Power distribution network active power distribution and voltage regulation method and system based on consensus algorithm

Abstract

The application discloses a power distribution network active power distribution and voltage regulation method and system based on a consistency algorithm, which acquires node voltage of a power distribution network and current active power injection proportion of each distributed power generation unit, judges a voltage state and determines an active power injection proportion reference value according to a preset voltage safety range; each distributed power generation unit performs consistency iteration regulation through neighbor communication according to the reference value, updates the active power injection proportion and adjusts actual active power injection, reacquires the node voltage to perform out-of-limit judgment, and if the voltage is still out of limit, repeats the above closed-loop process until the voltage meets the standard. The application converts voltage out-of-limit into a consensus target that needs to be cooperatively tracked by each distributed power generation unit, takes the active power injection proportion as a consistency variable, realizes that each distributed power generation unit fairly bears the regulation responsibility according to the same capacity proportion, and reduces the dependence on a central controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution network operation control technology, and in particular to a method and system for active power allocation and voltage regulation in power distribution networks based on a consensus algorithm. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing penetration rate of renewable energy, the number of distributed generation units connected to the distribution network is constantly increasing. Due to the randomness and intermittency of distributed generation output, as well as the bidirectional changes in power flow in the distribution network, the voltage distribution at each node is more prone to fluctuations, and some nodes may experience overvoltage or undervoltage. Traditional distribution networks typically use on-load tap-changing transformers and parallel capacitor banks for voltage regulation, but the operating speed and regulation frequency of such equipment are limited, making it difficult to adapt to the rapid changes in distributed generation output in a timely manner.

[0003] Existing distributed generation coordination and control methods mainly include centralized control, decentralized control, and distributed control. Centralized control typically involves a central controller acquiring global operational information of the distribution network and uniformly calculating control commands for each distributed generation unit. This control method can perform global coordination, but it relies heavily on the reliability of the central controller and its communication links, posing a risk of single point of failure. As the number of distributed generation units increases, the operational data and control variables that the central controller needs to process also increase, potentially leading to increased communication burden and computational pressure, which is detrimental to the flexible access of distributed generation units and system expansion.

[0004] Distributed control typically determines control commands independently based on local voltage, current, and other operational information at each node where a distributed generation unit (DRG) is located. This control method has low dependence on communication conditions, but each DRG has difficulty knowing the voltage status of other nodes in the distribution network, lacking coordination between different DRGs. A regulation action implemented by one DRG based on its local voltage may affect the voltage of other nodes in the distribution network, making it difficult to guarantee that all nodes in the distribution network are within the allowable voltage range. Furthermore, when the resistance of the distribution network lines is not negligible, changes in active power can significantly affect node voltages, making it difficult to balance active power distribution and overall network voltage regulation solely through local control.

[0005] Distributed control enables coordinated control of multiple distributed generation units through information exchange between adjacent units. Consensus algorithms, which gradually bring control variables of different distributed generation units into agreement, have been used in scenarios such as economic dispatch, power allocation, and voltage restoration. However, some existing consensus control methods primarily use power sharing, average voltage restoration, or economic operation as control objectives, failing to consider whether the voltage of each node is within a preset safe voltage range as a direct driving condition and closed-loop judgment criterion for consensus regulation. When node voltage exceeds limits, existing methods may also lack an active power regulation target corresponding to the voltage state, making it difficult to coordinate distributed generation units with different rated capacities to undertake regulation tasks according to a unified active power injection ratio. This may lead to uneven distribution of regulation responsibilities or insufficient elimination of voltage exceedances. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the lack of a coordinated active power allocation mechanism among distributed generation units in the prior art with the goal of ensuring the voltage safety of distribution network nodes. This makes it difficult to reduce dependence on the central controller while coordinating and regulating the active power of each distributed generation unit and restoring the voltage of each node of the distribution network to the preset voltage safety range.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm, comprising: Obtain the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; The node voltage is judged to exceed the limit according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; the active power injection ratio reference value is determined according to the voltage status. The current active power injection ratio is adjusted for consistency based on the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio. The active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit is adjusted according to the updated active power injection ratio. The node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The voltage regulation result is determined based on the adjusted voltage state, and the target active power allocation result is obtained based on the voltage regulation result.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is as follows: Obtain the rated capacity and current active power injection of each of the distributed generation units, and determine the first... The current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is given by the formula: , , in, This represents the current active power injection amount. For rated capacity, The current active power injection ratio.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the voltage state by judging the node voltage according to a preset voltage safety range is as follows: obtaining the upper voltage limit and the lower voltage limit of the preset voltage safety range; comparing each node voltage with the upper voltage limit and the lower voltage limit respectively; when each node voltage is not higher than the upper voltage limit and not lower than the lower voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be a normal state; when there is a node voltage higher than the upper voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be an overvoltage state; when there is a node voltage lower than the lower voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be an undervoltage state.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the active power injection ratio reference value based on the voltage state is as follows: When the voltage state is normal, the current active power injection ratio is determined as the target active power allocation result. When the voltage state is an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, a voltage regulation leading unit is determined from each of the distributed generation units, and the remaining distributed generation units are determined as voltage regulation following units. The voltage regulation leading unit determines a regulation factor based on the voltage state, calculates the average value of the current active power injection ratio for each unit, and determines a reference value for the active power injection ratio based on the regulation factor and the average value, using the following formula: , in, For the first The reference value for the active power injection ratio corresponding to the wheel regulation. The regulating factor, The number of distributed generation units. For the first The current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; when the voltage state is an overvoltage state. When the voltage state is an undervoltage state, Furthermore, the reference value for the active power injection ratio is not greater than 1.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the current active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio is as follows: Each distributed generation unit obtains the active power injection ratio of its neighboring distributed generation units, and iteratively updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio of its neighboring distributed generation units and the reference value of the active power injection ratio, using the following formula: ; in, and The first The distributed generation unit in the first Second and third The active power injection ratio in the next iteration. The iteration step size, For the first The neighbor set of a distributed generation unit. For the first The distributed generation unit and the first Communication adjacency coefficient between distributed generation units This is the identifier for the dominant unit; the voltage regulation dominant unit corresponds to... The voltage regulation follower unit corresponds to ; The iterative update is repeated until the consistency adjustment is completed, and the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit when the consistency adjustment is completed is determined as the updated active power injection ratio.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for completing consistency adjustment is as follows: the voltage regulation leading unit updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value, and each voltage regulation following unit updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio of the adjacent distributed generation unit; after multiple iterations, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit converges to the active power injection ratio reference value, and the converged active power injection ratio is determined as the updated active power injection ratio.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the active power injection amount of each of the distributed generation units according to the updated active power injection ratio, re-acquiring the node voltage and performing over-limit judgment to obtain the adjusted voltage state is as follows: The rated capacity of each of the distributed generation units is obtained; based on the rated capacity of each of the distributed generation units and the corresponding updated active power injection ratio, the updated active power injection amount is determined using the following formula: , in, For the first The updated active power injection of each distributed generation unit For the first The rated capacity of each distributed generation unit, For the first The updated active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; Each of the distributed generation units is controlled to inject active power according to the corresponding updated active power injection amount. The three-phase unbalanced power flow of the distribution network is calculated based on the updated active power injection amount to obtain the adjusted voltage of each node. The adjusted node voltages are judged to exceed the preset voltage safety range. When all the adjusted node voltages are within the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be normal. When any adjusted node voltage is higher than the upper limit of the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be overvoltage. When any adjusted node voltage is lower than the lower limit of the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be undervoltage.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the voltage regulation result based on the regulated voltage state and obtaining the target active power allocation result based on the voltage regulation result is as follows: Determine whether the adjusted voltage state is normal; When the adjusted voltage state is in a normal state, the voltage adjustment result is determined to be voltage adjustment completed, and the updated active power injection ratio and the corresponding updated active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit are determined as the target active power allocation result. When the adjusted voltage state is an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, the voltage adjustment result is determined to be an incomplete voltage adjustment. The updated active power injection ratios are then determined as the new current active power injection ratios, and consistency adjustment continues.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage regulation result is that the voltage regulation is not completed, the method for continuing consistency regulation is as follows: Based on the adjusted voltage state and the new current active power injection ratios, the reference value for the active power injection ratio is re-determined; based on the re-determined reference value, the new current active power injection ratios are adjusted for consistency to obtain a new updated active power injection ratio; based on the new updated active power injection ratio, the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit is adjusted, the node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed to obtain a new adjusted voltage state; when the new adjusted voltage state is a normal state, the corresponding updated active power injection ratio and updated active power injection amount are determined as the target active power allocation result; when the new adjusted voltage state is an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, the new updated active power injection ratios are determined as the new current active power injection ratios, and the steps of re-determining the reference value for the active power injection ratio, performing consistency adjustment, adjusting the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit, and reacquiring the node voltage and performing over-limit judgment are repeated until the new adjusted voltage state is a normal state.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a distribution network active power allocation and voltage regulation system based on a consensus algorithm, comprising: The status acquisition module acquires the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. The reference value determination module is used to determine the over-limit judgment of the node voltage according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; and to determine the active power injection ratio reference value according to the voltage status. The consistency adjustment module is used to adjust the current active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio, and adjust the active power injection amount of each of the distributed generation units according to the updated active power injection ratio, re-acquire the node voltage and perform over-limit judgment to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The allocation result determination module is used to determine the voltage regulation result based on the adjusted voltage state, and to obtain the target active power allocation result based on the voltage regulation result.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention determines a reference value for the active power injection ratio corresponding to the voltage state by judging the over-limit of the node voltage at each node of the distribution network. The active power injection ratio is used as a consistency adjustment variable, enabling each distributed generation unit to coordinate and adjust the active power injection amount through neighbor information interaction. This reduces the dependence on the central controller and enables distributed generation units with different rated capacities to undertake the adjustment task according to a unified ratio. At the same time, after the active power adjustment is completed, the node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed. If the voltage over-limit still exists, the reference value is re-determined and the adjustment continues. This forms a closed-loop adjustment process that combines active power distribution and voltage feedback, which is conducive to restoring the voltage of each node of the distribution network to the preset safe voltage range. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the active power allocation and voltage regulation method for distribution networks based on consensus algorithms provided by this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the active power distribution and voltage regulation system for power distribution networks based on consensus algorithm provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm, comprising: Obtain the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; The node voltage is judged to exceed the limit according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; the active power injection ratio reference value is determined according to the voltage status. The current active power injection ratio is adjusted for consistency based on the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio. The active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit is adjusted according to the updated active power injection ratio. The node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The voltage regulation result is determined based on the adjusted voltage state, and the target active power allocation result is obtained based on the voltage regulation result.

