A wind-solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage and an operation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a wind-solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage and an operation method thereof, and relates to the field of power engineering and engineering thermophysics. The application constructs a comprehensive energy system with compressed gas energy storage as the core and cold-heat production devices and battery energy storage as gradient buffers. In operation, wind-solar power is preferentially delivered to the compressed gas energy storage, and when the output is insufficient, the wind-solar power is preferentially dispatched to the cold-heat production devices to generate instant benefits, and when there is no demand, the wind-solar power is stored in the battery energy storage; when the wind and the sun have no output, the two are cooperatively discharged to the power grid according to the power grid price. Meanwhile, the application determines the optimal scale configuration of each subsystem through an energy balance relationship. The application realizes full-time efficient consumption of wind-solar power, significantly improves the operation efficiency and economy of the composite energy storage system, effectively solves the problem of abandoned wind and abandoned light, and is suitable for the supporting energy storage construction of large-scale wind-solar power stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics, and in particular to a wind and solar power configuration system and operation method based on compressed gas energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of the global energy transition, the installed capacity of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power has continued to grow rapidly. However, wind and solar power generation are characterized by significant intermittency, volatility, and randomness, such as... Figure 1 As shown, its output cannot be precisely controlled by humans, exhibiting both regular variations such as day-night and seasonal changes, and also experiencing severe short-term fluctuations due to factors such as passing clouds and sudden changes in wind speed. This poses a significant challenge to the stable operation of the power system and the efficient absorption of renewable energy.

[0003] Compressed gas energy storage technology is considered one of the most promising large-scale, long-term energy storage technologies due to its advantages such as large storage capacity, long service life, low construction cost, and environmental friendliness. However, in practical applications, compressed gas energy storage systems face a core bottleneck: the compressor's stable operating range is limited, and its frequency conversion range is narrow. Because compressors experience surge and blockage boundaries, they can only operate efficiently and stably within a relatively small power range, resulting in severely insufficient power regulation capabilities. When wind and solar power output falls below the compressor's minimum operating power, the compressor cannot start or can only operate inefficiently, failing to match surplus power in real time, thus causing significant wind and solar power curtailment.

[0004] In existing technologies, the common approach to addressing these issues is to simply increase battery energy storage capacity to mitigate wind and solar energy fluctuations. However, the unit capacity cost of battery energy storage is high, and large-scale application would significantly increase the overall investment of the system. Other technologies combine heating and cooling production systems with energy storage systems, but these often employ independent scheduling modes, failing to achieve tiered optimization of energy utilization. The overall operating efficiency and economic viability of the system still need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of existing compressed gas energy storage systems, which suffer from narrow compressor frequency range and insufficient power regulation capabilities, making it difficult to effectively absorb fluctuating wind and solar power, resulting in high wind and solar curtailment rates; the high cost of relying solely on battery energy storage to mitigate fluctuations; and the unreasonable scheduling and low operating efficiency of existing combined cooling, heating, and energy storage systems. It provides a wind and solar power configuration system and operation method based on compressed gas energy storage. By constructing a tiered absorption system with compressed gas energy storage as the primary component and cooling, heating production, and battery energy storage as secondary components, it avoids the inefficient operation of compressed gas energy storage systems under low loads, ensuring that all wind and solar power can be utilized or stored immediately, fundamentally solving the problem of wind and solar curtailment.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the objective of this invention is as follows: The first aspect of this invention provides a wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage, comprising: A wind and solar power generation system for generating renewable electricity, the wind and solar power generation system including a photovoltaic power station and / or a wind power station; Compressed gas energy storage system is used to convert electrical energy generated by wind and solar power generation systems into compressed gas energy storage. Battery energy storage system for fast-response energy storage; Cold and heat production equipment is used to convert electrical energy into cold or heat energy and supply it to cold and heat users. The control unit is electrically connected to the wind and solar power generation system, the compressed gas energy storage system, the battery energy storage system, and the heating and cooling production device, respectively. The control unit is configured to execute the following operating strategy: prioritize the transmission of electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system to the compressed gas energy storage system for storage; when the real-time output of the wind and solar power generation system is lower than the minimum power threshold required to drive the compressed gas energy storage system, prioritize the dispatch of electricity to the heating and cooling production device; if the heating and cooling users have no heating or cooling needs, dispatch the electricity to the battery energy storage system for storage; when the output of the wind and solar power generation system rises above the minimum power threshold, resume the compressed gas energy storage system as the main electricity consumer; during periods when the wind and solar power generation system has no output, control the battery energy storage system and the compressed gas energy storage system to discharge to the grid according to the real-time electricity price of the grid.

