Environment-friendly gas cabinet hybrid no-lone-switch control system

Abstract

The application adopts the metal-enclosed switchgear with environment-friendly gas insulation and the new energy grid-connected power system control field, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly gas cabinet hybrid no-isolated switch control system, which comprises a control device, a parameter gathering module, a thermal motion deduction module, a waveform deconstruction module, an insulation evaluation module and a micro-environment adjustment module. The parameter gathering module is used for obtaining bottom state parameters and power grid level parameters. The thermal motion deduction module is used for calculating a gas pressure distribution curve and calibrating local thermal retention node coordinates, and generating heat discharge scheduling instructions to drive a stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly to discharge heat. The waveform deconstruction module generates instructions according to current waveform slope characteristics and output fluctuation values. The insulation evaluation module outputs a transient insulation margin evaluation curve. The micro-environment adjustment module adjusts the micro-environment of a secondary instrument box according to a condensation risk coefficient. The commutation execution module drives a vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly to cut off a short-circuit current. The application solves the problems of insulation deterioration and signal distortion caused by new energy fluctuation and extreme environment, and improves the operation reliability of the switchgear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of environmentally friendly gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear and new energy grid-connected power system control, and particularly to an environmentally friendly gas-insulated hybrid arc-free switchgear control system. Background Technology

[0002] Within grid-connected systems of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power, metal-enclosed switchgear is primarily responsible for the collection and isolation protection of electrical energy. It commonly operates in extreme technological application scenarios such as high-current, high-altitude, unattended operation in photovoltaic and wind power systems. Furthermore, to comply with industry standards, environmentally friendly gases are typically used as the core insulating medium to complete the opening and closing operations. Renewable energy systems like photovoltaics and wind power are characterized by frequent start-ups and shutdowns and random power fluctuations. These frequent system starts and shutdowns and power fluctuations subject the main circuit of the metal-enclosed switchgear to continuous high-current physical impacts, generating a large amount of Joule heat within the metal conductors. Metal-enclosed switchgear located in outdoor high-altitude environments must routinely withstand extreme temperature changes. The intense external temperature fluctuations and the internal high-current impact heating phenomena create a multi-physics coupling effect.

[0003] Multi-physics coupling directly disrupts the natural convective thermal equilibrium of the environmentally friendly insulating gas within the sealed enclosure, leading to localized heat retention zones and a severe imbalance in the overall physical pressure distribution. This internal pressure imbalance and abnormally high local temperatures cause a significant decrease in the dielectric strength of the insulating gas. This physical attenuation exposes the primary-side main insulating shaft to severe electric field distortion, resulting in continuous point discharge and deterioration of its insulation performance. Simultaneously, drastic temperature gradient changes within the sealed enclosure disrupt the microenvironment of the secondary-side control terminal. Sudden temperature variations cause free water molecules to rapidly condense on the circuit board surface of the secondary-side control terminal. This condensation alters the electrical clearances of the control circuit, causing micro-short circuits between electronic components and sudden changes in line impedance. These impedance changes directly interrupt the primary-secondary fusion communication signal link, ultimately leading to severe distortion of both the underlying data acquisition and the upper-level control signals. Existing metal-enclosed switchgear lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism to cope with multi-physical field coupling damage, and cannot meet the technical standards for high reliability and safe operation of new energy nodes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hybrid arc-free switch control system for environmentally friendly gas cabinets. This invention solves the technical problems caused by the high current surge heating resulting from the frequent start-up and shutdown and power output fluctuations of new energy systems such as photovoltaic and wind power, and the multi-physical field coupling effect generated by the sudden temperature changes at high altitudes outdoors. This leads to local thermal stagnation and unbalanced spatial air pressure distribution within the environmentally friendly insulating gas, which in turn causes tip discharge and insulation performance degradation on the primary side main insulating shaft. At the same time, it causes condensation on the surface of the secondary side control terminal due to environmental temperature differences, ultimately resulting in the interruption of the primary and secondary integrated communication signal link and data distortion.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific contents of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a hybrid arc-free switch control system for environmentally friendly gas cabinets, comprising: Switching and control devices with communication connections; The switchgear assembly includes an insulated metal enclosure, a vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly, a three-position isolation assembly, a main insulating shaft, a stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly, a secondary instrument box, and an intelligent control terminal. The vacuum arc extinguishing assembly, the three-position isolation assembly, and the main insulating shaft are housed inside an insulated metal enclosed enclosure. Stainless steel heat dissipation pipes penetrate the insulated metal enclosed enclosure. The secondary instrument box is located outside an insulated metal enclosure and includes an anti-condensation top plate and a heating assembly. The intelligent control terminal is physically connected to temperature acquisition nodes, air pressure acquisition nodes, partial discharge acquisition nodes, and current acquisition nodes; The control device includes: The parameter aggregation module enables the intelligent control terminal to acquire low-level state parameters including distributed temperature values, transient air pressure values, current waveforms, partial discharge values, and primary side air box conduction temperature. The energy management system receives grid-level parameters including output fluctuation values ​​and altitude parameters. The thermal simulation module extracts the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​contained in the underlying state parameters, substitutes the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​into the pressure model, obtains the pressure distribution curve, extracts the coordinates of local heat retention nodes from the pressure distribution curve, and generates heat dissipation scheduling instructions. The waveform deconstruction module calculates the slope characteristics using the current waveform contained in the underlying state parameters, performs a subtraction operation between the slope characteristics and the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the power grid level parameters, and generates an action tolerance relaxation command or a converter isolation command. The insulation assessment module uses the partial discharge value contained in the underlying state parameters and the altitude parameter contained in the power grid level parameters to perform insulation correction calculations and obtain the assessment curve. The microenvironment control module uses the primary side air box conduction temperature contained in the underlying state parameters and combines it with the pre-acquired external dew point temperature to perform a difference calculation to obtain the condensation risk coefficient. When the condensation risk coefficient is greater than the preset safety threshold, it sends an environmental protection command to the secondary instrument box. The commutation execution module receives the commutation isolation command, converts the commutation isolation command into a drive level, and sends it to the vacuum arc extinguishing component to drive the vacuum arc extinguishing component to cut off the short-circuit current inside the main circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a timestamp synchronization unit, and a data matrix construction unit in its parameter aggregation module; The analog-to-digital conversion unit receives low-level state parameters and power grid level parameters; The timestamp synchronization unit extracts the arrival time of the underlying state parameters and the power grid level parameters, receives the global clock signal, and uses the global clock signal to assign standard timestamps to the underlying state parameters and power grid level parameters corresponding to the arrival time. The data matrix construction unit concatenates the underlying state parameters and power grid level parameters into a multi-dimensional time series data matrix according to the chronological order of standard timestamps, and outputs the multi-dimensional time series data matrix to the subsequent calculation module.

