Ventilated cooling cable branch box

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of cable branch boxes, and particularly relates to a ventilated and cooled cable branch box, which comprises a branch box body, a shunt plate is clamped to the bottom of the inner side of the branch box body, a plurality of shunt holes are formed in the top of the shunt plate, the plurality of shunt holes are linearly and equidistantly arranged, and grooves are formed in front and back of the shunt holes in the top of the shunt plate. In the application, the shunt holes are alternately switched between plugging and opening through periodic swinging of the grid plate driven by the electric cylinder, a pulse airflow is formed in the branch box body, an impact and turbulence effect is generated, a thermal boundary layer on the surface of an electrical element is destroyed, the efficiency of convective heat exchange is greatly improved, the inclination angle of the grid plate can be adjusted to guide cold air to different areas, the temperature field is uniformly distributed, and single driving source coupling control of three functions of swinging of the grid plate, adjustment of the airflow direction and plugging of the shunt holes is realized through meshing transmission of the toothed plate and the gear and sliding cooperation of the transmission groove and the transmission plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cable branch box technology, specifically a ventilated and cooling cable branch box. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of cable-based power distribution networks, when small-capacity and concentrated independent loads converge in the same area, cable branch boxes are typically used to connect multiple cables. The branch box itself does not directly operate on each branch, but mainly undertakes the functions of cable tapping and transfer. It is a connection device without operational functions. Traditional branch boxes are mostly used in outdoor environments. In recent years, branch boxes with switching functions have gradually increased to adapt to more flexible power distribution needs. At the same time, urban power supply systems generally adopt a dual-circuit structure to improve power supply reliability. Against this background, the ventilation and heat dissipation design of cable branch boxes is particularly important. Due to the compact space inside the box and the fact that cable joints and switching equipment generate a lot of heat during operation, poor heat dissipation will directly affect the equipment life and operational safety.

[0003] Existing technologies disclose several invention patents in the field of cable branch box technology. Among them, invention patent with publication number CN110729695A discloses a ventilated and cooled cable branch box, including a cable branch box, support legs, wire assembly, ventilation holes, a first fan, air duct, sealing cover, water tank, water inlet, L-shaped metal plate, slider, metal strip, electromagnet, slide rail, partition, heat sink, second fan, heat dissipation chamber, and alarm. An air duct penetrating the water tank is provided at the bottom of the heat sink. A second motor in the air duct brings cold air into the cable branch box for heat dissipation. The first fan is installed in the heat dissipation chamber. This invention can expel excess hot air from the cable branch box, increasing the frequency of hot and cold air exchange inside the box, accelerating cooling, and ensuring the working efficiency of the cable branch box. The invention has a compact structure and an alarm is installed on one side of the cable branch box. When a circuit fault occurs inside the cable branch box, the alarm sounds, the two electromagnets are de-energized and separated, the slider moves, and the grounding circuit is connected, thus protecting the cable branch box from power failure and reducing fault losses. Existing ventilation and cooling methods for cable branch boxes are relatively simple, usually using the method of directly introducing external air, which makes it difficult to avoid the cold air blowing directly on the cables and electrical components inside the box.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a ventilation and cooling cable branch box to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a ventilated and cooled cable branch box. This invention primarily addresses the problem that existing cable branch boxes rely on relatively simple ventilation and cooling methods, typically involving the direct introduction of external air. This approach often fails to prevent the cold air from blowing directly onto the cables and electrical components inside the box.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a ventilation and cooling cable branch box, including a branch box body, a diversion plate is snapped into the bottom of the inner side of the branch box body, a plurality of diversion holes are opened on the top of the diversion plate, the plurality of diversion holes are arranged linearly and equidistantly, a sliding groove is opened on the top of the diversion plate corresponding to the front and back of the diversion holes, a sealing plate is slidably arranged on the top of the diversion plate corresponding to each diversion hole, and two sliders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate, the two sliders are slidably engaged with the two sliding grooves respectively; An outer frame is snapped into the inside of the branch box body and above the diversion plate. A transition shaft is rotatably connected to each of the diversion holes on the outer frame. A grid plate is fixedly sleeved on each transition shaft. A transmission groove is opened at the bottom of each grid plate. A transmission plate is slidably connected in each transmission groove. Multiple second transition plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of each transmission plate. A first transition plate is rotatably connected to each second transition plate. The bottoms of multiple first transition plates corresponding to the same sealing plate are fixedly connected to the top of the sealing plate.

[0007] Preferably, the side wall of the branch box body has a communication port located below the diverter plate, and a first pipe is connected to the communication port. A fourth solenoid valve is installed on the first pipe. A box body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the branch box body, and a fan is installed at the bottom inside the box body. The end of the first pipe away from the branch box body is connected to the output end of the fan, and the first pipe is snapped onto the side wall of the box body.

