A method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency modulation and black start

Abstract

The application provides a kind of energy storage capacity configuration method for assisting unit frequency modulation and black start, belongs to the technical field of power generation energy storage, can significantly alleviate or solve the problem that existing energy storage capacity configuration multi-oriented single frequency modulation or standby scene, instantaneous power demand and cumulative power demand are not distinguished, and daily frequency modulation and black start power reservation coordination is insufficient, the unit, AGC, frequency deviation, SFC or LCI, auxiliary machine, PCS and energy storage parameter are obtained, the energy storage power demand and energy storage power demand under the working condition of AGC frequency modulation, primary frequency modulation and black start are determined respectively, the theoretical demand is determined according to power taking big, power taking and, the configuration power and configuration power are obtained by efficiency, allowable discharge depth and margin correction, and the SOC lower limit and partition management strategy are determined according to the black start power demand.This method improves the matching of capacity configuration and multi-working condition operation demand, realizes frequency modulation and black start function reuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power generation and energy storage technology, specifically relating to a method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in the installed capacity of new energy power generation, the proportion of power electronic power sources such as wind power and photovoltaics in the power system is constantly increasing, leading to a relative decrease in system inertia and frequency support capabilities, and more complex grid frequency fluctuation characteristics. To maintain grid frequency stability, conventional synchronous units such as thermal power units and gas turbine units need to undertake more AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation tasks. However, due to the limitations of the dynamic response capabilities of boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, and their control systems, these units are prone to problems such as response lag, insufficient regulation accuracy, and increased equipment wear under conditions of rapid power regulation, frequent load changes, and deep peak shaving. Therefore, utilizing energy storage systems to assist generator units in frequency regulation has become an important technical direction for improving unit frequency regulation performance and grid frequency stability.

[0003] On the other hand, extreme weather, transmission line failures, and large-scale power grid disturbances place higher demands on the power system's safe recovery capabilities. Black start, as a crucial recovery method after a large-scale power grid outage, requires a black starter power source to establish plant service voltage under external power grid failure conditions and provide starting and operating power for auxiliary equipment such as gas turbine or thermal power unit starting devices, excitation systems, lubricating oil pumps, cooling water systems, and control systems. Traditional black starters typically use diesel generators, hydroelectric units, or dedicated backup power sources, which suffer from low equipment utilization, limited daily operating benefits, high pollution emissions, high maintenance costs, and insufficient compatibility with large-capacity gas turbine starting devices.

[0004] Grid-based energy storage systems can provide voltage, frequency, and active power support in both grid-connected and off-grid states. They can assist generating units in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation during daily operation, and serve as a grid-connected power source for the plant's auxiliary power system during black start conditions, supplying power to SFC or LCI start-up devices and related auxiliary equipment. They possess engineering application potential for multiplexing frequency regulation and black start functions. However, existing energy storage capacity configuration methods are mostly designed for single frequency regulation or single backup power scenarios. They typically determine energy storage power and capacity based solely on AGC command amplitude, continuous discharge time, or maximum start-up load, failing to distinguish between the instantaneous power demand and cumulative energy demand of the energy storage system, and not fully considering the capacity coupling relationship between AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start conditions. Specifically, existing methods in AGC frequency regulation capacity configuration tend to directly use the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments as a power superposition factor, leading to an over-configuration of energy storage power. However, in reality, consecutive unidirectional adjustments mainly cause a cumulative shift in the energy storage state of charge along the same direction, primarily affecting energy demand rather than instantaneous power demand. In primary frequency regulation capacity configuration, existing methods often fail to consider grid frequency deviation, unit droop rate, and energy storage sharing ratio when determining auxiliary power for energy storage, resulting in insufficient matching between primary frequency regulation support capacity and actual unit frequency regulation characteristics. In black start capacity configuration, existing methods typically configure based on maximum starting power or maximum auxiliary load, without comprehensively verifying SFC or LCI starting power, continuous auxiliary power supply requirements, plant power system efficiency, and PCS short-term overload capacity. This easily leads to over-configuration of energy storage or insufficient black start capacity. Furthermore, energy storage systems continuously charge and discharge during daily frequency regulation operation, and their State of Charge (SOC) directly affects the available power during black start. Existing methods often consider capacity configuration and operational SOC management separately, lacking a constraint mechanism to determine the lower limit of daily frequency regulation SOC based on black start power requirements. This results in energy storage systems, while possessing frequency regulation capabilities, potentially failing to complete plant power system voltage building and unit startup due to insufficient power reserves during black start triggering.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose an energy storage capacity configuration method for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start. The power and energy requirements under AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation and black start conditions are calculated in different scenarios. A closed-loop configuration is formed by taking the maximum power, summing the energy, adjusting the capacity and SOC partition management to improve the accuracy, utilization and black start reliability of energy storage system capacity configuration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a method for configuring energy storage capacity to assist in frequency regulation and black start of generator units.

[0007] This invention provides a method for configuring energy storage capacity to assist in frequency regulation and black start of generating units, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the rated power of the unit to be assisted, historical AGC frequency regulation command data, grid frequency deviation data, unit droop rate, primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters, SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency, energy storage system efficiency, allowable discharge depth, power safety margin, energy safety margin, and PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, and construct a capacity configuration parameter set; S2: Based on the historical AGC frequency modulation command data in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command, and determine the first energy storage power demand according to the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment and the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and construct the first capacity demand group; S3: Based on the grid frequency deviation data, unit rated power, and unit droop rate in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the total primary frequency regulation power demand, and determine the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient according to the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters; based on the total primary frequency regulation power demand and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient, determine the second energy storage power demand and the second energy storage electricity demand, and together with the first capacity demand group, form a frequency regulation capacity demand set; S4: Based on the SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency and PCS short-term overload capacity parameters in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the third energy storage power demand and the third energy storage electricity demand, and together with the frequency regulation capacity demand set, constitute a multi-condition capacity demand set. S5: Based on the energy storage power demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the maximum value among them is determined as the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. S6: Based on the energy demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the sum of the energy demand of each energy storage unit is determined as the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system, and a theoretical capacity demand group is constructed from the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system and the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system. S7: Based on the theoretical capacity requirement group, the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the power safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration power, and the theoretical energy requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the energy storage system efficiency, the allowable depth of discharge and the energy safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration energy, and a corrected capacity configuration group is constructed. S8: Based on the energy storage system configuration power in the modified capacity configuration group and the third energy storage power demand, determine the SOC lower limit, and establish an energy storage system SOC partition management strategy according to the SOC lower limit; S9: Based on the modified capacity configuration group and the energy storage system SOC partition management strategy, output the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme and operation control boundary.