[0022] This invention acquires the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. It then performs over-limit judgment on the node voltage according to a preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage state, and determines a reference value for the active power injection ratio based on the voltage state. Based on the reference value, it performs consistency adjustment on the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit to obtain an updated active power injection ratio. It then adjusts the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit according to the updated active power injection ratio, and reacquires the node voltage for over-limit judgment to obtain the adjusted voltage state. Finally, it determines the voltage adjustment result and the target active power allocation result based on the adjusted voltage state. This invention can directly transform the over-limit type of distribution network node voltage into the collaborative adjustment target of distributed generation units, so that the direction of active power increase and decrease matches the actual voltage state, avoiding mutual conflicts when different distributed generation units adjust independently; through consistent adjustment, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is gradually unified, and a coordinated power allocation result can be formed while taking into account the differences in the rated capacity of each distributed generation unit; by re-verifying the adjusted node voltage, the power allocation result is constrained by the voltage safety state, improving the adaptability of the active power allocation result to the actual operating state of the distribution network.

[0023] Specifically, this embodiment, based on the overall process of the above method, further explains the determination process of distribution network operating parameters, active power injection ratio, voltage status judgment, and voltage regulation leading unit and voltage regulation following unit. The distribution network has multiple distribution network nodes and multiple distributed generation units connected to them. Each distributed generation unit is connected to a corresponding node in the distribution network to inject active power into the distribution network. Each distributed generation unit has a corresponding rated capacity and current active power injection amount, and each node in the distribution network has a corresponding node voltage. By acquiring the operating status of each distributed generation unit and the voltage status of each node in the distribution network, the current active power distribution situation and whether there is a voltage over-limit in the distribution network can be determined. When a voltage over-limit occurs, active power coordination and regulation among the distributed generation units can be initiated.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is used as a consistency adjustment variable. By using the active power injection ratio, rather than the actual active power injection amount, as a unified adjustment variable, distributed generation units with different rated capacities can be converted to the same proportional scale, enabling each distributed generation unit to participate in active power distribution and voltage regulation according to its output ratio relative to its rated capacity.

[0025] For the For each distributed generation unit, its current active power injection is determined by its corresponding rated capacity and the current active power injection ratio, satisfying the following: , , in, Indicates the first The current active power injection of each distributed generation unit. Indicates the first The rated capacity of each distributed generation unit, Indicates the first The current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit This indicates the number of the distributed generation unit.

[0026] Based on the above formula, obtain the first... Rated capacity of each distributed generation unit and current active power injection Then, the corresponding current active power injection ratio can be determined. The current active power injection ratio is used to characterize the current output level of the corresponding distributed generation unit, that is, the ratio of the current active power injection to the rated capacity. When, it indicates the first The distributed generation units are currently not contributing active power to the distribution network; when When, it indicates the first Each distributed generation unit injects active power into the distribution network according to its rated capacity; when When, it indicates the first Each distributed generation unit injects active power into the distribution network according to a certain proportion of its rated capacity.

[0027] Furthermore, the active power injection ratio is used as a variable that all distributed generation units need to agree on, so that each distributed generation unit undertakes the active power regulation task according to the same capacity ratio.

[0028] For example, when multiple distributed generation units with different rated capacities ultimately have the same active power injection ratio, the actual active power injection amount corresponding to each distributed generation unit is still determined according to its own rated capacity. Distributed generation units with larger rated capacities can correspond to larger actual active power injection amounts, but the output level of each distributed generation unit relative to its own rated capacity remains consistent. Therefore, considering the capacity differences among distributed generation units, the active power regulation task can be shared by each distributed generation unit according to a uniform ratio, reducing the differences in regulation scale caused by different rated capacities when directly using the actual active power injection amount as a consistency variable.

