A fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of busbar trunking technology and discloses a fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking system. The busbar trunking body includes a rectangular cross-section cavity, four C-shaped heat dissipation slots, spiral finned heat dissipation tubes, an annular baffle plate, and an external condenser. The spiral finned heat dissipation tubes are filled with an electronic fluorinated liquid, absorbing heat from the single-phase conductor through the latent heat of phase change. The annular baffle plate divides the vertical ventilation cavity into independent convection units. The external condenser is arranged in the cold end area of ​​each section, and the phase change circulation of each section is independently sealed. This invention reduces dust accumulation on the heat exchange surface; the independent sealing of each section's phase change circulation eliminates the problem of heat accumulation segment by segment along the vertical direction, solving the technical problems of high power density heat dissipation, eliminating vertical temperature gradients, and the inability to simultaneously address long-distance vertical arrangements. It achieves the technical effect of independent and balanced heat dissipation capacity for each section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of busbar technology, and more specifically, to a fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar. Background Technology

[0002] In data center power supply systems, vertical busbars extend upwards from the floor distribution room to the head of each server rack, with a vertical section height reaching tens of meters. Under high current conditions, heat dissipation requirements are prominent.

[0003] In existing technologies, one approach involves vertically installing a C-shaped heat sink with inlet and outlet windows and baffles at regular intervals within the sink, dividing the air inside the vertical cavity into independent natural convection units. Another approach uses phase change working fluid filled into the heat sink and gravity-fed back through an external condenser, utilizing the latent heat of phase change to enhance heat dissipation. Spiral fins are installed on the outside of the heat sink to expose it to the open air of the vertical shaft.

[0004] However, the heat dissipation power density relying solely on air sensible heat convection is limited, and the conductor temperature rise still exceeds limits under high current conditions. In the phase change working fluid scheme, the long-distance chimney effect causes the external air temperature at the top section to be significantly higher than that at the bottom, resulting in a small condensation temperature difference at the top section and reduced condensation efficiency. Furthermore, the exposed fins on the outside of the tubes in the open vertical shaft are prone to dust accumulation, leading to contamination of the heat exchange surface and a decrease in heat dissipation efficiency. Neither of these structures can simultaneously resolve the combined contradictions of high power density heat dissipation, eliminating the vertical temperature gradient, and long-distance vertical arrangement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking, which solves the technical problems in related technologies such as insufficient heat dissipation power density under high current conditions, excessive temperature rise at the top due to heat accumulation in the vertical direction, and uneven condensation efficiency in different sections when arranged vertically over long distances.

[0006] This invention discloses a fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking system, comprising a busbar trunking body, C-shaped heat dissipation slots, spiral finned heat dissipation tubes, a single-phase conductor, an annular wind-blocking baffle, and an external condenser. The busbar trunking body is formed by splicing a left side plate, a right side plate, a front cover plate, and a rear cover plate to form a rectangular cavity extending vertically. C-shaped heat dissipation slots are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right side plates, with each slot opening towards the center of the rectangular cavity. A spiral finned heat dissipation tube is coaxially mounted at the center of each C-shaped heat dissipation slot. Spiral finned heat dissipation tubes have spiral fins formed on their outer surface, and their inner cavity is filled with a phase-change working fluid with a boiling point lower than the operating temperature of the single-phase conductor. The single-phase conductor passes axially through the center of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube, and the two ends of the tube are sealed to separate the inner cavity from the external annular baffle. The environment is airtightly isolated; annular baffles are installed at intervals along the axis inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot. The annular baffles divide the vertical ventilation cavity inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot into multiple independent spatial sections. Air inlet and air outlet windows are opened at the bottom and top of each independent spatial section, respectively; each spiral fin heat dissipation tube is equipped with an external condenser. The external condenser is arranged on the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot and is located in the area where the air inlet window of each independent spatial section is located. The steam outlet interface at the top of the spiral fin heat dissipation tube and the condensate return interface at the bottom are connected to the external condenser through pipelines to form a gravity-driven closed phase change return loop.

[0007] Furthermore, each end of the spiral finned heat sink is provided with a heat sink end flange. The heat sink end flange is fixed to the end sealing plate of the C-shaped heat sink by bolts, so that the spiral finned heat sink is suspended in the center of the inner cavity of the C-shaped heat sink and the axis coincides with the axis of the C-shaped heat sink. A conductor through hole is opened in the center of the heat sink end flange. A silicone rubber sealing sleeve is installed in the conductor through hole. The silicone rubber sealing sleeve presses against the outer surface of the single-phase conductor insulation layer. The steam outlet is opened on the top heat sink end flange, and the condensate return port is opened on the bottom heat sink end flange. The steam outlet and the condensate return port are independent of the conductor through hole.