[0008] Further, in step S2, determining the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command includes: The changes in active power commands in the historical AGC frequency modulation command data are statistically analyzed to obtain the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence. The first energy storage power requirement is determined based on the preset quantiles and power response margin coefficient of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence; and The first energy storage power demand is determined based on the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and the power margin coefficient.

[0009] Specifically, in step S3, determining the second energy storage power requirement and the second energy storage quantity requirement includes: Based on the power grid frequency deviation data, determine the frequency deviation sequence that exceeds the primary frequency regulation dead zone; The second energy storage power requirement is determined based on the maximum frequency deviation in the frequency deviation sequence, the rated power of the generating unit, the preset rated frequency, the droop rate of the generating unit, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient; and The second energy storage power demand is determined based on the frequency deviation sequence, the duration of the first frequency regulation, the rated power of the unit, the preset rated frequency, the unit droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient.

[0010] Specifically, in step S4, determining the third energy storage power requirement and the third energy storage electricity requirement includes: The starting device operating power, starting device operating time, and starting impact power are determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The continuous power supply and power requirements of the auxiliary machine are determined based on the auxiliary machine power parameters and the auxiliary machine operating time. Based on the operating power of the starting device and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment, the black start continuous power requirement is determined, and based on the black start continuous power requirement and the short-term overload capacity parameter of the PCS, the third energy storage power requirement is determined; and The power requirement of the starting device is determined based on the operating power and operating time of the starting device, and the power requirement of the third energy storage device is determined based on the power requirement of the starting device, the power requirement of the auxiliary machine, and the efficiency of the plant power system.

[0011] Preferably, the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters include the PCS rated power, the permissible short-time overload multiple, and the permissible overload duration; The black start impact power requirement is determined based on the starting impact power, and the impact duration is determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The short-time overload output power of the PCS is determined based on the rated power of the PCS to be verified and the allowable short-time overload multiple; and The short-time overload output power of the PCS is compared with the black-start impact power requirement, and the impact duration is compared with the allowable overload duration.

[0012] Specifically, the theoretical power requirement and the theoretical electricity requirement of the energy storage system are determined according to the following formulas:

[0013]

[0014] in, This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power requirement, For the second energy storage power requirement, For the third energy storage power requirement, This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power demand, For the second energy storage power demand, This is the energy demand for the third energy storage system.

[0015] Further, in step S7, the configured power and configured energy capacity of the energy storage system are determined according to the following formula:

[0016] in, Configure power for the energy storage system. This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the power safety margin, Configure the energy storage system with electricity. This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. To ensure a safety margin for battery power, The efficiency of the energy storage system is... The allowable discharge depth is [value].

[0017] Further, in step S8, the SOC zoning management strategy for the energy storage system is established, including: The black start minimum SOC is determined based on the ratio of the third energy storage power demand to the energy storage system configuration power. The lower limit of the SOC is determined based on the guaranteed SOC for black start; and The black start reserved area and the frequency modulation operation area are divided based on the lower limit of the SOC.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S9, the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme is output, including: The number of the first modules is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the rated power of a single energy storage module; The number of second modules is determined based on the energy storage system's configured power capacity and the rated power capacity of a single energy storage module; The number of energy storage modules is determined based on the larger of the number of the first modules and the number of the second modules; and The power level of the PCS is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the short-time overload capacity parameters of the PCS.

[0019] Specifically, in step S9, outputting the operation control boundary includes: Based on the first energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for AGC frequency regulation is determined; Based on the second energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for primary frequency regulation is determined; Based on the third energy storage capacity requirement and the lower limit of SOC, determine the minimum SOC requirement for black start; and Based on the third energy storage power requirement and the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, determine the PCS short-time overload boundary.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention calculates the energy storage power and energy demand under AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start conditions, respectively. It determines the theoretical capacity by taking the largest power value and summing the energy demand, and then adjusts it based on power safety margin, energy storage system efficiency, allowable depth of discharge, and energy safety margin. This ensures that the energy storage system's configured power covers the maximum instantaneous power demand and its configured energy covers the cumulative energy demand for frequency regulation and black start. Simultaneously, this invention determines the State of Charge (SOC) lower limit based on the black start energy demand and establishes an SOC zoning management strategy. This allows the energy storage system to retain the energy required for black start while participating in AGC and primary frequency regulation, thereby achieving capacity reuse for frequency regulation and black start functions and improving the engineering adaptability and operational reliability of capacity configuration. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of an auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start energy storage capacity configuration method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a logic flowchart of an auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start energy storage capacity configuration method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the rated power of the unit to be assisted, historical AGC frequency regulation command data, grid frequency deviation data, unit droop rate, primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters, SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency, energy storage system efficiency, allowable discharge depth, power safety margin, energy safety margin, and PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, and construct a capacity configuration parameter set; S2: Based on the historical AGC frequency modulation command data in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command, and determine the first energy storage power demand according to the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment and the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and construct the first capacity demand group; S3: Based on the grid frequency deviation data, unit rated power, and unit droop rate in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the total primary frequency regulation power demand, and determine the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient according to the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters; based on the total primary frequency regulation power demand and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient, determine the second energy storage power demand and the second energy storage electricity demand, which together with the first capacity demand group constitute the frequency regulation capacity demand set; the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters are determined according to the power sharing ratio of the energy storage system participating in the primary frequency regulation, the primary frequency regulation capacity limit of the unit to be assisted, and the plant control strategy. The energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient is used to represent the proportion borne by the energy storage system in the total primary frequency regulation power demand. The equivalent frequency deviation is determined based on the frequency deviation sequence exceeding the primary frequency regulation dead zone, which is the average absolute value or equivalent integral value of the frequency deviation sequence during the duration of the primary frequency regulation; S4: Based on the SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency, and PCS short-time overload capacity parameters in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the third energy storage power demand and the third energy storage quantity demand, and together with the frequency regulation capacity demand set, constitute a multi-condition capacity demand set; the SFC or LCI start-up parameters include the rated capacity of the start-up device, power factor, start-up device running time, start-up impact power, and impact duration. The auxiliary machine power parameters include the rated power, start-up sequence, and simultaneous operation relationship of the lubricating oil pump, jacking oil pump, sealing oil system, cooling water system, control system, excitation-related equipment, and other plant power loads put into operation during black start. The plant power system efficiency is determined based on the comprehensive efficiency of the power supply links such as the step-up transformer, plant power bus, cable lines, and switchgear; S5: Based on the energy storage power demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the maximum value among them is determined as the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. S6: Based on the energy demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the sum of the energy demand of each energy storage unit is determined as the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system, and a theoretical capacity demand group is constructed from the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system and the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system. S7: Based on the theoretical capacity requirement group, the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the power safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration power, and the theoretical energy requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the energy storage system efficiency, the allowable depth of discharge and the energy safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration energy, and a corrected capacity configuration group is constructed. S8: Based on the energy storage system's configured power capacity in the modified capacity configuration group and the third energy storage power demand, determine the SOC lower limit, and establish an energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy according to the SOC lower limit; when determining the SOC lower limit, the third energy storage power demand and the energy storage system's configured power capacity use the same power caliber; both the third energy storage power demand and the energy storage system's configured power capacity are expressed according to the energy storage system's configured power caliber, and then the SOC lower limit is determined. The black start reserved area is the power reserved area corresponding to the SOC lower limit, and this power reserved area does not participate in daily discharge-type frequency regulation operations; S9: Based on the modified capacity configuration group and the energy storage system SOC partition management strategy, output the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme and operation control boundary.