[0029] Specifically, during the operation of the distribution network, the node voltage of each node is obtained. ,in, This indicates the node number of the distribution network. Node voltage can be obtained through distribution network measurement devices or through state estimation based on distribution network operation data. For distribution networks where the overall network voltage state can be determined through key node measurements and state estimation, the node voltage of each node can also be determined based on the key node measurement results. The specific method for obtaining node voltage can be determined based on the existing measurement conditions of the distribution network. In this embodiment of the invention, based on the ability to obtain the node voltage of each node in the distribution network, no further limitations are made on the specific measurement equipment and state estimation algorithm.

[0030] To determine whether there are voltage safety issues in the distribution network, a voltage safety range is pre-set. The voltage safety range is defined by a voltage upper limit. and lower voltage limit A voltage limit is defined as follows: when the voltage at each node is between the lower and upper voltage limits, the current distribution network is considered to be operating within the permissible voltage range. The upper and lower voltage limits can be set according to the voltage level, operating procedures, and safety control requirements of the distribution network.

[0031] After obtaining the node voltage of each node, compare each node voltage with its upper voltage limit. and lower voltage limit Compare them. When the node voltages of each node all satisfy... At this point, the current voltage state of the distribution network is determined to be normal. A normal state means that there are no nodes in the distribution network with voltages exceeding the upper voltage limit or falling below the lower voltage limit, and the voltages of all nodes are within the preset safe voltage range. In this case, there is no need to initiate active power consistency adjustment for voltage exceeding limits. Each distributed generation unit maintains its current active power injection state, and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is used as the proportional data in the target active power allocation result. Correspondingly, the current active power injection amount corresponding to each current active power injection ratio can also be used as the power data in the target active power allocation result, so that the target active power allocation result simultaneously reflects the proportional output state and the actual active power injection state of each distributed generation unit.

[0032] When at least one distribution network node satisfies When it is determined that a node voltage in the distribution network exceeds the upper voltage limit, the current voltage state is defined as an overvoltage state. An overvoltage state indicates that the current active power distribution and distribution network power flow state have caused the node voltage of at least one node to exceed the allowable upper voltage boundary, requiring subsequent active power coordination and adjustment to reduce the corresponding active power injection level.

[0033] When at least one distribution network node satisfies When it is determined that there are node voltages in the distribution network below the lower voltage limit, the current voltage state is defined as an undervoltage state. An undervoltage state indicates that the current active power distribution and distribution network power flow state have caused the node voltage of at least one node to be below the allowable lower voltage boundary, requiring subsequent active power coordination and adjustment to increase the corresponding active power injection level.

[0034] Therefore, whether the node voltage is within the preset voltage safety range constitutes the triggering basis for subsequent active power consistency regulation. When the distribution network is in a normal state, the current active power allocation is maintained; when the distribution network is in an overvoltage or undervoltage state, subsequent active power coordination regulation is initiated. By using the overall network node voltage state as the triggering condition for active power regulation, it is possible to avoid each distributed generation unit independently adjusting based only on its local node voltage while ignoring the voltage state of other nodes, thus ensuring that the active power allocation process corresponds to the overall voltage safety state of the distribution network.

[0035] Furthermore, when the voltage condition is either overvoltage or undervoltage, one distributed generation unit (DRG) is dynamically designated from among the multiple DRGs connected to the distribution network as the voltage regulation master unit, and the remaining DRGs are designated as voltage regulation follower units. The voltage regulation master unit and the voltage regulation follower units together constitute the master unit used to implement subsequent consistency regulation, i.e., the follower unit structure.

[0036] The voltage regulation master unit receives or obtains voltage over-limit information from the distribution network and generates a reference value for the active power injection ratio that needs to be tracked in subsequent consistency adjustments based on the voltage state. The voltage over-limit information includes at least whether the current voltage state is over-voltage or under-voltage, enabling the voltage regulation master unit to determine the adjustment direction of the active power injection ratio in subsequent processing. The voltage regulation follow unit does not need to independently generate adjustment targets based on the overall network voltage state. Instead, it obtains the active power injection ratio of adjacent distributed generation units through local information exchange and gradually tracks the active power injection ratio reference value introduced by the voltage regulation master unit during subsequent consistency iterations.

[0037] Specifically, the voltage regulation master unit is used to introduce the global regulation target corresponding to node voltage exceeding the limit into the communication network between distributed generation units. The voltage regulation follower unit senses the state changes of neighboring distributed generation units through neighbor communication, enabling the regulation target obtained by the voltage regulation master unit to be gradually transmitted along the communication relationship between each distributed generation unit. As a result, each distributed generation unit does not need to send all its operating status to the central controller for unified power allocation calculation, but can coordinate and update its own active power injection ratio in the subsequent consistency regulation process based on the local communication between the voltage regulation master unit and the voltage regulation follower unit.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the voltage regulation leading unit can be determined from the distributed generation units currently participating in active power regulation according to a preset leading unit designation rule. The voltage regulation leading unit can be pre-designated during the distribution network initialization process or dynamically designated after a node voltage exceeding the limit is detected. Regardless of whether pre-designation or dynamic designation is used, the voltage regulation leading unit should be able to obtain the current voltage state and, through communication with adjacent distributed generation units, transmit the regulation information corresponding to the subsequently generated active power injection ratio reference value to each voltage regulation following unit.

[0039] Furthermore, after the voltage regulation leading unit and the voltage regulation following unit are determined, the voltage regulation leading unit further determines the reference value of the active power injection ratio that each distributed generation unit needs to tend to in this round of consistency regulation, based on the current voltage state, the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit, and the corresponding regulation factor.

[0040] Specifically, after the voltage regulation master unit and the voltage regulation follower unit are determined, the voltage regulation master unit determines the regulation factor based on the current voltage state. The system obtains the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit participating in active power regulation and calculates the average value of each current active power injection ratio. This average value is used to characterize the overall output level of all distributed generation units in the current distribution network relative to their respective rated capacities. The voltage regulation master unit determines the voltage regulation based on the regulation factor. Based on the average of the current active power injection ratios, determine the reference value of the active power injection ratio that each distributed generation unit needs to converge towards during the current consistency adjustment process. The active power injection ratio reference value satisfies: , in, This represents the reference value for the active power injection ratio at the current calculation moment. This represents the adjustment factor determined based on the current voltage state. This indicates the number of distributed generation units participating in consensus adjustment. Indicates the first The active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit at the current calculation time. This represents the average active power injection ratio of all distributed generation units at present.

[0041] Regulatory factors This is used to change the magnitude of the active power injection ratio reference value relative to the current average active power injection ratio, so that the adjustment direction of the active power injection ratio matches the over-limit type of the node voltage. When the current voltage state is an overvoltage state, the adjustment factor... satisfy .

[0042] From the calculation relationship of the active power injection ratio reference value, it can be seen that the active power injection ratio reference value at this time satisfies... The active power injection ratio reference value is lower than the average active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. In subsequent consistency iterations, each distributed generation unit approaches the lower active power injection ratio reference value, thereby reducing the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit and thus reducing the total active power injection level in the distribution network to regulate node overvoltage.