[0007] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention includes a thermal simulation module comprising a spatial mapping unit, a pressure gradient calculation unit, and a chimney effect optimization unit. The spatial mapping unit extracts the distributed temperature values ​​contained in the multidimensional time series data matrix, maps the distributed temperature values ​​to a preset three-dimensional spatial coordinate system, and generates a three-dimensional temperature matrix. The pressure gradient calculation unit extracts the transient pressure values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the three-dimensional temperature matrix and transient pressure values ​​into the pressure model, and performs spatial differentiation to obtain the pressure distribution curve. The pressure extreme points are extracted from the gas pressure distribution curve of the chimney effect optimization unit, and the spatial location corresponding to the pressure extreme points is marked as the coordinates of the local thermal stagnation node.

[0008] Furthermore, in the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention, the chimney effect optimization unit extracts the three-dimensional physical coordinates of the pre-stored stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly and calculates the straight-line distance between the coordinates of the local heat retention node and the three-dimensional physical coordinates. The chimney effect optimization unit substitutes the straight-line distance into the preset convection equation to calculate the minimum pressure difference value, and encapsulates the control signal containing the minimum pressure difference value into a heat dissipation scheduling command. The heat dissipation scheduling command is sent to the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly, driving cold air through the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly to dissipate the heat generated inside the insulated metal enclosed box.

[0009] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention includes a waveform deconstruction module comprising a transient slope extraction unit, a waveform distortion identification unit, and a logic determination unit. The transient slope extraction unit extracts the current waveform contained in the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix and performs time derivative calculation on the current waveform to obtain the slope characteristics; The waveform distortion identification unit extracts the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, splices the slope features and output fluctuation values ​​into a source analysis data frame, and sends the source analysis data frame to the logic judgment unit.

[0010] Furthermore, in the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention, the logic judgment unit extracts the slope characteristics and output fluctuation values ​​contained in the source judgment data frame. The logic determination unit converts the slope feature into an absolute value parameter and compares the absolute value parameter with a preset safe slope threshold. When the absolute value parameter is less than the safety slope threshold and the output fluctuation value exceeds the preset benchmark fluctuation range, the logic judgment unit generates an action tolerance relaxation instruction. When the absolute value parameter is greater than or equal to the safety slope threshold, the logic judgment unit extracts waveform phase information from the multi-dimensional timing data matrix, generates fault phase parameters based on the waveform phase information, and encodes the fault phase parameters and preset action time limit parameters to generate a converter isolation command.

[0011] Furthermore, the hybrid arc-free switch control system for the environmentally friendly gas cabinet of the present invention includes an instruction decoding unit, a pulse width modulation unit, and a timing coordination unit in its commutation execution module. The instruction decoding unit receives the commutation isolation instruction, performs decoding operations on the commutation isolation instruction, and extracts the fault phase parameters and action time limit parameters. The pulse width modulation unit substitutes the action time limit parameter into the pulse width control formula to obtain the drive duty cycle, and uses the drive duty cycle and the fault phase parameter to generate the drive level corresponding to the fault phase parameter; The timing coordination unit sends the drive level to the vacuum arc extinguishing component and the three-station isolation component.