[0024] In one embodiment, the capacity configuration parameter set includes a subset of frequency regulation operation parameters, a subset of black start operation parameters, and a subset of capacity correction parameters; wherein, the subset of frequency regulation operation parameters includes at least historical AGC frequency regulation command data, grid frequency deviation data, unit rated power, unit droop rate, and primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters; the subset of black start operation parameters includes at least SFC or LCI start parameters, auxiliary equipment power parameters, auxiliary equipment operating time, plant power system efficiency, and PCS short-time overload capacity parameters; and the subset of capacity correction parameters includes at least energy storage system efficiency, allowable depth of discharge, power safety margin, and energy safety margin.

[0025] Preferably, the AGC frequency modulation condition, primary frequency modulation condition, and black start condition correspond to different energy storage power requirements and energy storage quantity requirements, respectively; wherein, the energy storage power requirement is used to characterize the instantaneous output capability of the energy storage system under the corresponding condition, and the energy storage quantity requirement is used to characterize the continuous power supply capability or SOC adjustment space of the energy storage system under the corresponding condition.

[0026] Furthermore, the energy storage system is a grid-type energy storage system. When the grid-connected energy storage system is running, it adjusts the power according to the AGC frequency regulation requirements and the primary frequency regulation requirements. When running in black start mode, it establishes the plant power system voltage in a grid-based control mode and supplies power to the SFC or LCI starter and auxiliary loads.

[0027] Based on the above basic implementation method, in step S2, determining the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command includes: The changes in active power commands in the historical AGC frequency modulation command data are statistically analyzed to obtain the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence. The first energy storage power requirement is determined based on the preset quantiles and power response margin coefficient of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence; and The first energy storage power demand is determined based on the average frequency regulation power, the duration of a single adjustment, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and the power margin coefficient. The AGC frequency regulation command amplitude sequence is formed based on the absolute value of the change in active power commands of adjacent AGC commands, or based on the absolute value of the AGC compensation power that the energy storage system needs to track. The average frequency regulation power is determined based on the average value, root mean square value, or engineering setting value of the AGC frequency regulation command amplitude sequence within the statistical period. The number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments is determined based on the number of times the AGC command maintains the upward or downward output direction within the continuous adjustment period; the count is reset when the AGC command direction changes.

[0028] In this embodiment, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments is used to characterize the number of times the AGC frequency modulation command changes along the output direction or the output direction within multiple consecutive adjustment cycles. The number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments mainly affects the power demand of the energy storage system. This is because continuous unidirectional adjustments will cause the energy storage system to continuously discharge or charge, thereby causing the SOC of the energy storage system to cumulatively shift in the same direction. The power required by the energy storage system at a single adjustment moment is determined by the amplitude of the AGC frequency modulation command at that moment. Therefore, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments is not used as a direct superposition coefficient for the first energy storage power demand.

[0029] Specifically, the first energy storage power requirement The following relationship is determined based on the preset quantiles and power response margin coefficient of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence:

[0030] In the formula, This is the first energy storage power requirement; The power value corresponding to the preset quantile of the amplitude sequence of the AGC frequency modulation command; Preset quantiles; This is the power response margin coefficient.

[0031] First energy storage power demand The frequency modulation power is determined based on the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and the AGC frequency modulation power margin coefficient, satisfying the following relationship:

[0032] In the formula, This is the first energy storage power demand; Average frequency modulation power; The duration of a single adjustment; This refers to the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments; This is the AGC frequency modulation power margin coefficient.

[0033] In one specific implementation, step S3, determining the second energy storage power requirement and the second energy storage quantity requirement, includes: Based on the power grid frequency deviation data, determine the frequency deviation sequence that exceeds the primary frequency regulation dead zone; The second energy storage power requirement is determined based on the maximum frequency deviation in the frequency deviation sequence, the rated power of the generating unit, the preset rated frequency, the droop rate of the generating unit, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient; and The second energy storage power demand is determined based on the frequency deviation sequence, the duration of the first frequency regulation, the rated power of the unit, the preset rated frequency, the unit droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient.