[0007] Preferably, the compressed gas energy storage system includes a compression-cooling module, a heating-expansion module, a high-pressure gas storage device, a low-pressure gas storage device, and a heat storage device; The air inlet of the compression-cooling module is connected to the low-pressure gas storage device via a first stopcock valve, and the air outlet is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device via a second stopcock valve. The air inlet of the heating-expansion module is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device via the third stopcock valve, and the air outlet is connected to the low-pressure gas storage device via the fourth stopcock valve. The heat inlet of the heat storage device is connected to the heat outlet of the compression-cooling module via the fifth stopcock valve, and the heat outlet is connected to the heat inlet of the heating-expansion module via the sixth stopcock valve. This device is used to store the heat generated during the compression process and to provide a heat source for the expansion process.

[0008] Preferably, the compression-cooling module consists of multiple compressors and multiple coolers connected in parallel; the heating-expansion module consists of multiple heaters and multiple expanders connected in parallel.

[0009] Preferably, the low-pressure gas storage device is a low-pressure gas storage container or an atmospheric environment.

[0010] Preferably, the hot and cold production device includes a hot water storage electric heating unit, a refrigeration unit, and a cold storage unit; The power input terminal of the hot water storage electric heating unit is connected to the wind and solar power generation system, and the heat output terminal is connected to the cold and heat users. The power input terminal of the refrigeration unit is connected to the wind and solar power generation system, the cold energy output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the cold storage unit, and the output terminal of the cold storage unit is connected to the heating and cooling users.

[0011] Preferably, the charging and discharging terminals of the battery energy storage system are connected to the power grid, and the power output terminal of the compressed gas energy storage system is connected to the power grid.

[0012] Preferably, the rated capacity of the battery energy storage system is equal to the total wind and solar power energy not absorbed by the compressed gas energy storage system; the maximum cooling / heating capacity of the cooling and heating production device is equal to the product of the total wind and solar power energy not absorbed by the compressed gas energy storage system and the corresponding energy conversion performance coefficient.

[0013] Preferably, the control unit is further configured to: analyze the characteristics of wind and solar resources at the project site and determine the effective output time window for wind and solar power generation; determine an independent energy storage time window based on the minimum operating power threshold of the compressed gas energy storage system; and directly transmit all wind and solar power to the compressed gas energy storage system when the current time is within the independent energy storage time window.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain real-time power output data of wind and solar power generation systems, minimum operating power threshold of compressed gas energy storage systems, heating and cooling demand data of users, and real-time electricity price data of the power grid. S2. Determine whether the real-time output of the wind and solar power generation system is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power threshold. If yes, proceed to step S3; otherwise, proceed to step S4. S3. All the electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system is transmitted to the compressed gas energy storage system for storage; S4. Determine if there is a user's demand for hot or cold water. If yes, proceed to step S5; otherwise, proceed to step S6. S5. Prioritize the delivery of electricity to cold and hot production units to meet user demand, and deliver the remaining electricity to the battery energy storage system for storage. S6. All electricity is transferred to the battery energy storage system for storage; S7. When the wind and solar power generation system has no output, the battery energy storage system and compressed gas energy storage system are controlled to discharge to the grid or shut down according to the grid electricity price.

[0015] Preferably, a system pre-configuration step is included before step S1: S01. Analyze the solar and wind resource characteristics of the project site to determine the effective output time window for wind and solar power generation. ; S02. Determine the operating range of the energy storage power based on the design parameters of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S03, Minimum operating power based on wind and solar power output characteristics and compressed gas energy storage system Determine the independent energy storage time window ,in and The power output of wind and solar power reached its first peak and fell below its last peak, respectively. At that moment.

