An electricity distribution network expansion planning method for hydrogen production considering active management capability

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric hydrogen production distribution network extension planning methods considering active management capability, the method includes: obtaining the distribution network topology of planning area, branch parameter, transformer capacity, load prediction curve, new energy output prediction curve, electric hydrogen production equipment parameter, hydrogen storage state and hydrogen production task, construct the time sequence operation scene in planning period, and identify high-risk period and target congestion section;According to the equipment state and task constraint of candidate electric hydrogen production node, generate limited power probe instruction, the application relates to the technical field of distribution network planning and electric hydrogen collaborative optimization.This method, through limited power probe, collects the measured response of electric hydrogen production node to target congestion section, and forms active management response fingerprint by probe power change, power flow change, voltage change, response delay, recovery time and accompanying control device action, so that electric hydrogen production regulation capacity is converted into measurable planning parameter from theoretical estimation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distribution network planning and electric-hydrogen co-optimization, and more specifically, to a method for expanding the planning of an electric-hydrogen distribution network that takes into account active management capabilities. Background Technology

[0002] With the high proportion of new energy integration and the large-scale construction of hydrogen production loads, the distribution network is prone to line overload, voltage exceeding limits, and reverse power flow exceeding limits when new energy output is high, load is low, and hydrogen production power fluctuations are superimposed. Among the existing technologies, patent CN117578533B discloses a collaborative optimization configuration method for improving hydrogen supply capacity, focusing on hydrogen energy storage capacity configuration; patent CN116579115A discloses a system planning method for coordinated interaction between electricity and hydrogen, focusing on the overall scale optimization of the power system and hydrogen energy system; patent CN111626594A discloses a distribution network expansion planning method with the coordination of various demand-side resources, focusing on network expansion with the participation of demand-side resources; and patent CN116760113A discloses a multi-scenario optimization scheduling method for hydrogen-electric coupling systems, focusing on operation scheduling modeling. The aforementioned solutions typically use the flexibility of electro-hydrogen production as a preset adjustable parameter. They lack a closed-loop mechanism that verifies the actual response through constrained probes, eliminates unfeasible capacity, and determines the replacement relationship of expanded capacity based on grid heat accumulation and electrolyzer recovery capabilities. This leads to a discrepancy between planned capacity and actual on-site availability. Therefore, a method is needed to quantify the actual active management capability of electro-hydrogen production nodes and reliably incorporate it into expansion planning. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for planning the expansion of an electric hydrogen production distribution network that takes into account active management capabilities. This method solves the problems in existing distribution network expansion planning, such as idealizing the regulation capacity of electric hydrogen production, difficulty in identifying unrealizable capacity, failure to consider equipment recovery constraints after continuous calls, and lack of measured evidence for the substitution relationship of expansion capacity.

[0004] This invention achieves the above objective through the following technical solution: a method for expanding the planning of an electric hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities, the method comprising: The system acquires the distribution network topology, branch parameters, transformer capacity, load forecast curve, new energy output forecast curve, parameters of hydrogen production equipment, hydrogen storage status and hydrogen production tasks in the planning area, constructs the time-series operation scenario within the planning period, and identifies high-risk periods and target congestion sections with line overload, voltage over-limit or reverse power flow over-limit through power flow calculation. Based on the current operating power, remaining regulation capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, electrolyzer temperature, and hydrogen production task deviation limit of the candidate hydrogen production node, a limited power probe command is generated to control the electrolyzer to perform power increase probe adjustment or power decrease probe adjustment without exceeding the equipment operating boundary and hydrogen storage safety boundary. Collect the actual power of the electrolyzer, node voltage, branch current, power flow of the target congested section, control response delay, state recovery time and accompanying control device action before and after probe adjustment, establish the mapping relationship between probe power change and target congested section operation response, and generate active management response fingerprint of candidate electrohydrogen production nodes. Based on the active management response fingerprint, the regulation capacity with insufficient response amplitude, excessive response delay, and reverse cancellation by the accompanying control device is eliminated to obtain the verifiable active management capability boundary of the candidate electro-hydrogen production node. When calling up the capacity within the boundary of the available active management capability, the grid thermal debt status and electrolyzer flexible debt status of the target congestion section are calculated respectively, and the recovery results of the two types of status are predicted based on the interval between adjacent high-risk periods. If both types of states can recover to the allowable range before the next high-risk period arrives, the corresponding active management capacity will be retained. When any state cannot be restored to the allowable range, the boundary of the verifiable active management capability is shrunk according to the degree of non-recovery to obtain the effective active management capacity; The ability of the effective active management capacity to eliminate operational overruns is continuously verified according to the time sequence of high-risk periods. When the constraints of hydrogen storage safety, hydrogen production tasks, grid thermal debt and electrolyzer flexible debt are met, the distribution network expansion capacity that can be replaced by the effective active management capacity is determined. With the goal of minimizing the sum of expansion investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewable energy curtailment costs, hydrogen production energy consumption costs, and equipment operation risk costs, the joint determination of the location and capacity of line expansion, the location and capacity of transformer capacity increase, the configuration capacity and construction sequence of electric hydrogen production equipment, and output of an electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion plan.

[0005] Furthermore, the identification of high-risk time periods and target congestion sections includes: Align the load forecast curve, the new energy output forecast curve, and the hydrogen production task curve with the same sampling period to form a multi-period operation scenario within the planning period; For each operating scenario, power flow calculations are performed on the distribution network to obtain node voltage, branch current, branch active power flow, and transformer load factor. When any of the following conditions are met: branch current exceeds line rated current, node voltage exceeds allowable voltage range, or branch reverse active power flow exceeds reverse power flow limit, the period is designated as a high-risk period. The power supply path where the line, transformer, or voltage weak node that exceeds the limit is located is identified as the target congestion section, and the type, magnitude, and duration of the limit exceedance of the target congestion section are recorded.

[0006] Furthermore, the generation of the limited power probe command includes: Based on the rated power of the electrolyzer, the minimum stable operating power, the current operating power, and the ramp rate, the detectable power range of the candidate electrohydrogen production node in the power increase and power decrease directions is determined. Based on the current hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, the upper limit of hydrogen storage safety, the lower limit of hydrogen storage safety, and the remaining amount of hydrogen production task, determine the allowable range of hydrogen production deviation during probe adjustment; The probe power amplitude and probe duration are determined by taking the intersection of the detectable power range and the hydrogen production deviation range. When the power flow at the target congested section needs to absorb the reverse power flow of new energy, a power-up probe command is generated. When the power flow at the target congested section needs to reduce the impact of the voltage drop of the electro-hydrogen load, a power reduction probe command is generated.