[0008] Furthermore, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports are fixed axially at intervals on the inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink. The four arm ends of the PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports are fixed to the inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink by screws. The PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports have an inner hole in the center, through which a single-phase conductor passes. A radial gap is maintained between the inner hole and the single-phase conductor, allowing the single-phase conductor to slide freely axially.

[0009] Furthermore, the annular baffle is an annular plate. The outer edge of the annular baffle is fixed to the inner wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot by bolts. The inner ring of the annular baffle has a circular hole, which is fitted into the root position between the spiral fins on the outer wall of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube. The inner ring and the root of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube are pressed together by a silicone rubber sealing ring to form an airtight separation. The inner cavity of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube is independently filled with phase change working fluid in each independent space segment. The inner cavities of the spiral finned heat dissipation tubes between adjacent independent space segments are isolated from each other by the sealing structure at the annular baffle, and the phase change working fluid does not flow between segments.

[0010] Furthermore, the external condenser is an aluminum bellows with annular heat dissipation fins extending radially on its outer surface. The aluminum bellows is arranged vertically against the outer wall of the corresponding C-shaped heat dissipation slot and fixed to the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot at equal intervals using fixing clamps. The steam outlet at the top of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube is connected to the top inlet of the aluminum bellows via a steam outlet copper pipe. The bottom outlet of the aluminum bellows is led downwards along the outside of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot to the bottom condensate return outlet of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube via a condensate return copper pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, every three independent spatial segments constitute a standard busbar trunking segment. The end flanges of the spiral finned heat sinks between adjacent standard busbar trunking segments are connected by bolts. The working fluid chamber inside the spiral finned heat sink is completely independently sealed between the standard busbar trunking segments. At the connection between the standard busbar trunking segments, the single-phase conductors use silver-plated copper connecting sleeves and are tightened by bolts to achieve electrical conduction. The silver-plated copper connecting sleeves are covered with a prefabricated silicone rubber insulating sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the left and right side plates extend towards each other at the center line of the rectangular cavity to form inter-phase isolation partitions. The inter-phase isolation partitions extend vertically, and there is a gap between the inter-phase isolation partitions on the left and right sides. The inter-phase isolation partitions are integrally bent and formed with the corresponding side plates.

