A power distribution box safety protection system of arc light linkage quick break protection

Abstract

The application discloses an electric arc light linkage quick-break protection distribution box safety protection system and relates to the technical field of distribution box safety protection. The system comprises a benchmark module, a collection module and the like. The benchmark module is used for obtaining the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same arrangement direction, determining the adjacent outgoing branches in the installation sequence, forming a branch adjacency chain according to the adjacency relationship between each adjacent outgoing branch, forming a protection configuration according to the benchmark parameters required by arc light stage division and current mutation judgment, and forming a light-electricity synchronization window according to the time sequence corresponding requirement of arc light sampling and current sampling. The collection module is used for calling the protection configuration and collecting the arc light sampling sequence and the current sampling sequence of the outgoing branch. The application integrates the installation sequence of the outgoing branch, the arc light stage response and the current mutation response into the same protection judgment process, so that the distribution box can be judged in combination with the spatial adjacency relationship and the response sequence when the arc light anomaly occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical distribution box safety protection technology, specifically to an electrical distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection. Background Technology

[0002] As the terminal or sub-distribution unit in a low-voltage power distribution system, a distribution box typically has multiple outgoing branches, which supply power to different electrical circuits. In actual operation, the connection terminals of the outgoing branches, busbar connection points, switch contacts, or areas adjacent to the branch conductors may generate an electric arc response due to changes in contact condition, insulation condition, or short-term overload impact. The electric arc response is characterized by its rapid occurrence, short duration, and spatial propagation range significantly affected by the internal structure of the cabinet. Therefore, the safety protection of distribution boxes usually requires simultaneous attention to the arc response, current response, and spatial adjacency between branches. In existing distribution box protection methods, tripping protection can usually be triggered by sudden current changes, short-circuit current, or arc detection signals. This type of protection can respond quickly to obvious faults. However, in distribution boxes with multiple outgoing branches arranged in parallel, arc light may propagate along adjacent branch areas, causing multiple branch detection points to successively exceed limits, approach saturation, or saturate responses. In this case, judging solely based on the arc intensity of a branch or the current change at a certain moment makes it difficult to distinguish the relationship between the actual fault branch, the branch affected by propagation, and the response branch after the detection signal saturates, thus affecting the selection of the target for issuing the instantaneous trip command. Furthermore, arc light sampling and current sampling in the distribution box usually originate from different detection units, and their sampling periods, sampling times, and data response characteristics may differ. If the arc light response and current surge response are not time-correlated and are not comprehensively judged in conjunction with the installation sequence and adjacency relationship of the outgoing branches, then in the case of arc light signal saturation, multiple branches exceeding limits simultaneously, or current surge signals failing to match synchronously, the protection control is prone to problems such as insufficient branch locking basis, unclear backup disconnection trigger conditions, and unstable confirmation results after disconnection. Therefore, this invention proposes a distribution box safety protection system with arc light linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection, comprising: The reference module is used to obtain the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, determine the outgoing branches that are adjacent to each other in the installation sequence as adjacent outgoing branches, form a branch adjacency chain according to the adjacency relationship between each adjacent outgoing branch, form a protection configuration according to the reference parameters required for arc stage division and current change judgment, and form a photoelectric synchronization window according to the timing correspondence requirements of arc sampling and current sampling. The acquisition module is used to call the protection configuration, acquire the arc light sampling sequence and current sampling sequence of the outgoing branch, compare the arc light sampling sequence point by point according to the arc light stage division benchmark in the protection configuration to form the light domain stage sequence, and compare the adjacent current sampling values ​​after difference according to the current change judgment benchmark in the protection configuration to form the electric domain change sequence. The grouping module is used to take the outgoing branch with the smallest saturation sampling sequence as the starting branch, merge the over-limit branches along the branch adjacency chain until the non-over-limit branches stop, form a saturation response group, and calculate the stage offset based on the earliest over-limit sampling sequence to form the saturation front. The locking module is used to set the outgoing branches in the saturated response group as candidate fault branches, compare the ascending order of the adjacency distance with the ascending order of the stage offset and accumulate the number of inconsistent positions to form the leading edge reverse order quantity, sort the candidate faults according to the leading edge reverse order quantity, match the sampling time of the current change and the sampling time of the over-limit within the photoelectric synchronization window, determine the real fault branch when the matching is successful, and form the branch unlocked result when the matching is unsuccessful. The instant disconnect module is used to send an instant disconnect command when a real faulty branch is identified, and to determine the upper-level disconnect device and send a backup disconnect command when a branch is not locked.

[0005] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the step of the acquisition module forming the optical domain stage sequence includes: The acquisition module reads the over-limit stage division benchmark, near-saturation stage division benchmark, saturation stage division benchmark, and continuous confirmation sampling number from the protection configuration; The acquisition module compares the arc light sampling values ​​of each outgoing branch with the over-limit stage division benchmark, the near-saturation stage division benchmark, and the saturation stage division benchmark point by point according to the sampling sequence, and writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence into the optical domain stage sequence based on the comparison results. The acquisition module continuously confirms the over-limit stage division benchmark, the near-saturation stage division benchmark, and the saturation stage division benchmark respectively. When the arc light sampling value of the continuous sampling sequence of the continuous confirmation sampling number reaches the corresponding stage division benchmark, the first sampling sequence of the corresponding continuous sampling segment is written as the sampling sequence under the corresponding stage division benchmark. The sampling sequence under the corresponding stage division benchmark includes the sampling sequence beyond the limit, the sampling sequence near saturation, and the sampling sequence saturation; The acquisition module retains the over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence already written into the optical domain stage sequence without updating them in subsequent sampling processes. It also arranges the stage status, over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch according to the installation order of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, forming the optical domain stage sequence.

[0006] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the step of the acquisition module forming an electric domain mutation sequence includes: The acquisition module reads the current surge judgment benchmark from the protection configuration; The acquisition module subtracts the current sample value of the previous sampling position from the current sample value of the next sampling position in each outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence, to form the current change corresponding to the next sampling position. The acquisition module compares the absolute value of each current change with the current change judgment benchmark, and determines the next sampling position corresponding to the current change whose absolute value reaches the current change judgment benchmark as the candidate change sampling position. The acquisition module reads the candidate mutation sampling sequence of the same outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence. When adjacent candidate mutation sampling sequences are consecutive and the corresponding current changes are positive and negative, the corresponding candidate mutation sampling sequences are merged into the same mutation time period, and the sampling time corresponding to the first candidate mutation sampling sequence in the same mutation time period is written as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. When the candidate mutation sampling sequence is not merged into the same mutation time period, the sampling time corresponding to the candidate mutation sampling sequence is written as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. The acquisition module arranges the current change and current mutation sampling time of each outgoing branch according to the installation order of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, forming an electric domain mutation sequence.

[0007] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the step of determining the starting branch of the grouped modules includes: The group module reads the stage state and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence, identifies the outgoing branch with the stage state of saturation as the saturation branch, and arranges each saturation branch in ascending order of its saturation sampling sequence. The grouped module determines the saturated branch that ranks first in the order as the starting branch.

[0008] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the step of forming a saturated response group by grouping modules includes: The group module reads the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain and writes the starting branch into the saturated response group; The group module takes the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain as the starting point for reading, and reads consecutive adjacent outgoing branches along the pre-order and post-order arrangement directions of the branch adjacency chain respectively. For any arrangement direction, when the stage state of the outgoing branch read in the optical domain stage sequence has reached the over-limit stage, the group module writes the outgoing branch into the saturated response group and continues to read the next consecutive adjacent outgoing branch along the same arrangement direction. When the stage state of the outgoing branch read in the optical domain stage sequence has not reached the over-limit stage, the grouped modules stop merging in the same arrangement direction and keep the subsequent outgoing branches in the same arrangement direction outside the saturated response group. The group modules are arranged according to the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, and the outgoing branches that have been written into the saturated response group are formed.