[0034] Furthermore, the total power demand for primary frequency regulation is determined based on the frequency deviation sequence exceeding the primary frequency regulation dead zone. For the maximum frequency deviation in the frequency deviation sequence, the total power support demand of the auxiliary unit under primary frequency regulation conditions is determined based on the unit's rated power, preset rated frequency, and unit droop rate. The energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient is determined based on the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters and is used to represent the proportion borne by the energy storage system in the total power demand for primary frequency regulation.

[0035] Furthermore, the second energy storage power demand The frequency deviation exceeding the primary frequency regulation dead zone, the unit's rated power, the unit's droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient are determined, satisfying the following relationship:

[0036] In the formula, This is for the second energy storage power requirement; This is the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing factor; This refers to the rated power of the unit. This is the maximum frequency deviation exceeding the first-order frequency modulation dead zone; The preset rated frequency; The unit droop rate is expressed in per-unit value.

[0037] Second energy storage power demand The frequency deviation exceeding the primary frequency regulation dead zone, the duration of primary frequency regulation, the rated power of the unit, the unit droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient are determined, satisfying the following relationship:

[0038] In the formula, This is for the second energy storage power demand; This is the equivalent frequency deviation exceeding the first-order frequency modulation dead zone; This represents the duration of a single frequency modulation; the meanings of the other parameters are the same as described above.

[0039] In one specific implementation, in step S4, determining the third energy storage power demand and the third energy storage electricity demand includes: The starting device operating power, starting device operating time, and starting impact power are determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The continuous power supply and power requirements of the auxiliary machine are determined based on the auxiliary machine power parameters and the auxiliary machine operating time. Based on the operating power of the starting device and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment, the black start continuous power requirement is determined, and based on the black start continuous power requirement and the short-term overload capacity parameter of the PCS, the third energy storage power requirement is determined; and The power requirement of the starting device is determined based on the operating power and operating time of the starting device, and the power requirement of the third energy storage device is determined based on the power requirement of the starting device, the power requirement of the auxiliary machine, and the efficiency of the plant power system.

[0040] In this embodiment, the SFC or LCI starting parameters include the rated capacity of the starting device, the power factor of the starting device, the operating time of the starting device, and the starting impact power parameters. The auxiliary power parameters include the rated power, starting sequence, and simultaneous operation relationship of the lubricating oil pump, jacking oil pump, sealing oil system, cooling water system, control system, excitation-related equipment, and other plant power loads that are put into operation during the black start process. The continuous power requirement for black start is determined based on the operating power of the starting device and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment, and is used to characterize the power output capacity that the energy storage system needs to support for a long time during the black start process.

[0041] Furthermore, the operating power of the starting device is determined based on the rated capacity and power factor of the SFC or LCI starting device; the power requirement of the starting device is determined based on the operating power and operating time of the starting device; the power requirement of the auxiliary equipment is determined based on the cumulative operating power and operating time of each auxiliary equipment. The power requirement of the third energy storage is determined based on the power requirement of the starting device, the power requirement of the auxiliary equipment, and the efficiency of the plant power system, to cover the power required for the plant power system voltage building-up, the operation of the starting device, and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment during the black start process.

[0042] In another specific embodiment, the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters include the PCS rated power, the permissible short-time overload multiple, and the permissible overload duration; The black start impact power requirement is determined based on the starting impact power, and the impact duration is determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The short-time overload output power of the PCS is determined based on the PCS rated power and the permissible short-time overload multiple; and The short-time overload output power of the PCS is compared with the black start impact power requirement, and the impact duration is compared with the allowable overload duration. When the short-term overload output power of the PCS is not less than the black start impact power requirement, and the impact duration is not greater than the allowable overload duration, the third energy storage power requirement is determined according to the black start continuous power requirement. When the short-time overload output power of the PCS is less than the black-start impact power requirement, the third energy storage power requirement is determined based on the larger of the ratio of the black-start impact power requirement to the allowable short-time overload multiple and the black-start continuous power requirement. When the impact duration is greater than the allowable overload duration, the third energy storage power requirement is determined based on the larger of the black start impact power requirement and the black start continuous power requirement.

[0043] In this embodiment, the short-term overload capacity of the PCS is used to verify the impact power generated during the startup of the SFC or LCI and the auxiliary machine, and is not considered as the long-term continuous power supply capacity during the black start process. For the continuous power supply phase during black start, the continuous power configuration of the energy storage system is still determined according to the continuous power requirement during black start.

[0044] Specifically, the black start impact power requirement is determined based on the SFC or LCI start impact power, the auxiliary machine start impact power, and the simultaneous occurrence relationship of various impact loads during the black start process; the impact duration is determined based on the SFC or LCI start parameters, the auxiliary machine start parameters, or the on-site start curve. If a measured start curve exists, the peak impact power and corresponding duration in the measured start curve are used as the verification basis; if no measured start curve exists, the black start impact power requirement is determined based on the equipment rated parameters and the start impact coefficient.

[0045] Furthermore, when the short-term overload capacity of the PCS meets the black-start impact power requirement, the third energy storage power requirement is determined according to the black-start continuous power requirement; when the short-term overload capacity of the PCS does not meet the black-start impact power requirement, the PCS power level is adjusted according to the black-start impact power requirement, and the third energy storage power requirement is redefined. Thus, the third energy storage power requirement simultaneously satisfies both the black-start continuous power constraint and the start-up impact power constraint.

[0046] In another specific embodiment, the method determines the theoretical power requirement and the theoretical energy requirement of the energy storage system according to the following formula:

[0047] in, This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power requirement, For the second energy storage power requirement, For the third energy storage power requirement, This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power demand, For the second energy storage power demand, This is the energy demand for the third energy storage system.

[0048] Furthermore, the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system reflects the highest instantaneous output capacity requirement of the energy storage system under three operating conditions: AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start. Since the maximum instantaneous power demand of the three operating conditions usually does not occur simultaneously, this embodiment determines the maximum value among the first, second, and third energy storage power demands as the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system.

[0049] Specifically, the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system reflects the total SOC space required by the energy storage system between daily frequency regulation operation and black start standby. AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation require a certain amount of charge and discharge regulation space, and black start operation requires reserving start-up power during daily operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sum of the first energy storage energy demand, the second energy storage energy demand, and the third energy storage energy demand is determined as the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system.