[0013] Furthermore, fireproof sealing modules are installed at the penetration points of the C-shaped heat dissipation channel at each floor slab. The fireproof sealing modules consist of intumescent graphite sealing strips and steel sealing plates. The intumescent graphite sealing strips fill the gap between the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation channel and the reserved holes in the floor slab, and the steel sealing plates cover both sides of the holes in the floor slab and are fixed to the floor slab structure with bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, each C-shaped heat dissipation trough is connected to a grounding copper busbar by bolts at its end. The grounding copper busbars of each C-shaped heat dissipation trough are connected in parallel to an independent PE copper busbar. The independent PE copper busbar is arranged along the bottom of the rectangular cavity and extends in the vertical direction. Both ends of the independent PE copper busbar are connected to the building system grounding grid by bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, the busbar trunking body is fixed to the main building structure by a spring-compensated hanging bracket. The spring-compensated hanging bracket includes an upper support fixed to the main building structure and a lower clamp that hugs the outer wall of the busbar trunking body. The upper support and the lower clamp are connected by two guide rods. The guide rods pass through the guide holes of the upper support in a vertical direction, and the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed to the lower clamp. A compression spring is fitted on the outside of each guide rod. One end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom surface of the upper support, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the top surface of the lower clamp.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention embeds spiral finned heat sinks into C-shaped heat sinks and fills them with electronic fluorinated liquid. Utilizing the latent heat of phase change to absorb heat from single-phase conductors, it increases the heat dissipation power density per unit length of the busbar trunking, effectively controlling the temperature rise of single-phase conductors under high current conditions. An annular baffle divides the vertical ventilation cavity into multiple independent convection units, cutting off the chimney effect formed by the continuous upward flow of hot air within the long vertical cavity and eliminating the vertical temperature gradient. External condensers are arranged in the cold end area where the bottom air inlets of each section are located, ensuring a consistent condensation temperature difference across sections. This avoids attenuation of condensation capacity in the top section, and the fins are not exposed to the open vertical shaft, reducing dust contamination of the heat exchange surface. Each section's phase change circulation is independently sealed, eliminating the problem of heat accumulation along the vertical direction. This solves the technical problems of simultaneously achieving high power density heat dissipation, eliminating vertical temperature gradients, and addressing the challenge of long-distance vertical arrangement, resulting in a technical effect where the heat dissipation capacity of each section is independent and balanced. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an assembly isometric drawing of the heat dissipation structure of the vertical riser section phase busbar slot in the data center of this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the heat dissipation structure of the vertical riser section phase busbar slot in the data center of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of a single C-shaped heat dissipation slot and the internal phase change heat dissipation system in the heat dissipation structure of the vertical rise section phase busbar slot of the data center of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation structure of the vertical riser section phase busbar slot in the data center of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the windbreak baffle of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polyetheretherketone cross-shaped sliding sleeve support of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external condenser of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Rectangular cavity of the busbar trunking body; 2. Left side plate; 3. Right side plate; 4. Front cover plate; 5. Rear cover plate; 6. C-shaped heat dissipation groove; 7. Spiral finned heat dissipation tube; 8. Single-phase conductor; 9. External condenser; 10. Windbreak baffle; 11. Air inlet window; 12. Air outlet window; 13. Phase-to-phase isolation baffle; 14. Heat dissipation tube end flange; 15. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cross-shaped sliding sleeve support; 16. Silicone rubber sealing sleeve; 17. HFE-7100 phase change working fluid; 18. Steam outlet interface; 19. Condensate return interface; 20. External condenser; 21. Steam outlet copper pipe; 22. Condensate return copper pipe; 23. Silicone rubber sealing ring; 24. Annular heat dissipation fins. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, some features described in the examples may be combined in other examples.

[0020] This embodiment provides a fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking system, including: like Figure 1 As shown, the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body is formed by splicing a left side plate 2, a right side plate 3, a front cover plate 4, and a rear cover plate 5 together with corner latches 25 to form a rectangular cross-section cavity, which extends vertically. Figure 2 As shown, the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction. The front cover plate 4 and the rear cover plate 5 respectively enclose the front and rear sides of the rectangular cross-section cavity. The four plates are interlocked and fixed at the four edges by corner latches 25.

[0021] like Figure 4 As shown, two C-shaped heat dissipation slots 6 are fixed to the inner wall of the left side plate 2, and two C-shaped heat dissipation slots 6 are fixed to the inner wall of the right side plate 3, for a total of four C-shaped heat dissipation slots 6, which respectively accommodate the A-phase, B-phase, C-phase, and N-phase units. Each C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 is formed by bending an aluminum alloy plate into a C-shaped cross-section, with the opening of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 facing the center of the rectangular cross-section cavity, and is fixed to the inner wall of the corresponding side plate at equal intervals by bolts.

[0022] Each C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 has a spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 coaxially mounted at its center. The spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 is made of extruded aluminum alloy profile, with the tube body extending vertically. Spiral fins are integrally extruded onto the outer surface of the tube body, and the spiral fins are continuously spirally distributed along the axial direction of the tube body. Each end of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 has a heat dissipation tube end flange 14, which is bolted to the end sealing plate of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6, suspending the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 at the center of the inner cavity of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 with its axis coinciding with the axis of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the single-phase conductor 8 is a copper busbar, and its surface is covered with a silicone rubber insulating layer. The single-phase conductor 8 passes through the center of the spiral finned heat sink 7 axially. Figure 6 As shown, a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cross-shaped sliding sleeve support 15 is fixed at certain intervals along the axial direction on the inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink 7. The four arm ends of the PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve support 15 are fixed to the inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink 7 by screws. The PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve support 15 has an inner hole in the center, and the single-phase conductor 8 passes through the inner hole. A radial gap is maintained between the inner hole and the single-phase conductor 8, allowing the single-phase conductor 8 to slide freely along the axial direction to absorb the expansion and contraction caused by thermal expansion.