[0016] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: S21. Determine the current time Time Is it within the independent energy storage time window? If so, proceed to step S3; S22. If not, then determine the current time. Time Is it within the effective output time window? If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S7.

[0017] Preferably, step S7 specifically includes: S71. Obtain the current grid electricity price and determine whether it is higher than the preset discharge electricity price threshold; S72. If so, prioritize controlling the battery energy storage system to discharge to the grid. When the battery energy storage system discharges to a level below the preset threshold, start the compressed gas energy storage system to discharge to the grid. S73. If not, both the battery energy storage system and the compressed gas energy storage system will be shut down.

[0018] Preferably, the system size determination step is also included: S8. Calculate the total energy consumed by the compressed gas energy storage system within an independent energy storage time window. ; S9. Calculate the total energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system within the effective output time window. ; S10. Calculate the unused additional energy of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S11, according to The rated capacity of the battery energy storage system is determined as follows: The maximum energy supply capacity of the hot and cold production units is determined to be... ,in COP This refers to the performance coefficient of the hot and cold production equipment.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention constructs a tiered consumption system with compressed gas energy storage as the main component and cold and hot production and battery energy storage as supplementary components. This avoids the inefficient operation of compressed gas energy storage systems under low loads and ensures that all wind and solar power can be utilized or stored in real time, fundamentally solving the problem of wind and solar curtailment.

[0020] 2. This invention converts surplus electricity into the cold and heat energy required by users through a cold and heat production device, generating immediate economic benefits; battery energy storage is only used to smooth out short-term small power fluctuations, significantly reducing the required capacity and greatly reducing system investment; peak-valley electricity pricing optimization discharge strategy further improves the profitability of the energy storage system.

[0021] 3. This invention utilizes compressed gas energy storage for large-scale, long-term energy storage, battery energy storage for rapid response, and cold and hot production equipment to provide flexible load adjustment capabilities. The three work together to adapt to fluctuations in wind and solar power output and changes in user demand under different scenarios.

[0022] 4. By establishing a quantitative relationship between the scale of each subsystem and the unused energy of compressed gas energy storage, this invention achieves system scale adaptation and provides clear guidance for the economic design and engineering application of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a typical daily power generation curve for photovoltaic systems.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated energy system that fully absorbs wind and solar power as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation strategy and system configuration design of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the four operating modes described in this invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Photovoltaic power station; 2-Wind power station; 3-Hot water storage electric heating unit; 4-Refrigeration unit; 5-Cold storage unit; 6-Cold and heat users; 7-Battery energy storage system; 8-Compression-cooling unit; 9-Second stopcock valve; 10-High-pressure storage device; 11-Third stopcock valve; 12-Heating-expansion unit; 13-Fourth stopcock valve; 14-Low-pressure storage device; 15-First stopcock valve; 16-Fifth stopcock valve; 17-Heat storage unit; 18-Sixth stopcock valve; 19-Power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0030] Example 1: This embodiment provides a basic wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0031] The system integrates a wind and solar power generation system, a compressed gas energy storage system, a battery energy storage system, a heating and cooling production device, and a control unit to form a comprehensive energy system. It includes a photovoltaic power station 1, a wind power station 2, a hot water storage and electric heating unit 3, a refrigeration unit 4, a cold storage unit 5, heating and cooling users 6, a battery energy storage system 7, a compression-cooling unit 8, a second stopcock valve 9, a high-pressure storage device 10, a third stopcock valve 11, a heating-expansion unit 12, a fourth stopcock valve 13, a low-pressure storage device 14, a first stopcock valve 15, a fifth stopcock valve 16, a heat storage unit 17, a sixth stopcock valve 18, a power grid 19, and a control unit.

[0032] The connection relationships of each component are as follows: The power output terminals of photovoltaic power station 1 and wind power station 2 are respectively connected to the power input terminals of hot water storage electric heating unit 3, chiller unit 4, battery energy storage system 7, and compression-cooling unit 8. The heat energy output terminal of hot water storage electric heating unit 3 is connected to the heating / cooling user 6; the cold energy output terminal of chiller unit 4 is connected to the input terminal of cold storage unit 5, and the output terminal of cold storage unit 5 is connected to the heating / cooling user 6. The charging / discharging terminal of battery energy storage system 7 is connected to the power grid 19.