[0007] Furthermore, the generation of the active management response fingerprint includes: Based on the probe command issuance time, set the pre-probe steady-state sampling window, the probe execution sampling window, and the post-probe recovery sampling window; Within the steady-state sampling window in front of the probe, the reference power of the electrolyzer, the reference node voltage, the reference branch current, and the power flow of the reference target congestion section are collected; Within the probe's sampling window, the actual power change of the electrolyzer, the node voltage change, the branch current change, and the power flow change at the target congested section are collected. The time required for the probe command to be sent to the electrolytic cell to reach 90% of the probe power amplitude is recorded as the control response delay. The time required for the electrolytic cell power, node voltage, branch current, and target congestion section power flow to recover to within ±3% of the mean of the steady-state sampling window before the probe after the probe is completed is recorded as the state recovery time. Based on the power flow change, voltage change, current change, control response delay, state recovery time, and accompanying control device actions corresponding to unit power regulation, an active management response fingerprint is formed.

[0008] Furthermore, the determination of the boundaries of the verifiable proactive management capabilities includes: Based on the active management response fingerprint, calculate the power flow mitigation sensitivity of candidate electrohydrogen nodes to the target congestion section by adjusting the unit power. The ratio of the exceedance of the target congestion section to the maximum detectable power amplitude of the candidate electrohydrogen node is used as the threshold for determining the power flow mitigation sensitivity. When the current flow mitigation sensitivity is less than the current flow mitigation sensitivity determination threshold, the corresponding adjustment capacity is removed. When the control response delay is greater than the allowable response time of the target congestion section, the regulation capacity formed after exceeding the allowable response time is eliminated. When the operation of the reactive power compensation device, transformer tap changer or energy storage device causes the power flow change direction of the target congestion section to be opposite to the probe adjustment target, the adjustment capacity that is offset by the reverse is eliminated. The reduced power regulation capacity and reduced power regulation capacity after elimination form the upper boundary and lower boundary of the realizeable active management capability, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation of the grid thermal debt status includes: Obtain the initial temperature, ambient temperature, operating current, rated current, and thermal time constant of the line or transformer corresponding to the target congested section before active management is invoked; The heat accumulation of the line or transformer relative to its rated operating state is calculated based on the ratio of the operating current to the rated current during the active management call period. Calculate the natural heat dissipation of the target congested section based on the ambient temperature and thermal time constant after the active management call ends; The remaining heat load after subtracting the natural heat dissipation from the accumulated heat is taken as the grid heat debt status. When the remaining heat load is not greater than the allowable heat margin of the target congestion section, the grid heat debt status is determined to meet the recovery constraint. When the remaining heat load is greater than the allowable heat margin of the target congestion section, the grid heat debt status is determined to not meet the recovery constraint.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation of the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer includes: The operating power, cell temperature, number of start-ups and shutdowns, cumulative low-load operating time, hydrogen purity, and hydrogen content in oxygen of the electrolyzer before active management activation are obtained. The electrolytic cell operation deviation is calculated based on the power offset amplitude, ramp duration, start-stop increment, and low-load operation time increment during the active management call period. The electrolyzer mass recovery amount is calculated based on the cell temperature recovery time, hydrogen purity recovery time, and oxygen hydrogen content recovery time after the active management call ends. The electrolytic cell operating deviation and the electrolytic cell mass recovery are combined to form the electrolytic cell flexible debt state; When the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer simultaneously meets the allowable range of tank temperature, the lower limit of hydrogen purity, the upper limit of hydrogen content in oxygen, and the upper limit of start-up and shutdown times, the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer is determined to meet the recovery constraints; otherwise, the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer is determined not to meet the recovery constraints.

[0011] Furthermore, the determination of the effective active management capacity includes: Obtain the time interval between the end of the current high-risk period and the start of the next high-risk period; Based on the interval, the heat dissipation recovery rate of the grid thermal debt state, and the operation recovery rate of the electrolyzer flexible debt state, the remaining amount of grid thermal debt and electrolyzer flexible debt before the start of the next high-risk period is predicted. When the remaining amount of grid thermal debt is not greater than the allowable threshold for grid thermal debt and the remaining amount of electrolytic cell flexible debt is not greater than the allowable threshold for electrolytic cell flexible debt, the capacity within the boundary of the redeemable active management capacity will be determined as the effective active management capacity. When the remaining amount of grid thermal debt exceeds the allowable threshold for grid thermal debt, or the remaining amount of electrolytic cell flexible debt exceeds the allowable threshold for electrolytic cell flexible debt, the boundary of the active management capability is contracted according to the ratio of the excess remaining amount to the corresponding allowable threshold, and the contracted capacity is determined as the effective active management capacity.

[0012] Furthermore, determining the distribution network expansion capacity that can be replaced by effective active management capacity includes: Establish a continuous verification sequence based on the start time of each high-risk period; The effective active management capacity of the candidate hydrogen production nodes is called in sequence, and the node voltage, branch current, branch reverse active power flow and transformer load rate are recalculated after the call. When the node voltage after the call is within the allowable voltage range, the branch current is not greater than the line rated current, the branch reverse active power flow is not greater than the reverse power flow limit, and the transformer load rate is not greater than the rated load rate, the operation over-limit in the corresponding high-risk period is determined to be eliminated. After each high-risk period is completed, update the hydrogen storage status, hydrogen production task completion amount, grid thermal debt status, and electrolyzer flexible debt status. When all high-risk periods within a continuous verification sequence meet the operational safety constraints and recovery constraints, the effective proactive management capacity will be converted into replaceable expansion capacity. When any high-risk period fails to meet operational safety constraints or recovery constraints, the excess capacity not covered by effective active management will be converted into line expansion capacity, transformer capacity expansion capacity, or hydrogen production equipment capacity expansion capacity.