[0012] Furthermore, in the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention, the switchgear device includes a drive circuit, which receives the drive level and transmits the drive level to the vacuum arc-extinguishing component and the three-position isolation component corresponding to the fault phase parameter. The vacuum arc-extinguishing component receives the drive level and performs a mechanical tripping action, physically blocking the short-circuit current contained in the main circuit; The built-in time-delay relay of the three-station isolation component receives the drive level and triggers the spindle of the three-station isolation component to rotate after a time delay. After the vacuum arc extinguishing component physically blocks the main circuit, the three-position isolation component disconnects the main circuit to create a physical isolation break.

[0013] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention includes an insulation assessment module comprising a field strength distribution calculation unit, an altitude compensation calculation unit, and a safety margin output unit. The field strength distribution calculation unit extracts the partial discharge values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the partial discharge values ​​into the preset three-dimensional electric field digital model, calculates the electric field strength distribution values ​​of the spatial nodes on the surface of the main insulating shaft, and generates the surface electric stress distribution matrix. The altitude compensation calculation unit extracts the altitude parameters contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the altitude parameters into the preset air density extrapolation formula to calculate the density attenuation coefficient, and multiplies the surface electric stress distribution matrix by the density attenuation coefficient to obtain the gradient insulation correction matrix. The safety margin output unit performs a difference comparison between the gradient insulation correction matrix and the preset ultimate breakdown threshold to obtain the evaluation curve.

[0014] Furthermore, the environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system of the present invention includes a micro-environment adjustment module comprising a dew point estimation unit, a temperature difference threshold comparison unit, and an anti-condensation linkage unit. The dew point estimation unit receives the external ambient temperature value and the external absolute humidity parameter, substitutes the external ambient temperature value and the external absolute humidity parameter into the preset dew point estimation formula, and obtains the external dew point temperature. The temperature difference threshold comparison unit extracts the primary side air box conduction temperature contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, performs a difference operation between the primary side air box conduction temperature and the external dew point temperature, and obtains the condensation risk coefficient. When the condensation risk factor exceeds the preset safety threshold, the anti-condensation linkage unit generates an environmental protection command and sends it to the secondary instrument box, triggering the heating component to start heating action and increase the temperature gradient on the circuit board surface.

[0015] Beneficial effects of this invention: This invention relates to an environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system. By constructing a basic architecture that integrates physical hardware and digital logic, it effectively overcomes the control failures and insulation degradation defects of existing metal-enclosed switchgear under multi-physics coupling conditions. The thermal simulation module extracts underlying state parameters and substitutes them into the gas pressure model to calculate the gas pressure distribution curve and calibrate the coordinates of local heat retention nodes. This generates heat dissipation scheduling commands to drive the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly to perform physical heat dissipation actions. The stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly and the heat source distribution inside the insulated metal enclosure form a physical thermal convection mapping, eliminating heat retention zones within the sealed space and restoring the overall physical gas pressure balance within the space. The waveform deconstruction module calculates the slope characteristics of the current waveform contained in the underlying state parameters. It then performs a subtraction operation between these slope characteristics and the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the grid-level parameters. The system uses this subtraction to rigorously distinguish between the impact of random alternating operation of new energy sources and the impact of actual short-circuit faults, filtering out erroneous action commands caused by normal output fluctuations. When a true short-circuit fault is detected, the converter execution module receives the converter isolation command and converts it to a drive level, driving the vacuum arc-extinguishing component to cut off the short-circuit current inside the main circuit. This avoids mechanical fatigue and arc erosion defects in mechanical contacts caused by frequent start-stop operations. The insulation assessment module performs insulation correction calculations using the partial discharge values ​​contained in the underlying state parameters and the altitude parameters contained in the grid-level parameters. This dynamically compensates for the electric field distortion caused by the high-altitude, low-pressure physical environment, suppressing the continuous tip discharge phenomenon on the surface of the main insulation shaft. The microenvironment regulation module calculates the condensation risk coefficient by subtracting the primary side air box conduction temperature from the acquired external dew point temperature, which is included in the underlying state parameters. When the condensation risk coefficient is greater than the preset safety threshold, an environmental protection command is sent to the secondary instrument box, triggering the heating component to work with the anti-condensation top plate to dynamically increase the internal temperature gradient. This disrupts the phase change conditions for free water molecules to precipitate on the circuit board surface from a physical thermodynamic perspective, eliminates the potential for interruption of the primary and secondary fusion communication signal link caused by physical abrupt changes in line impedance, and improves the safety and reliability of the power equipment operation of the new energy grid-connected node and its adaptability to extreme environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the accompanying drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the hybrid arc-free switch control system for environmentally friendly gas cabinets of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention provided by various embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. To better understand the purpose of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides an environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system, including... Switching and control devices with communication connections; The switchgear assembly includes an insulated metal enclosure, a vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly, a three-position isolation assembly, a main insulating shaft, a stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly, a secondary instrument box, and an intelligent control terminal. The vacuum arc extinguishing assembly, the three-position isolation assembly, and the main insulating shaft are housed inside an insulated metal enclosed enclosure. Stainless steel heat dissipation pipes penetrate the insulated metal enclosed enclosure. The secondary instrument box is located outside an insulated metal enclosure and includes an anti-condensation top plate and a heating assembly. The intelligent control terminal is physically connected to temperature acquisition nodes, air pressure acquisition nodes, partial discharge acquisition nodes, and current acquisition nodes; The control device includes: The parameter aggregation module enables the intelligent control terminal to acquire low-level state parameters including distributed temperature values, transient air pressure values, current waveforms, partial discharge values, and primary side air box conduction temperature. The energy management system receives grid-level parameters including output fluctuation values ​​and altitude parameters. The thermal simulation module extracts the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​contained in the underlying state parameters, substitutes the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​into the pressure model, obtains the pressure distribution curve, extracts the coordinates of local heat retention nodes from the pressure distribution curve, and generates heat dissipation scheduling instructions. The waveform deconstruction module calculates the slope characteristics using the current waveform contained in the underlying state parameters, performs a subtraction operation between the slope characteristics and the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the power grid level parameters, and generates an action tolerance relaxation command or a converter isolation command. The insulation assessment module uses the partial discharge value contained in the underlying state parameters and the altitude parameter contained in the power grid level parameters to perform insulation correction calculations and obtain the assessment curve. The microenvironment control module uses the primary side air box conduction temperature contained in the underlying state parameters and combines it with the pre-acquired external dew point temperature to perform a difference calculation to obtain the condensation risk coefficient. When the condensation risk coefficient is greater than the preset safety threshold, it sends an environmental protection command to the secondary instrument box. The commutation execution module receives the commutation isolation command, converts the commutation isolation command into a drive level, and sends it to the vacuum arc extinguishing component to drive the vacuum arc extinguishing component to cut off the short-circuit current inside the main circuit.