[0008] Preferably, each of the grid plates has a through hole, and a gear is embedded in each through hole. Multiple gears are respectively fixedly sleeved on multiple adapter shafts. A toothed plate passes through multiple through holes and meshes with multiple gears. An electric cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the branch box body. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the toothed plate. A fourth pipe is connected to the first pipe. A third solenoid valve is installed on the fourth pipe. The fourth pipe is located between the fourth solenoid valve and the fan.

[0009] Preferably, a heat dissipation pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the branch box body, a one-way valve is installed at the end of the heat dissipation pipe, a second pipe is connected to the heat dissipation pipe, a first solenoid valve is installed on the second pipe, a third pipe is connected to the input end of the fan, a second solenoid valve is installed on the third pipe, the end of the second pipe away from the heat dissipation pipe is connected to the third pipe, and this port is located between the second solenoid valve and the input port of the fan, and the second pipe is snapped onto the side wall of the box body.

[0010] Preferably, a spiral guide plate, a curved plate, and guide vanes are fixedly connected between the front and rear walls of the inner side of the housing. The spiral guide plate, the curved plate, and the guide vanes together form a guiding structure for the high-speed rotation of dust-laden air within the housing. The curved plate is located inside the spiral guide plate, and the guide vanes are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the housing, located between the guide vanes and the spiral guide plate, and an air inlet pipe is snapped into the air inlet. A partition plate is attached to the inner wall of the housing between the spiral guide plate and the fan, and the end of the third pipe away from the fan is attached to the side wall of the partition plate.

[0011] Preferably, two tube supports are fixedly connected to the side of the partition plate facing the spiral guide plate, and a heat exchange tube is passed through the two tube supports. The heat exchange tube is arranged in an S-shaped bend. A first partition plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two tube supports. A second partition plate is embedded between the spiral guide plate, the curved plate and the guide vane at the positions corresponding to the two first partition plates. A water tank is installed at the bottom of the inner side of the box.

[0012] Preferably, a third drain pipe is connected between the opposite surfaces of the two second partitions. One end of the third drain pipe is connected to one end of the heat exchange tube, and the other end of the third drain pipe is connected to one end of the second drain pipe. The other end of the second drain pipe is connected to the water tank. The other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to a first drain pipe, and the other end of the first drain pipe is connected to the water tank. Both the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe are connected to one of the second partitions.

[0013] Preferably, the third drainage pipe has a notch, and a bridge pipe is rotatably connected to the third drainage pipe at the notch via two rotary joints. A bridge bracket is snapped into each of the two openings of the bridge pipe, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to each of the two bridge brackets. A spiral blade is wound around each of the two rotating shafts, and multiple impeller blades are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge pipe in a ring array.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are fixedly connected at intervals along the axial direction on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the grid plate is driven by an electric cylinder to periodically oscillate, causing the diversion holes to alternate between blocking and opening. This creates a pulsed airflow within the branch box, generating impact and turbulence effects, which disrupt the thermal boundary layer on the surface of electrical components, significantly improving convective heat transfer efficiency. Adjusting the tilt angle of the grid plate can guide the cold airflow to different areas, resulting in a uniform temperature field distribution. Through the meshing transmission of the toothed plate and gears, and the sliding cooperation between the transmission groove and the transmission plate, a single drive source is coupled to control the three functions of grid plate oscillation, airflow direction adjustment, and diversion hole blocking, reducing system complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0016] 2. In this invention, air is first drawn out to form a negative pressure, and then cold air is introduced into the branch box body. The pressure difference is used to make the cold air rush in quickly, forming an explosive air intake effect, shortening the heat dissipation cycle. The negative pressure forces the hot air out, avoiding the mixing of new and old air, ensuring that each introduction is cold air that has not been preheated. During the air extraction stage, the hot air with high moisture content is discharged first, reducing the probability of condensation from the source and ensuring the reliability of insulation.

[0017] 3. In this invention, a guiding structure consisting of a spiral guide plate, a curved plate, and guide vanes is used to make the dust-laden air rotate at high speed. The dust is thrown towards the wall surface by centrifugal force to achieve gas-solid separation. Large dust particles are removed before the air enters the branch box body, reducing wear and contamination of electrical components and extending the equipment life. At the same time, negative pressure active ventilation is used to ensure that the sealed box receives sufficient clean cold air and avoid dust accumulation affecting heat dissipation.

[0018] 4. In this invention, during the forced swirling process, the air first undergoes primary cooling with the coolant in the third guide pipe, and then undergoes secondary cooling through the heat exchange tube. The superposition of the two stages results in a significant temperature drop. At the same time, the rotating airflow washes over the impeller blades to drive the bridge pipe to rotate, and sequentially drives the spiral blades to rotate through the bridge frame and the rotating shaft. This causes the coolant to passively and adaptively circulate between the water tank, the guide pipe, and the heat exchange tube. The flow rate is automatically adjusted according to the airflow speed, increasing when the heat exchange is large and decreasing when the heat exchange is small.