[0043] When the current voltage state is undervoltage, the adjustment factor satisfy At this time, the active power injection ratio reference value satisfies The active power injection ratio reference value shall not be lower than the average active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. In the subsequent consistency iteration process, each distributed generation unit shall approach the higher active power injection ratio reference value, thereby increasing the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit and thus improving the total active power injection level in the distribution network to regulate node undervoltage.

[0044] Furthermore, the active power injection ratio is used to represent the ratio of the actual active power injection of a distributed generation unit to its rated capacity, and its upper limit is 1. Therefore, when the current voltage state is undervoltage, although the adjustment factor... The value of the active power injection ratio is not less than 1, but the reference value of the active power injection ratio determined based on the adjustment factor and the current average active power injection ratio is not greater than 1, which satisfies the condition. By limiting the active power injection ratio reference value to no more than 1, it is possible to avoid the actual active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit exceeding the corresponding rated capacity after adjustment according to the reference value, so that the reference value generation result is adapted to the capacity constraint of each distributed generation unit.

[0045] Specifically, regulatory factors The value of this factor affects the magnitude of change in the active power injection ratio reference value relative to the current average active power injection ratio. (Adjustment factor) The greater the deviation from 1, the larger the difference between the reference value of the active power injection ratio and the current average active power injection ratio. Consequently, the active power injection ratio that each distributed generation unit needs to change during the current adjustment process increases accordingly, resulting in a larger active power adjustment range. (Adjustment factor) The smaller the deviation from 1, the closer the active power injection ratio reference value is to the current average active power injection ratio, and the corresponding active power adjustment range of each distributed generation unit decreases accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, The larger the value, the more significant the change in the active power injection ratio reference value relative to the current state, which is beneficial to accelerating the active power regulation process. However, if the active power regulation amplitude is too large, it may cause the node voltage to exceed the target operating range and cause overshoot. A smaller adjustment factor results in a smoother change in the active power injection ratio, which helps reduce node voltage fluctuations caused by excessive adjustment. However, it may require more rounds of adjustment to restore the voltage at each node to the preset safe range. Therefore, the adjustment factor... The settings can be configured based on the current operating status of the distribution network, the allowable adjustment range of active power, and the voltage regulation stability requirements.

[0047] By using the aforementioned reference value generation method, the overvoltage or undervoltage state of a node can be transformed into a quantified regulation target that all distributed generation units can track together. Compared to each distributed generation unit independently generating regulation commands based on its local node voltage, a unified active power injection ratio reference value enables each distributed generation unit to have a consistent active power regulation direction, reducing the possibility of conflicting or canceling regulation actions between different distributed generation units.

[0048] Furthermore, after the active power injection ratio reference value is determined, each distributed generation unit (DRG) exchanges local information based on pre-established neighbor communication relationships. Each DRG obtains the active power injection ratio of its neighboring DRGs with which it has a communication connection, and updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratios of its neighboring DRGs. The voltage regulation leading unit also adjusts its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value, so that the global regulation target determined based on the distribution network voltage state can be introduced into a consistent iterative process through the voltage regulation leading unit.

[0049] Specifically, each distributed generation unit adopts a discrete-time voltage regulation master unit—voltage regulation follow unit consensus algorithm to iteratively update its own active power injection ratio according to the following formula: , in, Indicates the first The distributed generation unit in the first Active power injection ratio in the next iteration Indicates the first The distributed generation unit in the first Active power injection ratio in the next iteration Indicates the iteration step size. Indicates the first The neighbor set of a distributed generation unit. Indicates the neighboring distributed generation unit number in the neighbor set. Indicates the first The distributed generation unit and the first Communication adjacency coefficient between distributed generation units Indicates the dominant unit identifier. This represents the reference value of the active power injection ratio that the voltage regulation master unit needs to track at the current iteration moment.

[0050] Iteration step size Used to adjust the first Each distributed generation unit updates its own active power injection ratio based on the state differences of its neighboring distributed generation units. (Communication adjacency coefficient) Used to indicate the first The distributed generation unit and the first The communication adjacency relationship between distributed generation units is established, and the state differences between adjacent distributed generation units are weighted. When the first... The distributed generation unit does not belong to the first When the neighbor set of the nth distributed generation unit is set, the nth The distributed generation unit does not need to directly obtain the first... The active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit.

[0051] Dominant Unit Identifier Used to distinguish between the voltage regulation master unit and the voltage regulation follower unit. When the... When a distributed generation unit is a voltage regulation dominant unit, the dominant unit identifier satisfies When the first When a distributed generation unit is a voltage regulation follower unit, the dominant unit identifier satisfies .

[0052] The aforementioned consistency iteration relationship includes neighbor consistency items and reference value tracking items. The neighbor consistency item is... The neighbor consistency term reflects the first... The difference between the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit and the current active power injection ratio of each adjacent distributed generation unit. Each distributed generation unit is based on its communication adjacency coefficient. The ratio difference between itself and each of its adjacent distributed generation units is weighted, and its own active power injection ratio is adjusted according to the weighting result so that its own active power injection ratio is closer to the weighted result of the active power injection ratio of the adjacent distributed generation units.

[0053] When the When there is a difference in the active power injection ratio between a distributed generation unit and its neighboring distributed generation units, the neighbor consistency term drives the first... Each distributed generation unit (DRG) changes its own active power injection ratio to reduce the state difference with its neighboring DRGs. Each DRG performs the above update based on the neighbor's state, so that the local active power injection ratio difference is gradually reduced through the communication network, thereby achieving state synchronization among multiple DRGs.

[0054] Reference value tracking item is When the first When a distributed generation unit is the dominant voltage regulation unit The reference value tracking term participates in the state update of this distributed generation unit, causing the active power injection ratio of the voltage regulation dominant unit to move towards the active power injection ratio reference value. Approaching. The voltage regulation master unit thus absorbs the regulation target formed based on the voltage status of all network nodes and converts the regulation target into a change in its own active power injection ratio.

[0055] When the When each distributed generation unit is a voltage regulation follower unit The reference value tracking term does not participate in the state update of this distributed generation unit. The voltage regulation follower unit obtains the change in the active power injection ratio of neighboring distributed generation units based on the neighbor consistency term, and indirectly obtains the tracking information of the voltage regulation master unit on the active power injection ratio reference value through continuous information exchange between neighboring distributed generation units.

[0056] Specifically, the voltage regulation master unit is simultaneously affected by both the neighbor consistency term and the reference value tracking term. The voltage regulation master unit adjusts its own state according to the active power injection ratio of neighboring distributed generation units to reduce the state difference with neighboring distributed generation units; at the same time, it adjusts its own state according to the active power injection ratio reference value, introducing the global regulation target corresponding to the node voltage exceeding the limit into the communication network between distributed generation units.

[0057] The voltage regulation follower unit senses the state changes of the voltage regulation master unit or other adjacent voltage regulation follower units through the neighbor consistency term. As each distributed generation unit repeatedly executes the above consistency iteration, the regulation information corresponding to the active power injection ratio reference value gradually spreads along the communication relationship between each distributed generation unit, enabling voltage regulation follower units that do not communicate directly with the voltage regulation master unit to also obtain the state change information corresponding to the reference value through adjacent distributed generation units.