[0020] The environmentally friendly gas-insulated hybrid arc-free switch control system is applied to photovoltaic and wind power grid-connected networks. The underlying switchgear devices form the hardware architecture for physical execution and information sensing. An insulated metal enclosure serves as the core carrier, sealed and filled with insulating gas to provide insulation for the high-voltage circuit. The enclosure integrates a vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly, a three-position isolation assembly, and a main insulating shaft. The main insulating shaft, injection-molded from high-polymer insulating material, supports the interphase conductive copper busbars and blocks interphase leakage current. The vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly utilizes the vacuum insulation environment to extinguish the arc upon disconnection. The three-position isolation assembly, in conjunction with the vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly, establishes a physical break point with a clear safety distance in the open-circuit state. Stainless steel heat dissipation pipes are vertically arranged, running from the bottom to the top of the insulated metal enclosure to create a vertical air convection channel. The secondary instrument box is independently located outside the insulated metal enclosure to isolate it from primary-side high-voltage electric field interference. The top of the secondary instrument box features an angled anti-condensation roof plate and houses heating components. The intelligent control terminal connects to temperature acquisition nodes, air pressure acquisition nodes, partial discharge acquisition nodes, and current acquisition nodes located inside and outside the insulated metal enclosure via a physical interface of an aviation socket, enabling real-time detection of multi-dimensional physical signals.

[0021] The underlying physical signals need to be converted into digital space to drive the mathematical model. The analog-to-digital conversion unit inside the parameter aggregation module receives underlying state parameters from the intelligent control terminal and simultaneously receives grid-level parameters from the energy management system. The underlying state parameters have multi-dimensional physical attributes, including distributed temperature values ​​reflecting the heating state inside the insulated metal enclosure, transient gas pressure values ​​reflecting the gas density state, current waveforms reflecting the main circuit power fluctuations, partial discharge values ​​characterizing the degree of insulation degradation, and primary side gas box conduction temperature representing heat transfer. Grid-level parameters include output fluctuation values ​​characterizing the renewable energy generation status and altitude parameters representing the geographical location of the equipment. Due to differences in sensor sampling frequencies, the timestamp synchronization unit receives the global clock signal from the system motherboard, extracts the arrival time of the underlying state parameters and grid-level parameters to the communication bus, and assigns a standard timestamp to the underlying state parameters and grid-level parameters corresponding to the arrival time using the global clock signal. The data matrix construction unit aligns and splices the underlying state parameters and power grid level parameters according to the time sequence of the standard timestamps to establish a multi-dimensional time series data matrix. The multi-dimensional time series data matrix is ​​then output to the subsequent calculation module to eliminate the time phase difference between parameters.

