state, and the temperature inside the housing 1 is lower than the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop the axial fan, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to retract the output shaft of the first electric push rod to the first stroke state. When the first electric push rod drives the first fixed sleeve 406 and the cover plate 402 to move horizontally, the cover plate 402 covers the lifting frame 404. If the temperature inside the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold preset in the controller 7, and the humidity of the external environment of the housing 1 is lower than the humidity threshold preset in the controller 7, and the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the housing 1 is lower than the dust particle concentration threshold preset in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the housing 1. At the same time, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to control the output shaft of the first electric push rod to retract to the initial state. The first electric push rod drives the first fixed sleeve 406 and the cover plate 402 to move horizontally, so that the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 are separated from the lifting frame 404.

[0049] During the process of the first electric push rod driving the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 away from the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod, the first chamfer 4071 and the second inclined surface 4042 slide to engage, so as to drive the first movable sleeve 407 to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the inclined surface engagement, so that the first movable sleeve 407 exits from the lifting frame 404.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first protective component 4 further includes a second fixing sleeve 413, a second sealing plate 414, and a plurality of second elastic elements 415. The second fixing sleeve 413 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first electric push rod via a connecting bracket 405. One end of the second fixing sleeve 413 is closed, and the other end of the second fixing sleeve 413 is open and faces the right side plate and is provided with a second limiting part 416.

[0051] The second fixing sleeve 413 is disposed in the inner space of the connecting frame 405, and the opposite sides of the second fixing sleeve 413 are fixedly mounted on the two inner side walls of the connecting frame 405. The second limiting part 416 is an annular flange protruding inward from the inner wall of the end of the second fixing sleeve 413 facing the right side plate. The second elastic element 415 is a spring. The outer side of one end of the cover plate 402 is fitted with a second limiting plate 417, which slides with the inner wall of the second fixing sleeve 413, and the second limiting part 416 is used to abut against the second limiting plate 417 to prevent the cover plate 402 from falling out of the second fixing sleeve 413; the other end of the cover plate 402 faces the right side plate, and the outer side of this end is fitted with a second sealing plate 414.

[0052] A second chamfer 4021 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the cover plate 402 facing the right side plate. The second chamfer 4021 is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface 4041 and the slope of the second inclined surface 4042. The second chamfer 4021 is used to slide in engagement with the first inclined surface 4041 when the cover plate 402 moves towards the lifting frame 404, so as to guide the cover plate 402 to move away from the lifting frame 404. The second chamfer 4021 is also used to slide in engagement with the second inclined surface 4042 when the cover plate 402 moves away from the lifting frame 404, so as to guide the cover plate 402 to move away from the lifting frame 404. The two ends of each first elastic member 409 are respectively connected to the second fixing sleeve 413 and the cover plate 402, and are used to apply an elastic force towards the right side plate to the cover plate 402. The second sealing plate 414 is used to press against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal when the cover plate 402 extends into the lifting frame 404.

[0053] The application principles of the second fixed sleeve 413 and the cover plate 402 are the same as those of the first fixed sleeve 406 and the first movable sleeve 407. The specific working principles of the second fixed sleeve 413, the cover plate 402, and the second elastic element 415 are as follows: When the output shaft of the first electric push rod is in its initial state, and the temperature inside the housing 1 is lower than the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop the axial fan, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to control the output shaft of the first electric push rod to extend to the first stroke. When the first electric push rod drives the cover plate 402 to move horizontally toward the lifting frame 404, the cover plate 402 covers the lifting frame 404.

[0054] During the process of the first electric push rod driving the second fixed sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 towards the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod, the second chamfer 4021 and the first inclined surface 4041 slide to engage, so that the cover plate 402 is driven to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the inclined surface engagement, so that the cover plate 402 avoids the lifting frame 404.

[0055] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the first stroke, the second chamfer 4021 of the cover plate 402 disengages from the first inclined surface 4041, and the cover plate 402 faces the lifting frame 404. Each of the second elastic members 415 returns from a compressed state to an extended state, releasing elastic force and pushing the cover plate 402 to move towards the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, extending into the lifting frame 404. The second sealing plate 414 presses against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal between the cover plate 402 and the lifting frame 404. This completes the sealing of the first heat dissipation hole 101 by the cover plate 402.