[0050] In another specific embodiment, in step S7, the configured power and configured energy capacity of the energy storage system are determined according to the following formula:

[0051] in, Configure power for the energy storage system. This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the power safety margin, Configure the energy storage system with electricity. This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. To ensure a safety margin for battery power, The efficiency of the energy storage system is... The allowable discharge depth is [value].

[0052] Furthermore, the energy storage system efficiency is used to characterize the comprehensive energy conversion efficiency of the battery system, PCS, transformer, and plant power connection links; the allowable depth of discharge is used to characterize the depth of discharge limit of the energy storage system under the requirements of battery life and safe operation; the power safety margin and the energy safety margin are used to correct the impact of power response delay, equipment capacity discretization, changes in environmental conditions, and operating deviations on the capacity configuration results.

[0053] Specifically, the configured power of the energy storage system is the rated power requirement that the energy storage system should meet in the engineering configuration, and the configured capacity of the energy storage system is the nominal capacity requirement that the energy storage system should meet in the engineering configuration. By adjusting the energy storage system efficiency, allowable depth of discharge, and capacity safety margin, the theoretical capacity requirement of the energy storage system is corrected so that the actual releaseable capacity of the energy storage system can cover the sum of the capacity requirements of each energy storage system in the multi-condition capacity requirement set.

[0054] In another specific embodiment, in step S8, establishing the SOC zoning management strategy for the energy storage system includes: The black start minimum SOC is determined based on the ratio of the third energy storage power demand to the energy storage system configuration power. The lower limit of the SOC is determined based on the guaranteed SOC for black start; and The black start reserved area and the frequency modulation operation area are divided based on the SOC lower limit; When the SOC of the energy storage system is in the frequency regulation operating range, the energy storage system adjusts its power according to the frequency regulation requirements of AGC and primary frequency regulation. When the SOC of the energy storage system reaches or falls below the lower limit of SOC, the discharge-type frequency regulation action that would cause the SOC of the energy storage system to continue to decrease is restricted.

[0055] Furthermore, the black-start minimum SOC characterizes the minimum energy reserve required to complete the black-start operation, and is determined based on the ratio of the energy demand of the third energy storage system to the energy configuration of the energy storage system. The lower limit of the SOC is not lower than the black-start minimum SOC, ensuring that the energy storage system always maintains an energy reserve not less than that required for black-start operation when participating in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation.

[0056] Furthermore, the black-start reserve zone is the energy reserve zone corresponding to the lower limit of SOC, which does not participate in daily frequency regulation discharge. The frequency regulation operation zone is the energy range above the lower limit of SOC used for AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation. When the energy storage system's SOC is in the frequency regulation operation zone, the energy storage system performs charging and discharging regulation according to the AGC frequency regulation requirements and the primary frequency regulation requirements. When the energy storage system's SOC reaches or falls below the lower limit of SOC, the discharge-type frequency regulation action that would further reduce the SOC is restricted, and the energy storage system's SOC is returned to the frequency regulation operation zone according to the charging recovery strategy.

[0057] In one specific implementation, step S9, outputting the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme, includes: The number of the first modules is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the rated power of a single energy storage module; The number of second modules is determined based on the energy storage system's configured power capacity and the rated power capacity of a single energy storage module; The number of energy storage modules is determined based on the larger of the number of the first modules and the number of the second modules; and The power level of the PCS is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the short-time overload capacity parameters of the PCS.

[0058] Specifically, the number of the first module is determined by rounding up the ratio of the energy storage system's configured power to the rated power of a single energy storage module, and the number of the second module is determined by rounding up the ratio of the energy storage system's configured power to the rated power of a single energy storage module. The number of energy storage modules is the larger of the number of the first module and the number of the second module, so that the energy storage module configuration simultaneously meets the power constraint and the power constraint.

[0059] Furthermore, the PCS power level is determined based on the energy storage system configuration power and the PCS short-time overload capacity parameter; when the PCS short-time overload capacity meets the black-start impact power verification requirements, the PCS power level is determined according to the energy storage system configuration power; when the PCS short-time overload capacity does not meet the black-start impact power verification requirements, the PCS power level is increased, and the PCS short-time overload capacity verification is re-executed.

[0060] In one specific implementation, step S9, outputting the operation control boundary, includes: Based on the first energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for AGC frequency regulation is determined; Based on the second energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for primary frequency regulation is determined; Based on the third energy storage capacity requirement and the lower limit of SOC, determine the minimum SOC requirement for black start; and Based on the third energy storage power requirement and the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, determine the PCS short-time overload boundary.

[0061] In this embodiment, the operation control boundary is used to convert the capacity configuration result into power limits and SOC limits during the operation of the energy storage system. The operation control boundary includes the allowable power range for AGC frequency regulation, the allowable power range for primary frequency regulation, the minimum SOC requirement for black start, and the PCS short-time overload boundary, which are used to constrain the output power, energy reserve, and short-time overload operation status of the energy storage system under AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start conditions, respectively.

[0062] Specifically, the allowable power range for AGC frequency regulation is determined based on the first energy storage power demand and the energy storage system's SOC zoning management strategy; the allowable power range for primary frequency regulation is determined based on the second energy storage power demand and the energy storage system's SOC zoning management strategy; the minimum SOC requirement for black start is determined based on the third energy storage power demand and the lower limit of SOC; and the PCS short-time overload boundary is determined based on the third energy storage power demand and the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters. Through the above operational control boundaries, the energy storage system participates in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation during daily operation, while retaining the power and electricity support capacity required to complete the plant power voltage build-up and unit startup when the black start condition is triggered.

[0063] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, a 300MW gas turbine generator set is used as the auxiliary unit. A grid-connected energy storage system is configured to assist the unit in participating in AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start. The grid-connected energy storage system is connected to the unit's 6kV plant power bus via a step-up transformer. In grid-connected operation, it participates in AGC and primary frequency regulation. In black start mode, it switches to grid-connected operation mode to establish voltage for the plant power system and supply power to the SFC or LCI starter and related auxiliary equipment. The capacity configuration parameters of the auxiliary unit are as follows: The rated power of the unit is 300MW; the preset rated frequency is 50Hz; the unit droop rate is 0.05; in the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters, the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient is 0.5; the energy storage system efficiency is 0.88; the allowable depth of discharge is 0.90; the power safety margin is 1.10; and the energy safety margin is 1.10.