[0058] Furthermore, each distributed generation unit only needs to obtain its own active power injection ratio and the active power injection ratios of its neighboring distributed generation units in the neighbor set. There is no need for the central controller to centrally obtain the operating status of all distributed generation units and uniformly calculate the active power regulation command for each distributed generation unit. The voltage regulation leading unit is responsible for introducing the active power injection ratio reference value formed based on the node voltage over-limit status into the communication network, but does not centrally calculate the active power injection ratio corresponding to each voltage regulation following unit.

[0059] Through the aforementioned neighbor communication method, the global voltage regulation target enters the consistency communication network via the voltage regulation master unit, and then propagates to each voltage regulation follower unit through local communication relationships. While maintaining the coordinated regulation capability of each distributed generation unit, the dependence of the active power allocation process on the central controller and centralized communication link can be reduced.

[0060] Furthermore, each distributed generation unit repeatedly updates its active power injection ratio iteratively. The voltage regulation leading unit updates its own active power injection ratio based on the active power injection ratio reference value and the active power injection ratios of adjacent distributed generation units, while each voltage regulation following unit updates its own active power injection ratio based on the active power injection ratios of adjacent distributed generation units.

[0061] During multiple consensus iterations, the active power injection ratio of the voltage regulation dominant unit gradually approaches the reference value of the active power injection ratio under the influence of the reference value tracking term, while maintaining state coordination with adjacent distributed generation units under the influence of the neighbor consensus term. The active power injection ratio of each voltage regulation follower unit gradually approaches consistency with that of its adjacent distributed generation units under the influence of the neighbor consensus term.

[0062] The voltage regulation master unit tracks the active power injection ratio reference value and transmits this information to each voltage regulation follower unit via the communication network, gradually reducing the differences in active power injection ratios between different distributed generation units. Voltage regulation follower units that communicate directly with the voltage regulation master unit can directly sense the state changes of the voltage regulation master unit, while voltage regulation follower units that do not communicate directly with the voltage regulation master unit gradually obtain this state change information through other adjacent distributed generation units.

[0063] After multiple iterations, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit converged to the same value, which is the reference value of the active power injection ratio tracked by the voltage regulation dominant unit. Each distributed generation unit thus undertakes the current active power regulation task in the same proportion relative to its own rated capacity, so that distributed generation units with different rated capacities form a coordinated active power distribution state.

[0064] When consistency adjustment is completed, the active power injection ratio after convergence of each distributed generation unit is determined as the updated active power injection ratio. For the first... The updated active power injection ratio of a distributed generation unit can be expressed as: The updated active power injection ratio reflects both the first and second generations of active power injection. The local state of each distributed generation unit after neighbor consistency adjustment also reflects the distribution network voltage regulation target introduced by the voltage regulation dominant unit.

[0065] Specifically, the active power injection ratio when the voltage regulation master unit completes consistency regulation is jointly determined by the neighbor consistency information and the active power injection ratio reference value; the active power injection ratio when each voltage regulation follower unit completes consistency regulation is determined by the status information transmitted through neighbor communication. Through the direct tracking of the reference value by the voltage regulation master unit and the continuous tracking of the neighbor status by the voltage regulation follower unit, each distributed generation unit can ultimately obtain an updated active power injection ratio consistent with the active power injection ratio reference value.

[0066] The completion of consistency adjustment does not mean that each distributed generation unit has the same actual active power injection. Since the rated capacity of each distributed generation unit may differ, even if the updated active power injection ratio is the same for each unit, the corresponding actual active power injection is still determined by its respective rated capacity. Distributed generation units with larger rated capacities correspond to larger actual active power injections according to the same ratio, while distributed generation units with smaller rated capacities correspond to smaller actual active power injections according to the same ratio.

[0067] Therefore, using the active power injection ratio as a consistency variable allows each distributed generation unit to bear the responsibility of regulating an increase or decrease in active power according to the same capacity ratio. At the same time, preserving the rated capacity differences between different distributed generation units helps to avoid the unreasonable distribution of regulation burden caused by directly requiring distributed generation units with different rated capacities to output the same absolute active power.

[0068] Furthermore, the rated capacity of each distributed generation unit is obtained, and the updated active power injection ratio obtained from consistency adjustment is converted into the actual active power injection amount that can be executed by the corresponding distributed generation unit. For the first... For each distributed generation unit, the active power injection, rated capacity, and active power injection ratio satisfy the following relationship: , , in, Indicates the first Active power injection of each distributed generation unit Indicates the first The rated capacity of each distributed generation unit, Indicates the first The active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit.

[0069] When determining the updated active power injection amount, the first... Updated active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit The active power injection ratio in the above calculation relationship and with the Rated capacity of each distributed generation unit Multiplying these results in the updated active power injection amount corresponding to the updated active power injection ratio.

[0070] Specifically, no. The updated active power injection of each distributed generation unit is determined by its rated capacity and the updated active power injection ratio. The updated active power injection ratio is used to determine the output level of the distributed generation unit relative to its rated capacity, and the rated capacity is used to convert the proportional adjustment result into an actual active power value.

[0071] During the consistency iteration process, the updated active power injection ratio is obtained each time. Subsequently, based on the relationship between the active power injection amount, rated capacity, and active power injection ratio, the active power injection amount corresponding to the current iteration state can be determined. After completing the current consistency adjustment, the converged active power injection ratio is determined as the updated active power injection ratio, and the active power injection amount corresponding to this updated active power injection ratio is determined as the updated active power injection amount for the current adjustment process.

[0072] Furthermore, based on the updated active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit, a corresponding actual active power command is generated and sent to the corresponding distributed generation unit. After receiving the corresponding actual active power command, each distributed generation unit adjusts its own active power output according to the updated active power injection amount, so that the active power injection ratio calculated by the consensus algorithm is converted into the actual active power injection in the distribution network.

[0073] Determining the updated active power injection amount by multiplying the rated capacity by the updated active power injection ratio allows the actual regulation amount of each distributed generation unit to be adapted to its own rated capacity. Distributed generation units with larger rated capacities correspond to larger actual active power injection amounts under the same active power injection ratio, while distributed generation units with smaller rated capacities correspond to smaller actual active power injection amounts under the same active power injection ratio. Therefore, each distributed generation unit can undertake its corresponding actual active power regulation task according to its rated capacity, while maintaining a consistent active power injection ratio.

[0074] When the current voltage condition is overvoltage, the consistency adjustment target of each distributed generation unit is lower than the current average active power injection ratio. The updated active power injection ratio will decrease accordingly, and the updated active power injection amount determined based on the updated active power injection ratio will also decrease accordingly. When the current voltage condition is undervoltage, the consistency adjustment target of each distributed generation unit is not lower than the current average active power injection ratio. The updated active power injection ratio will increase accordingly, and the updated active power injection amount determined based on the updated active power injection ratio will also increase accordingly. Furthermore, the updated active power injection amount will not exceed the rated capacity of the corresponding distributed generation unit.