[0009] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the step of forming the leading-edge reverse sequence quantity in the locking module includes: The locking module treats each outgoing branch in the saturated response group as a candidate fault branch. For any candidate fault branch, the locking module reads the position of the candidate fault branch and each outgoing branch in the saturated response group in the branch adjacency chain, and counts the number of adjacency relationships between the candidate fault branch and each outgoing branch in the saturated response group. The number of adjacency relationships is determined as the adjacency distance of the corresponding outgoing branch relative to the candidate fault branch. The locking module reads the stage offset of each outgoing branch in the saturation response group in the saturation front and matches the adjacency distance and stage offset of the same outgoing branch. Under the same candidate fault branch, the locking module compares the adjacency distance and stage offset of any two different outgoing branches in the saturated response group. When the adjacency distance of the first outgoing branch is less than the adjacency distance of the second outgoing branch, and the stage offset of the first outgoing branch is greater than the stage offset of the second outgoing branch, the locking module accumulates one instance of position inconsistency. The locking module determines the cumulative number of inconsistent positions under the same candidate fault branch as the leading-edge inversion quantity corresponding to that candidate fault branch.

[0010] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the steps of the locking module determining the actual faulty branch and forming the branch unlocked result include: The locking module arranges the candidate fault branches in ascending order of the leading edge inversion quantity corresponding to each candidate fault branch, forming a fault candidate order. The locking module reads the current candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order, and reads the over-limit sampling sequence of the current candidate fault branch from the optical domain stage sequence, and determines the sampling time corresponding to the over-limit sampling sequence as the over-limit sampling time. The locking module reads the current mutation sampling time of the current candidate fault branch from the electrical domain mutation sequence, and compares the read current mutation sampling time with the over-limit sampling time one by one; When the time difference between any current surge sampling time and the over-limit sampling time is not greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module determines the current candidate fault branch as the real fault branch and stops reading the subsequent candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence. When the sampling time of the current change is not read, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being regarded as the real fault branch, and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order; When the current surge sampling time is read, and the time difference between each current surge sampling time and the over-limit sampling time is greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being regarded as the real fault branch, and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order. When none of the candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence are identified as actual fault branches, the locking module generates a branch unlocked result.

[0011] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the disconnection confirmation step after the quick disconnection module sends the quick disconnection command includes: After sending an instant trip command to the actual faulty branch, the instant trip module identifies the disconnecting device that receives the instant trip command as the target disconnecting device, reads the current response and arc response of the saturation response group after disconnection of the target disconnecting device, and reads the disconnection confirmation benchmark and disconnection confirmation condition. The instantaneous trip module compares the current response after tripping with the tripping confirmation reference, and compares the arc response after tripping with the reference used to form the over-limit sampling sequence in the arc phase division reference. The instantaneous trip module determines whether the comparison state continuously meets the disconnection confirmation condition based on the comparison state of the current response after disconnection meeting the disconnection confirmation benchmark and the arc response after disconnection not reaching the arc stage division benchmark used to form the over-limit sampling sequence. When the comparison status continuously reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, the instant disconnect module generates an instant disconnect completion result; When the comparison status does not continuously meet the disconnection confirmation condition, the quick disconnect module determines the upper-level disconnect device corresponding to the actual faulty branch and sends a backup disconnect command to the upper-level disconnect device.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention incorporates the installation sequence of outgoing branches, arcing phase response, and current surge response into the same protection judgment process. This enables the distribution box to perform protection actions not only based on the instantaneous signal of a single detection point when an arcing anomaly occurs, but also to make judgments based on the spatial adjacency relationship and response sequence between branches. As a result, the accuracy of identifying actual faulty branches can be improved, and the probability of misjudgment caused by arcing propagation, detection point saturation, or accompanying responses of adjacent branches can be reduced. Furthermore, when the arc detection signal exhibits over-limit, near-saturation, or saturation responses, this invention can retain the sequential differences in the responses of each branch and perform synchronous verification by combining the current surge response, thus providing clear data basis for determining the instantaneous tripping target. In the case of multiple branches exhibiting abnormal responses simultaneously, this invention can generate sortable and comparable fault candidate results, avoiding the direct determination of the tripping target based solely on the maximum arc value or single-point over-limit status, thereby improving the stability and selectivity of the distribution box protection action. On the other hand, the present invention can also continuously confirm the current state and arc state after the actual faulty branch has been determined, and trigger the upper-level backup disconnection when the branch is not locked or the fast-break confirmation is not completed; thereby, a progressive protection relationship can be formed between the branch-level fast-break and the upper-level backup disconnection, which ensures priority disconnection of the faulty branch, while providing a protection closed loop for situations where the faulty branch cannot be reliably locked or the fast-break execution result cannot be confirmed, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the distribution box during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system logic of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0016] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection, comprising: The reference module is used to obtain the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, determine the outgoing branches that are adjacent to each other in the installation sequence as adjacent outgoing branches, form a branch adjacency chain according to the adjacency relationship between each adjacent outgoing branch, form a protection configuration according to the reference parameters required for arc stage division and current change judgment, and form a photoelectric synchronization window according to the timing correspondence requirements of arc sampling and current sampling. Specifically, the reference module reads the branch identifiers of each outgoing branch in the distribution box and the installation sequence formed by each outgoing branch along the same arrangement direction. The same arrangement direction refers to the physical arrangement direction of the outgoing branches when they are installed side-by-side in the distribution box, and the installation sequence is formed according to the sequential position of each outgoing branch within this physical arrangement direction. The reference module identifies two adjacent outgoing branches in the installation sequence as adjacent outgoing branches and writes the adjacency relationship between adjacent outgoing branches into the branch adjacency chain. The branch adjacency chain stores the branch identifier, arrangement position, previous adjacency relationship, and subsequent adjacency relationship of each outgoing branch; the outgoing branch at the beginning of the installation sequence is not written into the previous adjacency relationship, and the outgoing branch at the end of the installation sequence is not written into the subsequent adjacency relationship.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, the distribution box includes a first outgoing branch, a second outgoing branch, a third outgoing branch, and a fourth outgoing branch installed sequentially along the same layout direction. The reference module forms an installation sequence of the first, second, third, and fourth outgoing branches according to their actual installation positions, and writes the adjacency relationships between the first and second outgoing branches, the second and third outgoing branches, and the third and fourth outgoing branches into the branch adjacency chain. The first outgoing branch is not written into its preceding adjacency relationship, and the fourth outgoing branch is not written into its subsequent adjacency relationship.

[0018] The reference module reads the pre-written protection parameter records to form the protection configuration. The protection parameter records include the arc light sampling period, the current sampling period, and, based on the arc light detection unit's range, the rated current of the outgoing branch, the arc light sampling period, the current sampling period, and the tripping device's operation confirmation requirements, the following criteria are defined: over-limit stage classification, near-saturation stage classification, saturation stage classification, continuous confirmation sampling quantity, current surge judgment benchmark, disconnection confirmation benchmark, and disconnection confirmation condition. The reference module writes the arc light sampling period, current sampling period, over-limit stage classification benchmark, near-saturation stage classification benchmark, saturation stage classification benchmark, continuous confirmation sampling quantity, current surge judgment benchmark, disconnection confirmation benchmark, and disconnection confirmation condition into the protection configuration. The arc light stage classification benchmark includes the over-limit stage classification benchmark, the near-saturation stage classification benchmark, and the saturation stage classification benchmark. The saturation stage classification benchmark is formed based on the full-scale output value of the arc light detection unit; the near-saturation stage classification benchmark is smaller than the saturation stage classification benchmark, and the over-limit stage classification benchmark is smaller than the near-saturation stage classification benchmark. The criteria for defining the over-limit stage, the near-saturation stage, and the saturation stage are all used for comparison with the arc light sampling value and have the same dimension as the arc light sampling value; the criteria for judging current sudden change are used for comparison with the absolute value of the current change and have the same dimension as the absolute value of the current change; the criteria for confirming disconnection are used for comparison with the current response after disconnection and have the same dimension as the current response after disconnection; the arc light sampling period and the current sampling period are both in the dimension of time.