[0064] Historical AGC frequency modulation command data for the unit within one statistical period was obtained. Statistical analysis showed that the 95th percentile of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence corresponds to a power value of 12MW, the average frequency modulation power is 6MW, the duration of a single adjustment is 0.25h, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments is 4, the AGC frequency modulation power response margin coefficient is 1.10, and the AGC frequency modulation energy margin coefficient is 1.10.

[0065] The power grid frequency deviation data was obtained. After removing the data within the primary frequency regulation dead zone, the maximum frequency deviation was found to be 0.08Hz, the equivalent frequency deviation was 0.04Hz, and the duration of the primary frequency regulation was 0.25h.

[0066] Obtain relevant parameters for black start: The rated capacity of the SFC or LCI starter is 30MVA, the power factor is 0.85, the starter operation time is 0.25h, the start-up impact power is 45MW, and the impact duration is 8s; the auxiliary equipment put into operation during black start includes the lubricating oil pump, jacking oil pump, sealing oil system, cooling water system, and control excitation related loads, with a total continuous power supply of 4.5MW and a total auxiliary equipment power demand of 2.65MWh; the plant power system efficiency is 0.96; the PCS allows a short-term overload multiple of 2.0 and an allowable overload duration of 10s.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first energy storage power demand is determined based on the preset quantiles of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence and the power response margin coefficient. :

[0068] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0069] The first energy storage energy demand is determined based on the average frequency regulation power, the duration of a single regulation, the number of consecutive unidirectional regulation cycles, and the AGC frequency regulation power margin coefficient. :

[0070] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0071] Therefore, the first capacity demand group under AGC frequency modulation conditions is: First energy storage power demand. The first energy storage capacity demand is 13.2MW. It is 6.6 MWh.

[0072] The second energy storage power requirement is determined based on the maximum frequency deviation, the rated power of the generating unit, the preset rated frequency, the droop rate of the generating unit, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient. :

[0073] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0074] The second energy storage demand is determined based on the equivalent frequency deviation, the duration of the primary frequency regulation, the rated power of the generating unit, the preset rated frequency, the unit droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient. :

[0075] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0076] This yields the second energy storage power requirement under primary frequency regulation conditions. The second energy storage capacity is 4.8MW. It is 0.6 MWh, and together with the first capacity demand group, it constitutes the frequency regulation capacity demand set.

[0077] Determine the operating power of the starting device based on the rated capacity and power factor of the SFC or LCI starting device. :

[0078] Determine the continuous power requirement for black start based on the operating power of the starting device and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment. :

[0079] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0080] The black-start impact power is verified based on the PCS rated power and the allowable short-time overload multiple. If the black-start continuous power requirement of 30MW is used as the initial PCS rated power verification value, then the PCS short-time overload output power is:

[0081] Since the PCS short-time overload output power of 60MW is greater than the starting impact power of 45MW, and the impact duration of 8s is less than the allowable overload duration of 10s, the PCS short-time overload capacity meets the black start impact power verification requirements, and the third energy storage power requirement... Determined based on black start continuous power requirements:

[0082] Determine the power requirements of the starting device based on its operating power and operating time:

[0083] The power requirements of the third energy storage system are determined based on the power requirements of the starting device, the auxiliary equipment, and the efficiency of the plant power system. :

[0084] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0085] This leads to the third energy storage power requirement under black start conditions. The third energy storage capacity is 30MW. It is 9.40 MWh, and together with the frequency regulation capacity demand set, it constitutes the multi-condition capacity demand set.

[0086] Based on the energy storage power demand of each energy storage system in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system is determined. :

[0087] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0088] Based on the energy demand of various energy storage systems under multiple operating conditions, the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system is determined. :

[0089] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0090] Therefore, the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system is 30MW, and the theoretical electricity requirement of the energy storage system is 16.60MWh, which together constitute the theoretical capacity requirement group.

[0091] The theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system is adjusted based on the power safety margin to determine the configuration power of the energy storage system. :

[0092] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0093] The theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system is adjusted based on the system efficiency, allowable depth of discharge, and energy safety margin to determine the configured energy capacity of the energy storage system. :

[0094] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0095] This yields the corrected capacity configuration group: energy storage system configuration power. The energy storage system is configured with a capacity of 33MW. It is 23.08 MWh.

[0096] Based on the third energy storage power demand Energy storage system configuration power Determine the minimum SOC for black boot:

[0097] Substitute the parameters into this embodiment:

[0098] In this embodiment, the lower limit of SOC is set to no less than 40.7%, and combined with the SOC measurement deviation and operational control margin, the lower limit of SOC is rounded down to 45%. When the SOC of the energy storage system is higher than 45%, the energy storage system adjusts its power according to the AGC frequency regulation requirements and the primary frequency regulation requirements; when the SOC of the energy storage system reaches or falls below 45%, the discharge-type frequency regulation action that would cause the SOC of the energy storage system to continue to decrease is restricted, and a charging recovery strategy is executed to restore the SOC of the energy storage system to the frequency regulation operating range.

[0099] Therefore, the SOC range of the energy storage system is divided into a black start reserve zone and a frequency regulation operation zone. The black start reserve zone is used to ensure that the energy storage system retains the power required to complete the voltage building of the plant power supply and the start-up of the unit. The frequency regulation operation zone is used for the energy storage system to participate in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation.

[0100] In this embodiment, the rated power of a single energy storage module is 2.5MW and the rated energy is 2.0MWh.

[0101] The number of the first module is determined based on the energy storage system's configured power and the rated power of a single energy storage module. :

[0102] The number of second modules is determined based on the energy storage system's configured capacity and the rated capacity of a single energy storage module. :

[0103] The number of energy storage modules is determined based on the larger of the number of the first module and the number of the second module. :

[0104] Therefore, in this embodiment, 14 energy storage modules are configured, corresponding to a rated power of 35MW and a rated capacity of 28MWh for the energy storage system. This configuration simultaneously meets the requirements of a 33MW energy storage system and a 23.08MWh energy storage system.