[0056] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the first stroke state, and one of the following occurs: the temperature inside the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold preset in the controller 7, and the humidity of the external environment of the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the humidity threshold preset in the controller 7, or the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the dust particle concentration threshold preset in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the housing 1.

[0057] Controller 7 simultaneously sends a control signal to the first electric push rod, controlling the output shaft of the first electric push rod to extend, pushing the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 towards the first heat dissipation hole 101. At the same time, it pushes the second fixed sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 forward until the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke. At this time, the second fixed sleeve 413 and the cover plate 402 have passed the first heat dissipation hole 101, and the filter 403 is connected to the first heat dissipation hole 101. During the process of the first electric push rod driving the second fixed sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod past the lifting frame 404, the second chamfer 4021 and the second inclined surface 4042 slide to engage, so that the cover plate 402 is driven to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, so that the cover plate 402 avoids the lifting frame 404. Until the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, at which point the second fixed sleeve 413 drives the cover plate 402 to pass the first heat dissipation hole 101.

[0058] During the process of the first electric push rod driving the first fixed sleeve 406 to move the first movable sleeve 407 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod toward the lifting frame 404, the first chamfer 4071 and the first inclined surface 4041 slide to engage, so that the first movable sleeve 407 is driven to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the inclined surface engagement, so that the first movable sleeve 407 avoids the lifting frame 404.

[0059] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, the first chamfer 4071 of the first movable sleeve 407 disengages from the first inclined surface 4041, and the first movable sleeve 407 faces the lifting frame 404. Each of the first elastic elements 409 returns from a compressed state to an extended state, releasing elastic force and pushing the first movable sleeve 407 to move towards the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, extending into the lifting frame 404. The first sealing plate 408 presses against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal between the first movable sleeve 407 and the lifting frame 404. This completes the docking of the filter 403 with the first heat dissipation hole 101.

[0060] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod is extended to the second stroke state, and the temperature inside the housing 1 is lower than the preset temperature threshold in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop the axial fan, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to retract the output shaft of the first electric push rod to the first stroke state. When the first electric push rod drives the cover plate 402 to move back towards the lifting frame 404, the cover plate 402 covers the lifting frame 404.

[0061] During the process of the first electric push rod driving the second fixed sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 back towards the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod, the second chamfer 4021 slides with the first inclined surface 4041 to drive the cover plate 402 to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, so that the cover plate 402 avoids the lifting frame 404.

[0062] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts to its first stroke, the second chamfer 4021 of the cover plate 402 disengages from the first inclined surface 4041, and the cover plate 402 faces the lifting frame 404. Each of the second elastic members 415 returns from a compressed state to an extended state, releasing elastic force and pushing the cover plate 402 to move towards the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, extending into the lifting frame 404. The second sealing plate 414 presses against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal between the cover plate 402 and the lifting frame 404. This completes the sealing of the first heat dissipation hole 101 by the cover plate 402.

[0063] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod is extended to the second stroke state, and the temperature inside the housing 1 is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold preset in the controller 7, and the humidity of the external environment of the housing 1 is lower than the humidity threshold preset in the controller 7, and the dust particle concentration of the external environment of the housing 1 is lower than the dust particle concentration threshold preset in the controller 7, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to control the axial fan to run and dissipate heat from the electrical equipment inside the housing 1. At the same time, the controller 7 sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to control the output shaft of the first electric push rod to retract to the initial state. The first electric push rod drives the first fixed sleeve 406, the first movable sleeve 407, the second fixed sleeve 413, and the cover plate 402 to move horizontally, so that the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 are separated from the lifting frame 404.

[0064] During the process of the first electric push rod driving the second fixed sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 back towards the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod, the second chamfer 4021 slides with the first inclined surface 4041 to drive the cover plate 402 to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, so that the cover plate 402 avoids the lifting frame 404.