[0019] The baseline module writes the threshold, near-saturation threshold, and saturation threshold into the protection configuration in ascending order of value. When the subsequent acquisition module compares the arc light sampling values ​​point by point, sampling points that have not reached the threshold threshold are written as "not exceeding the threshold," sampling points that have reached the threshold but not the near-saturation threshold are written as "exceeding the threshold," sampling points that have reached the near-saturation threshold but not the saturation threshold are written as "near-saturation," and sampling points that have reached the saturation threshold are written as "saturation." A stage state that has reached the threshold stage refers to any one of the following: threshold stage, near-saturation stage, or saturation stage.

[0020] The reference module writes the number of consecutively confirmed samples into the protection configuration. This number of consecutively confirmed samples is used by subsequent acquisition modules to continuously confirm the over-limit stage division reference, the near-saturation stage division reference, and the saturation stage division reference, respectively. When the arc light sample values ​​of each consecutive sampling position within the consecutively confirmed sample number reach the corresponding stage division reference, the subsequent acquisition module writes the starting sampling position of the corresponding consecutive sampling segment as the sampling position under the corresponding stage division reference. The sampling positions under the corresponding stage division reference include the over-limit sampling position, the near-saturation sampling position, and the saturation sampling position. In one specific implementation, the number of consecutively confirmed samples is three consecutive sampling positions.

[0021] The reference module writes the current surge judgment reference into the protection configuration. The subsequent acquisition module performs a difference between the current sample value of the next sampling sequence and the current sample value of the previous sampling sequence in the same outgoing branch to form the current change corresponding to the next sampling sequence. The absolute value of the current change is compared with the current surge judgment reference. Based on the comparison result, a candidate surge sampling sequence is formed, and the current surge sampling time is formed based on the candidate surge sampling sequence.

[0022] The reference module forms a photoelectric synchronization window based on the timing correspondence requirements of arc light sampling and current sampling. The photoelectric synchronization window is the allowable time difference between the arc light sampling time and the current sampling time, which can be identified as the response of the same fault process; the unit of the photoelectric synchronization window is milliseconds (ms). Subsequently, the locking module reads the current candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order and compares the time difference between the current sudden change sampling time and the over-limit sampling time of the current candidate fault branch with the photoelectric synchronization window.

[0023] The reference module writes the disconnection confirmation reference and disconnection confirmation condition into the protection configuration. The disconnection confirmation condition is the number of samples required for two comparison results to be consecutively true during disconnection confirmation. The two comparison results include the current response after disconnection meeting the disconnection confirmation reference, and the arc response after disconnection in the saturation response group not reaching the over-limit stage division reference. Subsequently, after sending the instantaneous trip command, the instantaneous trip module forms a comparison state based on the two comparison results and determines whether the comparison state continuously meets the disconnection confirmation requirements according to the disconnection confirmation condition. In one specific embodiment, the disconnection confirmation condition is two consecutive sampling bits.

[0024] The acquisition module is used to call the protection configuration, acquire the arc light sampling sequence and current sampling sequence of the outgoing branch, compare the arc light sampling sequence point by point according to the arc light stage division benchmark in the protection configuration to form the light domain stage sequence, and compare the adjacent current sampling values ​​after difference according to the current change judgment benchmark in the protection configuration to form the electric domain change sequence. Specifically, the acquisition module calls the protection configuration generated by the reference module and reads the branch identifiers of each outgoing branch according to the installation order obtained by the reference module. The acquisition module collects the arc light sampling values ​​and current sampling values ​​of each outgoing branch, and writes the arc light sampling values ​​and current sampling values ​​of the same outgoing branch into the sampling sequence position according to the sampling time, and simultaneously writes the sampling time corresponding to each sampling sequence position. The arc light sampling value, sampling sequence position, and sampling time form the arc light sampling sequence; the current sampling value, sampling sequence position, and sampling time form the current sampling sequence. The arc light sampling sequence and current sampling sequence of each outgoing branch correspond to the branch identifier and are arranged according to the installation order obtained by the reference module.

[0025] The acquisition module reads the over-limit stage division benchmark, near-saturation stage division benchmark, saturation stage division benchmark, and continuous confirmation sampling quantity from the protection configuration. The acquisition module reads the arc light sampling value of any outgoing branch point by point according to the sampling sequence, and compares it in the order of saturation stage division benchmark, near-saturation stage division benchmark, and over-limit stage division benchmark to determine the unique stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence. When the arc light sampling value reaches the saturation stage division benchmark, the acquisition module writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence as saturation stage; when the arc light sampling value does not reach the saturation stage division benchmark but reaches the near-saturation stage division benchmark, the acquisition module writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence as near-saturation stage; when the arc light sampling value does not reach the near-saturation stage division benchmark but reaches the over-limit stage division benchmark, the acquisition module writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence as over-limit stage; when the arc light sampling value does not reach the over-limit stage division benchmark, the acquisition module writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence as non-over-limit stage. The acquisition module performs the same point-by-point comparison process on each outgoing branch sequentially, and saves the branch identifier, sampling sequence, sampling time, and corresponding sampling sequence stage state in the optical domain stage sequence. After completing the arc light sampling process for the same outgoing branch, the acquisition module writes the stage state corresponding to the last read sampling sequence of that outgoing branch as the current stage state of that outgoing branch; the stage states read by subsequent group modules are this current stage state.

[0026] The data acquisition module continuously verifies the data based on the threshold stage, the near-saturation stage, and the saturation stage. For any outgoing branch and any stage division benchmark, the acquisition module reads the arc light sampling values ​​sequentially according to the sampling sequence. When the arc light sampling value of the current sampling sequence reaches the stage division benchmark but has not yet formed the current continuous sampling segment, the acquisition module uses the current sampling sequence as the starting sampling sequence of the current continuous sampling segment and records the number of sampling sequences in the current continuous sampling segment as 1. When the arc light sampling value of the current sampling sequence reaches the stage division benchmark and has formed the current continuous sampling segment, the acquisition module writes the current sampling sequence into the current continuous sampling segment and updates the number of sampling sequences in the current continuous sampling segment. When the arc light sampling value of the current sampling sequence does not reach the stage division benchmark but has formed the current continuous sampling segment, the acquisition module ends the current continuous sampling segment, clears the counted number of sampling sequences in the current continuous sampling segment, and starts forming a new current continuous sampling segment from the sampling sequence that reaches the stage division benchmark again. When the arc light sampling value of the current sampling sequence does not reach the stage division benchmark and has not yet formed the current continuous sampling segment, the acquisition module continues to read the next sampling sequence.