[0013] Furthermore, the proposed expansion plan for the output-powered hydrogen production distribution network includes: Construct a set of planning decision variables that includes variables for line expansion, transformer capacity increase, configuration capacity of hydrogen production equipment, active management and call variables, and construction time series variables; Construct a set of planning constraints that includes power flow constraints, voltage safety constraints, line current constraints, reverse power flow constraints, transformer capacity constraints, electric hydrogen production operation constraints, hydrogen storage safety constraints, hydrogen production task constraints, verifiable active management capability boundary constraints, grid thermal debt constraints, and electrolyzer flexible debt constraints. To minimize the sum of expansion investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewable energy curtailment costs, hydrogen production energy consumption costs, active management and dispatch costs, and equipment operation risk costs, an expansion planning model for the electric hydrogen production distribution network is established. Solve the electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion planning model to obtain the location and capacity of line expansion, the location and capacity of transformer capacity increase, the configuration capacity of electric hydrogen production equipment, the capacity replacement of expansion capacity by active management capacity, the construction sequence and the active management call strategy for each high-risk period, and output them as the electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion planning scheme.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention collects the measured response of the electro-hydrogen production node to the target congestion section through a limited power probe, and forms an active management response fingerprint from the probe power change, power flow change, voltage change, response delay, recovery time and the actions of the accompanying control device, so that the electro-hydrogen production regulation capability is transformed from theoretical estimation into measurable planning parameters.

[0015] 2. This invention takes the common feasible range of the electrolyzer power boundary, hydrogen storage and hydrogen production boundary and the measured response boundary, and eliminates the capacity with insufficient response amplitude, excessive response delay and reverse cancellation by the accompanying control device, so as to avoid the flexible capacity that cannot be actually called into the planning model and improve the consistency between the planning results and the on-site execution capability.

[0016] 3. This invention constructs the power grid thermal debt status and the electrolyzer flexible debt status respectively, and continuously verifies the heat accumulation of the line or transformer, as well as the electrolyzer power deviation, start-up and shutdown, low load operation, cell temperature and hydrogen purity recovery process, to prevent the same active management capacity from being repeatedly overestimated in adjacent high-risk periods.

[0017] 4. This invention effectively optimizes the active management capacity in conjunction with line expansion, transformer capacity increase, and configuration of hydrogen production equipment. Under the conditions of meeting the requirements of distribution network safety, hydrogen storage safety, and hydrogen production tasks, it determines the expansion capacity that can be replaced by the active management capacity, thereby reducing investment in low-utilization expansion and improving the new energy absorption capacity and the engineering feasibility of the planning scheme. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the limited power probe execution process and active management response fingerprint of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a framework diagram of the power grid expansion planning optimization model for the electric hydrogen production and distribution network of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Example 1: Please see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention provides a method for expanding the planning of an electric hydrogen production distribution network that considers active management capabilities. This method is applicable to medium- and low-voltage distribution network planning scenarios that integrate wind power, photovoltaic power, and electric hydrogen production loads. This embodiment does not directly use the rated adjustable power of the electric hydrogen production load as the planned flexible capacity. Instead, it obtains the measured response of the electric hydrogen production node to the target congestion section through a limited power probe. Combining the response amplitude, response delay, accompanying control device actions, grid thermal debt, electrolyzer flexible debt, and recovery capabilities between consecutive high-risk periods, it determines the effective active management capacity that is feasible, recoverable, and sustainably available. This effective active management capacity is then incorporated into the distribution network expansion planning.

[0021] The planning period in this embodiment is taken as Time resolution is taken Corresponding formation Each operating period is considered. When using a typical day approach, weekdays, weekends, days with high renewable energy output, days with low renewable energy output, and extreme load days are selected to construct typical operating scenarios. Annual operating costs are calculated based on the number of days each type of typical day occurs throughout the year. The time resolution is determined based on the minimum stable sampling period of the power distribution automation system, the electric hydrogen production energy management system, and the renewable energy forecasting system. When the on-site sampling period is... or At that time, planning calculations can be performed according to the on-site sampling cycle, or they can be aggregated into... The polymerization process is carried out, but the power, electricity, and hydrogen production remain constant before and after polymerization.

[0022] Obtain the distribution network topology, branch parameters, transformer capacity, node load forecast curves, renewable energy output forecast curves, parameters of the electro-hydrogen production equipment, hydrogen storage status, and hydrogen production tasks within the planning area. The distribution network topology includes the connections between bus nodes, distribution lines, transformers, renewable energy access points, electro-hydrogen production access points, and conventional load access points. Branch parameters include line resistance, line reactance, rated current, reverse power flow limit, and thermal time constant. Electro-hydrogen production equipment parameters include the electrolyzer's rated power, minimum stable operating power, power ramp rate, maximum number of start-stop cycles, allowable tank temperature range, lower limit of hydrogen purity, and upper limit of hydrogen content in oxygen.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, the planning area includes Rated capacity of unit of Distribution transformers, with a new energy installed capacity of [missing information]. Candidate hydrogen production nodes include A set of alkaline electrolytic cells, each with a rated power of [missing information]. The minimum stable operating power of the electrolytic cell is taken as 1 / 3 of the rated power. The power ramp rate is taken as the rated power. The allowable temperature range of the tank is taken as follows: to The lower limit of hydrogen purity is taken as The upper limit of hydrogen content in oxygen is taken as .

[0024] The above equipment parameters are primarily derived from the equipment manufacturer's technical agreement, factory test report, trial operation report, and on-site operating procedures. When the boundaries specified in the equipment manufacturer's technical agreement and the on-site operating procedures are inconsistent, the more stringent safety operating boundary shall be adopted. For parameters for which no explicit values ​​are provided, the parameters shall be based on no less than [a specified range]. Complete historical operational data was statistically determined and covered. Conservative boundary values ​​for running samples.

[0025] The load forecast curves, renewable energy output forecast curves, and hydrogen production task curves will be uniformly converted to the same dimension system. Specifically, power output will be uniformly calculated using... Electricity consumption is uniformly adopted Hydrogen storage capacity and hydrogen production targets are uniformly adopted. The time is uniformly adopted or Temperature is uniformly adopted Node voltages are uniformly expressed in per-unit values. When the hydrogen storage capacity needs to be converted into the allowable adjustable power of the electrolyzer, the unit hydrogen production power consumption of the electrolyzer shall be used for conversion. The unit hydrogen production power consumption shall preferably be the measured value in the equipment performance test report; if the measured value is unavailable, the rated hydrogen production power consumption in the equipment technical agreement shall be used.