[0075] After each distributed generation unit performs active power injection according to the updated active power injection amount, the active power flow and node voltage distribution of the distribution network change accordingly. The updated active power injection amount will be used as the input for subsequent three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation of the distribution network to obtain the voltage of each node after active power adjustment, and to further determine whether the current active power allocation result has restored the voltage of each node of the distribution network to the preset safe voltage range.

[0076] Furthermore, after each distributed generation unit adjusts the active power injection amount according to the updated actual active power command, the power distribution state in the distribution network changes. It is necessary to re-acquire the voltage information of each node under the current operating state in order to determine whether the current active power adjustment result meets the requirements for safe operation of the distribution network.

[0077] Specifically, based on the updated active power injection from each distributed generation unit, a three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation is performed on the distribution network to obtain the voltage amplitude of each node under the current active power regulation state. Because of the different types of loads, line impedance differences, and varying connection locations of distributed generation units within the distribution network, changes in the active power injection from each distributed generation unit will cause changes in the voltage state of different nodes in the distribution network. Therefore, by re-performing the three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation, the actual voltage operating state of each node after active power regulation can be obtained.

[0078] Specifically, in the process of calculating the three-phase unbalanced power flow, the updated active power injection of each distributed generation unit is used as the power input after the update of the distribution network operation status. Based on the distribution network topology, line parameters, load parameters and distributed generation unit access parameters, the three-phase voltage state corresponding to each node is calculated.

[0079] Furthermore, based on the node voltage states calculated from the three-phase unbalanced power flow, it is determined whether the node voltage is within the preset safe voltage range. The preset safe voltage range is determined by both the upper and lower safe voltage limits. When the node voltage meets... When, it indicates the first The voltage of each node is within the allowable operating range, among which... Indicates the first The voltage amplitude at each node, This indicates the preset lower voltage safety limit. This indicates the preset safe voltage limit.

[0080] When all node voltages meet the above conditions, it means that the current active power regulation result can restore the voltage of each node in the distribution network to the safe operating range, and the current voltage regulation process has reached the target state.

[0081] If the voltage at any node does not meet the above conditions, it means that the current active power regulation result is still unable to eliminate the voltage over-limit state in the distribution network, and the subsequent closed-loop regulation process needs to be continued.

[0082] Specifically, for nodes whose voltage remains above the upper limit of safety after active power regulation, the current distribution network is determined to still be in an overvoltage state; for nodes whose voltage remains below the lower limit of safety after active power regulation, the current distribution network is determined to still be in an undervoltage state.

[0083] Furthermore, by re-acquiring the adjusted node voltage state, a feedback process of active power regulation, power flow calculation, and voltage state judgment can be formed. This feedback process enables the current active power regulation result to establish a correspondence with the actual distribution network voltage changes, avoiding the problem that determining the active power regulation amount based solely on the initial operating state is insufficient to adapt to changes in the distribution network state during the regulation process.

[0084] Furthermore, when the three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation results show that the voltage of each node has recovered to the preset voltage safety range, it is determined that the active power regulation of the current cycle is completed, and the active power injection ratio after consistency regulation is used as the target active power allocation result.

[0085] Specifically, after neighbor communication consensus iteration, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit tends to be consistent. This consistent state corresponds to the active power injection ratio reference value generated by the voltage regulation master unit based on the current voltage over-limit state. Each distributed generation unit determines the actual active power injection amount based on its own rated capacity and the converged active power injection ratio, and performs power regulation according to the actual active power injection amount.

[0086] In this way, each distributed generation unit does not adjust according to the same absolute active power, but rather according to the same proportion relative to its rated capacity. For distributed generation units with different rated capacities, different actual active power injection amounts correspond to the same active power injection ratio, thus enabling each distributed generation unit to undertake the corresponding active power adjustment task according to its own capacity level.

[0087] Specifically, the target active power allocation result is determined jointly by the updated active power injection ratio and corresponding rated capacity of each distributed generation unit. The target active power injection amount corresponding to each distributed generation unit satisfies ;in, Indicates the first Target active power injection amount for each distributed generation unit Indicates the first Rated capacity of each distributed generation unit This indicates the target active power injection ratio determined after consistency adjustment.

[0088] Furthermore, by using the active power injection ratio as a consistency adjustment variable, a coordinated power distribution relationship can be formed among multiple distributed generation units. The voltage regulation master unit determines the overall adjustment direction based on the voltage over-limit status of the distribution network, and the voltage regulation follower unit gradually tracks the status of the voltage regulation master unit through neighbor communication, thereby enabling each distributed generation unit to ultimately achieve a unified active power injection ratio.

[0089] Specifically, in the overvoltage regulation process, the regulation factor If the value is less than 1, the active power injection ratio reference value is lower than the current average active power injection ratio. Each distributed generation unit reduces the active power injection ratio through consistency adjustment, thereby reducing the actual active power injection amount and thus reducing the voltage level of the distribution network nodes.

[0090] During undervoltage regulation, the adjustment factor The active power injection ratio reference value is not less than 1 and is not lower than the current average active power injection ratio. Each distributed generation unit increases the active power injection ratio through consistency adjustment, thereby increasing the actual active power injection amount and improving the voltage level of the distribution network nodes.

[0091] Through the above adjustment process, the active power injection direction of distributed generation units can be automatically adjusted according to the current voltage over-limit type of the distribution network, so that multiple distributed generation units can participate in voltage regulation in a coordinated manner.

[0092] Furthermore, after the current round of adjustment is completed, the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit corresponding to the voltage state of each node meeting the preset voltage safety range is taken as the target active power allocation result. This target active power allocation result not only meets the voltage safety operation requirements of the distribution network, but also maintains the coordinated allocation relationship between each distributed generation unit based on capacity ratio.

[0093] Furthermore, if a node voltage over-limit situation is still detected after the three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation is performed based on the updated active power injection, the voltage regulation process is re-entered.

[0094] Specifically, the current voltage over-limit type is determined based on the reacquired node voltage status. If the node voltage is still higher than the upper voltage safety limit, it is determined that the current state is still overvoltage; if the node voltage is still lower than the lower voltage safety limit, it is determined that the current state is still undervoltage.

[0095] Based on the redefined voltage over-limit type, the voltage regulation leading unit is reassigned, and the regulation factor is redefined based on the current distribution network operating status. The voltage regulation control unit further adjusts the current active power injection ratio and adjustment factor of each distributed generation unit based on the re-acquired data. Regenerate the active power injection ratio reference value.

[0096] Specifically, the regenerated active power injection ratio reference value satisfies .

[0097] Based on the newly determined active power injection ratio reference value, each distributed generation unit performs a consensus iteration again through neighbor communication, so that the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit approaches the new reference target again.

[0098] Furthermore, in the new regulation cycle, each distributed generation unit continues to update its own state according to the neighbor consistency relationship. The voltage regulation leading unit adjusts its own state based on the active power injection ratio reference value, and the voltage regulation following unit adjusts its own state based on the state of its neighboring distributed generation units, so that the new active power regulation target can continue to be transmitted to all distributed generation units participating in the regulation through the communication network.

[0099] After completing a new round of consistency adjustment, the actual active power injection of each distributed generation unit is recalculated based on the updated active power injection ratio and rated capacity, and a new actual active power command is generated. After each distributed generation unit executes the new actual active power command, the three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation is performed again, and the voltage status of each node is reassessed.