[0027] When the number of sampling positions within the current continuous sampling segment reaches the number of consecutively confirmed samples, and the outgoing branch has not yet been written with a sampling position under the stage division benchmark, the acquisition module, within the same sampling cycle after this comparison, writes the starting sampling position of the current continuous sampling segment as the sampling position under the corresponding stage division benchmark. After writing, the acquisition module continues to maintain the state of the current continuous sampling segment and does not update the already written sampling position under the corresponding stage division benchmark when the current continuous sampling segment continues to extend or ends. The sampling positions under the corresponding stage division benchmark include over-limit sampling positions, near-saturation sampling positions, and saturation sampling positions. The over-limit sampling positions are formed according to the over-limit stage division benchmark, the near-saturation sampling positions are formed according to the near-saturation stage division benchmark, and the saturation sampling positions are formed according to the saturation stage division benchmark.

[0028] After the acquisition module has written any of the over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence for the same outgoing branch, it continues to write the stage status of the arc light sampling values ​​for subsequent sampling sequences of that outgoing branch. However, it does not use sampling sequences that have been subsequently confirmed to reach the same stage division benchmark to overwrite the already written sampling sequences under the corresponding stage division benchmark. After completing the arc light sampling processing for each outgoing branch, the acquisition module arranges the current stage status, over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch according to the installation order obtained by the benchmark module, forming an optical domain stage sequence.

[0029] In one specific implementation, the number of consecutive confirmation samples in the protection configuration formed by the reference module is three consecutive sampling positions. For the second outgoing branch, when the arc light sampling values ​​of the 5th to 7th sampling positions all reach the over-limit stage division benchmark, the acquisition module writes the 5th sampling position as the over-limit sampling position of the second outgoing branch within the same sampling period after the comparison of the 7th sampling position; when the arc light sampling values ​​of the 8th to 10th sampling positions all reach the near-saturation stage division benchmark, the 8th sampling position is written as the near-saturation sampling position of the second outgoing branch within the same sampling period after the comparison of the 10th sampling position; when the arc light sampling values ​​of the 11th to 13th sampling positions all reach the saturation stage division benchmark, the 11th sampling position is written as the saturation sampling position of the second outgoing branch within the same sampling period after the comparison of the 13th sampling position. When the second outgoing branch continues to be in the saturation stage after the 14th sampling sequence, the acquisition module keeps the already written out-of-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence unchanged.

[0030] The acquisition module reads the current surge judgment benchmark from the protection configuration. It reads the current sampling sequence of any outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence number, and starting from the second sampling position, subtracts the current sampling value of the previous sampling position from the current sampling value of the next sampling position to form the current change corresponding to the next sampling position. The acquisition module compares the absolute value of the current change with the current surge judgment benchmark, and determines the next sampling position corresponding to the current change whose absolute value reaches the benchmark as the candidate surge sampling position. The sampling time corresponding to the candidate surge sampling position is read from the current sampling sequence.

[0031] The acquisition module reads the candidate mutation sampling positions of the same outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence. When the first candidate mutation sampling position is read, the acquisition module uses this candidate mutation sampling position as the starting candidate mutation sampling position for the current mutation period. When continuing to read the next candidate mutation sampling position, if the next candidate mutation sampling position is continuous with the last candidate mutation sampling position in the current mutation period, and the corresponding current changes are of the same sign, the acquisition module writes the next candidate mutation sampling position into the current mutation period. If the next candidate mutation sampling position is not continuous with the last candidate mutation sampling position in the current mutation period, the acquisition module ends the current mutation period, writes the sampling time corresponding to the starting candidate mutation sampling position in the current mutation period as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch, and uses this next candidate mutation sampling position as the starting candidate mutation sampling position for the new current mutation period. When the next candidate mutation sampling sequence is consecutive to the last candidate mutation sampling sequence in the current mutation period, and the corresponding current changes are of different signs, the acquisition module ends the current mutation period, writes the sampling time corresponding to the starting candidate mutation sampling sequence in the current mutation period as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch, and uses this next candidate mutation sampling sequence as the starting candidate mutation sampling sequence of the new current mutation period. After the acquisition module completes the reading of all candidate mutation sampling sequences for the same outgoing branch, if the sampling time corresponding to the starting candidate mutation sampling sequence of the last current mutation period has not yet been written as the current mutation sampling time, it writes that sampling time as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. When a candidate mutation sampling sequence is not merged into the same mutation period with an adjacent candidate mutation sampling sequence, the acquisition module writes the sampling time corresponding to that candidate mutation sampling sequence as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. Outgoing branches that have not formed a candidate mutation sampling sequence are not written with a current mutation sampling time.

[0032] After the acquisition module completes the current sampling processing of each outgoing branch, it arranges the current change and current mutation sampling time of each outgoing branch according to the installation order obtained by the reference module, forming an electric domain mutation sequence. In one specific implementation, for the second outgoing branch, when the absolute values ​​of the current changes corresponding to the 6th to 8th sampling positions all reach the current mutation judgment benchmark, and all three current changes are positive, the acquisition module merges the 6th to 8th sampling positions into the same mutation time period, and writes the sampling time corresponding to the 6th sampling position as the current mutation sampling time of the second outgoing branch; when the absolute value of the current change corresponding to the 15th sampling position reaches the current mutation judgment benchmark, and the 15th sampling position is not merged into the same mutation time period with the adjacent candidate mutation sampling position, the acquisition module writes the sampling time corresponding to the 15th sampling position as another current mutation sampling time of the second outgoing branch.

[0033] The grouping module is used to take the outgoing branch with the smallest saturation sampling sequence as the starting branch, merge the over-limit branches along the branch adjacency chain until the non-over-limit branches stop, form a saturation response group, and calculate the stage offset based on the earliest over-limit sampling sequence to form the saturation front. Specifically, the grouping module reads the optical domain stage sequence formed by the acquisition module, and reads the branch adjacency chain formed by the reference module and the installation order obtained by the reference module. The optical domain stage sequence stores the branch identifier, current stage state, over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence for each outgoing branch; the branch adjacency chain stores the arrangement position, preceding adjacency relationship, and subsequent adjacency relationship for each outgoing branch. The grouping module uses the branch identifier as the corresponding field to map the current stage state, over-limit sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence in the optical domain stage sequence to the arrangement position in the branch adjacency chain. The grouping module identifies outgoing branches whose current stage state has reached the over-limit stage as over-limit branches, and identifies outgoing branches whose current stage state has not reached the over-limit stage as non-over-limit branches. The grouping module uses the current stage state of each outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence as the saturation response group merging judgment object, and reads the out-of-limit sampling sequence bit corresponding to the outgoing branch that has been written into the saturation response group when the saturation front is formed.

[0034] The grouping module reads the current stage state and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence, and identifies outgoing branches whose current stage state is saturated and whose saturation sampling sequence has been written as saturated branches. Outgoing branches whose current stage state is saturated but whose saturation sampling sequence has not yet been written as saturated branches are not included in this saturated branch arrangement. When the grouping module does not read a saturated branch, it does not form a starting branch and ends the current grouping process; after the subsequent sampling cycle is completed, the grouping module rereads the updated optical domain stage sequence and performs grouping processing again.

[0035] The grouping module reads the saturation sampling sequence of each saturated branch and arranges the saturated branches in ascending order of saturation sampling sequence. The smaller the saturation sampling sequence, the earlier the corresponding outgoing branch reaches the continuous confirmation condition under the saturation stage division benchmark. The grouping module determines the saturated branch with the first position in the arrangement as the starting branch. When multiple saturated branches have the same minimum saturation sampling sequence, the grouping module determines the saturated branch with the first position in the arrangement as the starting branch according to the installation order obtained by the benchmark module, making the starting branch uniquely determined.