[0022] Under full-load operation of photovoltaic systems, Joule heat is easily generated inside the insulated metal enclosure. The thermal simulation module incorporates a fundamental fluid mechanics simulation mechanism. The spatial mapping unit extracts the distributed temperature values ​​from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix and maps them to a preset three-dimensional spatial coordinate system, deriving a three-dimensional temperature matrix reflecting the temperature gradient inside the enclosure. The pressure gradient calculation unit extracts the transient air pressure values ​​from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, substitutes the three-dimensional temperature matrix and transient air pressure values ​​into an ideal air pressure model, performs spatial partial differential calculations, and derives a continuous air pressure distribution curve. The air pressure distribution curve can intuitively reflect the flow field distortion state caused by uneven heating inside the enclosure. The chimney effect optimization unit extracts the pressure extreme points from the air pressure distribution curve and marks the spatial positions corresponding to the pressure extreme points as the coordinates of local heat stagnation nodes. To break heat stagnation, the chimney effect optimization unit extracts the pre-stored three-dimensional physical coordinates of the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly and calculates the straight-line distance between the coordinates of the local heat stagnation nodes and the three-dimensional physical coordinates within the three-dimensional coordinate system. The chimney effect optimization unit substitutes the straight-line distance into the preset Bernoulli convection equation to calculate the minimum pressure difference required to trigger natural convection. The control signal containing the minimum pressure difference is encapsulated as a heat dissipation scheduling command and sent to the control board of the stainless steel heat sink assembly. The control board adjusts the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet according to the heat dissipation scheduling command, using the negative pressure generated by the rising hot air to drive cold air through the stainless steel heat sink assembly, dissipating the heat generated inside the insulated metal enclosure.

[0023] The inrush current generated during the instantaneous grid connection of wind turbines can easily lead to hardware misjudgments. The waveform deconstruction module extracts and deconstructs waveform features to distinguish between normal fluctuations and short-circuit faults. The transient slope extraction unit extracts the current waveform from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, performs time partial derivative calculations on the current waveform, and obtains the slope feature characterizing the severity of current changes. The waveform distortion identification unit extracts the output fluctuation values ​​from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, concatenates the slope feature and output fluctuation values ​​into a source analysis data frame with a fixed byte length, and sends the source analysis data frame to the logic determination unit. The logic determination unit extracts the slope feature and output fluctuation values ​​from the source analysis data frame, performs an absolute value operation on the slope feature to convert it into an absolute value parameter. The logic determination unit compares the absolute value parameter with a pre-set safe slope threshold. When the absolute value parameter is less than the safe slope threshold and the output fluctuation exceeds the preset reference fluctuation range, the logic judgment unit determines that the current surge is caused by natural factors such as cloud cover, and then generates an action tolerance relaxation command to prevent fatigue damage to the mechanical transmission shaft caused by frequent start-stop cycles. When the absolute value parameter is greater than or equal to the safe slope threshold, the logic judgment unit extracts waveform phase information from the multi-dimensional timing data matrix, parses the phase in which the short circuit occurred based on the waveform phase information, generates fault phase parameters, and encodes the fault phase parameters and the preset action time limit parameters into binary to generate a commutation isolation command.

[0024] The execution of hardware actions relies on strict timing scheduling instructions. The instruction decoding unit within the commutation execution module receives the commutation isolation instruction, performs decoding operations, and extracts the fault phase parameters and action timing parameters. The pulse width modulation unit substitutes the action timing parameters into the pulse width control formula to calculate the drive duty cycle controlling the conduction time of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and uses the drive duty cycle and fault phase parameters to generate the corresponding drive level. The timing coordination unit sends the drive level via an opto-isolation circuit to the drive circuit contained within the switching equipment. The drive circuit receives the drive level, amplifies it, and transmits it to the vacuum arc-extinguishing component and the three-position isolation component corresponding to the fault phase parameters. The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism within the vacuum arc-extinguishing component receives the drive level and performs a mechanical tripping action, physically blocking the short-circuit current contained in the main circuit using the high insulation recovery speed of the vacuum environment. The time-delay relay built into the three-position isolation component synchronously receives the drive level, and after a preset time delay, connects the motor power supply, triggering the spindle rotation of the three-position isolation component. After the vacuum arc extinguishing component physically blocks the short-circuit current, the three-position isolation component disconnects the main circuit to create a physical isolation break that meets safety specifications.

[0025] The low-pressure environment at high altitudes weakens the insulation performance of the main insulating shaft. The insulation assessment module constructs a digital twin insulation strength assessment mechanism. The field strength distribution calculation unit extracts partial discharge values ​​from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, substitutes these values ​​into a preset three-dimensional electric field digital model, and uses a finite element analysis algorithm to calculate the electric field strength distribution values ​​of the spatial nodes on the surface of the main insulating shaft, generating a surface electric stress distribution matrix reflecting weak points in the insulation. The altitude compensation calculation unit extracts altitude parameters from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, substitutes these parameters into a preset air density derivation formula to calculate the atmospheric density attenuation coefficient, multiplies the eigenvalue matrix in the surface electric stress distribution matrix by the density attenuation coefficient, compensates for the electric field distortion caused by low air pressure, and derives the gradient insulation correction matrix. The safety margin output unit performs a difference comparison between the gradient insulation correction matrix and the ultimate breakdown threshold matrix of the insulation material, dynamically plotting an assessment curve of insulation strength fluctuating with the external environment.