[0033] Internal connections of the compressed gas energy storage system: The outlet of the low-pressure storage device 14 is connected to the inlet of the compression-cooling unit 8 via a first stopcock valve 15; the outlet of the compression-cooling unit 8 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure storage device 10 via a second stopcock valve 9; the outlet of the high-pressure storage device 10 is connected to the inlet of the heating-expansion unit 12 via a third stopcock valve 11; and the outlet of the heating-expansion unit 12 is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure storage device 14 via a fourth stopcock valve 13. The heat outlet of the compression-cooling unit 8 is connected to the heat inlet of the heat storage unit 17 via a fifth stopcock valve 16; and the heat outlet of the heat storage unit 17 is connected to the heat inlet of the heating-expansion unit 12 via a sixth stopcock valve 18. Each stopcock valve is used to control the on / off state and flow rate regulation of the corresponding pipeline.

[0034] The operating method of this embodiment includes the following four operating modes: Mode 1: When the wind and solar power station has output power, but it is lower than the minimum operating power of the compressed gas energy storage system, and the heating and cooling user 6 has heating and cooling needs, the electricity is given priority to the electric heating unit 3 of the hot water storage or the chiller unit 4 to provide heat or cold energy to the user; if there is still a surplus of electricity, the remaining part will be sent to the battery energy storage system 7 for storage.

[0035] Mode 2: When the wind and solar power station has output power, but it is lower than the minimum operating power of the compressed gas energy storage system, and the heating and cooling user 6 has no heating or cooling needs, all the electricity will be directly transmitted to the battery energy storage system 7 for storage.

[0036] Mode 3: When the output of the wind and solar power station is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power of the compressed gas energy storage system, all the electricity is transmitted to the compression-cooling unit 8 to drive the compressor to operate, compress the low-pressure gas into high-pressure gas and store it in the high-pressure storage device 10, and store the heat generated during the compression process in the heat storage unit 17.

[0037] Mode 4: When the wind and solar power station has no output, the control unit detects the electricity price of the grid 19. When the electricity price is higher than the preset threshold, the battery energy storage system 7 discharges to the grid 19 first. When the remaining battery capacity is less than 20%, the compressed gas energy storage system is started. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure storage device 10 enters the heating-expansion unit 12, absorbs the heat in the heat storage unit 17, expands and generates electricity, and is then transmitted to the grid 19.

[0038] By adopting the above system and corresponding operating mode, energy loss is minimized. When wind and solar power output is insufficient, the system does not cause the compressed gas energy storage system to operate inefficiently. Instead, it intelligently routes electricity to cold and heat production or battery energy storage, ensuring the timely and complete consumption of wind and solar power and creating conditions for the start-up of the compressed gas energy storage system.

[0039] See Figure 4 The system configuration calculation in this embodiment is as follows: The total energy absorbed by compressed gas energy storage (stored energy) is the integral of wind and solar power output within an independent energy storage time window, calculated using the following formula: ; in, This is the sum of the real-time power output of photovoltaic power station 1 and wind power station 2. , These represent the start and end times of the independent energy storage time window, respectively.

[0040] The unused additional wind and solar energy from compressed gas energy storage is the difference between the total power generation and the already utilized energy, calculated using the following formula: ; in, , These represent the start and end times of the effective photovoltaic power output time window, respectively.

[0041] The rated capacity of the battery energy storage system 7 should be equal to the unused additional energy. .

[0042] The maximum heat supply that the hot and cold production unit can provide is: ; in, The coefficient of performance (COP) of the electric heating unit 3 for hot water storage is given.

[0043] The maximum cooling capacity that the hot and cold production unit can provide is: ; in, is the cooling performance coefficient of refrigeration unit 4.