[0024] A conductor through hole is opened at the center of the end flange 14 at both ends of the spiral finned heat sink 7. A silicone rubber sealing sleeve 16 is installed in the conductor through hole, and the silicone rubber sealing sleeve 16 presses against the outer surface of the insulation layer of the single-phase conductor 8 to achieve airtight isolation between the inner cavity of the spiral finned heat sink 7 and the external environment. Apart from the space occupied by the single-phase conductor 8 and the polyetheretherketone cross-shaped sliding sleeve support 15, the inner cavity of the spiral finned heat sink 7 is filled with HFE-7100 phase change working medium 17 as the phase change working medium. The volume of HFE-7100 phase change working medium 17 occupies a certain proportion of the usable space inside the spiral finned heat sink 7, and the boiling point of HFE-7100 phase change working medium 17 at normal pressure is lower than the normal operating temperature of the single-phase conductor 8. A steam outlet port 18 is opened on the end flange 14 at the top of the spiral finned heat sink 7, and a condensate return port 19 is opened on the end flange 14 at the bottom of the spiral finned heat sink 7. Both the steam outlet port 18 and the condensate return port 19 are independent of the conductor through holes.

[0025] like Figure 5As shown, a baffle plate 10 is installed every meter along the axial direction inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6. The baffle plate 10 is a ring-shaped plate stamped from aluminum alloy sheet. The outer edge of the baffle plate 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 by bolts. The inner ring of the baffle plate 10 has a circular hole, which is fitted into the root position between the spiral fins on the outer wall of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7. The inner ring and the root of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 are pressed together by a silicone rubber sealing ring 23 to form an airtight separation. The baffle plate 10 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7, dividing the vertical ventilation cavity inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 into multiple independent spatial segments of one meter in length.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 has an air inlet window 11 at the bottom of each one-meter section along the axial direction, and an air outlet window 12 at the top of each one-meter section. Both the air inlet window 11 and the air outlet window 12 penetrate the trough wall and the corresponding busbar side plate to the outer surface of the side plate, and the outside of the window is covered with a dustproof grille. Within each one-meter section, cold air enters from the bottom air inlet window 11, flows upward along the spiral channel formed by the spiral fins on the outer surface of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7, absorbs the heat transferred by the spiral fins, and is then discharged from the top air outlet window 12, forming an independent natural convection unit.

[0027] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the external condenser 20 adopts a finned bellows structure. Each spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 is equipped with an external condenser 20, which is an aluminum bellows with annular heat dissipation fins 24 extending radially on its outer surface. The aluminum bellows are arranged vertically against the outer wall of the corresponding C-shaped heat dissipation groove 6 and fixed to the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation groove 6 at equal intervals by fixing clamps. The steam outlet 18 at the top of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 is connected to the top inlet of the aluminum bellows of the external condenser 20 through a steam outlet copper pipe 21. The bottom outlet of the aluminum bellows of the external condenser 20 is led downward along the outside of the C-shaped heat dissipation groove 6 to the bottom condensate return outlet 19 of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 through a condensate return copper pipe 22, forming a gravity-driven closed return loop. An external condenser 20 with aluminum corrugated pipes is arranged in the area of ​​the bottom air inlet 11 of each one-meter section. The outer surface of the aluminum corrugated pipes is in direct contact with the cold air entering from the air inlet 11, so that the external condenser 20 is always in the position with the lowest temperature in the convection unit. The HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 is heated and evaporated by the heat of the single-phase conductor 8 in the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7. The vapor rises along the inner cavity of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 to the top steam outlet 18, and enters the aluminum corrugated pipe of the external condenser 20 through the steam outlet copper pipe 21 to condense and release latent heat. The condensate flows back to the bottom of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 along the condensate return copper pipe 22 under the action of gravity, completing the circulation.

[0028] It should be noted that each one-meter segment of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 and the corresponding external condenser 20 aluminum corrugated tube segment form an independent phase change circulation loop. The two ends of each one-meter segment of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 are airtightly separated by the tube wall at the baffle plate 10. The inner cavity of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 is independently filled with HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 within that one-meter segment. The top of this segment of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 has a steam outlet port 18 connected to the top inlet of the external condenser 20 aluminum corrugated tube, and the bottom outlet of the external condenser 20 aluminum corrugated tube is connected to the bottom condensate return port 19 of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7. Steam rising, condensation, and return are all completed within this one-meter segment. The inner cavities of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 between adjacent one-meter segments are isolated from each other by a sealing structure at the baffle plate 10, and the HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 does not circulate between segments.