[0036] The grouping module reads the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain and writes the starting branch into the saturation response group. The grouping module stores the branch identifier, arrangement position, and stage status of the outgoing branches already written into the saturation response group; when the corresponding outgoing branch has been written with an over-limit sampling sequence position, the grouping module stores the corresponding over-limit sampling sequence position in the saturation response group; when the corresponding outgoing branch has been written with a saturation sampling sequence position, the grouping module stores the corresponding saturation sampling sequence position in the saturation response group. After the starting branch is written, the grouping module uses the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain as the starting point for reading and reads consecutive adjacent outgoing branches along the preceding and following arrangement directions of the branch adjacency chain, respectively.

[0037] For the preceding arrangement direction, the grouping module reads the preceding adjacency relationship of the starting branch. When the preceding adjacency relationship exists, the grouping module reads the stage state of the preceding adjacent outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence. If the current stage state of the preceding adjacent outgoing branch has reached the over-limit stage, the grouping module writes the preceding adjacent outgoing branch into the saturated response group and continues to read the next consecutive adjacent outgoing branch along the preceding arrangement direction. If the current stage state of the preceding adjacent outgoing branch has not reached the over-limit stage, the grouping module stops merging in the preceding arrangement direction and keeps the subsequent outgoing branches in the preceding arrangement direction outside the saturated response group. If the preceding adjacency relationship does not exist, the grouping module stops reading in the preceding arrangement direction.

[0038] For subsequent arrangement directions, the grouping module reads the subsequent adjacency relationship of the starting branch. When a subsequent adjacency relationship exists, the grouping module reads the stage state of the subsequent adjacent outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence. If the stage state of the subsequent adjacent outgoing branch has reached the over-limit stage, the grouping module writes the subsequent adjacent outgoing branch into the saturation response group and continues to read the next consecutive adjacent outgoing branch along the subsequent arrangement direction. If the stage state of the subsequent adjacent outgoing branch has not reached the over-limit stage, the grouping module stops merging in the subsequent arrangement direction and keeps the subsequent outgoing branches in the subsequent arrangement direction outside the saturation response group. When a subsequent adjacency relationship does not exist, the grouping module stops reading in the subsequent arrangement direction.

[0039] After the grouped modules complete the merging of the preceding and following arrangement directions, they arrange the outgoing branches already written into the saturated response group according to the installation order obtained from the baseline module, forming a saturated response group. All outgoing branches in the saturated response group are those continuously read from the starting branch along the branch adjacency chain and whose stage state has reached the over-limit stage; subsequent outgoing branches interrupted by outgoing branches not yet in the over-limit stage are not written into the saturated response group.

[0040] After the grouping module forms a saturated response group, it reads the out-of-limit sampling sequence bit of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group. If no outgoing branch in the saturated response group has yet been written with an out-of-limit sampling sequence bit, the grouping module does not form a saturation leading edge, and the saturated response group formed this time is not used as the reading object for subsequent locking modules. In subsequent sampling cycles, the acquisition module continues to form an optical domain stage sequence, and the grouping module re-executes grouping processing based on the updated optical domain stage sequence.

[0041] When all outgoing branches in the saturated response group have been written with over-limit sampling positions, the grouping module determines the smallest over-limit sampling position in the saturated response group as the earliest over-limit sampling position. For any outgoing branch in the saturated response group, the grouping module subtracts the earliest over-limit sampling position from the over-limit sampling position of that outgoing branch to form the stage offset corresponding to that outgoing branch. The stage offset is the sampling position difference, used to represent the sequential offset relationship of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group relative to the earliest over-limit response. The grouping module arranges the branch identifier, over-limit sampling position, and stage offset of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group according to the installation order to form the saturation front.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, the distribution box includes a first outgoing branch, a second outgoing branch, a third outgoing branch, and a fourth outgoing branch installed sequentially along the same arrangement direction. In the optical domain stage sequence, the stage states of the second and third outgoing branches are in the saturation stage, and the saturation sampling sequence position of the second outgoing branch is less than that of the third outgoing branch. The grouping module determines the second outgoing branch as the starting branch. When the stage states of the first and third outgoing branches have reached the over-limit stage, but the stage states of the fourth outgoing branch have not reached the over-limit stage, the grouping module writes the first outgoing branch into the saturation response group along the preceding arrangement direction, and writes the third outgoing branch into the saturation response group along the subsequent arrangement direction. When the fourth outgoing branch is read, the subsequent arrangement direction merging stops. The grouping module arranges the first, second, and third outgoing branches according to the installation order to form a saturation response group.

[0043] In the above specific implementation, when the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch have all been written with the over-limit sampling sequence, the group module reads the over-limit sampling sequence of the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch, takes the over-limit sampling sequence with the smallest value as the earliest over-limit sampling sequence, calculates the stage offset corresponding to the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch respectively, and forms the saturation front according to the installation order.

[0044] The locking module is used to set the outgoing branches in the saturated response group as candidate fault branches, compare the ascending order of the adjacency distance with the ascending order of the stage offset and accumulate the number of inconsistent positions to form the leading edge reverse order quantity, sort the candidate faults according to the leading edge reverse order quantity, match the sampling time of the current change and the sampling time of the over-limit within the photoelectric synchronization window, determine the real fault branch when the matching is successful, and form the branch unlocked result when the matching is unsuccessful. Specifically, the locking module reads the saturation response group and saturation front formed by the grouping modules, and reads the branch adjacency chain and photoelectric synchronization window formed by the reference module. Simultaneously, it reads the optical domain stage sequence and electrical domain mutation sequence formed by the acquisition module. The saturation response group stores the branch identifier, arrangement position, and stage status of each outgoing branch already written into the group; the saturation front stores the out-of-limit sampling sequence position and stage offset of each outgoing branch within the saturation response group; the branch adjacency chain stores the preceding and following adjacency relationships of each outgoing branch; the optical domain stage sequence stores the out-of-limit sampling sequence position of each outgoing branch and the sampling time corresponding to the out-of-limit sampling sequence position; and the electrical domain mutation sequence stores the current mutation sampling time of each outgoing branch.

[0045] The locking module treats each outgoing branch within the saturated response group as a candidate fault branch. For any candidate fault branch, the locking module reads its position in the branch adjacency chain and the positions of each outgoing branch within the saturated response group in the same chain. Starting from the position of the candidate fault branch, the locking module reads the adjacency relationships level by level along the branch adjacency chain in both the forward and backward arrangement directions, and counts the number of adjacency relationships between the candidate fault branch and each outgoing branch within the saturated response group. This number of adjacency relationships is determined as the adjacency distance of the corresponding outgoing branch relative to the candidate fault branch; the adjacency distance of the candidate fault branch relative to itself is recorded as zero.

[0046] The locking module reads the stage offset of each outgoing branch in the saturation front and, using the branch identifier as the corresponding field, maps the adjacency distance and stage offset of the same outgoing branch to form a distance offset correspondence record for that candidate fault branch. The distance offset correspondence record stores the branch identifier of the candidate fault branch, the branch identifier of each outgoing branch within the saturation response group, the corresponding adjacency distance, and the corresponding stage offset, used to compare the consistency between the ascending order of adjacency distance and the ascending order of stage offset.