[0044] Example 2: See Figure 3 This embodiment provides a wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage, the method including the following steps: S1. Obtain real-time power output data of wind and solar power generation system, minimum operating power threshold of compressed gas energy storage system, cooling and heating demand data of cooling and heating user 6, and real-time electricity price data of grid 19. S2. Determine whether the real-time output of the wind and solar power generation system is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power threshold. If yes, proceed to step S3; otherwise, proceed to step S4. S3. All the electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system is transmitted to the compressed gas energy storage system for storage; S4. Determine if there is a user's demand for hot or cold water. If yes, proceed to step S5; otherwise, proceed to step S6. S5. Prioritize the transmission of electricity to cold and hot production units to meet user demand, and transmit the remaining electricity to the battery energy storage system 7 for storage. S6. All electricity is transferred to the battery energy storage system 7 for storage; S7. When the wind and solar power generation system has no output, the battery energy storage system 7 and the compressed gas energy storage system are controlled to discharge to the grid 19 or shut down according to the electricity price of the grid 19.

[0045] Furthermore, a system pre-configuration step is included before step S1: S01. Analyze the solar and wind resource characteristics of the project site to determine the effective output time window for wind and solar power generation. ; S02. Determine the operating range of the energy storage power based on the design parameters of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S03, Minimum operating power based on wind and solar power output characteristics and compressed gas energy storage system Determine the independent energy storage time window ,in and The power output of wind and solar power reached its first peak and fell below its last peak, respectively. At that moment.

[0046] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes: S21. Determine the current time Time Is it within the independent energy storage time window? If so, proceed to step S3; S22. If not, then determine the current time. Time Is it within the effective output time window? If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S7.

[0047] Furthermore, step S7 specifically includes: S71. Obtain the current grid electricity price (19) and determine whether it is higher than the preset discharge electricity price threshold. S72. If so, the battery energy storage system 7 shall be controlled to discharge to the grid 19 first. When the battery energy storage system 7 discharges to the point where the remaining capacity is lower than the preset threshold, the compressed gas energy storage system shall be started to discharge to the grid 19. S73. If not, both the battery energy storage system 7 and the compressed gas energy storage system are in a shutdown state.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes the step of determining the system size: S8. Calculate the total energy consumed by the compressed gas energy storage system within an independent energy storage time window. ; S9. Calculate the total energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system within the effective output time window. ; S10. Calculate the unused additional energy of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S11, according to The rated capacity of battery energy storage system 7 is determined to be... The maximum energy supply capacity of the hot and cold production units is determined to be... ,in COP This refers to the performance coefficient of the hot and cold production equipment.

[0049] Example 3: This embodiment provides a multi-machine parallel wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage. Its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that: the compression-cooling unit 8 is composed of 3 compressors with a rated power of 10MW and 3 corresponding coolers connected in parallel; the heating-expansion unit 12 is composed of 3 expanders with a rated power of 10MW and 3 corresponding heaters connected in parallel.

[0050] By starting and stopping different numbers of compressors and expanders, the operating power range of the compressed gas energy storage system in this embodiment can be extended to 10MW-30MW, and the minimum operating power is reduced to the rated power of a single compressor. Compared with a system with a single 30MW compressor, the stable operating range is expanded by 3 times.

[0051] The operation method of this embodiment adds a unit quantity adjustment step to the operation method of embodiment 1: when the wind and solar output is between 10MW and 20MW, one compressor is started; when the output is between 20MW and 30MW, two compressors are started; and when the output is greater than 30MW, three compressors are started. In this way, the adaptability of the compressed gas energy storage system to fluctuations in wind and solar output is further improved, the amount of surplus electricity that needs to be consumed by cold and hot production and battery energy storage is reduced, and the overall cost of the system is reduced.

[0052] Example 4: This embodiment provides an open-type wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage. Its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the low-pressure storage device 14 adopts an atmospheric environment, eliminating the need for a low-pressure gas storage container.