[0026] The load forecast curve, renewable energy output forecast curve, and hydrogen production task curve are aligned with the same sampling period to form multiple time-period operation scenarios within the planning period. Power flow calculations are performed on each operation scenario to obtain the voltage of each node, the current of each branch, the active power flow of each branch, and the transformer load rate.

[0027] When the branch current exceeds the corresponding line rated current, the node voltage exceeds the allowable voltage range, or the branch reverse active power flow exceeds the allowable reverse power flow limit, the corresponding time period will be designated as a high-risk time period. The allowable range of node voltage can be taken as follows to If the voltage range specified in the local power grid operation regulations is more stringent, the local power grid operation regulations shall prevail. The allowable limit for reverse power flow shall be determined based on the relay protection settings, the grid connection agreement, and the allowable reverse transmission capacity of the upstream substation; if there are differences among the three, the minimum value shall be adopted.

[0028] For each high-risk period, record the type, magnitude, and duration of overloads, and identify the power supply path containing the line, transformer, or voltage-weak node where the overload occurred as the target congestion section. The line overload magnitude is determined using... or This indicates that the voltage over-limit amplitude is expressed as follows: This indicates that the reverse current exceeding the limit is adopted. This indicates that, in order to enable unified comparison of different types of operational metrics, the operational metrics are normalized when generating the proactive management response fingerprint.

[0029] Next, candidate electro-hydrogen production nodes are selected from those that have power flow coupling with the target congestion section, and limited power probe commands are generated. For each candidate electro-hydrogen production node, the detectable power ranges in the power increase and power decrease directions are determined based on the electrolyzer's rated power, minimum stable operating power, current operating power, and power ramp rate.

[0030] Based on the current hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, the upper and lower safety limits of hydrogen storage, the remaining hydrogen production tasks, and the task completion deadline, the allowable hydrogen production deviation range during probe adjustment is determined. The intersection of the detectable power range and the power range corresponding to the hydrogen production deviation range is then used to obtain the probe power amplitude and probe duration that satisfy the constraints of equipment operation safety, hydrogen storage safety, and hydrogen production task requirements.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the probe power amplitude is taken as the rated power of the electrolyzer. to And not less than the measurement resolution of the power monitoring device. The probe duration is taken as a multiple; to And not less than the measured power response time of the electrolytic cell. The value is set at times. The selection rule is used to ensure that the power changes caused by the probe can be reliably identified by the monitoring device, while avoiding probe actions that could lead to hydrogen storage exceeding limits or irreversible deviations in hydrogen production tasks.

[0032] When the rated power of the electrolytic cell is The measurement resolution of the power monitoring device is At that time, the probe power amplitude is not less than Preferred selection to The time interval between two adjacent probe adjustments shall not be less than [amount missing]. This is to avoid continuous probe movement interfering with the normal recovery process of the electrolytic cell temperature and gas purity.

[0033] When the main problem at the target congested section is excessive reverse power flow from renewable energy sources, a power-up probe command is generated to verify the ability of the electric hydrogen production node to absorb reverse power flow after increasing its power consumption. When the main problem at the target congested section is line overload or node low voltage caused by concentrated operation of electric hydrogen production loads, a power-down probe command is generated to verify the ability of the electric hydrogen production node to alleviate line overload or node low voltage after reducing its power consumption.

[0034] During probe adjustment, the actual operating power of the electrolyzer must not be lower than the minimum stable operating power, nor higher than the rated power. The power change per unit time must not exceed the power ramp rate, and the change in hydrogen storage caused by probe adjustment must not exceed the upper or lower limit of hydrogen storage safety.

[0035] Subsequently, operational data during the probe adjustment process is collected, and an active management response fingerprint is generated. Based on the probe command issuance time, the pre-probe steady-state sampling window, the probe execution sampling window, and the post-probe recovery sampling window are set sequentially.

[0036] The steady-state sampling window before probe execution is taken. to The sampling window of the probe execution covers the duration of the probe command, and the sampling window is restored after the probe is completed. to Within the steady-state sampling window before the probe, the fluctuation range of the actual power of the electrolyzer relative to its window mean is less than that of the rated power of the electrolyzer. The fluctuation range of the node voltage relative to its window mean is smaller than If the above steady-state conditions are not met, the probe execution will be delayed to avoid misinterpreting natural fluctuations as probe responses.

[0037] Within the steady-state sampling window before the probe, the reference power of the electrolyzer, reference node voltage, reference branch current, and reference target congestion section power flow are collected. Within the probe execution sampling window, the actual power change of the electrolyzer, node voltage change, branch current change, and target congestion section power flow change are collected. Within the recovery sampling window after the probe, the recovery process of electrolyzer power, node voltage, branch current, and target congestion section power flow is collected.

[0038] The probe command is sent to the electrolyzer where the actual power change reaches the probe power amplitude. The required time is defined as the control response delay. After the probe is completed, the electrolyzer power, node voltage, branch current, and target congestion section power flow are restored to the mean values ​​of the steady-state sampling window before the probe. The time required within the specified range is defined as the state recovery time.

[0039] in, The basic characterization of the electrolyzer's power response is now complete. The recovery range is determined based on the measurement error of the monitoring device, natural fluctuations in the system, and data sampling errors; when the maximum permissible error of the monitoring device does not exceed At that time, the recovery range is in accordance with Set the maximum permissible error multiple times.

[0040] To form comparable active management response fingerprints, normalized response sensitivity is used to characterize the first... The candidate hydrogen production nodes for the first The actual impact intensity of a target congestion section, and the normalized response sensitivity, are calculated according to the following formula:

[0041] In the formula, Indicates the first The candidate hydrogen production nodes for the first The normalized response sensitivity of a target congestion section is a dimensionless parameter. This indicates the operational metrics of the target congested section before probe execution; This indicates the operational metrics of the target congested section after probe execution; This indicates the permissible limits corresponding to the operating indicators; and These represent the numbers before and after the probe execution, respectively. The actual power of each candidate electrohydrogen production node, in units of ; Indicates the first The rated power of each candidate electrohydrogen node, in units of .