[0047] Under the same candidate fault branch, the locking module sets the inconsistency count to 0 and sequentially reads the distance offset records corresponding to all outgoing branch combinations consisting of any two different outgoing branches within the saturated response group. Only one comparison is performed for the same outgoing branch combination. For a group of different outgoing branches, the locking module first compares the adjacency distances of the two outgoing branches relative to the same candidate fault branch. If the adjacency distances of the two outgoing branches are different, the locking module identifies the outgoing branch with the smaller adjacency distance as the first outgoing branch and the outgoing branch with the larger adjacency distance as the second outgoing branch. If the stage offset of the first outgoing branch is greater than the stage offset of the second outgoing branch, the locking module increments the inconsistency count by one. If the stage offset of the first outgoing branch is not greater than the stage offset of the second outgoing branch, the locking module keeps the inconsistency count unchanged. When the adjacency distances of the two outgoing branches are the same, the locking module does not increase the inconsistency count based on this group of different outgoing branches. After the locking module completes the comparison of all different outgoing branch combinations under the same candidate fault branch, it determines the number of inconsistencies in position as the leading-edge inversion quantity corresponding to the candidate fault branch; when there are no two different outgoing branches in the saturated response group, the locking module determines 0 of the number of inconsistencies in position as the leading-edge inversion quantity corresponding to the candidate fault branch.

[0048] The locking module calculates the leading-edge inversion amount for each candidate fault branch within the saturated response group and arranges the candidate fault branches in ascending order according to their leading-edge inversion amounts, forming a fault candidate order. When multiple candidate fault branches have the same leading-edge inversion amount, the locking module arranges the candidate fault branch with the earlier position according to the installation order obtained by the baseline module, making the fault candidate order uniquely determined. The smaller the leading-edge inversion amount, the lower the degree of inversion between the adjacency distance increase relationship and the stage offset increase relationship when the corresponding candidate fault branch is used as the fault source.

[0049] The locking module reads the current candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order and reads the over-limit sampling sequence position of the current candidate fault branch from the optical domain stage sequence, determining the sampling time corresponding to the over-limit sampling sequence position as the over-limit sampling time. The locking module reads the current change sampling time of the current candidate fault branch from the electrical domain change sequence; when a current change sampling time is read, the locking module calculates the absolute value of the difference between the current change sampling time and the over-limit sampling time, determines the absolute value of the difference as the time difference, and compares the time difference with the photoelectric synchronization window; when multiple current change sampling times are read, the locking module calculates the absolute value of the difference between each current change sampling time and the over-limit sampling time in the order of sampling time, determines each absolute value of the difference as the corresponding time difference, and compares each time difference with the photoelectric synchronization window.

[0050] When the time difference between any current surge sampling moment and the over-limit sampling moment is not greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module determines the current candidate fault branch as the real fault branch and stops reading subsequent candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence. If no current surge sampling moment for the current candidate fault branch is read, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being considered a real fault branch and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate sequence. When a current surge sampling moment for the current candidate fault branch is read, and the time difference between each current surge sampling moment and the over-limit sampling moment is greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being considered a real fault branch and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate sequence.

[0051] When none of the candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence are identified as actual fault branches, the locking module generates a branch unlocked result. The branch unlocked result saves the branch identifier set of the saturated response group, the fault candidate sequence, the leading-edge reverse sequence quantity corresponding to each candidate fault branch, the status record of the current mutation sampling time not read, and the status record of the current mutation sampling time read but all time differences are greater than the photoelectric synchronization window. This is used by the subsequent fast-break module to determine the upper-level disconnection device and send the backup disconnection command.

[0052] In one specific implementation, the saturation response group includes a first outgoing branch, a second outgoing branch, and a third outgoing branch arranged in the installation sequence. The locking module designates the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch as candidate fault branches, respectively. When the second outgoing branch is selected as a candidate fault branch, the adjacency distances of the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch relative to the second outgoing branch are 1, 0, and 1, respectively. The locking module maps these adjacency distances to the stage offsets in the saturation leading edge, and compares different combinations of outgoing branches to form the leading edge inversion quantity corresponding to the second outgoing branch. The locking module forms leading edge inversion quantities for the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch, and forms a fault candidate order according to the leading edge inversion quantities from small to large. The locking module reads the candidate fault branches one by one according to the fault candidate order. When the time difference between the current change sampling time and the over-limit sampling time is not greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the corresponding candidate fault branch is determined as the real fault branch. When none of the candidate fault branches meet the photoelectric synchronization window matching, the branch is locked.

[0053] The instantaneous trip module is used to send an instantaneous trip command when a real faulty branch is identified, and to identify the upper-level tripping device and send a backup tripping command when a branch is not locked. Specifically, the instantaneous trip module reads the actual faulty branch or the branch not being locked result formed by the locking module, and reads the protection configuration and branch adjacency chain formed by the reference module, as well as the installation sequence obtained by the reference module. The protection configuration stores the disconnection confirmation reference, disconnection confirmation condition, over-limit stage division reference, and arc light sampling period; the over-limit stage division reference is the reference used to form the over-limit sampling sequence position in the arc light stage division reference. The branch adjacency chain stores the arrangement position, preceding adjacency relationship, and subsequent adjacency relationship of each outgoing branch. The instantaneous trip module also reads the pre-written branch disconnection correspondence and disconnection hierarchy relationship. The branch disconnection correspondence relationship stores the corresponding fields between each outgoing branch and the corresponding disconnection device; the disconnection hierarchy relationship stores the hierarchy correspondence fields between the disconnection device of each outgoing branch and the upper-level disconnection device, and stores the set of cut-off branch identifiers and hierarchy position corresponding to each upper-level disconnection device; the smaller the hierarchy position, the closer the protection range of the corresponding upper-level disconnection device is to the outgoing branch.

[0054] Once the locking module has identified the actual faulty branch, the instantaneous trip module reads the corresponding disconnecting device from the branch disconnection correspondence based on the branch identifier of the actual faulty branch and sends an instantaneous trip command to that disconnecting device. The instantaneous trip module identifies the disconnecting device receiving the instantaneous trip command as the target disconnecting device and records the time when the instantaneous trip command was sent. The instantaneous trip command stores the branch identifier of the actual faulty branch, the device identifier of the target disconnecting device, and the time when the instantaneous trip command was sent.

[0055] After the instantaneous trip command is sent, the instantaneous trip module reads the current sampling value of the corresponding outgoing branch of the target tripping device to form the post-tripping current response of the target tripping device. The post-tripping current response saves the device identifier of the target tripping device, the branch identifier of the corresponding outgoing branch, the current sampling value after the instantaneous trip command is sent, and the current sampling time. The instantaneous trip module also reads the saturated response group formed by the grouped modules, and after the instantaneous trip command is sent, reads the arc light sampling value of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group to form the post-tripping arc light response of the saturated response group. The post-tripping arc light response saves the branch identifier of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group, the arc light sampling value after the instantaneous trip command is sent, and the arc light sampling time.

[0056] The instantaneous trip module reads the disconnection confirmation reference, disconnection confirmation condition, over-limit stage division reference, and arc light sampling period from the protection configuration. The instantaneous trip module uses the current sampling time after the instantaneous trip command is sent as the disconnection confirmation sampling time, and forms a disconnection confirmation sampling sequence according to the order of the disconnection confirmation sampling times. For any disconnection confirmation sampling time, the instantaneous trip module reads the current sampling value corresponding to that disconnection confirmation sampling time from the current response after disconnection, and reads the arc light sampling values ​​of each outgoing branch within the saturation response group corresponding to that disconnection confirmation sampling time from the arc light response after disconnection.

[0057] When the arc light sampling time is inconsistent with the disconnection confirmation sampling time, the instant disconnection module reads the arc light sampling value that is before the disconnection confirmation sampling time and has the smallest time interval with it, and calculates the time interval between the arc light sampling time and the disconnection confirmation sampling time corresponding to this arc light sampling value. If this time interval is not greater than the arc light sampling period, the instant disconnection module uses this arc light sampling value as the arc light sampling value of the corresponding outgoing branch at the disconnection confirmation sampling time. If this time interval is greater than the arc light sampling period, the instant disconnection module marks the arc light sampling value of the corresponding outgoing branch at the disconnection confirmation sampling time as not read. When no corresponding arc light sampling value is read for any outgoing branch at the disconnection confirmation sampling time, the instant disconnection module writes the comparison status of the disconnection confirmation sampling time as an unconfirmed disconnection status, and writes the outgoing branch identifier for which no corresponding arc light sampling value was read and the disconnection confirmation sampling time into the unconfirmed disconnection reason record.