[0029] Furthermore, to eliminate heat accumulation caused by height differences between adjacent sections, each three-meter section constitutes a standard busbar trunking segment, and each standard busbar trunking segment contains three independent one-meter convection units. Between adjacent standard busbar trunking segments, the end flanges 14 of the spiral finned heat sink 7 are bolted together. The working fluid chamber inside the spiral finned heat sink 7 is completely independently sealed, and the conductor through-hole is isolated from the working fluid chamber by a silicone rubber sealing sleeve 16. This ensures that the three one-meter phase change cycles within each three-meter unit of the standard busbar trunking segment are independent of each other, and there is no HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 connected between the standard busbar trunking segments. At the segment connection, the single-phase conductor 8 uses a silver-plated copper connecting sleeve, which is tightened with bolts to achieve electrical continuity. The silver-plated copper connecting sleeve is externally covered with a prefabricated silicone rubber insulating sleeve.

[0030] Furthermore, to isolate electromagnetic interference and thermal crosstalk between phases, the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 extend towards each other at the center line of the rectangular cross-section cavity, forming interphase isolation partitions 13. The interphase isolation partitions 13 extend vertically, and their height accounts for 60% of the net height inside the rectangular cross-section cavity. A gap is left between the left and right interphase isolation partitions 13. The interphase isolation partitions 13 are integrally bent and formed with the corresponding side plates.

[0031] Furthermore, to prevent the fault arc from spreading along the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking to the upper floor slab, fireproof sealing modules are installed at the penetration points of the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 at each floor slab level. The fireproof sealing module consists of an intumescent graphite sealing strip and a steel sealing plate. The intumescent graphite sealing strip fills the gap between the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 and the pre-drilled hole in the floor slab, while the steel sealing plate covers both sides of the floor slab hole and is fixed to the floor slab structure with bolts. In the event of a fire at high temperatures, the intumescent graphite sealing strip expands to seal the gap, and together with the steel sealing plate, confines the flames and smoke within the corresponding busbar trunking section of a single floor slab.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to reliably ground the metal casing of the C-type heat dissipation trough 6, a grounding copper busbar is bolted to the end of each C-type heat dissipation trough 6, and the grounding copper busbars of each C-type heat dissipation trough 6 are connected in parallel to an independent PE copper busbar. The independent PE copper busbar is arranged along the bottom of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body and extends in the vertical direction. Both ends of the independent PE copper busbar are bolted to the building system grounding grid.

[0033] Furthermore, to accommodate the axial thermal expansion of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body due to temperature changes, the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body is fixed to the main building structure every two meters using spring-compensated hanging brackets. The spring-compensated hanging brackets include an upper support fixed to the main building structure and a lower clamp that grips the outer wall of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body. The upper support and the lower clamp are connected by two guide rods, which pass vertically through guide holes in the upper support and have their bottom ends fixed to the lower clamp. Compression springs are fitted onto the outside of each guide rod, with one end abutting the bottom surface of the upper support and the other end abutting the top surface of the lower clamp. The pre-compression of the springs allows the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body to undergo slight axial expansion and contraction without rigidly constraining the main building structure.

[0034] Working principle When the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking is energized, the single-phase conductor 8 generates Joule heat due to the current flowing through it, causing its temperature to rise. The heat from the single-phase conductor 8 is transferred to the HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 inside the spiral finned heat sink 7 via radiation from the surface of the silicone rubber insulation layer and convection. When the temperature of the HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 reaches its boiling point, it evaporates around the single-phase conductor 8, absorbing latent heat. The vapor rises vertically within the one-meter section of the spiral finned heat sink 7 to the top of that section. Steam enters the corresponding external condenser 20 aluminum corrugated pipe through the steam outlet 18 at the top of the section and the steam outlet copper pipe 21. The outer surface of the aluminum corrugated pipe comes into contact with the cold air entering from the air inlet 11 of the section. The steam condenses and releases latent heat on the inner wall of the aluminum corrugated pipe. Under the action of gravity, the condensate flows back to the bottom of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 of the section along the condensate return copper pipe 22, completing one phase change cycle within the one-meter section.

[0035] In some embodiments, the natural convection process within each one-meter segment is as follows: cold air enters the inner cavity of the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 from the bottom air inlet 11 of the segment. The cold air flows upward along the spiral channel formed by the spiral fins on the outer surface of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7. The spiral fins increase the contact area between the cold air and the tube wall of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube 7 and extend the flow path of the cold air. After absorbing the heat transferred from the surface of the spiral fins, the cold air increases in temperature and decreases in density. Driven by buoyancy, it continues to rise and is discharged from the top air outlet 12 of the segment to the external space of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body. The wind baffle 10 completely and airtightly isolates adjacent segments, preventing hot air from the lower segment from directly rising to the upper segment. Each segment independently completes the cold air intake and exhaust heat cycle.