[0019] 5. In this invention, the densely packed heat dissipation fins on the heat exchange tubes significantly increase the heat exchange area, allowing for full heat exchange between the air and the coolant, thus significantly improving the secondary cooling effect. At the same time, the tortuous channels formed by the dense arrangement of the fins intercept and impact residual fine dust, achieving secondary dust reduction. This eliminates the need for additional dust removal devices, further purifying the air entering the branch box body, reducing dust accumulation on the surfaces of components such as cable joints and switch contacts, reducing increased contact resistance, deteriorated heat dissipation, and the risk of creepage flashover, thereby improving system reliability and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled box structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grid plate structure in this invention; Figure 9 In this invention Figure 8 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 10 In this invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure viewed from below; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the bridge nozzle in this invention. Figure 12 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second and third pipes in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Branch box body; 2. Diverter plate; 3. Diverter hole; 4. Slide groove; 5. Slider; 6. Sealing plate; 7. Adapter shaft; 8. First adapter plate; 9. Second adapter plate; 10. Gear; 11. Through hole; 12. Electric cylinder; 13. Transmission plate; 14. Gear plate; 15. Outer frame; 16. Grid plate; 17. Transmission groove; 18. First pipe; 19. Fan; 20. Heat dissipation pipe; 21. Check valve; 22. Second pipe; 23. Box body; 24. First solenoid valve; 25. Third pipe; 26. 27. Second solenoid valve; 28. Fourth pipe; 29. ​​Third solenoid valve; 30. Divider plate; 31. Pipe rack; 32. Heat exchange tube; 33. Water tank; 34. Heat dissipation fins; 35. First drain pipe; 36. Second drain pipe; 37. Third drain pipe; 38. Bridging pipe; 39. Impeller blade; 40. Bridging frame; 41. Shaft; 42. Spiral blade; 43. First partition plate; 44. Second partition plate; 45. Fourth solenoid valve; 46. Spiral guide plate; 47. Curved plate; 48. Guide vane; 49. Inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, a ventilation and cooling cable branch box includes a branch box body 1. A diversion plate 2 is snapped into the bottom of the inner side of the branch box body 1. The top of the diversion plate 2 has multiple diversion holes 3, which are arranged linearly and equidistantly. The top of the diversion plate 2 has sliding grooves 4 corresponding to the front and rear of the diversion holes 3. A sealing plate 6 is slidably installed on the top of the diversion plate 2 corresponding to each diversion hole 3. Two sliders 5 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate 6, and the two sliders 5 are slidably engaged with the two sliding grooves 4 respectively.

[0025] An outer frame 15 is snapped into the inside of the branch box body 1 and above the diversion plate 2. A transition shaft 7 is rotatably connected to each diversion hole 3 on the outer frame 15. A grid plate 16 is fixedly sleeved on each transition shaft 7. A transmission groove 17 is opened at the bottom of each grid plate 16. A transmission plate 13 is slidably connected in each transmission groove 17. Multiple second transition plates 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom of each transmission plate 13. A first transition plate 8 is rotatably connected to each second transition plate 9. The bottoms of multiple first transition plates 8 corresponding to the same sealing plate 6 are fixedly connected to the top of the sealing plate 6.

[0026] A connecting port is provided on the side wall of the branch box body 1. The connecting port is located below the diversion plate 2 and is connected to a first pipe 18. A fourth solenoid valve 44 is installed on the first pipe 18. A box body 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the branch box body 1. A fan 19 is installed on the bottom of the inner side of the box body 23. The end of the first pipe 18 away from the branch box body 1 is connected to the output end of the fan 19, and the first pipe 18 is snapped onto the side wall of the box body 23.

[0027] Each grid plate 16 has a through hole 11, and a gear 10 is embedded in each through hole 11. Multiple gears 10 are fixedly sleeved on multiple adapter shafts 7. A toothed plate 14 passes through multiple through holes 11 and meshes with multiple gears 10. An electric cylinder 12 is installed on the inner wall of the branch box body 1. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the toothed plate 14. A fourth pipe 27 is connected to the first pipe 18. A third solenoid valve 28 is installed on the fourth pipe 27. The fourth pipe 27 is located between the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the fan 19.