[0065] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts to its first stroke, the second chamfer 4021 of the cover plate 402 disengages from the first inclined surface 4041, and the cover plate 402 faces the lifting frame 404. Each of the second elastic members 415 returns from a compressed state to an extended state, releasing elastic force and pushing the cover plate 402 to move towards the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft of the first electric push rod, extending into the lifting frame 404. The second sealing plate 414 presses against the lifting frame 404 to form a seal between the cover plate 402 and the lifting frame 404. This completes the sealing of the first heat dissipation hole 101 by the cover plate 402.

[0066] When the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts to its first stroke state, it continues to retract until it returns to its initial state, causing the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 to detach from the lifting frame 404. As the first electric push rod drives the second fixing sleeve 413 to move the cover plate 402 back across the lifting frame 404 along the extension direction of the first electric push rod's output shaft, the second chamfer 4021 and the second inclined surface 4042 slide in engagement. This engagement drives the cover plate 402 to move away from the lifting frame 404 in a direction perpendicular to the first electric push rod's output shaft, thus avoiding the lifting frame 404. This continues until the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts to its initial state, at which point the filter 403 and the cover plate 402 detach from the lifting frame 404.

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1-3In one embodiment of the present invention, the right side plate is provided with a first sliding groove 103, and the first protective component 4 further includes a first slider 418. One end of the first slider 418 is mounted on the connecting frame 405, and the other end is slidably engaged with the first sliding groove 103. The first slider 418 and the first sliding groove 103 can adopt one of a T-shaped fit, a dovetail fit, or an I-shaped fit. The right side plate is provided with two first sliding grooves 103, and the first protective component 4 includes two first sliders 418. The two first sliders 418 are respectively mounted on opposite sides of the connecting member and are engaged with the two first sliding grooves 103 respectively, thereby enhancing the operational stability of the first protective component 4.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning component 6 includes a housing 601, an air pump 602, a plurality of air pipes 603 and a plurality of nozzles 604. The air pump 602 is disposed inside the housing 601. The plurality of nozzles 604 are installed on the outside of the housing 601 and are disposed opposite to the first filter screen 2. The plurality of nozzles 604 are connected to the air pump 602 through the plurality of air pipes 603. The air pump 602 is electrically connected to the controller 7.

[0069] Meanwhile, the cleaning assembly 6 also includes a second drive unit 605, a third drive unit 606, and a brush 607. The second drive unit 605 and the third drive unit 606 are electrically connected to the controller 7 and are installed inside the housing 601. The third drive unit 606 is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive unit 605, and the brush 607 is mounted on the output shaft of the third drive unit 606, and is positioned opposite to the first filter screen 2. The housing 601 has a through hole 6011, through which the output shaft of the third drive unit 606 passes, so that the brush 607 is positioned on the outside of the housing 601. The second drive unit 605 and the third drive unit 606 are used to drive the brush 607 to clean the first filter screen 2. The second drive unit 605 is a second electric push rod, and the third drive unit 606 is a motor with a rotatable output shaft.

[0070] Furthermore, the cleaning component 6 also includes a pad 608 and a second slider 609. The inner wall of the receiving box 601 is provided with a second sliding groove 6012. The pad 608 is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive member 605, and the second slider 609 is mounted on the pad 608 and slides in cooperation with the second sliding groove 6012 to make the operation of the second drive member 605 and the third drive member 606 more stable. The third drive member 606 is mounted on the pad 608.

[0071] When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of housing 1 exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold in controller 7, dust particles accumulate severely on the first filter screen 2, clogging it and causing poor airflow. Controller 7 controls cleaning component 6 to clean the first filter screen 2 based on temperature information inside housing 1 and pressure difference information between the inside and outside of housing 1. Specifically, when the temperature inside housing 1 is lower than a preset temperature threshold in controller 7, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of housing 1 exceeds a preset pressure difference threshold in controller 7, controller 7 sends a control signal to the axial fan to stop it, and sends a control signal to the first electric push rod to drive the cover plate 402 to move, causing the cover plate 402 to cover the first heat dissipation hole 101.

[0072] Simultaneously, the controller 7 sends control signals to the air pump 602, the second drive unit 605, and the third drive unit 606, controlling the air pump 602 to deliver gas to several nozzles 604, spraying dust particles accumulated on the first filter screen 2 to clean it. The controller 7 also sends control signals to the second drive unit 605 and the third drive unit 606, controlling the second drive unit 605 to drive the third drive unit 606 to translate, causing the brush 607 to extend towards the first filter screen 2. The output shaft of the third drive unit 606 rotates, driving the brush 607 to rotate and scrape the first filter screen 2, thus cleaning it.