[0036] The C-shaped heat sink 6 is embedded with a spiral finned heat sink 7 and filled with HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17. The HFE-7100 phase change working fluid 17 absorbs the heat of the single-phase conductor 8 by utilizing the latent heat of vaporization. Its heat absorption capacity per unit mass is much higher than that of air sensible heat convection. Therefore, it can remove more heat within the same length of the spiral finned heat sink 7, thereby increasing the heat dissipation power density of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking body per unit length and effectively controlling the temperature rise of the single-phase conductor 8 under high current conditions.

[0037] The wind baffle 10 divides the vertical ventilation cavity inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot 6 into multiple independent one-meter-segment natural convection units. Each segment independently introduces cold air at the bottom and independently exhausts hot air at the top, cutting off the chimney effect formed by the continuous upward movement of hot air in the long vertical cavity and eliminating the vertical temperature gradient caused by the accumulation of hot air, where the temperature at the top is significantly higher than that at the bottom.

[0038] The external condenser 20, with its aluminum corrugated pipe, is positioned outside the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 and located in the cold end area where the bottom air inlet 11 of each one-meter section is located. The outer surface of the external condenser 20 is always in contact with cold air at a temperature close to the supply air temperature of the cold aisle. Regardless of whether the external condenser 20 is located at the top or bottom of the vertical section of the rectangular cavity 1 of the busbar trunking, its condensation temperature difference remains consistent. Therefore, the condensation efficiency of each section is balanced, avoiding the problem of condensation capacity reduction in the top section due to increased ambient temperature. The external condenser 20 is located on the closed outer wall side of the C-shaped heat dissipation trough 6 rather than in an open vertical shaft. The surface of the annular heat dissipation fins 24 is not exposed to the open airflow of the vertical shaft, reducing dust accumulation and contamination of the heat exchange surface.

[0039] Each one-meter segment has an independent and sealed phase change cycle, and there is no connection between segments using the HFE-7100 phase change working medium 17. Heat is only transferred within this segment to the external condenser 20 for discharge through the phase change cycle. There is no path for heat to be transferred to adjacent segments via the HFE-7100 phase change working medium 17. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of each segment in the entire vertical segment is independent, eliminating the problem of heat accumulating segment by segment along the vertical direction.

[0040] The spiral fins are continuously distributed along the outer surface of the spiral fin heat dissipation tube 7. The cold air is forced to flow along the spiral path in the spiral channel formed by the spiral fins, which prolongs the contact time between the cold air and the spiral fins and increases the heat exchange area, thereby improving the natural convection heat transfer coefficient. This allows effective convection heat dissipation to be maintained even when the air supply volume in the cold aisle is low.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make more equivalent embodiments under the guidance of the present embodiments, and all of them are within the protection scope of the present embodiments.

Claims

1. A full ground isolated phase construction busway, comprising: include: The busbar trunking body is formed by splicing together a left side plate, a right side plate, a front cover plate, and a rear cover plate to form a rectangular cavity extending in the vertical direction; C-shaped heat dissipation grooves are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right panels respectively, with the opening of each C-shaped heat dissipation groove facing the center of the rectangular cavity; Each C-type heat sink has a spiral finned heat sink tube coaxially installed in the center of its inner cavity. The outer surface of the spiral finned heat sink tube is formed with spiral fins, and the inner cavity of the spiral finned heat sink tube is filled with a phase change working fluid with a boiling point lower than the working temperature of a single-phase conductor. A single-phase conductor passes through the center of the spiral finned heat sink along the axial direction, and the two ends of the spiral finned heat sink are sealed to achieve airtight isolation between the inner cavity and the external environment. Annular baffles are installed at intervals along the axial direction inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot. The annular baffles divide the vertical ventilation cavity inside the C-shaped heat dissipation slot into multiple independent spatial sections. Each independent spatial section has an air inlet window and an air outlet window at its bottom and top, respectively. Each spiral finned heat dissipation tube is equipped with an external condenser. The external condenser is arranged on the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot and is located in the area of ​​the air inlet window of each independent space section. The steam outlet at the top of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube and the condensate return outlet at the bottom are respectively connected to the external condenser through pipelines to form a gravity-driven closed phase change return loop.

2. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each end of the spiral finned heat sink has a heat sink end flange, which is fixed to the end sealing plate of the C-shaped heat sink by bolts, so that the spiral finned heat sink is suspended in the center of the inner cavity of the C-shaped heat sink and the axis coincides with the axis of the C-shaped heat sink. A conductor through hole is opened in the center of the heat sink end flange, and a silicone rubber sealing sleeve is installed in the conductor through hole. The silicone rubber sealing sleeve presses against the outer surface of the single-phase conductor insulation layer. The steam outlet is opened on the top heat sink end flange, and the condensate return port is opened on the bottom heat sink end flange. The steam outlet and the condensate return port are independent of the conductor through hole.

3. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink is fixed with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports at axial intervals. The four arms of the PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports are fixed to the inner wall of the spiral finned heat sink by screws. The PEEK cross-shaped sliding sleeve supports have an inner hole in the center, through which a single-phase conductor passes. A radial gap is maintained between the inner hole and the single-phase conductor, allowing the single-phase conductor to slide freely along the axial direction.

4. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular baffle is an annular plate. The outer edge of the annular baffle is fixed to the inner wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot by bolts. The inner ring of the annular baffle has a circular hole, which is fitted into the root position between the spiral fins on the outer wall of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube. The inner ring and the root of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube are pressed together by a silicone rubber sealing ring to form an airtight separation. The inner cavity of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube is independently filled with phase change working fluid in each independent space segment. The inner cavities of the spiral finned heat dissipation tubes between adjacent independent space segments are isolated from each other by the sealing structure at the annular baffle, and the phase change working fluid does not flow between segments.

5. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external condenser is an aluminum bellows with annular heat dissipation fins extending radially on its outer surface. The aluminum bellows is arranged vertically against the outer wall of the corresponding C-shaped heat dissipation slot and fixed to the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot at equal intervals using fixing clamps. The steam outlet at the top of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube is connected to the top inlet of the aluminum bellows via a steam outlet copper pipe. The bottom outlet of the aluminum bellows is led downwards along the outside of the C-shaped heat dissipation slot to the bottom condensate return outlet of the spiral finned heat dissipation tube via a condensate return copper pipe.

6. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 4, characterized in that, Every three independent spatial segments constitute a standard busbar trunking segment. The end flanges of the spiral finned heat sinks between adjacent standard busbar trunking segments are connected by bolts. The working fluid chamber inside the spiral finned heat sink is completely sealed independently between the standard busbar trunking segments. At the connection between the standard busbar trunking segments, the single-phase conductors use silver-plated copper connecting sleeves and are tightened by bolts to achieve electrical conduction. The silver-plated copper connecting sleeves are covered with a prefabricated silicone rubber insulating sleeve.

7. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left and right side plates extend towards each other at the center line of the rectangular cavity, forming alternating partitions. The alternating partitions extend vertically, with gaps between them. The alternating partitions are integrally bent and formed with the corresponding side plates.

8. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fireproof sealing modules are installed at the penetration points of the C-shaped heat dissipation channel at each floor slab location. The fireproof sealing modules consist of intumescent graphite sealing strips and steel sealing plates. The intumescent graphite sealing strips fill the gap between the outer wall of the C-shaped heat dissipation channel and the reserved holes in the floor slab. The steel sealing plates cover both sides of the holes in the floor slab and are fixed to the floor slab structure with bolts.

9. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each C-shaped heat dissipation trough is connected to a grounding copper busbar by bolts at its end. The grounding copper busbars of each C-shaped heat dissipation trough are connected in parallel to an independent PE copper busbar. The independent PE copper busbar is arranged along the bottom of the rectangular cavity and extends in the vertical direction. Both ends of the independent PE copper busbar are connected to the building system grounding grid by bolts.

10. The fully grounded, phase-separated, high-density busbar trunking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar trunking body is fixed to the main building structure by a spring-compensated hanging bracket. The spring-compensated hanging bracket includes an upper support fixed to the main building structure and a lower clamp that hugs the outer wall of the busbar trunking body. The upper support and the lower clamp are connected by two guide rods. The guide rods pass through the guide holes of the upper support in a vertical direction, and the bottom end of the guide rod is fixed to the lower clamp. A compression spring is fitted on the outside of each guide rod. One end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom surface of the upper support, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the top surface of the lower clamp.

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