[0028] Specifically, this implementation involves the following steps: When the internal temperature of the branch box body 1 is detected to be too high, the system sends corresponding operating commands to the fourth solenoid valve 44, the fan 19, and the electric cylinder 12. The fourth solenoid valve 44 opens, and the fan 19 starts, drawing in and pressurizing external air before discharging it through its outlet. The discharged air flows into the branch box body 1 through the first pipe 18. The air entering the branch box body 1 is then diverted through multiple diversion holes 3 on the diversion plate 2 and continues to flow upwards. Finally, it flows out of the branch box body 1 through the heat dissipation pipe 20. During the upward flow of the air, the cables and electrical components inside the branch box body 1 are ventilated and cooled. As the air is diverted through the multiple diversion holes 3 and flows upwards, the system controls the electric cylinder 12 to perform a reciprocating telescopic motion. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 12 generates a pushing or pulling force on the toothed plate 14. Through the meshing transmission between the toothed plate 14 and multiple gears 10, the linear reciprocating motion of the electric cylinder 12 is converted into the simultaneous reciprocating rotational motion of multiple adapter shafts 7. This drives the grid plates 16 on each adapter shaft 7 to rotate synchronously, changing their tilt angle and thus adjusting the airflow direction within the branch box body 1. During the rotation of the grid plates 16 driven by the adapter shafts 7, a pushing or pulling force is applied to the transmission plate 13 through the transmission groove 17. The transmission plate 13 slides and extends accordingly within the transmission groove 17. At the same time, the bottom of the transmission plate 13 rotates around multiple first adapter plates 8 through multiple second adapter plates 9, thereby driving the sealing plate 6 to slide back and forth along the slide groove 4. When the adapter shaft 7 drives the grid plates 16 to rotate to... In the vertical position, the sealing plate 6 slides to cover the diversion hole 3, blocking the upward airflow and ensuring the stability of the electrical connection between the cable and each electrical component. As the adapter shaft 7 continues to drive the grid plate 16 to rotate, the sealing plate 6 gradually moves away from the diversion hole 3, and the diversion hole 3 reopens. This process repeats, forming a pulsed airflow within the branch box body 1. The reciprocating motion of the electric cylinder 12 drives the grid plate 16 to oscillate periodically, causing the diversion hole 3 to alternate between being blocked and open, forming a pulsed airflow within the branch box body 1. Compared to a constant airflow, the pulsed airflow can generate impact and turbulence effects, effectively breaking down the thermal boundary layer formed on the surface of electrical components, significantly improving convective heat transfer efficiency, and resulting in a more significant cooling effect. By adjusting the grid... The tilt angle of the grid plate 16 can actively guide the flow of cold air to different areas within the branch box body 1, avoiding local overheating caused by uneven airflow distribution and making the temperature field within the branch box body 1 more uniform. The periodic blocking of the diversion holes 3 by the sealing plate 6 can intermittently block the direct upward blowing of cold air, preventing condensation when cold air comes into contact with high-temperature components inside the box, effectively reducing the risk of condensation, and thus ensuring stable and reliable creepage distance and insulation performance between cables and various electrical components. Through the meshing transmission of the toothed plate 14 and the gear 10, and the sliding cooperation of the transmission groove 17 and the transmission plate 13, a single drive source coupled control is achieved for the three functions of grid plate 16 swinging, airflow direction adjustment, and diversion hole 3 blocking. During the periodic start and stop of the pulsed airflow...The repeated changes in airflow speed and direction can intermittently scour the inner walls of the diversion holes 3, grid plates 16, and branch box body 1, reducing dust adhesion to a certain extent.

[0029] Specifically, a heat dissipation pipe 20 is connected to the top of the side wall of the branch box body 1. A one-way valve 21 is installed at the end of the heat dissipation pipe 20. A second pipe 22 is connected to the heat dissipation pipe 20. A first solenoid valve 24 is installed on the second pipe 22. A third pipe 25 is connected to the input end of the fan 19. A second solenoid valve 26 is installed on the third pipe 25. The end of the second pipe 22 away from the heat dissipation pipe 20 is connected to the third pipe 25, and this port is located between the second solenoid valve 26 and the input port of the fan 19. The second pipe 22 is snapped onto the side wall of the box body 23.

[0030] This implementation method is as follows: First, the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26 are closed, and the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28 are opened. At the same time, the fan 19 is started. At this time, the one-way valve 21 remains closed. The input end of the fan 19 draws air from the branch box body 1 through the second pipe 22, pressurizes it, and discharges it from the output port. The airflow enters the first pipe 18 and is then discharged to the outside of the box 23 through the fourth pipe 27. During this stage, a low-pressure environment is formed and maintained inside the branch box body 1 for a preset time. Subsequently, the system switches states, closes the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28, and opens the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26. The fan 19 continues to run. Since the end of the third pipe 25 away from the fan 19 is located inside the box 23, the input end of the fan 19 instead draws air from the box 23 through the third pipe 25. At the same time, external air enters through the third pipe 25. Air is continuously supplied to the housing 23 via the air pipe 48. After the fan 19 pressurizes the intake air, the external air is blown into the branch housing 1 through the first pipe 18 to achieve internal ventilation and heat dissipation. This process adopts a strategy of first extracting and then expelling. First, air is extracted to create a negative pressure environment, and then air is blown into the branch housing 1. The pressure difference between the inside and outside causes the cold air to rush in at a faster speed and a larger flow rate, forming an explosive air intake effect, which significantly shortens the single heat dissipation cycle. During the negative pressure stage, the hot air in the branch housing 1 is forcibly extracted, which effectively avoids the mixing of new and old air and ensures that the air introduced each time is unheated external cold air, thereby improving the heat absorption capacity of the air per unit volume. At the same time, during the extraction stage, the hot air with a high moisture content in the branch housing 1 is expelled first. The dry cold air introduced later keeps the absolute moisture content in the branch housing 1 low, reducing the probability of condensation from the source and ensuring the reliability of electrical insulation.