[0042] When the target congestion type is line overload , and All data are expressed as branch current, in units of... When the target congestion type is reverse power flow exceeding the limit, all three adopt branch reverse active power flow, with units of [missing information]. When the target congestion type is voltage over-limit, all three methods use node voltage deviation, in units of... The numerator and denominator of the above formula are both normalized to the corresponding benchmark values. Therefore, the normalized response sensitivity is dimensionless and can be used for comparison between different electrohydrogen production nodes and different target congestion sections.

[0043] Normalized response sensitivity threshold The measurement noise limit and minimum effective mitigation requirement are jointly determined. Specifically, under the condition of no probe execution, the natural fluctuation standard deviation of the target congestion section's operating indicators is statistically analyzed. ,Will The noise identification lower limit is determined; the minimum excess ratio that the target congestion section needs to alleviate is determined as the engineering identification lower limit, and the engineering identification lower limit is preferably selected from the following values. Normalized response sensitivity threshold Choose the larger of the noise recognition lower limit and the engineering recognition lower limit.

[0044] when If the candidate electrohydrogen node is deemed insufficient to address the target congestion section, its corresponding probe adjustment capacity is not included in the effective response capacity. This threshold rule prevents measurement noise, short-term natural fluctuations, or spurious responses from weakly coupled nodes from being included in the extended programming.

[0045] After obtaining the active management response fingerprint, the deliverable active management capability boundary of candidate electro-hydrogen production nodes is determined. The deliverable active management capability boundary is simultaneously constrained by the electrolyzer power operation boundary, the hydrogen storage and production boundary, and the measured response boundary of the distribution network. The cashable active management capacity of each candidate electro-hydrogen production node is determined by the following formula:

[0046] In the formula, Indicates the first The cashable actively managed capacity of each candidate electrohydrogen production node, in units of ; This represents the adjustable power capacity determined by the electrolyzer's rated power, minimum stable operating power, current operating power, and power ramp rate, in units of [unit missing]. ; This represents the permissible hydrogen storage and production capacity calculated based on the upper limit and lower limit of hydrogen storage safety, current hydrogen storage capacity, remaining hydrogen production tasks, and unit electricity consumption for hydrogen production. The unit is [unit missing]. ; This represents the effective response capacity retained after capacity rejection based on normalized response sensitivity, control response delay, and accompanying control device actions, expressed in units of [unit missing]. .

[0047] The above formula uses a minimum value constraint instead of weighted summation, so that the determined realizable active management capacity simultaneously satisfies the electrolyzer power operation boundary, the hydrogen storage and hydrogen production boundary, and the measured response boundary of the distribution network.

[0048] In the power-up direction, It should not exceed the difference between the electrolytic cell's rated power and the current operating power, and should also not exceed the product of the power ramp-up rate and the allowable response time. In the power reduction direction, It should not be greater than the difference between the current operating power and the minimum stable operating power, and should also not be greater than the product of the power ramp-up rate and the allowable response time.

[0049] The calculation is based on the remaining space of the hydrogen storage tank from the upper or lower safety limit of hydrogen storage, the allowable deviation of the hydrogen production task, the probe duration, and the unit hydrogen production power consumption. Determined based on probe measurement results. If the control response delay exceeds the allowable response time, or if the accompanying control device action causes the change in the target congestion section's operational index to be opposite to the probe's adjustment target, the corresponding capacity will not be included. .

[0050] Control response latency threshold It is determined based on the duration of high-risk periods and the requirements for distribution network dispatch response. Take the duration of the high-risk period and not greater than If the response time required by the relay protection setting or dispatching procedure is shorter, the shorter response time shall be used. This ensures that the active management actions can provide actual mitigation during the period of continuous operation exceeding limits.

[0051] During the process of invoking available proactive management capacity to alleviate target congestion sections, the grid thermal debt status of the target congested equipment is calculated. The grid thermal debt status is used to characterize the degree to which heat accumulation occurs in lines or transformers due to proactive management invocation, and the degree to which the heat accumulation has not completely dissipated before the arrival of the next high-risk period.

[0052] No. The temperature of the target congested device at the end of the active management call and its grid thermal debt are determined according to the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, Indicates the first The estimated temperature of the target congested device at the end of the active management call, in units of ; Indicates ambient temperature, in units of ; This indicates the device temperature at the start of the active management call, in units of... ; Indicates the duration of the active management call, in units of ; Indicates the first The thermal time constant of each target congested device, in units of ; This represents the steady-state temperature rise of the target congested device relative to ambient temperature under rated current conditions, in units of... ; This represents the operating current of the target congested device during the active management call, in units of... ; This indicates the rated current of the target congested device, in units of... ; Indicates the allowable temperature of the target congested device, in units of ; Indicates the first The grid thermal debt of a target congested device is a dimensionless parameter.

[0055] because The current is a dimensionless per-unit value, and all temperature parameters in the formula are expressed in per-unit format. Time parameters With thermal time constant All adopted Therefore, the dimensions of the above formulas are unified. When When, it indicates that the target congested device does not have residual thermal pressure exceeding the allowable temperature under the current ambient temperature; when At this time, it indicates that the target congested equipment has unrecovered thermal debt.

[0056] Thermal time constant and rated steady-state temperature rise Priority should be given to fitting results from line design data, transformer factory test reports, or online temperature monitoring data. When measured data is unavailable, the thermal time constant of overhead lines should be taken as... to The thermal time constant of the cable line is taken as to The thermal time constant of the oil-immersed transformer is taken as to .

[0057] Target congestion equipment allowable temperature Determined according to equipment operating procedures or manufacturer's technical requirements; if the two are inconsistent, the lower permissible temperature shall be used. Ambient temperature The forecast temperatures corresponding to high-risk periods are used; under conservative planning conditions, the ambient temperatures of typical high-temperature days in the planning area during summer are used. Quantile value.

[0058] While determining the thermal debt status of the power grid, the flexible debt status of the electrolyzer is calculated. Electrolyzer flexible debt characterizes the flexible pressure exerted on the electrolyzer due to power shifts, power ramp-ups, start-up and shutdown operations, low-load operation, tank temperature deviations, and decreased gas purity. To reduce the uncertainty introduced by human weighting, this embodiment uses the maximum value among the normalized constraint terms to represent the electrolyzer flexible debt, rather than employing a multi-factor weighted summation.