[0058] At any given break confirmation sampling time, when the arc light sampling value of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group has been determined at that time, the instantaneous trip module compares the current sampling value corresponding to the break confirmation sampling time with the disconnection confirmation benchmark, and compares the arc light sampling value of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group corresponding to the break confirmation sampling time with the over-limit stage division benchmark. The current response after break meeting the disconnection confirmation benchmark means that the current sampling value of the corresponding outgoing branch of the target break device is not greater than the disconnection confirmation benchmark; the arc light response after break not reaching the benchmark used to form the over-limit sampling sequence in the arc light stage division benchmark means that the arc light sampling value of each outgoing branch in the saturated response group is less than the over-limit stage division benchmark. The disconnection confirmation condition is the number of samples required for two consecutive comparison results to be met; the two comparison results include the current response after break meeting the disconnection confirmation benchmark, and the arc light response after break not reaching the benchmark used to form the over-limit sampling sequence in the arc light stage division benchmark.

[0059] At any given time of the breakout confirmation sampling, if the module does not write an "unconfirmed breakout" status due to the absence of a corresponding arc light sample value, and both comparison results are simultaneously satisfied, the instant breakout module writes the comparison status of that time of the breakout confirmation sampling as a valid breakout status. If the module does not write an "unconfirmed breakout" status due to the absence of a corresponding arc light sample value, but the two comparison results are not simultaneously satisfied, the instant breakout module writes the comparison status of that time of the breakout confirmation sampling as an "unconfirmed breakout" status. The instant breakout module sets the number of consecutive valid breakout states to 0 and counts the number of consecutive valid breakout states according to the order of the breakout confirmation sampling times. When a valid breakout state is read, the number of consecutive valid breakout states is incremented by one. When an unconfirmed breakout state is read, the counting of the current breakout confirmation is stopped, and an "incomplete instant breakout confirmation" status is generated. The instantaneous disconnection incomplete confirmation state saves the branch identifier of the actual fault branch, the device identifier of the target disconnection device, the disconnection confirmation sampling time that forms the unconfirmed disconnection state, the number of consecutive effective disconnection states, the comparison results of the current response after disconnection that have been formed, the comparison results of the arc response after disconnection that have been formed, and the record of the reason for the unconfirmed disconnection; when no comparison results of the arc response after disconnection have been formed, the instantaneous disconnection incomplete confirmation state saves the state record of the state that the corresponding arc light sampling value has not been read.

[0060] When the number of consecutive valid disconnected states reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, the instantaneous disconnect module generates an instantaneous disconnection completion result. The instantaneous disconnection completion result stores the branch identifier of the actual faulty branch, the device identifier of the target disconnecting device, the disconnection confirmation sampling time when the disconnection confirmation condition was met, the comparison results of the current response after disconnection, and the comparison results of the arc response after disconnection. After generating the instantaneous disconnection completion result, the instantaneous disconnect module does not send a backup disconnection command to the upstream disconnecting device corresponding to the actual faulty branch.

[0061] If a state of incomplete instant disconnection confirmation is formed before the number of consecutive valid disconnection states reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, the instant disconnection module reads the set of disconnectable branch identifiers containing the actual faulty branch from the disconnection hierarchy, based on the branch identifier of the actual faulty branch. When multiple sets of disconnectable branch identifiers containing the actual faulty branch are read, the instant disconnection module determines the upper-level disconnection device with the smallest hierarchical position as the receiving device for the backup disconnection command, and sends the backup disconnection command to that upper-level disconnection device, in ascending order of hierarchical position. The backup disconnection command stores the branch identifier of the actual faulty branch, the device identifier of the upper-level disconnection device receiving the backup disconnection command, the incomplete instant disconnection confirmation state, and the time when the backup disconnection command was sent.

[0062] When the locking module determines that a branch is not locked, the instantaneous trip module does not send an instantaneous trip command to any disconnecting device corresponding to any outgoing branch. The instantaneous trip module reads the branch identifier set of the saturated response group stored in the branch not locked result, and reads the disconnecting device corresponding to each outgoing branch in that branch identifier set according to the branch disconnection correspondence. The instantaneous trip module reads the upper-level disconnecting device of the cuttable branch identifier set that contains all outgoing branches in that branch identifier set according to the disconnection hierarchy. When multiple cuttable branch identifier sets contain upper-level disconnecting devices of all outgoing branches in that branch identifier set, the instantaneous trip module determines the upper-level disconnecting device with the smallest hierarchy position as the receiving device for the backup disconnecting command, and sends a backup disconnecting command to that upper-level disconnecting device, in ascending order of hierarchy position. The backup disconnecting command stores the branch identifier set of the saturated response group, the branch not locked result, the device identifier of the upper-level disconnecting device receiving the backup disconnecting command, and the time the backup disconnecting command was sent.

[0063] In one specific implementation, when the locking module determines the second outgoing branch as the actual faulty branch, the instantaneous trip module reads the second disconnecting device corresponding to the second outgoing branch from the branch disconnection correspondence and sends an instantaneous trip command to the second disconnecting device. The instantaneous trip module determines the second disconnecting device as the target disconnecting device, reads the current sampling value of the second outgoing branch as the current response after the instantaneous trip command is sent, and reads the arc light sampling values ​​of the first, second, and third outgoing branches in the saturated response group as the arc light response after the disconnection. The instantaneous trip module forms a comparison state according to the disconnection confirmation sampling time and counts the number of consecutive effective disconnection states; when the number of consecutive effective disconnection states reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, an instantaneous trip completion result is formed; when an instantaneous trip incomplete confirmation state is formed before the number of consecutive effective disconnection states reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, the module reads the upper-level disconnecting device corresponding to the second outgoing branch and sends a backup disconnection command to the upper-level disconnecting device. When the locking module results in an unlocked branch, the quick-break module reads the branch identifier set of the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch from the unlocked branch result, and sends a backup disconnect command to the upper-level disconnect device that can simultaneously disconnect the first outgoing branch, the second outgoing branch, and the third outgoing branch.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection, characterized in that, include: The reference module is used to obtain the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, determine the outgoing branches that are adjacent to each other in the installation sequence as adjacent outgoing branches, form a branch adjacency chain according to the adjacency relationship between each adjacent outgoing branch, form a protection configuration according to the reference parameters required for arc stage division and current change judgment, and form a photoelectric synchronization window according to the timing correspondence requirements of arc sampling and current sampling. The acquisition module is used to call the protection configuration, acquire the arc light sampling sequence and current sampling sequence of the outgoing branch, compare the arc light sampling sequence point by point according to the arc light stage division benchmark in the protection configuration to form the light domain stage sequence, and compare the adjacent current sampling values ​​after difference according to the current change judgment benchmark in the protection configuration to form the electric domain change sequence. The grouping module is used to take the outgoing branch with the smallest saturation sampling sequence as the starting branch, merge the over-limit branches along the branch adjacency chain until the non-over-limit branches stop, form a saturation response group, and calculate the stage offset based on the earliest over-limit sampling sequence to form the saturation front. The locking module is used to set the outgoing branches in the saturated response group as candidate fault branches, compare the ascending order of the adjacency distance with the ascending order of the stage offset and accumulate the number of inconsistent positions to form the leading edge reverse order quantity, sort the candidate faults according to the leading edge reverse order quantity, match the sampling time of the current change and the sampling time of the over-limit within the photoelectric synchronization window, determine the real fault branch when the matching is successful, and form the branch unlocked result when the matching is unsuccessful. The instant disconnect module is used to send an instant disconnect command when a real faulty branch is identified, and to determine the upper-level disconnect device and send a backup disconnect command when a branch is not locked.

2. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps by which the acquisition module forms the optical domain stage sequence include: The acquisition module reads the over-limit stage division benchmark, near-saturation stage division benchmark, saturation stage division benchmark, and continuous confirmation sampling number from the protection configuration; The acquisition module compares the arc light sampling values ​​of each outgoing branch with the over-limit stage division benchmark, the near-saturation stage division benchmark, and the saturation stage division benchmark point by point according to the sampling sequence, and writes the stage state of the corresponding sampling sequence into the optical domain stage sequence based on the comparison results. The acquisition module continuously confirms the over-limit stage division benchmark, the near-saturation stage division benchmark, and the saturation stage division benchmark respectively. When the arc light sampling value of the continuous sampling sequence of the continuous confirmation sampling number reaches the corresponding stage division benchmark, the first sampling sequence of the corresponding continuous sampling segment is written as the sampling sequence under the corresponding stage division benchmark. The sampling sequence under the corresponding stage division benchmark includes the sampling sequence beyond the limit, the sampling sequence near saturation, and the sampling sequence saturation; The acquisition module retains the over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence already written into the optical domain stage sequence without updating them in subsequent sampling processes. It also arranges the stage status, over-limit sampling sequence, near-saturation sampling sequence, and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch according to the installation order of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, forming the optical domain stage sequence.

3. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for the acquisition module to form an electric domain mutation sequence include: The acquisition module reads the current surge judgment benchmark from the protection configuration; The acquisition module subtracts the current sample value of the previous sampling position from the current sample value of the next sampling position in each outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence, to form the current change corresponding to the next sampling position. The acquisition module compares the absolute value of each current change with the current change judgment benchmark, and determines the next sampling position corresponding to the current change whose absolute value reaches the current change judgment benchmark as the candidate change sampling position. The acquisition module reads the candidate mutation sampling sequence of the same outgoing branch according to the sampling sequence. When adjacent candidate mutation sampling sequences are consecutive and the corresponding current changes are positive and negative, the corresponding candidate mutation sampling sequences are merged into the same mutation time period, and the sampling time corresponding to the first candidate mutation sampling sequence in the same mutation time period is written as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. When the candidate mutation sampling sequence is not merged into the same mutation time period, the sampling time corresponding to the candidate mutation sampling sequence is written as the current mutation sampling time of the corresponding outgoing branch. The acquisition module arranges the current change and current mutation sampling time of each outgoing branch according to the installation order of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, forming an electric domain mutation sequence.

4. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for grouping modules to determine the starting branch include: The group module reads the stage state and saturation sampling sequence of each outgoing branch in the optical domain stage sequence, identifies the outgoing branch with the stage state of saturation as the saturation branch, and arranges each saturation branch in ascending order of its saturation sampling sequence. The grouped module determines the saturated branch that ranks first in the order as the starting branch.

5. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps for forming a saturated response group from grouped modules include: The group module reads the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain and writes the starting branch into the saturated response group; The group module takes the position of the starting branch in the branch adjacency chain as the starting point for reading, and reads consecutive adjacent outgoing branches along the pre-order and post-order arrangement directions of the branch adjacency chain respectively. For any arrangement direction, when the stage state of the outgoing branch read in the optical domain stage sequence has reached the over-limit stage, the group module writes the outgoing branch into the saturated response group and continues to read the next consecutive adjacent outgoing branch along the same arrangement direction. When the stage state of the outgoing branch read in the optical domain stage sequence has not reached the over-limit stage, the grouped modules stop merging in the same arrangement direction and keep the subsequent outgoing branches in the same arrangement direction outside the saturated response group. The group modules are arranged according to the installation sequence of each outgoing branch along the same layout direction, and the outgoing branches that have been written into the saturated response group are formed.

6. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for the locking module to form the leading-edge reverse order quantity include: The locking module treats each outgoing branch in the saturated response group as a candidate fault branch. For any candidate fault branch, the locking module reads the position of the candidate fault branch and each outgoing branch in the saturated response group in the branch adjacency chain, and counts the number of adjacency relationships between the candidate fault branch and each outgoing branch in the saturated response group. The number of adjacency relationships is determined as the adjacency distance of the corresponding outgoing branch relative to the candidate fault branch. The locking module reads the stage offset of each outgoing branch in the saturation response group in the saturation front and matches the adjacency distance and stage offset of the same outgoing branch. Under the same candidate fault branch, the locking module compares the adjacency distance and stage offset of any two different outgoing branches in the saturated response group. When the adjacency distance of the first outgoing branch is less than the adjacency distance of the second outgoing branch, and the stage offset of the first outgoing branch is greater than the stage offset of the second outgoing branch, the locking module accumulates one instance of position inconsistency. The locking module determines the cumulative number of inconsistent positions under the same candidate fault branch as the leading-edge inversion quantity corresponding to that candidate fault branch.

7. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steps for the locking module to determine the actual faulty branch and the resulting branch unlocked state include: The locking module arranges the candidate fault branches in ascending order of the leading edge inversion quantity corresponding to each candidate fault branch, forming a fault candidate order. The locking module reads the current candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order, and reads the over-limit sampling sequence of the current candidate fault branch from the optical domain stage sequence, and determines the sampling time corresponding to the over-limit sampling sequence as the over-limit sampling time. The locking module reads the current mutation sampling time of the current candidate fault branch from the electrical domain mutation sequence, and compares the read current mutation sampling time with the over-limit sampling time one by one; When the time difference between any current surge sampling time and the over-limit sampling time is not greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module determines the current candidate fault branch as the real fault branch and stops reading the subsequent candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence. When the sampling time of the current change is not read, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being regarded as the real fault branch, and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order; When the current surge sampling time is read, and the time difference between each current surge sampling time and the over-limit sampling time is greater than the photoelectric synchronization window, the locking module keeps the current candidate fault branch from being regarded as the real fault branch, and reads the next candidate fault branch according to the fault candidate order. When none of the candidate fault branches in the fault candidate sequence are identified as actual fault branches, the locking module generates a branch unlocked result.

8. The distribution box safety protection system with arc flash linkage instantaneous overcurrent protection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The disconnection confirmation steps after the instant disconnection module sends an instant disconnection command include: After sending an instant trip command to the actual faulty branch, the instant trip module identifies the disconnecting device that receives the instant trip command as the target disconnecting device, reads the current response and arc response of the saturation response group after disconnection of the target disconnecting device, and reads the disconnection confirmation benchmark and disconnection confirmation condition. The instantaneous trip module compares the current response after tripping with the tripping confirmation reference, and compares the arc response after tripping with the reference used to form the over-limit sampling sequence in the arc phase division reference. The instantaneous trip module determines whether the comparison state continuously meets the disconnection confirmation condition based on the comparison state of the current response after disconnection meeting the disconnection confirmation benchmark and the arc response after disconnection not reaching the arc stage division benchmark used to form the over-limit sampling sequence. When the comparison status continuously reaches the disconnection confirmation condition, the instant disconnect module generates an instant disconnect completion result; When the comparison status does not continuously meet the disconnection confirmation condition, the quick disconnect module determines the upper-level disconnect device corresponding to the actual faulty branch and sends a backup disconnect command to the upper-level disconnect device.

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