[0031] Specifically, a spiral guide plate 45, a curved panel 46, and a guide vane 47 are fixedly connected between the front and rear walls of the inner side of the housing 23. The spiral guide plate 45, the curved panel 46, and the guide vane 47 together form a guiding structure for the high-speed rotation of dust-laden air within the housing 23. The curved panel 46 is located inside the spiral guide plate 45, and the guide vane 47 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing 23. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the housing 23, located between the guide vane 47 and the spiral guide plate 45, and an air inlet pipe 48 is snapped into the air inlet.

[0032] A partition plate 29 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 23 between the spiral guide plate 45 and the fan 19. The end of the third pipe 25 away from the fan 19 is attached to the side wall of the partition plate 29.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment: the system closes the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26, while simultaneously opening the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28, and starting the fan 19. The fan 19 draws air from the housing 23 through the first pipe 18, reducing the internal pressure of the housing 23. Under negative pressure, air from outside the housing 23 is drawn into the housing 23 through the air inlet pipe 48. Guided by the guiding structure formed by the spiral guide plate 45, the curved plate 46, and the guide vanes 47, the drawn-in air forms a high-speed rotating airflow inside the housing 23. During the high-speed rotation of the dust-laden air... Centrifugal force is used to throw denser dust particles against the walls of the spiral guide plate 45 and guide vanes 47, causing the dust to separate from the airflow and deposit at the bottom of the housing 23, thus achieving air purification. The purified air is then introduced into the branch housing 1 for ventilation and heat dissipation of the internal cables and electrical components. The high-speed rotating airflow field created by the spiral guide plate 45 and guide vanes 47 forces the dust-laden air to form a forced vortex within the housing 23, using centrifugal force to throw dust particles against the walls, achieving gas-solid separation. Before the air enters the branch housing 1... First, large dust particles are removed by cyclone dust removal to reduce wear and contamination of electrical components inside the branch box 1, extending the overall service life of the equipment. Negative pressure active airflow ensures that the box 23 receives sufficient external cold air even in a sealed state. Simultaneously, dust removal and purification ensure the cleanliness of the air entering the branch box 1, preventing dust accumulation on the surface of electrical components and affecting heat dissipation. Addressing the erosion and wear of the spiral guide plate 45, curved panel 46, and guide vanes 47 by dust-laden airflow, as well as the deposition and adhesion of dust on the outer wall of the third guide pipe 36, the third guide... The surfaces of the flow tube 36, the spiral guide plate 45, the curved plate 46, and the guide vane 47 are all coated with a wear-resistant and anti-stick coating that combines high hardness and low surface energy. This coating delays the formation of deposits on the outer wall of the third flow tube 36 by improving surface smoothness and reducing dust adhesion, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the outer wall of the third flow tube 36 for a longer period of time. At the same time, its high density can effectively resist the high-speed impact of dust particles and reduce the wear failure of the substrate material of the third flow tube 36. This coating balances the mechanical loss of the dust removal process and the increase of thermal resistance at the heat exchange interface to a certain extent.

[0034] Specifically, two tube supports 30 are fixedly connected to the side of the partition plate 29 facing the spiral guide plate 45. A heat exchange tube 31 is installed on both tube supports 30. The heat exchange tube 31 is arranged in an S-shaped bend. A first partition plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two tube supports 30. A second partition plate 43 is embedded between the spiral guide plate 45, the curved plate 46 and the guide vane 47 at the positions corresponding to the two first partition plates 42. A water tank 32 is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the box body 23.