[0053] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: During energy storage, the compression-cooling unit 8 directly draws in air from the atmosphere and compresses it. The compressed high-pressure air is stored in the high-pressure storage device 10, and the heat of compression is stored in the heat storage unit 17. During energy release, the high-pressure air in the high-pressure storage device 10 enters the heating-expansion unit 12, absorbs the heat in the heat storage unit 17, expands to do work and generate electricity, and the low-pressure air after doing work is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0054] This embodiment simplifies the system structure and reduces equipment investment and maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for wind and solar power plants in remote areas with abundant land resources and moderate requirements for energy storage efficiency. Due to the use of an open-cycle system, the energy storage efficiency is slightly lower than that of a closed-cycle system, but through a cascaded dispatch strategy, it can still achieve a wind and solar power absorption rate of over 95%.

[0055] Implementation 5: This embodiment provides a wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage with peak-valley electricity price optimization. Its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the control unit has a built-in peak-valley electricity price prediction module and an optimized scheduling algorithm.

[0056] The operation method of this embodiment adds an electricity price optimization step based on embodiment 1: 1. Obtain peak-valley electricity price data and wind and solar power output forecast data for the next 24 hours in advance; 2. During periods of low electricity prices, such as from 11:00 PM to 7:00 AM the next day, if wind and solar power output is insufficient, priority should be given to purchasing electricity from the grid and storing it in the compressed gas energy storage system; 3. During periods of stable electricity prices, priority will be given to consuming wind and solar power, and the remaining power will be dispatched according to the principle of "prioritizing cold and hot production and supplementing with battery energy storage"; 4. During peak electricity price periods, such as 10:00-16:00 during the day, the battery energy storage system 7 will be prioritized for discharge, while the compressed gas energy storage system will be concentrated for discharge during the 2-3 hours when electricity prices are highest, in order to obtain the maximum economic benefits.

[0057] By optimizing the scheduling through peak-valley electricity pricing, the annual revenue of the system in this embodiment is increased by about 15%-20% compared with that in Embodiment 1, and the investment payback period is shortened by 1-2 years, further enhancing the system's economic efficiency and market competitiveness.

[0058] It should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. All similar variations related to these embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage, characterized in that, include: A wind and solar power generation system for generating renewable electricity, the wind and solar power generation system comprising a photovoltaic power station (1) and / or a wind power station (2). Compressed gas energy storage system is used to convert electrical energy generated by wind and solar power generation systems into compressed gas energy storage. Battery energy storage system (7) for fast-response energy storage; A cold and heat production device is used to convert electrical energy into cold or heat energy and supply it to cold and heat users (6). The control unit is electrically connected to the wind and solar power generation system, the compressed gas energy storage system, the battery energy storage system (7), and the heating and cooling production device, respectively. The control unit is configured to execute the following operating strategy: prioritize the transmission of electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system to the compressed gas energy storage system for storage; when the real-time output of the wind and solar power generation system is lower than the minimum power threshold required to drive the compressed gas energy storage system, prioritize the dispatch of electricity to the heating and cooling production device; if the heating and cooling user (6) has no heating or cooling needs, dispatch the electricity to the battery energy storage system (7) for storage; when the output of the wind and solar power generation system rises above the minimum power threshold, resume the use of the compressed gas energy storage system as the main electricity consumer; during the period when the wind and solar power generation system has no output, control the battery energy storage system (7) and the compressed gas energy storage system to discharge to the grid (19) according to the real-time electricity price of the grid (19).

2. The wind and solar power configuration system and operation method based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed gas energy storage system includes a compression-cooling module (8), a heating-expansion module (12), a high-pressure gas storage device (10), a low-pressure gas storage device (14), and a heat storage device (17). The air inlet of the compression-cooling module (8) is connected to the low-pressure gas storage device (14) via the first stopcock valve (15), and the air outlet is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device (10) via the second stopcock valve (9). The air inlet of the heating-expansion module (12) is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device (10) via the third plug valve (11), and the air outlet is connected to the low-pressure gas storage device (14) via the fourth plug valve (13). The heat inlet of the heat storage device (17) is connected to the heat outlet of the compression-cooling module (8) via the fifth stop valve (16), and the heat outlet is connected to the heat inlet of the heating-expansion module (12) via the sixth stop valve (18), which is used to store the compression heat generated during the compression process and provide a heat source for the expansion work process.

3. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compression-cooling module (8) is composed of multiple compressors and multiple coolers connected in parallel; the heating-expansion module (12) is composed of multiple heaters and multiple expanders connected in parallel.

4. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low-pressure gas storage device (14) is a low-pressure gas storage container or an atmospheric environment.

5. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot and cold production device includes a hot water electric heating unit (3), a refrigeration unit (4), and a cold storage unit (5). The power input terminal of the hot water storage electric heating unit (3) is connected to the wind and solar power generation system, and the heat output terminal is connected to the cold and heat user (6); The power input terminal of the refrigeration unit (4) is connected to the wind and solar power generation system, the cold energy output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the cold storage unit (5), and the output terminal of the cold storage unit (5) is connected to the cold and heat user (6).

6. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging and discharging terminals of the battery energy storage system (7) are connected to the power grid (19), and the power output terminal of the compressed gas energy storage system is connected to the power grid (19).

7. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rated capacity of the battery energy storage system (7) is equal to the total wind and solar power energy not absorbed by the compressed gas energy storage system; the maximum cooling / heating capacity of the cold and heat production device is equal to the product of the total wind and solar power energy not absorbed by the compressed gas energy storage system and the corresponding energy conversion performance coefficient.

8. The wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is also configured to: analyze the characteristics of wind and solar resources at the project site and determine the effective output time window for wind and solar power generation; determine the independent energy storage time window based on the minimum operating power threshold of the compressed gas energy storage system; and directly transmit all wind and solar power to the compressed gas energy storage system when the current time is within the independent energy storage time window.

9. A wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage, characterized in that, Applied to the wind and solar power configuration system based on compressed gas energy storage as described in any one of claims 1-8, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Obtain real-time power output data of wind and solar power generation system, minimum operating power threshold of compressed gas energy storage system, cooling and heating demand data of cooling and heating users (6) and real-time electricity price data of power grid (19). S2. Determine whether the real-time output of the wind and solar power generation system is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power threshold. If yes, proceed to step S3; otherwise, proceed to step S4. S3. All the electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system is transmitted to the compressed gas energy storage system for storage; S4. Determine if there is a user's demand for hot or cold water. If yes, proceed to step S5; otherwise, proceed to step S6. S5. Prioritize the delivery of electricity to the cold and hot production units to meet user needs, and deliver the remaining electricity to the battery energy storage system (7) for storage. S6. All electricity is transmitted to the battery energy storage system (7) for storage; S7. When the wind and solar power generation system has no output, the battery energy storage system (7) and the compressed gas energy storage system are controlled to discharge or shut down to the grid (19) according to the grid (19) electricity price.

10. The wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that, The system pre-configuration step is included before step S1: S01. Analyze the solar and wind resource characteristics of the project site to determine the effective output time window for wind and solar power generation. ; S02. Determine the operating range of the energy storage power based on the design parameters of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S03, Minimum operating power based on wind and solar power output characteristics and compressed gas energy storage system Determine the independent energy storage time window ,in and The power output of wind and solar power reached its first peak and fell below its last peak, respectively. At that moment.

11. The wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S2 is as follows: S21. Determine the current time Time Is it within the independent energy storage time window? If so, proceed to step S3; S22. If not, then determine the current time. Time Is it within the effective output time window? If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S7.

12. The wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S7 is as follows: S71. Obtain the current power grid (19) price and determine whether it is higher than the preset discharge price threshold. S72. If so, the battery energy storage system (7) is prioritized to discharge to the grid (19). When the battery energy storage system (7) discharges to a level below the preset threshold, the compressed gas energy storage system is started to discharge to the grid (19). S73. If not, then both the battery energy storage system (7) and the compressed gas energy storage system are in a shutdown state.

13. The wind and solar power operation method based on compressed gas energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the system size determination step: S8. Calculate the total energy consumed by the compressed gas energy storage system within an independent energy storage time window. ; S9. Calculate the total energy generated by the wind and solar power generation system within the effective output time window. ; S10. Calculate the unused additional energy of the compressed gas energy storage system. ; S11, according to The rated capacity of the battery energy storage system (7) is determined to be: The maximum energy supply capacity of the hot and cold production units is determined to be... ,in COP This refers to the performance coefficient of the hot and cold production equipment.

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