[0073] The cleaning method employing a combination of gas jet injection from nozzle 604 and brush scraping of the first filter screen 2 by brush 607 allows for deep cleaning of the first filter screen 2, removing even stubborn dust particles. While the nozzle 604 is injecting gas and the brush 607 is scraping the first filter screen 2, the cover plate 402 seals the first heat dissipation hole 101, thereby preventing dust particles from entering the enclosure 1. This ensures that the outdoor prefabricated substation's dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 possesses adaptive dustproof and waterproof functionality.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 of the outdoor prefabricated substation further includes a rain shelter component 13. The rain shelter component 13 includes a rain shelter 1301 and a first support rod 1302. The two ends of the first support rod 1302 are respectively connected to the top plate of the enclosure 1 and the rain shelter 1301. The rain shelter 1301 has a V-shaped cross-section and covers the enclosure 1 and the cleaning component 6. The rain shelter 1301 is used to shield the enclosure 1 and the cleaning component 6 from rainwater, so that the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 of the outdoor prefabricated substation has an adaptive waterproof function.

[0075] The cleaning component 6 also includes a second support rod 610, which is mounted on the housing 601 to support it. The outdoor prefabricated substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 also includes a base 14, on which the bottom plate of the housing 1 is mounted. The second support rod 610 keeps the housing 601 away from the ground, and the base 14 keeps the housing 1 away from the ground, preventing water accumulation from damaging the housing 601 and the housing 1, thus giving the outdoor prefabricated substation dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 an adaptive waterproof function.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system 100 of the outdoor box-type substation further includes a second protective component 15. The second heat dissipation hole 102 has the same shape as the first heat dissipation hole 101. The second protective component 15 is installed on the inner wall of the rear side plate and has the same structure, installation method, control method, and operating principle as the first protective component 4. The second protective component 15 is used to protect the second heat dissipation hole 102 to prevent moisture and dust from entering the interior of the box 1 through the second heat dissipation hole 102.

[0077] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dustproof, waterproof, adaptive control integrated system for outdoor prefabricated substations, characterized in that, include: The enclosure has a first heat dissipation hole and a second heat dissipation hole; A first filter screen and a second filter screen are respectively disposed in the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole; A first protective component, comprising a first driving element, a cover plate, and a filter, is disposed inside the housing, with the cover plate and the filter respectively mounted on the output shaft of the first driving element; A negative pressure device, wherein the negative pressure device is disposed inside the second heat dissipation hole; A cleaning component is disposed outside the housing and opposite to the first filter screen; Controller; A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust particle sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor are electrically connected to the controller, respectively. The temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are located inside the housing, while the humidity sensor, the dust particle sensor, and the second pressure sensor are located outside the housing. The negative pressure device, the first driving component, and the cleaning component are electrically connected to the controller. The first driving component is used to drive the filter and the cover plate to move so that the filter engages with the first heat dissipation hole; or, so that the cover plate covers the first heat dissipation hole; or, so that both the filter and the cover plate are disengaged from the first heat dissipation hole. The cleaning component is used to clean the first filter.

2. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving component is a first electric push rod. The filter and the cover plate are respectively installed at the proximal end and the distal end of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. The first electric push rod is used to drive the filter and the cover plate to reciprocate along the extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod. Specifically, when the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the first stroke, the cover plate seals the first heat dissipation hole; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends to the second stroke, the filter connects to the first heat dissipation hole; when the output shaft of the first electric push rod retracts back to its original position, both the filter and the cover plate disengage from the first heat dissipation hole; the second stroke is longer than the first stroke.

3. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The extension direction of the output shaft of the first electric push rod is perpendicular to the center line of the first heat dissipation hole; The first protective component further includes a lifting frame, a connecting frame, a first fixed sleeve, a first movable sleeve, a first sealing plate, and several first elastic elements; the lifting frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right side plate and is arranged around the outside of the first heat dissipation hole; The first fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the connecting bracket. One end of the first fixing sleeve is connected to the filter, and the other end of the first fixing sleeve is set towards the right side plate and is provided with a first limiting part. A first limiting plate is fitted on the outer side of one end of the first movable sleeve. The first limiting plate slides with the inner wall of the first fixed sleeve, and the first limiting part is used to abut against the first limiting plate to restrict the first movable sleeve from coming out of the first fixed sleeve. The other end of the first movable sleeve faces the right side plate, and a first sealing plate is fitted on the outer side of this end. The outer side of the lifting frame is a first inclined surface, and the inner side is a second inclined surface. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the first movable sleeve facing the right side plate has a first chamfer. The first chamfer is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface and the slope of the second inclined surface. The first chamfer is used to slide and engage with the first inclined surface when the first movable sleeve moves towards the lifting frame to guide the first movable sleeve to move away from the lifting frame. The first chamfer is also used to slide and engage with the second inclined surface when the first movable sleeve moves away from the lifting frame to guide the first movable sleeve to move away from the lifting frame. Each of the first elastic elements has its two ends connected to the first fixed sleeve and the first limiting plate, respectively, for applying an elastic force toward the right side plate to the first movable sleeve; the first sealing plate is used to press against the lifting frame to form a seal when the first movable sleeve extends into the lifting frame.

4. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first protective assembly also includes a second fixing sleeve, a second sealing plate, and several second elastic elements; The second fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod through the connecting bracket. One end of the second fixing sleeve is closed, and the other end of the second fixing sleeve is open and facing the right side plate and is provided with a second limiting part. A second limiting plate is fitted on the outer side of one end of the cover plate. The second limiting plate slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the second fixing sleeve, and the second limiting part is used to abut against the second limiting plate to prevent the cover plate from coming out of the second fixing sleeve. The other end of the cover plate faces the right side plate, and a second sealing plate is fitted on the outer side of this end. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the cover plate facing the right side plate has a second chamfer, which is adapted to the slope of the first inclined surface. The second chamfer is used to slide with the first inclined surface when the cover plate moves towards the lifting frame, so as to guide the cover plate to move away from the lifting frame. The second chamfer is also used to slide with the second inclined surface when the cover plate moves away from the lifting frame, so as to guide the cover plate to move away from the lifting frame. Each of the first elastic elements has its two ends connected to the second fixing sleeve and the cover plate, respectively, for applying an elastic force toward the right side plate to the cover plate sleeve; the second sealing plate is used to press against the lifting frame to form a seal when the cover plate extends into the lifting frame.

5. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The right side plate is provided with a first sliding groove, and the first protective component also includes a first slider. One end of the first slider is mounted on the connecting frame, and the other end is slidably engaged with the first sliding groove.

6. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a housing, an air pump, several air tubes, and several nozzles. The air pump is located inside the housing, and the several nozzles are installed on the outside of the housing and positioned opposite to the first filter screen. The several nozzles are connected to the air pump through several air tubes, and the air pump is electrically connected to the controller.

7. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly further includes a second drive unit, a third drive unit, and a brush. The second drive unit and the third drive unit are electrically connected to the controller and are installed in the housing. The third drive unit is installed on the output shaft of the second drive unit, and the brush is installed on the output shaft of the third drive unit and is arranged opposite to the first filter screen. The second drive unit and the third drive unit are used to drive the brush to clean the first filter screen.

8. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly also includes a pad and a second slider. The inner wall of the receiving box is provided with a second sliding groove. The pad is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive component. The second slider is mounted on the pad and slides in cooperation with the second sliding groove. The third drive component is mounted on the pad.

9. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system of the outdoor box-type substation also includes a rain shelter component. The rain shelter component includes a rain shelter canopy and a first support rod. The two ends of the first support rod are respectively connected to the top plate of the box body and the rain shelter canopy. The rain shelter canopy is used to protect the box body and the cleaning component from rain.

10. The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system for an outdoor prefabricated substation as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly also includes a second support rod, which is mounted on the housing box to support the housing box; The dustproof and waterproof adaptive control integrated system of the outdoor box-type substation also includes a base, and the bottom plate of the box is installed on the base.

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