[0035] A third drain pipe 36 is connected between the opposite surfaces of the two second partitions 43. One end of the third drain pipe 36 is connected to one end of the heat exchange pipe 31, and the other end of the third drain pipe 36 is connected to one end of the second drain pipe 35. The other end of the second drain pipe 35 is connected to the water tank 32. The other end of the heat exchange pipe 31 is connected to the first drain pipe 34, and the other end of the first drain pipe 34 is connected to the water tank 32. The first drain pipe 34 and the second drain pipe 35 are both connected to one of the second partitions 43.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment: during the forced swirling of air between the spiral guide plate 45 and the guide vane 47, the airflow passing over the surface of the third guide pipe 36 undergoes a first heat exchange with the coolant inside the third guide pipe 36, achieving primary cooling of the air. The air, after primary cooling, flows out along the guiding direction of the spiral guide plate 45 and enters the area below the heat exchange tube 31. Subsequently, the air rises through the heat exchange tube 31 and undergoes a second heat exchange with the coolant flowing inside the tube, achieving secondary cooling of the air. The air, after secondary cooling, flows out through the third pipe 25 and is further introduced into the branch box body 1 for ventilation and heat dissipation. The air completes its first heat exchange while flowing through the cyclone dust removal zone, fully utilizing the residence time during the airflow rotation process. Subsequently, it undergoes a second enhanced heat exchange through the heat exchange tube 31. The superimposed effect of the two-stage cooling... The significant air temperature drop fully utilizes airflow energy. The heat exchange tube 31 is positioned between the downstream of the spiral guide plate 45 and the upstream of the third pipe 25, allowing the air to pass through the heat exchange tube bundle at a relatively uniform flow rate after completing swirling dust removal and primary cooling. This avoids dead zones or vortices in the airflow within the housing 23, ensuring sufficient and uniform secondary heat exchange. The air completes the three processing stages of centrifugal dust removal, primary heat exchange, and secondary heat exchange sequentially along a single flow direction within the housing 23. This eliminates the need for separate dust removal and cooling chambers, simplifying the internal structure of the housing 23 and improving space utilization. Two-stage cooling ensures that the air temperature entering the branch housing 1 is far below the ambient temperature, effectively reducing the temperature rise of heating elements such as cable joints and switch contacts within the housing, delaying thermal aging of insulation materials, reducing the probability of failures caused by overheating, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0037] Specifically, a notch is provided on the third drainage pipe 36, and a bridge pipe 37 is connected to the third drainage pipe 36 at the notch through two rotary joints. A bridge bracket 39 is snapped into each of the two pipe openings of the bridge pipe 37, and a rotating shaft 40 is fixedly connected to each of the two bridge brackets 39. A spiral blade 41 is wound around each of the two rotating shafts 40. Multiple impeller blades 38 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge pipe 37, and the multiple impeller blades 38 are distributed in a ring array.

[0038] This embodiment is specifically as follows: A rotary joint is a pipeline connection device, a fluid dynamic sealing device that transports fluid media from a fixed pipeline to a rotating or oscillating pipeline. Since it is existing technology, it is not described in detail in this solution. During the forced swirling process of air between the spiral guide plate 45 and the guide vane 47, the high-speed rotating airflow continuously scours multiple impeller blades 38, thereby driving the bridge pipe 37 to rotate around the axis of the third guide pipe 36 through rotary joints at both ends. The ports at both ends of the bridge pipe 37 drive two rotating shafts 40 to rotate synchronously through two bridging frames 39. The two rotating shafts 40 respectively drive two spiral blades 41 to rotate inside the third guide pipe 36. The two spiral blades 41 continuously rotate inside the third guide pipe 36, generating a driving force on the coolant inside the third guide pipe 36. This drives the coolant to circulate among the water tank 32, the first drain pipe 34, the second drain pipe 35, the third drain pipe 36, and the heat exchange pipe 31. The rotational kinetic energy of the airflow during the cyclone dust removal process drives the coolant circulation. The faster the airflow speed, the greater the driving force obtained by the impeller blade 38, and the speed of the spiral blade 41 increases accordingly. The coolant circulation flow rate also increases accordingly. That is, when the heat exchange demand is high, the circulation flow rate automatically increases, and when the heat exchange demand is low, the circulation flow rate automatically decreases, forming a passive adaptive adjustment mechanism. The two spiral blades 41 rotate synchronously in the third drain pipe 36, providing driving force in the middle position of the coolant circulation loop. This helps to balance the flow resistance of each branch of the first drain pipe 34, the second drain pipe 35, and the heat exchange pipe 31, ensuring that the coolant flows stably in the entire circulation loop and avoiding local stagnation or interruption of flow.

[0039] Specifically, multiple heat dissipation fins 33 are fixedly connected along the axial direction on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 31.

[0040] Specifically, this embodiment involves a heat exchange tube 31 densely covered with multiple heat dissipation fins 33. These fins increase the contact area between the heat exchange tube 31 and the flowing air, enhancing the secondary cooling effect on the air. Simultaneously, as the airflow passes through the densely packed fins 33, fine dust particles remaining in the airflow are adhered to the surface of the fins 33 through impact and interception, thus achieving secondary dust removal from the flowing air. By densely covering the heat exchange tube 31 with heat dissipation fins 33, the effective heat exchange area between the heat exchange tube 31 and the air is significantly increased, allowing for more thorough heat exchange between the air and the coolant, significantly improving the secondary cooling effect, and ensuring that the air entering the branch box body 1 has a lower temperature. While enhancing heat exchange, the heat fins 33, through their densely arranged tortuous airflow channels, intercept and impact residual fine dust, achieving secondary dust reduction without the need for additional dust removal devices. This further purifies the air entering the branch box body 1. After secondary dust reduction, the dust content of the air entering the branch box body 1 is further reduced, decreasing dust accumulation on the surfaces of electrical components such as cable joints and switch contacts. This effectively reduces the risks of increased contact resistance, deteriorated heat dissipation, and creepage flashover caused by dust accumulation, improving the operational reliability and safety of the electrical system. The pre-interception of fine dust by the heat dissipation fins 33 also reduces the dust load at subsequent structures such as the diversion holes 3 and the grid plate 16.