[0026] Condensation under sudden temperature changes can damage the insulation spacing of circuit boards. The microenvironment regulation module focuses on proactive intervention and control to prevent condensation. The dew point estimation unit extracts the external ambient temperature and absolute humidity parameters from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, substitutes them into a preset dew point calculation formula, and calculates the external dew point temperature at which the external air reaches saturation based on Magnus's rule of thumb. The temperature difference threshold comparison unit extracts the primary side air box conduction temperature from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, and calculates the condensation risk coefficient by subtracting the primary side air box conduction temperature from the external dew point temperature. When the condensation risk coefficient is greater than the preset safety threshold, there is a physical risk that free water molecules in the air will precipitate onto the circuit board surface. The anti-condensation linkage unit receives the comparison result, generates an environmental protection command, and sends it to the secondary instrument box, triggering the heating component to start heating. Combined with the physical flow characteristics of the anti-condensation top plate, this increases the temperature gradient inside the secondary instrument box, disrupting the thermodynamic conditions for water vapor condensation.

[0027] This invention embodiment: The system is set to operate at a Northwest wind power collection and booster station at an altitude of 3500m. The external ambient temperature drops from 15℃ to -25℃ within a 2-hour time window, and the main circuit carries a rated power frequency current of 1250A. The intelligent control terminal is equipped with a 1.5GHz ARM processor and 2GB of physical capacity random access memory, and performs data interaction via an industrial Ethernet bus with a transmission bandwidth of 100Mbps. The intelligent control terminal physically connects to and controls temperature acquisition nodes, air pressure acquisition nodes, partial discharge acquisition nodes, and current acquisition nodes, continuously performing analog-to-digital signal conversion at a fixed sampling frequency of 10kHz. The analog-to-digital conversion unit in the parametric aggregation module receives sampling data frames with a duration of 100ms, and the timestamp synchronization unit receives a global clock signal with a frequency of 1MHz, using the global clock signal to assign a standard timestamp to the sampling data frames. The data matrix construction unit splices the underlying state parameters and the power grid level parameters according to the standard timestamp to generate a multi-dimensional time-series data matrix with a dimension of 1000×8. The multi-dimensional time-series data matrix occupies 128KB of address space in the internal memory of the intelligent control terminal.

[0028] The spatial mapping unit within the thermal simulation module extracts the distributed temperature values ​​of 16 spatial sampling points from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, maps these values ​​to a preset three-dimensional spatial coordinate system, and generates a 4×4×1 three-dimensional temperature matrix. When the three-dimensional temperature matrix shows that the temperature at the center coordinate point inside the insulated metal enclosure reaches 85℃, the pressure gradient calculation unit extracts a transient air pressure value of 0.125MPa from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix. The pressure gradient calculation unit substitutes the three-dimensional temperature matrix and the transient air pressure value into the air pressure model to perform spatial differentiation, determining that there is a pressure difference extreme value of 1.5kPa between the center coordinate point and the edge coordinate point. The chimney effect optimization unit calibrates the spatial location where the 1.5kPa pressure difference extreme value occurs as the coordinates of a local thermal stagnation node, extracts the pre-stored three-dimensional physical coordinates of the stainless steel heat sink assembly, and calculates that the straight-line distance between the local thermal stagnation node coordinates and the three-dimensional physical coordinates is 150mm. The chimney effect optimization unit substitutes a 150mm straight-line distance into the preset convection equation to calculate the minimum pressure difference required to trigger natural convection as 0.8kPa. This control signal, containing the 0.8kPa minimum pressure difference, is encapsulated as a heat dissipation scheduling command. This command is sent to the stainless steel heat sink assembly, driving cold air through its internal structure to dissipate the heat generated inside the insulated metal enclosure. The field strength distribution calculation unit within the insulation assessment module extracts a partial discharge value of 15pC from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix. This value is then substituted into the three-dimensional electric field digital model to calculate a surface electric stress distribution matrix with a peak value of 18kV / mm. The altitude compensation calculation unit extracts the altitude parameter of 3500m from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix. This parameter is then substituted into the air density derivation formula to calculate a density attenuation coefficient of 0.645. The altitude compensation calculation unit divides the surface electric stress distribution matrix by the density attenuation coefficient for compensation and amplification, resulting in a gradient insulation correction matrix with a peak value of 27.9kV / mm. The safety margin output unit performs a difference comparison operation between the gradient insulation correction matrix and the preset ultimate breakdown threshold of 30kV / mm to obtain an evaluation curve containing a safety margin value of 2.1kV / mm.