[0105] Meanwhile, according to the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, the total rated power of the PCS corresponding to the 14 energy storage modules is 35MW. If the PCS allows a short-time overload multiple of 2.0, then the PCS short-time overload output power is 70MW, which is greater than the black start impact power of 45MW. Moreover, the impact duration of 8s is less than the allowable overload duration of 10s. Therefore, the PCS power level meets the black start impact power verification requirements.

[0106] Specifically, based on the above calculation results, the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme and operation control boundaries are output. The energy storage system capacity configuration scheme includes: a minimum energy storage system power of 33MW and a minimum energy storage capacity of 23.08MWh; under the configuration condition of a single energy storage module with a rated power of 2.5MW and a rated energy capacity of 2.0MWh, the number of energy storage modules is 14, the total rated power of the PCS is 35MW, and the total rated energy capacity of the energy storage system is 28MWh. The operation control boundaries include: an upper limit for AGC frequency regulation power of not less than 13.2MW; a primary frequency regulation power range determined based on the secondary energy storage power requirement as not less than 4.8MW; a minimum black start SOC requirement of 45%; and a PCS short-time overload boundary where the output power is not less than 45MW within 10 seconds. Through this embodiment, the energy storage system can participate in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation during daily operation, and retain the power required for black start through the SOC lower limit; under black start conditions, the energy storage system can establish the plant power system voltage in a grid-based manner, and provide starting and continuous operating power for SFC or LCI start-up devices and auxiliary loads, thereby realizing capacity reuse of frequency regulation and black start functions. In this invention, AGC refers to Automatic Generation Control, used to issue active power regulation commands to the generating unit according to the grid dispatch or unit coordination control requirements; SFC refers to Static Variable Frequency Starter, used to provide variable frequency starting power to the gas turbine or synchronous motor during the unit startup phase; LCI refers to Load Commutation Inverter Starter, used to provide controllable frequency and voltage starting power during the unit startup process; PCS refers to Energy Storage Converter, used to realize bidirectional conversion between DC power on the energy storage battery side and AC power on the energy storage side, and to provide voltage and frequency support during grid operation; SOC refers to the State of Charge of the energy storage system, used to characterize the proportion of the current remaining power of the energy storage system to the configured power; Depth of Discharge (DOD) is used to characterize the depth of discharge that the energy storage system is allowed to participate in capacity configuration calculations while meeting battery life and safe operation requirements; the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence is formed based on the absolute value of the change in active power commands of adjacent AGCs, or based on the absolute value of the AGC compensation power that the energy storage system needs to track.

[0107] In summary, this embodiment has at least the following technical effects: This invention determines the energy storage power and energy storage capacity requirements for AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start conditions respectively, and integrates the capacity requirements under the three conditions into a multi-condition capacity requirement set, so that the energy storage capacity configuration is no longer limited to a single frequency regulation scenario or a single black start scenario, and can simultaneously take into account the daily frequency regulation operation and black start backup needs. This invention breaks down the capacity configuration of an energy storage system into two dimensions: power demand configuration and energy demand configuration. The theoretical power demand of the energy storage system is the maximum value among the first, second, and third energy storage power demands, while the theoretical energy demand is the sum of the first, second, and third energy storage energy demands. This allows the energy storage system's power configuration to cover the maximum instantaneous power demand under three operating conditions, and its energy configuration to cover the cumulative energy demand under frequency regulation operation and black start conditions. In the case of AGC frequency modulation, the present invention determines the first energy storage power demand based on the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command, and determines the first energy storage power demand based on the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment, and the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments. This allows the instantaneous power demand and the power accumulation demand caused by continuous adjustment to be characterized separately, avoiding the over-configuration of energy storage power by directly using the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments as a power superposition factor. Under primary frequency regulation conditions, this invention determines the second energy storage power demand and the second energy storage quantity demand based on grid frequency deviation data, unit rated power, unit droop rate, and energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient, so that the primary frequency regulation capacity configuration of the energy storage system can match the frequency response characteristics and energy storage participation ratio of the unit to be assisted. Under black start conditions, this invention determines the power and energy requirements of the third energy storage system based on SFC or LCI start parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency, and PCS short-term overload capacity parameters. This allows the energy storage system capacity configuration to simultaneously consider the starting device operating power, auxiliary machine continuous power supply requirements, start-up impact power, and PCS short-term overload capacity, thereby improving the matching between the black start capacity configuration and the actual start-up process. This invention corrects the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system based on the power safety margin, and corrects the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system based on the energy storage system efficiency, allowable depth of discharge, and energy safety margin, so that the obtained energy storage system configuration power and energy storage system configuration can reflect efficiency loss, depth of discharge limit, and engineering operation margin, and reduce the deviation between theoretical capacity and engineering configuration capacity. This invention determines the lower limit of SOC based on the third energy storage power demand and the energy storage system configuration power, and establishes an energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy based on the lower limit of SOC, so that the energy storage system can retain the power required for black start when participating in AGC frequency regulation and primary frequency regulation in daily life, reducing the risk of daily frequency regulation consuming the black start power reserve and affecting the black start capability. This invention outputs the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme and operation control boundary based on the modified capacity configuration group and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy. This enables the capacity configuration results to be further transformed into energy storage module configuration, PCS power level, AGC frequency regulation allowable power range, primary frequency regulation allowable power range, black start minimum SOC requirement and PCS short-time overload boundary, which is convenient for engineering design and subsequent operation control. This invention achieves capacity reuse of AGC frequency regulation, primary frequency regulation, and black start functions through the same energy storage system. This allows the energy storage system to participate in frequency regulation services during daily operation and serve as a power source for plant power voltage building and unit startup under black start conditions. Compared to the configuration method of only serving as a backup power source, this improves the operational utilization rate and engineering applicability of the energy storage system.