[0041] During operation, when the internal temperature of the branch box body 1 is detected to be too high, the system sends working commands to the fourth solenoid valve 44, the fan 19, and the electric cylinder 12 respectively. The fourth solenoid valve 44 opens, the fan 19 starts, draws in external air, pressurizes it, and discharges it through its outlet. The discharged air flows into the branch box body 1 through the first pipe 18. The air entering the branch box body 1 is divided by multiple diversion holes 3 on the diversion plate 2 and continues to flow upward. Finally, it flows out of the branch box body 1 through the heat dissipation pipe 20. During the upward flow of the air, the cables and electrical components inside the branch box body 1 are ventilated and cooled. During the upward flow of the air through the multiple diversion holes 3, the system controls the electric cylinder 12 to perform reciprocating telescopic motion. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 12 generates a pushing or pulling force on the gear plate 14. Through the meshing transmission between the gear plate 14 and multiple gears 10, the linear reciprocating motion of the electric cylinder 12 is converted into the simultaneous reciprocating rotation of multiple adapter shafts 7. The rotation of the rotating shaft 7 drives the grid plates 16 on each adapter shaft 7 to rotate synchronously, changing their tilt angle and thus adjusting the airflow direction within the branch box body 1. During the rotation of the grid plates 16 driven by the adapter shaft 7, the grid plates 16 apply a pushing or pulling force to the transmission plate 13 through the transmission groove 17. The transmission plate 13 slides and extends within the transmission groove 17 accordingly. At the same time, the bottom of the transmission plate 13 rotates around the first adapter plate 8 through multiple second adapter plates 9, thereby driving the sealing plate 6 to slide back and forth along the slide groove 4. When the adapter shaft 7 drives the grid plates 16 to rotate to a vertical position, the sealing plate 6 slides to cover the diversion hole 3, sealing the diversion hole 3 and thus blocking the upward airflow, ensuring the stability of the electrical connection between the cable and each electrical component. When the adapter shaft 7 continues to drive the grid plates 16 to rotate, the sealing plate 6 gradually moves away from the diversion hole 3, and the diversion hole 3 reopens. This process repeats, forming a pulsed airflow within the branch box body 1. The system closes the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26, while simultaneously opening the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28, and starts the fan 19. The input end of the fan 19 draws air from the branch box body 1 through the second pipe 22. At this time, the one-way valve 21 is in the closed state. The fan 19 pressurizes the air it draws in and discharges it through its output port. The discharged air enters the first pipe 18 and then is discharged to the outside of the box 23 through the fourth pipe 27. This makes the inside of the branch box body 1 a low-pressure environment. After the low-pressure state is maintained for a preset time, the system closes the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28, while simultaneously opening the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26. External air is blown into the branch box body 1 through the first pipe 18 to ventilate and dissipate heat inside the branch box body 1. The system closes the fourth solenoid valve 44 and the second solenoid valve 26, while simultaneously opening the first solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 28, and starts the fan 19. The fan 19 draws air from the box 23 through the first pipe 18, reducing the internal pressure of the box 23. Under the negative pressure, the air outside the box 23 is drawn into the box 23 through the air inlet pipe 48. The drawn-in air is guided by the guide structure formed by the spiral guide plate 45, the curved plate 46 and the guide vane 47, forming a high-speed rotating airflow inside the box 23. During the high-speed rotation, the dust-laden air uses centrifugal force to throw the denser dust particles towards the wall of the spiral guide plate 45 and the guide vane 47, so that the dust is separated from the airflow and deposited at the bottom of the box 23, achieving dust removal and purification of the air. The dust-removed and purified air is further introduced into the branch box body 1 to ventilate and dissipate heat from the internal cables and electrical components. During the forced swirling of air between the spiral guide plate 45 and the guide vane 47, the airflow passing through the surface of the third guide pipe 36 undergoes a first heat exchange with the coolant inside the third guide pipe 36, achieving primary cooling of the air. After primary cooling, the air flows out along the guiding direction of the spiral guide plate 45 and enters the area below the heat exchange tube 31. Subsequently, the air passes upward through the heat exchange tube 31 and undergoes a second heat exchange with the coolant flowing inside the tube, achieving secondary cooling of the air. After secondary cooling, the air flows out through the third pipe 25 and is further introduced into the branch box body 1 for ventilation and heat dissipation. During the forced swirling of air between the spiral guide plate 45 and the guide vane 47, the high-speed rotating airflow continuously scours multiple impeller blades 38, thereby driving the bridge pipe 37 to rotate around its axis. The ports at both ends of the bridge pipe 37 drive two rotating shafts 40 to rotate synchronously through two bridge brackets 39. The two rotating shafts 40 drive two spiral blades 41 to rotate inside the third guide pipe 36. The two spiral blades 41 rotate continuously inside the third guide pipe 36, generating driving force on the coolant inside the third guide pipe 36, thereby driving the coolant to circulate among the water tank 32, the first guide pipe 34, the second guide pipe 35, the third guide pipe 36, and the heat exchange pipe 31. The heat exchange tube 31 is densely covered with multiple heat dissipation fins 33. The heat dissipation fins 33 are used to increase the contact area between the heat exchange tube 31 and the flowing air to improve the secondary cooling effect on the flowing air. At the same time, when the airflow passes through the densely covered heat dissipation fins 33, the fine dust remaining in the airflow is attached to the surface of the heat dissipation fins 33 under the action of impact and interception, thereby achieving secondary dust reduction of the flowing air.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and cooling cable branch box, comprising a branch box body, characterized in that: A diversion plate is snapped into the bottom of the inner side of the branch box body. The top of the diversion plate has multiple diversion holes arranged linearly and equidistantly. The top of the diversion plate has sliding grooves corresponding to the front and back of the diversion holes. A sealing plate is slidably installed on the top of the diversion plate corresponding to each diversion hole. Two sliders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing plate, and the two sliders slide in cooperation with the two sliding grooves respectively. An outer frame is snapped into the inside of the branch box body and above the diversion plate. A transition shaft is rotatably connected to each of the diversion holes on the outer frame. A grid plate is fixedly sleeved on each transition shaft. A transmission groove is opened at the bottom of each grid plate. A transmission plate is slidably connected in each transmission groove. Multiple second transition plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of each transmission plate. A first transition plate is rotatably connected to each second transition plate. The bottoms of multiple first transition plates corresponding to the same sealing plate are fixedly connected to the top of the sealing plate.