[0100] By repeatedly executing the above closed-loop regulation process, the active power regulation results can be continuously corrected according to the real-time operating status of the distribution network.

[0101] Furthermore, after multiple rounds of closed-loop regulation, when the voltage at each node returns to the preset safe voltage range, the current voltage regulation process is stopped, and the current target active power allocation result is maintained. If voltage exceedances still occur, the above closed-loop regulation process continues until the voltage safety operation requirements are met.

[0102] Through the above closed-loop regulation method, the active power regulation results can be corrected by using the actual operating status of the distribution network, so that the active power allocation process of the distributed generation unit and the node voltage change process can be dynamically matched, thereby improving the adaptability of the voltage regulation process to changes in the operating status of the distribution network.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, the adjustment factor can also be set based on the degree to which the node voltage deviates from the corresponding voltage safety limit. When the node voltage exceeds the limit significantly, the deviation of the adjustment factor from 1 can be appropriately increased to improve the active power regulation amplitude of the current cycle; when the node voltage exceeds the limit less significantly, the adjustment factor can be made closer to 1 to reduce the active power regulation amplitude of the current cycle. The specific value of the adjustment factor can be determined based on the distribution network operating status, the allowable active power regulation range, and the voltage regulation stability requirements. This preferred setting is used to coordinate regulation speed and regulation stability without changing the basic regulation direction of reducing the active power injection ratio under overvoltage conditions and increasing the active power injection ratio under undervoltage conditions.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, the completion of the current consistency adjustment can be determined based on the degree of change in the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit in two adjacent consistency iterations. When the change in the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is within a preset allowable range, the current consistency iteration can be considered to have reached a stable state. Furthermore, the consistency adjustment result can be judged by combining the deviation of the active power injection ratio between distributed generation units, or the deviation of each active power injection ratio relative to the reference value of the active power injection ratio, to reduce the possibility of prematurely stopping the iteration when the state change of each distributed generation unit is small but has not yet reached the preset consistency level.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, a maximum number of iterations can be set for a single consistency adjustment. When the maximum number of iterations is reached and the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit has not yet reached a preset consistency level, the current consistency iteration can be stopped, and a status message indicating that the consistency adjustment is incomplete can be output. By setting the maximum number of iterations, the communication time and computing resources occupied by a single consistency adjustment can be limited.

[0106] Furthermore, the active power injection ratio is used to represent the ratio of the actual active power injection amount to the rated capacity, and its value is maintained between 0 and 1. In a preferred embodiment, the value range can be determined after the active power injection ratio is updated, so that the update result is adapted to the available active power adjustment range of the distributed generation unit. When node voltage exceeds the limit after multiple rounds of continuous active power adjustment, status information indicating that voltage adjustment is not completed or the current active power adjustment capability is insufficient can be output.

[0107] Specifically, the repeated adjustment process in this embodiment includes two types of processes: consistency iteration and voltage feedback adjustment. In one voltage feedback adjustment process, a reference value for the active power injection ratio is determined based on the current node voltage. Each distributed generation unit updates the active power injection ratio through multiple neighbor information exchanges. After completing the consistency adjustment, the updated result is converted into the actual active power injection amount, and the voltage of each node in the distribution network is recalculated. The multiple neighbor information exchanges in this process belong to the consistency iteration.

[0108] When the actual active power injection is updated, and the voltage at each node has not yet fully recovered to the preset safe voltage range, the updated active power injection ratio is used as the new active power injection ratio for the next round of adjustment. The reference value for the active power injection ratio is re-determined based on the latest voltage state, and consistency adjustment and voltage verification are performed again. This process belongs to voltage feedback adjustment. By distinguishing between consistency iteration and voltage feedback adjustment, the relationship between the state convergence process among distributed generation units and the closed-loop verification process of distribution network node voltage can be clarified, but the processing flow of the aforementioned active power allocation and voltage regulation method remains unchanged.

[0109] Specifically, the final target active power allocation result obtained in this embodiment includes the target active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit and the target active power injection amount corresponding to the target active power injection ratio. The target active power injection ratio is used to characterize the target output level of each distributed generation unit relative to its own rated capacity, and the target active power injection amount is used to characterize the active power actually injected into the distribution network by each distributed generation unit according to the target output level.

[0110] When the voltages of each node initially acquired are all within the preset voltage safety range, consistency adjustment for voltage exceeding the limit is not initiated. Instead, the current active power injection ratio and the corresponding current active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit are determined as the target active power allocation result, and each distributed generation unit maintains its current active power injection state.

[0111] When the initially acquired node voltage exhibits overvoltage or undervoltage, the active power injection status of each distributed generation unit is adjusted through active power injection ratio reference value generation, neighbor communication consistency adjustment, updated active power injection amount determination, and three-phase unbalanced power flow calculation. When the adjusted node voltages are all within the preset voltage safety range, the voltage adjustment is considered complete, and the updated active power injection ratios and corresponding updated active power injection amounts obtained in the current round are determined as the target active power allocation results.

[0112] If overvoltage or undervoltage still exists after the adjustment of the node voltage, the updated active power injection ratios obtained in the current round are used as the new current active power injection ratios. The reference values ​​for the active power injection ratios are re-determined based on the latest adjusted voltage status, and consistency adjustment, active power injection updates, and node voltage verification continue until the voltage of each node is within the preset voltage safety range. When this condition is met, the current voltage adjustment process ends, and each distributed generation unit operates according to the finally determined target active power injection amount.

[0113] This method uses whether the voltage at distribution network nodes is within a preset safe voltage range as the trigger and completion criterion for coordinated active power regulation. Overvoltage or undervoltage states are converted into a reference value for the active power injection ratio that all distributed generation units (DRGs) track together. Neighbor communication is then used to ensure that the active power injection ratios of each DRG are aligned. This approach allows DRGs with different rated capacities to undertake active power regulation tasks according to the same capacity ratio, while preserving the differences between the actual active power injection amounts of each DRG and their corresponding rated capacities.

[0114] Furthermore, after performing active power regulation, the node voltage is reacquired, and if the node voltage still exceeds the limit, the regulation target is redefined based on the latest operating status, so that the target active power allocation result is verified by feedback from the node voltage safety status. The entire method forms a closed-loop process that combines node voltage acquisition and limit judgment, active power injection ratio reference value generation, consistency regulation, actual active power update, and node voltage reverification. This helps reduce the dependence of the active power allocation process on the central controller and improves the adaptability between the coordinated regulation of active power of each distributed generation unit and the actual voltage status of the distribution network.

[0115] In summary, in this embodiment of the invention, the following steps are completed: obtaining the voltage of each node in the distribution network and the operating status of each distributed generation unit; judging the voltage over-limit type; determining the active power injection ratio reference value; adjusting the consistency based on neighbor communication; determining the updated active power injection amount; verifying the adjusted node voltage; and outputting the target active power allocation result, thereby obtaining the active power allocation result of the distributed generation unit that meets the current voltage safety status of the distribution network.