[0108] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the rated power of the unit to be assisted, historical AGC frequency regulation command data, grid frequency deviation data, unit droop rate, primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters, SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency, energy storage system efficiency, allowable discharge depth, power safety margin, energy safety margin, and PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, and construct a capacity configuration parameter set; S2: Based on the historical AGC frequency modulation command data in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command, and determine the first energy storage power demand according to the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment and the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and construct the first capacity demand group; S3: Based on the grid frequency deviation data, unit rated power, and unit droop rate in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the total primary frequency regulation power demand, and determine the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient according to the primary frequency regulation sharing configuration parameters; based on the total primary frequency regulation power demand and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient, determine the second energy storage power demand and the second energy storage electricity demand, and together with the first capacity demand group, form a frequency regulation capacity demand set; S4: Based on the SFC or LCI start-up parameters, auxiliary machine power parameters, auxiliary machine running time, plant power system efficiency and PCS short-term overload capacity parameters in the capacity configuration parameter set, determine the third energy storage power demand and the third energy storage electricity demand, and together with the frequency regulation capacity demand set, constitute a multi-condition capacity demand set. S5: Based on the energy storage power demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the maximum value among them is determined as the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. S6: Based on the energy demand of each energy storage unit in the multi-condition capacity demand set, the sum of the energy demand of each energy storage unit is determined as the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system, and a theoretical capacity demand group is constructed from the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system and the theoretical energy demand of the energy storage system. S7: Based on the theoretical capacity requirement group, the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the power safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration power, and the theoretical energy requirement of the energy storage system is corrected according to the energy storage system efficiency, the allowable depth of discharge and the energy safety margin to obtain the energy storage system configuration energy, and a corrected capacity configuration group is constructed. S8: Based on the energy storage system configuration power in the modified capacity configuration group and the third energy storage power demand, determine the SOC lower limit, and establish an energy storage system SOC partition management strategy according to the SOC lower limit; S9: Based on the modified capacity configuration group and the energy storage system SOC partition management strategy, output the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme and operation control boundary.

2. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, determining the first energy storage power demand according to the amplitude quantile of the AGC frequency modulation command includes: The changes in active power commands in the historical AGC frequency modulation command data are statistically analyzed to obtain the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence. The first energy storage power requirement is determined based on the preset quantiles and power response margin coefficient of the AGC frequency modulation command amplitude sequence; and The first energy storage power demand is determined based on the average frequency modulation power, the duration of a single adjustment, the number of consecutive unidirectional adjustments, and the power margin coefficient.

3. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, determining the second energy storage power requirement and the second energy storage quantity requirement includes: Based on the power grid frequency deviation data, determine the frequency deviation sequence that exceeds the primary frequency regulation dead zone; The second energy storage power requirement is determined based on the maximum frequency deviation in the frequency deviation sequence, the rated power of the generating unit, the preset rated frequency, the droop rate of the generating unit, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient; and The second energy storage power demand is determined based on the frequency deviation sequence, the duration of the first frequency regulation, the rated power of the unit, the preset rated frequency, the unit droop rate, and the energy storage auxiliary frequency regulation sharing coefficient.

4. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, determining the third energy storage power demand and the third energy storage electricity demand includes: The starting device operating power, starting device operating time, and starting impact power are determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The continuous power supply and power requirements of the auxiliary machine are determined based on the auxiliary machine power parameters and the auxiliary machine operating time. Based on the operating power of the starting device and the continuous power supply of the auxiliary equipment, the black start continuous power requirement is determined, and based on the black start continuous power requirement and the short-term overload capacity parameter of the PCS, the third energy storage power requirement is determined; and The power requirement of the starting device is determined based on the operating power and operating time of the starting device, and the power requirement of the third energy storage device is determined based on the power requirement of the starting device, the power requirement of the auxiliary machine, and the efficiency of the plant power system.

5. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 4, characterized in that, The PCS short-time overload capacity parameters include the PCS rated power to be verified, the allowable short-time overload multiple, and the allowable overload duration; The black start impact power requirement is determined based on the starting impact power, and the impact duration is determined based on the SFC or LCI starting parameters. The short-time overload output power of the PCS is determined based on the rated power of the PCS to be verified and the allowable short-time overload multiple. as well as The short-time overload output power of the PCS is compared with the black-start impact power requirement, and the impact duration is compared with the allowable overload duration.

6. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, The theoretical power requirement and theoretical energy requirement of the energy storage system are determined according to the following formulas: in, This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power requirement, For the second energy storage power requirement, For the third energy storage power requirement, This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. For the first energy storage power demand, For the second energy storage power demand, This refers to the energy demand of the third energy storage system.

7. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S7, the configured power and configured energy capacity of the energy storage system are determined according to the following formula: in, Configure power for the energy storage system. This represents the theoretical power requirement of the energy storage system. For the power safety margin, Configure the energy storage system with electricity. This represents the theoretical power demand of the energy storage system. To ensure a safety margin for battery power, The efficiency of the energy storage system is... The allowable discharge depth is [value].

8. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S8, the SOC zoning management strategy for the energy storage system is established, including: The black start minimum SOC is determined based on the ratio of the third energy storage power demand to the energy storage system configuration power. The lower limit of the SOC is determined based on the guaranteed SOC for black start; and The black start reserved area and the frequency modulation operation area are divided based on the lower limit of the SOC.

9. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S9, the energy storage system capacity configuration scheme is output, including: The number of the first modules is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the rated power of a single energy storage module; The number of second modules is determined based on the energy storage system's configured power capacity and the rated power capacity of a single energy storage module; The number of energy storage modules is determined based on the larger of the number of the first modules and the number of the second modules; and The power level of the PCS is determined based on the configured power of the energy storage system and the short-time overload capacity parameters of the PCS.

10. The method for configuring energy storage capacity for auxiliary unit frequency regulation and black start according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, In step S9, the operation control boundary is output, including: Based on the first energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for AGC frequency regulation is determined; Based on the second energy storage power requirement and the energy storage system SOC zoning management strategy, the allowable power range for primary frequency regulation is determined; Based on the third energy storage capacity requirement and the lower limit of SOC, determine the minimum SOC requirement for black start; and Based on the third energy storage power requirement and the PCS short-time overload capacity parameters, determine the PCS short-time overload boundary.

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