[0059] No. The flexible debt of each electrolytic cell is determined according to the following formula:

[0060] In the formula, This represents the power offset normalization term. This represents the normalized term for the number of start-stop cycles. This represents the low-load time normalization term. This represents the normalized term for the temperature deviation of the tank. This represents the normalization term for hydrogen purity deviation; Indicates the first The flexible debt of an electrolytic cell is a dimensionless parameter. Indicates the first active management call during the period The offset of each electrolytic cell relative to the original planned power, in units of ; Indicates the first The rated power of each electrolytic cell, in units of ; This indicates the number of starts and stops added due to proactive management within the statistical period, expressed in times. This indicates the number of starts and stops allowed within the corresponding statistical period, in times. Indicates the first The cumulative time that an electrolyzer operates below the recommended economic load range, in units of ; This indicates the allowed cumulative low-load running time, in units of... .

[0061] Indicates the end of the active management call. The temperature of each electrolytic cell, in units of ; This indicates the recommended operating temperature of the tank, in units of... ; Indicates the allowable temperature deviation of the tank, in units of ; This indicates the hydrogen purity after the active management call ends, in units of... ; This indicates the required purity of hydrogen for the intended use, expressed in units of... ; This indicates the minimum permissible hydrogen purity for safe operation of the electrolyzer, expressed in units of... ; Indicates when Time to take ,when Time to take .

[0062] All terms in the above formula are normalized using their respective allowable values; therefore, each term and the final result... All are dimensionless parameters. At that time, it was determined that the flexible bond of the electrolytic cell was within the allowable range; when If at least one device operation constraint or gas quality constraint is determined to be breached, the active management capacity in the corresponding direction needs to be reduced.

[0063] Number of starts and stops allowed Prioritize using the daily or monthly start-stop frequency limits specified by the equipment manufacturer. Allow for accumulated low-load operating time. Determined according to the equipment manual; if the equipment manual does not specify, the continuous low-load operation time shall not exceed [the specified time]. Sure.

[0064] Recommended operating temperature of the tank Take the median value of the manufacturer's recommended operating temperature range. When the allowable temperature range of the tank is... to hour, Pick , Pick Hydrogen purity requirements The determination is based on the intended use of hydrogen; when used for supplying hydrogen to fuel cells, it is taken from... When used for general industrial hydrogen applications, the minimum hydrogen purity shall be determined according to the hydrogen supply contract or applicable standards. Determined according to the safety interlock protection requirements of the electrolytic cell.

[0065] Furthermore, based on the time interval between the end of the current high-risk period and the start of the next high-risk period, the recovery results of grid thermal debt and electrolytic cell flexible debt before the arrival of the next high-risk period are predicted.

[0066] The recovery process for grid thermal debt is determined based on the thermal time constant of the target congested equipment. The recovery process for electrolyzer flexible debt is determined based on the recovery time of cell temperature, hydrogen purity, and hydrogen content in oxygen from historical operating data. The recovery time uses a value of not less than... The measured data of the same type of power regulation process were used to determine the recovery time. The quantile value is used as the planned recovery time to reduce the overestimation of capacity caused by accidental rapid recovery of samples.

[0067] Before the next high-risk period begins, the grid thermal debt of the target congested equipment will recover to [a certain level]. And the corresponding flexible debt of the electrolytic cell is no greater than At that time, retain the corresponding redeemable actively managed capacity. When the grid thermal debt is still greater than... Or the flexible debt of the electrolytic cell is still greater than At that time, the boundary of proactive management capability can be realized by shrinking according to the degree of over-limit, so as to obtain effective proactive management capacity.

[0068] When the thermal debt of the power grid has not been recovered, proactive management strategies that cause increased operating current or continued temperature rise in the target congested equipment will be prioritized. When the flexible debt of the electrolyzer has not been recovered, proactive management strategies that cause low-load operation, frequent start-ups and shutdowns, deviations in cell temperature, or a decrease in hydrogen purity in the electrolyzer will be prioritized.

[0069] The capacity contraction ratio is determined based on the degree to which flexible debt or thermal debt exceeds the allowable limit, without assigning any subjective, empirical weights. For example, when the flexible debt of an electrolytic cell is... When, it indicates that at least one flexible constraint exceeds the allowable boundary. The corresponding redeemable active management capacity will first be reduced to its original capacity. After contraction, recalculate the flexible debt of the electrolyzer; if the constraint is still not met, continue contraction until the flexible debt of the electrolyzer is no greater than [amount missing]. Or the corresponding active management capacity is reduced to .

[0070] Subsequently, a continuous verification sequence was established according to the start time of each high-risk period. The effective active management capacity of each candidate hydrogen production node was called in sequence, and the power flow calculation of the distribution network was re-performed to obtain the node voltage, branch current, branch reverse active power flow and transformer load rate after the call.

[0071] When the node voltage after the call is within the allowable voltage range, the branch current is not greater than the line rated current, the reverse active power flow of the branch is not greater than the reverse power flow allowable limit, and the transformer load rate is not greater than the allowable load rate, the operation over-limit during the corresponding high-risk period is determined to be eliminated.

[0072] After each high-risk period verification is completed, the hydrogen storage status and hydrogen production task completion amount are updated based on the actual power of the electrolyzer and the duration of its operation. The grid thermal debt status and electrolyzer flexible debt status are also updated according to the aforementioned grid thermal debt formula and electrolyzer flexible debt formula. The updated hydrogen storage status, hydrogen production task completion amount, grid thermal debt status, and electrolyzer flexible debt status are used as the initial status for the next high-risk period verification.

[0073] When all high-risk periods within a continuous verification sequence meet the constraints of distribution network operation safety, grid thermal debt recovery, electrolyzer flexible debt recovery, hydrogen storage safety, and hydrogen production tasks, the effective actively managed capacity will be converted into replaceable expansion capacity. Replaceable expansion capacity is determined using... This indicates the excess capacity that can be eliminated through active management of hydrogen production without adding or with minimal addition of new lines or transformers.

[0074] When any high-risk period fails to meet the operational safety constraints or recovery constraints, the line overload, transformer overload, or reverse power flow exceeding the limit that is not effectively covered by the active management capacity will be converted into line expansion capacity, transformer capacity expansion capacity, or hydrogen production equipment capacity expansion capacity, respectively.