[0116] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 1, the present invention also provides a distribution network active power allocation and voltage regulation system based on a consensus algorithm, comprising: The status acquisition module acquires the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. The reference value determination module is used to determine the over-limit judgment of the node voltage according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; and to determine the active power injection ratio reference value according to the voltage status. The consistency adjustment module is used to adjust the current active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio, and adjust the active power injection amount of each of the distributed generation units according to the updated active power injection ratio, re-acquire the node voltage and perform over-limit judgment to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The allocation result determination module is used to determine the voltage regulation result based on the adjusted voltage state, and to obtain the target active power allocation result based on the voltage regulation result.

[0117] Each module of the distribution network active power allocation and voltage regulation system based on consensus algorithm proposed in this embodiment is used to implement the steps in the distribution network active power allocation and voltage regulation method based on consensus algorithm in Embodiment 1. To avoid redundancy, these steps will not be repeated here.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0119] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0121] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm, characterized in that, include: Obtain the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; The node voltage is judged to exceed the limit according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; the active power injection ratio reference value is determined according to the voltage status. The current active power injection ratio is adjusted for consistency based on the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio. The active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit is adjusted according to the updated active power injection ratio. The node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The voltage regulation result is determined based on the adjusted voltage state, and the target active power allocation result is obtained based on the voltage regulation result.

2. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is as follows: Obtain the rated capacity and current active power injection of each of the distributed generation units, and determine the first... The current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit is given by the formula: ， ， in, This represents the current active power injection amount. For rated capacity, The current active power injection ratio.

3. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the voltage state by judging the over-limit of the node voltage according to the preset voltage safety range is as follows: obtain the upper limit and lower limit of the preset voltage safety range; compare the voltage of each node with the upper limit and lower limit of the voltage respectively; When the voltage of each node is not higher than the upper voltage limit and not lower than the lower voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be a normal state. When a node voltage is higher than the upper voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be an overvoltage state; when a node voltage is lower than the lower voltage limit, the voltage state is determined to be an undervoltage state.

4. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for determining the active power injection ratio reference value based on the voltage state is as follows: When the voltage state is normal, the current active power injection ratio is determined as the target active power allocation result. When the voltage state is an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, a voltage regulation leading unit is determined from each of the distributed generation units, and the remaining distributed generation units are determined as voltage regulation following units. The voltage regulation leading unit determines a regulation factor based on the voltage state, calculates the average value of the current active power injection ratio for each unit, and determines a reference value for the active power injection ratio based on the regulation factor and the average value, using the following formula: ， in, For the first The reference value for the active power injection ratio corresponding to the wheel regulation. The regulating factor, This refers to the number of distributed generation units. For the first The current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; when the voltage state is an overvoltage state. When the voltage state is an undervoltage state, Furthermore, the reference value for the active power injection ratio is not greater than 1.

5. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the current active power injection ratio to a consistent value based on the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio is as follows: Each distributed generation unit obtains the active power injection ratio of its neighboring distributed generation units, and iteratively updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio of its neighboring distributed generation units and the reference value of the active power injection ratio, using the following formula: ； in, and The first The distributed generation unit in the first Second and third The active power injection ratio in the next iteration. The iteration step size, For the first The neighbor set of a distributed generation unit. For the first The distributed generation unit and the first Communication adjacency coefficient between distributed generation units This is the identifier for the dominant unit; the voltage regulation dominant unit corresponds to... The voltage regulation follower unit corresponds to ; The iterative update is repeated until the consistency adjustment is completed, and the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit when the consistency adjustment is completed is determined as the updated active power injection ratio.

6. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The method for achieving consistency adjustment is as follows: the voltage regulation leading unit updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value, and each voltage regulation following unit updates its own active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio of the adjacent distributed generation unit. After multiple iterations, the active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit converges to the active power injection ratio reference value, and the converged active power injection ratio is determined as the updated active power injection ratio.

7. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit according to the updated active power injection ratio, re-acquiring the node voltage and performing over-limit judgment, and obtaining the adjusted voltage state is as follows: obtain the rated capacity of each distributed generation unit, and determine the updated active power injection amount according to the rated capacity of each distributed generation unit and the corresponding updated active power injection ratio, using the following formula: ， in, For the first The updated active power injection of each distributed generation unit For the first The rated capacity of each distributed generation unit, For the first The updated active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit; Each of the distributed generation units is controlled to inject active power according to the corresponding updated active power injection amount. The three-phase unbalanced power flow of the distribution network is calculated based on the updated active power injection amount to obtain the adjusted voltage of each node. The adjusted node voltages are judged to exceed the preset voltage safety range. When all the adjusted node voltages are within the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be normal. When any adjusted node voltage is higher than the upper limit of the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be overvoltage. When any adjusted node voltage is lower than the lower limit of the preset voltage safety range, the adjusted voltage state is determined to be undervoltage.

8. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the voltage regulation result based on the adjusted voltage state and obtaining the target active power allocation result based on the voltage regulation result is as follows: Determine whether the adjusted voltage state is normal; When the adjusted voltage state is in a normal state, the voltage adjustment result is determined to be voltage adjustment completed, and the updated active power injection ratio and the corresponding updated active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit are determined as the target active power allocation result. When the adjusted voltage state is an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, the voltage adjustment result is determined to be an incomplete voltage adjustment. The updated active power injection ratios are then determined as the new current active power injection ratios, and consistency adjustment continues.

9. The method for active power allocation and voltage regulation in a distribution network based on a consensus algorithm as described in claim 8, characterized in that: If the voltage regulation result indicates that the voltage regulation is not yet complete, the method for continuing consistency regulation is as follows: The active power injection ratio reference value is re-determined based on the adjusted voltage state and each of the new current active power injection ratios. Based on the newly determined active power injection ratio reference value, the consistency adjustment of each new current active power injection ratio is performed to obtain a new updated active power injection ratio. The active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit is adjusted according to the new updated active power injection ratio. The node voltage is reacquired and over-limit judgment is performed to obtain a new adjusted voltage state. When the new adjusted voltage state is normal, the corresponding updated active power injection ratio and updated active power injection amount are determined as the target active power allocation result. When the new adjusted voltage state is overvoltage or undervoltage, each new updated active power injection ratio is determined as the new current active power injection ratio. The steps of re-determining the active power injection ratio reference value, performing consistency adjustment, adjusting the active power injection amount of each distributed generation unit, and reacquiring the node voltage and performing over-limit judgment are repeated until the new adjusted voltage state is normal.

10. A distribution network active power allocation and voltage regulation system based on a consensus algorithm, characterized in that, include: The status acquisition module acquires the node voltage of each node in the distribution network and the current active power injection ratio of each distributed generation unit. The reference value determination module is used to determine the over-limit judgment of the node voltage according to the preset voltage safety range to obtain the voltage status; and to determine the active power injection ratio reference value according to the voltage status. The consistency adjustment module is used to adjust the current active power injection ratio according to the active power injection ratio reference value to obtain the updated active power injection ratio, and adjust the active power injection amount of each of the distributed generation units according to the updated active power injection ratio, re-acquire the node voltage and perform over-limit judgment to obtain the adjusted voltage state. The allocation result determination module is used to determine the voltage regulation result based on the adjusted voltage state, and to obtain the target active power allocation result based on the voltage regulation result.

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