2. The ventilation and cooling cable branch box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the branch box body has a communication port located below the diversion plate, and a first pipe is connected to the communication port. A fourth solenoid valve is installed on the first pipe. A box body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the branch box body, and a fan is installed at the bottom inside the box body. The end of the first pipe away from the branch box body is connected to the output end of the fan, and the first pipe is snapped onto the side wall of the box body.

3. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the grid plates has a through hole, and a gear is embedded in each through hole. Multiple gears are fixedly sleeved on multiple adapter shafts. A toothed plate passes through multiple through holes and meshes with multiple gears. An electric cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the branch box body. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the toothed plate. A fourth pipe is connected to the first pipe. A third solenoid valve is installed on the fourth pipe. The fourth pipe is located between the fourth solenoid valve and the fan.

4. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heat dissipation pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the branch box body. A one-way valve is installed at the end of the heat dissipation pipe. A second pipe is connected to the heat dissipation pipe. A first solenoid valve is installed on the second pipe. A third pipe is connected to the input end of the fan. A second solenoid valve is installed on the third pipe. The end of the second pipe away from the heat dissipation pipe is connected to the third pipe, and this port is located between the second solenoid valve and the input port of the fan. The second pipe is snapped onto the side wall of the box body.

5. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spiral guide plate, a curved plate, and guide vanes are fixedly connected between the front and rear walls of the inner side of the chamber. The spiral guide plate, the curved plate, and the guide vanes together form a guiding structure for the high-speed rotation of dust-laden air within the chamber. The curved plate is located inside the spiral guide plate, and the guide vanes are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the chamber. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the chamber, located between the guide vanes and the spiral guide plate, and an air inlet pipe is snapped into the air inlet. A partition plate is attached to the inner wall of the housing between the spiral guide plate and the fan, and the end of the third pipe away from the fan is attached to the side wall of the partition plate.

6. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two tube supports are fixedly connected to the side of the partition plate facing the spiral guide plate. A heat exchange tube is passed through the two tube supports. The heat exchange tube is arranged in an S-shaped bend. A first partition plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two tube supports. A second partition plate is embedded between the spiral guide plate, the curved plate and the guide vane at the positions corresponding to the two first partition plates. A water tank is installed at the bottom of the inner side of the box.

7. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third drain pipe is connected between the opposite surfaces of the two second partitions. One end of the third drain pipe is connected to one end of the heat exchange tube, and the other end of the third drain pipe is connected to one end of the second drain pipe. The other end of the second drain pipe is connected to the water tank. The other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to a first drain pipe, and the other end of the first drain pipe is connected to the water tank. Both the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe are connected to one of the second partitions.

8. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third drainage pipe has a notch, and a bridge pipe is rotatably connected to the third drainage pipe through two rotary joints at the notch. A bridge bracket is snapped into each of the two openings of the bridge pipe, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to each of the two bridge brackets. A spiral blade is wound around each of the two rotating shafts. Multiple impeller blades are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge pipe, and the multiple impeller blades are distributed in a ring array.

9. A ventilated and cooling cable branch box according to claim 8, characterized in that: Multiple heat dissipation fins are fixedly connected at intervals along the axial direction on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube.

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