[0029] The dew point estimation unit within the microenvironment regulation module receives an external ambient temperature of -25℃ and an external absolute humidity of 80%. Substituting these values ​​into the dew point calculation formula, it arrives at an external dew point temperature of -28℃. The temperature difference threshold comparison unit extracts the primary side air box conduction temperature of 15℃ from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix. Subtracting this temperature from the external dew point temperature yields a condensation risk coefficient of 43. Since this risk coefficient exceeds the preset safety threshold of 20, the anti-condensation linkage unit generates an environmental protection command and sends it to the secondary instrument box. This command triggers the heating element to activate, outputting 500W of heat power to raise the internal temperature of the secondary instrument box to 5℃. Within the same time period when the microenvironment adjustment process starts, the transient slope extraction unit in the waveform deconstruction module extracts a 1000×1 current waveform tensor from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, and performs time derivative operation on the current waveform tensor to obtain a slope feature of 185A / ms. The waveform distortion identification unit extracts a power output fluctuation value of 4.5MW / s from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, and concatenates the slope feature and the power output fluctuation value into a source judgment data frame. The logic determination unit extracts the slope feature contained in the source judgment data frame, converts the slope feature into an absolute value parameter, and compares the absolute value parameter with a safe slope threshold of 150A / ms. Since the absolute value parameter of 185A / ms is greater than the safe slope threshold of 150A / ms, the logic determination unit extracts the waveform phase information of the B-phase short circuit from the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix, and generates a fault phase parameter based on the waveform phase information. The logic determination unit encodes the fault phase parameter and the action time limit parameter of 2ms to generate a converter isolation command. The instruction decoding unit within the converter execution module decodes the converter isolation instruction, extracting the fault phase parameters and action timing parameters. The pulse width modulation unit substitutes the action timing parameters into the pulse width control formula to obtain a drive duty cycle of 80%, and uses the drive duty cycle and fault phase parameters to generate the corresponding drive level for phase B. The timing coordination unit sends the drive level to the drive circuit contained within the switchgear. The drive circuit receives the drive level within a 1.2ms communication delay and transmits it to the vacuum arc-extinguishing component and the three-position isolation component corresponding to phase B. After receiving the drive level, the vacuum arc-extinguishing component performs a mechanical tripping action within a 15ms time span, physically blocking the 12.5kA short-circuit current contained in the main circuit. The time-delay relay built into the three-position isolation component receives the drive level and triggers the main shaft rotation of the three-position isolation component after a 30ms time delay. After the vacuum arc-extinguishing component physically blocks the short-circuit current, the three-position isolation component disconnects the internal main circuit, creating a physical isolation break with a physical spatial span of 125mm.

Claims

1. A hybrid arc-free switch control system for an environmentally friendly gas cabinet, characterized in that, include Switching and control devices with communication connections; The switchgear assembly includes an insulated metal enclosure, a vacuum arc-extinguishing assembly, a three-position isolation assembly, a main insulating shaft, a stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly, a secondary instrument box, and an intelligent control terminal. The control device includes: The parameter aggregation module enables the intelligent control terminal to acquire low-level state parameters including distributed temperature values, transient air pressure values, current waveforms, partial discharge values, and primary side air box conduction temperature. The energy management system receives grid-level parameters including output fluctuation values ​​and altitude parameters. The thermal simulation module extracts the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​contained in the underlying state parameters, substitutes the distributed temperature and transient pressure values ​​into the pressure model, obtains the pressure distribution curve, extracts the coordinates of local heat retention nodes from the pressure distribution curve, and generates heat dissipation scheduling instructions. The waveform deconstruction module calculates the slope characteristics using the current waveform contained in the underlying state parameters, performs a subtraction operation between the slope characteristics and the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the power grid level parameters, and generates an action tolerance relaxation command or a converter isolation command. The insulation assessment module uses the partial discharge value contained in the underlying state parameters and the altitude parameter contained in the power grid level parameters to perform insulation correction calculations and obtain the assessment curve. The microenvironment control module uses the primary side air box conduction temperature contained in the underlying state parameters and combines it with the pre-acquired external dew point temperature to perform a difference calculation to obtain the condensation risk coefficient. When the condensation risk coefficient is greater than the preset safety threshold, it sends an environmental protection command to the secondary instrument box. The commutation execution module receives the commutation isolation command, converts the commutation isolation command into a drive level, and sends it to the vacuum arc extinguishing component to drive the vacuum arc extinguishing component to cut off the short-circuit current inside the main circuit.

2. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter aggregation module includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a timestamp synchronization unit, and a data matrix construction unit; The analog-to-digital conversion unit receives low-level state parameters and power grid level parameters; The timestamp synchronization unit extracts the arrival time of the underlying state parameters and the power grid level parameters, receives the global clock signal, and uses the global clock signal to assign standard timestamps to the underlying state parameters and power grid level parameters corresponding to the arrival time. The data matrix construction unit concatenates the underlying state parameters and power grid level parameters into a multi-dimensional time series data matrix according to the chronological order of standard timestamps, and outputs the multi-dimensional time series data matrix to the subsequent calculation module.

3. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal simulation module includes a spatial mapping unit, a pressure gradient calculation unit, and a chimney effect optimization unit; The spatial mapping unit extracts the distributed temperature values ​​contained in the multidimensional time series data matrix, maps the distributed temperature values ​​to a preset three-dimensional spatial coordinate system, and generates a three-dimensional temperature matrix. The pressure gradient calculation unit extracts the transient pressure values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the three-dimensional temperature matrix and transient pressure values ​​into the pressure model, and performs spatial differentiation to obtain the pressure distribution curve. The pressure extreme points are extracted from the gas pressure distribution curve of the chimney effect optimization unit, and the spatial location corresponding to the pressure extreme points is marked as the coordinates of the local thermal stagnation node.

4. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The chimney effect optimization unit extracts the three-dimensional physical coordinates of the pre-stored stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly and calculates the straight-line distance between the coordinates of the local heat retention node and the three-dimensional physical coordinates. The chimney effect optimization unit substitutes the straight-line distance into the preset convection equation to calculate the minimum pressure difference value, and encapsulates the control signal containing the minimum pressure difference value into a heat dissipation scheduling command. The heat dissipation scheduling command is sent to the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly, driving cold air through the stainless steel heat dissipation pipe assembly to dissipate the heat generated inside the insulated metal enclosed box.

5. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The waveform deconstruction module includes a transient slope extraction unit, a waveform distortion recognition unit, and a logic determination unit; The transient slope extraction unit extracts the current waveform contained in the multi-dimensional time-series data matrix and performs time derivative calculation on the current waveform to obtain the slope characteristics; The waveform distortion identification unit extracts the output fluctuation values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, splices the slope features and output fluctuation values ​​into a source analysis data frame, and sends the source analysis data frame to the logic judgment unit.

6. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The logic judgment unit extracts the slope features and output fluctuation values ​​contained in the source analysis data frame; The logic determination unit converts the slope feature into an absolute value parameter and compares the absolute value parameter with a preset safe slope threshold. When the absolute value parameter is less than the safety slope threshold and the output fluctuation value exceeds the preset benchmark fluctuation range, the logic judgment unit generates an action tolerance relaxation instruction. When the absolute value parameter is greater than or equal to the safety slope threshold, the logic judgment unit extracts waveform phase information from the multi-dimensional timing data matrix, generates fault phase parameters based on the waveform phase information, and encodes the fault phase parameters and preset action time limit parameters to generate a converter isolation command.

7. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The commutation execution module includes an instruction decoding unit, a pulse width modulation unit, and a timing coordination unit; The instruction decoding unit receives the commutation isolation instruction, performs decoding operations on the commutation isolation instruction, and extracts the fault phase parameters and action time limit parameters. The pulse width modulation unit substitutes the action time limit parameter into the pulse width control formula to obtain the drive duty cycle, and uses the drive duty cycle and the fault phase parameter to generate the drive level corresponding to the fault phase parameter; The timing coordination unit sends the drive level to the vacuum arc extinguishing component and the three-station isolation component.

8. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switchgear device contains a drive circuit, which receives the drive level and transmits the drive level to the vacuum arc-extinguishing component and the three-position isolation component corresponding to the fault phase parameter. The vacuum arc-extinguishing component receives the drive level and performs a mechanical tripping action, physically blocking the short-circuit current contained in the main circuit; The built-in time-delay relay of the three-station isolation component receives the drive level and triggers the spindle of the three-station isolation component to rotate after a time delay. After the vacuum arc extinguishing component physically blocks the main circuit, the three-position isolation component disconnects the main circuit to create a physical isolation break.

9. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulation assessment module includes a field strength distribution calculation unit, an altitude compensation calculation unit, and a safety margin output unit; The field strength distribution calculation unit extracts the partial discharge values ​​contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the partial discharge values ​​into the preset three-dimensional electric field digital model, calculates the electric field strength distribution values ​​of the spatial nodes on the surface of the main insulating shaft, and generates the surface electric stress distribution matrix. The altitude compensation calculation unit extracts the altitude parameters contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, substitutes the altitude parameters into the preset air density extrapolation formula to calculate the density attenuation coefficient, and multiplies the surface electric stress distribution matrix by the density attenuation coefficient to obtain the gradient insulation correction matrix. The safety margin output unit performs a difference comparison between the gradient insulation correction matrix and the preset ultimate breakdown threshold to obtain the evaluation curve.

10. The environmentally friendly gas cabinet hybrid arc-free switch control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The microenvironment regulation module includes a dew point estimation unit, a temperature difference threshold comparison unit, and an anti-condensation linkage unit. The dew point estimation unit receives the external ambient temperature value and the external absolute humidity parameter, substitutes the external ambient temperature value and the external absolute humidity parameter into the preset dew point estimation formula, and obtains the external dew point temperature. The temperature difference threshold comparison unit extracts the primary side air box conduction temperature contained in the multi-dimensional time series data matrix, performs a difference operation between the primary side air box conduction temperature and the external dew point temperature, and obtains the condensation risk coefficient. When the condensation risk factor exceeds the preset safety threshold, the anti-condensation linkage unit generates an environmental protection command and sends it to the secondary instrument box, triggering the heating component to start heating action and increase the temperature gradient on the circuit board surface.

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