[0075] Finally, an expansion planning model for the hydrogen production power grid was constructed. Planning decision variables included line expansion variables, transformer capacity increase variables, hydrogen production equipment configuration capacity variables, active management and dispatch variables, and construction timing variables. Planning constraints included power flow constraints, node voltage constraints, line current constraints, reverse power flow constraints, transformer capacity constraints, hydrogen production operation constraints, hydrogen storage safety constraints, hydrogen production task constraints, verifiable active management capacity boundary constraints, grid thermal debt constraints, and electrolyzer flexible debt constraints.

[0076] The planning model aims to minimize the sum of expansion investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewable energy curtailment costs, hydrogen production energy consumption costs, active management and dispatch costs, and equipment operation risk costs. All costs are uniformly converted to RMB ten thousand or RMB yuan per year. One-time construction investment is converted to annualized costs based on the planning period and discount rate to avoid inconsistencies between the statistical periods of one-time investment costs and annual operating costs.

[0077] By solving the expansion planning model of the hydrogen production power distribution network, we obtain the location and capacity of line expansion, the location and capacity of transformer capacity increase, the configuration capacity of hydrogen production equipment, the capacity replacement of expansion capacity by active management capacity, the construction sequence, and the active management call strategy for each high-risk period. The solution results are output as the expansion planning scheme of the hydrogen production power distribution network.

[0078] Therefore, this embodiment transforms the theoretical adjustable capacity of the hydrogen production load into a measurable, realizable, recoverable, and expandable capacity replacement planning resource by using a limited power probe, normalized response sensitivity, realizable active management capability boundary, grid thermal debt, and electrolyzer flexible debt. This improves the safety, economy, and engineering feasibility of the hydrogen production distribution network expansion planning scheme.

[0079] The above embodiments provide a detailed description of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for expanding the planning of an electric hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities, characterized in that, The method includes: The system acquires the distribution network topology, branch parameters, transformer capacity, load forecast curve, new energy output forecast curve, hydrogen production equipment parameters, hydrogen storage status, and hydrogen production tasks for the planning area. It constructs the time-series operation scenario within the planning period and identifies high-risk periods and target congestion sections with line overload, voltage over-limit, or reverse power flow over-limit through power flow calculation. Based on the current operating power, remaining regulation capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, electrolyzer temperature, and hydrogen production task deviation limit of the candidate hydrogen production node, a limited power probe command is generated to control the electrolyzer to perform power increase probe adjustment or power decrease probe adjustment without exceeding the equipment operating boundary and hydrogen storage safety boundary. Collect the actual power of the electrolyzer, node voltage, branch current, power flow of the target congested section, control response delay, state recovery time and accompanying control device action before and after probe adjustment, establish the mapping relationship between probe power change and target congested section operation response, and generate active management response fingerprint of candidate electrohydrogen production nodes. Based on the active management response fingerprint, the regulation capacity with insufficient response amplitude, excessive response delay, and reverse cancellation by the accompanying control device is eliminated to obtain the verifiable active management capability boundary of the candidate electro-hydrogen production node. When calling up the capacity within the boundary of the available active management capability, the grid thermal debt status and electrolyzer flexible debt status of the target congestion section are calculated respectively, and the recovery results of the two types of status are predicted based on the interval between adjacent high-risk periods. If both types of states can recover to the allowable range before the next high-risk period arrives, the corresponding active management capacity will be retained. When any state cannot be restored to the allowable range, the boundary of the verifiable active management capability is shrunk according to the degree of non-recovery to obtain the effective active management capacity; The ability of the effective active management capacity to eliminate operational overruns is continuously verified according to the time sequence of high-risk periods. When the constraints of hydrogen storage safety, hydrogen production tasks, grid thermal debt and electrolyzer flexible debt are met, the distribution network expansion capacity that can be replaced by the effective active management capacity is determined. With the goal of minimizing the sum of expansion investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewable energy curtailment costs, hydrogen production energy consumption costs, and equipment operation risk costs, the joint determination of the location and capacity of line expansion, the location and capacity of transformer capacity increase, the configuration capacity and construction sequence of electric hydrogen production equipment, and output of an electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion plan.

2. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of high-risk time periods and target congestion sections includes: Align the load forecast curve, the new energy output forecast curve, and the hydrogen production task curve with the same sampling period to form a multi-period operation scenario within the planning period; For each operating scenario, power flow calculations are performed on the distribution network to obtain node voltage, branch current, branch active power flow, and transformer load factor. When any of the following conditions are met: branch current exceeds line rated current, node voltage exceeds allowable voltage range, or branch reverse active power flow exceeds reverse power flow limit, the period is designated as a high-risk period. The power supply path where the line, transformer, or voltage weak node that exceeds the limit is located is identified as the target congestion section, and the type, magnitude, and duration of the limit exceedance of the target congestion section are recorded.

3. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generation of the power-limited probe command includes: Based on the rated power of the electrolyzer, the minimum stable operating power, the current operating power, and the ramp rate, the detectable power range of the candidate electrohydrogen production node in the power increase and power decrease directions is determined. Based on the current hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, the upper limit of hydrogen storage safety, the lower limit of hydrogen storage safety, and the remaining amount of hydrogen production task, determine the allowable range of hydrogen production deviation during probe adjustment; The probe power amplitude and probe duration are determined by taking the intersection of the detectable power range and the hydrogen production deviation range. When the power flow at the target congested section needs to absorb the reverse power flow of new energy, a power-up probe command is generated. When the power flow at the target congested section needs to reduce the impact of the voltage drop of the electro-hydrogen load, a power reduction probe command is generated.

4. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 3, characterized in that, The generation of the active management response fingerprint includes: Based on the probe command issuance time, set the steady-state sampling window before probe, the probe execution sampling window, and the post-probe recovery sampling window; Within the steady-state sampling window in front of the probe, the reference power of the electrolyzer, the reference node voltage, the reference branch current, and the power flow of the reference target congestion section are collected; Within the probe's sampling window, the actual power change of the electrolyzer, the node voltage change, the branch current change, and the power flow change at the target congested section are collected. The time required for the probe command to be sent to the electrolytic cell to reach 90% of the probe power amplitude is recorded as the control response delay. The time required for the electrolytic cell power, node voltage, branch current, and target congestion section power flow to recover to within ±3% of the mean of the steady-state sampling window before the probe after the probe is completed is recorded as the state recovery time. Based on the power flow change, voltage change, current change, control response delay, state recovery time, and accompanying control device actions corresponding to unit power regulation, an active management response fingerprint is formed.

5. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the boundaries of the verifiable proactive management capabilities includes: Based on the active management response fingerprint, calculate the power flow mitigation sensitivity of candidate electrohydrogen nodes to the target congestion section by adjusting the unit power. The ratio of the exceedance of the target congestion section to the maximum detectable power amplitude of the candidate electrohydrogen node is used as the threshold for determining the power flow mitigation sensitivity. When the current flow mitigation sensitivity is less than the current flow mitigation sensitivity determination threshold, the corresponding adjustment capacity is removed. When the control response delay is greater than the allowable response time of the target congestion section, the regulation capacity formed after exceeding the allowable response time is eliminated. When the operation of the reactive power compensation device, transformer tap changer or energy storage device causes the power flow change direction of the target congestion section to be opposite to the probe adjustment target, the adjustment capacity that is offset by the reverse is eliminated. The reduced power regulation capacity and reduced power regulation capacity after elimination form the upper boundary and lower boundary of the realizeable active management capability, respectively.

6. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the grid heat debt status includes: Obtain the initial temperature, ambient temperature, operating current, rated current, and thermal time constant of the line or transformer corresponding to the target congested section before active management is invoked; The heat accumulation of the line or transformer relative to its rated operating state is calculated based on the ratio of the operating current to the rated current during the active management call period. Calculate the natural heat dissipation of the target congested section based on the ambient temperature and thermal time constant after the active management call ends; The remaining heat load after subtracting the natural heat dissipation from the accumulated heat is taken as the grid heat debt status. When the remaining heat load is not greater than the allowable heat margin of the target congestion section, the grid heat debt status is determined to meet the recovery constraint. When the remaining heat load is greater than the allowable heat margin of the target congestion section, the grid heat debt status is determined to not meet the recovery constraint.

7. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer includes: The operating power, cell temperature, number of start-ups and shutdowns, cumulative low-load operating time, hydrogen purity, and hydrogen content in oxygen of the electrolyzer before active management activation are obtained. The electrolytic cell operation deviation is calculated based on the power offset amplitude, ramp duration, start-stop increment, and low-load operation time increment during the active management call period. The electrolyzer mass recovery amount is calculated based on the cell temperature recovery time, hydrogen purity recovery time, and hydrogen content recovery time after the active management call ends. The electrolytic cell operating deviation and the electrolytic cell mass recovery are combined to form the electrolytic cell flexible debt state; When the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer simultaneously meets the allowable range of tank temperature, the lower limit of hydrogen purity, the upper limit of hydrogen content in oxygen, and the upper limit of start-up and shutdown times, the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer is determined to meet the recovery constraints; otherwise, the flexible debt state of the electrolyzer is determined not to meet the recovery constraints.

8. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the effective active management capacity includes: Obtain the time interval between the end of the current high-risk period and the start of the next high-risk period; Based on the interval, the heat dissipation recovery rate of the grid thermal debt state, and the operation recovery rate of the electrolyzer flexible debt state, the remaining amount of grid thermal debt and electrolyzer flexible debt before the start of the next high-risk period is predicted. When the remaining amount of grid thermal debt is not greater than the allowable threshold for grid thermal debt and the remaining amount of electrolytic cell flexible debt is not greater than the allowable threshold for electrolytic cell flexible debt, the capacity within the boundary of the redeemable active management capacity will be determined as the effective active management capacity. When the remaining amount of grid thermal debt exceeds the allowable threshold for grid thermal debt, or the remaining amount of electrolytic cell flexible debt exceeds the allowable threshold for electrolytic cell flexible debt, the boundary of the active management capability is contracted according to the ratio of the excess remaining amount to the corresponding allowable threshold, and the contracted capacity is determined as the effective active management capacity.

9. The method for expanding the hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 8, characterized in that, The determination of distribution network expansion capacity that can be replaced by effective active management capacity includes: Establish a continuous verification sequence based on the start time of each high-risk period; The effective active management capacity of the candidate hydrogen production nodes is called in sequence, and the node voltage, branch current, branch reverse active power flow and transformer load rate are recalculated after the call. When the node voltage after the call is within the allowable voltage range, the branch current is not greater than the line rated current, the branch reverse active power flow is not greater than the reverse power flow limit, and the transformer load rate is not greater than the rated load rate, the operation over-limit during the corresponding high-risk period is determined to be eliminated. After each high-risk period is completed, update the hydrogen storage status, hydrogen production task completion amount, grid thermal debt status, and electrolyzer flexible debt status. When all high-risk periods within a continuous verification sequence meet the operational safety constraints and recovery constraints, the effective proactive management capacity will be converted into replaceable expansion capacity. When any high-risk period fails to meet operational safety constraints or recovery constraints, the excess capacity not covered by effective active management will be converted into line expansion capacity, transformer capacity expansion capacity, or hydrogen production equipment capacity expansion capacity.

10. The method for expanding the electric hydrogen production and distribution network considering active management capabilities according to claim 9, characterized in that, The proposed expansion plan for the output-powered hydrogen production and distribution network includes: Construct a set of planning decision variables that includes variables for line expansion, transformer capacity increase, configuration capacity of hydrogen production equipment, active management and call variables, and construction time series variables; Construct a set of planning constraints that includes power flow constraints, voltage safety constraints, line current constraints, reverse power flow constraints, transformer capacity constraints, electric hydrogen production operation constraints, hydrogen storage safety constraints, hydrogen production task constraints, verifiable active management capability boundary constraints, grid thermal debt constraints, and electrolyzer flexible debt constraints. To minimize the sum of expansion investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewable energy curtailment costs, hydrogen production energy consumption costs, active management and dispatch costs, and equipment operation risk costs, an expansion planning model for the electric hydrogen production distribution network is established. Solve the electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion planning model to obtain the location and capacity of line expansion, the location and capacity of transformer capacity increase, the configuration capacity of electric hydrogen production equipment, the capacity replacement of expansion capacity by active management capacity, the construction sequence and the active management call strategy for each high-risk period, and output them as the electric hydrogen production distribution network expansion planning scheme.

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